ReadySetABA RBT Study Guide
ReadySetABA RBT Study Guide
Table f C e
A Mea eme
A 1 Prepare for Data Collection
A 2 Implement continuous measurement procedures e g , frequency, duration
A 3 Implement discontinuous measurement procedures e g , partial whole
interval, momentary time sampling
A 4 Implement permanent product recording procedures
A 5 Enter data and update graphs
A 6 Describe behavior and environment in observable and measurable terms
B A e me
B 1 Conduct preference assessments
B 2 Assist with individualized assessment procedures e g , curriculum based,
developmental, social skills
B 3 Assist with functional assessment procedures
C Skill Ac i i i
C 1 Identify the essential components of a written skill acquisition plan
C 2 Prepare for the session as required by the skill acquisition plan
C 3 Use contingencies of reinforcement e g , conditioned unconditioned
reinforcement, continuous intermittent schedules
C 4 Implement discrete trial teaching procedures
C 5 Implement naturalistic teaching procedures e g , incidental teaching
C 6 Implement task analyzed chaining procedures
C 7 Implement discrimination training
C 8 Implement stimulus control transfer procedures
C 9 Implement prompt and prompt fading procedures
C 10 Implement generalization and maintenance procedures
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C 11 Implement shaping procedures
C 12 Implement token economy procedures
D Beha i Red c i
D 1 Identify essential components of a written behavior reduction plan
D 2 Describe common functions of behavior
D 3 Implement interventions based on modification of antecedents such as
motivating operations and discriminative stimuli
D 4 Implement differential reinforcement procedures e g , DRA, DRO
D 5 Implement extinction procedures
D 6 Implement crisis emergency procedures according to protocol
E D c me a i a d Re i g
E 1 Effectively communicate with a supervisor in an ongoing manner
E 2 Actively seek clinical direction from supervisor in a timely manner
E 3 Report other variables that might affect the client in a timely manner
E 4 Generate objective session notes for service verification by describing what
occurred during the sessions, in accordance with applicable legal, regulatory, and
workplace requirements
E 5 Comply with applicable legal, regulatory, and workplace data collection,
storage, transportation, and documentation requirements
F P fe i al C d c a d Sc e f P ac ice
F 1 Describe the BACB s RBT supervision requirements and the role of RBTs in the
service delivery system
F 2 Respond appropriately to feedback and maintain or improve performance
accordingly
F 3 Communicate with stakeholders e g , family, caregivers, other professionals
as authorized
F 4 Maintain professional boundaries e g , avoid dual relationships, conflicts of
interest, social media contacts
F 5 Maintain client dignity
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A. Measurement
Data collection is a key component when delivering services to clients The following
are preparations that can be taken when preparing for data collection before a
session takes place
Read over plans goals put in place by the BCBA prior to the session, this way you know
exactly what you are collecting data on
Collect all necessary materials
Set up the environment prior to the start of the session
Name f C i De i i E am le
Mea eme
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her toothbrush The
La e c is 5 minutes
Po W u
Name f Di c i De i i E am le
Mea eme P ced e
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mark a O
Measuring the end product of a behavior by observing the effect it had on the
environment
E am le A learner is required to make the bed before going outside, we go to the bedroom
to observe the bed made, and allow the learner to go outside
Clea readable, provides a clear picture of what the behavior looks like, can be replicated
C m le e provide examples
Objec i e The behavior is observable
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B. Assessment
B-1 Conduct preference assessments.
Preference assessments are used to determine stimuli that may act as a reinforcer
This does not necessarily mean that the item WILL be reinforcing, just that the
learner prefers that stimuli over others
Here is an example:
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Date Time Antecedent Behavior Consequence
After this data is gathered, the ABA team will create a behavior intervention plan
and hypothesize the function of the behavior. You may be asked to help with the
operational definition and make suggestions on strategies that are working in
your sessions.
C. Skill Acquisition
C-1 Identify the essential components of a written skill acquisition plan.
Data is the driving force of behavior analysis Every few months a BCBA Team
reevaluates the learner s need for services Behavior analysts analyze data across
behaviors and skill acquisition programs to determine the need for ongoing services
Sometimes, data tells us that the learner is ready for discharge, or the decrease of
services Additionally, the progress on a behavioral and skill level can tell us services
need to continue, or increase The essential components of a written skills
acquisition plan are explained in more detail below
C-2 Prepare for the session as required by the skill acquisition plan.
Prior to the beginning of a session with a client the following should be completed
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2 Gather materials needed to implement the skill acquisition plan
3 Ensure that all reinforcers that may be needed preferred throughout the
session are present
T e De c i i E am le
Fixed Ratio FR FIXED same RATIO per E am le FR3, means for every 3rd
response response, the individual receives
reinforcement
Variable Ratio VR VARIABLE average RATIO per E am le VR5 means the individual
response will be reinforced on an average of 5
responses A learner may receive
reinforcement after every 5th
response, then every 4th response,
etc as long as an average of 5 is
maintained
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C-4 Implement discrete-trial teaching procedures.
Di c e e T ial They are used to teach new skills and involve an Sd followed by a
response, then followed by a consequence Operant conditioning This is controlled
by the clinician s presentation of stimuli
Operant conditioning is learned behavior that is shaped by the consequences
Positive and negative reinforcement along with positive and negative punishment
are ways that behavior changes Looking at ABC data can help us dissect
contingencies at play When we say contingency, we think of depending upon
Without the A, we wouldn t have the B and therefore wouldn t have the C These
three terms are contingent upon one another
3 3 21 Lunch, 11:30am Client sitting in the Client sat on the Therapist gestured
lunch room with 10 floor and said, no to the lunchbox and
other kids Loud combined with said, Let s grab your
environment, 1 1 crying and hitting lunch box but did
therapy, demand attempts This lasted not prompt The
presented to get about :30 seconds client escaped the
lunch box and sit demand
down
1 Behavior is sitting on the floor, saying no combined with crying and hitting
2 Demand removed negative
3 Did the behavior increase or decrease increased Reinforcement
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2 Clear and concise instructions, and clear definition of what a correct response
looks like
3 Some examples of Sd s in often found in DTT sessions are What is it Give me,
point to, show me Match, What goes together What does a cow say What is your
name Find the
E am le Barb is intrigued with playing her alien game Her teacher is trying to get her to
answer WH questions in the form of an intraverbal Instead of trying to move her back to
her desk, she decides to join her on the floor and ask her WH questions about aliens
Chaining is a behavior change procedure that is used for teaching new, complex
behaviors When teaching a chain of behaviors, a task analysis is required A task
analysis is breaking complex behaviors into smaller, teachable components
1. F a d Chai i g The learner is required to perform the first step in the task
analysis, then the rest is prompted Once the learner master s the first step,
they will move the second and the rest will be prompted
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2 Back a d chai i g Reinforcement occurs at the end of the chain The
learner is prompted through all of the steps until the last step The learner is
expected to perform the last step and has a sense of completion, then after
that step is mastered, they are expected to perform the last two steps This
chain is faded backwards accordingly
Backward chaining is often chosen when the learner does not have any of the
skills in the chain
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3 Back a d Chai i g i h Lea Ahead This chain is backward chaining
where the individual can already perform the last few steps You would leap
ahead to teaching step 7 and require them to perform 8 and 9 on their own
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C-7 Implement discrimination training.
E am le You stop your car in the presence of a stop sign, or a red traffic light but do
not stop your car on the road during your drive Stopping the car is controlled by
specific stimuli
When we stop at a redlight, the redlight is needed for us to stop Before we learned
what this was, we needed someone to say, When it is red, we stop Maybe at first,
the person teaching you to drive pointed and said, Stop it is red The words, Stop, it
is red were controlling your behavior paired with the redlight It wasn t until a few
trials later, that you learned to just stop when the light was red This is an example of
a stimulus control transfer procedure
In the classroom, we may see kids lining up by the door when the teacher says, Line
up One child in particular may need a gesture prompt every single time this is said
Right now, the gesture prompt is controlling the behavior We need to work on
transferring the control of the gesture to the line up along Prompt fading is used
to transfer stimulus control
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There are many ways to fade prompts We should know that least to most prompting
is always preferred We want to be as least intrusive as possible We know that when
teaching skills, we may need to provide support initially We often want to give kids
the chance to respond on their own, then represent the demand Sd and prompt
H d e m
P m Fadi g The gradual transfer of stimulus control from the prompt to the
naturally occurring SD such as least to most or most to least
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C-11 Implement shaping procedures.
Sha i g E am le Molly is a 4 year old girl with autism who is just starting to show
expressive vocal language Her therapist wants her to be able to say swing when she wants
the swing Right now, Molly can say s and ring spontaneously Her therapist wants to
shape the word Swing by reinforcing successive verbal approximations to the target word
swing , To start, Molly s therapist will reinforce the s sound In action, Molly runs to the
swing and her therapist says, What do you want Molly says, s her therapist follows with
You want swing good telling me while placing her in the swing Next session, Molly runs to
the swing and says s , this time her therapist says, What do you want Say sw Molly says s ,
her therapist does not provide reinforcement yet but instead repeats, sw Molly says, sw
and her therapist provides reinforcement Next session Molly will be reinforced for swi until
she is able to say swing
D. Behavior Reduction
D-1 Identify essential components of a written behavior reduction plan.
The essential components of a written behavior reduction plan include the following:
1 Target behaviors
2 Definition of target behaviors
3 Function of target behaviors
4 Antecedent Strategies
5 Replacement Strategies
6 Reinforcement Strategies
7 Consequence Strategies
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D-2 Describe common functions of behavior.
ABA is a science that focuses on socially significant behaviors using research based
strategies to improve behavior As an ABA clinician, you must understand the
importance of objectively measuring and describing behavior
Basically, if we can figure out why the individual is doing what they are doing, we can
replace it with a more appropriate behavior We have to know the function What are
the functions of behavior
F c i E am le
We must provide replacement behaviors for these target behaviors that match
the function! If we expect the child not to engage in aggression when trying to
escape the task, we must provide them another way to ask for a break. Meanwhile,
we need to figure out why they want to escape and fix our teaching. Is the work
too di cult Is the environment set up to accommodate the child How can we
provide more intrinsic motivation or reinforcement
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D-3 Implement interventions based on modification of antecedents such
as motivating operations and discriminative stimuli.
It is important that we set up the environment to promote learning Creating a
motivating environment is key to setting the individual up for success Countdowns,
warnings, timers, coping strategies, functional language are all examples of
antecedent strategies
Diffe e ial Rei f ceme f Any other behavior can be E am le Peter engages in
O he Beha i DRO reinforced besides the severe head hitting behavior
target problem behavior This is that leaves bruising The BCBA
often utilized for more severe on his case decides to
behaviors, or behaviors that immediately implement a DRO
present a safety concern procedure that will allow Peter
to engage in any other behavior
besides head hitting First, they
take IRT interresponse time
data on head hitting to
determine an interval schedule
They determine after a short 1
hour observation that he will be
on an interval of 7 minutes
Every 7 minutes, if Peter does
not engage in head hitting, he
will receive one minute of a
youtube video
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pockets instead of sucking on
thumb Sitting in your chair
instead of running around the
room These behaviors cannot
physically be done at the same
time
Diffe e ial Rei f ceme f This schedule is used when you E am le You want to decrease
L Ra e f Beha i DRL don t want to completely the amount of time between
extinguish a behavior each behavior For example,
Garry eats too fast, he is on a
DRL to reduce the rate of
eating He must wait 10 seconds
between each bite
Diffe e ial Rei f ceme f This is a behavior you want to E am le Veronica answers 3
High Ra e f Beha i DRH increase such as hand raising A questions per class regularly,
particular reinforcement her teacher wants her to answer
schedule in which 8 questions per class period to
reinforcement is delivered for increase her responding She
rates of responding ABOVE a will be given a sticker after
specified predetermined answering 8 questions
criterion based on the
individual s performance in
previous intervals
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D-6 Implement crisis/emergency procedures according to protocol.
Sometimes, calm down protocols will be written to deescalate severe behaviors In
this case, there is a specific criteria for emergency situations Refer to your employee
handbook and BCBA instructions on how to handle difficult situations in order to
keep your client safe
E-2 Actively seek clinical direction from the supervisor in a timely manner.
Be sure that you are asking your supervisor if you need client materials or have
behavior questions in a timely manner.
E-3 Report other variables that might a ect the client in a timely manner.
It is important to report variables that might a ect client progress as they are
noticed. Reporting these could include but are not limited to:
Session Notes
Communicating directly with the BCBA on the case
ABC data on new behaviors not included in the behavior intervention plan
Some of these variables might include:
Illness
Medications
New behaviors
Changes in sleep patterns
Changes at home school etc.
E-4 Generate objective session notes for service verification by describing what
occurred during the sessions, in accordance with applicable legal, regulatory,
and workplace requirements.
Ensure that you know the session note requirements for your individual work
place. In general make sure you are following the following:
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1. Complete session notes for all clients in a timely manner.
2. Make sure data is collected and recorded on all current goals.
3. Make sure all required documentation is filled out including data of
session, start time end time.
E-5 Comply with applicable legal, regulatory, and workplace data collection,
storage, transportation, and documentation requirements.
Upon starting your job as an RBT make sure you are aware of your workplace
requirements for data collection, storage, transportation, and documentation. It
is important to do the following:
Maintain client confidentiality
Keep documentation for 7 years per the BACB
Not share any photos, pictures of client work, etc. with individuals or social
media
Keep files documents secured. Documents are often electronically stored
but if using paper all documents should be locked away when not in use.
The BACB has specific supervision requirements that an RBT must follow once
they become credentialed. See the chart below for those requirements.
Who can supervise an RBT A BCBA or BCaBa who has completed the
proper supervision requirements to
supervise others.
How many hours need to be supervised 5 of an RBT s total direct hours worked
each month
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F-2 Respond appropriately to feedback and maintain or improve
performance accordingly.
As an RBT you should receive frequent feedback from supervisors, clinic directors,
ect to maintain or improve your performance. Remember, this is beneficial to help
you be the best clinician you can be. It is vital that you take that feedback, ask
questions and work on making those improvements.
You will be asked to provide parents, caregivers and other professionals updates
on behavior interventions strategies at times. It is important to provide objective
language and provide data when possible. Parent involvement is crucial to the
success of therapy.
When preparing to become an RBT follow the steps below, work with your agency
and or BCBA s and reference the BACB website.
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Must pass background check
Must complete a 40 hour training
Must complete initial competency
assessment
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Version 1.2 Revised 4 3 2021.
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