Mathematics

Quarter 1 – Module 10:

Graphing Linear
Equations

CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 10 Graphing a Linear Equation Given (a) Any Two Points; (b) the 𝒙
– and 𝒚 – Intercepts; (c) the Slope and a Point on the Line
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Fritch A. Paronda

Language Editor: Merjorie G. Dalagan
Content Evaluator: Melody C. Gapa
Layout Evaluator: Jake D. Fraga
Reviewers: Rhea J. Yparraguirre, Lewellyn V. Mejias, Severiano D. Casil, Villaflor D. Edillor,
Florangel S. Arcadio, Alma R. Velasco, Crisante D. Cresino, Juliet P. Utlang,
Mercedita D. Gonzaga
Illustrator: Fritch A. Paronda
Layout Artist: Fritch A. Paronda, Jake D. Fraga
Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas, Isidro M. Biol, Jr., Maripaz F. Magno,
Josephine Chonie M. Obseñares, Josita B. Carmen, Celsa A. Casa,
Regina Euann A. Puerto, Bryan L. Arreo, Leopardo P. Cortes,
Lieu Gee Keeshia C. Guillen, Claire P. Gonzaga

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E-mail Address: [email protected]
 8

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 10:
“Graphing Linear
Equations”
 What I Need to Know

In this module, you will recognize the different methods of graphing a linear
equation in two variables as an important tool to understand, visualize, and
assess easily a linear equation. The scope of this module enables you to use
it in many different learning situations. The lesson is arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can
be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of key

concepts of linear equations in two variables.

Performance Standards: The learner is able to formulate real-life problems

involving linear equations in two variables and solve these problems
accurately using a variety of strategies.

Learning Competency: The learner graphs a linear equation given (a) any
two points: (b) the x - and y – intercepts; (c) slope and a point on the line.

Learning Code: M8AL-If-2

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the three methods of graphing a linear equation;
2. graph a linear equation given any two points, x- and y-intercepts, the
slope and a point; and
3. select any method in graphing linear equations in dealing with real life
problems.

1 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 What I Know
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which is TRUE about a linear equation?

A. It is an equation which has two solutions.
B. It is an equation whose graph is a parabola.
C. It is an equation having a polynomial of degree 1.
D. It is an equation having a polynomial of degree 2.
2. What do you call the graph of a linear equation?
A. ellipse C. line
B. hyperbola D. parabola
3. The following methods can be used in graphing a linear equation
EXCEPT:
A. slope
B. two points
C. slope and a point
D. 𝑥 and 𝑦- intercepts

4. Which of these linear equations represent the

graph?
A. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2
B. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 − 2
2
C. 𝑦 = 3 𝑥 + 3
2
D. 𝑦 = − 3 𝑥 − 3

5. What does the graph look like when points (2, −3) and (−4,1) are
plotted and connected on the Cartesian Plane?

A. . C.

B. . D.

2 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
6. Which of the following is the graph of the equation 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3 ?

A. . C.

B. . D.

7. Which line passes through the points (1,3) and (−1,5)?

A. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 4 C. 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 4
B. 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4 D. 𝑦 = −𝑥 − 4

8. What is the graph of a linear equation whose slope is 2 and passes

through point (−2,0)?

A. . C.

B. . D.

3 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
9. What does the graph look like if the 𝑥 and 𝑦- intercepts of the linear
equation are (4,0) and (0,5), respectively?

A. . C.

B. . D.

10. Which of the following shows the graph of a line whose slope is −2
and contains the point (4, −1)?

A. . C.

B. . D.

4 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 11. Which of the following shows the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 5?

A. . C.

B. . D.

For items 12-14, consider the graph below.

12. What is the 𝑥-intercept of the graph?

2
A. −3 C. −
3
2
B. −2 D. 3

13. What is the 𝑦-intercept of the graph?

A. −3 C. 2
B. −2 D. 3

5 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
14. Which of the following linear equations represents the graph?
2 3
A. 𝑦 = − 3 𝑥 − 2 C. 𝑦 = − 2 𝑥 − 3
2 3
B. 𝑦 = 3 𝑥 + 2 D. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 3

15. Due to oil price rollback, Keren fills her car with 35 liters of unleaded
gasoline. On the average, her car consumes 10 liters of fuel per hour of
travel. Which of the following graphs represent the fuel left in her car
(𝑦), after driving for (𝑥) hours?

A. C.

B. D.

6 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 Lesson Graphing a Linear Equation Given
(a)Any Two Points; (b)the 𝒙- and 𝒚 –
1 Intercepts; (c) the Slope and a Point
on the Line
A first-degree polynomial equation in two variables is said to be a linear
equation. The graph of linear equation is a line. It can be drawn in the
coordinate plane using different methods such as using any two points on the
line, x and y-intercepts on the line, and a slope and a given point.

What’s In

Recall that, the Cartesian Plane consists of two perpendicular lines x-

axis and y-axis intersecting at the origin. The position, direction, and distance
of all points in the plane relative to the origin are given by its coordinates, the
ordered pair (x, y). The 𝑥-coordinate or abscissa of a point is its horizontal
distance from the origin. The 𝑦-coordinate or the ordinate of a point is
its vertical distance from the origin. Hence, dividing the plane into four regions,
Quadrant I, II, III, and IV. Then, any point of the plane can be described
using ordered pair of numbers.

Thus, the ordered pair (4, 3) is located at quadrant I as it is shown

below.

Plot the following ordered pairs on the Cartesian Plane.

1. (2,1)
2. (1,0)
3. (3,2) (4,3)
4. (−1, −2)
5. (−3, −4)

7 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 What’s New

In this activity, you will be able to learn the different ways of drawing a
line. This will also guide you on how to graph a linear equation using different
methods.

Activity: Let’s Begin…

Do as directed. Use a graph paper.

1. Plot the ordered pairs (2, −3) and (3, 5) on the Cartesian Plane. Draw a
line that passes through these points and label it 𝑙1 .

Questions:
a. What have you observed after drawing a line through the given
points?
b. What have you realized about the number of points that we need so
that a line can be drawn? Explain briefly.

2. Given the equation 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 4. If you let 𝑥 = 0, what is the value of 𝑦? On

the other hand, if you let 𝑦 = 0, what is the value of 𝑥? Plot these two
points on a Cartesian Plane. Draw a line that passes through these
points and label it 𝑙2 .

Questions:
a. How did you find the value of x and y in the linear equation 𝑦 = 𝑥 +
4.?
b. Why did you need to find the value of x and y? Expound your answer

3. The line has a slope of 2 and passes through point (2,4). Show the graph
by plotting the points on the Cartesian Plane? Label the graph as 𝑙3 .

Questions:
a. Is it possible to show the graph if you have a slope of 2 and passes
through point (2,4)? Why?

b. How will you graph if you are given a slope of 2 and passes through
point (2,4) respectively?

8 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 What is It

A linear equation in two variables can be written either in the form 𝐴𝑥 +

𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 or 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 where A, B, and C are real numbers, and A and B are
not equal to zero. Graphing linear equations can be done using any of the
three methods.

1. Using any two points on the line

2. Using 𝑥 and 𝑦- intercepts
3. Using the slope and a point

Using Any Two Points

One method of graphing a linear equation is using any two points.

Remember that two points are enough to draw the graph of a linear equation.

Line Postulate
Two points determine a line.

Example 1

Graph the linear equation 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3 .

Solution:

You may assign any two arbitrary values of 𝑥, say 0 and 1, and then solve for
the corresponding value of 𝑦.

By substitution,

𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3 When 𝑥 = 1
𝑦 = 2(0) − 3 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3
𝑦 =0−3 𝑦 = 2(1) − 3
𝒚 = −𝟑 𝑦 =2−3
𝒚 = −𝟏

9 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 The solution shown above implies
that if 𝑥 = 0, then 𝑦 = −3. Also, if 𝑥 = 1, then
𝑦 = −1. Thus, the ordered pairs are (0, −3)
and (1, −1), respectively. This means that
the line passes through these points.
Plot these points and draw a line (1,-1)
through them.

(0,-3)

Using 𝒙 and 𝒚-intercept

Another way of graphing a linear equation in two variables is by using

the 𝑥-intercept 𝒂 and the 𝑦-intercept 𝒃. The 𝑥 and 𝑦- intercepts of the line
could represent two points, which are (𝒂, 𝟎) and (𝟎, 𝒃). So, the intercepts are
enough to draw the graph of a linear equation.

Note

The 𝒙-intercept is the abscissa of the point where the

graph or line crosses the 𝑥-axis. This implies that the point is
on the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 then the ordinate is 0, (𝑥, 0). Similarly, since the
𝒚-intercept is the ordinate of the point where the graph or line
crosses the 𝑦-axis, this implies that the point is on the 𝑦-axis,
hence, the abscissa is 0, (0, 𝑦).

Example 2

Graph the linear equation 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3.

Solution:

To find the 𝑥-intercept of a line given its equation, let 𝑦 = 0, then solve for 𝑥.
To find the 𝑦-intercept, let 𝑥 = 0, then solve for 𝑦.

10 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
Letting 𝑦 = 0, the equation 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3 becomes;

0 = 2𝑥 − 3 Substitution

0 + (−2𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 − 3 + (−2𝑥) Inverse Property for Addition

0 − 2𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 3 − 2𝑥 Distributive Property

0 − 2𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 3 Commutative Property

0 − 2𝑥 = (2𝑥 − 2𝑥) − 3 Associative Property for Addition

0 − 2𝑥 = 0 − 3 Simplified

−2𝑥 = −3 Identity Property for Addition

1 1
(2) (−2𝑥) = (2) (−3) Inverse Property for Multiplication
3
−𝑥 = − 2 Simplified

3
(−1)(−𝑥) = (−1) (− 2) Multiplication Property

𝟑
𝒙=𝟐
3 3
Hence, the 𝑥 -intercept is 2. In symbol, 𝑎 = 2. Then the point in the 𝑥 - axis is
3
(2 , 0).

To find the 𝑦-intercept, let 𝑥 = 0, then solve for 𝑦.

Letting 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3 becomes;

𝑦 = 2(0) − 3 Substitution

𝑦 = 0−3 Identity Property for Addition

𝒚 = −𝟑

Hence, the 𝑦-intercept is −3. In symbol, 𝑏 = −3. The point in the 𝑦-axis is
(0, −3).

3
The 𝑥-intercept 𝒂 is while the 𝑦-intercept
2
𝒃 is -3.
x-
intercept
Now, plot the 𝑥 and 𝑦-intercepts, then
draw a line that passes through them.

y-
intercept

11 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
Using Slope and One Point

Graphing linear equation can also be done using the slope and one
point.

Example 3

Graph the line whose slope is 2 and contains the point (−1, −5).

Solution:

1. Plot the given point. (−1, −5)

𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
2. Use the slope formula 𝑚 = to
𝑟𝑢𝑛
identify the rise and the run.
The slope of the line is 2 which is
2
equal to .
1
Note: If the slope is positive, the
graph moves upward; if the slope is run= 1

negative, the graph moves rise= 2

B (0,-3)

downward.
3. Starting at the given point (−1, −5), A (-1,-5)

count out the rise (2 units up) and

run
(1 unit to the right) to mark the second point. (Note that the slope is
positive)
4. Draw a line passing the points.

What’s More

Activity 1: Using Two Points

Graph each linear equation that passes through the given pair of points. Use
graph paper.

1. (2, 2) and (4, 5) 3. (-1, 2) and (5, 0)

1 3
2. (0, 2) and (2, 2) 4. (-5, -3) and (-3, 5)

12 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
Questions:

a. What did you feel as you performed the activity?

b. Were you able to plot the given pair of points on the Cartesian Plane?
c. Did you find any difficulty in the conduct of the activity? Elaborate
your answer.

Activity 2: Using 𝒙-Intercept and 𝒚-Intercept

Using a graph paper, graph each linear equation whose 𝑥-intercept 𝑎 and 𝑦-
intercept 𝑏 are given below, then answer the questions that follow.

1. 𝑎 = -2 and 𝑏 = -4 3. 𝑎 = 3 and 𝑏 = -5
2. 𝑎 = 1 and 𝑏 = 3 4. 𝑎 = 4 and 𝑏 = 2

Questions:

1. Were you able to graph a line given the intercept? How did you graph
a linear equation whose 𝑥 and 𝑦- intercepts are given?
2. Is graphing a linear equation given its 𝑥- and 𝑦- intercepts easy? Why
or why not?

Activity 3: Using Slope and One Point

Graph each linear equation given slope 𝑚 and a point, then answer the
questions that follow. Use graph paper.

3
1. (3, 1) and 𝑚 = 2 3. (0, 1) and 𝑚 = 2
2. (-1, 4) and 𝑚 = -1 4. (2, -1) and 𝑚 = -3

Questions:

1. Were you able to graph a line given a slope and a point?

2. How did you graph a linear equation whose slope and a point are
given?

13 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 What I Have Learned

Fill in the diagram below the steps in graphing a linear equation using
different methods.

Using Two Points

STEPS
1

Using x- and y- Intercepts

STEPS
1

Using Slope and One Point

STEPS
1

14 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 What I Can Do

Direction: Read and analyze the problem, then give what is asked.

Problem

Mr. Vasco operates a bike rental service in the park. Initially it costs Php
15 to rent a bike, and an additional Php 5 for every hour you use it. Brian
rent a bike for 4 hours, how much will he pay? Plot the points in the
graph paper.

Solution:

Equation:

Questions:
1. How much did you spend after 4 hours?
2. What method did you use in graphing the linear equation?

15 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 Assessment

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer for each item below
and write them on your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following is true about the graph of a linear equation?

A. It is a line.
B. It is an ellipse.
C. It is a parabola.
D. It is a hyperbola.

2. Which of the following shows the graph of the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = −3?

A. . C.

B. . D.

3. Which linear equations represents the graph?

2
A. 𝑦 = − 3 𝑥 + 1 C. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
3
B. 𝑦 = − 2 𝑥 + 1 D. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2

16 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
4. Which of the following shows the graph of a line whose slope is 3 and
passes through point (2,1)?

A. C.

B. . D.

5. Which line passes through the points (−1, 0) and (0, −2)?

A. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 2
B. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 2
C. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 2
D. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 2

6. What does the graph of the line look like if the 𝑥 and 𝑦-intercepts are
(2,0) and (0,2), respectively?

A. C.

B. . D.

17 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
7. Which of the following shows the graph of the equation 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 5?

A. C.

B. . D.

8. What is the slope of the linear equation whose graph is shown below?

A. 3
B. −3
1
C. 3
1
D. − 3

9. What are the intercepts of the linear equation whose graph is shown
below?

A. 𝑎 = 3; 𝑏 = 5
B. 𝑎 = 5; 𝑏 = 3
C. 𝑎 = −3; 𝑏 = −5
D. 𝑎 = −5; 𝑏 = −3

10. Which among the choices is the abscissa of a point?

A. 𝑥 − intercept
B. 𝑥 − coordinate
C. 𝑦 − intercept
D. 𝑦 −coordinate

18 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 3
11. What is the graph of the linear equation whose slope is − 4 and passes
through the point (−1, −2)?

A. C.

B. . D.

12. What are the intercepts of the linear equation whose graph is shown
below?

A. 𝑎 = 2; 𝑏 = −4
B. 𝑎 = 4; 𝑏 = −2
C. 𝑎 = −2; 𝑏 = −4
D. 𝑎 = −4; 𝑏 = −2

13. Which of the following linear equations represents the graph?

5
A. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 5
2
B. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 5
5
5
C. 𝑦 = − 2 𝑥 − 2
2
D. 𝑦 = 5 𝑥 − 2

14. You are asked by your teacher to graph the linear equation whose slope
and a point are given. What will you do first?

A. Plot the given point.

B. Draw a line passing the points.
C. Use the slope to identify the rise and the run.
D. From the given point, count out the rise and run.

19 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
 15. Miss Reyes provides math tutorial services. The initial charge for each
session is Php 150, with an additional fee of Php 50 per hour. Which of
the graphs below reflect the total tutorial session payment (𝑦)
in (𝑥) hours?

A. C.

B. D.

Additional Activities

Directions: Sketch the graph of each

linear equation using any of the three
methods presented. Use a graphing
paper.

1. 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3 = 0
1
2. 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 − 2
3
3. 𝑦 = − 2 𝑥 + 1

20 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10 21
What I have Learned Assessment What Can I Do
USING TWO POINTS Equation
Additional 1. Plot the given points on the 1. A
Activities Cartesian Plane. 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 15
2. B
2. Draw a line that passes through
3. A
these points.
USING x- AND y-INTERCEPTS 4. D
1. Solve the x- and y-intercepts by 5. D
letting y=0 and x=0, 6. A
respectively. 7. B
2. Plot the x- and y- intercepts on 8. A
the Cartesian Plane. 9. A
3. Draw a line that passes through 10. B
these points.
USING SLOPE AND A POINT
11. C
1. Plot the given point on the 12. B
Cartesian Plane. 13. A
2. Use the slope formula to identify 14. A
the rise and the run. 15. A
3. Starting at the given point, count
out the rise and run to mark the
second point.
4. Draw a line passing the points.
What’s More
Activity 3 What's New What I Know
Activity 1
1. C
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. D
9. A
Activity 2 10. D
11. A
12. A
13. B
14. A
15. A
Answer Key
References

Abuzo, Emmanuel P., Bryant, Merden L., Cabrella, Jem Boy B. Caldez, Belen
P., Callanta, Melvin M., Castro, Anastacia Preserfina I., Halabaso, Alicia
R., Javier, Sonia P., Nocom, Roger T., and Ternida, Conception S.
(2013). Grade 8 Mathematics Learners Module. pp. 181-183.
Philippines. Book Media Press, Inc. and Printwell, Inc.
Orines, Fernando B., et.al. (2017). Second Edition Next Century Mathematics,
pp. 101-105, Manila, Philippines.

22 CO_Q1_Mathematics8_M10
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