Scribd
Upload
144 views12 pages

Impedance Matching With Lumped Elements

This document discusses impedance matching using lumped elements like inductors and capacitors. It explains the need for impedance matching to maximize power transfer between a source and load. LC matching circuits are designed using the Smith chart. An example shows designing an LC matching network to match a 100 ohm load to a 50 ohm source at 1 GHz, realizing the matching with a 7.96 nH inductor and 1.595 pF capacitor. The summary notes lumped element matching works when component sizes are much smaller than the wavelength, and the Smith chart is useful for circuit design.

Uploaded by

Denis Carlos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
144 views12 pages

Impedance Matching With Lumped Elements

This document discusses impedance matching using lumped elements like inductors and capacitors. It explains the need for impedance matching to maximize power transfer between a source and load. LC matching circuits are designed using the Smith chart. An example shows designing an LC matching network to match a 100 ohm load to a 50 ohm source at 1 GHz, realizing the matching with a 7.96 nH inductor and 1.595 pF capacitor. The summary notes lumped element matching works when component sizes are much smaller than the wavelength, and the Smith chart is useful for circuit design.

Uploaded by

Denis Carlos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Microwave Engineering and

Antennas

Impedance matching with


lumped elements
Bart Smolders, Professor
Department of Electrical Engineering
Center for Wireless Technology Eindhoven
Impedance matching with lumped
elements
Objective of this lecture

• Explain need for impedance


matching
• LC matching
• Show example using the Smith
chart
Power matching
Time average power delivered to load IL
1 ZS
PL = Re {VL I L }
* +
+
2 VS ZS=RS+jXS ZL VL
VS Z L - ZL=RL+jXL
VL =
ZS + ZL -

VS
IL =
ZS + ZL

1  2

 VS Z L  1
2
VS RL
PL = Re  2 
=
( RS + RL ) + ( X S + X L )
2 2
2  ZS + ZL 
  2
Power matching
Time average power delivered to load IL
ZS
2
VS RL
+
1 +
PL = VS ZL VL
2 ( RS + RL )2 + ( X S + X L )2 -
-

Maximum power is delivered when

∂PL ∂PL RL = RS *
= = 0 ZL = Z S
∂RL ∂X L XL = −XS
Matching circuit
Lumped matching using L and C ZS
+
Matching
VS ZL
circuit
-
Z = jω L

1
Z =
jωC
When can we use lumped element matching?
Semiconductor technologies (ICs) SMD component, 0402 size (1x0.5 mm2)

Laminate substrate (PCB)


Smolders, A. B., Pulsford, N. J., Philippe, P., & van Straten, F. E. (2004).
RF SiP : the next wave for wireless system integration.
In Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, pp. 233-236, 2004

Wavelength must be much larger than size component


LC-matching using Smith chart
C

Series C ZL
Shunt L
Series L
ZL

Series C Shunt C ZL
Shunt C C

Series L ZL

Shunt L L ZL
LC-matching using Smith chart
C

Series C ZL
Shunt L
Series L
ZL

Series C Shunt C ZL
Shunt C C

Series L ZL

Shunt L L ZL
Example LC-matching
Design matching circuit to match a 100 Ohm load to a
50 Ohm source at f=1 GHz

50 Ω
+
Matching

100 Ω
VS
circuit
-

ZL Step 1: Add Shunt C


Step 2: Add Series L
Shunt C
Series L
Realized matching circuit:
L=7.96nH

ZL
C=1.595pF
Example LC-matching
Frequency response realized matching circuit
0.8

0.6 L=7.96nH
mag(S(1,1))

0.4 ZL
C=1.595pF

0.2

0.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

freq, GHz
Example LC-matching
What about conjugate matching?

L=7.96nH

Zs=50 Ω ZS ZL ZL=100 Ω
C=1.595pF

Zin Zin

Zin=50 + j50 Ω Zin=50 - j50 Ω


Summary
• Lumped-element matching when size
components << λ
• Smith chart is a useful tool for design
of matching circuits
• Example LC matching
• Next web lecture we will extend
concept to matching with
transmission lines.

You might also like