“STUDENT MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM”

COMPUTER SCIENCE

PROJECT REPORT

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF SUBMITTED BY:

MS.S. NACHIYAR
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project entitled “STUDENT

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM" is a record of bonafide work carried

out by Master/Miss in partial fulfilment of the

requirements in COMPUTER SCIENCE prescribed by CBSE for

AISSCE 2023-24 in DELHI WORLD PUBLIC SCHOOL, Madurai.

DATE:

_____________ _____________
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

____________________ __________ __________

SENIOR SECONDARY COORDINATOR VICE PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project work entitled "Project

Name" submitted to DELHI WORLD PUBLIC

S C H O O L , Madurai for COMPUTER SCIENCE under the

guidance of MS. S. NACHIYAR PGT(CS), Computer Science

facilitator is a record of original work done by us. We further

declare that this project record or any part this has not been

submitted elsewhere for any other purpose.

Place:

Date:
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Apart from the efforts of me, the success of any project depends
largely on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this
opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been
instrumental in the successful completion of this project.

I express a deep sense of gratitude to Almighty for giving me the

strength for the successful completion of the project.

I express my heartfelt gratitude to my parents for constant encouragement

while carrying out this project.

I gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the individuals who

brought this project up to this level.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to our luminary Principal,

MS. SUNITHA DEVI and DWPS Management who have been
continuously motivating and extending their helping hands to us.

I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my Computer Science

facilitator, MS. S. NACHIYAR, who has been instrumental to the
success of this project and has been a constant support.

The guidance and support received from all the members who
contributed and who are contributing to this project, was vital for the
success of the project. I am grateful for their constant support and help.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
S DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
.
N
O
1 INTRODUCTION

2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

3 PROPOSED SYSTEM

4
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN LIFE CYCLE

5 PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

6 PYTHON

8 FLOW CHART

9 SOURCE CODE

1 OUTPUT
0
1 TESTING
1
1 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
2
1 BIBLIOGRAPHY
3
 STUDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

The Student management system (SMS) is an integrated

software that handles different directions of clinic workflows. It manages the
smooth healthcare performance along with administrative, medical, legal
and financial control. That is a cornerstone for the successful operation of
the healthcare facility.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The project “Student management system” is aimed to develop to

maintain the day-to-day state of admission/discharge of patients, list of
doctors, reports generation and etc. It is designed to achieve the following
objectives:
1) A student management system stores and tracks
students' workload, personal information, grades, record, and more..
2) streamlining the work and tracking all the
data generated by a student, consolidating everything into one system
rather than multiple records.

3) Scheduling the appointment of patient with

doctors to make it convenient for both.

4) The inventory should be updated automatically

whenever a transaction is made.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Today one cannot afford to rely on the fallible human beings to really want to
stand against today’s merciless competition where not to be wise saying “to err is
human '' no longer valid, it’s outdated to rationalize your mistake. So, to keep pace
with time, to bring about the best result without malfunctioning and greater
efficiency so to replace the unending heaps of flies with a much-sophisticated hard
disk of the computer.

One has to use the data management software. Software has been an accent in
atomization various organizations. Many software products working are now in
markets, which have helped in making the organizations work easier and
efficiently. Data management initially had to maintain a lot of ledgers and a lot of
paperwork had to be done but now software production this organization has
made their work faster and easier. Now only this software has to be loaded on
the computer and work can be done.

This prevents a lot of time and money. The Work becomes fully automated
and any information regarding the organization can be obtained by clicking the
button. Moreover, now it's an age of computers and automation gives such an
organization a better look.
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)
 The systems development life cycle is a project management
technique that divides complex projects into smaller, more easily managed segmentsor phases.
Segmenting projects allows managers to verify the successful completionof project phases
before allocating resources to subsequent phases. Softwaredevelopment projects typically
include initiation, planning, design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance
phases. However, the phases may bedivided differently depending on the organization
involved. For example, initialproject activities might be designated as request,
requirements-definition, andplanning phases, or initiation, concept-development, and
planning phases. Endusers of the system under development should be involved in reviewing
the output ofeach phase to ensure the system is being built to deliver the needed functionality.
PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

INITIATION PHASE
The Initiation Phase begins when a business pons or identifies a need or
an opportunity. The purpose of the Initiation Phase is to:
● Identify and validate an opportunity to improve business accomplishments
of the organization or a deficiency related to a business need.
● Identify significant assumptions and constraints on solutions to that need.
● Recommend the exploration of alternative concepts and methods to satisfy
the need including questioning the need for technology, i.e., will a change
in the business process offer a solution?
● Assure executive business and executive technical sponsorship. The
Sponsor designates a Project Manager and the business need is
documented in a Concept Proposal. The Concept Proposal includes
information about the business process and the relationship to the
Agency/Organization.
● Infrastructure and the Strategic Plan. A successful Concept Proposal
results in a Project Management Charter which outlines the authority
 of the project manager to begin the project.

Careful oversight is required to ensure projects support strategic business

objectives and resources are effectively implemented into an organization's
enterprise architecture. The initiation phase begins when an opportunity to add,
improve, or correct a system is identified and formally requested through the
presentation of a business case. The business case should, at a minimum, describe a
proposal’s purpose, identify expected benefits, and explain how the proposed system
supports one of the organization’s business strategies. The business case should also
identify alternative solutions and detail as many informational, functional, and
network requirements as possible.

SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The System Concept Development Phase begins after a business need or

opportunity is validated by the Agency/Organization Program Leadership

and the Agency/Organization CIO.

The purpose of the System Concept Development Phase is to:

● Determine the feasibility and appropriateness of the alternatives.

● Identify system interfaces.

● Identify basic functional and data requirements to satisfy the business need.

● Establish system boundaries; identify goals, objectives, critical

success factors, and performance measures.

● Evaluate costs and benefits of alternative approaches to satisfy the basic

functional requirements

● Assess project risks

● Identify and initiate risk mitigation actions, and develop high-level technical

architecture, process models, data models, and a concept of operations. This

phase explores potential technical solutions within the context of the business

need.

● It may include several trade-off decisions such as the decision to use COTS

software products as opposed to developing custom software or reusing

software components, or the decision to use an incremental delivery versus a

complete, one-time deployment.

● Construction of executable prototypes is encouraged to evaluate technology

to support the business process. The System Boundary Document serves as

an important reference document to support the Information Technology

Project Request (ITPR) process.

● The ITPR must be approved by the State CIO before the project can move

forward.
PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF SDLC:

PLANNING PHASE

The planning phase is the most critical step in completing development,

acquisition, and maintenance projects. Careful planning, particularly in the
early stages of a project, is necessary to coordinate activities and manage
project risks effectively. The depth and formality of project plans should be
commensurate with the characteristics and risks of a given project. Project
plans refine the information gathered during the initiation phase by further
identifying the specific activities and resources required to complete a project.
A critical part of a project manager's job is to coordinate discussions
between user, audit, security, design, development, and network personnel to
identify and document as many functional, security, and network requirements as
possible. During this phase, a plan is developed that documents the approach to be
used and includes a discussion of methods, tools, tasks, resources, project schedules,
and userinput. Personnel assignments, costs, project schedule, and target dates are
established.
A Project Management Plan is created with components related to
 acquisition planning, configuration management planning, quality assurance
planning, concept of operations, system security, verification and validation, and
systems engineering management planning.

REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS PHASE

This phase formally defines the detailed functional user requirements using
high-level requirements identified in the Initiation, System Concept, and
Planning phases. It also delineates the requirements in terms of data, system
performance, security, and maintainability requirements for the system. The
requirements are defined in this phase to a level of detail sufficient for systems
design to proceed. They need to be measurable, testable, and relate to the
business need or opportunity identified in the Initiation Phase. The requirements
that will be used to determine acceptance of the system are captured in the Test
and Evaluation Master Plan.

The purposes of this phase are to:

● Further define and refine the functional and data requirements and
document them in the Requirements Document,
● Complete business process reengineering of the functions to be supported
(i.e., verify what information drives the business process, what
information is generated, who generates it, where does the information
go, and who processes it),
● Develop detailed data and process models (system inputs, outputs, and the
process.
● Develop the test and evaluation requirements that will be used
to determine acceptable system performance.

DESIGN PHASE
The design phase involves converting the informational, functional, and
network requirements identified during the initiation and planning phases into
unified
 design specifications that developers use to script programs during the
development phase. Program designs are constructed in various ways. Using a
top-down approach, designers first identify and link major program components
and interfaces, then expand design layouts as they identify and link smaller
subsystems and connections. Using a bottom-up approach, designers first identify
and link minor program components and interfaces, then expand design layouts
as they identify and link larger systems and connections. Contemporary design
techniques often use prototyping tools that build mock-up designs of items such
as application screens, database layouts, and system architectures. End users,
designers, developers, database managers, and network administrators should
review and refine the prototyped designs in an iterative process until they agree
on an acceptable design. Audit, security, and quality assurance personnel
should be involved in the review and approval process. During this phase, the
system is designed to satisfy the functional requirements identified in the
previous phase. Since problems in the design phase could be very expensive to
solve in the later stage of the software development, a variety of elements are
considered in the design to mitigate risk.
These include:
● Identifying potential risks and defining mitigating design features.

● Performing a security risk assessment.

● Developing a conversion plan to migrate current data to the

new system.

● Determining the operating environment.

● Defining major subsystems and their inputs and outputs.

● Allocating processes to resources.

● Preparing detailed logic specifications for each software module. The

resultis a draft System Design Document which captures the preliminary

 design for the system.

● Everything requiring user input or approval is documented and

reviewed by the user. Once these documents have been approved by the

Agency CIO and Business Sponsor, the final System Design Document is

created to serve as the Critical/Detailed Designforthe system.

● This document receives a rigorous review by Agency technical and

functional representatives to ensure that it satisfies the business

requirements. Concurrent with the development of the system design, the

Agency Project Manager begins development of the Implementation Plan,

Operations and Maintenance Manual, and the Training Plan.

DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The development phase involves converting design specifications into

executable programs. Effective development standards include requirements that
programmers and other project participants discuss
design specifications before programming begins. The procedures help ensure
programmers clearly understand program designs and functional requirements.
Programmers use various techniques to develop computer programs. The large
transaction-oriented programs associated with financial institutions have traditionally
been developed using procedural programming techniques. Procedural programming
involves the line-by-line scripting of logical instructions that are combined to form a
program. Effective completion of the previous stages is a key factor in the success of
the Development phase. The Development phase consists of:
● Translating the detailed requirements and design into
system components.
 ● Testing individual elements (units) for usability.
● Preparing for integration and testing of the IT system.
INTEGRATION AND TEST PHASE

● Subsystem integration, system, security, and user acceptance testing is

conducted during the integration and test phase. The user, with those
responsible for quality assurance, validates that the functional
requirements, as defined in the functional requirements document, are
satisfied by the developed or modified system. OIT Security staff assess the
system security and issue a security certification and accreditation prior
to installation/implementation.

Multiple levels of testing are performed, including:

● Testing at the development facility by the contractor and

possibly supported by end users

● Testing as a deployed system with end users working together with

contract personnel

● Operational testing by the end user alone performing all

functions. Requirements are traced throughout testing; a final
Independent Verification & Validation evaluation is performed
and all documentation is reviewed and accepted prior to
acceptance of the system.
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

This phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by

the user. In this phase, the system is installed to support the intended business functions. System

performance is compared to performance objectives established during the planning phase.

Implementation includes user notification, user training, installation of hardware, installation of

software onto production computers, and integration of the system into daily work processes. This

phase continues until the system is operating in production in accordance with the defined user

requirement

OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PHASE

The system operation is on-going. The system is monitored for continued

performance in accordance with user requirements and needed system modifications
are incorporated. Operations continue as long as the system can be effectively
adapted to respond to the organization’s needs. When modifications or changes are
identified, the system may re-enter the planning phase.

The purpose of this phase is to:

● Operate, maintain, and enhance the system.

● Certify that the system can process sensitive information.
● Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure
the functional requirements continue to be satisfied.
● Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced, or retired.
 PYTHON
Python is a widely used general-purpose, high level programming
language. It was initially designed by Guido van Rossum in 1991 and developed by
Python Software Foundation. It was mainly developed for emphasis on code readability,
and its syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code. Python
is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more
efficiently.

Python designed by Guido van Rossum at CVI has become a widely used general-
purpose, high-level programming language.

PYTHON LANGUAGE FEATURES

● Interpreted

● There are no separate compilation and execution steps like C and C++,

● Directly run the program from the source code.

● Internally, Python converts the source code into an intermediate form

called bytecodes which is then translated into native language of a
specific computer to run it. No need to worry about linking and loading
with libraries, etc.
Platform Independent

● Python programs can be developed and executed on multiple operating

system platforms
● Python can be used on Linux, Windows, Macintosh, Solaris and many
more
Free and Open Source: Redistributable

● High-level Language

In Python, no need to take care about low-level details has managing the
memory used by the program
Simple:

● Closer to English language Easy to Learn

● More emphasis on the solution to the problem rather than the syntax

Embeddable:

Python can be used within C\C++program to give scripting capabilities for

theprogram's users.

Robust:

● Exceptional handling features

● Memory management techniques inbuilt

Rich Library Support:

Python Standard Library is very vast.

● Known as the "batteries included" philosophy of Python It can help do

various things involving regular expressions, documentation generation, unit
testing, threading, databases, web browsers, CGI, email, XML, HTML, WAV
files, cryptography, GUI and many more.

● Besides the standard library, there are various other high-quality libraries
such as the Python Imaging Library which is an amazingly simple image
manipulation library.
FLOWCHART
SOURCE CODE
OUTPUT SCREEN
 TESTING
Software Testing is an empirical investigation conducted to provide
stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test ,
with respect to the context in which it is intended to operate. Software Testing also
provides an objective, independent view of the software to allow the business to
appreciate and understand the risks at implementation of the software. Test techniques
include, but are not limited to, the process of executing a program or application with
the intent of finding software bugs.

It can also be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a

software program/application/product meets the business and technical
requirements that guided its design and development, so that it works as expected
and can be implemented with the same characteristics. Software Testing,
depending on the testing method employed, can be implemented at any time in the
development process, however the most test effort is employed after the
requirements have been defined and the coding process has been completed.

TESTING METHODS
Software testing methods are traditionally divided into black box testing and
white box testing. These two approaches are used to describe the point of view that
a test engineer takes when designing test cases.

BLACK BOX TESTING

Black box testing treats the software as a "black box," without any
knowledge of internal implementation. Black box testing methods include:
equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, all-pairs testing, fuzz testing,
model-based testing, traceability matrix, exploratory testing and specification-
based testing.
SPECIFICATION-BASED TESTING
Specification-based testing aims to test the functionality of software according
to the applicable requirements. Thus, the tester inputs data into, and only sees the
output from, the test object. This level of testing usually requires thorough test cases
to be provided to the tester, who then can simply verify that for a given input, the output
value (or behaviour), either "is" or "is not" the same as the expected value specified
in the test case. Specification-based testing is necessary, but it is insufficient to guard
against certain risks

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

The black box tester has no "bonds" with the code, and a tester's perception is
very simple: a code must have bugs. Using the principle, "Ask and you shall receive,"
black box testers find bugs where programmers don't.
But, on the other hand, black box testing has been

said to be "like a walk in a dark labyrinth without a flashlight," because the

tester doesn't know how the software being tested was actually constructed.

That's why there are situations when (1) a black box tester writes many test
cases to check something that can be tested by only one test case, and/or some parts
of the back end are not tested at all. Therefore, black box testing has the advantage of
"an unaffiliated opinion," on the one hand, and the disadvantage of "blind exploring,"
on the other.

WHITE BOX TESTING

White box testing, by contrast to black box testing, is when the tester has
access to the internal data structures and algorithms (and the code that implement
these)

Types of white box testing: -

The following types of white box testing exist:

● api testing - Testing of the application using Public and Private APIs.
● Code coverage - creating tests to satisfy some criteria of code coverage.

For example, the test designer can create tests to cause all statements in the program
to be executed at least once.

● fault injection methods.

● mutation testing methods.
● static testing - White box testing includes all static testing.
CODE COMPLETENESS EVALUATION

White box testing methods can also be used to evaluate the completeness of
a test suite that was created with black box testing methods. This allows the
software team to examine parts of a system that are rarely tested and ensures that
the most important function points have been tested.

Two common forms of code coverage are:

● Function Coverage: Which reports on functions executed and

● Statement Coverage: Which reports on the number of lines executed to
completethe test.

They both return coverage metric, measured as a percentage

 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

PROCESSOR PENTIUM(ANY)/AMDATHLON

(3800+- 4200+DUALCORE)

MOTHERBOARD 1.845 OR 915,995 FOR PENTIUM OR MSI

RAM 512MB+ HARD DISK SATA 40 GB OR ABOVE

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

I. Windows OS 10

II. Python 3.11 or later versions

 BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Following books, websites have been for reference in the course of preparing the project
report,
TEXT BOOKS :
1. Computer science With Python - Class XI By : Sumita Arora

2. Computer science With Python – Class XI By: Preeti Arora

3. NCERT Books

ONLINE RESOURCES:

@ https://www.w3resource.com

@ WWW.PYTHON.ORG

@ www.geeksforgeeks.org