TLE – TD 8

Second Quarter- Module 4.1

Prepare and Interpret
Technical Drawing
Technology & Livelihood Education – Technical Drafting 8
Supplementary Learning Material
Quarter 2 – Module 4.1: Prepare and Interpret Technical Drawing

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

Writer : Luzviminda C. Castromero
Content Editor : Bernie B. Bongat
Language Editor : April Ann S. Abriol
Layout and Design Editor: Elrose V. Arique
Illustrator:
Cover Layout Artist : Nemesio S. Cancan Jr., EdD
MANAGEMENT TEAM
OIC-SDS : Romela M. Cruz, CESE
CID Chief : Alyn G. Mendoza, PhDTE
SGOD Chief : Emma G. Arrubio
EPS-in-Charge : Marife V. Arias
EPS-LRMS : Ruby E. Baniqued, EdD

Department of Education – Schools Division Office, Mandaluyong

Office Address: Calbayog St. Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City
Telephone number: CID- 79552557
E-mail Address:[email protected] ● www.depedmandaluyong.org

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Handle this module with care. Use a separate sheet in answering the
exercises.
2. Read the directions carefully before doing each task.
3. Activities in this module can be done individually or with the help of your
teacher, home learning partner or knowledge source partner.
4. Finish this module for the intended week.
5. Return this module to the authorized person in charge of retrieval
 TLE-TD
8

TECHNOLOGY & LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 8 TD EXPLORATORY

QUARTER 2– MODULE 4.1
PREPARE AND INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWING (TD)
Analyze Signs, Symbols, and Data
OBJECTIVES:
a. Differentiate freehand drawing and mechanical drawing;
b. Demonstrate understanding of the process in freehand & mechanical drawing; and
c. Read and interpret the line symbols in freehand and mechanical drawing.

Introduction / Overview:
A drawing is made up of different lines which symbolizes different thing. It is a must
for every drafting student to know and understand different sign and symbols to read and
interpret the drawing accurately. In this lesson, you will learn the different kinds of lines
and what it represents in working drawing.

PRETEST

A. Directions: Read each item carefully. Select the correct answer and write only the
letter of your answer in your notebook.
1. It is the system for graphically representing object by line drawing on a
flat surface.
A. Orthographic Projection B. Pictorial Drawing
C. Multi-view Drawing D. Isometric Drawing
2. It is a system of orthographic projection used by many European countries (ISO
Standard).
A. Orthographic Projection B. Third-angle Projection
C. Isometric Projection D. First-angle Projection
3. It is the three common views drawn in orthographic drawing.
A. front, top, and sides B. front, rear, and sides
C. front, sides, and rear D. front, top, and rear.
4. It is a dimensioning technique that requires all dimension figures be lettered
between guidelines parallel to the bottom edge of the drawing paper.
A. Aligned Method B. Location Dimension
C. Overall Dimension D. Uni-directional Method
5. It is a system of orthographic projection used by Americans, British, and
Canadians (ANSI Standard).
A. First-angle Projection B. Orthographic Projection
C. Diametric Projection D. Third-angle Projection
6. It is a kind of oblique drawing in which the depth axis lines are in full size.
A. Cabinet Oblique B. Cavalier Oblique
C. General Oblique D. Oblique Perspective
7. It is the equivalent measurement of 5 meters in a scale of 1:20 meters.
A. 20 cm. B. 15 cm.
C. 5 cm. D. 10 cm.

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8TD0h-1

Competency: Analyze Signs, Symbols, and Data
1
 8. It is a type of oblique drawing where the dimension of the receding features of
the object is drawn half-scale.
A. Cabinet Projection B. Cavalier Projection
C. Isometric Projection D. Orthographic Projection
9. It is a type of dimensioning that requires all dimension figures, except to angular
contours and it is lettered between guidelines parallel to the dimension lines.
A. Aligned Method B. Location Dimension
C. Overall Dimension D. Uni-directional Method
10. This is the process of describing the object by placing sizes and related
information on a drawing.
A. Dimensioning B. Scaling
C. Sectioning D. Tolerancing

B. Directions: Write the alphabet of lines indicated by numbers 1 to 10. Answer in

your notebook.

1._____________
2._____________
3._____________
4._____________
5._____________
6._____________
7._____________
8._____________
9._____________
10.____________

LET’S REVIEW
What are the different measuring tools, and two system of measurements? Write your
answer in your notebook.

LET’S STUDY
FREEHAND DRAWING

Freehand drawing is made without the use of drawing instruments or

straightedges. Freehand drawing is the same as with sketching. This technique is
necessary for any area of drafting and an important skill for everyone. Freehand
drawing skills can be achieved through continuous training and correct practice.

The line is a product of points, has only one length, and can be done with different
strokes to create the kinds of lines.

Kinds of lines

1. Horizontal lines It is a straight line drawn from left to

right for right-handed, and from right
to left for left-handed individuals

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8TD0h-1

Competency: Analyze Signs, Symbols, and Data
2
 2. Vertical lines It is a straight line drawn
downward.

It is a line same as vertical line but

3. Inclined lines inclined or diagonal strokes drawn
downward

The line is in curved strokes drawn

4. Curved line
downward for either right-handed
or left-handed and it may also be
drawn upward.

MECHANICAL DRAWING

Mechanical drawing is done with precision using drafting tools (e.g. ruler, T-square,
triangle) or done using a computer program (e.g. AutoCAD). All details must be accurate
and easy to interpret. Each kind of line is drawn with different line weights, also known as
the alphabet of lines.

ALPHABET OF LINES

Alphabet of lines is a universal symbol

of lines used by architects, engineers,
designers, and draftsmen for planning
and designing of buildings and
structures.

Visible line is also known as object line.

The line is drawn thick and dark to represents the
visible edges or outline of the object.

Hidden line is a medium-thick line representing the area or surface that cannot be seen.
Lines drawn by short dashes about 2-3 millimeters long with space between dashes about
1-2 millimeters wide

Center line is a thin line consisting of two long dashes and short dash representing the
center of symmetrical shapes and figures like circle, cube, square, etc. Lines drawn
alternately with a gap of at least 2 millimeters in between

Section line is a thin line to show the surface that has been cut; they are spaced evenly at
45 degrees with the horizontal to make a shaded effect.
Extension line is a thin line that extends from the object to show dimension limits

Dimension line is a thin line with an arrowhead in one end used to indicate the
measurements of the object
Dimension
Extension Line
line

Long-break line is also known as the limiting line. A medium-thick line, that composed of
broken and straight lines drawn alternately. This line represents the limits of the length of
an elongated object without changing the size of its view.

Short-break line is a thick line drawn wavy line in freehand to show that a part of an
object has been cut off.

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8TD0h-1

Competency: Analyze Signs, Symbols, and Data
3
 Long break
Short break line
line

Leader line is a short inclined thin line with an arrowhead at the end and short horizontal
line on the other end.

Phantom line is a thin line that represents the position(s) of part of an object that moves.
Lines drawn by two short dashes and one long dash.

Cutting-plane line a thick line used to indicate an imaginary cut through an object along
the line. Composed of two long dashes broken in one end with an arrowhead and two short
dashes drawn in between the long dashes.

LET’S PRACTICE
CAN YOU DO IT?
Directions: Copy the lines inside the box. Do it in drawing paper (4A bond
paper). Lines should be drawn freehand.

LET’S CONNECT

CAN YOU REFLECT ON IT?

In your notebook, answer the following questions:

1. Why is it important to learn and understand “the alphabet of line”

in drafting?
2. What is the difference between freehand and mechanical drawing?

LET’S TAKE THE CHALLENGE

Directions: Read and interpret the given figure below. Identify the alphabet of
lines used in each number. Write your answer in your notebook.

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8TD0h-1

Competency: Analyze Signs, Symbols, and Data
4
 1._____________
2._____________
3._____________
4._____________
5._____________
6._____________
7._____________
8._____________
9._____________
10.____________

ENHANCEMENT ACTIVITY

CAN YOU COLLABORATE?

Use Messenger App or text message service and ask your classmate, Why is it
important to have constant training and correct practice in drafting? Answer
the same question and compare your answer. Write your answer and the comparison in
your notebook. Take a screenshot as evidence of your collaboration with clasmate.

POST TEST

Directions: Identify what is being described in each item. Choose your answer from the
choices inside the box and write it in your notebook.

Cutting-plane line Extension line Hidden line

Long-break line Phantom line Short-break line

1. It is a thick line used to indicate an imaginary cut through an object along the line.
2. It is a thick line drawn in freehand to show details that a part has been cut off or
broken out.
3. It is a medium thick line consisting of broken and straight lines drawn alternately.
4. It is a thin line that shows position(s) of part of an object that moves drawn by two short
dashes and one long dash.
5. It is a medium thick line composed of short dashes about 2-3 millimeters long with
space between dashes about 1-2 millimeters wide.

References:

• Alphabet of lines illustration#1

https://www.google.com/search?q=alphabet+of+line+&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiS1tTx6KTqAhVKU5QKH
fB4CfQQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=alphabet+of+line+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQHlDSMFjSMGCuM2gAcAB4AIABnwGIA
Z8BkgEDMC4xmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=d7b4XtK-
D8qm0QTw8aWgDw&bih=657&biw=1366#imgrc=yfbgLkiSP8dfjM
• Alphabet of lines illustration #2 https://www.easynotecards.com/print_list/49991?fs=0&dis=1&pi=on
• Bermas, et al (n.d.) Grade 7 and 8 Learner’s Module: MECHANICAL DRAWING NCI pp. 70-82
• Christian Joy e. Roxas, publication 2015, Technology and Livelihood Education; Quezon City Bright
House Publishing; pages 72-75
• https://www.umasd.org/cms/lib7/PA01000379/Centricity/Domain/325/The_Alphabet_of_Lines.pdf

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8TD0h-1

Competency: Analyze Signs, Symbols, and Data
5
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division Office-Mandaluyong

Calbayog Street, Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City 1500

Telefax: (632) 79552557

Email Address: [email protected]

●www.depedmandaluyong.org