YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

DENEME – 25 6. Short-term memory records the information

in front of us right now, though a portion of
this seems to evaporate soon afterward; the
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere remainder ---- a process in the brain called
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. consolidation, which makes it permanent.

1. The printing press had a ---- effect on the A) goes through

transformation of cultural and religious B) gives off
issues in the Renaissance. C) gets away with
D) puts off
A) profound E) comes up with
B) redundant
C) controversial 7. The Weddellseal can swim under the ice ----
D) spiritual a depth of 500 metres ---- more than an hour
E) previous without coming up for air.

2. The element “zircon” has been important A) to / between

not only for understanding the age of the B) in / during
continents but also for ---- when life first C) at / for
appeared. D) on / through
E) with / about
A) determining
B) approving 8. ---- the same time as modern humans
C) providing pushed into Europe, some of the same
D) affording group that had paused ---- the Middle East
E) supporting spread east into Central Asia.

3. The boundaries of economics as a field of A) Of / for

study are not clear; that is, no one has ever B) About / in
succeeded in ---- defining the scope of C) With / at
economics. D) During / to
E) On / through
A) fiercely
B) rarely 9. Almost 2 million people die ---- tuberculosis
C) hardly (TB) each year, mostly in developing
D) greatly countries lacking access ---- fast, accurate
E) clearly testing technology.

4. Statistics concerning the ---- of wages and A) from / at

salaries show that the incomes of females B) about / with
are distinctly lower than those of males. C) of / to
D) by / in
A) involvement E) with / through
B) payment
C) recurrence 10. Much of the immune system‘s machinery is
D) inclination geared towards killing or eliminating
E) rejection invading microbes ---- they have been
recognized.
5. You’ve got a long journey ahead of you so
you ought to ---- early in the morning. A) once
B) although
A) turn up C) even if
B) go by D) in case
C) make out E) whereby
D) break through
E) set out

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11. Research evidence suggests that, in their 16. Russia ---- earlier this week that it ---- all its
games, girls show preference for home- troops out of Georgia.
centered interests ---- boys are drawn to
more naughty and dangerous themes and A) had announced / pulled
plots. B) announces / would have pulled
C) announced / had pulled
A) unless D) is announcing / has pulled
B) when E) has announced / was pulling
C) as though
D) whereas 17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
E) now that numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
12. ---- surgeons in France had performed the
first partial face transplant late in November, Probably every literate person is familiar with the
psychologists began to question whether famous relativity equation: E=mc2. (17) ---- by Albert
the patient was mentally stable enough to Einstein in 1905, this equation has been used by
handle the stressful, high-risk procedure. many scientists. In fact, it is (18) ---- formula in
modern physics. (19) ---- no new theory has as yet
A) Suppose that invalidated this fundamental equation, though
B) So long as physicists are (20) ---- testing its validity by means
C) As soon as of experiments. The latest one of (21) ----
D) Because experiments was conducted last year at the Institut
E) If Laue-Langevin.

13. Anyone who wonders ---- the newborn baby 17.

senses touch or experiences pain should A) To be formulated
watch the baby’s reaction to a heel prick for B) To formulate
a blood sample. C) Formulating
D) Formulated
A) whereby E) Having formulated
B) whether
C) until 18.
D) in case A) more famous than
E) what B) the most famous
C) most famous
14. Sea bindweed Calystegia soldanella ---- a D) more famous
fleshy leaved cousin of the more E) famous
widespread, white flowered hedge bindweed
(C. sepium) that ---- fences and hedges 19.
everywhere in the summer. A) However
B) Although
A) might be / had clothed C) Nevertheless
B) is / clothes D) Still
C) should be / has clothed E) Moreover
D) could be / would have
20.
15. Although archaeological exploration of Tibet A) effortlessly
----, evidence of civilization in the region ---- B) continually
back to at least 4000 B.C. C) recklessly
D) fundamentally
A) was limited / will have to date E) strongly
B) is limited / had dated
C) had been limited / has dated 21.
D) has been limited / dates A) most
E) will be limited / must have dated B) any
C) whose
D) such
E) as such

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22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
27. A number of countries have increasingly
London, which is the largest city in Europe, is home turned to nuclear power ----.
to about seven million people. (22) ---- by the
Romans in the 1st century A.D. as an administrative A) instead of responding to price rises due to
centre and trading port, the capital is now the main the high rate of the dollar since 2011
residence of the British monarchs, and the centre of B) in addition to the recent energy crisis
government. (23) ---- possessing many museums unfolding in northern African states
and art galleries, London has many other C) due to reliance on hydraulic power plants in
attractions, which make it an exciting city, (24) ---- a some parts of the country
wide variety of entertainment. Various cultural D) regardless of its potential uses in generating
developments that have taken place recently (25) --- a great amount of energy at power plants
- to the city’s range of attractions. However, there E) in spite of a temporary drop in its use
are many other (26) ---- towns to explore, such as following the1986 Chernobyl Disaster
the historic centres of York and Bath.
28. Dehydration is not as likely as over
22. hydration to present a life-threatening
A) Represented situation, ----.
B) Destroyed
C) Followed A) since drinking water is one of the best ways
D) Changed to maintain a healthy life
E) Founded B) which means no lasting adverse effects on
the person consuming it
23. C) though it can contribute to a problem, heat
A) In addition to stroke, when the temperature is high
B) Rather than D) if preventing them depends entirely on
C) Compared to medical attempts
D) In case of E) while great amounts of weight losses are
E) Contrary to typical of people who exercise a lot

24. 29. A regimen of mineral supplements should

A) by be discontinued, ----.
B) with
C) in A) if it has negative results in terms of one’s
D) from health
E) about B) now that clinics work with health care
practitioners who recommend minerals
25. C) when the chronic symptoms of an illness
A) had added are described in detail
B) were adding D) whether the patient has regular follow-up
C) have added visits to maintain his good health
D) will add E) while a blood test can warn the practitioner
E) should have added before things get worse

26.
A) competitive
B) dominant
C) efficient
D) fascinating
E) vague

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30. The study of the effects that an audience 33. Whereas the over useof antibiotics can lead
has on our behaviour remains an important to the spread of drug-resistant bacteria, ----.
topic for social psychology, ----.
A) the practice of using sufficient doses is still
A) while any other form of distraction could the most effective method in the treatment
produce other effects as well of bacterial infections
B) since it is unlikely that the fear of speaking B) the germs that survive are typically those
in front of an audience will be studied more that happen to bear genetic mutations for
than other types of fear resisting the antibiotics
C) whereas people are assumed to narrow the C) resistant strains produced in animals
focus of their attention when they eventually find their way into people since
experience attention overload bacteria are found everywhere
D) as much of our behaviour occurs in the D) careless use of drugs contributes to drug-
physical presence of others as spectators resistant infection leaving us defenceless
E) even though motivation loss has been against dangerous bacteria
identified as the major factor in the E) the patients in whom they occur may have
decrease of academic success to live with the risk of many untreatable
infections for an uncomfortably long time
31. Many elderly people have no hint of
Alzheimer’s disease, ----. 34. When the plants are in flower, and you want
to show them off at their best, ----.
A) for example, anxiety and frustration over
their failing memory results in aggression A) fertilizers are most useful to help a plant
B) but some daily activities such as bathing bloom
and dressing become challenging in the late B) be sure to protect your furniture by placing
stages the plant pots on waterproof pads
C) because disruption of brain cell function C) clean their leaves and trim off the brown tips
begins in regions involved in forming new with sharp scissors
memories D) remove all the flowers by pulling them off
D) then they may have difficulty in E) they need more air circulation and daylight
understanding visual images and spatial
relationships 35. Despite the gloomy market predictions of
E) so it is not an inevitable consequence of some observers of the pharmaceutical
aging as most people believe it to be industry, ----.

32. Whether you lift your coffee cup or watch A) the sector’s giants face such a severe
your co-worker lift his, ----. decline in sales that their entire business
model is collapsing
A) some brain disorders are assumed to be B) the fundamental question is whether it is still
characterized by a deficit in communication worthwhile to invest in pharmaceutical
skills science
B) the neurons that exist in your brain respond C) the chairman of the biggest Swiss drugs
in similar ways to both actions firm is convinced that new biotechnological
C) particular neurons are responsible for advances represent a huge business
humans’ ability to feel empathy and opportunity
compassion for others D) half of all the known diseases in the world,
D) scientists have been able to identify which both physical and mental, cannot be
parts of the brain are most vulnerable to medically treated at all
disease E) the development of drugs that are tailored to
E) a brain imaging study found that some individuals will involve tying manufacturing
primates are able to do much more than to the results of genetic tests
mimicking people

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36. ----, which is categorized by insulin 38. By the 18th century, scientists in various
resistance and is a key factor in the disciplines had used various approaches to
development of many vascular diseases. calculate the earth’s age and reached
different conclusions.
A) Lowering triglyceride levels is often the first
tactic in restoring coronary health A) 18. yüzyıl itibarıyla, birçok farklı alanda
B) Nitric oxide allows healthy blood vessels to çalışmış olan bilim adamları yeryüzünün
relax and thus ensure smooth blood flow yaşını bazı yöntemlerle hesaplayarak farklı
C) The presence of a key enzyme within sonuçlara ulaşmışlardı.
bloodvessel walls maintains an even heart B) 18. yüzyıldan sonra, farklı alanlarda çalışan
rate bilim adamları yeryüzünün yaşını değişik bir
D) Hypertension is one of the dangerous şekilde hesaplayabilmek için çeşitli
disorders making up the metabolic yöntemler denemişler ve her biri önemli
syndrome sonuçlara ulaşmışlardı.
E) Non-alcoholic fatty liver is a constellation of C) Farklı alanlardaki bilim adamları, 18.
conditions linked to higher death rates yüzyıldan sonra yeryüzünün yaşını
hesaplamak için çeşitli yöntemler
37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye denemişler ve sonunda istedikleri sonuçlara
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe ulaşmışlardı.
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi D) 18. yüzyılın hemen başında, bilim adamları
bulunuz. yeryüzünün yaşını hesaplamak için farklı
alanlardaki çeşitli yöntemleri kullanmışlar ve
37. Minority representatives in any political böylelikle istedikleri sonuçlara ulaşmışlardı.
establishment must be made to feel that E) 18. yüzyıl itibarıyla, çeşitli alanlardaki bilim
their interests are sufficiently protected. adamları yeryüzünün yaşını hesaplamak
için çeşitli yöntemler kullanmışlar ve farklı
A) Herhangi bir siyasal kuruluşta, azınlık sonuçlara ulaşmışlardı.
temsilcileri, çıkarlarının tam olarak
korunduğunu hissetmelidirler. 39. Old Turkish houses are the structural
B) Herhangi bir siyasal kuruluştaki azınlık cornerstones of Turkish urban culture which
temsilcilerine, çıkarlarının yeterince were formed over hundreds of years and are
korunduğu hissettirilmelidir. still alive at present.
C) Herhangi bir siyasal kuruluşun azınlık
temsilcileri, çıkarlarının olabildiğince A) Yüzlerce yılda oluşan Türk kent kültürünün
korunduğunu hissedebilmelidirler temel yapıta şiarından olan eski Türk evleri,
D) Azınlık temsilcileri, bir siyasal kuruluştaki günümüzde de bu özelliğini korumaktadır.
çıkarlarının tamamen korunduğunu B) Günümüzde de varlığını sürdüren eski Türk
hissetmelidirler evleri, yüzlerce yıllık Türk kent kültürünün
E) Bir siyasal kuruluş, azınlık temsilcilerine, oluşmasında en önemli rolü üstlenmişlerdir.
çıkarlarının tamamen korunduğunu C) Eski Türk evleri yüzlerce yılda oluşan Türk
hissettirmelidir. kent kültürünün temel yapıtaşlarıdır ve
günümüzde hâlâ varlığını sürdürmektedir.
D) Eski Türk evleri yüzlerce yılda oluşan Türk
kent kültürünün, hâlâ varlığını sürdüren
temel yapıtaşlarıdır.
E) Yüzlerce yılda oluşan Türk kent kültürünün
en önemli yapıtaşlarından sayılan eski Türk
evleri, günümüzde de varlığını
sürdürmektedir.

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40. Romantik akımın öncülerinden biri olan 42. En eski çağlardan beri kullanılmalarına
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, duyguyu akıldan rağmen alaşımlar, modern teknolojide hâlâ
daha yüksek bir düzeye koymuştur. vazgeçilmez bir yere sahiptir ve bilim
adamları özel nitelikli yeni alaşımlar
A) Jean-Jacques Rousseau, one of the leaders geliştirmeye devam etmektedir.
of the Romantic Movement, regarded
emotion as more important than reason. A) Although alloys have been used since the
B) Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who was one of earliest times, they still have an
the forerunners of the Romantic Movement, indispensable place in modern technology,
put emotion at a higher level than reason. and scientists continue to develop new
C) Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a forerunner alloys with special properties.
of the Romantic Movement and so he rated B) Alloys have been in use ever since the
emotion higher than reason. earliest times and are still essential for
D) Another forerunner of the Romantic modern technology, but scientists are hard
Movement was Jean-Jacques Rousseau, at work to develop new alloys with special
and he rated emotion higher than reason. properties.
E) Since he regarded emotion as higher than C) Although the use of alloys goes back to the
reason Jean-Jacques Rousseau is earliest times, scientists still continue to
recognized as a forerunner of the Romantic develop new alloys with special properties,
Movement. which have an indispensable place in
modern technology.
41. Aşağı yukarı aynı büyüklükte ve Güneş’e D) Even though alloys were used in ancient
aynı uzaklıkta olan Dünya ve Venüs sıklıkla times, it is in modern technology that they
ikiz gezegenler olarak nitelendirilir. have been most indispensable and,
therefore, scientists continue to work for the
A) It is usual to refer to Earth and Venus as development of new alloys with special
twin planets as they are almost the same properties.
size and distance from the Sun. E) Alloys have continuously been in use since
B) Since Earth and Venus are roughly the ancient times and are still of essential
same size and distance from the Sun it is importance for modern technology despite
only natural that they should be regarded as the fact that scientists continue to develop
twin planets. new alloys with special properties.
C) Earth and Venus, being roughly the same
size and distance from the Sun, are often
regarded as twin planets.
D) It is because they are exactly the same size
and distance from the Sun that Earth and
Venus are known as the twin planets.
E) By the twin planets we mean Earth and
Venus which are nearly the same size and
are equidistant from the Sun.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. We see from the passage that Hierapolis
th
cevaplayınız. was abandoned in the 14 century due to
----.

The ruins of Hierapolis, a once-grand city near

A) the poisonous gases given off by the
modern Denizli in Turkey, brilliantly bring into being
Plutonium spring
a picture of life in the early centuries of the modern
B) the earthquakes that kept recurring in the
era. It was here that the mix of pagan, Roman,
area
Jewish and early Christian elements evolved into a
C) the unending conflicts that took place
distinctly Anatolian environment. Founded around
among the peoples of different religions
190 B.C. by Eumenes II, King of Pergamum,
living there
Hierapolis was a cure centre that grew wealthy
D) the rise of the modern city of Denizli nearby
under the Romans and even more so under the
E) invasions by different foreign forces
Byzantines. It had a large Jewish community and an
early Christian church. Frequent earthquakes
46. It is clear from the passage that the city of
regularly brought disaster; after the one in 1334, the
Hierapolis became wealthier under
locals finally gave up and moved away. Near the
Byzantine rule ----.
Hierapolis Archaeology Museum stand the ruined
foundations of a Temple of Apollo. This temple had
A) through the contributions of every facet of
a spring called the Plutonium dedicated to Pluto,
the society there
Roman god of the underworld. The spring gives off
B) because of the miracles of the Plutonium
toxic vapours, and the temple priests would
spring
demonstrate its powers to visitors by throwing in
C) although this wealth was mostly centered
small animals and birds and watching them die.
around the early Christian population
D) than it had been under Roman rule
43. It can be inferred from the passage that,
E) especially due to its large Jewish
historically, visitors used to come to
community
Hierapolis in order to ----.

A) seek treatment for their illnesses

B) request aid from Eumenes II of Pergamum
C) throw animals into the Plutonium spring
D) become rich by doing business there
E) get a taste of the distinctly Anatolian
environment

44. It is pointed out in the passage that, by

visiting the ruins of Hierapolis, people ----.

A) can see a statue of King Eumenes II of

Pergamum near the Archaeology Museum
B) can be cured of all their diseases
C) can understand what life there must have
been like in the past
D) can understand the reasons why its people
deserted the place
E) can see the well-preserved Temple of
Apollo

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) the flexibility and efficiency of AI has
matched and even surpassed that of
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital
humans
computer or computer-controlled robot to perform
B) developing a system that has human-like
tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.
features will obviously remain an
The term is frequently applied to the project of
impossibility
developing systems endowed with the intellectual
C) humans are still better than computers in
processes characteristic of humans, such as the
such tasks as proving mathematical
ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or
theorems
learn from past experience. Since the development
D) despite the continuing advances, computer
of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has been
technology cannot be used efficiently in
demonstrated that computers can be programmed
fields such as voice or handwriting
to perform very complex tasks, such as discovering
recognition
proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess,
E) although a lot has been achieved, AI is as
with great proficiency. Still, although there are
yet in its infancy particularly when there is a
continuing advances in computer-processing speed
need for everyday knowledge
and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs
that can match human flexibility over wider domains
or in tasks requiring much everyday knowledge. On 50. According to the passage, some
the other hand, some extraordinary programs have outstanding AI applications ----.
attained performance levels beyond those of human
experts and professionals engaged in certain A) are fully-developed in terms of processing
specific tasks. AI, in this limited sense, is used speed and memory capacity
efficiently and found in applications as diverse as B) are not as efficient as desired in a number
medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and of fields, including medical diagnosis
voice or handwriting recognition. C) are soon to be employed in the
development of new and diverse systems
that reach beyond human flexibility
47. It can be understood from the passage that D) have surpassed the performance levels of
some programs equipped with AI ----. human experts
E) are still at the stage of safety testing before
A) perform certain tasks much better than they can be used in such fields as medicine
humans and computer sciences
B) have very limited memory capacity
C) successfully make use of much everyday
knowledge
D) have far more flexibility than is found in
human beings
E) are very limited in scope

48. According to the passage, AI ----.

A) matches human flexibility over domains

wider than ever before
B) is a term used to refer to certain human-like
features associated with intelligence in
manmade machines
C) refers to tasks associated with such
intelligent beings as humans
D) is used to describe humans’ ability to
reason, discover meaning, generalize, or
learn from past experience
E) has caused a decline in the overall
performance of humans with difficult tasks

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. One understands from the passage that the
cevaplayınız. Tudor dynasty in England ----.

A) was best represented by Henry VIII, who

The 16th century in England is generally known as
followed a policy of friendship with other
the Tudor period, which historically lasted from 1485
countries
to 1603. Among the famous Tudor sovereigns were
B) introduced a number of military reforms in
Henry VII, Henry VIII, and Elizabeth I. In fact, the
order to build the strongest army in Europe
early years of the Tudor period were marked by
C) focused its main attention on the
significant changes in trade and in the arts of war.
improvement of agriculture in the country
Henry VII made commercial treaties with European
D) was represented by powerful sovereigns,
countries. Economically, England, which had always
who played a leading role in European
been a sheep-raising country, was by now
politics
manufacturing and exporting significant amounts of
E) came to power in the late fifteenth century
cloth. As lands were enclosed to permit grazing on a
and ruled the country over a century
larger scale, people were driven off the land to the
cities, and London grew into a metropolitan market
54. It is clear from the passage that, due to
with sophisticated commercial institutions. These
developments in cloth-making in Tudor
changes had an impact on the traditional feudal
England, ----.
social order, which also began to decline; also, due
to the introduction of cannons and firearms, the
A) most farming lands were turned into grazing
feudal system of warfare became obsolete. Yet, it
fields for the sheep
would be a mistake to imagine these changes as
B) English merchants began to look for new
sudden and dramatic. In fact, it was a slow and long
markets in order to export more goods
process whereby England was transformed into a
C) rural people gave up farming and migrated
modern state.
to London in search of employment
D) the economic prosperity of the people
51. According to the passage, it was during the
increased enormously
Tudor period that ----.
E) many cities, including London, competed
with each other for economic prosperity
A) England’s overseas trade was adversely
affected by ongoing wars in Europe
B) feudalism in England was further
strengthened
C) England’s exports to European countries
were significantly in decline
D) sheep-raising was introduced into England,
which had large areas of grazing
E) London was transformed into a major trade
centre

52. It is pointed out in the passage that the

changes that took place in Tudor England ----.

A) were fundamentally inspired by the social

and economic developments already being
witnessed in Europe
B) had far-reaching effects on social and
economic life
C) were mainly confined to social life and
improved the efficiency of the feudal social
order
D) initially resulted from a revision of the
traditional arts of war that had depended on
the use of cannons and firearms
E) greatly reduced all the political and legal
powers that English sovereigns had
traditionally enjoyed and used

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. It is pointed out in the passage that, in most
cevaplayınız. professions, ----.

A) foods with a lot of fat should never be

The immediate cause of obesity is the prolonged
consumed
consumption of a diet containing more calories than
B) the amount of calories needed has
are needed to provide for the body’s tissue repair,
increased dramatically
vital functions and physical activities. In modern
C) people pay a lot of attention to the kind of
society, food has become very plentiful and
food they consume
attractive, and the physical effort demanded by
D) obesity has never been a serious concern
many occupations has diminished. Most people in
E) the amount of the physical effort previously
civilized communities eat more than they require,
required has declined
and it is surprising that obesity is not more common
than it is. It is difficult to escape the conclusion that
58. It is stressed in the passage that, if a diet
there exists some unknown mechanism by which
contains too many calories, ----.
the body is enabled to get rid of the surplus calories
which would otherwise be stored as fat. If there
A) the body becomes far more active and
were not such a mechanism, obesity would be much
healthy
more common.
B) in the long run, it will most likely lead to
obesity
C) it usually has a good effect on the body’s
55. According to the passage, it is not clear yet
vital functions
by what means ----.
D) its consumption should be stopped
immediately
A) fat is stored in the body and causes the
E) people in most civilized communities know
development of obesity
how to avoid obesity
B) obesity can be prevented most effectively or
treated properly
C) the vital functions of the body can be
maintained most efficiently
D) the consumption of calorie-rich foods can be
increased in civilized communities
E) the body is able to eliminate its extra
calories

56. One understands from the passage that

calories ----.

A) must be sufficient for the body to meet its

physical demands
B) are mainly derived from foods which are rich
in fat
C) are for the body to carry out its tasks and
activities
D) must be reduced so as to enable the body
to repair tissues
E) taken through the consumption of various
foods must always be limited

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. One learns from the passage that there are
cevaplayınız. ----.

A) many Chinese workers already employed in

Since 1993, China has invested in more than fifty oil
nearly thirty nations
and gas projects in some thirty nations. In particular,
B) several Chinese companies involved in oil
China has focused on acquisitions and partnerships
projects in the South China Sea
in Sudan and Iran. In Sudan alone, China has
C) a number of economic issues that China
reportedly spent $15 billion developing oil fields. In
faces in the South China Sea
the meantime, China has also begun to use its
D) many oil fields in Iran that have been
military to protect its oil investments abroad.
developed by China
Reportedly, troops disguised as oil workers patrol
E) areas in the South China Sea which are rich
Chinese oil infrastructure in Sudan. Moreover, in
in oil and gas
recent years, China has strengthened its military
presence in the oil-and gas-rich parts of the South
61. One understands from the passage that, just
China Sea, over which sovereignty is still disputed.
as the United States maintains its dominant
Perhaps most significant in the short term is China’s
position in Saudi Arabia and Iraq, so China
relationship with Iran. With Saudi Arabia and Iraq
----.
clearly within the American sphere of influence,
China has been steadily courting Tehran and aims
A) has made efforts to develop its partnership
to become the biggest buyer of Iranian oil. In return
with Iranian oil companies
for oil, China has supplied Iran not only with
B) is resolved to increase its military presence
conventional weapons but also with technology and
in some thirty countries
materials that can be used for the manufacturing of
C) has sought to establish closer economic
nuclear weapons.
relations with Iran
D) has decided to invest heavily in Iran’s
59. It is claimed in the passage that the Chinese various oil and gas projects
oil workers in Sudan ----. E) tries hard to persuade Iran to become an
ally in the region
A) have increased steadily because China has
acquired many oil and gas fields in this
62. It is clear from the passage that Iran’s
country
nuclear technology ----.
B) are, in fact, military personnel in disguise,
employed to protect the Chinese oil
A) has been aided by China through its
investments in this country
logistical support
C) have been employed in over fifty oil and gas
B) is not so advanced and efficient as that of
projects, for which China has already spent
China
billions of dollars
C) has been strongly criticized by the United
D) have been extremely efficient and built the
States
extensive oil infrastructure that this country
D) has been financed through its oil exports to
has
a number of countries
E) mostly prefer to work for the companies that
E) can develop fully even though China is not
China has set up in this country for
willing to cooperate
partnership in oil and gas projects

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Brenda :- Have you heard of the new Internet
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi technology that allows people to conduct a
bulunuz. search for information by entering a photo
taken with a mobile telephone into the search
engine?
63. Tim :- A recent study has found that, in
Ryan :- ----
the oil producing Arab countries in the Middle
Brenda :- Well, for example, sending a photo of
East, a quarter of the population lives below the
a nearby landmark building might give you a
poverty line, defined by the World Bank as
street map of the area.
earning less than $2 per day.
Ryan :- That would be useful if you were lost in
Tony :- Unbelievable. Despite record oil
a foreign city.
profits for those countries?
Tim :- ----
A) I can barely use my mobile to call someone,
Tony :- In that case, one can say that
let alone to send a picture over the Internet!
Arab governments have been negligent of their
B) Who told you that?
social responsibility.
C) What good would that be?
D) Oh, another new technology.
A) Yes, indeed. In fact, this clearly shows that
E) Don’t believe everything you read or see on
the current oil boom has not benefited the
the television.
average Arab citizen at all.
B) It is true that higher oil prices allow
66. Liz :- I am puzzled about why
governments to avoid making difficult
declining birth rates in the West have been
decisions.
accompanied by growing populations of older
C) Moreover, massive infrastructure and
adults.
housing projects have been undertaken.
Susan :- You are right. Actually, it is a
D) So far, open economies have done much
very complicated issue, and there is a wide
better than the closed ones.
range of reasons for it.
E) For instance, in the Gulf states, rising real
Liz :- ----
estate prices have pushed up rents and
Susan :- I don‘t know where to start. I
housing costs.
think one obvious reason is improved standards
of health care.
64. Marian :- Do you remember China’s “one
child” policy, where each family was allowed to
A) Thank you so much. I‘ll take your advice
produce only one child in order to reduce the
and do some research on the subject.
country’s population?
B) Exactly. You can perhaps outline some of
Helen :- Yes, of course I do. The policy
them for me.
has created a huge imbalance in the male-to-
C) I believe a new type of demographic crisis
female population ratio, due to the fact that
different from this confronts Western
many couples abort their female foetuses.
governments.
Marian :- ----
D) One can definitely see that globalization has
Helen :- It did, but only recently, and
a serious impact on the world‘s population.
many couples are still doing it even though it’s
E) Especially Asia‘s population as a whole has
against the law.
increased nearly four times over since 1900.
A) I think that abortion should be allowed only
in medical emergencies.
B) How can they bring themselves to do that?
C) Why don’t they want to have a girl?
D) Didn’t the couples think before deciding to
have a child?
E) But I thought the Chinese government made
abortion illegal.

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67. Judy :- What do you know about John 69. Mary was the only one who answered all the
Stuart Mill? questions correctly.
Tom :- As far as I can recall, he was
the most committed and influential defender of A) Mary should have been the one to answer
personal liberty in Victorian Britain in the 19th all questions correctly.
century. B) Everyone but Mary managed to answer all
Judy :- ---- questions correctly.
Tom :- Indeed, he was. He wrote many C) Mary wasn’t the only one to give the correct
essays on women‘s political rights. answer.
D) No one but Mary got the correct answer to
A) Agreed. In his On Liberty, he defended every question.
individual freedom in the face of the state E) Mary answered all the questions correctly,
and ―the tyranny of the majority. but so did several others
B) I know his On Liberty became one of the
defining texts of Western liberalism. 70. If I’d known how much the mechanic was
C) He strongly argued that human freedom going to charge me at this auto repair shop,
was essential to social progress. I’d have taken the car somewhere else.
D) Yet, for me, more importantly, he was a
dedicated supporter of suffrage for women. A) The price of the car service was so high that
E) Historically, the Reform bill of 1867 in Britain I decided to look for a more reasonably
marked the high point of British liberalism. priced auto repair shop.
B) I knew this was an expensive auto repair
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en shop, yet I didn’t look around for a cheaper
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. one.
C) If only I’d checked the prices of several auto
68. In extremely cold regions, many animals repair shops, I would have found a cheaper
hibernate, that is, they sleep through the one.
winter, because in this way they can D) I didn’t realize just how expensive this auto
survive. repair shop was, but if I had, I would have
gone somewhere else.
A) Many animals sleep through the winter, that E) We’d better go to another car mechanic, as
is, they hibernate, in really cold parts of the this auto repair shop is far too expensive.
world, as this makes it possible for them to
survive. 71. Much to our surprise, everyone arrived at
B) Hibernation, or the practice of sleeping right the meeting place on time, so this was a
through the winter, is a survival technique good start for the trip.
favoured by many animals in very cold
regions. A) Surprisingly enough, the trip turned out to
C) Many of the animals that hibernate, that is, be a great success even though there were
sleep through the long, cold winters, do so many late-comers.
from choice, not necessity. B) The trip began well as we were surprised to
D) When the winters are particularly cold, find that everyone had come to the meeting
many animals choose to hibernate, that is, place at the appointed time.
sleep through the long dark days and C) Everyone made a really big effort to get to
increase their chances of survival. the meeting place on time, so the trip had a
E) In order to survive in the coldest parts of the good start.
world, many animals are forced to D) The trip started well, with everyone at the
hibernate, or sleep through at least a part of meeting place on time, but then came some
the winter. unpleasant surprises.
E) We were little surprised that everyone had
arrived at the meeting place before the trip
began.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. Before treatment was available, most people
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek who had acute leukemia died within 4
cümleyi bulunuz. months of diagnosis. Now many people are
cured. ----. The disease returns in many, but
50 per cent of children show no signs of the
72. Although the European Parliament (EP)
leukemia 5 years after treatment.
can‘t initiate legislation, it has been granted
increased powers under successive
A) These symptoms include weakness and
European Union (EU) treaties. ----.. Germany
shortness of breath, resulting from too few
has recently proposed strengthening the
red blood cells; infection and fever, resulting
EP‘s hand in budgetary matters. Moreover,
from too few normal white blood cells; and
corporations and citizens‘ groups have been
bleeding, resulting from too few platelets
quick to recognize the parliament‘s
B) Common blood tests, such as the complete
increased powers, especially in
blood cell count, can provide the first
environmental and consumer protection,
evidence that a person has leukemia
and are dispatching more and more
C) However, a bone-marrow biopsy is almost
lobbyists to it.
always performed to confirm the diagnosis
and determine the type of leukemia
A) In 1997, France successfully petitioned the
D) For more than 90 per cent of people who
European Court of Justice to block efforts
have acute lymphocytic leukemia (usually
by the Parliament to meet eleven rather
children), the first course of chemotherapy
than twelve times annually in Strasbourg
brings the disease under control
B) In 1952, Strasbourg was designated the
E) They are released into the bloodstream and
meeting place of the EP‘s forerunner,
transported to the liver, spleen, lymph
known as the Common Assembly of the
nodes, brain, kidneys and reproductive
European Coal and Steel Community
organs, where they continue to grow and
C) On the other hand, the EP holds at least
divide
twelve of its sessions in Strasbourg and the
rest in Brussels, which is the headquarters
74. In finance, interest, which is a sum of money
of the EU
paid by a borrower to a lender in return for
D) Last year, the US mission to the EU was
the loan, is usually expressed as a
enlarged, and the American monitoring of
percentage per annum. ----. In compound
the EP‘s activities has since increased
interest, the interest earned over a period of
noticeably
time is added to the principal, so that at the
E) Thus, it can now approve, amend, or veto
end of the next period, interest is paid on
eighty per cent of the economic and social
that total.
regulations generated by the European
Commission
A) Nevertheless, certain problems remain in
perennial interest, and these fall into two
main groups
B) The theory of capital was not a matter of
primary concern to economists in the late
20th century
C) Simple interest is calculated as a straight
percentage of the amount loaned or
invested, called the principal
D) However, it may be expressed either in
Money terms or as a rate of payment
E) Various theories have been developed to
account for and justify interest

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75. In the United States, child abuse is by no 77. (I) Since the days of ancient Carthage, the
means a recent phenomenon, but the area that makes up present-day Tunisia has
identification of child battering as a social been an oasis of urbanity, relative prosperity,
problem and its definition as a crime did not and stable government. (II) Though lacking the
occur on a national level until the 1960s. ----. oil and natural gas of their Libyan and Algerian
Evidence began to accumulate that such neighbours, Tunisia‘s 9.6 million people are by
beatings were common and a major source some estimates sixty per cent middle class,
of injury for infants and children. with a poverty rate of only six per cent. (III)
Yearly economic growth rarely falls below five
A) One common result of intentional injuries is per cent, and inflation is about three per cent.
that abused children may be vigilant and (IV) "Africa", originally a Roman term, meant
feel threatened in a variety of situations – Tunisia long before it meant the continent. (V)
the world becomes a dangerous place Moreover, the World Economic Forum rates
B) Treating infants with skull and long bone Tunisia as the most competitive country in
fractures led paediatricians and radiologists Africa.
to recognize that these injuries were caused
by beatings A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
C) Children who fail to thrive, especially during
the first year of life, may never catch up 78. (I) Most episodes of illness with a fever in
developmentally or socially with their peers children are caused by viral infections, although
D) Violence is a more common cause of injury bacterial infections can also produce a fever.
and death in the United States than in other (II) The first symptom of a severe eye infection
industrialized nations, with violent crimes is usually swollen and red eyelids. (III) In fact, it
occurring at a rate of about 8 per 1,000 is often hard to distinguish a bacterial infection
people from a viral infection. (IV) Though bacterial
E) Abused children also tend to be fearful infections can be serious, they usually respond
about rejection, abandonment and readily to antibiotics. (V) Prompt diagnosis of a
additional abuse bacterial infection is thus important to ensure
prompt treatment.
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
79. (I) On 26 July 1956, Egypt seized the Suez
76. (I) When their nuclear fuel is exhausted, stars Canal. (II) Egypt‘s president at the time,
die, and the residual iron core collapses on Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser, announced the
itself. (II) The outcome of a star’s death nationalization of the Suez Canal Company.
depends on mass, however. (III) Stars with (III) His main aim was to provide funding for the
between 10 and 20 times the mass of the Sun construction of the Aswan High Dam. (IV)
collapse in a spectacular explosion known as a Violence is endemic in the Middle East even as
supernova, leaving behind a neutron star, the geopolitical landscape is changing rapidly.
whereas those larger than 20 solar masses (V) His unilateral decision led to the invasion of
implode to form black holes in a hypernova. (IV) the Canal area by a joint British and French
In both cases, copious bursts of neutrinos are force.
released along with optical, x-ray and gamma
radiation.(V) Recent studies indicate that some A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
massive stars may be rotating only slowly or
not at all. 80. (I) Britain’s largest robotics laboratory will open
in the autumn. (II) On the contrary, this one is to
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V be well funded.(III) Two universities are jointly
in charge of the project. (IV) There will be 50
researchers there aiming to develop intelligent,
independent robots.(V) These, it is hoped, will
work in a variety of areas ranging from social
care to industrial cleaning.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 26 6. More than 350, 000 people in the UK (25, 000

of them children) suffer from Type I
diabetes, an auto-immune condition that is -
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere --- by a variety of largely unknown genetic
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. and environmental factors.

1. China went through a long period of ---- A) taken part in

population growth. B) brought about
C) cut down on
A) delicate D) done away with
B) rigid E) got over
C) rapid
D) pleasant 7. In 1972, two collective burials ---- under an
E) comfortable overhanging rock at Qilakitsoq, a small Inuit
settlement on the west coast of Greenland, -
2. An attempt to ---- a poem should never be --- to about A.D. 1475.
made before the poem is well understood.
A) are discovered / dated
A) compare B) were discovered / dating
B) support C) have been discovered / having dated
C) determine D) had been discovered / having been dated
D) mean E) were being discovered / having to be
E) evaluate dated

3. Scientists and various organizations are ---- 8. Smoking ---- in almost all segments of the
working to develop vaccines for the top American population, so that, in various
three killer diseases: AIDS, malaria and polls, 60 to 65% of Americans ---- non-
tuberculosis. smokers today.

A) socially A) declines / may have been

B) suddenly B) has declined / are
C) recently C) had declined / would be
D) currently D) could have declined / will be
E) nearly E) declined / were

4. Around 40 per cent of the world’s 9. There ---- various indications that the
population is already suffering from water --- current financial crisis ---- a damaging effect
-, and it is estimated that more people will on technology companies.
be facing the same problem by the year
2025. A) are / is having
B) were / will have
A) challenges C) had been / has had
B) outcomes D) have been / would have had
C) means E) would have been / had had
D) supplies
E) shortages 10. If Australian conservationists ---- an
extensive preservation campaign back in
5. Because chemistry ---- all materials, it is a the 1960s, the population of saltwater
subject of enormous importance. crocodiles of the north ---- even less than
the present number of 100.
A) makes up
B) looks up A) have not implemented / is
C) runs over B) would not implement / would have been
D) deals with C) weren’t implementing / will have been
E) turns out D) weren’t implemented / will be
E) had not implemented / would be

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

11. There are several types of acquired dyslexia 16. ---- some cancers, the best therapy is a
(a language disorder), ---- adults find combination ---- surgery, radiation, and
themselves unable to read or find difficulty chemotherapy.
with certain types of words as a result of
brain damage. A) With / through
B) About / in
A) that C) For / of
B) in which D) At / within
C) wherever E) On / to
D) what
E) whenever

12. In veterinary medicine, federal governments

and professional associations keep data on
animal euthanasia and, ---- the research
results obtained so far, have developed
guidelines and procedures.

A) in the hope of
B) as of
C) in case of
D) in accordance with
E) on behalf of

13. ---- Charles Dickens himself had a very hard

childhood, he found it possible to write
novels which contain humour and have
happy endings.

A) If
B) Before
C) When
D) Although
E) Unless

14. ---- we live and grow, we learn the culture of

the society in which we live.

A) As
B) Since
C) Even though
D) When
E) Whereas

15. As it had in World War I, Argentina

proclaimed neutrality ---- the outbreak of
World War II, but in the closing phase it
declared war ---- the Axis powers.

A) over / after
B) for / with
C) at / on
D) about / through
E) from / above

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

The study of the buildings and other evidence of People who (22) ---- in malaria-infested areas or
administration at the centre of an ancient city gives who travel to them can take certain (23) ----. They
valuable information about the social, political and can use long-lasting insecticide sprays in homes
economic organization of society, as (17) ---- as a and outbuildings, place screens (24) ---- doors and
picture of the life style of the ruling elite. We can windows, use mosquito netting over their beds, and
identify and analyze their palaces and tombs, and apply mosquito repellents on their skin. They can
the evidence (18) ---- by craft specialists working (25) ---- wear enough clothing, (26) ---- after
(19) ----the direction of this elite class. Road sundown, to protect as much of the skin as possible
systems and lower-order administrative centres give against mosquito bites.
(20) ----information about the society’s social and
political structure. The study of the differences in the 22.
treatment given to different individuals at death, in A) reduce
both the size and wealth of grave offerings, can (21) B) live
---- the complete range of status distinctions in a C) discharge
society. D) expose
E) persist
17.
A) well 23.
B) soon A) precautions
C) good B) supplements
D) quickly C) occurrences
E) perfect D) setbacks
E) levels
18.
A) was left 24.
B) leaving A) beyond
C) to be left B) of
D) has been left C) with
E) left D) on
E) till
19.
A) on 25.
B) under A) either
C) below B) more than
D) above C) also
E) over D) as such
E) as well as
20.
A) also 26.
B) least A) similarly
C) further B) extraordinarily
D) plenty C) commonly
E) a bit D) fairly
E) particularly
21.
A) change
B) preserve
C) achieve
D) determine
E) reveal

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. More than half of the world’s coffee is grown
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. on small family farms in developing
countries ----.

27. ----, scientists wondered if they might

A) that large areas of forest have been cut
likewise benefit the retina, which has an
down to make this possible
embryologic association with the brain.
B) where coffee exports make up a significant
portion of the local economy
A) Unless patients suffering from neurological
C) since it is the middlemen who get a large
diseases object to their inclusion
percent of the profits
B) Since hormones are known to benefit brain
D) while for most people the quality of coffee is
health
important
C) Only if hormones naturally occurring in the
E) as long as weather conditions can be
body are taken into consideration
predicted
D) Although the restoration of optimal hormone
balance may well support eye health
31. The human ear is equipped to register
E) Whereas the human brain is greatly affected
sound frequencies between about 20 and
by a variety of hormones
20, 000 cycles per second ----.

28. Coal burning is responsible for 40 per cent

A) even if the inner ear consists of a
of the30 billion tonnes of carbondioxide ----.
complicated group of interconnected canals
and sacs
A) though it poses a huge threat to most
B) unless dogs and some other animals can
organisms
hear sounds of various frequencies
B) as if it were one of the major factors causing
C) while the ear is ten times more sensitive
global warming
than the eye
C) that is emitted by human activity every year
D) since one of the functions of the human ear
D) since we are all aware of the dangers of
is to help maintain equilibrium
climate change
E) although individuals vary greatly as regards
E) whereby plants and some animal species
their age and health
interact
32. Even though there was economic
29. Air pollution results mainly from human
dislocation as well as demographic
activity , ----.
collapse, ----.

A) but natural phenomena like volcanic

A) it may sound as if the situation was
eruptions also cause it
improving in developing countries
B) though humans play a major role in the
B) many international companies have adopted
contamination of the environment
austere policies
C) in case there are a variety of pollutants
C) the later Middle Ages was one of the most
causing it
creative and inventive periods in the history
D) while it is a very common problem in many
of western Europe
parts of the world
D) the growth of the global economy had made
E) since great progress has been made in
millions of workers redundant
methods to prevent it
E) some economists assert that technology
must be responsible for this problem

33. ---- when the atoms in substances rearrange

and combine into new substances.

A) The speeds of molecules in a gas vary over

a range of values
B) Atomic theory is central to chemistry
C) A chemical reaction occurs
D) The first metals used by man were probably
those that occurred naturally such as gold
E) A metal ore contains varying quantities of
economically worthless material

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34. If there was a 'Big Bang, ' that is, a huge 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
explosion in space some 15 billion years anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
ago, ----. cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz.
A) there are two other ways to find out the age
of the universe
37. Most people realize the importance of
B) a great deal of evidence has been offered
calcium forbone health, but they
C) it must have occurred simultaneously at all
underestimate the importance of vitamin D,
points in the universe
which fosters calcium absorption.
D) the ages of stars have been estimated to be
about 10 to 15 billion years
A) İnsanlar kalsiyumun kemik sağlığı için
E) over 90 per cent of the universe may be
önemini bilmelerine rağmen kalsiyumun
nonluminous dark matter
emilimini kolaylaştıran D vitaminini göz ardı
ederler.
35. Because analytic philosophy is so different
B) Pek çok insan kalsiyumun kemik sağlığı
from empirical research, ----.
üzerindeki etkisinin farkındadır ama
kalsiyumun emilimini güçlendiren D vitamini
A) each field is a rather new area of study for
genellikle bilinmez.
analysts
C) Kalsiyumun kemik sağlığı için önemi bilinir,
B) interdisciplinary studies have proven it
ancak kalsiyumun emilimini sağlayan D
invaluable
vitamini önemsenmez.
C) social scientists were of the same opinion
D) İnsanlar kalsiyumun kemik sağlığındaki
D) many new students engaging in it are
önemini bilmekle beraber kalsiyumun
greatly puzzled by it
emilimini D vitamininin kolaylaştırdığını
E) art appreciation has developed only recently
bilmezler.
E) Pek çok insan kemik sağlığı için kalsiyumun
36. While everyone unconsciously uses
öneminin farkındadır fakat kalsiyum
defence mechanisms, ----.
emilimini güçlendiren D vitamininin önemini
küçümser.
A) some people assume that they can deal
with problems on their own
38. The European Union is engaged in a variety
B) treatments differ according to the type of
of programmes all around the world to
personality disorder
promote and protect the rights of children,
C) people with a dependent personality avoid
particularly in countries where children are
undertaking responsibilities
affected by war.
D) drug therapy is frequently complicated by
misuse of the drugs or by suicide attempts
A) Tüm dünyada özellikle savaşan ülkelerdeki
E) people with personality disorders use them
çocuklar için çocuk haklarını desteklemek
in inappropriate or immature ways
ve korumak için Avrupa Birliği birçok
programa izin veriyor.
B) Avrupa Birliği dünyada savaşan ülkelerin
çocuklarının haklarını desteklemek ve
korumak için çeşitli programları destekliyor.
C) Avrupa Birliği tüm dünyada, özellikle
çocukların savaştan etkilendiği ülkelerde,
çocuk haklarını desteklemek ve korumak
için çeşitli programlarla ilgileniyor.
D) Avrupa Birliği özellikle savaştan etkilenen
ülkelerin çocuklarını desteklemek ve
korumak için tüm dünyada çeşitli programlar
düzenliyor.
E) Özellikle çocukların savaştan etkilendiği
ülkelerdeki çocuk haklarını destekleyen ve
koruyan Avrupa Birliği tüm dünyada çeşitli
programlarla ilgilidir.

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39. Chemistry, as a field of study based on 41. Enzim bozukluklarını içeren yüzlerce insan
scientific principles, came into being in the hastalığına gen değişimlerinin neden olduğu
latter part of the eighteenth century. anlaşılmıştır.

A) Bilimsel ilkelere dayalı bir çalışma alanı A) Hundreds of human diseases involving
olarak kimya, on sekizinci yüzyılın son enzyme defects have been found to be
bölümünde ortaya çıkmıştır. caused by genetic mutations.
B) Çok öncelerden beri var olan kimya, on B) It has been established that genetic
sekizinci yüzyılın son bölümünde bilimsel mutations have caused hundreds of human
ilkelere dayalı bir çalışma alanı olarak diseases including enzyme defects.
gelişmiştir. C) Genetic mutations have been found to be
C) On sekizinci yüzyılın son bölümüne doğru the cause of hundreds of human diseases
ortaya çıkan kimya, bilimsel ilkelere dayalı as well as enzyme defects.
bir çalışma alanıdır. D) Hundred of human diseases have been
D) Bilimsel ilkelere dayalı bir çalışma alanı olan found to result from genetic mutations and
kimya, on sekizinci yüzyılın son bölümünde enzyme defects.
gelişmesini tamamlamıştır. E) As it is known, hundreds of human diseases
E) On sekizinci yüzyılın son bölümünde ortaya have been caused by genetic mutations
çıkan bilimsel ilkelere dayalı çalışma involving enzyme defects.
alanlarından biri kimyadır.
42. Geçen yüzyılın başlarında, önyargıyı, bazı
40. Ateşin keşfinden sonra, insanlar, yüksek ırklara karşı doğuştan ve içgüdüsel bir tepki
sıcaklıklara maruz kalan belirli kayalar ve olarak düşünmek yaygındı.
minerallerde değişiklikler fark etmeye
başladılar. A) At the turn of the last century, prejudice was
generally regarded more as an innate or
A) Following the discovery of fire, people instinctive reaction to certain races.
noticed that, under high temperatures, B) At the turn of the last century, it was
certain changes in rocks and minerals common to consider prejudice to be an
began. innate and instinctive reaction to certain
B) After the discovery of fire, people began to races.
notice changes in certain rocks and C) By the turn of the last century people were
minerals exposed to high temperatures. prejudiced against certain races and this
C) When fire was discovered, it was noticed was regarded as an innate and instinctive
that, because of high temperature, certain reaction.
changes began to take place in rocks and D) By the turn of the last century this innate
minerals. and instinctive reaction against race was
D) With the discovery of fire, man became commonly seen as prejudice.
aware of certain changes which began to E) With the turn of the last century people grew
take place in rocks and minerals due to high more prejudiced against certain races and
temperatures. this was regarded as an innate and
E) After fire was discovered, human beings instinctive reaction.
became aware that, due to high
temperatures, certain rocks and minerals
began to change.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. In the passage, several alternatives that
cevaplayınız. could be used to replace fossil fuels are
discussed but ----.

In recent years, scientists have come to an

A) all of them pose health problems
agreement that the Earth is warming mostly due to
B) all are rejected for one reason or another
the emission of carbon dioxide from electrical power
C) fossil fuels remain the best choice
plants that burn coal, oil and natural gas.
D) with one exception, it is not likely that they
Discussions of alternatives to these fossil fuels
will ever be able to supply enough energy
generally include windmills, photovoltaics (panels
E) they all present insurmountable
which convert sunlight to electricity) and even
technological problems
hydrogen fuel. Although these technologies hold a
great deal of promise for the long term, none of
46. We learn from the passage that one
them provides an immediate solution to the problem
important cause of global warming is ----.
of global warming. Even if these new technologies
fulfill their potential at some time in the future, it is
A) the sudden growth in the world’s energy
unclear whether they will meet the world’s energy
needs
needs. For this reason, nuclear power still remains
B) the increasing use of photovoltaics to
the only really attractive alternative to fossil fuels.
produce electricity
C) the production of electrical power from coal,
43. According to the passage, nuclear power
oil and natural gas
----.
D) related to the closure of so many nuclear
power plants
A) is seen as a good alternative to fossil fuels
E) the failure to recognize the potential of wind-
because it could supply the world’s energy
power
needs
B) is less attractive than fossil fuels as it is the
main cause of global warming
C) has a great future potential for clean energy
production, but is not a practical solution at
present
D) presently supplies the world with more than
half its energy
E) enjoys very little favour as it is so dangerous

44. It is pointed out in the passage that

although fossil fuels could be replaced by
cleaner, safer alternatives to produce
electricity ----.

A) the price of electricity would soar

B) this cannot be achieved in a short space of
time
C) these will certainly never be sufficient to
meet the world’s energy needs
D) all known possible alternatives are
potentially dangerous
E) none of these alternatives has as yet been
tested

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. According to the passage, it is over the last
cevaplayınız. century that ----.

A) deforestation in the world has become

People have been pushing into forestlands for
dangerously extensive
thousands of years, but during the last century,
B) scientists have become aware of the variety
scientists say, the rate of global forest reduction has
of ecosystems in North America
reached alarming levels. About 50 million acres of
C) the paper industry in America has become
forest are cleared every year. Much of Europe’s
dependent on forest farms
original forests are gone. The forests of North
D) solutions for the conservation of natural
America, which once dominated the landscape,
forestlands have gone into effect
have shrunk by almost 40% in the last two centuries
E) the reduction of natural forests has been
to make room for people and meet the demand for
brought under control
lumber and paper. Not only have many of the
animals that depend on these ecosystems
disappeared, but various species of trees have also 50. It is stressed in the passage that, over the
been depleted. Timber farms on land that once last two centuries, ----.
sustained natural forests have little of the
biodiversity of the original forests, with pesticides A) the demand in the world for lumber and
and other chemicals allowing the land to support paper has reached alarming levels
only a few kinds of life. B) many lost species of trees have been
recovered in Europe’s forestlands
C) no pesticides and chemicals have been
47. The passage as a whole deals with ----. allowed in North America’s forests
D) nearly half of North America’s forestlands
A) the process of deforestation in Europe have been cleared for various reasons
taking place over thousands of years E) the area of natural forests has been
B) the steps taken for the restoration of lost sustained throughout the world
forestlands in North America
C) the biodiversity that the lost forests of
Europe once had
D) the alarming question of deforestation and
its harmful impact on ecosystems
E) the uses of pesticides and chemicals for the
protection of forestlands

48. It is claimed in the passage that forest farms

planted for timber ----.

A) can be most useful in recovering the lost

forestlands in Europe
B) lack the extensive biodiversity found in
natural forests
C) have a beneficial impact on the environment
because of the variety of trees there
D) have become widespread in North America
and are preferable to natural forests
E) have increased throughout the world over
the last two centuries

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. According to the passage, unlike their
cevaplayınız. French or German counterparts, ----.

A) medieval Italian aristocrats lived in cities

The Renaissance originated in Italy for several
and mixed with the general public
reasons. The most fundamental reason was that
B) Italian merchants in the Renaissance period
Italy in the later Middle Ages was the most
were also engaged in trade north of the Alps
advanced urban society in all of Europe. Unlike
C) distinguished Italian families wished their
aristocrats North of the Alps, Italian aristocrats
sons to become successful merchants
customarily lived in urban centres rather than in
D) the Medici were actively involved in the
rural castles and consequently became fully
politics and diplomatic relations of their time
involved in urban public affairs. Moreover, since the
E) the Italian upper bourgeoisie were strongly
Italian aristocracy built its palaces in the cities, the
opposed to social mobility
aristocratic class was less sharply set off from the
class of rich merchants than in other European
53. It is pointed out in the passage that wealthy
countries. Hence, whereas in France or Germany
medieval Italian merchant families ----.
most aristocrats lived on the income from their lands
while rich town dwellers, called bourgeois in French,
A) deliberately avoided any involvement in the
gained their living from trade, in Italy so many town-
political affairs of their cities
dwelling aristocrats engaged in banking or
B) disliked urban centres and preferred to live
mercantile enterprises, and so many rich mercantile
in their castles built in rural areas
families imitated the manners of the aristocracy that,
C) never took an interest in the political
by the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the
activities of the aristocracy
aristocracy and upper bourgeoisie were becoming
D) were greatly influenced in their habits and
virtually indistinguishable. For instance, the noted
way of life by urban aristocrats
Florentine family of the Medici, which had emerged
E) were far more enterprising in trade than
as a family of physicians (as the name suggests),
their French and German rivals
made its fortune in banking and commerce, and
rose into the aristocracy in the fifteenth century.
54. According to the passage, it was in Italy that
Obviously, social mobility as such brought about a
----.
great demand for education in the skills of reading
and counting necessary to become a successful
A) what the French called bourgeois had the
merchant, but the richest and most prominent
monopoly on banking
families sought above all to find teachers who would
B) merchants and aristocrats were clearly set
impart to their sons the knowledge and skills
apart
necessary in politics and public life.
C) banking developed much faster than trade
D) most aristocrats wanted their sons to learn
51. It is suggested in the passage that, in the
only the skills associated with politics
period before the Renaissance, ----.
E) the rise of the Renaissance first took place

A) the aristocrats in Europe were indifferent to

the quality of education offered at schools
B) the Medici of Florence had been a poor
mercantile family with no skills in politics
C) France and Germany had many more
aristocratic families than Italy
D) European banking was completely
monopolized by the rich town-dwellers of
France
E) no other European country had an urban
society as advanced as that of Italy

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. It is implied in the passage that, if one is not
cevaplayınız. fit, one ----.

A) can still find it easy to climb the stairs or

Narrowly defined, fitness refers to the
open a stuck window
characteristics that enable the body to perform
B) should still try to do all kinds of tasks that
physical activity. These characteristics include
cause physical and psychological stress
flexibility of the joints, strength and endurance of the
C) must do his or her best to increase the
muscles, including the heart muscle, and a healthy
energy reserve of the body
body composition. A broader definition of fitness is
D) should only carry out ordinary tasks in
the ability to meet routine physical demands with
everyday life
enough energy reserve to rise to a sudden
E) may find it hard to do the routine tasks of
challenge. This definition shows how fitness relates
everyday life
to everyday life. Ordinary tasks such as carrying
heavy suitcases, opening a stuck window, or
58. According to the passage, a strong heart
climbing four flights of stairs, which might strain an
muscle ----.
unfit person, are easy for a fit person. Still another
definition is the body’s ability to withstand stress,
A) is indispensable to get rid of physical stress
meaning both physical and psychological stress.
B) can only be developed through hard
These definitions do not contradict each other; all
physical activities
three describe the same wonderful condition of the
C) is one of the indications of being fit
body.
D) need not be related to physical fitness
E) is the only indication of a healthy body
55. According to the passage, fitness, among
composition
other things, enables ----.

A) an unfit person to perform various tasks in

everyday life
B) the heart to perform its task regularly
C) people to understand their body
composition fully
D) the body to overcome psychological stress
E) a person to conserve his or her energy
efficiently

56. Each definition of fitness given in the

passage ----.

A) is not complete and has already aroused

much controversy among specialists
B) refers to various things and is therefore
widely different from the others
C) is perfectly compatible with the others and
draws attention to the same thing
D) offers guidelines about the development of
a healthy body composition
E) underlines the ways whereby the muscles
can best be made stronger

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. It is pointed out in the passage that, while
cevaplayınız. the European powers were competing with
each other for colonization overseas, ----.

In 1914, Europe had built a seemingly stable peace.

A) their main concern was how to benefit from
Through the complex negotiations of great power
the geopolitical importance of their colonies
geopolitics, Europe had settled into two systems of
B) they were also involved in an escalating
alliance: the Allied Powers which consisted of
process of rearmament
Britain, France and Russia, and the Central Powers
C) they held the view that technological
that included Germany, Austria, and Italy. Within
superiority was essential for the exploitation
this balance of power, the nations of Europe
of their colonies
challenged one another for economic, military, and
D) they held various negotiations for the
imperial advantage. The rivalry for colonies abroad
prevention of a possible war that would
accompanied a fierce arms race at home, where
destroy Europe
military leaders assumed that superior technology
E) it seemed to many politicians that
and larger armies would result in a quick victory in a
international problems could be solved
European war. Indeed, in the prevailing atmosphere
through negotiations
of international suspicion, such a war seemed likely
to many of Europe’s political and military leaders.
61. The writer asserts in the passage that the
Yet none of them predicted that the war would break
peace in Europe in 1914 ----.
out so soon. Nor did many expect that the
assassination in June 1914 of the Austrian archduke
A) was essentially the achievement of political
and his wife would spark off that war, which
and military leaders
engulfed all of Europe in just over a month’s time.
B) was maintained efficiently by the Allied
Powers
C) mainly depended on superior technology
59. It is suggested in the passage that, when the and very strong armies
Austrian archduke and his wife were D) seemed a lasting one, but it was, in fact,
assassinated in June 1914, ----. fragile
E) was not affected at all by the assassination
A) the European balance of power was not of the Austrian archduke
affected by this incident, and the European
peace was maintained 62. According to the passage, although Europe
B) the British government immediately began had achieved a balance of power by 1914,
negotiations for an alliance with France and ----.
Russia
C) Austria turned to Germany and Italy for an A) Germany, Austria and Italy continued their
alliance and declared war on Britain and efforts to build very large armies and began
France to challenge the Allied Powers
D) most European leaders did not think that B) European leaders encouraged the
this incident would soon lead to a war development of advanced technologies for a
E) many European leaders believed that this comprehensive victory
was a plot of the Allied Powers against the C) this did not prevent the European nations
Central Powers from challenging each other for various
advantages
D) military leaders strongly argued that larger
armies were needed in order to protect the
colonies overseas
E) political leaders were extremely suspicious
of military leaders and, therefore, did their
best to prevent a war

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. John :- By the way, can you tell me
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi what the expression ―the scramble for Africa‖
bulunuz. means?
Harry :- Oh, I thought you knew it, since
you are seriously interested in the history of
63. Steve :- It’s clear that, during his time in
Africa.
office, former US President John F. Kennedy
John :- ----
inspired many people to enter public service.
Harry :- Well, it is about the colonization
Gary :- ----
of Africa. It indicates the scope and speed with
Steve :- Actually, some people think that
which the major European powers, excited by
his extra- marital affairs and his elegant style
stories of rubber forests and rich diamond
made him more interesting, so that people
mines, conquered and colonized Africa in the
wanted to follow his call to serve their country.
19th century.
Gary :- You maybe right about that.

A) For instance, I know that in 1884 a

A) What about his contribution to American
conference, attended by the representatives
civil rights?
of the European colonial powers, was held
B) I’ve read he was a near-professional level
in Berlin to settle the matter of control over
golfer, but didn’t want the public to know it.
the Congo River basin.
C) I think the public loved his wife Jackie as
B) It has been pointed out that by the 1830s
much as the president himself, didn’t they?
the French had created a general
D) There’s no strong evidence that he was
government of their possessions in Algeria.
assassinated asthe result of a conspiracy.
C) I am afraid I don‘t. I came across it in an
E) But what about his reputation as a wealthy
article I was reading yesterday. There was
womanizer? Didn’t that work against him?
no explanation given.
D) Actually, the colonial powers‘ partition of
64. Tim :- Did you know that NASA is
Africa in the 19th century was the most
going to send another manned mission to
striking instance of European imperialism.
upgrade and repair the Hubble space
E) According to some eyewitness reports, in
telescope?
the colonies, Africans worked in appalling
Max :- Oh? I thought that, after the
conditions, with no medicine or sanitation
2003 Columbia shuttle disaster, they were
and too little food.
going to send manned spacecraft only to the
International Space Station.
66. Carol :- Do you know what makes birds’ vision
Tim :- ----
better than ours?
Max :- I hope NASA’s taking the proper
Mike :- ----
precautions this time.
Carol :- Why do they have that ability
when humans don’t?
A) The space telescope is deteriorating
Mike :- I think it’s because early
because of dust and radiation.
mammals were active at night, when there’s no
B) Well, NASA changed its mind because a
ultraviolet light from the sun, and so they lost
robotic mission has turned out to be
the ability, but birds didn’t.
impossible.
C) Hubble was first launched into space in
A) It’s partly because they can see ultraviolet
1990. Did you know that?
light wavelengths, while humans can’t.
D) I learned from this article that Edwin Hubble
B) They need to see better in order to
was the first astronomer to describe the
determine the health of a potential mate.
expansion of the universe.
C) It’s impossible for humans to know what
E) The Hubble telescope has sent back
birds’ perception of colours is actually like.
thousands of valuable images. I think it’s
D) I think their vision is always strengthened by
worth the mission, don’t you?
ultraviolet light.
E) Insects can also see ultraviolet
wavelengths.

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67. John :- For our investments, we should 69. I wouldn’t trust her if I were you because
consider tourism as a new area. she never keeps promises.
Edmund :- Agreed. In fact, tourism has now
become the world‘s biggest industry. A) Since she never talks about what she has
John :- ---- done, it’s very difficult to depend on her.
Edmund :- I certainly think so. Therefore, it B) If she really respected people, she would
is of vital importance for the economies of many keep her promises.
of the world‘s poorest nations. C) Though she never keeps a promise herself,
she expects others to do so.
A) Moreover, travel enriches one‘s life. Don‘t D) I should let you know that she never
you agree? expects people to keep their own promises.
B) Actually, it fuels economic growth, doesn‘t E) I’ve never known her to keep a promise, so I
it? don’t think you should rely on her.
C) Do you believe that travelling broadens our
experience of the world? 70. At the peak of their prosperity, between
D) Furthermore, tourism enables people to about 6500 and 5500 B.C., the residents of
explore other cultures and geographies. Çatal Hüyük produced a wide range of
Right? agricultural food stuffs, including peas,
E) Yes, true. Yet, worldwide mobility because lentils, fruits, and cereal crops.
of tourism has its drawbacks. Do you
agree? A) A large variety of agricultural foodstuffs,
such as peas, lentils, fruits and cereal
crops, were produced by the Çatal Hüyük
inhabitants, whose prosperity reached its
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en climax during the period between roughly
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. 6500 and 5500 B.C.
B) Peas, lentils, fruits, and cereal crops were
68. Even if one forgets about the dangers the only agricultural foodstuffs that the
involved, coal-mining cannot be a very people of Çatal Hüyük, already very
attractive way of earning a living. prosperous, produced during the period
from 6500 to 5500 B.C.
A) It’s the risks that are involved that really C) The people at Çatal Hüyük were so
make coal-mining such an unattractive form prosperous that, during the period from
of employment. 6500 to 5500 B.C., they produced various
B) Working in a coal mine must be rather an kinds of agricultural foodstuffs, especially
unpleasant form of employment even when peas, lentils, fruits and cereal crops.
one ignores the risks. D) Among the agricultural foodstuffs produced
C) Work in a coal mine may still be unpleasant by the extremely prosperous peasants of
but there are no more risks than in other Çatal Hüyük during the period from 6500 to
forms of employment. 5500 B.C. were peas, lentils, fruits, and
D) Work in a coal mine is not the only form of cereal crops.
employment that has unpleasant aspects E) At Çatal Hüyük, where there was much
and even risks. prosperity between 6500 and 5500 B.C.,
E) It’s hard to imagine anyone enjoying only those agricultural foodstuffs, which
working for a living in a coal mine even if it consisted of peas, lentils, fruits and cereal
is perfectly safe. crops, were produced by the people.

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71. When UNICEF was established in 1946, its 73. Despite numerous intellectual and literary
main aim was to provide help for the many advances, the longest-lived achievements of
children in need as a result of World War II. the Italian Renaissance were made in the
realm of art. Of all the arts, painting was
A) When it was founded in 1946, UNICEF took undoubtedly supreme. Although Giotto was
a number of steps to improve the conditions the great artistic genius around 1300, it was
of children that survived World War II. not until the fifteenth century that Italian
B) In 1946, soon after the end of World War II, painting began to come fully of age. ----.
UNICEF was set up to assist children Fifteenth-century artists also experimented
throughout the world. with effects of light and shade and, for the
C) Because so many children had suffered first time, carefully studied the anatomy and
during World War II, UNICEF was set up in proportions of the human body.
1946 to give them a better education.
D) In 1946 UNICEF was set up primarily A) From about 1450 until about 1600 Italian
because, as a result of World War II, large thought was dominated by a school of Neo-
numbers of children were in need of help. Platonists, who sought to blend Platonism
E) Following World War II, UNICEF was set up with Christianity
in 1946 and has since made great efforts to B) One reason for this was that, in the early
help children in the world. fifteenth century, the laws of linear
perspective were discovered and first
employed to give the fullest sense of three
dimensions
72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada C) Sixteenth-century Italian writers, such as
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek Machiavelli, Ariosto, Tasso, and Sannazaro,
cümleyi bulunuz. were also highly accomplished creators of
imaginative prose and verse
72. Psychologists argue over whether language D) Perhaps the greatest of the Florentine
influences how people think, but it could artists was Leonardo da Vinci, one of the
affect half of what they see. The view from most versatile geniuses who ever lived
the right eyeis processed in the brain’s left E) Most Venetian painters showed little of the
hemisphere, which also seems to handle Florentine school‘s concerns with
language. Researchers have found that philosophical and psychological issues
native English speakers, who have separate
words for blue and green, are faster at
distinguishing between these colours when
they appear within their right visual field, in
contrast to people whose language uses the
same word to indicate either colour. ----.

A) Scientists planned to continue the research

on these same lines using different colours
B) Most of the world’s languages use a single
word to mean both blue and green
C) Investigators tested how well the right and
left fields of view distinguish between the
colours known in English as blue and green
D) This leads scientists to question the reason
why, in some languages, there is no
differentiation between the two colours
E) This suggests that for English speakers,
language influences the visual
discrimination between the colours blue and
green

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74. The year 1960 seemed golden and full of 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
promise. Despite nearly constant okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
international tension, everyday life in bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
Europe and North America seemed to be
improving. Economies recovered, many
76. (I) Ancient Lycia lay in the mountainous area
standards of living rose, and new forms of
between modern Fethiye and Antalya. (II) It
culture flourished. The economic horizon
wasn‘t a single country, but a federation of 19
looked bright. ----. Western Europeans could
independent cities. (III) The people of Lycia
no longer be so certain of their prosperity or
must have regarded burials as an important
of their leaders‘ ability to provide the sort of
aspect of their religion, for they cut hundreds of
life they took for granted.
tombs into cliff faces and crags that can be
seen throughout the area today. (IV) These
A) Legal changes would not have occurred
tombs were probably copies of domestic
without women‘s movements of the time
architecture, intended as houses for the dead.
B) These changes marked a new culture of
(V) Not much is known about the early history
mass consumption boosted by marketing,
of Patara, although it was an influential member
advertising, and credit payment
of the Lycian League.
C) However, by 1990, most of the familiar
landscape had been dramatically
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
transformed
D) The civil rights movement in the US had
77. (I) Almost everyone has experienced heartburn
enormous significance for the twentieth
at one time or another, usually after a meal.(II)
century
Heartburn is the painful sensation a person
E) The most serious outbreak of student unrest
feels when the cardiac sphincter fails to prevent
in Europe came in Paris in the spring of
the stomach contents from refluxing into the
1968
esophagus.(III) As a matter of fact, anyone who
has heart trouble should consult a doctor. (IV)
75. The scientific study of facial expression has
This may happen if a person eats or drinks too
largely focused on the way in which facial
much or both. (V) Tight clothing and even
expressions communicate emotions. ----. In
changes of position (lying down, bending over)
fact, subsequent research generally
can cause it, too, as can some medications and
identified six basic emotions (happiness,
smoking.
surprise, sadness, fear, disgust and anger)
and their related facial expressions, from
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
which more complex or blended emotions
are derived.
78. (I) Anything that irritates the eyes can also
irritate the eyelids and cause swelling. (II) The
A) In this respect, Darwin suggested that there
most common irritant is an allergy, which can
are only a small number of universal
make one or both lids crinkled or swollen. (III)
emotions and that these are associated with
Allergic reactions may becaused by
universal facial expressions
medications instilled into the eyes, such as
B) Similarly, tears are an acceptable display of
eyedrops; other drugs or cosmetics; or pollen or
sadness at a funeral but not on hearing
other particles in the air. (IV) Insect stings or
disappointing news in a business setting
bites as well as infections from bacteria,
C) These rules exist because of the important
viruses, or fungi canalso cause the eyelids to
communicative function of facial
swell. (V) In fact, tears are salty fluid that
expressions
continuously bathes the surface of the eye to
D) People from a variety of Western, Asian and
keep it moist.
tribal cultures were remarkably accurate in
identifying the six emotions
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
E) For instance, the expression of emotion is
encouraged for women in Mediterranean
cultures but is discouraged for men in
northern European and Asian cultures

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79. (I) Between 1540 and 1660, Europe was racked

by a combination of religious wars, political
rebellions, and economic crises. (II) Hence,
confidence in traditional structures of social,
religious, and political authority was
undermined. (III) The result was fear,
scepticism, and a search for new, more certain
foundations on which to rebuild the social,
political, and religious order of Europe. (IV)
However, for artists and intellectuals, the period
proved to be one of the most creative epochs in
the history of Europe. (V) Like Shakespeare,
Rembrandt knew that life‘s journey is full of
perils, but his most mature paintings suggest
that these can be mastered with a courageous
awareness of one‘s human shortcomings.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

80. (I) British dominance of the slave trade in the

late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries
gave it decisive economic advantages over
other nations. (II) As one Englishman wrote in
1749, the slave trade had provided ―an
inexhaustible fund of wealth to this nation. (III)
But even apart from the slave trade, the value
of colonial commerce was increasing
dramatically during the eighteenth century. (IV)
Like the Spanish colonies, the French colonies
in the New World were established and
administered as direct crown enterprises. (V)
For instance, British foreign trade increased in
value from £10 million in the 1730s to £40
million in the 1750s.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 27 5. Sterilization in hospitals is done in an

autoclave that subjects the items to moist
heat under pressure, with a drying time of
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere 15 to 30 minutes to prevent condensation
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. from ---- on the surgical instruments.

1. Cloud seeding, a technique which attempts A) building up

to make precipitation by dispersing silver B) keeping off
iodide particles into clouds, remains ---- C) making out
because it is quite difficult to prove whether D) moving off
it actually works. E) setting out

A) valuable 6. Rice is by far China’s most important

B) confidential agricultural product and ---- over half the
C) essential total cereal production.
D) fascinating
E) controversial A) lets in
B) accounts for
2. Until the sixteenth century, when the first C) sets forth
international postal agreement was ----, D) falls through
there was no postal system as we know it E) looks after
today.
7. Scientists who ---- alert the world to the
A) assigned existence of a hole in the stratospheric
B) maintained ozone layer recently reported that this
C) enacted feature of the atmosphere ---- widening
D) seized soon.
E) conducted
A) help / would stop
3. ---- poor after World War II, Crete is now B) have helped / might have stopped
thriving from tourism. C) helped / may stop
D) will help / might stop
A) Necessarily E) had helped / has stopped
B) Adequately
C) Accurately 8. The price of crude oil ---- by 40% this year
D) Tentatively due to the continuing risk of disruption in
E) Desperately the Middle East, which ---- for one-third of
global production.
4. Although foreign direct investment began
centuries ago, its biggest ---- has occurred A) surges / accounted
since the middle of the twentieth century. B) had surged / has accounted
C) has surged / accounts
A) entrance D) urged / had accounted
B) size E) will surge / could have accounted
C) growth
D) research 9. Some evolutionary biologists argue that if
E) pattern the clock of evolution ---- to the beginning
and allowed to run again to the present day,
the resulting animals on Earth ---- very
different from the ones we know now.

A) has been rewound / would have been

B) is rewound / will be
C) might be rewound / will have been
D) had been rewound / had been
E) could be rewound / might be

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10. Basel handles more foreign trade than ---- 15. The modern era of Shakespeare scholarship
town in Switzerland on account of its has been marked ---- an enormous amount
position on the Rhine River. of investigation ---- the authorship, text, and
chronology of his plays.
A) some other
B) any other A) from / at
C) the other B) by / into
D) other C) down / over
E) one another D) out / of
E) in / for
11. Life originated in the sea and evolved there
for almost 3 billion years ---- plants and 16. One can see ---- a glance why small children
animals began moving onto the land. are immediately attracted ---- these noisy,
colourful toys.
A) because
B) even if A) at / to
C) before B) in / by
D) but C) with / for
E) as if D) by / with
E) of / to
12. Humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can
keep their core body temperatures pretty
much constant ---- differences in the
temperature in the world around them.

A) as of
B) regardless of
C) instead of
D) in terms of
E) because of

13. During the second half of the 20th century,

the fracture rates among high-risk European
populations grew higher, ---- this increase
was modest compared with that of the
urbanized populations in Southern Asia.

A) in case
B) because
C) unless
D) but
E) now that

14. With its superior fire power, NATO ---- any

battle, but it ---- the war in Afghanistan.

A) had won / loses

B) can win / is losing
C) has won / lost
D) would have won / had lost
E) is winning / was losing

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Saturn and its 47 diverse moons have been (17) ---- We must not (22) ---- the element of pleasure and
the close watch of the Cassini probe since 2004. enjoyment which comes from the reading of
The probe‘s main (18) ---- in its planned 74 orbits is literature. This is surely itself one of the great
to gather detailed images of the second largest benefits which (23) ---- from being an educated
planet in our solar system, its icy moons and person. But, over and above that, let us recognize
spectacular rings, (19) ---- span (20) ---- 272, 000 (24) ---- certain other fundamental skills and
kilometres. So far, the probe (21) ---- some of the capacities are developed (25) ---- the reading of
best images we have of Saturn, and provided literature, which are important to us all as educated
astronomers with a wealth of new data. people, (26) ---- in our private pleasures or our
personal philosophies, but also in the day-to-day
17. exercise of our responsibilities.
A) under
B) in 22.
C) with A) subside
D) through B) assert
E) over C) interpret
D) witness
18. E) underestimate
A) stage
B) objection 23.
C) assumption A) had come
D) controversy B) comes
E) aim C) would have come
D) came
19. E) was coming
A) whatever
B) where 24.
C) who A) so that
D) which B) in case
E) whereas C) just as
D) that
20. E) although
A) completely
B) almost 25.
C) largely A) at
D) adversely B) in
E) slightly C) through
D) over
21. E) to
A) is capturing
B) captures 26.
C) has captured A) not only
D) had captured B) either
E) will capture C) both
D) more
E) as well as

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. ----, the person is said to suffer circulatory
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. shock.

A) Just as the heart is severely damaged from

27. ----, scientists can trace their common
any cause
ancestral genetic connections.
B) Even though any factor that interferes with
venous return can also lead to decreased
A) It is only in the past 20 years, however
cardiac output
B) Whatever tools and cognitive skills the
C) If ever the cardiac output falls below that
emigrants had taken with them
level which is required for adequate nutrition
C) Though she was not the only woman alive
of the tissues
at the time
D) So long as the cardiac output fell so low that
D) When many different populations are
the tissues throughout the body began to
studied through a comparison of genetic
suffer nutritional deficiency
markers
E) While the cardiac outputs in healthy human
E) Since the only clues were the sparsely
beings are surprisingly constant
scattered bones and artefacts our ancestors
left behind
31. Mystery-type novels are popular ----.

28. The stereotype of woman as the more

A) unless you are provided with enough
―emotional sex is the one ----
background to the crime and all necessary
clues
A) that still persists today
B) because they challenge the reader to solve
B) as emotions are so unpredictable
the crime before the detective does
C) but it had been encouraged by the Stoics
C) so that the reader has a chance to exercise
D) until overruled by 20th century psychology
his imagination
E) which a more sophisticated mode of
D) if the mysteries cannot be solved by
thinking will have denied
detectives
E) so that their authors are not too harshly
29. Normally, the volume of sweat is about
criticized
100ml/day , ----.
32. Although Dalton considered atoms to be the
A) but in very hot weather or during heavy
ultimate particles of matter, ----.
exercise, water loss in sweat occasionally
increases to 1-2 litres/hour
A) we now know that atoms themselves have
B) since urine volume can be as low as 0.5
structures
litre/day in a dehydrated person
B) metallic elements and their compounds are
C) because normally a small amount of water
obtained principally from the earth’s crust
(100 ml/day) is lost in the faeces
C) silicon is a prominent and considerably
D) whereby water loss in the faeces can
useful material of technology
increase to several litres a day in people
D) ceramics have been extended to include
with severe diarrhoea
materials other than fired clay and glass
E) so long as the maintenance of a relatively
E) composites are constructed of two or more
constant volume of the body fluids is
materials
essential for homeostasis
33. ---- whether the universe will continue to
expand forever.

A) From the discussions at the conference it

has been clear
B) There is evidence for the growing view
C) Many scientists have conclusively proved
D) A recent analysis of some galaxies has
shown
E) One important question is

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34. ---- as it extends outwards into space. 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
A) Earth’s rotation influences the direction that cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
winds blow bulunuz.
B) The atmosphere becomes less dense
C) Without the sun, life on Earth would cease
37. Recent studies found no link between the
D) The nature of wind, with its turbulent gusts
risk of developing brain tumour and the
or lulls, is complex and difficult to
amount of time one has spent using a
understand
mobile phone.
E) Winds tend to blow from areas of high
atmospheric pressure to areas of low
A) Son çalışmalarda bir kişide beyin tümörü
pressure
gelişmesi riskiyle, cep telefonu kullanma
süresi arasındaki ilişki kanıtlanamadı.
35. If a doctor anticipates that the foetus’s
B) Beyin tümörü gelişmesiyle ilgili son
lungs are immature, and delivery cannot be
çalışmalarda kişilerin cep telefonu
delayed, ----.
kullanması riskli bulunmadı.
C) Son çalışmalar beyin tümörü gelişmesi
A) a corticosteroid drug may be given to the
riskiyle, kişinin cep telefonu kullanarak
mother at least 24 hours before the delivery
geçirdiği zaman arasında bir ilişki bulmadı.
B) respiratory distress syndrome is a breathing
D) Son araştırmalar cep telefonu kullanılarak
disorder in which the air sacs in an infant’s
geçirilen zamanın beyin tümörü gelişimine
lungs do not stay open
katkısı olmadığı sonucunu buldu.
C) infants born to diabetic mothers are more
E) Kişinin beyin tümörü geliştirme riskiyle cep
likely to have immature lungs
telefonu kullanarak geçirdiği zaman
D) soon after delivery, the infant begins to
arasındaki ilişki, son araştırma sonuçlarına
breathe rapidly
göre oldukça zayıftır.
E) infants with respiratory distress syndrome
are at the risk of bleeding in the brain
38. Health information on product packages
must emphasize the importance of the total
36. Despite the advent of the labour-saving
diet and not exaggerate the role of a
agricultural devices in the Middle Ages, ----.
particular food in disease prevention.
A) the obligations of the land workers to their
A) Ürün paketlerinin üzerindeki sağlık bilgileri
lords were fixed by custom
diyetin tümünün önemini yeterince
B) it was the lords who took the greatest
vurgulamıyor ve genellikle, belirgin bir
benefits from it
gıdanın hastalık önleyici işlevi abartılıyor.
C) the western European economy rested on
B) Ürün paketlerinin üzerindeki sağlık bilgileri
agriculture
ne diyetin tümünün önemini küçümsemeli
D) the landlords took all the produce for their
ne de bir gıdanın hastalık önlemedeki
own use
rolünü abartmalıdır.
E) most of the work of raising crops continued
C) Ürün paketlerinin üzerindeki sağlık bilgileri
to be done using hand tools
diyetin tümünün önemini vurgulamalı ve
belirli bir gıdanın hastalık önlemedeki rolünü
abartmamalıdır.
D) Belirli bir gıdanın hastalık önlemedeki rolü
abartılmamalıdır ve ürün paketlerinin
üzerinde diyetin sağlık açısından bir bütün
olarak önemli olduğu vurgulanmalıdır.
E) Ürün paketlerinin üzerindeki hastalık
önleme konusundaki bilgiler diyetin
tümünün önemini göz ardı etmemeli ve o
ürünün sağlık açısından önemini
abartmamalıdır.

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39. Overrun by the Austro-German armies in 40. Katherine Mansfield, özellikle Rus yazar
World War I, Poland declared its Chekhov‘un kısa hikâyelerinden etkilenmiş
independence on November 11, 1918, and ve onun gibi, konudan çok çevre ve
on June 20, 1919, was recognized as an karaktere dayalı hikâyeler yazmıştır.
independent state by the Treaty of
Versailles. A) The Russian writer Chekhov‘s short stories
depend more on atmosphere and character
A) I. Dünya Savaşı‘nda Avusturya-Alman than on plot, and this impressed Katherine
orduları tarafından işgal edilmiş olan Mansfield and influenced the way she
Polonya, bağımsızlığını 11 Kasım 1918‘de wrote.
ilân etmiş olsa da bağımsız bir devlet olarak B) Katherine Mansfield was a great admirer of
tanınması, 20 Haziran 1919‘da imzalanan the Russian writer Chekhov, and her short
Versailles Antlaşması‘yla gerçekleşmiştir. stories, like his, are centred around
B) Avusturya-Alman ordularınca I. Dünya character and atmosphere rather than
Savaşı‘nda işgal edilmiş olan Polonya, 11 action.
Kasım 1918‘de bağımsızlığını ilân etmiştir; C) Like the Russian short-story writer,
ancak bir devlet olarak bağımsızlığı Chekhov, Katherine Mansfield wrote short
Versailles Antlaşması‘yla 20 Haziran stories that depend for their effect more on
1919‘da kesinleşmiştir character and atmosphere than upon action.
C) Polonya, I. Dünya Savaşı‘nda Avusturya- D) Katherine Mansfield greatly admired the
Alman ordularının işgaline uğrasa da 11 style of Chekhov in his short stories and,
Kasım 1918‘de bağımsızlığını ilân etmiş ve like him, wrote short stories in which
bir devlet olarak bağımsızlığı, 20 Haziran character and atmosphere, not action, come
1919‘da Versailles Antlaşması‘yla to the fore.
kesinleşmiştir. E) Katherine Mansfield was particularly
D) I. Dünya Savaşı sırasında Avusturya-Alman impressed by the short stories of the
ordularının işgaline uğrayan Polonya, Russian writer Chekhov, and, like him, she
Versailles Antlaşması‘na göre, wrote stories which depend more on
bağımsızlığını 11 Kasım 1918‘de ilân etmiş atmosphere and character than on plot.
ve 20 Haziran 1919‘da da bağımsız bir
devlet olarak tanınmıştır. 41. Pek çok insan, egzersiz yapmanın daha çok
E) Avusturya-Alman ordularınca I. Dünya yemelerine neden olacağını sanır, oysa bu,
Savaşı‘nda işgal edilmiş olan Polonya, 11 tümüyle doğru değildir.
Kasım 1918‘de bağımsızlığını ilân etmiş ve
Versailles Antlaşması‘yla 20 Haziran A) Most people are convinced that, should they
1919‘da bağımsız bir devlet olarak exercise, they will eat more, but this is not
tanınmıştır true at all.
B) Many people think that exercising will make
them eat more, but this is not entirely true.
C) A lot of people are of the opinion that,
through exercising, they will start to eat
much more even though this is not
absolutely correct.
D) A number of people claim that exercising
will make them eat more although this is not
the case.
E) Several people imagine that too much
exercising will lead to too much eating, but
this is not quite correct.

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42. On altıncı yüzyılın ilk yarısında Fransa kralı

olan I. François, ülkesini Avrupa‘da önde
gelen bir güç yapmayı düşlemiş, ancak
Avusturya imparatoru V. Charles tarafından
engellenmiştir.

A) The French king François I, who had the

dream of making his country Europe‘s
dominant power in the first half of the
sixteenth century, was opposed by the
Austrian emperor Charles V.
B) François I, the king of France in the first half
of the sixteenth century, dreamt of making
his country a leading power in Europe but
was prevented by Charles V, emperor of
Austria.
C) Charles V, the emperor of Austria, stood up
against François I, the king of France, who
dreamt of making his country a major
European power in the first half of the
sixteenth century.
D) François I, the king of France, had the
dream of turning his country into the chief
European power in the first half of the
sixteenth century although he was opposed
by Charles V, emperor of Austria.
E) The king of France in the first half of the
sixteenth century, François I, dreamt of
making his country one of the major powers
in Europe but was dissuaded by the
Austrian emperor Charles V.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. According to the passage, Shakespeare’s
cevaplayınız. play As You Like It ----.

A) established Branagh as a famous actor

If Shakespeare were alive today, he’d probably be
B) is the only Shakespearean play to be set in
writing movies. And Kenneth Branagh would
Japan
probably direct them. Branagh is a celebrated stage
C) is Branagh’s first attempt at filming a
actor who took his love of Shakespeare into
Shakespearean play
filmmaking. Altogether, he has made six of the plays
D) is the one Branagh is presently making into
into films, starting with the award-winning Henry V in
a film
1989. “The stories that Shakespeare writes, about
E) is one of the less popular of Shakespeare’s
kings and queens, the fates of nations and very
comedies
powerful domestic dramas, are written at an
intensity that can be presented in a bold and
46. It is clear from the passage that Branagh
heightened way through film”, he says. “In the
feels that the Japanese setting he uses for
theatre, the words and the performances are the
As You Like It ----.
same, but film does it in a language people are
more familiar with”. In As You Like It, the film he is
th A) is the best of several startling innovations
working on now, Branagh transfers the action to 19
aimed at shocking audiences and instilling
century Japan, where romance blossoms against
new life into a tired play
the country’s tranquil landscapes. This new setting
B) will not meet with much approval
speaks to modern audiences because, Branagh
C) would not have pleased Shakespeare at all
says, the play is partly about “the idea of the simple
D) adds a valuable new dimension to
life, that feeling of getting out of the terrible
Shakespeare’s play
competition of city life and being somewhere quiet,
E) reflects the desire expressed in the play to
meditative and transformative.”
escape town pressures and escape to the
tranquillity of the country
43. It is clear that the writer of the article thinks
that ----.

A) Shakespeare’s best play is Henry V

B) Shakespeare would probably be in the film
industry if he were living now
C) modern audiences prefer stage productions
of Shakespeare’s plays to films of them
D) Branagh’s films are far too experimental
E) Japan is an ideal country for filming
Shakespeare’s plays

44. We understand from the passage that

Branagh is of the opinion that films of
Shakespeare’s plays have the advantage
over stage productions ----.

A) because they are in a medium audiences

are familiar with
B) since they can add more power and
excitement to the background
C) as the plays have constant scene changes
D) but the writer of the passage disagrees with
him
E) especially when the aim is to modernize
them

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. As is clear from the passage, there is a
cevaplayınız. sharp contrast between ----.

A) the variety of waterfowl upstream and

Rivers and streams generally support communities
downstream
of organisms quite different from those of lakes and
B) rivers and lakes as regards the kind of water
ponds. A river or stream changes greatly between
plants found in them
its source and the point at which it empties into a
C) the kinds of organic material found
lake or the sea. Near the source, a stream’s water is
upstream and downstream
usually cold, low in nutrients, and clear. The channel
D) the quality of the water at a river’s source
is often narrow, with a swift current that does not
and downstream
allow much silt to accumulate on the bottom. Most
E) the types of organisms found in different
of the organisms found here are supported by the
rivers and streams
photosynthesis of algae attached to rocks or by
organic material, such as leaves, carried into the
stream from the surrounding land. Downstream, a 50. The passage gives us ----.
river or stream generally widens and slows. The
water is usually warmer and may be cloudier A) a biological and ecological description of
because of sediments and other particles rivers and streams
suspended in it. Worms and insects that burrow into B) a warning about the dangers of pollution in
the mud are abundant, as are waterfowl, frogs, fish, rivers and streams
and other water animals. C) a full picture of the kinds of organisms found
in rivers and lakes
D) an insight into adverse environmental
47. It is maintained in the passage that, near the effects on rivers and streams
end of its course, a river or stream ----. E) an account of how water animals, including
worms and insects, feed
A) flows so fast that no sediment or silt
accumulates on the bottom
B) becomes so polluted that no use can be
made of its water
C) shows a significant ecological and physical
difference from its source
D) is usually rich in algae indispensable for the
survival of various water animals
E) loses much of its nutrient capacity and turns
into a muddy waterway

48. A point made in the passage is that the

organisms found in rivers and streams ----.

A) live in the silt that is formed by the

accumulation of various kinds of organic
material
B) are completely consumed by waterfowl,
frogs, and fish
C) are more abundant nearer to the source
D) depend on worms and insects for their food
rather than on algae and other nutrients
E) are quite unlike the ones found in lakes and
ponds

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. As pointed out in the passage, compared
cevaplayınız. with the French Revolution, the Industrial
Revolution ----.

The French Revolution transformed the political and

A) was so sudden and unexpected that there
diplomatic landscape of Europe suddenly and
emerged a desperate need for new sources
dramatically. The transformation of industry came
of energy and more workers
more gradually. By the 1830s or 1840s, however,
B) had no impact at all on the social changes
writers and social thinkers in Europe were increasingly
which took place in Europe in the late
aware of unexpected and extraordinary changes in
eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries
their economic world. They began to speak of an
C) had so much influence on European politics
“industrial revolution,” one that seemed to parallel the
in the nineteenth century that governments
revolution in politics. The term has stayed with us. The
had to revise their development plans
Industrial Revolution spanned the hundred years after
D) was primarily concerned with social welfare
1780. It represented the first breakthrough from an
and forced many countries in Europe to
agricultural and overwhelmingly rural economy to one
introduce new benefits for workers
characterized by large-scale manufacturing, more
E) was a process of industrial, economic, and
capital-intensive enterprises, and urbanization. It
social transformation in Europe, which
involved new sources of energy and power, faster
covered a hundred years beginning with the
transportation, mechanization, higher productivity, and
late eighteenth century
new ways of organizing human labour. It triggered
social changes with revolutionary consequences for
53. One learns from the passage that, with the
the West and its relationship with the world. Of all
Industrial Revolution, ----.
these changes, perhaps the most important one was to
be seen in energy. Over the space of two or three
A) a great deal of improvement was made in
generations, a society and an economy that had
transportation so that goods could be
traditionally drawn on water, wind, and wood for most
carried in large quantities all over the world
of its energy needs came to depend on steam engines
B) the usual energy resources, such as wind,
and coal. In other words, the Industrial Revolution
water, and wood, began to be used far more
brought the beginnings of “the fossil fuel age.”
efficiently in order to meet growing energy
needs
51. As one understands from the passage, the
C) the traditional rural economy was replaced
term “the Industrial Revolution” ----.
by a capital-based economy of mass
production and labour
A) was only used during the first half of the
D) economic affairs came to dominate politics
nineteenth century and has since been
and diplomatic relations in Europe so much
replaced by new terms, such as “the fossil
that governments adopted policies for more
fuel age”
cooperation with each other
B) was invented after the Industrial Revolution
E) agriculture in Europe was fully modernized
was completed
and, consequently, much higher productivity
C) always signified the process of urbanization
was achieved
in Europe, which was closely linked with the
migration of rural people to major cities
54. It is clear from the passage that coal-fired
D) was first invented by a group of European
steam power ----.
social thinkers who recognized that huge
changes were occurring in the economic
A) had not been used as a primary source of
world
energy before the Industrial Revolution
E) essentially referred to the use of steam
B) was only used as a source of energy for
power in industry, but has today lost its
industry in the 1830s and 1840s
original meaning completely
C) quickly lost its importance for industry after
the advantages of fossil fuels became
apparent
D) was not regarded as a feasible source of
energy during the Industrial Revolution
E) played a minimal role in the transport of
goods during the Industrial Revolution

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. It is stressed in the passage that, even as
cevaplayınız. early as childhood, ----.

A) a great majority of people understand the

Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums. Under
bad effects of plaque
this condition, the gums become red and swollen
B) people should be taught how to brush their
and bleed easily. An extremely common condition,
teeth
gingivitis can develop any time after a person’s
C) many people become aware of the
teeth come in, and it is almost always the result of
importance of flossing
inadequate brushing and flossing, which allows
D) some people know how to get rid of tartar
plaque to remain along the gumline of the teeth.
E) people may suffer from gingivitis
Plaque, which is a soft, sticky film made up primarily
of bacteria, accumulates especially in faulty fillings
58. As one understands from the passage, it is
and around the teeth next to poorly cleaned partial
usually due to poor brushing and flossing
dentures, bridges, and orthodontic appliances.
that ----.
When plaque stays on the teeth for more than 72
hours, it hardens into tartar, which can’t be
A) orthodontic appliances can be dangerous
completely removed by brushing and flossing.
B) the gumline of the teeth has plaque, which
Although plaque is the main cause of gingivitis,
causes gingivitis
other factors can make the inflammation worse,
C) birth control drugs can be harmful to the
especially pregnancy, puberty, and birth control
teeth
drugs.
D) the gums get rapidly swollen
E) dentures and bridges are soon deformed
55. It is pointed out in the passage that
gingivitis ----.

A) in women usually develops only when birth

control drugs are taken
B) is rare, even when the teeth are not brushed
properly
C) can increase in severity due to various
factors
D) is generally seen in grown-ups rather than
children and young people
E) can be treated most effectively through
efficient flossing

56. As explained in the passage, tartar ----.

A) is a major factor that causes bleeding along

the gumline of the teeth
B) forms around the teeth if plaque is not
removed within three days
C) generally results from faulty fillings and
unflossed partial dentures
D) is best removed from the teeth through
frequent flossing
E) can be effectively prevented by the use of
suitable orthodontic appliances

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. It is pointed out in the passage that Western
cevaplayınız. firms ----.

A) made contracts with Chinese companies

By the end of the twentieth century, East Asia had
because of favourable production conditions
become a centre of industrial and manufacturing
in China
production. Especially China began to establish
B) made huge investments in commercial
commercial ties with the West in the 1970s and
zones, but they failed to make any profit
became the world’s leading heavy industrial
C) established closer commercial ties with
producer by the year 2000. Its state-owned
China to benefit from cheap exports
companies acquired contracts from Western firms to
D) were mainly concentrated in Hong Kong,
produce products cheaply and in bulk, for sale back
since it was a major port city
to home markets in the United States and Europe.
E) cooperated with China in order to upgrade
Moreover, the Chinese government established
its economic performance
semicapitalist commercial zones around major port
cities like Shanghai. These commercial zones were
intended to encourage massive foreign investment 62. It is stated in the passage that Hong Kong
on terms that left China a favourable balance of ----.
trade for its huge volume of cheap exports. Yet, in
practice, they enjoyed only mixed success. A) was the major exporter of cheap products to
Problems in farming and a looming energy crisis the United States and Europe
hampered prosperity and economic growth, but B) contributed enormously to the emergence of
Hong Kong only managed to maintain its traditional China as an economic power in East Asia
economic and cultural ties with the rest of the world. C) was not affected at all by the decline of
However, in recent years, China has overcome prosperity and economic growth in the rest
most of these problems and radically upgraded its of China
economic performance. D) took immediate measures to prevent the
looming energy crisis in the area
E) was a major centre of industrial and
59. The passage is mainly concerned with ----. manufacturing production in China in the
1970s
A) the extent and complexity of problems in
Chinese agriculture
B) the variety and volume of Western
investments in China in the 1970s
C) Hong Kong’s economic prosperity and its
impact on social life in the city
D) China’s economic development and
performance since the last century
E) the improvement of China’s balance of trade
since the 1970s

60. It is claimed in the passage that China’s

commercial zones ----.

A) absolutely provided China with a huge

volume of foreign investment
B) were not as successful as had been
originally intended
C) were solely located around Shanghai and
Hong Kong
D) have been the most efficient ones
throughout East Asia
E) were originally intended for state-owned
companies

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Mary :- The other day I was reading an
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi interesting article on ―the Black Death.‖
bulunuz. Tony :- You mean the terrible plague
that devastated Europe in the 14th century?
Mary :- ----
63. Harriet :- I am writing an article about the
Tony :- Also throughout villages, towns
Cold War period. There is a great deal of
and cities. As a result, the population of Europe
material I have to deal with.
was cut nearly in half.
Ares :- I suggest you focus on a
specific topic rather than giving a general
A) Right. I didn‘t know that its effects were
account.
worst in confined places like hospitals,
Harriet :- ----
prisons, and monasteries.
Ares :- So, your article will, I am sure,
B) According to a contemporary account, the
arouse a great deal of interest in academic and
city of Florence lost 96,000 people between
political circles.
March and October of 1348.
C) European men and women were convinced
A) Right. I will demonstrate how the Cold War
that the plague had been sent as a divine
has given way to more complex global
punishment.
relations.
D) However, as one learns from the article, the
B) You know the Eastern European revolutions
plague did not last long, but actually began
of 1989 brought about the collapse of the
to dissipate by 1351.
Soviet Union.
E) I feel that more study must be made of the
C) Especially the Soviet Union‘s increasingly
social and political impact the plague had on
severe domestic problems led to mounting
medieval Europe in general.
protests in Russia in 1991.
D) Everyone knows that the Iron Curtain had
66. Winston :- What does the term ―global
established one of the most rigid borders in
village‖ really mean?
European history.
Stanley :- Oh, well, it is essentially related
E) In my opinion, since the end of the Cold
to the global flow of information.
War, adapting to change has been difficult
Winston :- ----
throughout Eastern Europe.
Stanley :- Alright, I will try. Beginning in
the 1990s, increasingly sophisticated
64. Geneveive :- Did you know that nuclear
computers have brought people into instant
weapons are regularly transported by truck to
communication over the internet with each
inspection facilities in the US and the UK?
other across continents in new cultural and
Carl :- ----
political settings, and this has had a great
Geneveive :- Yes; it’s extremely dangerous. If
impact on the everyday lives of men and
there were a traffic accident and some of the
women around the world.
weapons were to explode, many people would
die.
A) In other words, are you suggesting that
Carl :- I suppose the trucks would also
advances in electronic technologies have
be a target for terrorist attacks, wouldn’t they?
provided new worldwide platforms and
connections for commercial interests?
A) Isn’t that a bit risky?
B) Do you mean the wide-ranging effects of
B) Why do they do that?
information technologies on political
C) What is your opinion of this practice?
struggles around the globe?
D) I don’t support the idea of nuclear weapons,
C) Are you saying that electronic systems and
anyway.
devices designed to create, store and share
E) Can’t the weapons inspectors travel instead
information have become more powerful
of transporting the weapons?
and accessible?
D) Are you claiming that embattled ethnic
minorities have found worldwide audiences
through on-line campaign sites?
E) What does that exactly mean? Can you be
more specific?

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67. George :- Recently I have been much 69. When we lived in İzmir, I used to go to a
interested in the social history of the concert every week.
marketplace in medieval England, on which I
plan to write a book. A) During our years in İzmir, I went to a concert
Juliet :- The social history of the regularly once a week.
marketplace? It is rather a dull subject, isn‘t it? B) As we lived in İzmir, I could go to a concert
George :- ---- every week.
Juliet :- Really? Then I take back what I‘ve just C) After we left İzmir, I started to go to a
said. I‘ll be keenly interested in what you write concert every week.
about it. D) While we were living in İzmir, we went to a
concert at least once a week.
A) Well, in a way, yes. In the past and today, E) When we lived in İzmir, they held concerts
the marketplace was just a site for the there every week.
buying and selling of commodities.
B) On the contrary. In fact, the heart of the 70. The view of the city from the top floor of the
matter is that the marketplace served as a hotel is absolutely wonderful, especially at
place to socialize and a forum for interaction night when all the lights are on.
among people from all walks of life.
C) At first glance, it would seem that there are A) The view of the city, especially at night
many differences between the marketplaces when it’s all lit up, is well worth a visit to the
of the past and the marketplaces of today. top floor of the hotel.
D) Unfortunately, the stock and commodities B) You must go up to the top floor of the hotel,
exchanges and malls have none of the spirit preferably at night, for a magnificent view of
of the traditional marketplace. the city and its lights.
E) Exactly. It is hard to define the purpose and C) From the top floor of the hotel you get a
goal of the marketplace not only in England truly splendid view of the city, particularly at
but also in the rest of Europe. night when it’s all lit up.
D) Be sure to go to the top floor of the hotel to
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en get a magnificent view of the city and its
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. lights.
E) After dark when the lights have come on,
68. I think Matisse was every bit as you get an unforgettable view of the city
revolutionary an artist as Picasso. from the top floor of the hotel.

A) If you want my opinion, Matisse was much 71. If I’d known how hot and crowded it was
more revolutionary an artist than Picasso. going to be here, I wouldn’t have come.
B) If you ask me, Matisse and Picasso were
both equally revolutionary artists. A) As it’s so hot and crowded here, I’m
C) Matisse was not quite as revolutionary an beginning to wish I hadn’t come.
artist as Picasso, in my opinion. B) I didn’t realize it would be so hot and
D) Neither Matisse nor Picasso was a crowded here, and if I had, I wouldn’t have
revolutionary artist, as I see it. come.
E) Picasso was quite a revolutionary artist, but C) I came here knowing very well it would be
Matisse was a bit more so, in my view. both hot and crowded.
D) I wouldn’t go as I was sure it would be
terribly hot and crowded.
E) If it’s going to be hot and crowded I will
certainly not go there.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. Logistics as a business concept began to
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek gain ground in the 1950s, particularly in the
cümleyi bulunuz. US. This was because, as businesses
expanded and reached out both to far-flung
markets and sources of materials, the need
72. Thanks to their status as one of the world’s
for expert logisticians became imperative.
top predators, great whites are among the
Logisticians applied their own ingenuity to
best known sharks on Earth, yet essentially
create companies that aimed to deliver the
nothing is known about their mating habits.
right item in the right quantity at the right
That could soon change, as researchers
time in the right place for the right price. ----.
have discovered a remote spot in the North
Indeed, with increasing globalization and
Pacific Ocean that may be a mating ground
ever longer and more complex supply
for great whites, according to a recent
chains, logistics companies have become
study. ----. But, as scientists have explained,
ever more sophisticated and adaptable.
the theory that the area is a feeding ground
for great whites may be incorrect.
A) The US has led the way in the development
of efficient logistical systems
A) It’s not an area that a shark would logically
B) No region in the world requires efficient
go to from California to find something to
logistics more urgently than Africa does
eat
C) Logistics is considered one of the most
B) At first, scientists nicknamed the region,
important aspects of military campaigns
1,553 miles west of the Baja Peninsula, the
D) The problems of the logistics industry have
“great white café” because they suspected
not been clearly identified yet
sharks could be going there to feed
E) These aims have not changed, but the
C) The sharks migrate long distances
world has
seasonally from the coast of California to
Hawaii and to the offshore area
74. Unlike wine, whisky does not change after it
D) On average, the sharks dive every 10
has been bottled. ----. The first rule to
minutes, 325 metres down, perhaps to sniff
respect is to keep whisky bottles upright so
for mates, whose scent could be detected at
that the alcohol is not in contact with the
a certain level of depth
cork. It should also be kept away from all
E) Sharks gather at marine mammal habitats in
sources of heat in order to avoid drying out
California during autumn and winter months,
the cork, which would allow air to get into
feeding on the abundant elephant seals and
the bottle.
other prey before migrating to the offshore
waters
A) Keeping a young whisky in a bottle and
putting an old whisky in a decanter
combines aesthetic pleasure with the joy of
tasting
B) One question which is often asked, and
over which whisky lovers are divided,
concerns whether or not to use a decanter
C) However, it is advisable to take some
precautions to assure its longevity
D) The Classic Malts Collection owes its
considerable success since its launch in
1988 as much to the quality of the whisky as
to the excellent design of the six bottles that
make up the range
E) Marketing and design have revolutionized
the whisky industry, especially the
manufacture of containers

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75. Near-death experiences are relatively 77. (I) In 1991, the United States and the Soviet
stereotyped in format. ----. They often Union signed a historic treaty reducing their
describe sensations like “floating” or stockpiles of nuclear warheads by about a third.
“flying”. These experiences can also cause (II) The Obama administration has not "lost its
fear or a feeling of detachment, but they are way" despite the myriad problems left behind by
usually described as intensely “real” – not the previous administration. (III) The treaty,
at all like a dream or a hallucination. known as "START" (The Strategic Arms
Reduction Treaty), was signed in Moscow by
A) People who have had such experiences say US President George Bush and Soviet leader
that they seemed to be no longer in their Mikhail Gorbachev. (IV) At a joint news
own body but outside it, looking down on conference after the signing ceremony, both Mr
themselves from two or three metres above Bush and Mr Gorbachev strongly and
B) Survivors of these experiences may, weeks enthusiastically praised the treaty. (V)
later, experience a surge of emotionality, as Especially, Mr Bush described it as "a
if emotions of every sort were being significant step forward in dispelling half a
stimulated or released century of mistrust."
C) Sometimes, near-death experiences are
followed by a sudden onset of musical or A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
artistic interest
D) Tony Cicoria reported seeing a bluish-white 78. (I) Sprawling across a vast plain at an altitude
light that surrounded him and having a of almost 2, 000 metres and ringed by
sense of ecstacy mountains, Erzurum is one of Turkey‘s coldest
E) Similar near-death experiences have often cities. (II) It is also by far the most developed
been described by people who have been, city in the region. (III) Erzincan‘s history has
or believed themselves to be, in great been marked by earthquakes, notably those of
danger 1939 and 1992. (IV) Because it was located
astride the main caravan route from India to
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla Europe and controlled the passage between
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü the Caucasus and Anatolia, Erzurum was
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. fought over and ruled by many peoples from
the Byzantines to the Ottomans. (V) Yet its
76. (I) Between 1800 and the middle of the most famous sights date from Seljuk times.
twentieth century, the worldwide population
roughly tripled, rising from 1 to 3 billion. (II) Like A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
past scientific investigations directed at
humankind, genetics has raised fundamental 79. (I) The global ocean is a huge body of salt
questions about ethics and humanity. (III) water that surrounds the continents and covers
Between 1960 and 2000, however, the almost three fourths of Earth‘s surface. (II) It is
population doubled again, to 6 billion or more. a single, continuous body of water. (III) Not
(IV) Obviously, improvements in basic surprisingly, aquatic life zones are different in
standards of health have contributed to this almost all respects from terrestrial ecosystems.
dramatic increase. (V) Yet such growth has (IV) Yet, geographers have divided it into four
strained the capacity of social services, public- sections (the Pasific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic
health facilities, and urban infrastructures. oceans), separated by the continents. (V) The
Pacific Ocean is the largest by far: it covers
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V one-third of Earth‘s surface and contains more
than half of Earth‘s water.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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80. (I) The Mongols were one of a number of

nomadic peoples inhabiting the steppes of
Central Asia. (II) Although closely connected
with various Turkish speaking peoples with
whom they frequently intermarried, the Mongols
spoke their own distinctive language and had
their own homeland to the north of the Gobi
Desert in present-day Mongolia. (III) In fact, it
was not until the late thirteenth century that
Europeans began to establish direct trading
connections with India, China, and the ―Spice
Islands- of the Indonesian archipelago. (IV) Like
many nomadic peoples throughout history, they
were highly accomplished cavalry soldiers and
constantly raided the sedentary peoples to their
south. (V) It was in part to control such raiding
from Mongolia that the Chinese built the
famous Great Wall.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 28 6. Artificial sweeteners permit people to ----

their sugar and energy intake, yet still enjoy
the delicious sweet tastes of their favourite
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere foods and beverages.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) get over
1. Most people feel ---- before getting on a B) keep down
plane, but some truly panic when they fly. C) lose out
D) put into
A) anxious E) use up
B) confused
C) disgusted 7. Major Italian film makers are learning a
D) entertaining lesson ---- Hollywood and investing ----
E) reasonable better technology and more exciting special
effects.
2. It is time to ---- chances and to get your
work shown, though you may be a young A) over / into
and unproven painter. B) by / for
C) off / to
A) gain D) with / over
B) get E) from / in
C) have
D) own 8. From the mid-fifteenth century ---- , Lisbon
E) take began to emerge as a significant market ----
slavery.
3. It is the translators who make literature
written in a foreign language ---- accessible A) up / about
to Turkish readers. B) away / in
C) out / round
A) cautiously D) on / of
B) barely E) over / at
C) largely
D) peculiarly 9. Mountaineering can kill brain cells, ----
E) slowly among climbers who do not suffer from
altitude sickness.
4. With the growth of customer service
occupations, an increasing ---- on emotional A) further
and aesthetic labour has changed the nature B) just as
of many professions. C) almost
D) even
A) expression E) moreover
B) affection
C) emphasis 10. ---- folktales were preserved in written form,
D) decision they were simply stories retold whenever a
E) threat group of people with the same interests
gathered.
5. Writing 'objectively' means that personal
feelings are not ---- the writing. A) Whether
B) Before
A) worked up C) If
B) called off D) Unless
C) put out E) Whereas
D) brought into
E) taken over

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11. ---- physical activity can enhance physical 16. Today one third of the carbon dioxide (CO2)
functioning, reduce anxiety, stress, and given off by burning fossil fuels ---- the
depression, it also poses some hazards to oceans, thus ---- their naturally alkaline pH.
one’s physical and psychological health.
A) is entering / reduces
A) Although B) enters / reducing
B) Since C) had entered / will reduce
C) Whether D) will enter / reduced
D) In case E) would enter / having reduced
E) Unless

12. The Atatürk Dam, which is ---- the largest

dams in the world, is capable of generating
8.9rnbillion kilowatt-hours of electricity
annually from the run-off of the vast lake ----
its construction created.

A) such as / of which
B) one of / that
C) more than / which
D) other than / some of
E) between / where

13. If the United States Department of

Agriculture(USDA) ---- all animal and animal
product imports from high-risk areas in
2001, the US ---- the same consequences of
foot-and-mouth disease as the UK did that
year.

A) didn’t ban / would suffer

B) had not banned / would have suffered
C) weren’t banned / would have been
suffered
D) hadn’t been banned / suffered
E) shouldn’t have banned / hadn’t suffered

14. Although there ---- some growth in the non-

oil sector, Nigeria ---- dangerously reliant on
hydrocarbon revenues.

A) has been / remains

B) had been / would remain
C) was / would have remained
D) must be / has remained
E) is / had remained

15. At the end of 1998, Estonia ---- the strict

citizenship requirements that ---- the
country‘s Russian minority from gaining
citizenship.

A) relaxes / kept
B) had relaxed / have kept
C) has relaxed / were keeping
D) relaxed / had kept
E) will relax / are keeping

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Statutes are usually framed in more or less general To determine a person‘s diet history, the doctor
terms, and, in order to apply these general terms to asks what foods (22) ---- in the previous 24 hours
particular cases, interpretation becomes and what types of food are usually eaten. The
necessary.(17) ---- the famous Byzantine Emperor person may be asked to keep a food diary, in which
Justinian but also the framers of the Prussian and he lists everything he eats for three days. (23) ----
Napoleonic Codes (18) ---- to take away this power the physical examination, the doctor observes the
of interpretation from the judiciary. But these efforts person‘s general appearance and behaviour (24) ---
and similar ones all failed because interpretation is - the distribution of body fat and the functioning of
(19) ---- whenever a written formula has to be body organs. (25) ---- the doctor suspects severe
applied to a particular case. When interpreting the malnutrition, he orders a complete blood cell count
meaning of a legal rule, the judge must first discover and blood and urine tests to measure levels of
the true facts of the case before him, and secondly, vitamins, minerals, and waste products such as
he must find out (20) ---- the legislator intended him urea. Skin tests may also be ordered to (26) ----
to do (21) ---- the existing circumstances. certain types of immunity.

17. 22.
A) Not only A) were being eaten
B) Even if B) had been eaten
C) The more C) will have been eaten
D) Both D) were eaten
E) As E) are eaten

18. 23.
A) may have attempted A) Out of
B) attempted B) At
C) are attempting C) By
D) have been attempting D) Over
E) could have been attempted E) During

19. 24.
A) influential A) as well as
B) incomparable B) but also
C) impressive C) so as
D) plausible D) just as
E) unavoidable E) so that

20. 25.
A) that A) While
B) which B) Even though
C) why C) If
D) what D) Whether
E) whoever E) Even if

21. 26.
A) after A) curtail
B) towards B) realize
C) on C) emphasize
D) over D) assess
E) under E) assume

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. ---- even though she‘s still not prepared to
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. forgive herself.

A) The wrong person got blamed

27. ---- that seemingly obsolete methods can
B) After all, she committed an error, not a
still work well.
crime
C) Others were also involved in the affair
A) The discovery delighted them
D) A lot of people have forgiven her
B) The procedures are used for fabricating
E) She was wrongly accused
electronic devices
C) The problem with copper was
32. The Bermuda Triangle, ----. is noted for a
D) The lesson to be learned from this positive
high incidence of unexplained losses of
result is
ships, small boats and aircraft.
E) An ingenious solution to the problem
emerged
A) that an entire squadron of planes vanished
shortly after takeoff
28. If astronauts have nothing meaningful to
B) as local environmental conditions could be
do, ----.
the cause
C) since the sea here is particularly fast
A) the two programmes should have been kept
moving
quite separate
D) when there is an almost unique magnetic
B) the programme clearly suffered from
effect on compasses
mismanagement
E) which is off the southeastern Atlantic coast
C) there is no point in sending them into space
of the US
D) they exceeded the estimated cost by
several billion dollars
33. People with anorexia nervosa imagine that
E) newer proposals may cut the price by half
they are themselves fat, ----.

29. Once the wind had reached the critical

A) even when they are dangerously
threshold of 94 miles per hour, ----.
underweight
B) but among female athletes, anorexia
A) the anchor-bolt systems have already
nervosa may be as high as 66 per cent
weakened
C) because family conflicts often play an
B) it took only about 30 seconds for the bridge
important role in the development of
to collapse
anorexia nervosa
C) a basic problem is that of corrosion
D) as their first dietary objective is to stop
D) but the order of collapse was related to the
weight loss
complex and changing wind directions
E) although starvation brings other physical
E) it is possible to protect structures against
problems such as anaemia and impaired
the force of an F-1 tornado
immune response
30. Because unemployment is rising and
34. Neanderthals were a recent evolutionary
wages are falling, ----.
human relative ----.

A) the government would soon be out-of-favour

A) who lived in Europe and became extinct
B) Americans are naturally worried about the
30,000-40,000 years ago
state of the economy
B) as researchers studying human origins
C) the state of panic was regarded as
debated this question for decades
unfounded
C) which are muscular and robust, with a brain
D) no one could loseon the stock market
similar to ours in size
E) it would have been a good time to change
D) while the relationship between humans and
your car
Neanderthals may best be described as
sister species
E) despite the fact that they had hands as
nimble as those of present-day humans,
with a thumb and fingers

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35. Oxygen, sugars and amino acids are 38. Entropy is a physical property like
allowed into the brain ----. temperature and pressure, and measures
how close a system has come to reaching
A) as toxins could severely impair the brain‘s stagnant “equilibrium”.
functioning
B) which provided early evidence of the blood- A) Sıcaklık ve basınç gibi fiziksel bir özellik
brain barrier olan entropi bir sistemin durgun “denge”ye
C) but most other substances are kept out ulaşıp ulaşmadığını ölçer.
D) that controls which molecules in the B) Entropi sıcaklık ve basınç gibi fiziksel bir
bloodstream can enter the brain özelliktir ve bir sistemin durgun “denge”ye
E) just as no other organ is equally efficient ne kadar ulaştığını ölçer.
C) Bir sistemin durgun “denge”ye ulaşıp
36. In physical exercises to strengthen ulaşmadığı sıcaklık ve basınç gibi fiziksel bir
muscles, the best approach is to use a özellik olan entropi ile ölçülür.
complete range of weights, ----. D) Entropi hem sıcaklık ve basınç gibi fiziksel
özellikler arasındadır hem de bir sistemin
A) by which one must never give himself a durgun “denge”ye ne kadar ulaştığını
false sense of progress belirlemede yardımcıdır.
B) unless one’s muscles reach their full E) Sistemlerin durgun” denge”ye ulaşıp
potential ulaşmadığını ölçen entropinin sıcaklık ve
C) before the decision is made as to how much basınçla ortak olan yanı, fiziksel bir özellik
weight to lift olmasıdır.
D) so that exercise is always considered
together with nutrition 39. Do you think there is anywhere in the world
E) even if it means lifting a lighter weight where the left remains a vibrant and
progressive force?
37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe A) Solun, dünyanın herhangi bir yerinde
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi varlığını sürdüren dinamik ve ilerici bir güç
bulunuz. olduğunu mu düşünüyorsunuz?
B) Dinamik ve ilerici bir güç olarak solun,
37. The findings of a ten-year study reveal that dünyadaki herhangi bir yerde hâlâ varlığını
two species of seahorses have been living sürdürdüğünü mü sanıyorsunuz?
in the waters around Britain without anyone C) Sanıyor musunuz ki bir zamanların dinamik
realizing they were there. ve ilerici gücü olan sol, dünyanın herhangi
bir yerinde varlığını sürdürmektedir?
A) İngiltere'nin çevresindeki sularda daha önce D) Solun, eskisi gibi dinamik ve ilerici bir güç
onların orada yaşadığını kimsenin bilmediği olarak dünyanın herhangi bir yerinde
iki türdenizatının olduğu on yıllık bir varlığını sürdürdüğünü mü sanıyorsunuz?
çalışmayla ortaya çıktı. E) Dünyada, solun dinamik ve ilerici bir güç
B) On yıllık bir çalışmanın bulguları İngiltere'nin olarak varlığını sürdürdüğü herhangi bir yer
çevresindeki sularda onların orada olduğunu düşünüyor musunuz?
olduğunu hiç kimsenin farketmediği iki tür
denizatının yaşamakta olduğunu gösteriyor.
C) İngiltere'nin çevresindeki sularda iki tür
denizatının yaşadığını ilk kez ortaya çıkaran
on yıllık çalışma bu türlerin hiç
farkedilmediğini belirtiyor.
D) On yıllık çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre
İngiltere'nin çevresindeki sularda hiç
kimsenin bilmediği iki tür denizatının
yaşamakta olduğu bildiriliyor.
E) İki tür denizatı hiç kimseye belli etmeden
İngiltere'nin çevresindeki sularda yaşarken
on yıllık bir çalışma onları ortaya çıkardı.

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40. Kuzey İrlanda, Birleşik Krallığın ayrılmaz bir 42. Yaşlıların gençleri sayıca geçeceği bir
parçasıdır; ancak, 1920‘de İrlanda‘nın gelecekten korkan pek çok hükûmet,
Yönetimi Yasası‘na konmuş olan hükümlere insanları çocuk sahibi olmaya teşvik etmek
göre, yarı özerk bir yönetime sahiptir. için ne gerekiyorsa yapmaktadır.

A) Northern Ireland constitutes a major part of A) Fearful of a future in which the elderly
the United Kingdom even though, according outnumber the young, many governments
to the Government of Ireland Act of 1920, it are doing whatever they can to encourage
is governed semi-autonomously. people to have children
B) According to the terms of the Government B) Most governments, afraid of a future in
of Ireland Act of 1920, Northern Ireland which there are more elderly than young
makes up a significant part of the United people, are taking whatever measures they
Kingdom despite the fact that its can in order to persuade people to have
government is semi-autonomous more children.
C) Northern Ireland is an integral part of the C) In order to urge people to have more and
United Kingdom, but, in accordance with the more children, a number of governments,
provisions made in 1920 in the Government which fear that the elderly will outnumber
of Ireland Act, it has a semi-autonomous the young in the future, are introducing
government. whatever incentives they can.
D) Northern Ireland is regarded as an essential D) Various governments fear a future in which
part of the United Kingdom and, under the the number of the elderly will exceed that of
terms of the Government of Ireland Act of the young, and are hence doing their best in
1920, is administered by a semi- order to convince people to have children
autonomous government E) Since governments are afraid that, in the
E) According to the provisions made in the future, the number of the elderly will exceed
1920 Government of Ireland Act, Northern that of the young, they are doing all they
Ireland, which is an inseparable part of the can so that people may have more children
United Kingdom, has a semi-autonomous
administration.

41. Patara‘da pek çok pansiyon ve birkaç

görkemli otel olmasına rağmen, geleneksel
köy yaşamı hâlâ devam etmektedir.

A) Patara boasts various pensions and a

number of magnificent hotels even though
village life continues here in a traditional
way.
B) Despite a number of pensions and some
excellent hotels, Patara is still a village
which has a traditional way of life.
C) Though a village where traditional life still
goes on, Patara has a great number of
pensions and several luxurious hotels.
D) Although in Patara there are many pensions
and a few splendid hotels, traditional village
life still continues
E) Patara, which has several pensions but few
nice hotels, is just a village where life goes
on in a traditional manner

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. This passage is mainly concerned with ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) how the wild orangutan has become extinct
B) the difficult life of the miners and loggers on
For thousands of years the wild orangutan lived in
Sumatra and Borneo
rich tropical forests. The species has no natural
C) how the lowland forests of Sumatra and
enemy, but in the last three decades it has been
Borneo are disappearing
driven to extinction. The main causes for this are
D) former Indonesian president Suharto’s
miners, peasants and illegal loggers who have
autocratic reign
destroyed the orangutan’s habitat on the Indonesian
E) the change to democracy in Indonesia in the
islands of Sumatra and Borneo. More than half of
late 1990s
these lowland forests were cut down during
President Suharto’s autocratic reign, but the change
46. We can understand from the passage that
to democracy in Indonesia in the late 1990s did
the primary reason for the disappearance of
nothing to stop the forest clearing. In addition, illegal
the orangutans is ----.
hunters have killed more than 1,000 orangutan
mothers per year, stealing their babies to sell on the
A) illegal hunting by miners
black market. Because orangutans breed slowly,
B) the dictatorship of former President Suharto
they could not reproduce quickly enough to counter
C) the destruction of their forest habitat
these threats to their existence and so they died out.
D) the start of democracy in Indonesia
E) the fact that they have no natural enemy
43. It is clear from the passage that despite the
shift to a democratic government in
Indonesia, ----.

A) the practice of selling baby orangutans on

the black market increased
B) the orangutans there began to have a better
life
C) the illegal hunting practices of the loggers
were stopped
D) the orangutans were moved to safety
E) the forests there continued to be cut down

44. It is pointed out in the passage that the

orangutans weren’t able to replace those
that had died or been stolen because ----.

A) the government gave its support to the

destruction of the forests
B) they could only reproduce very slowly
C) the black market price for young orangutans
was rising rapidly
D) no one, anywhere, showed any interest in
the fate of the orangutans
E) illegal hunters had carried out their plan to
kill all the orangutan females

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. It is suggested in the passage that global
cevaplayınız. warming ----.

A) has always been considered to be the

Hurricanes, which are circular storms spinning
single most important cause of hurricanes
around a region of low atmospheric pressure, are
throughout the world
powered by energy released by spiralling surface
B) has been a major topic of research among
winds that draw heat from the ocean. Warmer seas
climate scientists over the past 50 years or
provide more energy and make hurricanes stronger.
so
This is what happened during Hurricane Katrina in
C) is most intense in regions where
August 2005, which submerged New Orleans and
atmospheric pressure is very low and sea
the vicinity. In fact, according to climate scientists,
surface temperatures very high
both the intensity and destructiveness of hurricanes
D) was first recognized by climate scientists in
have increased markedly since the 1970s. In other
the 1970s and has always been correlated
words, the energy released by an average hurricane
with hurricanes
appears to have increased by about 70 per cent
E) may have played a major role over the
within the past 30 years. This increase correlates
years in the rise of temperature in the
very closely with rises in sea surface temperatures.
oceans in tropical regions
Furthermore, tropical oceans have warmed about
one degree Fahrenheit in the past 50 years, a rise
49. It is explained in the passage that a
that is believed to be chiefly the result of global
hurricane ----.
warming.
A) can only be destructive so long as the
surface temperatures of tropical oceans
47. One understands from the passage that continue to rise steadily
Hurricane Katrina was obviously extremely B) releases its energy when the temperature of
destructive because ----. the sea surface increases markedly and
causes spiralling winds
A) no measures had been taken over the last C) develops from spiralling surface winds that,
30 years to protect New Orleans and its according to climate scientists, mostly
surroundings happen in tropical regions
B) New Orleans, situated so close to the D) is a storm that has a circular pattern and
ocean, has always had adverse effects on moves quickly around an area of low
global warming atmospheric pressure
C) at the time, global warming affected the E) derives its energy from the oceans, whose
New Orleans area more than anywhere else surface temperature has changed very little
D) the increasingly warm ocean must have over the past 50 years
provided it with an unusual amount of
energy 50. One of the points emphasized in the
E) climate scientists did not believe that such a passage is that, over the last 30 years, ----.
hurricane could happen in the New Orleans
area A) the average hurricane’s energy has risen by
almost three-quarters
B) Katrina has been the only destructive
hurricane in the New Orleans area
C) climate scientists have made no progress in
understanding hurricanes
D) there has been a marked decrease in the
strength of spiralling surface winds
E) a great deal of research has been done
regarding the causes of global warming

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. According to the passage, in the face of the
cevaplayınız. Allied naval blockade, ----.

A) Germany openly refused to reach any

The causes of World War II were rooted in the
political compromise with the Allied powers
peace settlement at Versailles in 1919-1920. The
B) the German government gave up its
peace had created as many problems as it had
demands for the annexation of the east
solved. The senior Allied heads of state yielded to
European countries
demands that involved annexing German territory
C) the newly-created east European countries
and creating new states out of the eastern
soon began to disregard each other’s
European empires. In doing so, the peacemakers
boundaries
created fresh bitterness and conflict. The Versailles
D) the German people strongly opposed
treaty and its champions, such as US President
Woodrow Wilson’s principle of self-
Woodrow Wilson, proclaimed the principle of self-
determination
determination for the peoples of eastern and
E) Germany had no other choice but to agree
southern Europe. Yet the new states created by the
to the severe conditions dictated by the
treaty crossed ethnic boundaries, involved political
Allies
compromises, and frustrated many of the
expectations they had raised. The unsteady new
54. It is clear from the passage that, contrary to
boundaries would be redrawn by force in the 1930s.
Allied expectations, ----.
The Allied powers also kept up the naval blockade
against Germany after the end of World War I. This
A) the Germans were able to overcome the
forced the new German government to accept harsh
grievances caused by the naval blockade
terms that deprived Germany of its political power in
B) the peace deal made at Versailles brought
Europe. The blockade and its consequences
about new hostilities and conflicts
created grievances that made the German people
C) Germany’s political power in Europe
feel angry and completely humiliated.
became further strengthened by the
Versailles treaty
51. It is argued in the passage that the
D) President Wilson was worried about the
Versailles treaty, signed after World War I, --
political future of the new states in eastern
--.
Europe
E) Germany and the new east European states
A) went into effect soon after the Allied naval
soon realized they had much in common
blockade against Germany had been lifted
and established good relationships
B) did not take into consideration Woodrow
Wilson’s principle of self-determination
C) enabled Germany to regain its territories in
eastern Europe and become militarily strong
again
D) was a total failure, since it ultimately led to
World War II
E) was accepted with great jubilation by the
German government and people

52. As pointed out in the passage, the new

states in eastern Europe, created in
accordance with the Versailles treaty, ----.

A) became the source of many problems in

Europe and caused much disillusionment
B) were protected by the Allied powers against
a possible German invasion
C) formed an alliance in order to resist
Germany’s territorial demands
D) maintained their independence until the
start of World War II
E) did their best to be on good terms with
Germany and so pursued a pro-German
policy

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. As one can see from the passage, one thing
cevaplayınız. is certain about the brain, and that is the
fact that ----.

Most of the functions of the brain are still unknown,

A) it only functions through motor nerves
and the ones we know about are very poorly
B) all the impulses coming from it are
understood. The brain is assumed to be the organ
involuntary
of higher mental function, of the mind and intellect,
C) some intellectual functions take place in it
but there is surprisingly little evidence for this, and
D) every bodily function is controlled by it
no one has any idea what physical structures or
E) its main function consists of reflexive
mechanisms perform these functions. The brain is
actions
known to control all bodily functions by means of
motor and other nerves which carry impulses from
58. It is stressed in the passage that sensory
the brain outwards to all parts of the body.
nerves ----.
Sometimes these are under our voluntary control;
mostly, they are involuntary, reflexive or automatic.
A) have nothing to do with the body’s reflexive
Reflexive actions are the result of impulses passed
actions
inwards from the body towards the brain by means
B) perform a limited number of voluntary
of sensory nerves. Information arriving in the brain
functions
about various sensations like heat, pain, touch,
C) are so complicated that very little is known
position, the need for saliva or gastric juice or even
about them
the thought or smell of food are acted on in the
D) perform most of the functions controlled by
various “centres” in the brain.
the brain
E) carry impulses from the body to the brain
55. It is clear from the passage that every part
of the human body ----.

A) is not sensitive to all the impulses sent by

the brain
B) does not show the same kind of reaction
against sensations
C) is connected to the brain through all kinds of
nerves
D) has a different kind of sensation not
immediately acted on by the brain
E) is controlled and acted on by a specific
centre in the brain

56. According to the passage, the question of

how the brain functions ----.

A) arises from problems related to the

“centres” in the brain
B) is essentially related to the question of how
reflexive actions take place
C) has been thoroughly investigated and,
consequently, resolved
D) has only become a major concern in
medicine in recent decades
E) does not yet have a full answer and still
needs to be studied

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. According to the passage, the Stone Age
cevaplayınız. ----.

A) was, according to archaeologists, the most

The Stone Age is, in fact, divided into various
sophisticated and developed period of early
stages. Dominating the period is the Palaeolithic
human history
Age, which most anthropologists would extend
B) and the cultures of the period have been
down to roughly 11,000 B.C. Within the Stone Age
fully revealed by archaeologists
in general, however, scholars also speak of an
C) is generally known as the Upper Palaeolithic
Upper Palaeolithic Era, beginning around 40,000
Era, during which man learned how to
B.C. They draw attention to some significant
produce food
changes in human behaviour around this date,
D) is not one continuous period but consists of
including the appearance of sophisticated cave
different eras
paintings, and evidence of religious ideas. Humans
E) is generally dated to 11,000 B.C. and has
also began producing the most effective, finely
always been a serious academic concern
crafted tools such as fishhooks, arrowheads, and
among anthropologists
sewing needles made from organic materials, such
as wood or animal bone. Yet, despite these
61. It is suggested in the passage that humans
important developments, the basic patterns of
----.
human life changed little during this era. Virtually all
human societies before 11,000 B.C. consisted of
A) in the Stone Age were very skilled and far
small bands of hunter-gatherers that moved
advanced in making tools for their farming
incessantly in search of food. Because they could
needs
not stay in any one location for long, these groups
B) seem to have first developed their religious
left no continuous archaeological record whereby
ideas during the Upper Palaeolithic Era
we might trace the development of their culture. Our
C) in the Upper Palaeolithic Era knew how to
knowledge of them is, therefore, very limited.
defend themselves when they were
attacked by hunter-gatherers
D) in the Palaeolithic Age were skilled not only
59. It is stressed in the passage that, during the in hunting but also in different kinds of cloth-
Upper Palaeolithic Era, ----. making
E) in the Stone Age had no notion of religion
A) there were no settled human communities and, therefore, did not know how to worship
but groups of wandering hunter-gatherers
B) humans practised different forms of art but
preferred to specialize in cave painting 62. It is pointed out in the passage that, with the
C) hunter-gatherers had plenty of food Upper Palaeolithic Era beginning around
whereby they were able to feed themselves 40,000 B.C., ----.
easily
D) bands of hunter-gatherers produced A) most human societies worshipped various
different kinds of tools whereby the gods
development of culture can be traced B) cave painting became very popular among
E) there appeared new and most developed hunter-gatherers
cultures, which have been brought to light C) fully organized human societies began to
through archaeological excavations appear
D) human beings ceased to be hunter-
gatherers
E) man entered a new period of important
developments

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Malcolm :- I believe a great deal of
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi research needs to be made of Martin Luther
bulunuz. King and his ideas.
Jacob :- I fully agree with you, since he
was the preeminent figure in the civil rights
63. Susan :- Do you know that every year
movements started by blacks in the United
130 million tonnes of America‘s trash ends up
States during the 1960s.
in landfills?
Malcolm :- ----
Harry :- Oh, yes, I certainly do, and
Jacob :- On the contrary. Fundamentally,
more than that.
he aspired to a fully integrated nation of all the
Susan :- ----
Americans.
Harry :- Well, together all these landfills
emit more of the greenhouse gas methane than
A) Before King, various civil rights groups in
any other human-related source.
America had started to organize boycotts
and demonstrations to condemn racial
A) Is it true that some American building
discrimination against blacks in all walks of
companies use inorganic refuse such as
life.
metals in roadbeds and heavy construction?
B) Unfortunately, his inspiring career as a
B) Do you mean engineers have developed an
defender of civil rights in America was
efficient way of dealing with trash?
tragically ended by assassination in 1968.
C) What do you mean exactly? You seem to be
C) In fact, civil rights laws passed under
implying something.
President Lyndon B. Johnson in the 1960s
D) America produces more trash than any
did bring American blacks some measure of
other country in the world, doesn‘t it?
equality with regard to voting rights.
E) Don‘t you think such a huge volume of trash
D) Yes, of course. Yet, he‘s been accused of
can be processed to produce electricity?
seeking complete independence from white
society.
64. John :- The economic rather than
E) As you know, the civil rights movements of
political aspect of European colonialism has
the 1960s in America clearly showed the
always interested me.
chasm between the egalitarian promises of
Francis :- I know. It is clear from most of
American democracy and the real
the papers you have presented so far. So you
inequalities at the core of American social
think that colonial exploitation in the past was
and political life.
the major source of Europe‘s economic
prosperity.
66. Tracy :- Here’s an article about a drug
John :- ----
trial that went badly wrong. After testing a drug
Francis :- Agreed. Indeed, it is impossible
on monkeys and obtaining the desired result,
to imagine this prosperity without them.
researchers went ahead and did a trial on six
human volunteers. Now they’re all in intensive
A) Actually, Britain‘s American colonies had no
care, and one of them is in a coma!
significant mineral wealth and, therefore,
June :- ----
they turned to agriculture.
Tracy :- I think it’s because the humans’
B) Moreover, as far as I am concerned, the
cells reacted differently with the drug than the
Spanish colonial economy was dominated
monkeys’ cells.
by mining.
C) On the other hand, the Portuguese
A) The researchers should release the clinical
government allowed only Portuguese
data so that other researchers can benefit
merchants to trade with their own colonies.
from their mistake.
D) Absolutely. For instance, Europe‘s growing
B) Researchers should be more careful when
wealth in the eighteenth century was simply
testing new drugs on humans.
the result of its colonial possessions.
C) What do you think will happen to him?
E) To compete with the British, the French
D) I wonder why the drug didn’t work in the
government encouraged the development of
volunteers in the same way it had worked in
sugar-producing colonies in the West
the monkeys?
Indies.
E) Researchers hoped that the drug would be
capable of activating immune cells other
antibody-drugs could not activate.

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67. Terence :It is a fact that the oversea 69. The Malaysian make of car should be king of
maritime explorations in the late fifteenth and the roads there, owing to the steep tariffs
early sixteenth centuries improved our imposed on imported cars; but this is not
knowledge of geography tremendously. the case.
Jim :- Well, we all know it. Why do you
bring it up? A) Malaysian-made cars are only preferable to
Terence :- ---- foreign makes because they are cheaper,
Jim :- Naturally, the same view was though not much cheaper.
held by the Church and also the crusaders. B) Since foreign cars are so heavily taxed,
home produced makes are far more popular
A) Ancient geographers divided the earth into in Malaysia; this is only natural.
five climatic zones that are still recognized C) Tariffs on imported cars In Malaysia are
today. prohibitive and this is why people buy home
B) Actually, in antiquity, geography owed most produced models though they do not wish
of its development to the Hellenistic to.
astronomer Eratosthenes. D) One might expect the Malaysian make of
C) The amazing thing is that, by means of car to be the most popular make there as
sundials placed some hundreds of miles imported cars are so heavily taxed; but it is
apart, the astronomer Eratosthenes not so.
calculated the circumference of the earth. E) Surprisingly enough, foreign cars are just as
D) For the simple reason that the world was popular as Malaysian ones there even
understood differently and wrongly in the though they are heavily taxed.
Middle Ages. For instance, medieval
geographers regarded Jerusalem as the 70. I can't understand why we haven't heard
centre of the earth. from him yet: he must have received the
E) In fact, it was the Hellenistic astronomer and parcel several days ago.
geographer Eratosthenes that first
suggested the possibility of reaching A) Surely he would have contacted us
eastern Asia by sailing west. immediately on receiving the parcel; but it's
hardly likely that it hasn't reached him.
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en B) I'm worried because he still hasn't contacted
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. us could it be that the parcel still hasn't
reached him?
68. Coffee beans are second only to petroleum C) It's odd that he still hasn't got in touch with
as the most traded commodity in the world. us: surely the parcel reached him at least a
day or two ago.
A) Petroleum is the world's most traded D) I was sure he'd get in touch with us about
commodity, and after that come coffee the parcel; could it be that he hasn't
beans. received it yet?
B) Petroleum and coffee beans share the E) He really ought to have got in touch with us
honour of being the world's most traded before this, unless, of course, he still hasn't
commodities. received the parcel.
C) Coffee beans vie with petroleum as the
world's most sought-after commodity.
D) Coffee beans are not the world's most
sought-after commodity.
E) Petroleum has superseded coffee beans as
the world's most traded commodity.

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71. Some scientists think that a meteor impact, 73. World War II left Europe a land of wreckage
that occurred around 65 million years ago, and confusion. Millions of refugees travelled
may have caused the extinction of the hundreds or thousands of miles on foot to
dinosaurs. return to their homes while others were
forcibly displaced from their lands. ----. Food
A) In the opinion of some scientists, the remained in dangerously short supply, and
extinction of the dinosaurs could have been even a year after the war roughly 100 million
the result of the impact of a meteor which people in Europe still lived on less than 1,
occurred roughly 65 million years ago. 500 calories per day.
B) According to some scientists, the extinction
of the dinosaurs was caused by a meteor A) In some areas housing was practically
that struck Earth 657 million or so years nonexistent, with no available means to
ago. build anew
C) Some scientists reckon that the impact of a B) The Soviet campaign to control eastern
meteor that struck Earth some 65 million Europe did not go unchallenged
years ago need not have caused the C) Historians estimate that in World War II
extinction of the dinosaurs. nearly 50 million people died
D) These scientists agree that the impact of a D) Even more than World War I, World War II
meteor over 65 million years ago must have involved the combined efforts of whole
caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. populations
E) The extinction of the dinosaurs could only E) Since industry was essential to winning the
have been caused by a meteor impact that war, centres of industry became vital
occurred some 65 million years ago. military targets

72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 74. Hippopotamuses can be irritable and
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek aggressive when it comes to defending their
cümleyi bulunuz. territory and their young. ----. They have
trampled or gored people who came too
near, dragged them into lakes, tipped over
72. Ballet is theatrical representation in dance
their boats, and bitten off their heads.
form in which music also plays a major part
in telling a story or conveying a mood.
A) Hippos are led by dominant males, which
Some such form of entertainment existed in
can weigh 6,000 pounds or more
ancient Greece. ----. From there, it was taken
B) Agricultural irrigation systems and other
by Caterina de‘ Medici in the 16th century to
developments have depleted the hippos’
France in the form of a spectacle combining
wetland, river and lake habitats
singing, dancing, and speech. During the
C) Although hippos occasionally fight with
18th century, there were major
crocodiles, a growing number of their
developments in technique, and ballet
attacks are on humans
gradually became divorced from opera,
D) A decade ago there were about 160,000
emerging as an art form in its own right.
hippos in Africa, but the population has
dwindled to between 125,000 and 148,000
A) Ballet developed in the UK through the
today
influence of Marie Rambert
E) In countries beset by civil unrest, where
B) But Western ballet as we know it today first
people are hungry and desperate, hippos
appeared in Renaissance Italy, where it was
are hunted for their meat
a form of court entertainment
C) Ballet developed further in the USA through
the work of George Balanchine and the
American Ballet Theater
D) In fact, it was drama, rather than ballet,
which greatly appealed to the Greeks
E) In the 20th century, Russian ballet had a
vital influence on the classical tradition in
the West

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75. ----? The answer to that question can range 78. (I) Among the fundamental themes of Greek
from days to months to decades on the one tragedy were justice, law, and the conflicting
extreme and from centuries to millenia, and demands of piety and obligation that drove a
possibly even longer depending on such heroic man or woman to destruction. (II) They
diverse and interrelated factors as design, were mostly derived from Homer. (III) Most
construction and maintenance. tragedies were the dramatization of well-known
myths and legends from the past. (IV) But
A) How old is the world-famous Brooklyn decidedly contemporary issues and events
Bridge were also represented in some tragedies. (V)
B) Can a bridge possibly be designed to last a Epic and lyric poetry were already well
century established Greek literary forms when the fifth
C) How long did London’s Millennium Bridge century B.C. began.
stay open
D) The Tacoma Narrows Bridge lasted only A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
four months before it fell to the wind, didn’t it 79. (I) According to recent data, doctors
E) How long can a bridge last sometimes misdiagnose migraines as “sinus
headaches”.(II) Migraines are an inherited form
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla of recurring headaches. (III) This confusion in
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü diagnosis occurs because neurons in the brain
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. stem can activate the sinuses during a
migraine, causing them to secrete a clear fluid.
76. (I) One of the major strategies to manage (IV) Yet this discharge differs from the cloudy
global warming is prevention. (II) Prevention of fluid produced by a sinus infection.(V)
global warming involves developing ways to Therefore, it is advisable for doctors to consider
prevent the buildup of greenhouse gases in the migraines more seriously and to look for clear
atmosphere. (III) It is the ultimate and best nasal secretions as symptoms.
solution because it is permanent. (IV) However,
it requires new technologies that have not yet A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
been developed. (V) Most of all, environmental
problems are connected to overpopulation. 80. (I) Oil wealth in Venezuela has given rise to
grand aspirations ever since 1922, when a
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V blowout of oilsprayed “black rain” over the small
town of Cabimas.(II) By 1928, Venezuela had
77. (I) When we exercise, our body naturally become the world’s largest oil exporter, with
produces heat. (II) Exercising in extreme Venezuelans of all classes acquiring costly
temperatures therefore provides an added Yanqui tastes. (III) In recent surveys, a majority
stress on our body to cool down. (III) In fact, our of Venezuelans said they had benefitted from
body cools down by redirecting the flow of government spending on food and health care
blood to the skin, so the evaporation of sweat as well as on education. (IV) In 1976, the
can dissipate heat from the blood. (IV) government nationalized its subsoil wealth, and
Unfortunately, individuals who take part in high oil prices and stable politics increased the
outdoor activities such as tennis, golf, or national living standard. (V) But by 1980, oil
running are at greater risk of physical injury. (V) prices began to fall, and hard times followed,
However, when the climate is humid, sweat making life difficult for most Venezuelans.
cannot evaporate from the skin, and the body
struggles to cool down. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 29 5. There has been increasing pressure in the

US to ---- the amount of funding allocated to
foreign aid, and instead, use the funds to
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere improve the domestic economy.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) make up for
1. China and India serve as models for Africa B) point out to
because their experiences hold lessons for C) keep up with
developing countries on how to manage ---- D) cut down on
economic and political transformation. E) take up with

A) deceitful 6. Exploring the human genome for clues to

B) persuasive human evolution and migration is
C) accessible something of a battlefield, and the ground
D) irregular rules of this new science are still being ----.
E) gradual
A) worked at
2. For the information systems to work B) worked out
properly, you need to ---- the technology to C) worked through
suit the situation. D) worked back
E) worked for
A) convince
B) adjust 7. Although she ---- properly yet, the recipient
C) reduce of the world‘s first face transplant ---- well,
D) sustain according to the first scientific report of the
E) explain operation.

3. The Allied bombing campaign against A) hadn‘t smiled / would have done
Germany in World War II exacted terrible B) didn‘t smile / will do
damage on the country‘s factories, C) doesn‘t smile / may have done
transportation network, population, and ---- D) couldn‘t have smiled / does
very limited fuel-production capacity. E) can‘t smile / is doing

A) already 8. North Korea still ---- a vast police state that -

B) solely --- a network of concentration camps
C) immediately spanning the country.
D) inadequately
E) rightly A) was maintaining / has included
B) had maintained / would include
4. The greatest ---- to the spread of nuclear C) is maintaining / had included
technology and nuclear power reactors to D) maintains / includes
developing countries is that it will increase E) maintained / will include
the risks of nuclear weapons proliferation.
9. Until recently, some scientists ---- that many
A) obligation individuals of the same species ---- specific
B) contribution tasks better than the same number of
C) solution individuals from different species.
D) condition
E) objection A) will think / are performing
B) were thinking / will perform
C) think / ought to perform
D) had thought / would be performing
E) thought / could perform

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10. If microchips ---- back in the late 1950s, 15. ---- the invention of the printing press and
computer technology ---- as advanced as it improved methods ---- making paper, the
is today. rapid spread of knowledge became
possible.
A) weren’t developed / isn’t
B) hadn’t been developed / wouldn’t be A) For / about
C) wouldn’t have been developed / weren’t B) By / from
D) wouldn’t be developed / wouldn’t be C) With / of
E) weren’t being developed / won’t be D) At / in
E) Through / on
11. Studying the origin of language was once
thought to be ---- an endeavour ---- scientific 16. Two factors that contribute ---- the Eastern
societies actually forbade it. Sierra’s wildflower diversity are its local
habitat diversity and the fact that it is the
A) rather / than meeting point ---- three floristic regions.
B) such / that
C) not / but A) over / from
D) either / or B) for / in
E) both / and C) into / at
D) on / about
12. Every Turkish citizen over the age of 25 is E) to / for
eligible to be a deputy in Parliament ---- he
or she has completed primary education
and has not been convicted of a serious
crime.

A) with the idea that

B) from the point of view that
C) despite the fact that
D) by the fact that
E) on condition that

13. Most wild animals are ---- shy that they run
away as soon as they are disturbed.

A) much
B) too
C) as
D) such
E) so

14. ---- people have been diagnosed with

cardiovascular disease (CVD), they typically
enter a cardiac rehabilitation programme to
change their lifestyle and thereby avoid
subsequent CVD.

A) Whereas
B) After
C) While
D) Even though
E) As if

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Education is both a consumption and an investment The Pergamum of Eumenes II is remembered (22) -
good. The (17) ---- of knowledge by reading a book --- for its library. Said to have held more than 200,
can give pleasure and benefits to an individual 000 volumes, the library was a symbol of
equivalent to consuming an ice-cream or seeing a Pergamum‘s social and cultural status. Eumenes
film at the cinema. But education can also help was a passionate book collector, and his library
advance in a chosen career (18) ---- success is came to challenge the world‘s greatest one in
achieved in specific examinations. If a financial gain Alexandria (700, 000 books). Afraid that the
is thereby achieved, then the time spent in the Pergamum library (23) ---- famous scholars away
educational process (19) ---- seen as an investment. from Alexandria, the Egyptians cut off the supply of
By investing in yourself you hope that your papyrus from the Nile. Never one to refuse a
enhanced skills add to your potential earning power challenge, Eumenes set his scientists to work and
in the labour market; your qualifications should help they (24) ---- pergamen (Latin for parchment), a
you to compete that much better against those (20) writing surface made from animal hides rather than
---- qualified for a particular job. As far as an pressed papyrus reeds. (25) ---- the end, however, it
employer is concerned, your educational was the Egyptians who had the last laugh. (26) ----
qualification is a means (21) ---- filtering where there the library at Alexandria was damaged by fire, Mark
is keen competition for a post. Antony pillaged the one at Pergamum for books to
give to his beloved Cleopatra.
17.
A) contribution 22.
B) exclusion A) with a view
C) obscurity B) as well as
D) acquisition C) most of all
E) continuation D) enough
E) just in case
18.
A) even so 23.
B) since A) attracted
C) if B) would attract
D) as if C) might have attracted
E) unless D) will attract
E) may attract
19.
A) might have been 24.
B) would be A) came up with
C) was B) stepped over
D) had been C) stood against
E) can be D) ran over
E) carried on with
20.
A) as much 25.
B) less A) Off
C) least B) In
D) the same C) By
E) fewer D) Through
E) To
21.
A) of 26.
B) by A) Even though
C) over B) Until
D) with C) In case
E) through D) Even if
E) When

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. In democratic societies, everybody should
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. have the right to express and advocate his
own views , ----.

27. He has focused on moving the complexity of

A) so that the good life was made equally
computing from the desktop to the network,
available to all persons
----.
B) since nowhere is courage better
demonstrated than in a crisis situation
A) where it can be managed more easily
C) in order that people become insensitive to
B) if computers could communicate more
violations of the law
easily with one another
D) while they are few in number
C) that his improvements actually caught the
E) regardless of how unpopular they may be
eye of thePentagon
D) though it became the most widely used
32. In order to enable students to survive and
operating system of its day
thrive in a technological world, ----.
E) which would have been the greatest
challenge of his career
A) group projects may be difficult to complete
since teachers need to shift their roles from
28. The search for patterns in the history of life
information dispenser to a guide
builds on the work of generations of
B) initiatives aimed at infusing technology into
palaeontologists ----.
teacher education programs have been
claimed to be very effective
A) who went out into the field to dig up fossils
C) self-efficacy as a computer technology user
B) that the tools and data are now widely
may be a critical factor in teachers’
available
decisions to integrate technology in the
C) but the mathematics required was not too
classroom
daunting
D) use of technology is more transparent in a
D) so the database would include 36,000
classroom environment where incorporating
genera of marine organisms
technology is a shared responsibility
E) which caused the extinction of the dinosaurs
E) teachers should provide them with
instructional activities enriched with
29. The discovery of planets outside our solar
technology in which learning is highly
system is of great importance, ----.
interactive

A) as individual dust particles are so small

33. ----, and it is a question of when it will
B) because the triangle of light stretches along
become the world’s most prolific producer
theSun’s path in the sky
of scientific knowledge.
C) since it is the first tangible clue that we may
not be alone in the universe
A) Asian nations make the transition from a
D) if one can communicate with extraterrestrial
manufacturing economy to a knowledge
beings
economy
E) whether similar collections of worlds
B) China’s emergence as a scientific
surround other stars in the galaxy
superpower can no longer be denied
C) The question for the EU and the US is what
30. We think of our eyes as video cameras that
they can bring to the table regarding
make a flawless recording of the world
science
around us, ----.
D) In 1998, China’s research output was
behind that ofEuropean countries
A) whether deleted information is processed
E) China’s volume of scientific output does not
unconsciously has not been investigated
tell us whether that research was any good
B) as the distinction between looking and
seeing is greater than one can imagine
C) but experiments show how little information
we actually take in at a glance
D) however, a recent experiment indicates that
this cannot be the entire reason
E) therefore, there is a close relationship
between what we think and what we see

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34. When asked who they really are , ----. 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
A) many ideas about the mind are derived from cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
scholastic principles bulunuz.
B) contemporary philosophers see people as
the embodiment of their minds
37. When the Sirkeci train station went into
C) most people will try to describe their
service on November 3, 1890, the waiting
behavioural characteristics or ways of
room was heated with stoves brought from
thinking
Austria and lit by coal-gas lamps.
D) it might be thought that self-esteem is totally
responsible for one’s rational decisions
A) 3 Kasım 1890‘da hizmete giren Sirkeci
E) the soul is defined as the cognitive and
tren istasyonunun hava gazı lambalarıyla
immortal self of a person by psychologists
aydınlatılan bekleme salonu, çoğu
Avusturya‘dan ithal edilen sobalarla
35. Once the immune system has weakened, ----
ısıtılıyordu.
.
B) Sirkeci tren istasyonu 3 Kasım 1890‘da
hizmete girdiğinde, bekleme salonu
A) it is not clear why some people get recurring
Avusturya‘dan getirtilen sobalarla ısıtılıyor
infections
ve hava gazı lambalarıyla aydınlatılıyordu.
B) a virus can overcome the body’s primary
C) 3 Kasım 1890‘da, bekleme salonu hava
defences and cause colds and flu
gazı lambalarıyla aydınlatılan ve
C) antibiotics will only be suggested if there is
Avusturya‘dan ithal edilen sobalarla
another bacterial infection
ısıtılan Sirkeci tren istasyonu hizmete
D) taking painkillers will probably ease the
girdi.
early symptoms of the disease
D) Sirkeci tren istasyonu 3 Kasım 1890‘da
E) one can use menthol products to help clear
hizmete girdiğinde, hava gazı lambalarıyla
a runny nose
aydınlatılan bekleme salonunu ısıtmak için
Avusturya‘dan soba ithal edilmişti.
36. Because breast cancer rarely produces
E) Sirkeci tren istasyonunun Avusturya
symptoms in its early stages, ----.
sobalarıyla ısıtılan ve hava gazı
lambalarıyla aydınlatılan bekleme salonu,
A) the different types of breast cancer differ
3 Kasım 1890‘da hizmete girmişti
greatly in their response to treatment
B) most surgeons take into account a number
38. More than half of the work force walked out
of issues
yesterday after the company announced it
C) it may be treated with a variety of surgical
would close the plant to save millions of
options
dollars.
D) treatment depends on the characteristics of
the cancer
A) İş gücünün yarısından fazlası dün iş yerini
E) routine screening is especially important
terk edince, şirket, milyonlarca dolar
tasarruf etmek amacıyla fabrikayı
kapatabileceğini belirtti.
B) Milyonlarca doları kurtarmak için, şirket,
fabrikayı kapatacağını açıklayınca, iş
gücünün yaklaşık yarısı dün iş yerini terk
etti.
C) Şirketin, milyonlarca doları kurtarmak için,
fabrikayı kapatacağını bildirmesi üzerine,
iş gücünün yarıya yakını dün işi bırakıp
gitti.
D) Şirket, milyonlarca dolar tasarruf etmek
için, fabrikayı kapatacağını ilan ettikten
sonra, iş gücünün yarısından fazlası dün
iş bıraktı.
E) Dün iş gücünün yarısına yakını iş bıraktığı
için, şirket, fabrikayı kapatacağını ve
böylelikle milyonlarca dolar tasarruf
edeceğini açıkladı.

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39. When sociologists mention the development 41. Dewey; eğitimde 'yaparak öğrenme'
of industrial societies, they usually mean yaklaşımını savunmuş ve çocukların,
the broad historical process through which çalışmalarında yaratıcı olmaları teşvik
these societies acquired their modern edildiğinde, daha çok öğrendikleri fikrini öne
occupations, institutions and organizations. sürmüştür.

A) Sanayi toplumlarının gelişmesinden A) Dewey, who thought that children learn

bahsedildiğinde toplum bilimcilerin dikkat better when they are encouraged to be
çektikleri nokta; genellikle bu toplumların creative in their work, put forward a
çağdaş meslek, kurum ve kuruluşlarını 'learning by doing' approach to education.
elde ettikleri geniş tarihsel süreçtir. B) Dewey believed that a 'learning by doing'
B) Toplum bilimcilerin sanayi toplumlarının approach to education helped children
gelişmesinden kastettikleri; bu toplumların learn more in their studies than from
geniş bir tarihsel süreç içerisinde ilerlerken traditional methods.
elde ettikleri meslek, kurum ve C) Dewey’s “'earning by doing' approach to
kuruluşlardır. education maintained the idea that
C) Toplum bilimcilere göre; sanayi children learn more when they are
toplumlarının gelişimi anlatılırken bu encouraged to be creative in their work.
toplumların geniş bir tarihsel süreç D) Dewey advocated a 'learning by doing'
içerisinde elde etmiş oldukları çağdaş approach to education, maintaining the
meslek, kurum ve kuruluşlardan sıklıkla idea that children learn more when they
bahsedilmelidir. are encouraged to be creative in their
D) Sanayi toplumlarının gelişmesi, toplum studies.
bilimcilere göre; genellikle bu toplumların E) Dewey, believing that younger children
geniş ve tarihsel bir süreçte elde etmiş learn better when they are encouraged to
oldukları çağdaş meslek, kurum ve be imaginative in their studies, supported
kuruluşlarla ilgilidir. a 'learning by doing' approach to
E) Toplum bilimciler sanayi toplumlarının education.
gelişmesinden bahsederken genellikle bu
toplumların çağdaş meslek, kurum ve 42. Çölleşme ve diğer ekosistem değişiklikleri,
kuruluşlarını elde ettikleri geniş tarihsel ilk kez 1976’da iklimin geleceğini etkileyen
süreci kastederler. önemli unsurlar olarak tanınmıştır.

40. Vücudun kendini önemli ölçüde A) Changes in the ecosystem as well as

yenilemesini sağlayan öğle uykusu, özellikle deforestation were first recognized in 1976
Arjantin ve Filipinler gibi sıcak ülkelerde as factors influencing the future of the
uygulanan yaygın bir gelenektir. climate.
B) In 1976, deforestation and other
A) In hot countries like Argentina and the ecosystem changes were accepted as
Philippines, siesta is a common tradition crucial factors for the future of the climate
which is particularly practised in order to C) Deforestation and other ecosystem
help the body renew itself remarkably changes were first recognized in 1976 as
B) Generally practised in hot countries like important factors affecting the future of the
Argentina and the Philippines, siesta is a climate.
popular tradition that helps the body D) In 1976, deforestation and other
renew itself with ease. ecosystem changes were identified as
C) Siesta helps the body renew itself being among the most important factors
substantially, and it is a common tradition for the future of the climate.
mostly practised in hot countries such as E) Both deforestation and other ecosystem
Argentina and the Philippines changes were accepted in 1976 as factors
D) Siesta, which helps the body renew itself affecting the future of the climate.
considerably, is a widespread tradition
especially practised in hot countries such
as Argentina and the Philippines.
E) In addition to being a widespread tradition
mainly practised in hot countries like
Argentina and the Philippines, siesta helps
the body renew itself to a great extent.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. It can be understood from the passage that
th
cevaplayınız. 20 century technologies such as nuclear
weapons ----.
th
Unlike 20 -century technologies like nuclear
A) could easily have been controlled by a few
weapons, which were self-limiting because they
individuals
depended on rare and expensive materials, new
B) were easy to control due to their reliance
technologies such as genetic engineering,
on costly resources that are difficult to
nanotechnology and robotics are easily within the
obtain
reach of individuals or small groups. With each of
C) were easy to control since only the
these new technologies, a sequence of small,
national governments had access to them
harmless advances leads to an accumulation of
D) were controlled by the national
great power, and at the same time, great danger.
governments of a very few countries, and
Individuals with knowledge of the technologies could
thus, were unlikely to prove dangerous
use them to cause great damage to the human race
E) were far more likely to prove beneficial
or to the earth. Nanotechnology, for example, could
than harmful
create viruses that reproduce uncontrollably and
cover the planet. Intelligent robots could make
46. It is made clear in the passage that new
copies of themselves and eventually control our
technologies such as genetic engineering,
civilization. Accordingly, with new technology comes
nanotechnology and robotics could prove
the new responsibility to use it to help, rather than
dangerous ----.
harm, the human race and the planet.
A) even though those working on them are all
43. We understand from the passage that the
fully aware of their responsibilities
new technologies of the present century ----.
B) since they are designed to harm not to
help life on earth
A) are not likely to bring any benefits, not
C) as they are already showing signs of
even of a temporary nature
getting out of control
B) will certainly put an end to life on the
D) due to their easy accessibility by
planet
individuals or small groups
C) pose a possible threat to society and the
E) but nobody expects them to do so
planet
D) are largely controlled by individuals and
groups that want to destroy the planet
E) are already showing signs of controlling
our civilization

44. It is clear from the passage that the writer

----.

A) believes that individuals with access to the

new technologies must use them
responsibly
B) is sure that only responsible individuals
have so far been allowed access to the
new technologies
C) is confident that individuals with access to
the new technologies will definitely use
them to help, rather than harm, the human
race and the planet
D) fears that all the individuals with access to
the new technologies wish to harm the
human race and the planet
E) is extremely optimistic about how the new
technologies will be used

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. As is pointed out in the passage, the Higgs
cevaplayınız. field ----.

A) covers space completely and is of a

According to the most accurate scientific theory ever
homogeneous nature
created and generally known as the standard
B) has the same characteristics as a
model, all of space is filled with a mysterious stuff
magnetic or gravitational field
called “the Higgs field”. Unlike magnetic or
C) has been known for centuries and led to
gravitational fields, which vary from place to place
the theory of gravity
(as, for instance, the fact that things weigh more on
D) has had no impact on the formation of
Earth than on the surface of the Moon), the Higgs
galaxies and stars
field is exactly the same everywhere. What varies is
E) is only related to the interactions of
how the different fundamental particles interact with
photons, protons, and neutrons
it. That interaction, the theory goes, is what gives
particles mass. In other words, the Higgs field is
what makes some particles, such as protons and 50. In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact
neutrons, relatively heavy, others (like electrons) that the theory of the Higgs field ----.
subatomic lightweights, and still others (like
photons) utterly massless. If photons weren’t so A) has been used as the standard model for
light, a person would be shredded by a photon an explanation of magnetic fields
hailstorm every time he or she was exposed to a B) is absolutely reliable and sheds light on
sunbeam. Then again, if protons and neutrons how the universe was formed
weren’t so heavy, one wouldn’t dare to go outside to C) helps us understand how to avoid the
sunbathe anyway. So without mass and its affinity dangerous effects of solar rays
for gravity, there would be no galaxies, no stars, and D) constitutes the basis of nuclear physics,
no us. since it is concerned with nuclear
elements
E) is indispensable for an understanding of
47. One learns from the passage that, in the Moon’s gravity and its effects
magnetic or gravitational fields, ----.

A) photons have an equal mass to that of

protons and neutrons
B) things do not interact at all and are
therefore massless
C) the weight of things is never the same, but
changes according to location
D) there are still many mysteries that need to
be explained accurately
E) it is not clear how different fundamental
particles interact with each other

48. It is emphasized in the passage that mass

----.

A) is the weight of a thing and is wholly

dependent on gravity
B) is fundamentally different from weight and
the two terms should not be confused
C) can only be observed in magnetic and
gravitational fields
D) shows no difference on Earth and on the
surface of the Moon
E) is essentially a function of how particles
interact with the Higgs field

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. It is stressed in the passage that the Berlin
cevaplayınız. Wall ----.

A) had been built by the East German

The most significant political change in eastern Europe
government in order to prevent any
during the late 1980s was the collapse of communism
access to West Berlin
in East Germany and the unification of East and West
B) not only divided East and West, but also,
Germany. Although long considered the most
more importantly, symbolized the Cold
prosperous of the Soviet satellite countries, East
War and the Iron Curtain
Germany suffered from severe economic stagnation
C) signified both the powerlessness of
and environmental degradation. Waves of East
Honecker’s government and the failure of
Germans registered their discontent with worsening
his economic policies
conditions by massive illegal emigration to the West.
D) would have been demolished even if East
This exodus together with evidence of widespread
Germany had retained communism
official corruption led to the resignation of East
E) gave rise to a great many ideological
Germany’s long-time, hard-line premier, Erich
controversies between East and West
Honecker. His successor, Egon Krenz, promised
Germany
reforms, but he was nevertheless faced with continuing
protests and continuing mass emigration. In the end,
53. According to the passage, with the collapse
on 4 November 1989, the government, in a move that
of the Berlin Wall, ----.
acknowledged its powerlessness to hold its citizens
captive, opened its border with Czechoslovakia. This
A) the Soviet satellite countries were
move effectively freed East Germans to travel to the
exposed to Western ideas
West. In a matter of days, the Berlin Wall, which had
B) East and West Germany signed a treaty of
been the embodiment of the Cold War, the Iron
reunification
Curtain, and the division of East from West, was
C) the economic prosperity of East Germany
demolished by groups of ordinary citizens. Jubilant
continued to increase
crowds from both sides walked through the gaping
D) the East Germans took up their fight
holes that now permitted men, women, and children to
against political corruption
take the few steps that symbolized the return to
E) the East German people were, as it were,
freedom and a chance for national unity.
finally freed from captivity
51. As pointed out in the passage, in the late
54. It is stated in the passage that East
1980s, ----.
Germany ----.

A) Honecker and Krenz were fully committed

A) made various attempts to fight corruption
to the ultimate unification of East and
in the government, but failed
West Germany
B) had continually tried to be re-unified with
B) East Germany began to enjoy so much
West Germany before the fall of the Berlin
prosperity that the other Soviet satellite
Wall
states became envious of its economic
C) had never regarded communism as an
success
acceptable regime until the 1980s
C) the East German government, already
D) faced extremely severe economic and
corrupt and disliked by the people, was no
environmental problems in the 1980s
longer able to prevent mass emigration to
E) had a considerable economic and political
the West
influence on other east European
D) Honecker introduced extremely austere
countries
economic measures in order to improve
worsening conditions and get rid of
corruption
E) East Germany adopted a policy of
cooperation with West Germany so that
the effects of the Cold War could be
eliminated

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. In the passage, reference is made to some
cevaplayınız. parents ----.

A) who have not been educated properly

As adolescents begin to assert their individuality,
and, hence, fail to understand each other
family tensions increase, and battles are fought over
B) who have unattainable aspirations for their
clothes and hair styles, late nights and so on. The
children
doctor may find himself consulted; some parents
C) whose only aim in life is to provide a good
feel that, if their children get into trouble or disagree
education for their children
with them, they must be ill. Others seek a referee or
D) that deal with the problems of their
an accomplice in the battle of the generations. Often
children far better than doctors
the younger doctor in a partnership has an
E) that are completely indifferent to the
advantage in dealing with such problems, being
development of their children’s
able to bridge the generation gap and communicate
individuality
well with both parents and teenagers. Both
generations need education about the other and
58. According to the passage, some parents
particularly about current norms of behaviour.
think that ----.
Children may have to be reminded that their parents
also have rights, and parents, especially those with
A) current norms of behaviour in society can
unrealistic ambitions for their offspring, or those
never be tolerated
determined to live their lives again through their
B) children must never be allowed to act
children, must be taught to give their children more
independently or behave differently
independence.
C) it is not always helpful to consult a doctor
about the behaviour of their children
55. It is suggested in the passage that the
D) any disagreement with their children is an
generation gap between parents and their
indication of their abnormality
teenage children ----.
E) tensions in the family will always lead to
an unending generation battle
A) can best be bridged through mutual
understanding and tolerance
B) has ruined many families and caused
many problems in education
C) has always been a primary concern
among younger doctors
D) is unnecessarily exaggerated by young
doctors
E) could easily turn into a major problem that
cannot be solved

56. One understands from the passage that, in

the case of adolescents, ----.

A) parents rather than doctors know how to

get over problems of behaviour
B) staying out late at night must never be
allowed by parents
C) it is seldom that there arises a conflict with
their parents
D) changes in behaviour do, in fact, indicate
a statement of individuality
E) any disagreement with their parents
mostly results from family tensions

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. As one understands from the passage, Sir
cevaplayınız. William Jones ----.

A) made fundamental changes in the judicial

In 1786 Sir William Jones, a British judge serving in
system of eighteenth-century India
India, made a discovery that transformed knowledge
B) was a professional linguist and spent his
about prehistory and began the formal study of
time in India by the study of Sanskrit
historical linguistics. Turning his spare time towards
C) rejected the view that the European Celtic
the study of Sanskrit, the ancient language from
languages derived from a common source
which the predominant languages of the South
D) studied Sanskrit only when he was free
Asian subcontinent derive, Jones discovered that
from his judicial responsibilities
Sanskrit shares features of grammar and
E) was very interested in the prehistory of
vocabulary with Latin and ancient Greek to an
India and made several discoveries
extent inexplicable by sheer coincidence. His
interest further aroused, he then examined the early
Germanic language called “Gothic”, the ancient 62. According to the passage, the beginnings of
Celtic languages of Europe, and Old Persian, and historical linguistics ----.
found that they, too, exhibited marked similarities to
Sanskrit. He concluded that all these languages A) were marked by the discovery in the
must have evolved from a common but now-extinct eighteenth century that the languages of
linguistic source. In the early nineteenth century, the South Asian subcontinent had evolved
both this ancient language and the later languages from Sanskrit
that derived from it, were labelled “Indo-European,” B) can be dated back to the early nineteenth
reflecting their wide distribution from India and century when the term “Indo-European”
Ireland. was introduced
C) are traced back to the work of Sir William
59. One can conclude from the passage that
Jones in the eighteenth century
Gothic ----.
D) have always been controversial, since Sir
William Jones’s theory about the Indo-
A) originally derived from Latin and had the
European languages was based on a
same grammatical features
false assumption
B) had no relationship whatsoever with
E) were confined only to Jones’s study of
Sanskrit and other languages
Sanskrit and did not include his study of
C) was an old language which was spoken
the other Indo- European languages
throughout Europe, including Ireland
D) was the only language in which Sir William
Jones took a special interest
E) was the language spoken by early
Germanic peoples

60. It is pointed out in the passage that Sanskrit

----.

A) is the only language which is widely

spoken among the peoples of South Asia
B) and other Indo-European languages are
closely related with each other
C) was first studied by Sir William Jones in
the eighteenth century
D) was the most ancient language from
which Latin and Greek have evolved
E) has a grammatical structure which is
entirely different from that of Old Persian

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 66. Michelle :- It says in this article that Jupiter’s
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi moon Europahas relatively few craters on it –
bulunuz. only one or twosignificant ones.
Kathy :- I wonder why it has so few, when
some ofJupiter’s other moons and our own
63. Margaret :- Have you read this article about
moon haveso many.
the 1987nuclear contamination incident in
Michelle :- ----
Goiânia, Brazil?
Kathy :- Oh, yes, I’ve read about that. It has to
Henry :- ----
do withtides changing the surface features,
Margaret :- Well, apparently some people
doesn’t it?
found an abandoned radiation-therapy machine
and opened it up. Many people were
A) The article says that it would be surprising
contaminated and 4 eventually died.
if the tides weren’t still active.
Henry :- That’s terrible! The machine
B) Scientists think that the surface has been
should have been disposed of safely.
completely re-made in the cosmically
recent past.
A) Why did you read the article?
C) The continously changing surface would
B) Not yet. Is it worth reading?
create organisms, if there are any, that
C) Yes, it’s terrible, isn’t it?
could adapt easily to the changes.
D) What do you think about it?
D) Since there are many tiny bodies in the
E) No, what happened?
outer solar system, they would normally
have hit Europa, forming craters.
64. Fran :- ----
E) The weak ice on Europa’s surface cannot
Jim :- Why are these studies so important?
support high mountains.
Fran :- Well, scientists are comparing
monozygotic(identical) twins with dizygotic
67. Andy :- Well; did you enjoy the film?
(fraternal) twinsto see if their traits or behaviour
Brenda :- Not really. There was nothing new or
are influencedmore by their genes or their
original inthe plot.
environment.
Andy :- ----
Brenda :- I agree. That was good. In fact,
A) According to a recent study, fraternal
sometimesbrilliant.
twins are no more similar than any two
biological siblings.
A) True. For me the best thing was the
B) In the study, it has been suggested that
photography.
the IQ scores of two identical twins are
B) Yes; I was disappointed, too.
usually more closely related than those of
C) It was a typical musical comedy.
two fraternal twins.
D) What did you think of the father-son
C) There are lots of studies recently being
relationship?
carried out on twins.
E) Didn’t you find the dog attractive?
D) One can conclude from this study that
fraternal twins share an environment as
similar as that of identical twins.
E) That particular study concentrated on
identical twins.

65. Frank :- Do you know which country has

the most tourists each year?
Tom :- ----
Frank :- No, it’s France, but the US takes
in more money from tourism than any other
country.

A) No, I don’t.
B) I should think it must be Italy.
C) There is fierce competition among
countries, isn’t there?
D) Where do you like to travel?
E) Portugal is the country I am most
interested in.

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 71. Get Jim to give the speech of welcome; he's
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. quite the best person for the job.

A) Try to persuade Jim to give the speech of

68. The lesson to be drawn from his success
welcome: he's good at such things.
story is the importance of understanding the
B) Jim will give a far better speech of
market.
welcome than anyone else would get him
to do it.
A) He was only successful after he had
C) As he's good at things like that, why don't
learned to appreciate the scope of his
you get Jim to give the speech of
market.
welcome?
B) The ability to understand is an essential
D) One person who is good at speechmaking
ingredient of success, especially in
is Jim; ask him to do it.
business.
E) Jim will make as good a speech of
C) His success lies in his sensitive grasp of
welcome as anyone l know; see if he'll
the market; and that's the main point to be
agree to do it.
learned.
D) Marketing techniques are of first
importance to the businessman.
E) His success story has no parallel and is 72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
not likely to be repeated. anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
cümleyi bulunuz.
69. Shall we have chicken with mushroom
sauce for dinner tonight? 72. People adopt health-related behaviours in
order to stay healthy and to combat disease.
A) Do the children like chicken with ----.However, all of these models have some
mushroom sauce? I’m planning to fix that limitations, especially in their ability to
for dinner tonight. predict the health-related behaviours of
B) What would you like for dinner tonight? people who lack the financial resources
Chicken again? necessary to pursue proper medical
C) I’m making chicken in a different way attention.
tonight, OK?
D) Would you like to have chicken with A) Several theoretical models have been
mushroom sauce for dinner tonight? formulated in an effort to explain and
E) If I make chicken for dinner tonight, should predict health behaviours, and most of
I put mushroom sauce on it? these theories have some value in
predicting and explaining health-related
70. I refuse to lie about it at the trial; it's against behaviour
my principles to do otherwise. B) Although the meaning of these models
may seem obvious, their definitions have
A) You'd be well advised to stick to the truth been elusive
at the trial; it doesn't pay to lie there. C) The limitation of each of these models is
B) At the trial I shall stick to the truth; I really their inability to accurately measure a
can't bring myself to lie there. number of social, ethnic and demographic
C) Don't listen to them if they want you to lie factors that also affect people’s health-
for them; surely you're above that. seeking behaviour
D) It would be unforgivable to lie at the trial D) Among these stages is the necessity of
something to be regretted for ever. overcoming their optimistic bias; that is,
E) I won't be bullied into telling lies; it their belief that, although certain
wouldn't do any good any way. behaviours are dangerous, the danger
pertains to other people and not to them
E) In the United States and other Western
countries, people are not “officially” ill until
they are diagnosed by a physician,
making physicians the gatekeepers to
further health care

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73. Photo interpretation in archaeology is the 75. The historian G. Sarton said that the
process by which features photographed development of mathematics is unknown to
from the air, such as soil-marks, are the general public. ----. Cayley’s seminal
analyzed in order to deduce the types of investigations of matrixalgebra were crucial
archaeological structures causing them. ----. for the development of linearal gebra. The
Such plans may guide excavation to key terms matrix, determinant and Jacobian,
points in a structure, place field-collected familiar to most science students, were
data in context, or themselves be used as invented by Slyvester.
the starting point for new research.
A) Cayley was a Trinity College fellow at
A) Archaeologists may use aircraft to search Cambridge for a few years until he
the ground for traces of former sites in the married
landscape B) It isn’t clear when they met, but by 1847
B) Given that the visibility of features varies they were corresponding to share
from year to year, photos taken over thoughts about mathematics
several years need to be studied to C) Each had triumphed on the University of
compile an accurate plan Cambridge’s fearsome Tripos
C) The aerial photograph also highlights an examinations
interesting earlier feature: a shallow D) Certainly very few have ever heard of A.
Neolithic ditch running across the middle Cayley or J.J. Slyvester, two of the most
of the fort prolific mathematicians of the Victorian era
D) Soil marks may reveal the presence of E) J.J. Slyvester was not only a
varied ditches, banks or foundations mathematician but also an enthusiastic
E) Those who take and use aerial poet who called himself the “mathematical
photographs must understand the means Adam”
by which the evidence is made visible in
order to determine the type of feature that 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
has been recorded okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
74. St. Petersburg is not just a city of names
and movements. It is also a city of bridges, 76. (I) On average, 30% of the solar radiation that
with more of them than any other city in the falls on Earth is immediately reflected away by
whole world. With its 101 islands, it is also clouds and surfaces, especially snow, ice, and
worthy of the title―city of islands.‖ Not only ocean. (II) Trees of tropical rain forests are
that, but it has enough canals to compete usually evergreen flowering plants. (III) The
with Venice, Amsterdam, and Stockholm. ---- remaining 70% is absorbed by Earth and runs
. As Dostoevsky‘s hero puts it, ―It is the the water cycle, drives winds and ocean
most abstract and fantastic city on earth. currents, powers photosynthesis, and warms
the planet. (IV) Ultimately, however, all of this
A) But most of all St. Petersburg is a city of energy is lost by the continual radiation of long-
culture, of literature and poetry in wave infrared energy into space. (V) In fact, if
particular heat gains from solar radiation were not
B) There are a total of 539 bridges, including balanced by losses, the Earth would heat up or
315 in the city centre cool down.
C) The sports facilities and activities in it
cannot go unnoticed A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
D) The people of St. Petersburg are offered
various educational opportunities
E) A considerable number of painters and
sculptors have lived there, too

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77. (I) Cervantes‘s masterpiece, the satirical novel 80. (I) A dramatic cut in the cost of a super-efficient
Don Quixote, recounts the adventures of a new breed of solar cell could put domestic solar
Spanish gentleman, Don Quixote of La power on a more economic footing. (II) The
Mancha. (II) Indeed, Cervantes was fully aware cells, which helped take NASA’s electric-
of the developments of the novel as a new powered aircraft Helios to record altitudes, have
literary form. (III) In the novel, Don Quixote is until now been too expensive.(III) But their
fifty years old and has already become manufacturer has found a way to make them as
unbalanced by his constant reading of chivalric much as 20 times cheaper. (IV) The cells
epics. (IV) His mind is filled with all kinds of convert light energy into electricity with an
fantastic adventures. (V) So, he sets out on a efficiency of 20 per cent – which means they
knightly adventure, imagining windmills to be generate one-third more electrical power than
giants, and flocks of sheep to be armies of conventional silicon solar cells. (V) NASA’s
infidels. electrically powered plane Heliossoared to
altitudes above 96, 000 feet (29 kilometres)– a
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V world record for a winged plane not powered by
a rocket engine.
78. (I) Modern historians of science consider
Newton‘s law of universal gravitation to be the A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
greatest contribution to physics ever made by a
single person. (II) The praise for his discovery
was just as great in Newton‘s own time. (III) In
the eyes of his contemporaries he was a
national hero. (IV) During the seventeenth
century, the most innovative scientific work
came out of the universities. (V) He was also
celebrated across Europe, particularly in
France.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) Early in the 20th century, oranges and

grapefruits were ripened for market in sheds
equipped with kerosene stoves. (II) Before
leaves fall, many of the iressential elements are
stored in the stem. (III) Fruit growers thought it
was the heat that ripened the fruit, but when
they tried newer, cleaner-burning stoves, the
fruit did not ripen fast enough. (IV) Plant
biologists learned later that ripening in the
sheds was actually due to ethylene, a gaseous
by-product of kerosene combustion. (V) We
now know that plants produce their own
ethylene, which functions as a hormone that
triggers a variety of aging responses, including
fruit ripening and programmed cell death.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 30 6. It is often argued that a country should not

rely on foreign sources for many of its
products because, in times of war, these
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere sources might well be ----.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) cut off
1. Queen Mary’s attempts to restore B) broken down
Catholicism to England during her reign C) held on
(1553-1558) resulted in ---- turmoil and much D) brought in
bloodshed. E) got away

A) internal 7. The most expensive trip ---- space was

B) reasonable made by a tourist who paid £14 million to
C) stable Russia to visit the International Space
D) arrogant Station ---- eight days.
E) versatile
A) within / at
2. Humans developed the way they did B) on / in
because they had to run long distances in C) through / by
order to ----. D) into / for
E) for / with
A) return
B) admit 8. Sunspots, a barometer ---- solar activity in
C) survive general, seem to have been unusually
D) compete numerous ---- the last century.
E) remain
A) for / at
3. The endlessly flat landscape and thousands B) of / over
of miles of well-maintained cycle tracks C) within / by
make cycling an ---- popular activity in the D) for / about
Netherlands. E) above / from

A) additionally 9. Thanks to the popularity of nature

B) effectively documentaries on television, most people
C) ultimately know that many animals migrate from one
D) extremely place to another ---- the seasons change.
E) accurately
A) so that
4. In 1496, fresh from his ---- of the New World, B) even though
Christopher Columbus was still thinking C) in case
about China. D) whether
E) as
A) invention
B) journey 10. A laptop maker recently released a model
C) possession that lets users change the processor,
D) discovery graphics card and other parts by just
E) pursuit removing one panel, ---- spending hours
disassembling the computer.
5. Geology, the science of the Earth, is ----
several branches including mineralogy, A) due to
petrology, stratigraphy, palaeontology and B) on behalf of
tectonics. C) instead of
D) with regard to
A) divided into E) in order to
B) designed for
C) troubled by
D) brought upon
E) settled into

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11. Unlike many other European nations, 16. More than 50 years ago, six European
Finland has not been the destination of nations ---- to submit their coal and steel
large groups of foreign workers, ---- has it industries to common management, so that
ever been a colonial power. no single country ---- the weapons of war to
be used against another.
A) and
B) nor A) have agreed / had fabricated
C) or B) agreed / could fabricate
D) also C) had agreed / have fabricated
E) not D) agree / will fabricate
E) may have agreed / had been fabricating
12. Chloroform is no longer used as an
anaesthetic for several reasons, the most
important of ---- is the relatively high risk of
complications, including possible heart
failure.

A) that
B) whose
C) what
D) which
E) it

13. If we ---- the materials of technology, silicon

----the first on that list.

A) are listing / was

B) listed / had been
C) were to list / would be
D) had listed / is
E) are to list / has been

14. In a study carried out over a period of six

months, researchers ---- that smoking ---- far
more heart attacks than haemochromatosis.

A) have found / had caused

B) had found / has caused
C) found / caused
D) find / could have caused
E) would have found / causes

15. Alcohol ---- every organ of the body, but the

most dramatic evidence of its disruptive
behaviour ----in the liver.

A) affected / has appeared

B) affects / appears
C) is affecting / appeared
D) had affected / would appear
E) has affected / had appeared

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Eritrea was part of the first Ethiopian kingdom of The term ―emotional intelligence was probably first
Aksum (17) ---- its decline in the 8th century. It used in an unpublished dissertation in 1986. In 1990
came under the control of the Ottoman Empire in it (22) ---- into the field of scientific psychology,
the 16th century, and (18) ---- of the Egyptians. The defined as ―the ability to monitor (23) ---- and
Italians (18) ---- the coastal areas in 1885, and the others‘ feelings, to (24) ---- among them and to use
Treaty of Uccialli, signed on 2nd May 1889, gave this information to guide one‘s thinking and action.
Italy (20) ---- over part of Eritrea. The Italians ruled The concept developed (25) ---- a growing
the colony until World War II It was made an emphasis on research into the (26) ---- of emotion
Ethiopian province in 1962, but a civil war (21) ---- and thought.
against the Ethiopian government led by rebel
groups who opposed the union and wanted 22.
independence for Eritrea. A) was being introduced
B) had been introduced
17. C) would be introduced
A) through D) has been introduced
B) over E) was introduced
C) until
D) with 23.
E) in A) one‘s own
B) one another‘s
18. C) oneself
A) subsequently D) the self
B) widely E) each other‘s
C) unanimously
D) earnestly 24.
E) extensively A) identify
B) distribute
19. C) justify
A) capture D) discredit
B) will capture E) discriminate
C) have captured
D) captured 25.
E) are capturing A) off
B) against
20. C) without
A) institution D) out of
B) sovereignty E) under
C) treatment
D) opposition 26.
E) prominence A) alternation
B) participation
21. C) interaction
A) broke out D) obstruction
B) took off E) complication
C) set out
D) kept on
E) went forward

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. ----, children almost never receive any such
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. explicit information about their native
language during the early years when
acquisition takes place.
27. Some recent findings indicate that hydrogen
sulphide could help treat heart attack
A) Even though linguistic input does not always
patients and keep trauma victims alive ----.
take place in the classroom
B) Until there is some hard evidence that
A) since scientists have known about
language and thought are strictly separated
hydrogensulphide’s toxic effects on humans
C) As it is hard for adults to learn abstract
for centuries
ideas and theories
B) whereas the body manufactures tiny
D) Unlike many second language learners who
quantities of hydrogen sulphide
are taught grammar rules and vocabulary
C) because researchers are developing
directly
hydrogensulphide- based therapies for
E) Because universal patterns of language
various conditions
development can be explained by language-
D) until they can undergo surgery or receive a
specific input
blood transfusion
E) so that it is not the only noxious gas that
31. Scientific mysteries and huge surprises
has been found at work in the human body
await all space explorers ----.

28. ----, Earth’s overall temperature increases.

A) even if we could have the opportunity to
take a scenic journey through space and
A) Because, during the past 1,000 years,
time with a cosmic flight simulator
forests in temperate areas were largely
B) whether they are viewing the Earth from
cleared
outer space or seeking out other planets
B) Since subsistence agriculture accounts for
C) whereas the claim that black holes are
60 per cent of tropical deforestation
crucial to enable galaxies to form is highly
C) As the atmosphere and the oceans warm
controversial
D) Even though wildlife in tropical lands suffers
D) since humans would have undoubtedly
due to deforestation
asked how the Earth evolved
E) While certain parts of the world are critically
E) until the suppositions concerning the
short of protected areas such as national
universe were experimentally tested in order
parks
to gain validity
29. ----, the change in the length of a metal rod
32. While immunologists are working to develop
is generally too small to measure accurately
a successful vaccine and effective drugs to
for ordinary changes in temperature.
treat HIV-infected patients, ----.

A) When the first idea for a thermometer made

A) developing a vaccine against HIV has been
use of the expansion of a gas
a most daunting challenge for them
B) Although metals expand with temperature
B) a vaccine would not be effective against
C) Just as the most common scale today to
new antigens and so would quickly become
measure temperature is the Celsius scale
obsolete
D) As long as the Fahrenheit scale is
C) massive educational programmes are also
commonly used in the United States
being developed to impede the proliferation
E) If different materials do not expand in quite
of AIDS
the same way over a wide temperature
D) HIV often infects the central nervous
range
system; for this reason, an effective drug
must cross the blood-brain barrier
E) other barriers to the development of a
vaccine include the difficulties in finding
human volunteers in whom to test the
vaccine

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33. ---- that consists of physically distinct parts, 36. ----, yet there are also rare penguin species
each with different properties. that inhabit warmer regions of the Earth.

A) By the end of the eighteenth century A) Most penguins are black on the back and
Lavoisier and others had examined many white in front and seldom have any other
compounds colour
B) Millions of substances have been B) Most penguins are flightless birds that live in
characterized by chemists the cold waters of the Southern Hemisphere
C) The various materials we see around us are C) Penguins live in crowded colonies with
either substances or mixtures of substances populations ranging from hundreds of
D) A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture thousands to several million
E) The word 'matter' is the general term used D) In the 19th and 20th centuries, penguins
to refer to the materials around us were threatened by hunters and the penguin
oil industry
34. Although Dublin is a fairly small city, ----. E) The features of the life cycle vary with the
body size of the specific penguin species
A) in the 20th century, they established their
own identities, and today Dublin is a
thriving, modern city, rich in history and
proud of its past 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
B) there is also a river running through the anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
middle cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
C) the first harbour in Dublin was established in bulunuz.
the early 9th century
D) Vikings founded one of their largest 37. Afrika’nın hızlı ekonomik büyümesinin ve
settlements outside Scandinavia on the site nüfus artışının sonucu olarak, yerleşik
of the present city Afrikalı halkın üçte birinden fazlası şu anda
E) it is famous for its rich cultural heritage şehirlerde yaşamaktadır.
which attracts millions of tourists every year
A) Due to the fast economic growth and
35. Once the pollen season starts, ----. population expansion of Africa, up to a
third of African inhabitants prefer to live in
A) in most people, allergic conjunctivitis is part cities now.
of a larger allergy syndrome, such as B) As a result of Africa’s rapid economic
seasonal rhinitis growth and population expansion, over a
B) the different types of allergic reactions are third of African inhabitants currently live in
generally categorized by what causes them cities.
C) antihistamines or decongestants are the C) The ongoing economic growth and
usual initial treatment for seasonal allergic population expansion of Africa have
rhinitis resulted in the immigration of over a third
D) people who have severe adverse effects of African inhabitants to cities.
from taking drugs should consider allergen D) Over a third of African inhabitants prefer to
immunotherapy live in cities, despite the fast economic
E) the nose, the roof of the mouth, the back of growth and population expansion of
the throat, and the eyes start to itch Africa.
E) Africa has experienced a rapid economic
growth and population expansion and as a
result, about a third of African inhabitants
have left the cities now.

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38. Güçlü sesinin yanı sıra, en geniş 40. A person‘s health history may reveal a
repertuvara sahip pop şarkıcılarından biri disease that interferes with the body‘s use
olan Sezen Aksu, yüzden fazla şarkı of nutrients or that affects the person‘s
bestelemiştir. eating habits.

A) Sezen Aksu, who is one of the pop A) Kişinin sağlık öyküsü, yemek yemesini
singers with the richest repertoire as well engelleyen veya bedeninin besinlerden
as a powerful voice, has composed over a yararlanma sürecini etkileyen bir hastalığı
hundred songs. açığa çıkarmada kullanılabilir.
B) Sezen Aksu, who has a powerful voice B) Kişinin sağlık öyküsü, bedenin besinlerden
and is also one of the pop singers with the yararlanmasını engelleyen veya kişinin
richest repertoire, has composed nearly a yemek yeme alışkanlıklarını etkileyen bir
hundred songs. hastalığı açığa çıkarabilir.
C) Sezen Aksu, who has composed more C) İnsanın yemek yemesini engelleyen veya
than a hundred songs, is one of the pop bedenin besinlerden yararlanma sürecini
singers with the richest repertoire and a etkileyen hastalıklar, kişinin sağlık
powerful voice. öyküsünden yararlanılarak ortaya
D) Sezen Aksu, whose powerful voice and çıkarılabilir.
rich repertoire have made her one of the D) Bir kişinin sağlık öyküsünden, hem onun
famous pop singers, has composed more yemek yeme alışkanlıklarını etkileyen hem
than a hundred songs. de bedenin besinlerden yararlanmasını
E) Sezen Aksu has become a famous pop engelleyen hastalıklar kolaylıkla
singer because of her rich repertoire, anlaşılabilir
powerful voice and hundreds of songs she E) Bedenin besinlerden yararlanma sürecini
has composed. etkileyen veya kişinin yemek yemesini
engelleyen hastalıkların çoğu, kişinin
39. Bazı Batı Afrika ülkelerinde, hükûmetlerin, sağlık öyküsünden anlaşılmaktadır
kendi zengin maden kaynaklarını etkin bir
şekilde yönetememeleri, onların dış yardıma 41. Even though embryos used are at an
bağlı kalmalarına neden olmuştur. immature stage of development, some
people are opposed to stem cell research,
A) The governments in various West African since they are destroyed during the stem
countries are so inefficient in the cell production process.
management of their vast mineral
resources that they have become solely A) Kök hücre araştırmalarına karşı olan bazı
dependent on foreign aid. insanlar bulunsa da kullanılan gelişmemiş
B) In some West African countries, the evredeki embriyolar kök hücre üretimi
inability of the governments to manage sürecinde yok ediliyor.
their rich mineral resources efficiently has B) Her ne kadar bazı insanlar kök hücre
caused them to be dependent on foreign araştırmalarına karşı olsalar da kök hücre
aid. üretimi sürecinde gelişmemiş evredeki
C) Due to their failure in exploiting their vast embriyolar yok ediliyor.
mineral resources, the governments in a C) Embriyolar kök hücre üretimi sürecinde
number of West African countries have kullanılarak yok edildikleri için bazı
been dependent on foreign aid. insanlar kök hücre araştırmalarının
D) Since some governments in the West karşısında olabilir.
African countries have been unable to D) Kök hücre üretimi sürecinde sadece
exploit their rich mineral resources gelişmemiş embriyoların kullanılarak yok
adequately, they have become entirely edilmesine rağmen bazı insanlar kök
dependent on foreign aid. hücre araştırmalarına karşı çıkıyor.
E) Because of their inefficiency in managing E) Kullanılan embriyolar gelişmemiş bir
and exploiting the vast mineral resources evrede olsalar da kök hücre üretimi
of their countries, some West African sürecinde yok edildikleri için bazı insanlar
governments have come to be dependent kök hücre araştırmalarına karşıdır.
on foreign aid.

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42. Many claim that eating a certain amount of

honey every day lessens complaints of hay
fever as it reduces the susceptibility to local
pollens and creates a tolerance towards
them.

A) Birçok kişi, her gün belli bir miktar bal

yemenin, etraftaki polenlere karşı
hassasiyeti azaltarak direnç sağladığını ve
bu nedenle saman nezlesine ilişkin
şikâyetlerin bazılarını hafiflettiğini iddia
etmektedir.
B) Pek çoğunun iddiasına göre, her gün belli
bir miktar bal yemek, etraftaki polenlere
karşı hassasiyeti azaltarak onlara karşı
direnç sağlamakta ve böylece saman
nezlesi şikâyetlerini hafifletmektedir.
C) Her gün belli bir miktar bal yemek, pek çok
kişiye göre, etraftaki polenlere karşı
hassasiyeti azalttığı ve onlara karşı direnç
sağladığı için, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini
hafifletmektedir.
D) Pek çok kişi, etraftaki polenlere karşı
hassasiyeti azalttığı ve onlara karşı direnç
sağladığı için, her gün belli bir miktar bal
yemenin, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini
hafiflettiğini iddia etmektedir.
E) Çoğu insan, her gün belli bir miktar bal
yemenin, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini
hafiflettiği için, etraftaki polenlere karşı
hassasiyeti azalttığı ve onlara karşı direnç
sağladığını iddia etmektedir.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. As one learns from the passage, coal ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) has always been used as a primary
source of energy, but new technologies
Using coal to make electricity accounts for about a
are needed to extract it more cheaply
third of America’s carbon emissions. As a result,
B) is so abundant in America that more and
tackling emissions from coal-fired power plants
more coal-fired power plants are being
represents our best opportunity to make sharp
constructed throughout the country
reductions in greenhouse gases. Fortunately, the
C) is extracted in gigantic amounts in West
United States already has the technology to do that.
Virginia and Wyoming, since these two
Unfortunately, right now the country is addicted to
states have the richest reserves in the
coal, a cheap, abundant power source. Burning coal
country
produces more than half the country’s electricity,
D) is so indispensable for the production of
despite its immense human and environmental
electricity that nobody is concerned about
costs. Air pollutants from coal-fired power plants
its adverse effects on the environment
cause somewhere between 20,000 and 30,000
E) is a major power source in America,
premature deaths in the United States each year.
although it has various human and
Besides, fifty tons of mercury are pumped into the
environmental disadvantages
atmosphere annually from coal plants. In addition,
the extraction of coal, from West Virginia to
Wyoming, devastates the physical environment, and 46. In the passage, the writer ----.
its processing and burning produce gigantic
volumes of waste. A) clearly explains the adverse effects that
coal- fired power plants have in America
B) criticizes the United States government for
43. It is stated in the passage that coal-fired not following a clear energy policy
power plants in the United States ----. C) is fully in favour of the use of coal, as it is
a readily-available and cheap energy
A) are noted for lower carbon emissions than source
other kinds of power plants D) calls for the development of new
B) are concentrated in West Virginia and technologies for the reduction of carbon
Wyoming more than in any other area emissions
C) produce a great amount of the country’s E) is worried about how gigantic volumes of
electricity power- plant waste can be efficiently
D) are blamed more for mercury emissions treated
than for carbon emissions
E) have caused widespread environmental
destruction in West Virginia and Wyoming

44. Emphasis is put on the fact that the United

States ----.

A) has the ability to drastically decrease

greenhouse gases in the country
B) has developed efficient technologies for
the prevention of environmental pollution
C) is the only country in the world that largely
depends on coal for its energy needs
D) has made great technological advances in
processing large amounts of waste
E) is seriously concerned about the human
and environmental effects of its energy
policy

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. It is clear from the passage that, with his
cevaplayınız. view of the universe, Aristarchus ----.

A) opened the way for the study of

The major sciences of the Hellenistic Age were
astronomy as a science
astronomy, mathematics, geography, medicine, and
B) was only repeating the traditional Greek
physics. The most renowned of the early Hellenistic
idea
astronomers was Aristarchus of Samos (310-230
C) did not differ from other Hellenistic
B.C.), sometimes called the “Hellenistic
astronomers
Copernicus.” His primary accomplishment was his
D) had much influence on his contemporaries
deduction that the Earth and the other planets
E) made an unprecedented breakthrough in
revolve around the Sun. This view was not accepted
astronomy
by his successors because it conflicted with the
teachings of Aristotle and also with the Greek
50. It is pointed out in the passage that the
conviction that humanity, and therefore the Earth,
Greeks ----.
must be at the centre of the universe. Later, in the
second century A.D., Aristarchus’s fame was
A) regarded the Earth as the centre of the
overshadowed by that of Ptolemy of Alexandria.
universe
Although Ptolemy made few original discoveries, he
B) were extremely influenced by
systematized the works of others. His principal
Aristarchus’s ideas
writing, The Almagest, based on the view that all
C) were not fully familiar with the teachings of
heavenly bodies revolve around the Earth, was
Aristotle
handed down to medieval Europe as the classic
D) completely ruled out whatever Ptolemy
summary of ancient astronomy.
said about the universe
E) knew how the planets revolved around the
47. According to the passage, it was Ptolemy of
Sun
Alexandria who ----.

A) adequately summarized in his Almagest

Aristarchus’s ideas on astronomy
B) was greatly inspired by Aristarchus’s
heliocentric view of the universe
C) fundamentally shaped the European
understanding of astronomy for the Middle
Ages
D) first studied and explained in The
Almagest the movements of all the planets
E) contributed extensively to the
development of astronomy as a science

48. One gathers from the passage that, in the

Hellenistic Age, ----.

A) Aristotle’s writings and the works of other

philosophers were edited and published
B) astronomy was the science which
received the most attention
C) all astronomers held the same views
about the Sun and the planets
D) astronomy was just one of several
sciences to be studied seriously
E) it was commonly accepted that
Aristarchus’s ideas had mainly derived
from Aristotle

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. It is pointed out in the passage that viral
cevaplayınız. respiratory infections ----.

A) and pneumonia have no connection

Viral infections of the respiratory tract are certainly
whatsoever
the most common cause of infectious illness in most
B) can be almost completely prevented
countries. People in all age groups are susceptible,
throughout the world
but for those at the extremes of life these illnesses
C) are mild illnesses that are most common
are particularly hazardous. Viral respiratory
among elderly people
infections are more common in children under the
D) pose a serious threat, especially to
age of five years, but in the first year of life, they are
children in their first year
more severe. In the elderly, degenerative processes
E) cause no harm at all to the heart and
of the heart or lungs make pneumonia a more
lungs
frequent and serious complication, and the same is
true for patients of all ages suffering from chronic
54. In the passage, attention is particularly
cardiac disease or chronic bronchitis. On the whole,
drawn to the fact that people with chronic
the vast majority of viral respiratory infections are
cardiac disease or chronic bronchitis ----.
mild though often uncomfortable conditions, but
sometimes the illness is severe and constitutes a
A) cannot be treated effectively against viral
threat to life. Unfortunately, there is no method
infections of the respiratory tract
whereby the spread of infection can be prevented.
B) may experience severe complications
Adequate ventilation and avoidance of crowds are
because of a viral respiratory infection
clearly advisable.
C) develop pneumonia far more rarely than
those at the extremes of life
51. It is clear from the passage that, especially
D) should avoid any hazardous contact with
in the case of elderly people, ----.
other patients
E) are less vulnerable to viral respiratory
A) having their rooms well-ventilated will
infections than any other age group
prevent viral respiratory infections
B) viral respiratory infections can lead to
serious consequences
C) the treatment of pneumonia may involve a
very complicated process
D) chronic cardiac disease can rarely be
prevented
E) all kinds of viral infections must be
avoided under all circumstances

52. According to the passage, among the age

groups, it is the very young and very old ----.

A) that are more frequently threatened by

pneumonia
B) that suffer most from chronic bronchitis as
well as pneumonia
C) whose health is far more easily affected
by crowds
D) who always have a mild infection of the
respiratory tract
E) who are more susceptible to viral
infections of the respiratory tract

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 56. It is pointed out in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. people of modern Geyre ----.

A) have always played an active part in the

Until the early 1960s, the picturesque ruins of
excavations, since they are very keen to
Aphrodisias were scattered in and around the very
learn about the past of their village
pretty village of Geyre, where the houses had been
B) were forced to re-settle at a new site quite
built largely from remnants of the ancient city. But
far from that of Aphrodisias itself
the present excavations, which began in 1961, have
C) used the remains of ancient Aphrodisias
now reached such a scale that the village and its
as building material for their homes
inhabitants have been moved to another site
D) had been moved to a new site for re-
nearby. Some of the superb sculptures unearthed
settlement before the excavations began
are now exhibited in a new museum, which is
in the early 1960s
located in what was once Geyre’s village square,
E) have insisted that the sculptures
while others can be seen around the archaeological
unearthed during the excavations be
zone, one of the most interesting and beautiful sites
exhibited in the village square
in all of Turkey. Surprisingly, the excavations at
Aphrodisias have unearthed remains of a settlement
dating back to about 5,800 B.C. The site seems to 57. The writer claims in the passage that
have been a very ancient shrine of Ishtar, the fertility Aphrodisias, with its wonderful ruins, ----.
goddess of Nineveh and Babylon, who was one of
the predecessors of Aphrodite, the Greek goddess A) has been a place of attraction for
of love. In fact, the earliest Greek sanctuary of archaeologists for many centuries
Aphrodite on this site dates from the sixth century B) is among the most attractive and loveliest
B.C., and it was from this sanctuary during the next of the archaeological sites in Turkey
four centuries that the cult of Aphrodite spread C) has now been completely excavated and
throughout the Graeco-Roman world. declared an archaeological zone
D) still lies hidden under the modern village
of Geyre and, hence, needs to be
55. Asone learns from the passage, the unearthed
excavations at Aphrodisias ----. E) is a Graeco-Roman archaeological site,
settled for the first time in the sixth century
A) originally had a single aim: to find out B.C.
whether there was any connection
between this city and the Mesopotamian
58. It is stated in the passage that the temple of
cities of Nineveh and Babylon
Aphrodite in Aphrodisias ----.
B) confirm that Ishtar was reborn as Aphrodite
C) have unearthed only a small part of the
A) was the very first site to be excavated in
ancient settlements, which are very
the early 1960s and is today one of the
extensive and need to be carefully
most captivating sights at Geyre
identified
B) was designed and built in full imitation of
D) have focused on unearthing Aphrodite’s
the temple of the Babylonian fertility
sanctuary as well as other Graeco-Roman
goddess Ishtar on the same site
remnants
C) lost its importance completely once the
E) have been going on for over four decades
cult of the goddess had spread in the
and reveal that the city dates back to very
Graeco-Roman world
early times
D) is still regarded by most archaeologists as
an architectural wonder, which, with its
superb sculptures, surprises everybody
E) gave rise to the popularity among the
Greeks and the Romans of the worship of
the goddess

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. It is clear from the passage that the mass
cevaplayınız. and size of dark matter ----.

A) have been measured through the use of a

Dark matter is the invisible and mysterious material
three- dimensional map of space
that makes up 22 per cent of the stuff in the
B) have ceased to be one of the greatest
universe. It is one of the greatest scientific
mysteries ever known in science
unknowns. It does not emit light; nor does it reflect
C) distort the fabric of space and, therefore,
light or absorb it. While we are unable to see dark
cannot be explored properly
matter itself, we are able to create maps of it. We
D) are so immense that it is out of question to
can clearly pinpoint its location by observing the
study them in detail
effects of its mass on light from distant galaxies.
E) can only be understood through the
This can be explained with reference to Einstein,
curves made by the light from galaxies
who points out that a massive object will curve the
fabric of space and that light will follow this
deformed path. So we can look at how light from 62. One can maintain that the passage ----.
galaxies has been bent and, consequently, infer the
quantity and location of the matter that did the A) focuses solely on the process whereby
bending. In fact, by using this method, a team of Einstein was able to locate dark matter
astronomers have recently managed to create the B) deals with the nature of dark matter and
first three-dimensional map of the immense how its presence has been revealed
structure of dark matter. C) clearly explains where in space dark
matter can be located and observed
D) sheds a great deal of light on the amount
59. One understands from the passage that of research astronomers have done
dark matter ----. E) largely dwells on the question of how light
from galaxies becomes curved in space
A) has a very complex structure that has
caused much controversy among
astronomers
B) has been thoroughly explored and studied
by a number of astronomers
C) accounts for more than half of the material
that makes up the universe
D) has a bending effect on the light that
comes from distant galaxies
E) with its great mass was already known by
Einstein and a team of astronomers

60. It is pointed out in the passage that the

mapping of dark matter ----.

A) has only been possible on the basis of a

theory formulated by Einstein
B) has been an easy task for astronomers,
since they know its exact location
C) was originally suggested by Einstein, but it
is only now that this has been achieved
D) has revealed a much closer and more
extensive interaction among galaxies
E) was first attempted by Einstein, who had
already studied the light emitted by
galaxies

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Jack :- In the British empire, India was
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi the first colony to win its independence soon
bulunuz. after World War II, wasn‘t it?
Robin :- Yes, it was. Actually, the
extraordinary Indian nationalist Mahatma
63. Bill :- I read today about a new type of stent
Gandhi had been at work in India since the
used to widen a patient’s artery.
1920s and had pioneered anticolonial ideas.
Jen :- ----
Jack :- ----
Bill :- It releases a drug into the artery over
Robin :- Principally, his strategy was
several weeks which prevents excess build-up
nonviolent noncooperation. So he urged the
of fibrous tissue, reducing the further narrowing
Indian people to withdraw from the imperial
of the artery.
economy and develop their own means of
Jen :- That sounds like a promising
resistance such as going on strike, refusing to
development.
pay taxes, or boycotting British goods.

A) I think many doctors are too quick to insert

A) In the face of colonial domination, how did
stents. They should first try medication to
he set about the anticolonial movement for
reduce clogging in the patient’s arteries.
the independence of India?
B) How does it differ from other stents?
B) Gandhi‘s strategy for independence
C) Doctors say that coronary stents have
provided a model for many liberation
revolutionized patient care.
struggles in other colonies.
D) Patients with clogged coronary arteries
C) Hadn‘t he already led a nonviolent
always used to undergo bypass surgery.
campaign for the political rights of the
E) Have you ever recommended this
Indian community in South Africa between
procedure?
1894 and 1914?
D) By 1947 Gandhi had gained such
64. Art :- Did you know that as many as 235, 000
widespread support that the British found it
hospital patients in the US die unneccessarily
impossible to continue in power in India.
each year?
E) Yet, in June 1947, British India was
Ed :- ----
partitioned into the nations of India and
Art :- About 45 per cent of the deaths
Pakistan, and the process of partition
are due to medical errors, and the rest are
brought brutal religious and ethnic warfare.
because of adverse reactions to medication.
66. Ann :- Did you know that the use of graph
A) When are you going to begin your
paper forplotting functions and data was first
residency?
madecommon by Professor John Perry, when
B) I don’t believe it. Where did you read that?
he wasstill an assistant of the famous physicist
C) That must result in a lot of malpractice
LordKelvin?
lawsuits.
Jane :- No, I didn’t. How did he make it
D) I think there must be some sort of mistake
available to thepublic?
in that article.
Ann :- ----
E) That’s a staggering number! What causes
Jane :- Well, that’s really something.
them?
A) He was a tireless educator in engineering
and mathematics.
B) He challenged Lord Kelvin’s hypothesis
about the temperature of the Earth.
C) Perry came up with the idea that heat
moved more easily deep inside the Earth
than it does close to the surface.
D) Perry insisted that mathematics was basic
to all the sciences.
E) Simply, it was because of him that the
price of graph paper became affordable
for everybody.

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67. Anna :- With global warming seeming to 70. To be honest, l wasn't expecting Andy to
become a reality, tourist destinations are stand up for me so openly at the meeting.
changing.
Peter :- ---- A) l have to admit that l wasn't too pleased
Anna :- Well, the most popular places formerly when Andy took my part like that at the
have become too hot for most tourists, so meeting.
they’re choosing cooler spots. B) Frankly, it came as quite a surprise to me
Peter :- Then the traditional tourist spots when Andy was so outspokenly on my
probably stand to lose income. side at the meeting.
C) it came as quite a surprise to me, too, that
A) What can we do to stop the trend? Andy should declare himself to be on my
B) Oh, are people going to Antarctica to see side.
the ice before it melts? D) Actually l really wish Andy hadn't been so
C) I don’t believe that the earth is really ostentatiously on my side throughout the
warming up. meeting.
D) Do you think this will affect Turkey’s E) Naturally, when Andy look my part so
economy? strongly at the meeting. I could hardly hide
E) Really? In what way? my surprise.

68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 71. The reason behind the minister's refusal to
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. make a statement to the press is uncertain,
but l imagine he's playing for time.
68. They held a dinner party to mark the
occasion of their fortieth wedding A) The minister continues to find excuses for
anniversary. not making a statement to the press but
before long he will presumably have to do
A) The dinner party they gave was to so.
commemorate forty years of marriage. B) l can't think why the minister still refuses to
B) They have been married for forty years hold a press conference; perhaps he
and the dinner party is by way of doesn't have the time.
celebration. C) The minister, for some reason or another,
C) When they have been married for forty still avoids a confrontation with the press
years they will give a dinner party to but he can't do this much longer.
celebrate the fact. D) No one knows why the minister is avoiding
D) At the dinner party, everyone meeting the press, but l expect he will
congratulated them on forty years of have to do so before long.
marriage. E) It's not clear why the minister has declined
E) They have been married for forty years to make a statement to the press, but
and a dinner party was held in their presumably it's a question of delay tactics.
honour.

69. The sooner we get the new system into

action, the better.

A) Once the new system is working, the

situation will improve.
B) We should get the new system working as
soon as possible.
C) Sooner or later we'll have to install a new
system.
D) At some future date a new system is going
to be necessary.
E) We are going to get a new system
installed without delay.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 74. Our knowledge of the Celts in Britain is
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek slight. As with previous groups of settlers,
cümleyi bulunuz. we do not even know for certain whether the
Celts invaded Britain or came peacefully as
a result of the lively trade with Europe from
72. Western perceptions of the Middle East as a
about 750 B.C. onwards. At first, most of
viable tourist destination have been
Celtic Britain seems to have developed in a
adversely affected by the 9 / 11 terrorist
generally similar way. ----. Consequently,
attacks in the US, the subsequent war on
this fall led to serious economic and
terrorism, and the war in Iraq. Indeed, the
political differences between the Celts of
impact of the 9 / 11 attacks upon the tourist
southeast Britain and those of the
sector in the region has been profound. ----.
northwest.
North Africa in general and Tunisia in
particular have fared comparatively well, but
A) The Celts were joined by new arrivals
Morocco has suffered badly.
from the European mainland
B) The Celtic tribes continued the same kind
A) Morocco is already one of the biggest
of agriculture as the Bronze Age people
tourist destinations in the Middle East and
before them
North Africa, drawing 2.25 million visitors
C) The Celts knew how to work with iron and
a year
could make a variety of weapons
B) Especially, the effect on visitor numbers
D) But from about 500 B.C., trade contact
has been decisive although it has varied
with Europe declined
considerably from country to country
E) During the Celtic period, women may have
C) Morocco has a better developed domestic
played an important role in political life
beach culture than probably anywhere
else in the Middle East or North Africa
75. Little is known about the life of women in
D) The target of 10 million visitors a year by
the Middle Ages, but without doubt it was
2010 may have been a little over-
hard. ----. It also spread two very different
optimistic, although Egypt has made huge
ideas about women. So, on the one hand,
investments
women were regarded as pure and holy,
E) Some of the driest parts of Morocco lie on
while, on the other, they could not be
the coast, and so one feasible option is to
trusted and were a moral danger to men.
pipe water there from the Atlas Mountains
Such religious teaching led men both to
worship and also to look down on women.
73. Why do young chameleons prefer to stay
close to the ground? In a recent study
A) It is unlikely that love played much of a
published in Behavioral Ecology and
part in most marriages
Sociobiology, biologists argue that
B) Marriage was always the single most
cannibalism in the common chameleon has
important event in the lives of medieval
resulted in a habitat shift. ----. Juvenile
men and women
chameleons tend to stay in low grasses,
C) This was because by marriage a family
whereas adults make better use of their
could improve its wealth and social
anatomical gifts by living primarily in trees.
position
D) The Church taught that women were
A) That is, as individuals develop, their
always to obey their husbands
choice of habitat changes
E) Once married, a woman had to accept her
B) With its prehensile tail and strong,
husband as her master
opposing toes, the common chameleon is
a natural climber
C) Young chameleons showed little change
in behaviour when with other juveniles
D) The biologists placed a one-way mirror
between an adult and a juvenile, so that
the adult could see the juvenile but not the
other way round
E) Whether an attack was likely when there
was close contact between the
generations was also tested

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76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 80. (I) In the film Amistad, Steven Spielberg
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü expresses his outrage at the institution of
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. slavery.(II)That is, he makes something that
enables the film audience to feel the same kind
of outrage toward slavery that he feels.
76. (I) According to a recent study, depressed white
(III)Clearly, the artist at the start felt deeply
girls are more likely to grow out of their
about slavery. (IV)He then set out to give to his
problems than black girls are. (II) White teens
audience a similar feeling.(V)On the contrary,
become less depressed as they approach early
these configurations stimulate differing
adulthood.(III) Factors such as social class and
emotional states in the audience.
parental separation should not be overlooked.
(IV) The depression rate among blacks,
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
however, remains steady. (V) This appears to
be largely the result of poorer health care and
lack of insurance.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

77. (I) Although about 1, 400 seed banks exist

worldwide, Norway‘s massive Svalbard Global
Seed Vault dwarfs them all and aims to
safeguard duplicates of the seeds. (II) Stored
seeds are frequently lost because of natural
disasters, war, and warm temperatures. (III)
However, the United Nations predicts that 70%
of the world‘s population will live in urban areas
by 2050. (IV) So, Svalbard was built to
withstand these challenges. (V) The facility is
remote, located 1,000 kilometres beyond
mainland Norway‘s northernmost tip.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) By the fall of 1933, Germany had become a

one party state. (II) Soon afterward, the
socialist and communist left were crushed by
the Nazi regime. (III) Almost all non-Nazi
organizations were either abolished or forced to
become part of the Nazi system. (IV) At the
same time, party propaganda sought to impress
citizens with the regime‘s ideology. (V) In fact,
the 1928 election in Germany was a turning
point for the Nazis.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) Columbus was not the first European to set

foot on the American continents. (II) Viking
sailors had reached and briefly settled present-
day New found land and perhaps New England
around the year 1000. (III) But knowledge of
these Viking landings had been forgotten
throughout Europe for hundreds of years. (IV) It
would not be right, therefore, to deny Columbus
credit for his accomplishments. (V) In fact,
Columbus brought back no Asian spices from
his voyages.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 31 6. In narrative poems, characters often ----

certain ideas or heroic qualities which the
poet wishes to celebrate.
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) head towards
B) stand for
1. In Existentialism, it is argued that people are C) show up
responsible for, and the ---- judge of, their D) carry out
actions. E) try on

A) expansive 7. Although constipation usually ---- lifestyle

B) sole habits, in some cases it may be a side effect
C) previous of medication or may reflect a medical
D) irresistible problem such as tumours that ---- the
E) prevalent passage of waste.

2. Today, many of the world’s great museums - A) had reflected / obstruct

--- to purchase any antiquities which cannot B) has reflected / obstructed
be proven to have been exported legally C) reflected / had obstructed
from their country of origin. D) will reflect / have obstructed
E) reflects / are obstructing
A) reclaim
B) contribute 8. Meteorites ---- the best available record of
C) experience the chemical and physical processes that ---
D) decline - during the first million years of our solar
E) recognize system’s history.

3. While the United States remains the world’s A) provide / occurred

locomotive of economic growth, developing B) are providing / have occurred
economies are ---- driving growth in many C) had provided / occurred
sectors. D) could provide / would occur
E) provided / might occur
A) roughly
B) initially 9. A deeply hypnotized subject ---- to initiate
C) increasingly activity and would rather wait for the
D) vaguely hypnotist ----something to do.
E) respectively
A) does not like / to suggest
4. Copper is replacing aluminium in the metal B) had not liked / suggesting
interconnections on some chips to improve C) did not like / should suggest
----. D) may not like / has suggested
E) will not like / to be suggesting
A) creativity
B) credibility 10. Tablet computers ---- some advantages for
C) sustainability form-filling or updating your status on a
D) conductivity social network, but you ---- it hard to get any
E) respectability real work done.

5. People who think they are overweight try to A) are offering / must find
---- the problem by giving up various foods. B) have been offering / should find
C) can offer / will have to find
A) keep up D) had offered / would have found
B) look after E) might offer / could find
C) put aside
D) deal with
E) get off

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11. It is assumed ---- an educational programme 16. In biofeedback, biological responses are
should emphasize the valid aspects of the measured ---- electronic instruments, and
cultural and historical past. the status of those responses is
immediately available ---- the person being
A) whereby tested.
B) since
C) as A) with / at
D) that B) by / to
E) in case C) in / about
D) from / on
12. Traditional microeconomics approaches the E) through / with
economy ---- it were made up only of
business firms and households.

A) if
B) whether
C) so long as
D) while
E) as if

13. Lycopene is an important part of the body’s

cell protection system which neutralizes
free radicals and ---- decreases the risk of
cardiovascular disease.

A) on the contrary
B) on the way
C) as well
D) yet
E) in this way

14. ---- a new anti-viral drug is developed,

scientists first test it on the hepatitis C
virus.

A) Even if
B) Before
C) Since
D) Because
E) Whenever

15. They say that the best things ---- life are
those worth waiting ----.

A) in / for
B) from / at
C) in / up
D) with / from
E) within / beside

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Bill Clinton‘s main legacy for race relations in the The Spanish are famous for their natural sociability
United States is that he helped to sustain and and appetite for life. They (22) ---- to put as much
accelerate the desegregation of the higher circles of energy into enjoying life as they do into their work.
American life. On the psychological plane, he gently The (23) ---- lazy Spaniard is a myth, but many
pushed the white American public to accept people fit their work to the demands (24) ---- their
something that (17) ---- many whites today is (18) --- social lives, rather than be ruled by the clock. The
- more in question than one would like to believe: day is quite long in Spain, and the Spanish have a
that blacks really can be equal or (19) ---- superior word, madrugada, for the time between midnight
to whites in performing the most crucial and difficult and dawn, (25) ---- city streets are often still full of
tasks demanded by our society. George W. Bush people enjoying (26) ----.
contributed to this process when he (20) ---- Colin
Powell as Secretary of State. Through his 22.
appointment of blacks and genuine friendships with A) knew
them, Clinton has deepened this (21) ---- in B) are known
American life. C) have known
D) were knowing
17. E) are to be known
A) under
B) on 23.
C) with A) typical
D) besides B) dissatisfied
E) for C) dominant
D) unpleasant
18. E) challenging
A) decently
B) still 24.
C) even so A) towards
D) doubtfully B) at
E) excessively C) of
D) into
19. E) through
A) also
B) more 25.
C) even A) where
D) only B) which
E) as C) that
D) when
20. E) how
A) appoints
B) had appointed 26.
C) has appointed A) their own
D) appointed B) theirs
E) would appoint C) the other’s
D) one another’s
21. E) themselves
A) tendency
B) allocation
C) exclusion
D) admission
E) intuition

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. Because the use of medication during
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. pregnancy gives rise to safety concerns, ----
.

27. Whereas life forms in the world’s cold and

A) further study is needed of the health
icy lands are scarce, ----.
benefits of pregnancy
B) certain herbal preparations were also
A) the ice sheet of Antarctica contains about
recommended for their anti-depressant
30 million cubic kilometres of ice
effects
B) Antarctica supports only a few species of
C) high-quality purified fish oil capsules reduce
coldadapted land plants and animals
the risk to such women of inadvertent
C) marine life in the seas surrounding
ingestion of mercury
Antarctica is rich and diverse
D) there is growing recognition that maternal
D) Antarctica is fifth in size among the world’s
health is of equal importance to the father of
continents
the unborn child
E) the geologic evolution of Antarctica has
E) a group of doctors have decided to review
followed a course similar to those of the
the effectiveness and safety of alternative
other southern continents
therapies for perinatal depression
28. When we enter a library and glance at the
31. As the use of the Internet has developed
books on the shelves, ----.
and expanded in recent years, ----.

A) the readers are expected to classify the bulk

A) reading printed books has the advantage of
of the books
providing a unique source of learning
B) we are at first bewildered by their variety
B) movie watching used to be more convenient
and quantity
and entertaining
C) the first thing we did was to look for the
C) the audience has engaged in the same
book we needed
activity
D) the shelves are tidied up at the end of every
D) fewer and fewer people have turned to
working day by the librarians
reading as a source of entertainment
E) some libraries offer on-line services while
E) the immediate emotional reaction is usually
others don’t
the correct one
29. Though its manufacture, sale, and servicing
32. It is asserted that human well-being can
have become key elements of industrial
only be advanced ----.
economies, ----.

A) as if people had to be the architects of their

A) the automobile changed the world during
own destiny
the 20th century, particularly in the United
B) before anyone even thought of building a
States and other industrialized nations
better world
B) the automobile has brought noise and air
C) as soon as governments exercised their just
pollution, and car accidents rank among the
powers with the consent of the governed
leading causes of death and injury
D) no matter how threatening some of the new
throughout the world
technologies may be
C) automobiles are valued by size, style,
E) if there is an unrestricted play of free
number of doors, and intended use, and
intelligence upon all problems
they take different names in accordance
with their purpose
D) the automobile is indispensable for mobility
and job opportunities, offering a solution to
the problem of unemployment in the early
20th century
E) various systems supply the engine with fuel,
cool it during operation, lubricate its moving
parts, and remove the exhaust gases it
creates

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33. Puberty is probably the period of greatest 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
resistance to adult authority ----. anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
A) despite the fact that sensible rules for bulunuz.
harmonious family living were helpful
B) during which doctors felt that physical
37. James Joyce, whom Samuel Beckett knew
growth did not retard mental growth
in Paris in the 1920s, had a great impact on
C) in order to establish a teacher-student
Beckett‘s thinking regarding the art of
relationship which provides security
writing.
D) since, with some boys and girls, it takes the
form of actual rebellion
A) Samuel Beckett‘in 1920‘lerde Paris‘te
E) because this brings slight modifications in
tanıdığı James Joyce‘un, Beckett‘in
the daily routine
yazma sanatıyla ilgili düşünceleri üzerinde
büyük bir etkisi oldu.
34. Space solar power is still an idea far ahead
B) James Joyce‘un yazma sanatı
of its time ----.
konusundaki düşüncelerinden çok
etkilenen Samuel Beckett, onu 1920‘lerde
A) therefore a national space programme
Paris‘te tanımıştı.
would be needed to be established first
C) Samuel Beckett 1920‘lerde James
B) so engineers can now work on space
Joyce‘la Paris‘te tanıştıktan sonra, yazma
shuttles to build orbiting spacestations
sanatı konusundaki düşünceleri bir ölçüde
C) but the necessary technology already exists
değişti.
and is gradually falling in cost
D) James Joyce 1920‘lerde Paris‘te tanıdığı
D) because no one would have the technology
Samuel Beckett‘in yazma sanatı
to develop it further
konusundaki düşüncelerini büyük ölçüde
E) if more and more effort needs to be put in
etkiledi.
developing space tourism
E) 1920‘lerde Paris‘te yaşayan Samuel
Beckett‘in yazma sanatı konusundaki
35. The thing about a recession is that you do
düşünceleri James Joyce sayesinde
not know you are in one ----.
tamamıyla değişti.
A) when the economy operates well below
capacity
B) before anyone notices increasing economic
activities
C) until it has been around for a while
D) after the stock market takes a turn for the
better
E) while the pessimism is felt by everyone

36. Swedish researchers have found that most

white horses, which are actually born
coloured, carry a mutation called 'greying
with age, ' ----.

A) despite the fact that their tendency to age

more quickly is observable
B) as if the greying of these animals were
similar to the greying of human hair
C) in case they are more prone to skin cancer
than other horses
D) and this makes them rapidly turn grey and
then completely white within eight years
E) so that the changes in colour do not always
indicate poor health

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38. Foreign students in such fields as 39. It was only at the beginning of the 18th
engineering and computer science find it century that Johann Friedrich Böttger
much easier to learn the English equivalents discovered kaolin and made it possible to
of the terms they have learned. produce in Europe a porcelain as hard as
that which had been imported from China.
A) Mühendislik ve bilgisayar bilimi gibi
alanlardaki yabancı öğrenciler, daha önce A) Johann Friedrich Böttger’in, Avrupa’da
öğrendikleri terimlerin İngilizce Çin’den ithal edilen porselen kadar
karşılıklarını öğrenmeyi çok daha kolay kuvvetli bir porselen imal edebilmesi,
buluyorlar. ancak 18. yüzyılın başında kaolini
B) Yabancı öğrenciler, eğer mühendislik ve keşfetmesi ile mümkün olabilmiştir.
bilgisayar bilimi gibi alanlardaysalar, daha B) 18. yüzyılın başında, Johann Friedrich
önce öğrendikleri terimlerin İngilizce Böttger kaolini keşfetmiş ve Avrupa’da,
karşılıklarını çok daha kolay öğreniyorlar Çin’den ithal edilmiş porselen kadar
C) Önceden öğrenilen bazı terimlerin kuvvetli bir porselen imal etmeyi
İngilizce karşılıklarının öğrenilmesi, başarmıştır.
mühendislik ve bilgisayar bilimi C) Johann Friedrich Böttger’in kaolini
alanlarındaki yabancı öğrenciler keşfederek Çin’den ithal edilmiş porselen
tarafından çok daha kolay bulunuyor. kadar kuvvetli bir porselen imalatını
D) Mühendislik ve bilgisayar bilimi gibi sağlaması, Avrupa’da ancak 18. yüzyılın
alanlardaki yabancı öğrenciler, başında mümkün olmuştur.
öğrendikleri terimlerin İngilizce D) Johann Friedrich Böttger’in kaolini
karşılıklarını öğrenmeyi de oldukça kolay keşfetmesi ve Avrupa’da Çin’den ithal
buluyorlar. edilmiş porselen kadar kuvvetli bir
E) Yabancı öğrenciler, eğer mühendislik ve porselen imal etmeyi sağlaması, ancak18.
bilgisayar bilimi gibi alanlardaysalar, yüzyılın başında olmuştur.
önceden öğrenilen terimlerin İngilizce E) Avrupa’da Çin’den ithal edilmiş porselen
karşılıklarını öğrenmeyi çok daha kolay kadar kuvvetli bir porselen imal edilmesi,
buluyorlar. 18. yüzyılın başında ancak Johann
Friedrich Böttger’in kaolini keşfetmesi ile
sağlanmıştır.

40. Yeni banknot ve madeni paralarımız

yenilenen tasarımları, değişen boyutları ve
gelişmiş güvenlik özellikleriyle, 1 Ocak
2009’dan beri kullanımdadır.

A) Our banknotes and coins are new

because they have had unusual designs,
different dimensions and improved
security features since 1st January, 2009.
B) Since 1st January, 2009, we have used
banknotes and coins that have been
designed with new dimensions and
security features.
C) Our new banknotes and coins, with their
renewed designs, changed dimensions
and improved security features, have
been in use since 1st January, 2009.
D) With their new designs, different
dimensions and perfect security features,
new banknotes and coins have come into
use after 1st January, 2009.
E) They renewed the designs, changed the
dimensions and improved the security
features of our banknotes and coins on
1st January 2009, so they are in use now.

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41. Fransız seçmenler için ekonomilerinin

diğerlerininki kadar sıkıntı içinde olmadığını
öğrenmek hemen hemen hiç rahatlatıcı
değildir.

A) For French voters too, when they learn

that their economy is not having the same
amount of trouble as others, it is hardly
reassuring for them.
B) It is hardly reassuring for French voters to
learn that their economy is not in as much
trouble as others’.
C) The French economy is almost not as
reassuring to French voters as the
troubled economies of the others.
D) French voters are hardly in a position with
their own economy to reassure others
having just as much trouble with theirs.
E) Almost without being reassured at all,
French voters learn that their economy is
faced with less trouble than others’.

42. Uzmanlar, dünya ikliminin gelecekte daha

da ısınıp ısınmayacağı konusunda
uzlaşamamaktadır.

A) No consensus has been reached by

specialists about the question of the
world’s climate getting much warmer in
the future.
B) There has been no consensus among
specialists concerning the question of
whether or not the world’s climate is
getting warmer and warmer.
C) For specialists, no consensus can be
reached about whether the world’s climate
has already become much warmer.
D) It is still a long way before a consensus
can be reached among specialists about
the question of whether or not the world’s
climate has already become extremely
warm.
E) Specialists are unable to reach a
consensus on whether the world’s climate
will get warmer in the future.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 44. With the sentence, “Honest debate can start
cevaplayınız. at Number Two”, the writer is really saying
----.

Leonardo da Vinci is a member of a very small class

A) one cannot expect popular opinion to
of “transformative geniuses,” not ordinary or
judge fairly
common geniuses, who have contributed
B) people don’t always give their honest
abundantly to their fields, but rather the ones who
opinions
have created or defined entire fields. In literature, no
C) Shakespeare doesn’t deserve his position
one asks, “Who was the greatest writer?” Honest
at the head of the list
debate can start at Number Two. Shakespeare, the
D) the relative merits of writers are very
consensus choice as greatest writer, is a member of
controversial
this class of transformative geniuses. Similarly,
E) there can be no doubt about Number 1;
Isaac Newton is recognized as the greatest among
that’s definitely Shakespeare’s place
scientists and mathematicians; Ludwig van
Beethoven, and possibly Bach and Mozart, are the
45. According to the passage, when it comes to
transformative geniuses among composers. The
ranking artists, ----.
most recent transformative genius the world has
seen may have been Albert Einstein, a scientist like
A) van Gogh comes very high on the list as a
Newton – and Time Magazine’s “Man of the
result of the great number of his paintings
Century” for the 20th century. In ranking artists, one
B) at least six artists have a claim to top
can start the debate at Number Three – a rank for
place
which Raphael and Rembrandt are candidates, or
C) it is either Leonardo or Michelangelo who
perhaps one of the great French Impressionists, or
is Number One
the 20th century’s most famous artist, Picasso. The
D) the third place definitely goes to Raphael
ranks of Number One and Number Two, however,
E) 20th-century ones come low on the list
are reserved for Leonardo and Michelangelo, taken
in either order. These two are far above all other
46. We learn from the passage that, although
artists. Michelangelo lived a very long lifetime of
Leonardo left the world only a dozen or so
eighty-nine years, and was productive to the end.
paintings, ----.
Leonardo, on the other hand, lived sixty-seven
years, and left behind just a dozen paintings. And
A) these include the world’s two best-known
only a half of these are incontrovertibly one hundred
paintings
per cent by him. In contrast, Rembrandt painted
B) they are all of remarkably high quality
hundreds of paintings, 57 of himself alone; van
C) he actually painted a great many more
Gogh created nine hundred paintings in a period of
D) he knew they would keep his name alive
nine years. So how can we put Leonardo at the very
to the end of civilization
pinnacle? The answer is really quite simple: his
E) they rightly earned him the undisputed
dozen or so paintings include the Number One and
position of the world’s Number One artist
the Number Two most famous paintings in the
history of art – The Last Supper and Mona Lisa.

43. The passage is about “transformative

geniuses” ----.

A) as they have affected the world of

literature and science
B) but the author feels that the way the public
opinion ranks them is faulty
C) and the massive changes they have
brought to the world
D) and instances of them are given in several
fields
E) and the times in which they lived and
produced

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. It is emphasized in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. delay in the diagnosis of most cancers in
the mouth ----.

Oral cancers develop in 30,000 Americans and

A) can have a harmful effect on other parts of
cause 8,000 deaths each year, mostly in people
the body, especially on the lungs
over age 40. This represents about 2.5 per cent of
B) can lead to the spread of these cancers to
cancer cases and 1.5 per cent of all cancer-related
the jaw and neck areas
deaths. Clearly this is a high rate considering the
C) should not be tolerated, since these
small size of the mouth in relation to the rest of the
cancers can spread to the breast and
body. Along with cancers of the lung and skin,
prostate
cancers of the mouth are more preventable than
D) is a primary cause of death among
most other cancers. Non-cancerous and cancerous
middle-aged people
growths can originate in any type of tissue in and
E) is not as serious as a delay in detecting
around the mouth, including bone, muscle, and
skin cancers
nerve. Rarely, cancers found in the mouth region
have spread there from other parts of the body –
50. In this passage, the writer ----.
most commonly the lung, breast and prostate.
Screening for oral cancer should be an integral part
A) is concerned with oral cancers in regard to
of medical and dental examinations because early
their nature, early detection, and effects
detection is critical. Cancers less than a half inch
as well as their incidence rate in America
across can usually be cured easily. Unfortunately,
B) explains in detail the importance of oral
most oral cancers aren’t diagnosed until they’ve
hygiene and how cancerous growths in
spread to the lymph nodes of the jaw and neck.
the mouth can be prevented
Because of delayed detection, 25 per cent of oral
C) gives a wide range of reasons for
cancers are fatal.
widespread cases of lung cancer in
America
47. It is made clear in the passage that oral
D) gives a full description of how oral cancers
cancers ----.
spread to many parts of the body,
including the lymph nodes of the jaw and
A) account for 1.5 per cent of deaths from
neck
cancer in Americans
E) suggests that cancerous and non-
B) are always cured effectively, since they
cancerous growths in the mouth can only
are detected right away
be differentiated through a full medical
C) are more fatal than other cancers, such as
and dental examination
breast and prostate cancers
D) have only in the past few years become a
major concern among dentists in the US
E) are invariably caused by cancers in the
rest of the body

48. One understands from the passage that

medical examinations ----.

A) should be carried out once dental

examinations confirm a non-cancerous
growth in the mouth
B) must always precede dental examination
to detect cancerous growths in the mouth
C) should include a check for the early
detection of oral cancers
D) must be made of all the body before the
treatment of an oral cancer can be
initiated
E) should focus on cancerous rather than
non- cancerous growths in various parts of
the body

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. It is stressed in the passage that, from very
cevaplayınız. early times, every Eastern as well as every
Western power ----.

Since the dawn of civilization, the Middle East, a

region at the crossroads of Africa, Asia and A) has ignored the geopolitical position of the
Europe, has been important to large and small Middle East
powers alike, from the empires of the East to the B) has tried to colonize the Middle East and
imperial powers of the West. The opening of the exploit its natural resources
Suez Canal in 1869, which transformed maritime C) has maintained its presence in the Middle
travel between Europe and Asia, added to East on account of its oil
European interest. The region’s other riches also D) has regarded the Middle East as having
encouraged European intervention and rivalries. crucial importance
This resulted in a series of confrontations E) has followed a policy of peace and
between the Ottoman Empire and its European cooperation with the Middle East
adversaries, and finally in the collapse of the
former and the direct or indirect European
colonization of large parts of the region in the 53. It is asserted in the passage that, when the
course of the nineteenth and early twentieth Suez Canal was opened in 1869, ----.
centuries. But what added to the Middle East’s
importance in the twentieth century was oil,
which was found in abundance in the Persian A) European powers had already begun to
Gulf and in parts of North Africa. Moreover, in colonize the Middle East on a large scale
the strategic context of the Cold War, the B) an increasing number of Europeans
region’s geopolitical importance provided an began to make long journeys through Asia
additional reason for the superpowers to C) the flow of Middle Eastern oil to the West
increase their role and presence. increased steadily
D) European powers made a joint effort to
get control of the region
E) travel by sea between East and West
underwent great changes
51. According to the passage, during the Cold
War, ----. 54. It is pointed out in the passage that, from
the nineteenth century onwards, European
involvement in the Middle East ----.
A) the Middle East was geopolitically so
important that the superpowers came to
believe that involvement in the area was A) was solely concerned with the security of
desirable the Suez Canal
B) the geopolitical importance of the Middle B) was strongly resisted by the Ottoman
East was recognized for the first time Empire, which thus prevented the
C) the European powers competed with each colonization of the whole region
other in the Middle East in order to have C) has largely been motivated by the region’s
full control of the oil reserves in the geopolitical importance
Persian Gulf D) led to various conflicts with the Ottoman
D) the superpowers not only increased their Empire and finally ended its presence in
activities in the Middle East but also the region
formed alliances with the countries of the E) centred only on the Suez Canal and the
region opening of the sea-route to Asia
E) the superpowers were attracted by the oil
of the Middle East more than by its
geopolitical position

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. According to the passage, when the top
cevaplayınız. layers of the ice sheet melt, ----.

The huge ice sheet covering Greenland, which is A) the ice mass ceases to slide towards the
the world’s largest island, provides a habitat for ocean
many arctic species and holds nearly 8 per cent of B) water seeps down to the rocks below
the world’s freshwater. It is, on average, 5,000 feet aiding the ice mass to slide into the sea
thick and is constantly being replaced as snow falls C) it has an adverse effect on various arctic
each winter. Over the course of centuries, the snow species
compacts into ice, which slides towards the ocean. D) the rock under the ice mass is fully
In recent years, higher atmospheric concentrations exposed
of heat-trapping gases have accelerated that E) there is a noticeable increase in the
process. As temperatures rise, the top layers melt, volume of liquid water
giving way to darker, heat-absorbing ice and liquid
water. The meltwater seeps down to the rock below,
lubricating the ice mass and speeding its slide into 58. As pointed out in the passage, Greenland,
the sea. with its 5,000-foot-thick ice sheet, ----.

A) is so affected by the atmospheric

55. As one can see, the passage ----. concentrations of heat-trapping gases that
the amount of the meltwater on the island
has risen to a dangerous level
A) focuses on the importance of Greenland
B) has lost much of its freshwater capacity
as a major source of the world’s
due to the process of extensive melting
freshwater
which has been going on for centuries
B) is mainly concerned with the geographical
C) will soon lose its ice mass, since the
features of Greenland’s surface and
amount of snowfall on the island each
highlights its natural beauty
winter has dropped dramatically over the
C) deals in detail with the causes of global
course of the last few centuries
warming and its effects on the arctic
D) not only accommodates different kinds of
species in Greenland
arctic species but also preserves a
D) explains how global warming is having an
significant amount of the world’s
environmental impact on Greenland’s ice
freshwater
mass
E) can no longer provide a habitat for some
E) extensively describes the process
arctic species that have lived on the island
whereby the ice mass of Greenland has
over the course of many centuries
formed over the course of centuries

56. It is pointed out in the passage that the slide

into the ocean of the ice mass in Greenland
----.

A) has caused much damage to a wide range

of arctic species and their habitat
B) can be prevented completely so long as
temperatures are stable
C) is of vital importance because, through
this process, the world’s freshwater
capacity is increased
D) has only been observed in recent years,
but environmentally, this phenomenon is
of no significance
E) has been faster than usual in recent years
as a result of global warming

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. The writer prefers to define journalism ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) through a close study of violently
contrasting examples
The distinction between “journalism” and “literature”
B) while disregarding literary qualities
is quite futile, unless we are drawing such a violent
C) by looking at the type of mind that
contrast as that between Gibbon’s History and
produces good journalism
today’s paper; and such a contrast itself is too
D) after first drawing up a scale of literary
violent to have meaning. You cannot, that is, draw
values
any useful distinction between journalism and
E) in a way that will help journalism to
literature merely on a scale of literary values, as a
recover the respect it formerly enjoyed
difference between the well-written and the
supremely wellwritten: a second-rate novel is not
journalism, but it certainly is not literature. The term
“journalism” has deteriorated, so let us try to recall it
61. It is clear from the passage that the writer ----
to its more permanent sense. To my thinking, the
.
most accurate as well as most comprehensive
definition of the term is to be obtained through
A) regards journalism as second-rate
considering the type of mind, concerned with writing
literature
what all would concede to be the best journalism.
B) is very critical of the motives of the
There’s a type of mind, and I have a very close
journalist
sympathy with it, which can only turn to writing, or
C) thinks one can best come to an
only produce its best writing, under the pressure of
understanding of journalism by contrasting
an immediate occasion; and it is this type of mind
it with literature
which I propose to treat as the journalist’s. The
D) is far more interested in literature than in
underlying causes may differ: the cause may be an
journalism
ardent preoccupation with affairs of the day, or it
E) feels great respect for good journalism
may be (as with myself) laziness requiring an
immediate stimulus, or a habit formed by early
62. The point is made in the passage that the
necessity of earning small sums quickly. It is not so
journalist does his best writing when ----.
much that the journalist works on different material
from that of other writers, as that he works from a
A) events in his own life have stimulated him
different, no less and often more honourable,
B) there is no pressure upon him
motive.
C) he is closely involved in the affairs of the
time
59. In this passage, the writer asserts that ----.
D) under an obligation to do so
E) he can choose his own material
A) literature is far more valuable than
journalism
B) the difference between literature and
journalism bears little relation to literary
qualities
C) he has all the qualities of a journalist
D) the best stimulus for a journalist is the
need for Money
E) one must be ardently concerned with the
events of each day if one wants to be a
journalist

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Harry :- It is true that, in the nineteenth
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi century, Britain and France were Europe‘s two
bulunuz. great overseas empires.
Charles :- Why do you think so? Besides
them, there were other colonial powers in
63. Barry :- It says in this newspaper article
Europe that also owned territories overseas.
that, in the year 2000, almost 40% of all traffic
Harry :- ----
fatalities in theUS were alcohol-related.
Charles :- I see what you mean. In other
Jean :- ----
words, the Germans were reluctant to engage
Barry :- Yes. The percentage has
in a colonial enterprise. Right?
dropped from 51% in1987.
Jean :- That’s an improvement, then.
A) The new political and economic
relationships between colonies and
A) What do you think about this topic?
dependent states on the one hand and the
B) People shouldn’t drink alcohol and then
colonizing power on the other ran both
drive.
ways, bringing changes to both sides.
C) I think they need better public
B) The convergence of technology, money,
transportation systems in US cities.
and politics involved in the construction of
D) Is that a change from previous years?
the Suez Canal represents the interplay of
E) Were intoxicated pedestrians also
economics and empire in late nineteenth-
included in the survey?
century Europe.
C) The years from 1870 to 1914 brought both
64. Stephen :- By the way, what does the term
rapid industrialization throughout the West
―hydrologic cycle‖ mean? Can you explain it?
and the stunningly rapid expansion of
Martin :- Basicly it means that water
Western power abroad.
cycles from the oceans and land to the
D) In terms of colonial power politics, they
atmosphere, and then back to the oceans, and
counted little. As for Germany, which was
land. It is a complex cycle, which provides us
the strongest emerging power inside
with a renewable supply of purified water on
Europe, its governments did not believe
land.
that colonization overseas would yield
Stephen :- ----
economic and political advantages. So,
Martin :- Certainly, and also an important
Germany was not a colonial empire.
one. As you might expect, forests release
E) The nineteenth-century empires developed
substantial amounts of moisture into the
against the backdrop of economic and
atmosphere by transpiration, which then falls as
political changes such as industrialization,
precipitation.
liberal revolutions, and the rise of nation-
states, which transformed Europe and
A) When a forest is burned or cut down, how
European imperialism.
is the climate of the region affected?
B) Do you think forests influence an area‘s
66. Benjamin :- Have you ever heard of a “cargo
climate?
cult”?
C) Do forests play a role in this cycle?
Adam :- ----
D) How does transpiration by trees influence
Benjamin :- It happens when a person from
the local temperature of forests?
an economically-developed country goes to a
E) What are the factors that determine
place that is completely isolated from the
climate?
outside world. The people there see all the
things the foreigner brings, and start to treat the
foreigner as a god.

A) No. You tell me.

B) No, is it something about world travel?
C) What did you say?
D) Who came up with that term?
E) I don’t want to hear about it.

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67. Jane :- Have you had the chance to see the 70. He should have known better than to have
newcampus yet? left his son in charge of the factory if only
Pat :- No, I haven’t. But from all reports it’s first for a week.
class.
Jane :- ---- A) Though it was only for a week, it was
Pat :- Yes, let’s do that. foolish of him to make his son responsible
for the running of the factory.
A) I’ve heard mixed things about it, most of B) it was quite wrong of him to leave his son
them negative. to run the factory for as long as a week.
B) That’s what I’ve heard too. Shall we go C) it was foolish of the boy to imagine he
and have a look at it tomorrow? could take his father's place in the factory
C) The main fault is that it’s isolated. Getting for a week.
there will be difficult. D) He must have known that he couldn't
D) So far there are only three faculties that leave his son in charge of the factory for a
are accepting students. whole week.
E) Would you like to be a student there? E) He was mistaken in thinking that his son
was up to the responsibility of running the
factory for a week.

68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 71. Consultants of his calibre, whose advice is
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. consistently reliable and objective, are few
and far between.
68. He's one of those people who is always
ready to promise help but rarely keeps his A) It is not often that one comes across a
promise. consultant of his calibre, whose advice is
unfailingly dependable and unbiased.
A) He's often promised to help one, but never B) Rarely does one find a consultant like him
once done so. whose advice is completely honest and
B) He's like lots of other people; he promises disinterested.
to help but rarely does C) He is one of those rare consultants who
C) It's easy for him to promise to help, but he one can rely on to give absolutely fair and
never actually does help. honest advice.
D) Like so many others, he often promises to D) Consultants of any calibre can always be
help but then forgets to do so. counted on to advise in a balanced and
E) He's the sort of person who is good at professional manner.
promising help, but almost always fails to E) Fair and unbiased advice is what one
do so expects from a consultant of his calibre,
but one only rarely gets it.
69. China's determination to put people in
space dates back to the 1960's.

A) It was only in the 1 960s that China could

contemplate travel in space
B) China has been resolutely sending people
into space ever since the early 1960s.
C) As far back as the 1960s, China also
recognized the need to send people into
space.
D) From the 1960s onwards, China has been
captivated by space travel.
E) China has been set on getting people into
space ever since the 1960s.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 74. The United States and its allies cannot
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek remain in Afghanistan indefinitely. For them,
cümleyi bulunuz. building a capable Afghan security force
and a credible Afghan government is the
fastest and most responsible exit strategy. -
72. At the start of the twentieth century, Britain
--- On the other hand, a security force can
was still the greatest world power. By the
only be as good as its government, and the
middle of the century, although still one of
Afghan government has been crippled by
the ―Big Three, Britain was clearly weaker
corruption. However, national elections
than both the United States and the Soviet
scheduled for this year provide an incentive
Union. ----. Its power had ended as quickly
for the Afghan government to continue to
as Spain‘s had done in the seventeenth
improve.
century. One reason for this sudden decline
of Britain was the cost and effort of two
A) Afghans‘ greatest concerns are access to
world wars.
electricity, jobs, water, and education.
B) Indeed, more US troops are absolutely
A) Indeed, by the end of the 1970s, Britain
necessary to defeat the insurgents in
was no longer even among the richest
Afghanistan.
European powers
C) It is a clear fact that Pakistan is connected
B) In electronics and technology, Britain is
to the Afghan insurgency.
still a world competitor
D) The Pakistani army remains primarily
C) No one doubts that Britain is living in an
focused on the perceived threat from
age of uncertainty
India.
D) But the most important reason was the
E) However, US efforts so far to reach a
basic weaknesses in Britain‘s industrial
decision for a complete withdrawal have
power
been mixed.
E) The discovery of oil in the North Sea has
given Britain a great deal of economic
75. One of the causes of World War II was the
advantage
failure to create lasting, binding standards
for peace and security in Europe in
73. Around 1550, the Renaissance in Italy began
particular and in the world at large.
to decline. The causes of this decline were
Diplomats spent the 1920s, trying to restore
varied. ----. The French King Charles VIII
such standards. Some put their faith in the
viewed Italy as an attractive target for his
legal and moral authority of the League of
expansive dynastic ambitions. In 1494, he
Nations. ---- Throughout the decade, a
led an army of thirty thousand well-trained
number of leading European statesmen tried
troops across the Alps to press his claims
to reach a set of agreements that would
to the Duchy of Milan and the Kingdom of
stabilize the peace and prevent rearmament.
Naples.
A) Despite the good faith of many statesmen
A) The French invasion of 1494 and the
involved, none of these agreements
incessant warfare that ensued was one of
carried any real weight.
the major factors
B) Economic conditions in Europe were
B) Renaissance humanists were primarily
another important cause of renewed
interested in the study of classical texts
conflict.
C) To the Italian political disasters was added
C) Others saw disarmament as the most
a waning of Italian prosperity
promising means of guaranteeing peace.
D) As Italian wealth diminished, there was
D) Politicians feared international relations
less and less of a surplus to support
would be undermined by the growing
artistic endeavours
imbalance of power in Europe.
E) Italy‘s virtual monopoly of trade with Asia
E) Moreover, the economic depression of the
in the fifteenth century had been an
1930s contributed in several ways to the
economic support for the Italian
coming of the war.
Renaissance

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76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 79. (I) Antibiotics are drugs that disable or kill
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü infectious microorganisms. (II) However, for
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. nearly every antibiotic that has been developed,
a resistant strain of bacterium has appeared
within a few decades.(III) Penicillin, for
76. (I) The world’s coral reefs are in trouble.(II)
example, was originally isolated from a mold
According to an international consortium of
and has been widely prescribed since the
scientists and volunteers, only 30 per cent of
1940s. (IV) A revolution in human health rapidly
reefs are healthy now. (III) Modern coral reefs
followed its introduction, rendering many
as we know them have been accumulating
previously fatal diseases easily curable (such
since the Holocene Epoch 10, 000 years ago.
as strep throat and surgical infections). (V)
(IV) US government agencies, conservation
During the 1950s, some doctors even predicted
organizations and other scientists echo the
the end of human infectious diseases
point. (V) A few go so far as to say that coral
altogether.
reefs in some areas may be doomed.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
80. (I) Our knowledge of cell structure took a giant
77. (I) Plant biologists estimate that 25-50% of all
leap forward as biologists began using the
plant species are polyploids, that is, having
electron microscope in the 1950s. (II) Instead of
three or more sets of chromosomes. (II)
light, the electron microscope (EM) uses a
Hybridization between two species accounts for
beam of electrons.(III) Actually, specimens
most of this polyploidy, perhaps because the
should have been cut into extremely thin
unusually diverse assortment of genes ahybrid
sections and stained with atoms of heavy
inherits from parents of different species can be
metals such as gold. (IV) The EM has a much
advantageous. (III) Many of the plants we grow
greater resolution than the light microscope.(V)
for food are polyploids, including oats, potatoes,
Under special conditions, the most powerful EM
bananas, plums, apples and wheat. (IV) Cotton,
scan detect individual atoms.
also a polyploid, is the source of one of the
world’s most popular clothing fibres. (V) Cotton
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
thread is made from the long white plumes that
extend from the seeds of the plant.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) The legacies of colonialism weighed heavily

on sub-Saharan Africa. (II) Most of the
continent‘s former colonies came into their
independence after World War II, with their
basic infrastructures deteriorating after decades
of imperial negligence. (III) The Cold War
decades brought scant improvement, as
governments across the continent were
plagued by corruption, poverty and civil war.
(IV) By the end of the twentieth century, East
Asia had become a centre of industrial and
manufacturing production. (V) Moreover, during
the Cold War, these postcolonial states often
became the very ground on which the
superpower struggle was waged.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 32 6. In Britain, thieves, acting as tourists, ---- a

Leonardo da Vinci masterpiece worth
around $50 million.
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) turned down
B) broke down
1. Despite its small population and ---- C) made up
remoteness, Australia occupies a powerful D) made off with
position in global science in general and life E) put up with
science in particular.
7. Penguins are short-sighted ---- land, but see
A) ultimate clearly ---- water.
B) sizeable
C) relative A) over / on
D) extensive B) in / off
E) recurrent C) on / under
D) onto / into
2. In the advertising industry, it is a maxim that E) from / through
a message needs to be ---- often in order to
be both understood and appreciated. 8. Perhaps the most crucial factor ---- patient
noncompliance is poor verbal
A) repeated communication ---- the practitioner and the
B) engaged patient.
C) negotiated
D) involved A) for / by
E) settled B) of / among
C) about / of
3. To understand a country and its culture ----, D) in / between
you have to be part of it. E) to / for

A) continuously 9. ---- in France, where it was a pleasure

B) obviously strictly limited to the aristocracy, in the
C) gravely British Isles drinking chocolate was made
D) reluctantly available to the middle classes from the
E) truly outset.

4. Due to the current economic crisis, our bank A) Except

has reported a 24 per cent drop in pre-tax --- B) Rather
- for 2009. C) Unlike
D) Just as
A) profit E) Besides
B) cost
C) remittance 10. I have been working as a librarian at the
D) budget Main Library for two years, ---- I do not feel
E) expenditure that I want to make this my career.

5. Most space rockets plunge into the oceans A) or

or become space litter when they are ---- B) but
completely. C) so
D) for
A) taken up E) as
B) fallen out
C) given out
D) made up
E) used up

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11. Little Caesar, often called the grandfather of 16. In April 1953, Watson and Crick ---- the
the gangster movie, was produced at the scientific world with a succinct paper ----
beginning of the sound era, and ---- it shows their model for DNA.
its age in some areas, it is still an effective
thriller. A) were shaking / to explain
B) had been shaking / to have explained
A) even C) have shaken / to be explaining
B) because D) shook / explaining
C) while E) had shaken / having explained
D) so
E) besides

12. Compared with industrialized economies,

most developing countries are poor in the
essential factors of production ---- capital
and skilled labour.

A) more than
B) either
C) so that
D) the most
E) such as

13. With a nuclear weapon, the objective is to

release the energy ---- rapidly ---- possible
and produce a nuclear explosion.

A) as / as
B) both / and
C) either / or
D) so / that
E) not only / but also

14. To the astronomers of the Middle Ages, the

most important classical authorities on
natural philosophy ---- Aristotle and
Ptolemy, since both ---- frameworks that
explained the whole universe.

A) had been / created

B) are / have created
C) were / had created
D) have been / create
E) may have been / were creating

15. Recent excavations in Algeria ---- that Homo

erectus ---- there between 500, 000 and 750,
000 years ago.

A) have indicated / resided

B) had indicated / has resided
C) indicated / would reside
D) could have indicated / had been residing
E) indicate / had resided

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Jean Piaget’s training included heavy doses of both Many architects saw a building as a total work of art.
biology and philosophy. From philosophy came (17) They argued that the architect should design
---- of the content of his work. Piaget’s goal (18) ---- everything in a building, and this (22) ---- not just
his career was to use the study of children to fittings but also furniture. (23) ----, many modern
answer basic philosophical questions about the architects made striking furniture designs for use in
nature and origins of knowledge. His research (19) - their buildings, and these items also became (24) ---
--- shows a consistent focus on what have long - widely used. Mies’s metal-and-leather Barcelona
been central topics in philosophy: the child’s Chair, (25) ---- made for the German Pavilion at the
understanding of space, time, and causality, of Barcelona Exposition and then widely copied, is the
number and quantity, of classes and relations, of most famous example. Gerrit Rietveld’s Red-Blue
invariance and change. Undoubtedly, one reason Chair, a structure of planes and lines like a three-
Piaget’s studies (20) ---- so much attention up till dimensional Mondrian painting, symbolizes De Stijl
now is that they identify such basic and important (26) ---- many people.
forms of knowledge. Another reason is Piaget’s
surprising, and controversial, claim that these basic 22. .
forms of knowledge often take a long time to (21) --- A) has been included
-. B) must be included
C) was included
17. D) had been included
A) few E) included
B) that
C) many 23.
D) much A) On the other hand
E) several B) However
C) Otherwise
18. D) As a result
A) against E) Even so
B) at
C) throughout 24.
D) besides A) just
E) over B) more
C) as
19. D) most
A) thus E) such
B) quite
C) rather 25.
D) although A) commonly
E) instead B) readily
C) originally
20. D) positively
A) will attract E) equally
B) have attracted
C) were attracting 26.
D) had attracted A) between
E) are attracting B) by
C) in
21. . D) over
A) claim E) for
B) succeed
C) ensure
D) predict
E) develop

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. ---- even before Europe started interfering in
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. its local affairs.

A) Some countries certainly had strategic

27. ----, but now scientists know that some cells
importance
in the eye can detect light even when the
B) The 19 th century was a time of great
eyes are closed.
scientific advances
C) North Africa had many serious problems
A) Until recently, little was known about why
D) The potential for the exploitation of
sleeping people feel alert in brightly-lit
resources inEurope was limited
rooms
E) Libya and Sudan had a peaceful period of
B) Sleep has always been a mysterious state
economic development
of mind for psychologists
C) Hormonal imbalances are known to cause
32. ----, astronomers want to take pictures of
sleep disorders
galaxies of various ages from infancy to
D) Light travels faster than sound in both the
maturity.
atmosphere and in water
E) The eye is a complex structure enabling the
A) Because Hubble has taken long exposures
organism to visually perceive its
of small patches of sky
surroundings
B) In order to get an idea of what the Milky
Way might have looked like in the past
28. Although young children readily learn the
C) Even though old galaxies were smaller in
names of numbers, ----.
size and more irregular in shape than
modern ones
A) it is a long time before they can use them
D) As one would expect, if today’s galaxies
effectively
formed from the union of several smaller
B) much research has been carried out on the
ones
process of learning
E) If the rate of star formation reached its peak
C) their parents try to encourage them to solve
around seven billion years ago
complex problems
D) it doesn’t matter if they enjoy maths or not
33. In 1993, the philanthropist Henry Buhl
E) they can easily learn how to multiply two-
bought a rare gelatin-silver print of a
digit numbers
Stieglitz photograph of Georgia O’Keeffe’s
hands, ----.
29. When two or more drugs are taken in the
same time period, ----.
A) which was the beginning of a collection he
continued to amass over the years
A) some drugs must be used despite their
B) if he would have had over a thousand
having a very narrow margin of safety
images of hands
B) people should also consult their pharmacist
C) so the Guggenheim is exhibiting more than
C) they have been enormously beneficial in
a hundred and seventy of them
relieving suffering
D) when it is an interesting way to contemplate
D) they may interact in ways that are either
the history of photography, among other
good or bad
things
E) patients are advised not to take them
E) and they include a shot by Robert Capa and
a portrait of NuschEluard by Dora Maar
30. Since there is limited room in most deep sea
exploration boats, ----.

A) it has become increasingly easy to identify

various marine species
B) most marine biologists are trained to chase
off sharks
C) amateur divers are advised to carry extra
oxygen tubes with them
D) the coral reefs attract thousands of divers
every year
E) the divers on board have to use the
available space efficiently

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34. In a recently published paper, it is pointed 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
out that China has produced much of the anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
world’s rice for many decades, ----. cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz.
A) but in these rice paddies, nitrogen-based
fertilizer has, to a large extent, replaced
37. More than any other factor in human history,
animal manure
culture has made homo sapiens a unique
B) so it is another change in agricultural
force in the history of life on Earth.
practice that has the unintended side benefit
of reducing methane emissions
A) İnsanlık tarihindeki diğer etkenlerden
C) what is more, these rice farmers are using
herhangi biri kadar etkili olan kültür, homo
less water than they did before
sapiens‘i yeryüzündeki yaşam tarihinin tek
D) yet for the past 30 years, the area devoted
gücüne dönüştürmüştür.
to rice agriculture there has fallen from
B) Kültür, insanlık tarihindeki başka herhangi
about 37 million hectares to about 27 million
bir etkenden daha fazla, homo sapiens‘i,
E) and this change in how rice is grown in
yeryüzündeki yaşam tarihinde emsalsiz bir
China reduces the amount of methane
güç yapmıştır.
given off
C) Yeryüzündeki yaşam tarihinin eşsiz bir
gücü olan homo sapiens‘in insanlık
35. Few figures in Western history have held
tarihinde başka bir etkenden daha çok
the attention of the world ----.
önem kazanması, kültür ile mümkün
olmuştur
A) so long as Napoleon pursued serious
D) İnsanlık tarihinde herhangi bir etkenden
interests in history, law, and mathematics
daha önemli olan kültür vasıtasıyla, homo
B) as Napoleon did during the fifteen years of
sapiens, yeryüzündeki yaşam tarihindeki
his rule inFrance
tek güç olmuştur.
C) because Napoleon‘s character seemed
E) İnsanlık tarihinde başka etkenlerin yanı
suited to the age in which he lived
sıra kültür olmasaydı, homo sapiens
D) since Napoleon‘s particular strength as a
yeryüzündeki yaşam tarihinin emsalsiz
leader lay in his capacity for inspiring others
gücü olamazdı.
E) just as Napoleon believed that he was
destined to be the saviour of France
38. A research report prepared by a financial
firm suggests that the private sector in
36. Cancer cells are immortal; they can go on
China accounts for no more than 30 per cent
dividing indefinitely ----.
of the economy.

A) once the body’s immune system normally

A) Bir finans şirketinin son araştırma
recognizes a transformed cell as abnormal
raporuna göre, Çin’de özel sektörün
B) but chemotherapy is used to treat
ekonomideki payı % 30’dan fazla değildir.
metastatic tumours
B) Bir finans kuruluşunun raporunda
C) as long as they have a supply of nutrients
belirtildiği gibi, Çin’de özel sektör,
D) because this process has already been
ekonominin % 30’undan fazlasını
controlled
oluşturmamaktadır.
E) insofar as many tumours, luckily, can be
C) Bir finans şirketinin hazırladığı araştırma
treated
raporuna göre, Çin ekonomisinin %
30’unu özel sektör oluşturuyor.
D) Bir finans şirketinin yaptığı araştırma,
Çin’de özel sektörün ekonomide yaklaşık
% 30 payı olduğunu iddia ediyor.
E) Bir finans şirketi tarafından hazırlanan
araştırma raporu, Çin’de özel sektörün
ekonominin % 30’- undan daha fazlasını
oluşturmadığını ileri sürüyor.

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39. Animals have internal defence mechanisms 41. Gelişmiş ülkelerde hükûmetler, işsizlik
to protect them against disease-causing sorununu çözmek için çeşitli yöntemler
organisms that enter the body through air, denemişlerdir.
food and water and through wounds in the
skin. A) Governments in developed countries have
tried various methods to resolve the
A) Vücuda hava, yiyecek ve su ile ve derideki problem of unemployment.
yaralar yoluyla giren organizmalar, B) In developed countries, governments are
hayvanların dahili savunma trying several different methods for
mekanizmalarını etkisiz hale getirerek reducing unemployment.
hastalığa neden olabilirler. C) Various methods have been used by the
B) Hayvanların sahip olduğu dahili savunma governments of developed countries to
mekanizmaları, onları hava, yiyecek ve su resolve the unemployment problem.
ile ve derideki yaralar yoluyla vücuda giren D) The unemployment problem in developed
hastalık yapıcı organizmalara karşı korur. countries has been resolved by the
C) Hayvanlar dahili savunma governments using various methods.
mekanizmalarına sahip olmalarına E) Governments of various developed
rağmen hava, yiyecek ve su ile ve derideki countries have tried different ways of
yaralar yoluyla vücuda giren hastalık reducing unemployment.
yapıcı organizmalara karşı daima
savunmasızdırlar. 42. Ortadoğu ülkeleri yeni işçileri istihdam
D) Hayvanların, hava, yiyecek ve su ile veya etmek için, gelecek 20 yılda, şu andaki
derideki yaralar yoluyla vücuda giren sayıyı ikiye katlayarak 77 milyon yeni iş
hastalık yapıcı organizmalara karşı yaratmak zorunda kalacak.
geliştirdikleri dahili savunma
mekanizmaları vardır. A) To accommodate 77 million new workers
E) Hayvanlar hava, yiyecek ve su ile ve the Middle Eastern countries plan to
derideki yaralar yoluyla vücuda giren create twice as many job openings as
hastalık yapıcı organizmalara karşı there are at present.
kendilerini koruyan dahili savunma B) During the next 20 years, 77 million new
mekanizmalarına sahiptir. jobs – twice the present number – will
have to be created in the Middle Eastern
40. Nesiller arasındaki gen aktarımında temel countries to accommodate new workers.
bağlantıyı sağladıkları için, hücreler C) The creation of 77 million jobs in the
yaşamın devamından sorumludur. Middle East over the next 20 years, which
is twice the present number, should be
A) Cells are responsible for the continuity of enough to accommodate the new workers.
life because they provide the essential link D) As there are going to be 77 million new
in the transmission of genes between workers, the Middle Eastern countries
generations. plan to double the number of job openings
B) Cells, which are responsible for the over the next 20 years.
continuity of human life, provide the E) Middle Eastern countries will have to
essential link in the transmission of genes create 77 million new jobs – doubling the
between generations. present number – over the next 20 years
C) Since cells are responsible for the to accommodate new workers.
continuity of life, they provide the link,
which is essential, in the transmission of
genes between generations.
D) The essential link in the transmission of
genes between generations is provided by
cells, so cells are responsible for the
continuity of life.
E) The essential link between generations is
provided by the transmission of cells, and
for this reason, cells are responsible for
the continuity of life.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. It is pointed out in the passage that,
cevaplayınız. normally, blood pressure ----.

A) should not be regarded as a means to find

The single most effective step people can take
out about hypertension
against hypertension is to find out whether they
B) has an irregular pattern in those people
have it. At check-up time, a health-care professional
who have too much abdominal fat
can provide an accurate resting blood pressure
C) fluctuates widely among people who
reading. Under normal conditions, blood pressure
cannot control their emotions
fluctuates continously in response to a variety of
D) can be controlled and regulated through
factors including such things as talking or shifting
repeated readings
position. Some people react emotionally to the
E) is not stable, but constantly changes due
procedure, which raises the blood pressure reading.
to various reasons
For these reasons, if the resting blood pressure is
above normal, the reading should be repeated
46. According to the passage, if a person with
before confirming the diagnosis of hypertension.
hypertension loses weight, ----.
Thereafter, the blood pressure should be checked
regularly. In general, efforts to reduce high blood
A) other nondrug treatments should be
pressure focus on weight control, because excess
disregarded
body fat, especially abdominal fat, can precipitate
B) regular blood pressure readings may be
hypertension. Indeed, weight loss alone is one of
discontinued
the most effective nondrug treatments for
C) every attempt should be made to read the
hypertension. Those who are using drugs to control
blood pressure accurately
their blood pressure can often reduce or discontinue
D) it may be possible to decrease the dosage
the drugs if they lose weight. Even a modest loss of
of hypertension medication
5 kilograms may significantly lower blood pressure.
E) effective drugs should be used to reduce
abdominal fat in the first place
43. According to the passage, weight loss ----.

A) is certainly one way of overcoming

hypertension effectively
B) can be a very exhausting and boring
process for some people
C) can most effectively be achieved through
the use of certain drugs
D) is by itself not effective enough to reduce
high blood pressure
E) should be taken into consideration only
when drug treatment for hypertension has
failed

44. It is clear from the passage that, before

diagnosing hypertension, the health-care
professional ----.

A) must make sure that the patient has no

emotional problems
B) should advise the patient on the most
effective methods of losing weight
C) ought to recommend to the patient certain
drugs that are effective for weight loss
D) should repeat the blood pressure test if
the first reading is above normal
E) must first deal with excess body fat and
bring the blood pressure under control

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. As is clear from the passage, Keynes ----.
cevaplayınız.

A) differed little from his contemporaries in

During the economic depression that affected the his economic theories
whole Western world in the 1930s, with its mass B) had much trust in the free market, which
unemployment, poverty and other social ills, he believed had a positive impact on the
governments, for the most part, did nothing. The economy of the 1930s
accepted wisdom was that, given time, the free C) did not think that the economic depression
market would solve its own problems and that of the 1930s was serious enough to justify
government interference would only make things government interference
worse. John Maynard Keynes, the British economist D) firmly believed that government
who challenged this belief, argued that it was the intervention in the management of the
proper responsibility of governments to prevent both economy could be necessary
booms and recessions in order to maintain gradual E) argued that economic prosperity should
economic growth and permanent full employment. not be the prime aim of any government
He maintained that this could be done by
manipulating taxation, credit and public expenditure.
If the economy was growing too fast, then money 49. It is pointed out in the passage that, due to
and, therefore, demand could be taken out of the the economic depression in the West in the
economy by higher taxes, lower government 1930s, ----.
spending and by making it harder to borrow money.
If there was recession and growing unemployment,
then the government could put money into the A) most governments curbed public
economy through lower taxes, higher public expenditure and changed their system of
expenditure and easier credit. Thus, demand could taxation
be encouraged. If, as a result, there was money in B) there was unemployment on a very large
people’s pockets, then more would be spent on scale
goods and more people would be needed to make C) the increasing demand for goods had to
the goods to fulfil the extra demand, and this would be prevented through harsh economic
reduce unemployment. policies
D) many governments introduced a series of
measures to solve social problems
E) it was almost impossible for people to
47. According to the Keynesian argument borrow money
summarized in the passage, in order to
bring down unemployment, ----.
50. As it is stated in the passage, in the 1930s,
----.
A) new economic policies would be
formulated by the government, so that
demand could be curbed A) all governments in the West carefully
B) governments would follow a policy of non- followed the economic policies proposed
intervention in the economy and allow the by Keynes
problem to be solved through the free B) permanent full employment was achieved
market through an efficient implementation of free
C) the government had to make new loans market policies
available for businesses at very high C) governments generally felt that the free
interest rates market was the only way of solving the
D) the government would prefer to increase problems of the depression
taxation, so that people would spend less D) despite high unemployment, people had
E) one of several measures to be introduced so much money that the demand for
by the government would be to encourage goods could not be controlled
an increase in public spending E) the British government gave Keynes full
responsibility to improve the economy

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. According to the passage, the water
cevaplayınız. resources of the world ----.

A) are largely confined to the Indus and the

Today the world faces a growing crisis over the
Nile
management of its great rivers. In recent years,
B) have been increased through the solutions
most of the great rivers in the world, such as the
proposed by water engineers, and so the
Yellow River in China, the Indus, the Colorado, and
need for clean drinking water will be met
the Nile, have all periodically run empty because
well before 2015
mankind has used their every last drop. Indeed,
C) are so limited that it is doubtful whether
there is a huge unmet demand in the world for
the number of people with no access to
water. More than a billion people have no access to
clean drinking water can be halved, as
clean drinking water, and while it is hoped that this
hoped, by 2015
figure will be halved by 2015, nobody is sure where
D) have become a major concern among
the water will come from. With today’s trends, one-
politicians in many countries and,
third of the world population will be seriously short of
therefore, new policies have been
water by 2025. Politicians in China, India, Pakistan,
proposed for an efficient management of
Egypt and other water- stressed countries want their
the great rivers
water engineers to find solutions and fast.
E) need to be upgraded by 2025 in order to
catch up with the growth rate of the world
population
51. In the passage, there is a clear warning that,
----. 53. As can be understood from the passage, the
fact that even some great rivers have from
A) sooner or later, water shortages could time to time run dry due to the overuse of
lead to serious political crises in China their capacity ----.
and other countries
B) despite the solutions proposed by water A) demonstrates how the growth of the
engineers, the people of China, India, populations in some countries has had an
Pakistan, and Egypt will soon face a adverse effect on the water resources
serious shortage of water B) shows how irresponsible the water
C) unless more precautions are taken, more engineers of most countries have been
than a billion people will have almost no C) signifies that there must be a national
access to water in the near future water authority in each country for the
D) so long as politicians remain indifferent to preservation of the water resources
the growing water crisis in the world, most D) makes it urgent for water engineers to
countries will be unable to provide clean discover new water resources in the
drinking water for their people southwestern US
E) by the end of the first quarter of this E) is a clear indication of how urgent the
century, there will be a severe water demand for water is in the world today
shortage affecting one-third of the world
population 54. One concludes from the passage that
efficient management of the water
resources of the world is essential ----.

A) if the growing worldwide demand for water

is to be met adequately
B) and the waters of the Nile and the Indus,
in particular, must not be used so
wastefully
C) since China and India, with their large
populations, are heading for a serious
shortage of water well before 2015
D) as one-third of the population in China is
unable to get clean drinking water
E) in order to maintain political stability in the
countries most affected by an acute
shortage of drinking water

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. The point is made in the passage that each
cevaplayınız. and every system of education ----.

A) needs to be tailor-made to fit the specific

Questions of education are frequently discussed as
social system for which it is designed
if they bore no relation to the social system in which
B) will inevitably have shortcomings or faults
and for which the education is carried on. This is
C) should be constantly updated
one of the most common reasons for the
D) should be designed on the basis of
unsatisfactoriness of the answers. It is only within a
educational theory, not on the opinions of
particular social system that a system of education
society at large
has any meaning. If education today seems to
E) has a great deal in common with every
deteriorate, if it seems to become more and more
other system of education
chaotic and meaningless, it is primarily because we
have no settled and satisfactory arrangement of
58. In this passage, the author aims to make us
society, and because we have both vague and
think about not only what we want from
diverse opinions about the kind of society we want.
education, but also about ----.
Education is a subject which cannot be discussed in
a void: our questions raise other questions, social,
A) how harmful is the effect it is having on
economic, financial, and political. And the bearings
society
are on more ultimate problems even than these: to
B) how far we are prepared to support it
know what we want in education, we must know
C) to what extent we have ourselves
what we want in general, we must derive our theory
benefited from it
of education from our philosophy of life.
D) whether it really is deteriorating at a great
speed
55. The main point made in the passage is that
E) what we want from life
education, ----.

A) should be isolated from financial issues

B) is becoming more and more meaningless
C) will improve when the political and
economic situation improves
D) must be related to the social and political
background in which it occurs
E) will naturally evolve in accordance with the
process of history

56. According to the writer, the present-day

unsatisfactory and ineffectual state of
education ----.

A) can be regarded as a passing phase, and

no action need be taken
B) is a result of the disordered state of
society and the fact that society does not
know what it wants
C) offers no real cause for concern
D) has provoked a great deal of useful
discussion about how it relates to the
social system
E) is receiving a great deal of much-needed
attention

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. In the passage, it is pointed out that alcohol
cevaplayınız. ----.

A) has a positive effect on nutrients in food

People who fail to eat enough food to meet energy
and, thus, increases one’s intake of
needs risk nutrient deficiencies, including thiamin
energy
deficiency. Inadequate thiamin intakes have been
B) is a major source of all kinds of nutrients,
reported among malnourished and homeless
especially of thiamin
people. Similarly, people who derive most of their
C) is an empty-kcalorie beverage and
energy from empty-kcalorie items, like alcohol, risk
increases the urinary excretion of thiamin
thiamin deficiency. Alcohol contributes energy, but
D) plays a positive role in overcoming one’s
provides few, if any, nutrients and often displaces
nutrient deficiencies
food. In addition, alcohol enhances thiamin
E) provides a great deal of energy whereby
excretion in the urine, doubling the risk of
inadequate thiamin intake is tolerated
deficiency. Prolonged thiamin deficiency can result
in the disease “beriberi,” which was first observed in
62. As one can understand from the passage,
East Asia when the custom of polishing rice became
people in East Asia began to contract
widespread. Rice provided 80 per cent of the energy
beriberi ----.
intake of the people of that area, and rice hulls (the
outer skin of rice) were their principal source of
A) due to excessive alcohol consumption
thiamin. When the hulls were removed, beriberi
B) when the hulls were removed from their
spread like wildfire. Because thiamin participates in
rice
nerve processes, paralysis sets in when it is lacking.
C) due to damaged nerve processes caused
The symptoms of beriberi include damage to the
by excess thiamin
nervous system as well as to the heart and other
D) only because rice was excluded from their
muscles.
regular daily diet
E) even though the food they took in
59. According to the passage, thiamin
contained all the nutrients needed
deficiency ----.

A) has been attributed mainly to excessive

consumption of alcohol
B) has always been very common among
East Asian people
C) and its effects were understood, to some
extent, after the case of the East Asian
people
D) affects the nervous system and can lead
to paralysis
E) has been observed mostly among the
homeless people of East Asia

60. As is clear from the passage,

undernourished people ----.

A) usually suffer from a number of diseases

which are linked to prolonged thiamin
deficiency
B) are likely to contract various diseases, in
particular, beriberi
C) are particularly vulnerable to thiamin
deficiency and frequently suffer from heart
disease
D) must avoid alcohol and keep to a diet
which is rich in thiamin
E) may face nutrient deficiencies since they
do not have enough energy intake

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 66. Senior Doctor :- I hear you’ve been
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi doing research on alcoholism in Turkey.
bulunuz. Junior Doctor :- Yes. I feel the findings
are not all that alarming.
Senior Doctor :- ----
63. Alex :- This article claims that, within
Junior Doctor :- In a way, yes. For
the next ten years, the economies of
instance, nearly 8 per cent of adults in the US
developing countries will grow extensively.
have a serious problem with alcohol use.
Jeannette :- Yes, I’ve read it. I don’t think the
economies will grow only because of foreign or
A) Really? You say that in comparison with
domestic investment, however.
other developed countries?
Alex :- ----
B) Aren’t they? It’s a fact that alcohol
Jeannette :- They’ll grow because most of
produces both psychological and physical
the poor people in those countries will finally
dependence.
have enough money to start spending it.
C) In your report, you claim that men are four
times more likely than women to become
A) How do you know?
alcoholics.
B) Then what is it that will cause the growth?
D) In general, alcoholics often can’t manage
C) I don’t agree with the article, do you?
their behaviour and tend to drive while
D) Who wrote this article, anyway?
drunk.
E) What do you think will happen?
E) Well, alcohol is rapidly absorbed from the
small intestine into the blood stream.
64. Molly :- The black and white stripes of a zebra
cannot possibly act as camouflage.
67. Polly :- What’s the matter with Mary?
Peter :- That’s true when there is just one
She’s not her usual bright self.
zebra, but they are usually found in large
Gwen :- ----
groups or herds.
Polly :- Poor Mary! No wonder she
Molly :- ----
looks so tired.
Peter :- It certainly does. An enemy seeking to
Gwen :- She certainly does. But she’ll
attack cannot pick out any individual zebra.
get used to it in time.

A) Why do the stripes go in different

A) I hadn’t noticed any change in her.
directions?
B) She and her brother have quarrelled and it
B) How does that help?
upset her.
C) Does that make a difference?
C) Well, her mother fell and broke her leg, so
D) Why is that?
Mary has to do all the housework.
E) Why do they need camouflage?
D) There are problems at work – she doesn’t
like her new boss.
65. Peter :- How much time do you spend each
E) She isn’t sleeping very well. She’s worried
day with your computer?
about something, but won’t say what.
Judy :- Quite a lot. Sometimes as much as 8
hours a day.
Peter :- ----
Judy :- I know. But I prefer to be by myself.

A) Do you play games mostly, or read

articles?
B) So do I. It’s fun, isn’t it?
C) That’s far too much. You need to spend
more time with people.
D) Some people regard it as a waste of time.
But I get a lot of useful information out of
it.
E) I hope you take some exercise every day
as well!

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 70. In my opinion, too many of the things that
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. happen in this company depend upon the
chairman's discretion.

68. The meeting lasted tor longer than we had

A) Just because he happens to be chairman
expected as, for some reason or another,
of the company he thinks he's the chief
there were continual interruptions.
decision-maker.
B) I reckon that the company chairman has
A) The interruptions that made the meeting
far too big a say in what happens here.
last for so much longer than we
C) The fact that he's the company chairman
anticipated were all of them quite
doesn't give him the right to give all the
unnecessary.
orders.
B) It was on account of there being so many
D) it seems to me that the chairman
interruptions that the meeting went on for
interferes in most of the affairs of the
so much longer than we had expected.
company
C) We were interrupted time and again, on
E) As I see it, the company chairman doesn't
various accounts, so the meeting went on
know how to delegate the work of the
longer than we had anticipated.
company efficiently.
D) In spite of a succession of quite
unnecessary interruptions, the meeting
71. When he asked which one I wanted, I said I
didn't actually last much longer than the
didn't mind.
time scheduled for it.
E) The scheduled time was not adequate for
A) He said I could choose between them, but
the meeting but this was largely due to a
I said it didn't matter to me.
succession of very annoying interruptions.
B) He said I had to choose, but I didn't want
to.
69. This documentary focuses on the joys and
C) It was up to me to choose between them,
pressures that inevitably accompany the
but I really didn't want to.
bringing up of a disabled child.
D) He wanted me to choose for him and I
agreed to do so.
A) As is pointed out in the film, pain and
E) I would have done the choosing if they
pleasure are both to be experienced in
had asked me to.
caring for a crippled child.
B) In this feature film we are shown the trials
and pleasures that people with an
abnormal child experience.
C) The film highlights the pain and the
pleasure inherent in the task of bringing
up a deformed child.
D) The delights and strains that one is bound
to encounter when caring for a
handicapped child are at the heart of this
documentary.
E) The documentary shows how trials and
rewards are equally forthcoming when one
is caring for an irrational child.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. In ancient Egypt most people were poor,
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek living in crowded conditions in simple mud-
cümleyi bulunuz. brick dwellings. During the period of
prosperity, however, skilled artisans, such
as jewellers, goldsmiths, and the like, could
72. The African Union is well aware that,
elevate themselves and enjoy nicer
although Africa has enormous agricultural
surroundings. ---- The vast majority of
potential, it still remains a major food
Egyptians, however, were peasants who, as
importer. The majority of Africans live in
unskilled labourers, provided the brute force
rural areas and depend on agriculture for
necessary for agriculture and construction.
their livelihood; but the performance of the
Beneath them were slaves, typically
agricultural sector has been dismal. In
captives from foreign wars rather than
addition to internal and structural problems
native Egyptians.
that each African country faces, external
setbacks such as climate change and global
A) There can be little doubt that the massive
economic instability have made the
investment of labour and wealth required
conditions worse for growth and
to build the great pyramids put grave
development in all sectors, including
strains on Egyptian society.
agriculture. ----
B) The pyramids were in fact raised by tens
of thousands of peasant workers, who
A) The vision of the African Union is to
most probably participated willingly in the
achieve an integrated, prosperous, well-
building projects.
governed, and peaceful United States of
C) Governmental control over the lives of
Africa.
individual Egyptians was very strict, and
B) These are some of the most serious
the number of administrative officials
issues that the African Union is
employed by the state was quite high.
determined to address as efficiently as
D) Potters, weavers, masons, bricklayers,
possible.
brewers, merchants, and schoolteachers
C) Africa seeks to promote existing and
also enjoyed a higher standard of living.
agreedupon shared values across the
E) Gender divisions may have been less
continent at individual, national, regional,
clearly defined among the peasantry than
and international levels.
they were among the elites.
D) All the African countries wish to eliminate
ongoing conflicts and prevent the
74. Gregor Mendel was not the first plant
occurrence of new ones in order to
breeder. At the time he began his work,
achieve development and integration.
hybrid plants and animals had been known
E) Some of the values cherished and upheld
for a long time. Mendel‘s genius lay in his
by each African nation are good
ability to recognize a pattern in the way the
governance, democracy, respect for
parental traits reappear in the offspring of
human rights, accountability, and
hybrids. ----
transparency.
A) It is true that Mendel was a clergyman
who bred pea plants in his monastery
garden at Brno, Czech Republic
B) Therefore, at that time biology was largely
a descriptive science, and biologists had
little interest in experimental studies.
C) So it is clear that Mendel‘s ―hereditary
factors are essentially what we call
―genes today, which is one of the major
subjects of modern biology.
D) In fact, geneticists study not only the
transmission of genes, but also the
expression of genetic information.
E) No one before him had categorized and
counted the offspring and analyzed these
regular patterns over several generations.

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75. The economic depression of the 1930s 78. (I) The causes of depression aren’t fully
forced many writers to re-examine the style understood.(II) A number of factors may make
and purpose of their work. Among threats of a person more likely to experience depression,
economic devastation, totalitarianism, and such as a family tendency, side effects of
war, literature became increasingly certain medications, an introverted personality,
politicized. Authors were largely interested and emotionally upsetting events. (III) For some
in the depiction of injustice and cruelty and reason, women are twice as likely as men to
felt obliged to point the way to a better experience depression.(IV) Psychological
society. ---- studies show that changes in hormone levels
before menstruation and after childbirth may be
A) In his great poem The Waste Land the factors. (V) Hormones also control the volume
Anglo- American poet T.S. Eliot presented of fluid and the levels of salt and sugar in the
a philosophy that was close to despair. blood.
B) In his novel The Sun Also Rises,
Hemingway gave the public a powerful A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
description of the socalled ―lost
generation. 79. (I) The medieval English poet Geoffrey Chaucer
C) Moreover, they no longer directed their was able to travel widely throughout Europe
work to fellow intellectuals alone, but to and study the literature of France and Italy. (II)
ordinary men and women as well. With striking success, he combined his wide-
D) Furthermore, Virginia Woolf‘s essays and ranging learning with an enthusiastic love for
novels offered an eloquent and severe the everyday lives of ordinary English people
critique of Britain‘s institutions and into his masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales. (III)
universities. During the century following Chaucer’s death,
E) As for Bertolt Brecht, he rebelled against England was torn apart in a civil war, called the
high culture and bourgeois values, but he “Wars of the Roses”. (IV) This is a work which
also protested against the pretentious the educated admired for its careful
elitism of his contemporaries. development of current literary forms, while
ordinary listeners loved its comedy and
adventure. (V) It became one of the most
popular texts of its day.
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
80. (I) The author of a story usually chooses the
76. (I) The eruption of Vesuvius in 79 A.D. remains title very carefully. (II) It may call attention to a
one of the most famous events in history. (II) At character or suggest something about the story
the time, Pompeii, about 9 km south of the itself. (III) It may even hint at the theme that the
volcano, was a busy town with a population of story expresses.(IV) Most short stories have
20, 000. (III) But Vesuvius suddenly released unexpected endings.(V) Moreover, it may give
clouds of ash and lava which swept through the the reader an idea about the meaning of the
town. (IV) Even so, volcanoes remain fairly story.
unpredictable. (V) Pompeii was destroyed and
its inhabitants killed. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

77. (I) Poetry affects us in two different ways. (II)

First, it speaks directly to our senses through its
music and rhythm, which we actually hear when
it is read aloud.(III) Accordingly, the poet uses a
special literary technique. (IV) But indirectly,
poetry speaks to our senses through imagery.
(V) It most often does this by creating a mental
picture, or an “image” that we see not in the
world around us, but in our mind.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 33 5. Some studies have suggested that women

who take more than a year to conceive, even
those who ---- having babies naturally have
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere a greater than normal risk of giving birth
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. prematurely or needing a caesarean section.

1. Health risks from pesticide exposure are A) give in

probably small for healthy adults, but B) make out
children, the elderly, and people with C) put off
compromised immune systems may be ---- D) end up
to some types of pesticide poisoning. E) keep off

A) hostile 6. The geological history of the Grand Canyon

B) substantial region ---- to be a lot more complex than
C) severe previously thought when scientists
D) reversible examined the area in more detail.
E) vulnerable
A) put off
2. Twenty-five per cent of excess nitrogen B) gave up
from overfertilization of fields ---- into the C) brought about
oceans via rivers. D) turned out
E) set out
A) brings
B) carries 7. Most anthropologists think man ---- South
C) swims America around 12, 000 years ago, although
D) expels some ---- it much earlier.
E) flows
A) has settled / may have put
3. The ---- thin walls of the alveoli allow oxygen B) settles / are putting
to move from the alveoli into the blood in C) had settled / were putting
the capillaries. D) was settling / had put
E) settled / have put
A) consciously
B) adversely 8. Though warfare ---- a characteristic feature
C) unexpectedly of international relations in the Late Bronze
D) extremely Age, the most powerful states of the time in
E) alternatively the Mediterranean basin ---- a balance of
power that stabilized trade and diplomacy.
4. The central government has called for
tighter regulations on coastal development A) had remained / were creating
and is launching an ---- to remove illegal B) remained / created
beach homes and hotels. C) has remained / would have created
D) remains / had created
A) observation E) must have remained / have created
B) initiative
C) investment 9. Prevention is the ideal way to approach
D) entitlement pain, and several educational programmes
E) attachment that ---- workers to avoid lower back injuries
---- some effectiveness.

A) are training / would show

B) would train / had shown
C) have trained / showed
D) train / have shown
E) trained / will show

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10. If Japan ---- import tariffs on food for all 15. Archaeological records show evidence ----
foreign farmers, its reliance on agricultural local plants being used as medicine ----
products from abroad ---- to 90% from about ancient Egyptian and Stone Age times.
60%.
A) about / at
A) had cut / has risen B) of / in
B) cuts / will rise C) with / by
C) would cut / rises D) from / for
D) has cut / rose E) on / to
E) cut / had risen
16. Because of Earth’s rotation, a person near
11. In the past, Guatemala claimed ---- half of its the equator travels a longer distance ---- a
neighbour Belize’s territory. given time than does a person ---- higher
latitudes.
A) more than
B) as well as A) of / on
C) just as B) for / to
D) but also C) over / with
E) the same as D) within / from
E) in / at
12. I could only manage to run for about two
kilometres ---- I took up sports seriously
seven years ago.

A) since
B) even as
C) while
D) when
E) rather than

13. The production of a single calorie of meat,

depending on ---- it is beef or chicken,
requires four to ten calories in animal feed.

A) which
B) if
C) whatever
D) how
E) whether

14. Some 30 women are running in the Kuwaiti

general election, ---- few, if any, are
expected to win.

A) so that
B) in that
C) whether
D) because
E) although

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

On the whole, Turkey’s north Aegean coast is Small planes should be safe enough for normal, non
blissfully free of the worst excesses of tourist risk-taking people to trust their lives to them. NASA
development. Most of the coastal towns are smaller wants (22) ---- the accident rate by 90 per cent
and (17) ---- family-oriented than those further within twenty-five years. The planes should become
south, although the scenery is sometimes spoiled fast enough for their effective speed to be at least
(18) ----unsightly second-home developments. three times (23) ---- great as that of cars on the
Çanakkale makes the best base for visiting the highway. The existing small-plane fleet averages
famous battlefields and (19) ---- for visiting the 150 knots; that should be raised to 300 knots within
famous ruins at Troy. Not far south is picture-perfect a decade, and eventually to 450 knots, (24) ----
Assos, an old town situated on an extinct volcano small planes could compete with the jetliners’
(20) ---- the Greek island of Lesbos. At Bergama the speed. The planes should be more efficient and
impressive ruins of the acropolis, (21) ---- paper was environmentally safer, using less fuel, creating less
invented, can be seen. pollution, and generating less noise. They should be
more (25) ---- in their operations and far simpler to
fly, much like cars that vary little from one rental site
17. to another. And they should be radically more
A) the more reliable and cheaper to maintain – following the
B) the most example of automobiles, with their quality revolution
C) most (26) ---- the 1980s and 1990s.
D) more
E) the least 22.
A) to have reduced
18. B) reducing
A) in C) having reduced
B) at D) to reduce
C) by E) to have been reducing
D) on
E) of 23.
A) as
19. B) such
A) not only C) much
B) as well as D) so
C) either E) more
D) both
E) also 24.
A) if only
20. B) in that
A) overlooking C) so that
B) overlooked D) by which
C) overlooks E) as if
D) to have overlooked
E) to overlook 25.
A) tentative
21. B) consistent
A) when C) deliberate
B) which D) reluctant
C) that E) recurrent
D) where
E) whose 26.
A) at
B) for
C) about
D) of
E) with

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. A colour-blind person cannot see any
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. difference between two colours ----.

A) while to people with normal sight they are

27. Anaemia means a deficiency of red blood
clearly different
cells, ----.
B) as if red and green were completely
different
A) whereas the body replaces the plasma
C) if this were the case with traffic-lights
within 1 to 3 days after rapid haemorrhage
D) since this is a potentially dangerous
B) but red blood cells are delivered from the
situation
bone marrow into the circulatory system
E) whether the top light or the bottom light
C) so in sickle cell anaemia, the cells contain
signals―stop‖
an abnormal type of haemoglobin called
haemoglobin S
31. The aid package offered bythe G8may be
D) which can be caused by either too rapid a
wasted----.
loss or too slow a production of red blood
cells
A) so the G8 summit in 2005 promised 100 per
E) yet a person cannot absorb enough iron
cent debt relief to an initial group of 14
from the intestines in chronic blood loss
countries
B) if the rich world’s governments made
28. Researchers have found that the DNA in
expansive promises about fostering
bacteria deteriorates sharply after about 1.1
development in Africa
million years, ----.
C) although it had not brought about a
significant transfer of resources
A) whereas the DNA of the average bacterium
D) unless there are improvements in the
has about 3 million units
management of public spending in sub-
B) which consisted of just 210 units linked
Saharan Africa
together
E) but most aid is now conditional on good
C) after which the size of the DNA gets cut in
governance and structural reform in sub-
half
Saharan Africa
D) but older microorganisms didn’t perform as
well
32. ---- that the reasons for introducing the new-
E) and some of the oldest microorganisms
design dollar bills were the persistent
were watched for as long as a year
reports of high quality counterfeits
circulating in the Middle East.
29. Until fairly recently, we viewed the ocean as
a bountiful, virtually limitless resource, ----.
A) Following a US Secret Service probe, the
US Federal Reserve has wondered
A) so many countries are also taking steps to
B) Enormous quantities of dollar bills are held
restore and conserve wetlands
in reserve in the US and overseas
B) unless we are now seeing the effects of our
C) All of them are old allegations made by the
disregard for marine communities
US Federal Reserve
C) yet seafood would become less plentiful
D) The US government‘s currency policy has
D) and we have harvested the ocean heavily
been sharply criticised
and used it as a dumping ground for wastes
E) It has been claimed, but never confirmed by
E) regardless of the fact that laws in many
the US Federal Reserve
countries now prohibit disposal of sewage
and other wastes at sea
33. Though the smell of fumes in an aircraft
cockpit may not always spell danger, ----.

A) a forced landing could have been avoided

B) even a small sensor can detect a wide
range of chemicals
C) harmless fumes had been caused by a
small leak of oil
D) it is guaranteed to alarm the pilot
E) such a detector can easily be fitted into an
aircraft

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34. ---- while such African languages as Hausa 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
and Swahili continued to serve the everyday anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
needs of the masses. cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz.
A) During the colonial era in Africa, English
became the shared language of the
37. Owing to infertility treatments, the
administration and a Western-educated élite
percentage of twin births in the US has
B) In colonial Africa, the teaching of English
nearly doubled in the past 20 years.
literature is no longer popular
C) Modern African writers have found it
A) Son 20 yılda sayısı ikiye katlanan kısırlık
necessary to adapt certain aspects of
tedavileri nedeniyle, ABD’de ikiz doğum
English
oranı çok arttı.
D) Today, English is the official language of
B) ABD’de kısırlık tedavisinde son 20 yılda
sixteen countries in Africa
görülen artış, ikiz doğum oranını iki kattan
E) English as a second language has been
fazla yükseltti.
taught in Africa for nearly four hundred
C) Kısırlık tedavilerindeki hemen hemen 20
years
yıl süren artış, ABD’de ikiz doğum
35. Because energy production expends
oranının ikiye katlanmasına neden oldu.
resources and causes pollution, ----.
D) Kısırlık tedavilerinden dolayı, ABD’de ikiz
doğum oranı son 20 yılda hemen hemen
A) we depend upon nature to provide the
ikiye katlandı.
basics of life, such as food and oxygen
E) ABD’de giderek yaygınlaşan kısırlık
B) many resources are used once and then
tedavileri, son 20 yılda ikiz doğum
thrown away
oranının ikiye katlanmasına neden oldu.
C) modern technical challenges are seldom
met by scientists
38. Pressure groups are informal political
D) scientists and engineers must work to
institutions which, just like parties, seek to
develop energy-efficient processes
influence the decision-making process.
E) engineers must solve problems without
even understanding the underlying theory
A) Baskı grupları, karar alma sürecini, tıpkı
partiler gibi etkilemek için çaba gösteren
36. If only she had come up with some positive
gayriresmî siyasal kuruluşlardır.
suggestions, ----.
B) Gayriresmî siyasal kuruluşlar olan baskı
grupları tıpkı partiler gibi karar alma
A) the scheme certainly had very many
sürecini etkilemeyi amaçlarlar.
drawbacks
C) Karar alma sürecini etkileme amacını
B) nobody else is likely to complain
güden çeşitli baskı grupları, gayriresmî
C) so far this is the best thesis to be
siyasal kuruluşlar olup partilere
submitted
benzemektedir
D) the others will already have been rejected
D) Partilere çok benzeyen baskı grupları,
E) I wouldn‘t have minded her criticism of the
gayriresmî siyasal kuruluşlardır ve karar
project
alma sürecini etkilemeye çalışırlar.
E) Tıpkı partiler gibi baskı grupları da karar
alma sürecini etkileyen gayriresmî siyasal
kuruluşlardır.

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39. During World War II many Britons believed 41. Birkaç ay sonra yeniden iş aramaya başladı,
that Churchill was clearly the man to lead ancak sadece yan zamanlı bir iş bulabildi, o
the country to final victory, but few expected da hemen sona erdi.
him to go on after the war.
A) When she started working again a few
A) II. Dünya Savaşı‘nda ülkeyi kesin zafere months later, she could only do a part-
ulaştıracak kişilerden birinin Churchill time job, which soon ended.
olduğuna inanan birçok İngiliz, onun B) When she started to look for work a few
savaştan sonra da liderliğini sürdüreceğini months later, she could only find a part-
düşünüyordu. time job for a short time.
B) İngilizlerin çoğu, Churchill‘in, II. Dünya C) She started to look for work again a few
Savaşı‘nda ülkeyi nihaî zafere ulaştıracak months later, but she could find only a
kişi olduğuna inanmışsa da birkaçı onun part-time job, which soon ended.
savaştan sonra görevini sürdüreceğini D) She could find only a part-time job, which
sanıyordu. lasted a few months, after which she
C) II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında pek çok İngiliz, started to look for work again.
Churchill‘in kesinlikle ülkeyi nihaî zafere E) As soon as she started to look for work
götürecek kişi olduğuna inanıyor, ancak again, she could only find a part-time job,
çok azı onun savaştan sonra devam which ended in a few months.
etmesini umuyordu.
D) II. Dünya Savaşı boyunca çoğu İngiliz, 42. Avronun uzun süre ayakta kalabilmesi,
ülkeyi kesin zafere ulaştıracak tek kişi olan Almanya, Fransa ve İtalya gibi aşağı yukarı
Churchill‘in, savaş sonrasında da görevini eşit büyüklükteki ortaklar arasında siyasi
sürdüreceğini umuyordu. birlikteliği gerektirir.
E) Churchill‘in II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında
ülkeyi mutlak zafere ulaştıracak adam A) The question whether the Euro will have
olduğuna kesinlikle inanan pek çok İngilize longterm survival depends on the
karşın sadece birkaç İngiliz onun savaş establishment of a political union among
sonrasında da devam etmesini bekliyordu. more or less equal-sized countries such
as Germany, France and Italy.
40. 2005’teki Asya tsunamisi, uluslararası B) If countries of roughly equal-size such as
yardım çabuk ve cömert olduğunda, Germany, France and Italy establish a
Birleşmiş Milletler’in son derece değerli bir political union among them, they may
koordinasyon rolü oynayabileceğini guarantee a longterm life for the Euro.
gösterdi. C) The Euro’s long-term survival requires a
political union among roughly equal-sized
A) It was the United Nations that assumed partners such as Germany, France and
the vital role of coordinator for the Italy.
distribution of international aid that poured D) The long-term survival of the Euro is
into Asia following the tsunami of 2005. possible so long as roughly equal-sized
B) With the Asian tsunami of 2005 it became countries such as Germany, France and
clear that the United Nations has an Italy are able to build a political union
important role to play in coordinating among themselves.
international aid when it is speedy and E) The long-term survival of the Euro may
generous. result from a political union founded
C) Following the Asian tsunami of 2005, the among roughly equal-sized countries such
important role of coordinating international as Germany, France and Italy.
aid which came promptly and abundantly,
fell to the United Nations.
D) The Asian tsunami of 2005 showed that
the United Nations can play an invaluable
coordinating role when the international
aid is prompt and generous.
E) The United Nations excelled in the role of
coordinator for the distribution of the
international aid that soon poured into
Asia after the 2005 tsunami.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 44. As pointed out in the passage, the system of
cevaplayınız. direct democracy ----.

Ancient Greece consisted of a number of city-states, A) fully safeguarded individual liberties while
of which Athens was one of the greatest. In the fifth it restricted the authority of the community
century B.C., all citizens native to Athens could both as a whole
vote and speak in a government assembly; but this, B) was so efficient that, with the exception of
of course did not apply to women and slaves. This Athens, every Greek city-state adopted it
system of “direct democracy” was feasible because C) would obviously be unworkable in large
Athens was a small community. Each individual communities
could be involved, gathering collectively in the public D) was short-lived as it resulted in so many
square where decisions on government matters, disagreements
such as laws and foreign affairs, were made. City E) enabled a number of Greek city-states to
administrators were expected to account for their resist the interference of Athens in their
decisions. What counted in ancient Athens was the foreign affairs
authority of the community as a whole. This took
precedent over the liberty of the individual. The
freedom of the individual to make private decisions, 45. According to the passage, every recognized
such as choosing a religion, was restricted on the Athenian male citizen ----.
grounds that the interests of society were
paramount. However, this simple form of democracy
had its drawbacks. While subsequent political A) had the right of direct involvement in
thinkers praised the concept of direct political collective decision-making
involvement, it was recognized that this would be B) attending a public assembly was expected
impractical in larger communities. Indeed, societies to speak on laws and foreign affairs
with populations of thousands or millions would C) was dissatisfied with the system of direct
never be able to manage the logistical problem of democracy as practised by a number of
direct participation. It was, therefore, natural that in city- states in Greece
modern times there emerged the idea of D) had the right to hold whatever religious
representative democracy. beliefs he chose to
E) believed that representative democracy
was more feasible than direct democracy

43. It is clearly stated in the passage that, in

ancient Athens, ----.

46. In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact

A) women enjoyed the same democratic that administrators in ancient Athens ----.
rights as men and took part in the process
of collective decision-making
B) what was to the benefit of the community A) were so powerful that no citizen dared to
counted more than the personal interests speak against them in the assembly
of the individual B) were elected by the members of the public
C) representative democracy was fully assembly
practised although it had certain C) were normally held responsible for their
drawbacks with regard to the process of decisions of government
decision-making D) did their best to reconcile the liberties of
D) everybody living in the city was required to the individual and the interests of the
take part in public assemblies and vote for community
the election of city administrators E) were biased against direct democracy and
E) the authority of city administrators was so advocated representative democracy
great that their decisions on government
matters were final

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. It is stated in the passage that, since Pluto
cevaplayınız. is so far away from Earth, ----.

Pluto, which was until recently regarded as the A) its regions and poles can best be studied
outermost and smallest planet in the solar system, through a powerful telescope
has never been visited by an exploring spacecraft. B) almost nothing is known about even its
So little is known about it that it is difficult to classify. exterior
Its distance from Earth is so great that the Hubble C) the density of the methane in its
Space Telescope cannot reveal its surface features. atmosphere cannot be measured
Appropriately named for the Roman god of the D) the Hubble Space Telescope clearly
underworld, it must be frozen, dark, and dead. Its shows how completely frozen its surface
mean distance from the Sun is 5,900 million is
kilometres. In fact, it has the most eccentric orbit in E) only some minor explorations have so far
the solar system, bringing it at times closer to the been made by means of a spacecraft
Sun than Neptune. Furthermore, there is evidence
that Pluto has an atmosphere, containing methane,
and a polar ice cap that increases and decreases in 50. As is stated in the passage, from the data
size with Pluto’s seasons. It is not known to have provided by the Hubble Space Telescope
water. The Hubble Space Telescope’s faint-object about Pluto ----.
camera revealed light and dark regions on Pluto,
indicating an ice cap at the north pole. It is not
known if there is an ice cap at Pluto’s south pole. A) some scientists have suggested that its
exploration ought to be started soon
B) one can conclude that it has a climate
which is stable and temperate
47. According to the passage, Pluto’s orbit C) it has a dull surface with absolutely no
around the Sun ----. variety
D) it is understood that there is an ice cap on
its north pole
A) takes so long that each of its seasons has
E) one becomes aware of the fact that every
a long period
planet in the solar system has a similar
B) has not yet been described accurately
cycle of seasons
C) brings it, on occasion, closer than
Neptune to the Sun
D) follows a pattern which is uniform and
stable
E) has been studied again and again through
the Hubble Space Telescope

48. As is pointed out in the passage, Pluto ----.

A) is on the outer edge of the solar system

B) has extensive ice caps at both its poles
C) was a major god in antiquity, worshipped
by the Romans as well as by other
peoples
D) and Neptune seem to have similar orbits
that bring them closer to the Sun
E) looks so dark that nothing whatsoever can
be observed on it

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. As we understand from the passage, with
cevaplayınız. the phrase, “Failures are stepping stones to
success”, Edison meant that ----.

Thomas Edison began conducting experiments

A) one should forget one’s failures as soon
during his childhood. To start with, there were
as possible
hundreds of unsuccessful experiments but Edison
B) one cannot be successful every time
eventually invented and patented 2,500 items,
C) success and failure are both a matter of
including the electric lamp and phonograph. He was
chance
determined to “give laughter and light” to people,
D) there are two kinds of failure: those that
but, until he actually managed to do so, most people
lead to success and those that don’t
ridiculed him. Without losing hope, Edison
E) the knowledge and experience that one
attempted over 1,000 unsuccessful experiments in
gains from failure contributes to success
his efforts to make an electric lamp. When people
told him he was wasting his time, energy, and
54. According to the passage, when Edison was
money for nothing, Edison exclaimed, “For nothing!
working on an invention, he ----.
Every time I make an experiment, I get new results.
Failures are stepping stones to success.”
A) was keen to pass on to others the
Determined to give people electric lamps, Edison
knowledge he was accumulating
said he’d meet his goal by early 1880. In October,
B) was very secretive about what he was
1879, he created his first electric lamp, and in so
doing
doing, received much praise. People realized that
C) was not discouraged by the possibility of
Edison’s invention was not affected by rain or wind,
failure
remaining constant through bad weather. Just as he
D) avoided friends and detractors alike
had hoped, Edison provided people with light and
E) felt embarrassed by periods of no
laughter.
progress
51. As we understand from the passage, Edison
conducted many unsuccessful experimental
trials, ----.

A) most of which were very expensive and

got him into financial difficulties
B) but the list of his patental inventions is a
long one
C) most of which were related to the
phonograph
D) but the people who knew him encouraged
him to keep on trying
E) and on many occasions he felt his
experiments were pointless

52. It is clear from the passage that, once

Edison had invented the electric lamp, ----.

A) he lost interest in carrying out experiments

B) he admitted that at one point he had very
nearly given up the Project
C) he wasn’t at all interested in what people
felt about it
D) people were particularly impressed by the
fact that wind and rain had no damaging
effect on it
E) he felt discouraged because he had failed
to meet the goal he had set himself for the
completion of his invention

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 56. A point is made in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. medical advice given for the reduction of the
risk of cancer ----.

The evidence linking dietary fat with cancer is less

A) is the same as the medical advice given
conclusive than for heart disease, but it does
for the reduction of the risk of heart
suggest an association between total fat intake and
disease
some types of cancer. Dietary fat seems not to
B) does not depend on any kind of
initiate cancer development but to promote cancer
conclusive evidence and, hence, can be
once it has arisen. Some studies report a
ignored
relationship between specific cancers and saturated
C) is only partially sound, since the cancer
fat or dietary fat from animal sources, which is
studies undertaken so far have not
mostly saturated. Thus, health advice to reduce the
reached a convincing conclusion
risk of cancer parallels that given to reduce the risk
D) not only concerns the intake of saturated
of heart disease: reduce total fat intake, especially
fat but is also related to the state of the
saturated fat. The relationship between dietary fat
individual’s health
and the risk of cancer differs for various types of
E) has been challenged by some specialists
cancers. In the case of breast cancer, some studies
on the grounds that the causes of cancer
indicate little or no association between dietary fat
have not been established fully
and cancer. Others find that total energy intake is a
better predictor than the percentage of kcalories
57. As one learns from the passage, some
from fat. In the case of prostate cancer, there does
suggest that, in assessing the risk of breast
appear to be a strong association with fat. This
cancer, one should ----.
association appears to be due primarily to saturated
fat from meats; fat from milk or fish has not been
A) also pay attention to the question of
implicated in cancer risk.
whether kcalorie intake affects the risk of
heart disease
55. It is clear from the passage that, according
B) focus primarily on the type of cancer and
to some studies, saturated fat ----.
ignore the role of saturated fat
C) take into consideration total energy intake
A) and its effect on a number of diseases,
rather than the levels of kcalories from fat
including heart disease, has yet to be
D) closely study the variations observed in
further researched
the percentages of kcalories from
B) plays a primary role in the development of
saturated fat
all kinds of cancer rather than in heart
E) be concerned not only with total energy
disease
intake but also with the percentages of
C) should only be consumed moderately so
kcalories from fat
as to prevent all kinds of cancers
D) does seem to have a link with certain
58. It is suggested in the passage that every
types of cancer, of which prostate cancer
cancer ----.
is an example
E) has only recently come to be regarded, in
A) seems to develop as a result of the
the light of extensive research, as a major
harmful effects of dietary fat
cause of cancer
B) is of a different kind and cannot
necessarily be associated with dietary fat
C) can be predicted through kcalorie
percentages related to dietary fat
D) is in some way associated with heart
disease
E) is just as fatal as breast or prostate cancer

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. According to the passage, seventeenth-
cevaplayınız. century emigration from England ----.

The seventeenth century is probably the first in A) was mostly in the direction of Europe
English history in which more people emigrated than B) included as many women as men
immigrated. In the course of the century, something C) surpassed immigration to England
over one-third of a million people, mainly young D) did not include men wishing to fight in
adult males, emigrated across the Atlantic. The foreign wars
largest single group made for the West Indies; a E) to the West Indies exceeded emigration
second substantial group made for America, in there from many other European countries
particular Virginia and Catholic Maryland, and even
Puritan New England. The pattern of emigration was
a fluctuating one, but it probably reached its peak in 61. It is stated in the passage that the emigrants
the 1650s and 1660s. For most of those who from England to America in the seventeenth
emigrated, the search for employment and a better century ----.
life was almost certainly the principal cause of their
departure. For a clear minority, however, freedom
from religious persecution took precedence. A) had to choose between Virginia and New
Moreover, an increasing number were forcibly England
transported as a punishment for criminal acts. In B) were almost all in search of religious
addition to these transatlantic emigrants, an freedom
unknown number emigrated to Europe and settled C) found what they were looking for there
there. The largest group were probably the sons of D) included criminals who, as a punishment,
Catholic families making for religious houses in were being deported from the country
France and elsewhere. There were also some E) followed a very stable pattern since most
adventurers who were willing to fight in any cause if of the emigrants shared the same aims
the pay were good.

62. It is clear from the passage that those

emigrating from England in the seventeenth
59. As clearly pointed out in the passage, for a century, ----.
very large majority of people who left
England in the seventeenth century for
America and the West Indies, ----. A) were largely criminals hoping to make a
fresh start in life
B) were mostly Catholics headed for Europe
A) the main motive was to find work and and Maryland
improve their way of life C) were usually reluctant to do so
B) New England seemed to offer far better D) were not usually serious about finding
economic opportunities than any other employment
place E) included a small number who were simply
C) religious freedom was of vital importance looking for good pay and adventure
and became the main reason for
emigration
D) the real attraction was a life filled with
excitement
E) Virginia and Maryland provided better
conditions for employment than the West
Indies

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 66. Dr Clark :- Let me stress that the most
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi troublesome problem of peritoneal dialysis is
bulunuz. the risk of infection.
Student :- We can use antibiotics to clear
up the infection.
63. John :- What is meant by the saying,
Dr Clark :- ----
“April showers bring May flowers”?
Student :- So it’s inevitable that in
Mother :- Well, what do you suppose it
peritoneal dialysis, complications can occur any
could mean?
time.
John :- ----
Mother :- That’s right. So the general idea
A) Generally, peritoneal dialysis is not
is that good times follow bad ones.
performed in people who have abdominal
wall infections.
A) Sometimes it rains in May, too.
B) Yet that’s not all. Other problems are also
B) I suppose that even if the rain may give us
associated with this type of dialysis.
some trouble, the flowers that come
C) In peritoneal dialysis, a catheter is
afterward are beautiful.
inserted through a small incision in the
C) I’ve no idea. That’s why I’m asking.
abdominal wall into the peritoneal space.
D) Don’t you know what it means? Maybe my
D) Moreover, inflammation of the kidneys can
teacher knows.
also be caused by an infection.
E) Does it have to do with the weather?
E) In fact, when the kidneys fail, waste
Maybe I should research it on the Internet.
products and excess water can be
removed from the blood by haemodialysis.
64. Robert :- Have you read this about the
whale that swam up the river Thames?
67. Paul :- We won the first three matches,
Dan :- ----
but not the fourth; so we didn’t make it to the
Robert :- No, there isn’t. There’s even a
finals.
very clear photo of it as it swims past the
Harry :- ----
Houses of Parliament!
Paul :- Yes; I suppose we were
Dan :- Let me have a look at it.
unlucky. And we only lost by one point.
Harry :- Yes, that certainly was close.
A) There must be a mistake.
B) That can’t be true.
A) Remember, there have to be losers as
C) You’re joking.
well as winners.
D) There aren’t any whales in the zoo!
B) But you won three out of the four matches;
E) Surely, you don’t expect me to believe
and that’s excellent.
that!
C) Never mind. Better luck next time.
D) What did the coach think of your
65. Patient :- Dr Jameson, what are the safest
performance?
exercises for me, as a middle-aged man, to
E) Was it bad luck? I am sure you played
improve my fitness?
extremely well.
Dr Jameson :- There are several. Let
me think which would be suitable for you.
Patient :- ----
Dr Jameson :- Those would be fine.
Cycling can also beuseful.

A) It will take time to make a decision, won’t

it? I’ll call you to learn your
recommendations.
B) I would prefer walking and swimming.
Forget the rest.
C) At my age, would aerobics really be
suitable?
D) Let it be something natural:- no exercising
machines for me!
E) I have to climb three flights of stairs to get
to my home. Isn’t that enough exercise?

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 70. It has been argued that people from the Far
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. East are better educated than Westerners
and also more experienced in economic
development
68. It seems I’m expected to introduce the main
speaker at the conference, so l'd better find
A) Since education in the West is not up to
out something about his recent activities.
the standard of that in the Far East, an
equal appreciation of economic matters is
A) I need to familiarize myself with what our
not to be expected.
main speaker has been doing of late, as
B) Apparently, people in the Far East pay
apparently it's my job to introduce him at
more attention to education than do those
the conference.
in the West and have a better
B) I've been chosen to introduce our main
understanding of economic matters.
speaker at the conference which means l
C) Now that people in the Far East are better
need to find out something about him.
educated than most Westerners, their
C) I haven't managed to find out much about
ideas regarding economic matters are
our main speaker at the conference but
more sophisticated.
must do so as it's my job to introduce him.
D) The argument is that the better education
D) As I've been asked to introduce the main
received in the Far East gives people
speaker at this conference, l shall
there a better grasp of economic
obviously have to get hold of some
development than is possible in the West.
information about his academic career.
E) The point has been made that people in
E) If l am to introduce this speaker at our
the West don't get as good an education
conference, it's obviously essential that l
as do those in the Far East, and further,
have some idea of what he has been
are less accomplished in matters
doing in recent years.
concerning economic development.
71. The new range of products launched last
69. He got to the top at last because there was
Autumn is already selling well.
literally nobody standing in his path.

A) The market for the new goods has

A) It was a long, hard grind to the top, but he
improved greatly since last Autumn.
finally made it.
B) Sales of the new products that appeared
B) If there had been any serious competition,
on the market in the Autumn, are at last
it's not likely that he'd have made it to the
doing well.
top.
C) Articles on sale for the first time in the
C) As there was absolutely no one to prevent
Autumn are finally selling well.
him from doing so, he finally made it to the
D) The goods put onto the market for the first
top.
time last Autumn lave already found plenty
D) As there was no opposition, he quickly
of buyers.
rose to the top.
E) The are still few buyers for t he new range
E) Since he faced no serious competition, it
of goods that first made an appearance
was inevitable that he should get to the
last Autumn.
top.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 74. From about 1300 until about the middle of
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek the fifteenth century, disasters struck
cümleyi bulunuz. throughout western Europe with appalling
severity and dismaying persistence. ----
Then came the most terrible natural disaster
72. Turkey offers much for the naturalist, with
of all: the dreadful plague known as ―the
rich marine ecosystems, abundant birdlife,
Black Death. It reduced the total population
and elusive larger mammals. Especially the
of western Europe by at least one half and
rugged eastern provinces and also the
caused great hardships for most of the
regions with thick forests harbour a large
survivors.
variety of these mammals. ---- The tulip is
perhaps the most famous of these. The
A) Europe emerged in the later fifteenth
great diversity of plants stems not only from
century with a healthier economy.
the variety of habitats, which include arid
B) Of these disasters, famine was the most
plains as well as mountains and temperate
widespread and persistent.
woodlands, but also from Turkey‘s position
C) There was a limit to the amount of land
as a ―biological watershed at the
that could be cleared for farming.
crossroads of Europe and Asia.
D) Overcrowding made Europe‘s cities
particularly vulnerable to the plague.
A) There are huge tracts of unspoiled
E) Large-scale banking had already emerged
countryside, some of which have been set
during the thirteenth century.
aside as national parks.
B) Unfortunately, Turkish wetlands are under
75. A pregnant woman should participate in
threat from dams, drainage, pollution, and
“low impact” activities and avoid sports in
climatic change.
which she might fall or be hit by other
C) The country‘s position on the migratory
people or objects. ----.Swimming is also
flyways makes it a paradise for
ideal because it allows the body to remain
birdwatchers.
cool and move freely with the water’s
D) The country is also floristically rich, with
support.
more than 11,000 plant species recorded.
E) In winter, the country‘s lakes and wetlands
A) It also maintains the habits that help a
hold thousands of wintering wildfowl.
woman lose excess weight and get back
into shape after the birth
73. Alcohol is rich in energy (7 kcalories per
B) In general, the more weight a woman
gram), but, as in pure sugar or fat, the
gains beyond what she needs for
kcalories are empty of nutrients. ----. This
pregnancy, the more she will retain
means that the more alcohol people drink,
C) Women who begin their pregnancy at a
the less likely it is that they will eat enough
healthy weight need to gain about 30
food to obtain adequate nutrients.
pounds, which covers the growth and
development of the placenta, uterus,
A) Thus, the more calories provided by
blood, breasts and infant
alcohol, the less nutritious food is normally
D) Several of these guidelines have been
eaten
aimed at preventing dehydration
B) Alcohol in heavy doses is not efficiently
E) For example, a daily walk is always
metabolized, generating more heat than
beneficial
fat
C) Most dramatic, however, is alcohol’s effect
on the B vitamin folate
D) The combination of poor folate status and
alcohol consumption has, as a result,
been implicated in promoting colorectal
cancer
E) Generally, moderate drinkers consume
alcohol as added energy – on top of their
normal food intake

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76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 80. (I) The most commonly used illegal drug in the
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü US is marijuana. (II) Its potential for serious
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. health consequences is still debated, but few
authorities regard it as a major health risk. (III)
In fact, a recent study found no increased death
76. (I) A tragedy is the imitation in dramatic form of
rates for marijuana users, except for men who
an action that is serious and complete, with
died of AIDS.(IV) Moreover, marijuana has
incidents arousing pity and fear with which it
been used medically to treat glaucoma and to
causes a climax of such emotions. (II) The chief
prevent the vomiting and nausea associated
characters in a tragedy are noble, and the
with chemotherapy. (V) Although this study
actions they perform are noble actions. (III) The
does not determine cause and effect, it seems
plot involves a change in the hero’s fortune, in
safe to assume that marijuana did not cause
which he falls from happiness to misery. (IV)
death from AIDS, but rather that men receiving
Unlike tragedy, comedy aims at ridicule and so
a diagnosis of AIDS may have subsequently
satirizes. (V) Such misfortune is brought upon
increased their use of marijuana.
him not by his bad character but by some error
of judgement.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

77. (I) A preference for the mother’s voice or the

mother’s odour emerges very early in life. (II)
Might a preference for the mother’s face also
be present very early? (III) Several recent
studies suggest that the answer is yes. (IV)
Babies as young as 2 days old have been
shown to look more at their mother’s face than
at the face of a stranger. (V) There are, then,
clear changes in how infants respond to faces
during the first year or so of life.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) Much of the Earth’s surface is covered with

snow and ice. (II) So many creatures have had
to adapt to life in a white world. (III) In fact,
animals of the desert have light colours to help
them blend into their pale environment. (IV)
One of the most obvious adaptations is having
white fur like the polar bear.(V) Both the hunter
and the hunted require such camouflage if they
are to survive.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) He woke suddenly and completely. (II) It was

four o’clock, the hour at which his father had
always called him to get up and help with the
milking.(III) His father had been dead for thirty
years, and yet he still woke at four o’clock in the
morning.(IV) Though it was somewhat dark,
they could see each other’s faces. (V) He had
trained himself to turnover and go back to
sleep, but this morning, because it was
Christmas, he did not try to sleep.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 34 6. A sardine monitoring system was ---- in

order to prevent over-fishing.

1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere A) found out

uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. B) set up
C) put in
1. By the 14th century, the Holy Roman Empire D) taken place
was little more than a ---- federation of the E) made over
German princes who elected the Holy
Roman emperor. 7. ---- more than 70 per cent of its surface
covered ---- ocean, Earth is indeed the blue
A) negotiable planet.
B) current
C) prescriptive A) With / by
D) loose B) For / in
E) recurrent C) At / along
D) By / from
2. Microeconomics is the part of economics E) Through / over
that ---- on the behaviour of consumers,
business firms, traders, and farmers. 8. To protect whales and dolphins ---- the
coast of Hawaii, a court in California has
A) points temporarily banned the US navy from using
B) integrates powerful sonar equipment ---- a military
C) focuses exercise in the area.
D) encounters
E) oversees A) at / over
B) in / on
3. Whereas in the past, some Asian countries C) before / through
were driven ---- by ideology, today, D) off / during
economics has become their driving force. E) within / with

A) respectively 9. Psychological studies show that Belgian

B) unequally and French workers place greater
C) likely importance ---- personal independence than
D) entirely do workers ---- many other countries.
E) favourably
A) in / of
4. The river Loire runs through the heart of B) on / in
France, and this region embodies the ---- of C) about / by
the French way of life. D) to / for
E) of / within
A) essence
B) approval 10. ---- water in rivers, lakes and seas is heated
C) conscience by the sun, some of the water evaporates to
D) explanation form water vapour.
E) decision
A) Unless
5. As people mature and gain experience in a B) When
variety of situations, they learn strategies C) Until
for ---- their emotions. D) Although
E) Even if
A) sending out
B) clearing out
C) going off
D) dealing with
E) stepping down

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11. The recycling of materials ---- paper, glass 16. It ---- until the 17th century that military
and plastics is considered to be harmful for leaders began to realize that stress on
the environment, since this process needs soldiers ---- a profound influence on the
more energy and creates more pollution. success of military operations.

A) such as A) had not been / is having

B) as well as B) is not / has
C) more than C) was not / could have
D) as much as D) has not been / had
E) at least E) may not be / must have

12. Tourists gathered to admire the mushroom

clouds during nuclear tests in Nevada
between 1951 and 1963 ---- at the time there
was complete ignorance of the dangers of
radioactive fallout.

A) since
B) so as to
C) when
D) so that
E) unless

13. Many surgeons believe that a patient ----

face bears a calm expression immediately
before an operation is likely to require less
anaesthesia during the procedure.

A) what
B) which
C) whatever
D) that
E) whose

14. Epidemiology, which ---- as a science until

the19th century, is a branch of medicine that
investigates factors ---- to improved health,
or the occurrence of a disease in a
particular population.

A) could not have evolved / having

contributed
B) had not evolved / to contribute
C) has not evolved / to have contributed
D) did not evolve / contributing
E) could not evolve / to be contributing

15. Geology and biology ---- since life ----.

A) are intertwined / has begun

B) were intertwined / had begun
C) have been intertwined / began
D) would be intertwined / begins
E) could be intertwined / will begin

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Opponents of day-care for children still call for People may bruise easily because of fragile
women to return to the home, but the battle is really capillaries in the skin. Each time these small blood
over. Now the question is: Will day-care continue to vessels break, a little blood (22) ----, leaving tiny red
be (17) ---- funded and poorly regulated, or will dots in the skin and bluish-purple bruises. Women
public policy introduce a system that rightly treats seem more prone than men to bruising from a minor
children as our (18) ---- valuable national resource? injury, especially (23) ---- the thighs, buttocks, and
Today, there is a fifty per cent chance that the upper arms. Older people are especially susceptible
mother of a young child (19) ---- to the work force to bruising after bumps and falls (24) ---- they have
before (20) ----child’s first birthday. An estimated 9.5 fragile blood vessels and a thinner layer of fat under
million preschoolers have mothers (21) ---- work the skin, which normally serves as a cushion to help
outside the home. protect against injury. For most people, the
condition isn’t serious, but bruising easily (25) ---- a
17. sign that something is wrong with the blood clotting
A) highly elements, most likely the platelets. Blood tests can
B) mostly determine if (26) ---- problems exist.
C) mainly
D) unnecessarily 22.
E) inadequately A) passes by
B) comes up
18. C) runs away
A) much D) breaks off
B) more E) leaks out
C) most
D) the least 23.
E) less A) on
B) with
19. C) throughout
A) returned D) through
B) will return E) over
C) had returned
D) should return 24.
E) has returned A) unless
B) even so
20. C) because
A) her D) whereas
B) their E) so that
C) our
D) its 25.
E) hers A) has to be
B) should be
21. C) would be
A) whose D) may be
B) who E) will be
C) whom
D) of whom 26.
E) whoever A) such
B) no
C) much
D) so
E) many

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. As he grew older, ----.
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) he grew less active and less dogmatic
B) he’ll start to interfere less with the affairs of
27. Although some studies have found low
the company
carbohydrate diets to be effective, ----.
C) he’s not grown any wiser
D) he now seems determined to assert his
A) the obesity epidemic has fueled explosive
authority
growth in the weight loss industry
E) the more he plays the role of the big
B) Americans spend as much as $15 billion a
businessman
year on low-carbohydrate aids and foods
C) few doctors will have recommended low
32. ----, they operate as effective carriers and
carbohydrate diets as a healthy way to
may pass it on to other birds which are
weight loss
more susceptible.
D) others have found that they offer only short-
lived benefits
A) Though many migratory birds are immune
E) weight loss schemes have focused on
to the effects of the avian flu virus
reduced intake of carbohydrates
B) Since many residents of outlying villages
have refused to carry out the culling of their
28. ---- since it can have an overall negative
chickens to prevent the spread of avian flu
impact on a person’s life.
C) Despite the fact that the avian flu virus is
spread, primarily, by migratory birds
A) There was a feeling of inadequacy among
D) As symptoms of bird flu in humans are
the team members
similar to those of common flu
B) AIDS may cause depression indirectly
E) If the spread of the avian flu virus through
C) He began to feel the work was too stressful
populations of wild birds remains unchecked
D) She put off going to a doctor about the lump
E) Some people are more ambitious than
33. Our eyes can detect photons, the smallest
others
quantum unit of an electromagnetic wave, ---
-.
29. ---- when countered by antistress measures
such as exercising, enjoying time with
A) whose frequencies lie in the narrow visible
friends and cultivating a hobby.
range
B) in which the human retina has more “pixels”
A) The ladder of success is a hard one
than a consumer digital camera
B) There must be a balance between tension
C) that it increases our knowledge of the
and relaxation
structure of atoms
C) Workloads seem lighter
D) because scientists have lacked a detector
D) Relaxation techniques are easy to learn
able to see an individual photon
E) Stress can be understood in a variety of
E) if a revolution in photon detection is now
ways
under way
30. If there is too much mineral accumulation in
34. In the Pacific Ocean, the analogue of the
the compost, ----.
Gulf Stream Current in the Atlantic is the
Kuroshio Current, ----.
A) roots get burnt and plants die
B) some plants need less fertilizer than others
A) which flows north along the coast of Asia to
C) the flowering season was greatly reduced
the east coast of Japan
D) most plants grow far more quickly in wet
B) as it flows northeast across the Atlantic from
areas
its source in the Gulf of Mexico
E) the growing conditions also need to be
C) so the Gulf Stream Current indeed
considered
contributes toEurope’s warmth
D) where it transports no heat to locations on
the eastern side of the Pacific
E) but ocean currents do little to warm the
region

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35. Cholesterol is notorious as a possible factor 38. Trabzon's Ayasofya Church, which serves
in heart disease, ----. as a museum today, was constructed in the
time of Manuel Comnenos I (1238-1263), one
A) so that the body regulates lipoprotein levels of the kings of the Trabzon Empire.
in several ways
B) because each type of lipoprotein serves a A) Günümüzde müze olarak varlığını
different purpose sürdüren Trabzon Ayasofya Kilisesini inşa
C) but about one in 500 babies inherits a ettiren, Trabzon İmparatorluğu
disease called hypercholesterolemia krallarından 1. Manuel Comnenos' tur
D) although it circulates in the blood, mainly in (1238-1263).
particles called low-density lipoproteins B) Trabzon İmparatorluğu krallarından 1.
E) yet it is essential for the functioning of all Manuel Comnenos (1238-1263)
our cells tarafından inşa ettirilen Trabzon Ayasofya
Kilisesi bugün varlığını müze olarak
36. People of all sizes eagerly try the best diet sürdürmektedir.
ever on the market, ----. C) Trabzon Ayasofya Kilisesi, Trabzon
İmparatorluğu krallarından 1. Manuel
A) in case they cannot afford to consult a Comnenos (1238-1263) zamanında inşa
physician edilmiştir ve günümüzde müzeye
B) hoping that this one will really work dönüştürülmüştür.
C) as some diets do not offer a safe and D) Günümüzde müze olarak hizmet veren
effective plan for weight loss Trabzon Ayasofya Kilisesi, Trabzon
D) in which they often offer distorted bits of İmparatorluğu krallarından 1. Manuel
legitimate research Comnenos (1238-1263) zamanında inşa
E) so that they do not have to conduct credible edilmiştir.
research on the benefits or dangers of their E) Trabzon imparatorluğu kralı 1. Manuel
diet Comnenos (1238-1263) zamanında inşa
edilmiş olan Trabzon Ayasofya Kilisesi
37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye günümüzde müze olarak hizmet
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe vermektedir.
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz. 39. The game of golf, which is thought to have
originated in the 15th century, has today
37. Before privatization, Russia’s oil and steel become popular all over the world mostly as
companies were thoroughly criminalized, a means of socializing and prestige.
and output fell day by day.
A) 15. yüzyılda oynanmaya başlandığı
A) Özelleştirme öncesi, Rusya’da yasadışı düşünülen golf oyunu, özellikle
işlere bulaşan petrol ve çelik şirketleri sosyalleşme ve prestij sağladığı için
üretimin her gün biraz daha düşmesine yol bugün dünyanın her tarafında
açtı. tanınmaktadır.
B) Özelleştirmeden önce, Rus petrol ve çelik B) 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıkmış olduğu
şirketlerinin tümünde pek çok kanunsuzluk düşünülen golf oyunu, çoğu kez
vardı ve günlük üretimleri giderek sosyalleşme ve prestij aracı olarak bugün
düşüyordu. bütün dünyada yaygınlık kazanmıştır.
C) Özelleştirmeden önce, Rusya’nın petrol ve C) Bugün tüm dünyada, tamamen
çelik şirketleri tamamen yasadışı işlere sosyalleşme ve prestij için oynanan golf
giriştiler ve üretim günden güne düştü. oyununun, 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıktığı
D) Rusya’nın petrol ve çelik şirketleri, düşünülmektedir.
özelleştirme öncesi üretimlerini düşürmüş D) Golf oyununun, 15. yüzyılda başladığı ve
ve pek çok yasadışı uygulamalarda bugün tüm dünyada genellikle
bulunmuştu. sosyalleşmek ve prestij kazanmak için
E) Rus petrol ve çelik şirketlerinde oynandığı düşünülmektedir.
özelleştirmeden önce üretim giderek E) Öncelikle sosyalleşmek ve prestij elde
düşüyor ve pek çok kanunsuzluk oluyordu. etmek için dünyanın her yerinde oynanan
golf oyununun, 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıktığı
zannedilmektedir.

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40. Birçoğu dünya gelir skalasının sonunda olsa 42. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nu XVI. yüzyılın
da, Afrika ülkeleri son zamanlarda bazı ortasında ihtişamının en yüksek noktasına
gelişmiş ülkelerden daha fazla büyüdüler. ulaştıran Kanuni Sultan Süleyman,
Türkiye'de yaygın bir şekilde kutsal bir kişi
A) Even if some of them are at the bottom of olarak kabul edilmektedir.
the world income scale, African countries
have lately grown as much as developed A) Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent took the
countries. Ottoman Empire to the highest point of its
B) Although most are at the bottom of the glory in the mid-16th century, for which he
world income scale, African countries was once widely regarded as sacred in
have recently grown more than some Turkey.
developed countries. B) Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, who had
C) African countries are currently growing once been widely regarded as a sacred
faster than some developed countries person in Turkey, took the Ottoman
although they are at the bottom of the Empire to the highest point of its glory in
world income scale. the mid-16th century.
D) African countries have surpassed C) The Ottoman Empire's Sultan Suleiman
developed countries in terms of growth the Magnificent is regarded as a sacred
rate even though they are at the bottom of person in Turkey as he had raised the
the world income scale. empire to its highest point in mid-16th
E) Nowadays, developed countries are century.
puzzled by the growth of African countries D) Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent of the
although they rank at the bottom of the Ottoman Empire became widely sacred in
world income scale. Turkey after he took the empire to the
highest point of its glory in themid-16th
41. Kitle iletişim araçları, sadece haber sunmak century.
ve eğlence sağlamaktan ziyade toplumları E) Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, who
aydınlatmalı ve onların hem bireysel hem de took the Ottoman Empire to the highest
kültürel özelliklerini şekillendirmelidir. point of its glory in the mid-16th century, is
widely regarded as a sacred person in
A) The media of mass communication should Turkey.
do far more than reporting and
entertaining by enlightening the societies
and defining both their cultural and
individual properties at the same time.
B) Societies are constantly provided with
news and entertainment as well as being
shaped in terms of both individual and
cultural properties by the media of mass
communication.
C) The media of mass communication should
illuminate societies and shape both their
individual and cultural properties rather
than just report news and provide
entertainment.
D) The principal function of the media of
mass communication should be to
illuminate societies and reform especially
their individual and cultural properties
together with reporting news and
presenting entertainment.
E) The media of mass communication should
not only inform and shape societies based
on their individual and cultural properties
but also report news and entertain them.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. It is clear from the passage that, so long as
cevaplayınız. a population lives in a constant
environment, ----.

A population is a group of individual organisms of

the same kind that are limited to some particular A) the growth, development, and self-
space. The most familiar example is the human maintenance of its members can be fully
population, but there are also populations of animals controlled
and plants everywhere on Earth. In fact, scientists B) its size remains more or less stable
regard a population as a biological unit that has both C) it usually undergoes a rapid structural
structure and function. The parts of a population are change, which considerably affects its size
its individual members. The functions of a D) the replacement of its members is
population are similar to those of other biological relatively slow, compared with other
units: growth, development, and self-maintenance in populations in different environments
a changing environment. Individuals enter a E) its survival becomes difficult owing to the
population by birth and by moving in, that is, by uncontrollable increase in its size
immigration. Individuals leave a population by death
and by moving out, that is, by emigration. If the
environment of a population remains the same, loss 46. As it is indicated in the passage, if the
and replacement of members are in balance. The addition of new members to a population
population will be able to survive in that particular exceeds loss, ----.
environment. If the environment changes, however,
loss or addition of members increases or decreases
the size of the population. A) this can have a restrictive effect on
emigrations from the population
B) this has no effect whatsoever on the
environment in which the population lives
43. It is pointed out in the passage that the C) the survival of the population can be
changes that occur in the environment of a maintained in a balanced way
population ----. D) the size of the population shows a growing
pattern
A) have an impact, negative or positive, on E) new measures must be introduced to
the members of that population prevent environmental changes
B) speed up the process of replacement of
the members of the population
C) always contribute greatly to the survival of
all the members of that population
D) are mostly caused by the uncontrollable
size of that population
E) can be reduced through an increase in the
size of the population

44. According to the passage, what is called a

“population” in biology ----.

A) can be defined as any group of organisms

that is not subject to loss and replacement
B) is a biological unit that has only the
function of growth
C) is a group of animals and plants that can
survive all kinds of environmental changes
D) solely refers to any human group that lives
in a specific region on Earth
E) is a unit that consists of the same kind of
individual organisms living in a particular
area

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. The author uses the example of the Tibetan
cevaplayınız. prayer-wheel to ----.

A) show that all religions are fundamentally

In many primitive communities there is a taboo on
alike
mentioning a man’s name except in certain special
B) demonstrate how unrealistic primitive
circumstances, because his name is believed to
peoples are
contain within it something of himself, which would
C) illustrate just how powerful words are felt
be lost and wasted if his name were uttered without
to be in primitive societies
first taking special precautions. This belief about
D) show how inventive primitive peoples are
words is widespread. Among the more primitive and
E) show how unique the natives of Tibet are
the uneducated, it is universal. A remarkably matter-
offact practical application of it occurs even in the
50. It is clear from the passage that, among
present day in the Tibetan prayer-wheel. If, thinks
primitive societies, it is generally believed
the Tibetan peasant, a prayer uttered once does
that a man’s name ----.
some good, then the same prayer uttered many
times will do more good. Therefore, since he
A) should be constantly repeated
assumes that the efficacy lies in the prayer as an
B) has a wholesome effect upon his life
entity in itself, he writes it round the rim of a wheel,
C) will bring calamity to those who use it
and then frugally employs the water of a mountain
D) should only be spoken under appropriate
stream to turn it all day long, instead of wastefully
circumstances
employing his own lungs and lips to say it again and
E) is of little importance as it is so rarely used
again.

47. In this passage, the author points out that ---

-.

A) most societies in the world today are still

very primitive
B) in primitive societies, words are often felt
to embody the idea they Express
C) the unsophisticated are no less intelligent
than the sophisticated
D) Tibetan peasants should not be regarded
as primitive
E) the Tibetan peasant does not really
believe that the prayer-wheel can do any
good

48. As we understand from the passage, an

underlying belief behind the Tibetan prayer-
wheel is that ----.

A) for a prayer to be answered, it must be

repeated many times
B) man can achieve nothing without the help
of stronger powers
C) man is powerless against the forces of evil
D) human effort can achieve almost anything
E) the forces of nature must never be
opposed

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. One understands from the passage that
cevaplayınız. oxygen ----.

A) in the extracellular fluid always increases

Because oxygen is one of the major substances
when there is a chemical reaction
required for chemical reactions in the cells, it is
B) in the tissues has to be reduced in order
fortunate that the body has a special control
to prevent over-concentration
mechanism to maintain an almost exact and
C) and haemoglobin in the body do not
constant oxygen concentration in the extracellular
always have a constructive relationship
fluid. This mechanism depends principally on the
D) is a substance that sometimes plays an
chemical characteristic of haemoglobin, which is
adverse role in the body’s chemical
present in all red blood cells. Haemoglobin
reactions
combines with oxygen as blood passes through the
E) is necessary for the chemical reactions
lungs. Then, as the blood passes through the tissue
that take place in the cells
capillaries, haemoglobin, because of its own strong
chemical affinity for oxygen, does not release
54. It is explained in the passage that, when the
oxygen into the tissue fluid if too much oxygen is
level of oxygen in the tissue fluid decreases,
already there. If the oxygen concentration is too low,
----.
however, sufficient amounts are released to re-
establish adequate tissue oxygen concentration.
A) a long time is required to get it back to
Thus, the regulation of oxygen concentration in the
normal
tissues depends principally on the chemical
B) the activity of the red blood cells increases
characteristics of haemoglobin itself.
immediately to carry more oxygen to the
cells
51. The passage describes ----.
C) haemoglobin lets out enough oxygen to
bring it back to normal
A) the structural and chemical characteristics
D) the amount of oxygen provided through
of the cells in the human body
the lungs increases in a remarkable way
B) the process of the maintenance of an
E) this has an adverse effect on the chemical
adequate level of oxygen in body tissues
efficiency of haemoglobin
by haemoglobin
C) the chemical reactions which take place in
all the cells throughout the body
D) the vital importance of the lungs in
providing oxygen for the red blood cells
E) why oxygen plays a basic role in the
chemical reactions of the cells

52. It is stressed in the passage that

haemoglobin ----.

A) is responsible for an exact and constant

maintenance of oxygen in the tissues
B) is a special mechanism whereby the level
of the extracellular fluid in the body is
regulated
C) has a chemical characteristic which helps
the blood pass through the tissue
capillaries
D) continually releases small amounts of
oxygen into the tissue fluid in the body
E) circulates through the blood only when the
oxygen concentration in the tissue fluid
becomes too low

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 56. It is stated in the passage that the idea of
cevaplayınız. individual freedom, ----.

A) widely popular among factory owners, led

The most important idea of the nineteenth century in
to a serious decline in trade and industry
Britain was that everyone had the right to personal
in nineteenth-century Britain
freedom, and this became the basis of capitalism.
B) first put forward by Adam Smith in the
This idea, which had originated with Adam Smith in
eighteenth century, led to the rise of a
the eighteenth century, spread widely due to the
capitalist economy in Britain
popularity of his book The Wealth of Nations. After
C) supported by capitalist economists, in fact
Adam Smith, several capitalist economists argued
had nothing to do with the development of
that the government should not interfere in trade
the capitalist economy in Britain
and industry at all. Fewer laws, they claimed, meant
D) which formed the essence of Britain’s
more freedom, and freedom for individuals would
government policies, had been originally
lead to happiness for the greatest number of people.
attacked by Adam Smith
These ideas were eagerly accepted by the growing
E) which was confined to economic activities,
middle class. However, it soon became very clear
had much influence on the government’s
that the freedom of factory owners to do as they
economic policies in Britain in the
pleased had led to slavery and misery for the poor,
eighteenth century
not to happiness or freedom. By 1820, more and
more people had begun to accept the idea that the
government must interfere to protect the poor and 57. According to the passage, following in the
the weak. The result was a number of laws to footsteps of Adam Smith, a number of
improve working conditions. For instance, one of the capitalist economists in Britain ----.
laws, which went into effect in 1833, limited the
number of hours that women and children were A) were much upset about the practices of
allowed to work. factory owners and, therefore, made
proposals to the government to stop child
labour
55. As pointed out in the passage, in the early B) believed that more laws were needed to
decades of the nineteenth century in Britain encourage commercial and industrial
----. activities throughout the country
C) were so concerned with the happiness of
A) a growing number of people shared the the majority in society that they provided
view that the poor had to be protected employment even for women and children
against capitalist abuse D) did their best to improve the economy of
B) the English middle class strongly the country and fully supported the
supported the government’s proposals for government’s economic policies
the improvement of life for the poor E) maintained that commercial and industrial
C) most factory owners introduced a wide activities were to be completely free from
range of measures to improve the working any government interference
conditions of women and children
D) the government adopted a new policy
58. Though it was still widely believed in
which ultimately led to the abolition of
nineteenth- century Britain that laws limit
slavery in the country
freedom, ----.
E) the government strongly held the view that
new legislative steps had to be taken to
A) the government in Britain did not hold with
increase the effectiveness of capitalism in
this belief
the country
B) factory owners felt that they needed the
protection of laws
C) laws to improve working conditions in the
factories were eventually introduced
D) Adam Smith did not share this view
E) the book, The Wealth of Nations,
discredited this theory

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. According to the passage, Herodotus
cevaplayınız. speculated that the Libyan desert, ----.

Fossils are the remains of organisms which have A) which was rich in the remains of various
endured for fantastic periods of time. Fossils can be organisms, had been the original home of
bones or teeth or even plant or animal imprints prehistoric man
preserved in rock since prehistoric times. The B) which was vast and dry, had been flooded
appearance of fossils in rock has been a source of on several occasions in the past by the
wonder and fascination to man for centuries. The Mediterranean Sea
fossil of an ancient sea animal was even found C) through which he often travelled, had in
among the possessions of a prehistoric man. Many the past made up a major part of the
people have tried to explain fossils. Aristotle Mediterranean Sea
believed they were the remains of living creatures, D) where he saw fossil seashells, had once
but thought the creatures grew in the rocks. Some been covered by the Mediterranean Sea
people believed that fossils were placed in rocks by E) where there were plant and animal
evil spirits. Other explanations were remarkably imprints in rocks, had no connection
modern. For example, Herodotus, an ancient Greek whatsoever with the Mediterranean Sea
historian, observed fossil seashells in the Libyan
desert in 450 B.C. and guessed that the
Mediterranean Sea had once reached much farther 62. It is pointed out in the passage that ----.
south than it does today.

A) Aristotle was particularly interested in the

fossils found in rocks
59. It is clear from the passage that ----. B) there are many different kinds of fossils
C) the earliest kinds of fossils were those of
sea plants and seashells
A) throughout history, there have been many
D) Herodotus and Aristotle were the earliest
different views and explanations as
pioneers of fossil studies
regards the nature and cause of fossils
E) the very first discovery of fossils was in
B) it is only in modern times that there has
the Libyan desert
been any serious interest in fossils
C) human interest in fossils has only been
aroused through the fascinating
explanations and discoveries made by
modern science
D) Herodotus travelled extensively in the
Mediterranean world and was particularly
attracted by the geography of Libya
E) the study of fossils by modern scientists
has mostly focused on the preserved
imprints of plants and animals in rocks

60. It is clear from the passage that fossils ----.

A) greatly fascinated prehistoric peoples,

who revered them as sacred
B) are always found in rocks as bones or
teeth
C) date back to very early prehistoric times
D) were not as serious a concern for Aristotle
as they were for others
E) were regarded by prehistoric man as evil
spirits preserved in rocks

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 66. Teacher :- As you know, many of the
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi animals that existed in the past have become
bulunuz. extinct; that is, they have disappeared from the
face of the earth, mostly as a result of human
activities.
63. Jill :- You know what they say:- “If
Student :- Is it only human activities that
you want something done quickly, ask a busy
have caused the extinction of animals?
person to do it.”
Teacher :- ----
Mary :- ----
Student :- I think dinosaurs could be an
Jill :- Oh, but it is! Busy people are
example of such extinct species. I read in a
used to doing things quickly.
science magazine that they became extinct
Mary :- Yes, I suppose you’re right.
when a huge meteor hit the earth, millions of
years before humans existed.
A) I can’t understand the logic of that.
B) What an odd idea!
A) No. There are other causes that have
C) I find that hard to believe.
resulted in extinction. Can you think of any
D) That doesn’t sound very sensible to me.
examples?
E) Surely one should ask someone who has
B) What we do to our planet is more than
plenty of free time.
enough to cause extinction.
C) Mostly, yes. Just think of the dinosaurs,
64. Pat :- Mary’s very excited about
which became extinct some 65 million
something; do you know what?
years ago.
Beth :- Yes; she’s won a high school
D) Of course. Natural events have never
competition for a science project.
caused the extinction of any species other
Pat :- ----
than the dinosaurs.
Beth :- Yes, so am I.
E) Indeed, the human contribution to natural
disasters cannot be ignored, as in the
A) Then no wonder she has been so excited!
case of dinosaurs.
B) What a surprise! I didn’t know she was
that good!
67. Carl :- When does your bus leave?
C) Has she really? I’m so pleased for her.
Brian :- At 8.30.So we’ve got a couple of
D) I like Mary; she works hard and she plays
hours.
hard.
Carl :- ----
E) Let’s go and congratulate her.
Brian :- That’s just what I was going to
suggest.
65. Peter :- Are you going to join one of the
further training schemes the bank is offering?
A) Fine. Then let’s go and get something to
James :- ----
eat.
Peter :- Yes; you really ought to. But at
B) Are you hungry by any chance?
least explain the situation to the manager.
C) We can’t do much in two hours.
James :- Good idea. I’ll do that.
D) Where’s your luggage? Do you only have
the one bag?
A) No; I’m content with things as they are.
E) It’s been good seeing you! Come again
B) No; I like to keep my evenings free.
soon!
C) I’m not sure. I’ll think it over.
D) No, I’m not. Things are difficult at home as
you know.But I know I ought to.
E) Perhaps. I’m still thinking about it. What
about you?

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 71. There has never been a better time to be a
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. virus researcher, thanks in part to
inexpensive genetic sequencing that allows
scientists to rapidly isolate disease-causing
68. It's hardly surprising that inflation has been
microorganisms.
a paramount issue in so many recent
election campaigns.
A) It is the best time for virus researchers as
they now have cheap techniques such as
A) It is interesting that it has been the issue
genetic sequencing that helps them
of inflation that has dominated all the
quickly recognize disease-causing
election campaigns recently.
microorganisms.
B) Inflation was naturally going to be a
B) Partly because of cheap genetic
dominant issue in a large number of
sequencing techniques which enable
election campaigns over recent years.
scientists to separate disease-causing
C) It was to be expected that the crucial issue
microorganisms quickly, it is now a perfect
in all the election campaigns should have
time to be a virus researcher.
been inflation.
C) Thanks to cheap genetic sequencing,
D) Understandably, the majority of election
virus researchers have never had a better
campaigns in recent times have centered
opportunity to distinguish between
round one major issue, inflation.
disease-causing microorganisms.
E) During recent years, most election
D) Inexpensive genetic sequencing, which
campaigns have undoubtedly made
makes it possible for scientists to quickly
inflation the predominant issue.
separate microorganisms into classes,
has made the lives of virus researchers
69. We might well find that we need more than
easy.
three weeks in which to complete a report of
E) Due to innovative genetic sequencing,
this kind.
virus researchers are now having a great
time partly because they can easily
A) It shouldn't take us more than three weeks
distinguish disease-causing
to finish a report like this one.
microorganisms.
B) We might as well try to get this report
finished within three weeks.
C) I don't imagine we can get through this
report in three weeks, but we can try.
D) A report of this kind has never been drawn
up in under three weeks.
E) It's quite likely that three weeks won't be
sufficient for us to finalize such a report.

70. The last time I talked to him, he told me that

the business was doing well; but apparently
that's not the case now!

A) When we last met, the business was

doing well or so he said; but I fear that is
hardly the case any longer.
B) The account he gave of the business the
last time we spoke, was a favourable one,
but now I'm not too sure,
C) The last time we met he assured me that
all was going well with the business, but I
don't know what's happening now.
D) When we last spoke he seemed confident
that the business was picking up, but
obviously it's not doing so now!
E) When we last spoke together, he said the
business was doing fine; but now, it
seems,' things are rather different.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. Youth culture in America in the 1950s and
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek 1960s owed much to the hybrid musical
cümleyi bulunuz. style known as ―rock and roll. During the
1930s and 1940s, the synthesis of music
produced by whites and African Americans
72. ---- Like the French Revolution, they brought
in the American South found its way into
down not only a regime, but an empire. Like
northern cities. Indeed, from the 1950s
the French Revolution, they gave way to
onwards, black rhythm and blues musicians
violence. And again like the French
and white Southern performers found much
Revolution, they had sweeping international
wider audiences through the use of new
consequences. These revolutions and the
technology, such as electric guitars, better
fall of the Soviet Union marked the end of
equipment for studio recording, and wide-
the Cold War, which had structured
band radio stations in large cities. The blend
international politics and shaped the
of styles and sounds and the cultural daring
everyday lives of millions of people since
of white teenagers came to create rock and
the end of World War II.
roll. ----

A) The Iron Curtain had established one of

A) This new music was exciting, sometimes
the most rigid borders in European history.
aggressive, but full of energy and with
B) The Eastern European revolutions of 1989
great appeal for young listeners.
and the subsequent collapse of the Soviet
B) Much of the new ―mass culture‖ of the
Union were a revolutionary turning point.
1960s depended on the spending habits
C) The collapse of the Soviet Union opened
and desires of the new generation.
up both Russia and its former imperial
C) The postwar desire to break with the past
dominions.
created further impetus for change in
D) In the 1970s and 1980s, the Eastern
every sense, including politics.
European nations faced serious financial
D) In the 1950s, governments rather than
difficulties.
markets determined how consumer goods
E) The Czechs staged demonstrations
would be distributed.
against Soviet domination towards the end
E) By the mid-1950s portable radios were
of 1988.
being sold in the United States and
Europe.

74. The main diagnostic signs of autism are

social isolation, lack of eye contact, poor
language capacity and absence of empathy.
----. Many people with autism, for instance,
have trouble understanding metaphors; they
also have difficulty mimicking other
people’s actions.

A) It would be premature to conclude that

damage to the cerebellum is the sole
cause of the disorder
B) Other, less well-known symptoms,
however, are also commonly evident
C) Some researchers posit that the main
abnormality in autism is a deficit in the
ability to construct “a theory of other
minds”
D) Certain brain cells are often referred to as
motor command neurons
E) Still, children with autism do have
characteristic abnormalities in the
cerebellum

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75. The low-tax, high-income countries are 77. (I) A wristwatch is a mechanical device which is
mostly English-speaking ones that share a used for telling time. (II) Its main advantage
direct, historical lineage with 19th century over other types of time-telling devices (such
Britain. ----.The high-tax, high-income states things as clocks, sundials, or hour glasses) is
are the Nordic social democracies, notably that it is small enough tobe worn on the wrist so
Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway, that one can easily know the time by looking
which have been governed by social down. (III) Wristwatches come in various
democratic parties for much or all of the shapes and sizes, but all have one thing in
post-World War II era. They combine a common: a band or strap with which they may
healthy respect for market forces with a be attached to the wrist. (IV) This band or strap
strong commitment to anti-poverty may be made of metal or leather, or sometimes
programmes. from plastic.(V) Moreover, some people still
prefer to use old-fashioned watches.
A) Unemployment rates are roughly the
same in both groups A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
B) These countries include Australia,
Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the UK 78. (I) Ships are very important to the way we
and the US live.(II) Ships carry oil that is made into gasoline
C) All of them, but especially Sweden and for our cars. (III) Though they may look very
Finland, have taken to the sweeping different from each other, all ships have the
revolution in information and same basic parts.(IV) They also bring in much
communications technology of the food we eat, the clothes we wear, and
D) One of the great challenges of sustainable the computers, furniture, and televisions we
development is to combine society’s use. (V) All around us, many of the things we
desire for economic prosperity and social see travelled to where we are on a ship.
security
E) The US spends less than most other rich A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
countries on social services for the poor
and disabled 79. (I) There are many boat owners in Amsterdam
offering canal tours. (II) The boat traffic in the
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla Amsterdam canals is heavy and can sometimes
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü be dangerous. (III) In addition to the daytime
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. sightseeing trips, there are night cruises. (IV)
The latter often provide various refreshments,
76. (I) Like all medicines, sleep medicines have make a stop at a pub, or serve a romantic
side effects. (II) On the other hand, daytime dinner. (V) As regards the price, some of these
drowsiness can be best avoided by taking the cruises are reasonable, while others are not.
lowest dose possible. (III) The most common of
these effects are dizziness, light headedness, A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
and difficulty with coordination. (IV) Sleep
medicines can also make one sleepy during the 80. (I) In 1958, following the signing of the Treaty of
day. (V) How drowsy one feels depends upon Rome in the previous year, the European
how one’s body reacts to the medicine. Economic Community (EEC), now the
European Union (EU), was born, and Brussels
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V became its headquarters.(II) Today, the city
remains home to most of the EU’s institutions.
(III) The European Commission, the EU body
that formulates the policies, is currently based
in various buildings in the city. (IV) The city is
also one of the seats of the European
Parliament.(V) Each nation has a certain
number of votes according to their size in the
Council of Ministers.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 35 5. Our skin is one of the most wonderful germ-

proof surface layers in the world, thus very
few disease-germs can ---- its natural
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere protection as long as it remains unbroken.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) get through
1. European companies are stepping up their B) take after
investment in the Libyan gas sector, as the C) call for
Libyan government is increasingly ---- to D) back up
welcome them. E) carry on

A) tentative 6. The existing shortage of primary-care

B) essential doctors in the US leads to a shortage of
C) obvious health care that cannot be ---- with
D) similar insurance of any kind.
E) keen
A) wiped out
2. With its luxurious guest rooms, excellent B) taken over
restaurants and relaxing bar, the hotel ---- C) made up for
the ideal environment for businessmen and D) put off
tourists alike to pursue their activities in. E) kept out

A) describes 7. Ever since James R. Flynn ---- his startling

B) invites results, psychologists and educators ---- to
C) means figure out whether people really are getting
D) offers smarter.
E) changes
A) has published / had struggled
3. Cars, coal-generated electric power, and B) published / have struggled
even cement factories ---- affect the C) had published / will struggle
environment, causing many serious D) was publishing / had been struggling
problems that threaten animal and plant life. E) publishes / are struggling

A) adversely 8. The moon ---- more energy every second

B) commercially than humans ---- in the next million years.
C) conscientiously
D) privately A) releases / will use
E) adequately B) is releasing / are using
C) has released / could have used
4. When one acts beyond the ---- imposed by D) will release / have used
law upon individual conduct, the acts E) would release / had used
become wrongful.
9. ---- missing heat-shield tiles or a failed
A) affairs undercarriage door have allowed the air
B) claims frame ----?
C) trials
D) intentions A) Could / to melt
E) restrictions B) Would / melt
C) Might / to be melting
D) Can / melting
E) Will / be melting

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10. If natural selection ---- running, we ---- a lot 16. Gugul is a natural extract of the Indian
more like apes now. myrrh tree that has been valued for 2500
years ---- use ---- medicine, incense and
A) would not have favoured / had looked perfume.
B) has not favoured / will look
C) did not favour / looked A) from / to
D) had not favoured / would look B) in / through
E) does not favour / have looked C) with / for
D) for / in
11. Some people can easily recover from their E) at / within
disappointments, whereas ---- are
depressed by even minor setbacks.

A) others
B) the other
C) another
D) other
E) any

12. A brain abscess may be fatal ---- it is treated

with antibiotics.

A) but
B) whereas
C) just as
D) unless
E) in case

13. Most vitamin and mineral products are

legally classified as food supplements, ----
some, mainly herbal, are classified as
licensed medicines.

A) thus
B) so
C) but
D) so that
E) if

14. ---- you buy something, you buy it because

of the satisfaction you expect to receive
from having it and using it.

A) While
B) If only
C) Since
D) When
E) Though

15. We need to worry ---- the effects of fossil-

fuel carbon dioxide ---- the atmosphere.

A) onto / below
B) on / by
C) for / at
D) about / in
E) towards / on

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Scientists have been researching viable alternatives Wind is moving air. When air is heated, it becomes
to petroleum ever since the “energy crisis” of lighter and then rises. Cooler air from (22) ---- areas
the1970s. As a result, in recent years, the world moves in to take the place of the rising air. This air
market for wind turbines (17) ---- by an average of (23) ---- forms wind. When wind blows, it brings
40 percent annually. Last year alone, wind-power different types of weather with it. The strength of a
production worldwide (18) ---- by almost a third.(19) wind (24) ---- on how fast the heated air rises. Air
---- wind plants you build, the cheaper and more rises quickly, and nearby air rushes in to take its
powerful you can make them. Turbine makers now place. This forms strong, blustery winds. Light,
(20) ---- giant machines that once existed only in gentle breezes happen when heated air rises
theory. Today one standard turbine can (21) ---- at slowly. (25) ---- 10,000 metres high in the
least 1 megawatt of power, more than double the atmosphere, there are areas of strong winds called
amount produced 20 years ago. This is enough “jet streams, ” (26) ----help to move hot air from the
power for as many as 800 modern households. equator towards the poles, keeping the Earth at a
more even temperature.
17.
A) would have grown 22.
B) will grow A) fictitious
C) will have grown B) rough
D) has grown C) predictable
E) would grow D) obscure
E) surrounding
18.
A) decided 23.
B) remained A) movement
C) fluctuated B) shuffle
D) produced C) turnout
E) increased D) arrangement
E) settlement
19.
A) The more 24.
B) As much A) ignores
C) How much B) resists
D) As few C) depends
E) The little D) shows
E) brings
20.
A) had produced 25.
B) are producing A) On
C) would produce B) Behind
D) having produced C) Through
E) would have to produce D) About
E) To
21.
A) subtract 26.
B) allow A) which
C) provide B) where
D) repeat C) when
E) respect D) while
E) what

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. If user demand were the only driving force
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. behind innovation, ----.

A) the initial stage of stove design would seek

27. ---- but cannot be proved and is difficult to
to reduce demand
assess.
B) the cooking stove will have been designed
in a way to minimize heat transfer
A) The influence of Samuel Johnson‘s
C) the cooking stove would be one of the most
Dictionary of the English Language on the
sophisticated devices in the World
development of the language has been
D) three billion people nearly half the world's
widely assumed
population would use a stove every day
B) Samuel Johnson‘s Dictionary of the English
E) research on the development of cooking
Language played a role in propagating a
stoves will be the first priority
standard spelling among the less literate
C) Samuel Johnson was an enthusiastic reader
31. No matter which approach scientists use to
of classical and English literature from his
develop vaccines, ----.
earliest years
D) It took Samuel Johnson eight or nine years
A) some diseases respond perfectly well to
to complete work on his Dictionary of the
early treatment
English Language
B) more and more infants are being vaccinated
E) With his Dictionary of the English Language,
against measles throughout the World
Samuel Johnson provided a powerful but
C) the vaccine against yellow fever is one of
conservative model of language usage
the most effective ever produced
D) they must start by conducting basic
28. Although it was once thought of as a luxury
research on a range of experimental
food , ----.
formulas
E) vaccines are also recommended for those
A) today chocolate is consumed by everybody
who are food handlers or international
since it has become much cheaper
travellers
B) steadily rising prices have resulted in
increased chocolate production
32. ----, Pythagoras developed both scientific
C) the presence of caffeine in cocoa powder
and eccentric theories about the physical
gave chocolate a mildly stimulating action
universe.
D) the basic cause of tooth decay is the
excessive consumption of chocolate
A) Even if new inventions had replaced the
E) more people consume chocolate in the
tools that were used in prehistoric times
winter than in other seasons
B) Since he was favoured neither by the public
nor by any influential government authorities
29. As children become more self-critical, ----.
C) Despite having computed the distance
between theSun and the Moon
A) their work will deteriorate with each
D) Because Greece was threatened by an
selfcriticism
invading army
B) they would be more likely to repeat their
E) In addition to figuring out useful things
failed attempts
related to triangles
C) their understanding of the value of criticism
will suffer
D) they would have wanted to criticize others
as well
E) they become more likely to discard their
work

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33. The world is in the midst of a major shift in 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
its economic structure ----. anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
A) as companies capitalize on new bulunuz.
technologies such as the Internet, advanced
computing and telecommunications
37. While the US and the European Union have
B) when changes in economy push up
enacted legislation designed to prevent the
inequality between the super wealthy and
importation of products obtained from
the extremely poor
endangered plants and animals, this
C) after a very small number of people have
legislation has had little impact in the Third
managed to become super rich
World Countries that are home to many of
D) while the wealthy avoid taxes and often
these species.
spend extravagantly on luxury goods
E) once the taxes on the rich have been raised
A) ABD ve Avrupa Birliği, soyu tükenmekte
in order to give more to the poor
olan bitki ve hayvanlardan elde edilen
ürünlerin ithalatını önlemek için bir yasa
34. There are hundreds of mental or cognitive
tasarlanmasını ve bu türlerin çoğunun ana
ability tests available worldwide, ----.
vatanı olan Üçüncü Dünya ülkelerinde de
bu yasanın yürürlüğe girmesini
A) while aptitude tests are typically used to
sağlamıştır.
predict future performance
B) ABD ve Avrupa Birliği, soyu tükenmekte
B) therefore new applicants are assumed to be
olan bitki ve hayvanlardan elde edilen
more successful in such tests
ürünlerin ithalatını durdurmak için bir yasa
C) so people need to study very hard if they
tasarısı hazırlamış ancak bu yasa, birçok
want to get a good score
türün ana vatanı olan Üçüncü Dünya
D) though people have to be careful and make
ülkelerinde etkili olamamıştır.
sure they know their mental ability
C) ABD ve Avrupa Birliği, soyu tükenmekte
E) yet the number of people who value their
olan bitki ve hayvan türlerini korumak için
results remains very low
tasarlanan bir yasayı yürürlüğe koyarken,
bu türlerin çoğunun ana vatanı olan
35. The language game is similar to other
Üçüncü Dünya ülkelerinde tam tersine,
games in that it is structured by rules ----.
bitki ve hayvanlardan elde edilen ürünlerin
ithalatında artış görülmüştür.
A) upon which certain notions have not yet
D) ABD ve Avrupa Birliği, soyu tükenmekte
been defined clearly by linguists
olan bitki ve hayvanlardan elde edilen
B) which provide a picture of a world without
ürünlerin ithalatını önleyecek yasayı
laws
hazırlamış ancak birçok türün ana vatanı
C) so that individuals are initiated into their own
olan Üçüncü Dünya ülkelerinde bu yasayı
society and culture by their parents
yürürlüğe koyamamıştır.
D) which speakers learn simply by belonging to
E) ABD ve Avrupa Birliği, soyu tükenmekte
a particular speech community
olan bitki ve hayvanlardan elde edilen
E) and these are completely irrelevant to the
ürünlerin ithalatını önlemek için tasarlanan
actual users of the language
yasayı yürürlüğe koymasına rağmen, bu
türlerin çoğunun ana vatanı olan Üçüncü
36. The Welsh language has changed so little
Dünya ülkelerinde bu yasanın etkisi az
through the centuries ----.
olmuştur.
A) whose annual Eisteddfod celebration
honours its best poets and writers
B) that an educated Welshman can still read
the Welsh of the Middle Ages
C) as more and more English families settle in
Wales, bringing their habits with them
D) although Wales recently formed its own
national assembly
E) unless it embodies the kind, unambitious
nature of the Welsh people

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38. Couples, who repeatedly break up and then 40. Ernest Hemingway, 1900’lerin başında
make up, often find themselves caught Avrupa’da yaşamış ve seyahat etmiş
between their desire for freedom and their Amerikalıların yaşamlarını ele alan pek çok
fear of regret. kısa hikâye ve birkaç roman yazmıştır.

A) Devamlı ayrılıp barışan çiftler, bağımsız A) Ernest Hemingway wrote many short
olma isteği ile pişman olma korkusu stories and several novels that dealt with
arasında kalırlar. the lives of Americans who lived and
B) Her zaman ayrılıp barışan çiftler, travelled in Europe in the early 1900s.
genellikle kendilerini bağımsız olma B) Ernest Hemingway represented the lives
istekleri ile pişman olma korkuları of Americans who lived and travelled in
arasında bulurlar. Europe during the early 1900s in all his
C) Tekrar tekrar ayrılıp barışan çiftler, çoğu short stories and novels.
kez kendilerini bağımsız olma istekleri ile C) Many short stories and novels by Ernest
pişman olma korkuları arasında kalmış Hemingway focused on the lives of
bulurlar. Europeans who lived and travelled in
D) Bağımsız olma isteği ile pişman olma America at the beginning of the 1900s.
korkusu arasında kalan çiftler, tekrar D) Ernest Hemingway was known to produce
tekrar ayrılıp barışırlar. many short stories and novels concerning
E) Bağımsız olma isteği ile ayrılan çiftler, the lives of those who lived and travelled
genelde pişman olma korkusu ile in Europe and America during the early
barışırlar. 1900s.
E) Many short stories and several novels of
39. Speaking for 25 nations and bringing Ernest Hemingway reflected the
together their considerable voice and experiences of Europeans and Americans
influence, the European Union is a leader in who lived in the early 1900s.
global efforts to protect human rights.
41. Vücut bağışıklığı zayıf olan insanlar
A) Avrupa Birliği, 25 ulus adına genellikle kansere daha yatkındırlar ve bu
konuşmaktadır ve onların güçlü sesini ve da bağışıklık sisteminin en azından bazı
nüfuzunu birleştirerek insan haklarını kanser türlerine karşı koruyucu rol
korumaya yönelik küresel girişimlerin lideri oynadığını gösteren bir gerçektir.
durumuna gelmiştir.
B) 25 ulus adına konuşan ve onların güçlü A) Because the body's immune system plays
sesini ve nüfuzunu birleştiren Avrupa a protective role against at least some
Birliği, insan haklarını koruma amaçlı forms of cancer, people with immune
küresel çabaların bir lideridir. deficiencies are unusually susceptible to
C) İnsan haklarını korumaya yönelik küresel cancer.
girişimlerin bir lideri olan Avrupa Birliği, 25 B) People with immune deficiencies are often
ulus adına konuşmaktadır ve onların güçlü usually susceptible to cancer, and this is a
sesi ile nüfuzunu birleştirmektedir. fact suggesting that the immune system
D) 25 ulus adına konuşan Avrupa Birliği, plays a protective role against at least
onların güçlü sesini ve nüfuzunu some forms of cancer.
birleştirdiği için insan haklarını korumaya C) That the immune system plays a
yönelik küresel çabalarda lider rolü protective role against certain forms of
oynayabilmektedir. cancer is suggested by the fact that
E) Avrupa Birliği, 25 ulus adına konuşma cancer is more widespread among people
yetkisiyle onların güçlü sesini ve nüfuzunu with immune deficiencies.
birleştirerek, insan haklarını korumayı D) Since people having immune deficiencies
amaçlayan küresel çabalarda bir lider are usually extremely susceptible to
olmuştur. cancer, it is suggested that the immune
system guards the body against at least
some forms of cancer.
E) Often people with immune deficiencies are
unusually susceptible to cancer and this is
supported by the fact that the immune
system is able to protect the body against
at least some forms of cancer.

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42. Omega 3 yağ asitlerinin yararları, birçok

araştırma sonuçları ile teyit edildiğinden,
gıda sanayi, satışlarını artırmak için, omega
3 asitlerini bebek sütünden margarine kadar
her şeye koymuştur.

A) Since various studies have suggested that

omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial, the
food industry had added omega-3 acids to
everything, including baby milk and
margarine, in order to increase its sales.
B) As it has been confirmed by the results of
a number of studies that omega-3 fatty
acids are good for health, the food
industry has responded by putting omega-
3 acids in baby milk, margarine and other
foodstuffs in order to have more sales.
C) The benefits of omega-3 fatty acids have
been confirmed by a number of recent
studies, so the food industry has decided
to begin using omega- 3 acids in all kinds
of food, including baby milk and
margarine, to boost its sales.
D) Because the benefits of omega-3 fatty
acids have been confirmed by the results
of various studies, the food industry has
put omega-3 acids in everything from
baby milk to margarine so as to increase
its sales.
E) In view of the recent studies that have
shown the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids,
the food industry has begun using omega-
3 acids in all kinds of food, from baby milk
to margarine, and so its sales have gone
up.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. As is clear from the passage, NASA’s
cevaplayınız. purpose in consulting scientists is to ----.

A) make sure that its programmes for lunar

A couple of months ago NASA asked the scientific
data analysis are supported by them
community what kinds of research it should conduct
B) learn whether the moon has water
when it returns humans to the moon. In doing so,
deposited as ice under its poles
NASA wanted prioritized research objectives for the
C) find out about the kind of research which
robotic orbiters and landers that will be used
is primarily important for lunar exploration
primarily for reconnaissance purposes prior to later
D) encourage them to focus their attention on
explorations by astronauts of the lunar surface.
a full study of the Aitken basin
Recommendations made by scientists varied
E) give them the opportunity to discuss their
greatly, but they can be summarized. The top
research results about the moon
priority that scientists have recommended is the
development of programmes for lunar data analysis.
46. According to the passage, one of the
Next is the exploration of the moon’s south pole,
recommendations made by the scientific
which is called “the Aitken basin,” an impact scar
community concerns ----.
mostly on the moon’s back side. Then comes an
instrument network for probing the interior of the
A) the scientific specification of the locations
moon, and this is followed by rock sample returns,
where robots or astronauts can land
scientifically selected landing sites, and analysis of
B) the problems related to the working of the
any icy polar deposits.
robots orbiting the moon or landing on the
surface
43. From the research recommendations
C) the analysis of the rock samples that will
summarized in the passage, it becomes
be taken from the Aitken basin
clear that ----.
D) the tasks that will be performed by the
astronauts when they explore the moon’s
A) there is still a lot that has to be learned
south pole
about the moon
E) the question of how NASA can benefit
B) scientists are extensively familiar with the
from the results obtained from lunar
structure of the moon
explorations
C) the exploration of the lunar surface is not
so urgent as understanding the inner
structure of the moon
D) the scientific community does not regard
NASA’s objectives about the moon as
feasible
E) NASA is determined to make the moon a
new base for space exploration

44. One understands from the passage that

NASA ----.

A) and scientists have conflicting research

objectives about the moon
B) has already developed a multi-purpose
research programme for the moon
C) always consults the scientific community,
but seldom takes its advice into
consideration
D) is planning to send robots to the moon
before it sends astronauts
E) has been indifferent to various
recommendations made by scientists

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. It is pointed out in the passage that it has
cevaplayınız. taken the medical world several decades to
----.

Autism, from the Greek word for “self,” was first

A) decide to what extent psychotherapy can
identified as a disorder in 1943. Initially, it was
be used in the treatment of autism
thought to be a psychological disorder brought on
B) decide on which antidepressants are the
by cold or unemotional mothers, and curable by
best for the treatment of autism
intensive sessions of psychotherapy. During the
C) discover how the relationship between
1960s, specialists realized that autistics frequently
mothers and their children has an effect
had epilepsy and abnormal brain scans, which led
on autism
to the condition being recognized as a brain
D) establish clearly which methods are most
disorder by the 1970s. Autism is now known to be a
efficient to alleviate the symptoms of
hereditary neurological condition, about three times
autism
more common in boys than girls. Usually, autistics
E) understand clearly what autism is and the
lack the ability to relate normally to other people and
causes that lead to it
have an anxious desire to maintain a routine, which
evolves with age into intense interests or
49. The point is made in the passage that what
obsessions. Many autistic people deliver
an autistic person normally does ----.
monologues on topics while unaware of other
people’s comments or possible discomfort. There
A) can best be assessed through intensive
are several related, but different, forms of autism.
sessions of psychotherapy
Depending on the severity, symptoms can
B) is always tolerated, although it often draws
sometimes be alleviated with carefully controlled
other people’s attention
antidepressants, although sufferers typically find it
C) is always ignored by other people, since it
difficult to function normally in society.
does not interest them at all
D) in time develops into extreme fascinations
47. As is clear from the explanation given in the
or fixations
passage, ----.
E) is never taken into consideration in
deciding the kind of treatment to be given
A) antidepressant drugs should not be used
in order to reduce the severity of autism
50. It is stated in the passage that autism ----.
symptoms
B) autism should not be regarded as a
A) can always be successfully treated by
neurological disorder inherited from the
means of psychotherapy
family
B) is an abnormality which has not yet been
C) autism is not a single type of disorder with
researched adequately
only one level of severity
C) is far more widespread among male than
D) autism was a condition recognized by the
female children
ancient Greeks
D) usually has only one symptom, which
E) autistics can usually have a normal
reveals itself as epilepsy
relationship with other people
E) is a single kind of neurological
abnormality, which can be treated most
effectively through antidepressants

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. As one learns from the passage, despite
cevaplayınız. their current economic success, ----.

A) emerging markets are not trusted by

Developing markets, historically the domain of
companies since there is always the
hyperinflation and political manipulation, now enjoy
possibility of political manipulation
high surpluses, thanks to record commodity prices
B) developing economies are still far from
and severe fiscal discipline. Since 2001 these
overcoming hyperinflation
economies have achieved three times the average
C) governments in the developing world have
annual per-capita economic growth of their
maintained their fight against
developed counterparts and now represent a
hyperinflation
quarter of global output. Stocks in emerging markets
D) developed economies remain
are causing much excitement among investors.
unconcerned about the potential of a
However, too much excitement invites peril.
severe crisis
Emerging markets have undeniably changed in the
E) the countries in the developing world have
past decade, but lately they are looking overgrown,
traditionally suffered from hyperinflation
and even a minor crisis could send them tumbling.
And while the potential triggers for a fall have
53. It is emphasized in the passage that
changed, they are still there. As economies in the
although investors are excited by the stock
developing world get stronger, governments are
market situation in emerging markets, they
getting more assertive and meddling with both
----.
companies and neighbouring countries, increasing
political risk.
A) are always prepared for a risk of
hyperinflation which could send stock
prices tumbling
51. It is clear from the passage that, over the B) know that these markets now represent a
last few years, ----. quarter of global output
C) must be aware of the fact that these
markets can be risky since they are
A) the economies of the developed countries potentially very fragile
have had so much growth that its effects D) feel that severe fiscal discipline introduced
on emerging markets have been harmful by governments puts their investments at
B) stock prices in emerging markets have high risk
been relatively stable due to very harsh E) are very critical of governments’ meddling
fiscal measures introduced by with companies and neighbouring
governments countries
C) inflation rates in the developing world
have shown an upward trend because of 54. According to the passage, as the economic
political manipulation and poor economic strength of the developing world increases,
performance one of the drawbacks this leads to is that
D) emerging economies have performed so ----.
well that their growth has been much
higher than the growth achieved by the A) prices of commodities and stocks reach
developed world higher levels, opening the way to
E) governments of developing economies hyperinflation and political manipulation
have taken every measure in order to B) governments begin to interfere in the
avoid the kind of political crisis that may affairs of their neighbours and, hence,
trigger an economic collapse may cause political risk
C) governments get into fierce competition
with each other in order to double their
share in global output
D) investors begin to be seriously concerned
about the future of stock and commodity
prices
E) the annual per-capita growth slows down
owing to high surpluses and record
commodity prices

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 56. It is clear from the passage that the
cevaplayınız. fundamental principle of pasteurization,
especially as practised in the milk industry
today, ----.
There were many heated debates in the nineteenth
century about the relationship between chemical
A) aroused a fierce controversy among the
reactions and living organisms. Some scientists felt
French scientists of the nineteenth century
that fermentation was an activity of living things and,
B) was already known in France before the
therefore, could not take place outside of living cells.
time of Pasteur
This was proved by the work Louis Pasteur
C) was given a full scientific explanation by
undertook for the French wine industry. Indeed, in
scientists working for Napoleon III
the 1850s, the French wine industry was having
D) was discovered only after a long period of
serious trouble with wine that had spoiled. The
experimentation by French winemakers
French emperor, Napoleon III, called in Pasteur to
E) is the destruction, by heating, of the
help. Pasteur knew that the fermentation which
bacteria which cause fermentation
produced wine was caused by living yeast cells. But
now he found that certain bacteria could also carry
57. One understands from the passage that, in
out fermentation. He discovered that fermentation
the nineteenth century, ----.
by bacteria spoils wine because it produces vinegar
(acetic acid) instead of the alcohol produced by
A) a major controversy among scientists
yeast. Pasteur suggested that the winemakers heat
concerned whether living organisms
the wine for a short time to destroy the bacteria.
played any role in chemical reactions
They were horrified, but it worked. The process,
B) Napoleon III was seriously interested in
pasteurization, is still used today, especially for milk.
scientific matters and favoured Pasteur
more than any other scientist
C) French winemakers had so much trust in
55. As pointed out in the passage, the idea that Pasteur’s work on bacteria that they fully
----. followed his instructions for the process of
pasteurization
A) bacteria spoiled wine was accepted D) French scientists especially focused on
among the French scientists of the fermentation, since the wine industry was
nineteenth century, but it was Pasteur of vital importance for France
whom Napoleon III appointed to improve E) the French wine industry was remarkably
wine-making in the country advanced since it made use of various
B) bacteria in wine could best be destroyed innovations and scientific discoveries
through a prolonged process of heating
was commonplace among 58. According to the passage, Pasteur
nineteenthZcentury French winemakers discovered that ----.
C) pasteurization prevented milk from
spoiling quickly spread outside France in A) most French winemakers were far more
the nineteenth century and has never skilled at producing vinegar than wine
since been challenged by scientists B) the problem French winemakers faced
D) fermentation by bacteria spoils wine is no needed to be dealt with immediately
longer current, since various new methods C) most scientists of his time knew little about
have been developed for better wine- the variety of chemical reactions taking
making place in living organisms but they were
E) fermentation was caused by a chemical prepared to debate about them
reaction in living cells wasn’t accepted by D) what really spoiled wine was not
many scientists until well into the fermentation brought about by living yeast
nineteenth century cells but that caused by bacterial activity
E) not only the French wine industry but also
its milk industry could be greatly improved
through the use of pasteurization

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. As one finds out from the passage, it would
cevaplayınız. be wrong to maintain that ----.

A) many of the immigrants to Britain came

Following World War II, European countries largely
from India and the other colonies
gave up their colonial possessions and, by the
B) Africans arrived in Britain for the first time
1950s and 1960s, had already begun to receive
in the twentieth century
growing numbers of immigrants from their former
C) European colonial rule in Africa ended in
colonies. In many instances, these included the
the post-World War II period
descendants of the slaves in the colonies, who had
D) Britain was occupied and ruled by the
been forced to work. In this respect, Britain is a case
Romans
in point. Though in small numbers, Africans and
E) the domestic staff of the wealthy in Britain
Indians had come to Britain long before the tens of
often included Africans and Indians
thousands who came as colonial immigrants in the
1960s and thereafter. The first Africans who came
61. It is stressed in the passage that Britain ----.
to Britain were probably soldiers during the Roman
possession of that country in antiquity. In modern
A) was the only colonial power in Europe that
times, especially in the eighteenth and nineteenth
objected to the practice of slavery
centuries, African and Indian princes and scholars
B) was faced soon after World War II with an
visited Britain. Others coming to Britain were in
enormous influx of immigrants
service positions; for instance, in the eighteenth
C) had already possessed a large community
century, black African and Indian young men were
of Africans under Roman rule
fashionable as servants in the homes of the
D) began to receive huge numbers of colonial
wealthy. Africans and Indians also came to Britain
immigrants from the 1960s onwards
as sailors and traders, and port towns, such as
E) always welcomed large numbers of
London, Glasgow, Bristol, Cardiff and Liverpool,
immigrants from its colonies in Africa and
developed small black populations in the early
elsewhere
nineteenth century, some of which persisted into the
twentieth century. Relations between these
62. As stated in the passage, many of the
populations and the native white population were
immigrants that arrived in Europe after
varied, historians citing instances both of hostility
World War II ----.
and solidarity.
A) were actually fleeing from the slave labour
59. It is pointed out in the passage that the
invariably practised in the colonies
black communities living in some British
B) constituted small minorities that became
port towns in the early years of the
the target of white native hatred
nineteenth century ----.
C) were the relatives of the former colonial
slaves
A) were not always treated in a friendly way
D) were interested in service positions and,
by the white population
hence, were mostly employed as servants
B) consisted solely of sailors who came
E) were in fact the descendants of the slaves
mainly from Britain’s colonies in Africa
especially in India
C) were completely constituted by merchants
who were involved in overseas trade with
India
D) were made up of travellers from Africa and
India, who visited Britain for various
reasons
E) were essentially formed by colonial
immigrants from Africa as well as India

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 66. Robert :- I read an article about
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi alternative energy sources. According to this
bulunuz. article, wind power is the fastest-growing
source.
Sarah :- ----
63. Wendy :- Are you flying from Ankara to
Robert :- Why is that? It’s such a clean power
Istanbul?
source.
Fiona :- ----
Sarah :- Some say that wind turbines are
Wendy :- Then you will be going through the
noisy and a threat to birds and bats.
new tunnel in the Bolu Mountains.
Fiona :- That’s right. I’m looking forward to that.
A) Really? As far as I know, there is a lot of
opposition to it.
A) Let’s go by bus.
B) Some critics say the more different our
B) I suppose so. We usually do.
energy sources are, the better.
C) We may. We haven’t decided yet.
C) Most developed countries prefer wind
D) Yes. My plane leaves at 9:00.
power to other energy sources.
E) No; we’re driving there.
D) I don’t think that wind power is an
economical alternative.
64. Jane :- Do you live in the centre of
E) Scientists suggest that the use of
London?
alternative sources will increase a lot.
Mary :- No; thank goodness, in the
outskirts where it’s peaceful.
67. Sandra :- Every year millions of people
Jane :- ----
take the drugs prescribed by doctors, but in
Mary :- It’s noisy and dirty and crowded.
most cases they do not work effectively. Until
recently, doctors have had no idea about the
A) What’s wrong with the city centre?
reasons for it.
B) Isn’t it too quiet there?
Greg :- You mean, now they know?
C) What are the advantages of living there?
Sandra :- ----
D) But you don’t work there, do you?
Greg :- Yes, I think what you say
E) Isn’t travelling to and from work a
sounds reasonable.
problem?
A) Fortunately, yes. Now it is clear that the
65. Jerome :- Did you see the documentary on
problem largely lies in our genetic make-
TV about the US healthcare system?
up, that is, what works for one person
Mark :- ----
doesn’t work for another.
Jerome :- That’s right, many families have
B) More than 90 per cent of drugs work in
gone bankrupt paying for treatment for a family
about 30 per cent of the population in the
member.
world.
Mark :- Yes, and that’s not all. Some
C) Surprisingly, adverse drug effects are the
patients have even been refused treatment by
fifth leading cause of death in some
hospitals.
developed countries.
D) We should always remember that disease
A) Yes; to tell the truth, I was hoping that it
remains complex and drug development
would be more thorough.
remains difficult
B) Yes, but I didn’t have time to watch all of
E) The next time you take a drug, it may not
it.
have the effect you expect.
C) No, but I wanted to watch it. Did you?
D) Yes. It’s getting worse and worse.
E) No; I watched a film on another channel
instead. Was it very informative?

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 71. He is recovering only slowly from the
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. operation; apparently progress is being
hindered by family problems.

68. I don't believe she is particularly clever, but

A) Since family problems are upsetting him,
she has a great deal of charm and people
the recovery process after surgery will
tend to do what she wants.
naturally be rather slow.
B) He isn't recovering from the operation as
A) Though she really is not very intelligent,
fast as we had hoped since he is worrying
she has charm and people are always
about the family.
pleased to accept her leadership.
C) It seems that the process of recovery after
B) She may not be very bright, I personally
surgery is being slowed down by family
don't think she is; but she certainly has a
problems.
winning way with people so they generally
D) Obviously the recuperation period after
act in the way she wants.
surgery will be a long one as he is worried
C) Her intelligence is no more than average,
about his family.
but she makes up for this with charm, so
E) Family worries are, of course, partly
she can manipulate people easily.
responsible for his inability to recover
D) It is as much her charm as her intelligence
quickly from the operation.
that enables her to make people act in the
way she wants them to.
E) She doesn't need to be intelligent as she
has the gift of knowing-how to charm 72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
people so that they act in the way she anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
wants. cümleyi bulunuz.

69. Houses in this area are expected to go up in 72. In antiquity, Miletus was a centre for
value once the new road is finished. speculative thinking and philosophy.
Beginning in the sixth century B.C., a series
A) As the new road nears completion there is of thinkers known as ―the pre-Socratics
an increase in the demand for property in raised serious questions about the
the region. relationship between the natural world, the
B) If ever they finish the road, the price of gods, and men. The most famous of the pre-
houses in the neighborhood will be Socratics were Thales, Anaximander, and
affected. Anaximenes, who represented the so-called
C) The new bad, when it's finished could Milesian School. They seem to have been
bring house prices in the neighborhood remarkably familiar with Babylonian
down. astronomy. ---- In other words, through their
D) The new road is nearing completion and observations, they began to formulate
this is already being reflected in the price rational theories to explain the physical
of property in the area. universe.
E) When they open the new road, house
prices in the area will almost certainly rise. A) The Milesians were very active in Egypt,
where they founded many colonies which
70. The dramatic fall in share prices took even became their main trading outposts.
the experts by surprise. B) Stimulated by the cosmopolitanism of their
city, they also began to rethink their place
A) Even those in the know were unprepared in the human world.
for the rapid drop in share prices. C) Calculating and observing the movements
B) The experts themselves were worried at of the heavens, they sought physical
the sudden drop in share prices. explanations for what they saw.
C) The rapid fall in share prices came as a D) After the Persian conquest of Anatolia,
shock to all but the experts. many of the Milesian philosophers fled to
D) Even those who had been following share Sicily and southern Italy.
prices closely hadn't expected them to fall E) Miletus had long been a part of the Greek
so dramatically. world, but Babylonian influences also
E) When share prices suddenly dropped, shaped Milesian culture in important ways.
even those who knew the market well
were apprehensive.

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73. The cell theory, one of the fundamental 75. The pharmaceutical industry is particularly
unifying concepts of biology, states that all interested in new substances that could
living organisms are composed of basic mask unpleasant flavours. ----. And
units called―cells‖ and of substances chronically ill people, such as AIDS
produced by cells. Although they vary patients, who have to force down many
greatly in size and appearance, all unpleasant tablets daily, would greatly
organisms are composed of those small appreciate more agreeable formulations.
building blocks. Some of the simples life
forms, such as bacteria, are unicellular: they A) Such a quality might prove undesirable for
consist of a single cell. ---- In these complex sweets or soda
multicellular organisms, life processes B) The idea of a bitter-blocker has still to be
depend on the coordinated functions of the tested
component cells. C) Flavour-optimized drugs would be
especially valuable for treating children,
A) Although plants do not move about in the who often refuse to swallow nasty-tasting
way we associate with animals, they do syrups
move. D) Nutritionists want to know how much
B) One of the remarkable aspects of the these choices could affect the health of
growth process is that each part of the individuals
organism continues to function as it E) Widespread use could possibly undermine
grows. a natural protective function
C) Humans and many other organisms begin
life as a fertilized egg, which then grows
and develops specialized structures and
body form. 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
D) In contrast, the body of a human or an okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
animal or a tree is made of billions of cells. bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
E) Energy is required to maintain the precise
order that characterizes living systems. 76. (I) Doctors have noted a dramatic increase in
bone fractures in children and teenagers in
74. Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon were recent years.(II) Bones are rigid but not
considered by their contemporaries to be inflexible; they will bend in response to external
ornaments of the English humanities, and forces. (III) For example, if you fall forward with
many whom we now call scientists were your hands outstretched, the bones of your
called “natural philosophers” in their day. --- hands, wrists, and arms will flex to absorb the
-. According to the Oxford English shock and then return to their original
Dictionary, the earliest use of the term was shape.(IV) However, as many of us know from
in 1840. personal experience, the skeletal system has
its limits. (V) If a force is applied that exceeds a
A) Inspired by the example of the University bone’s resiliency, the result is a broken bone, or
of Berlin, other institutions of learning fracture.
were beginning to detach themselves from
theology and classics and devote A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
themselves to research
B) Sigmund Freud considered himself a 77. (I) It is very easy to notice poor-quality
“biologist of the mind” spices.(II) They tend to be small, broken, dusty-
C) Charles Darwin was a man driven to looking, and they should not be bought. (III)
explain his ideas in rational terms Also, do not buy any that have been exposed to
D) The term “scientist” was only invented in light and air. (IV) To find good-quality spices, it
the 19th century as a kind of counterpart is usually better to go to a specialist supplier
to the term “artist” rather than to a supermarket.(V) In recent
E) Human life was illuminated by being years, the number of supermarkets has
compared to a chariot pulled by two increased.
horses of different temperaments, a
flowing stream, or the task of pushing a A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
stone up a hill

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78. (I) Winters in Toronto, Canada, are white and

cold with icy sidewalks and life-threateningly
low temperatures. (II) Yet the summers are for
the most part hot and sunny. (III) These harsh
winter conditions, however, actually present no
problems.(IV) This is partly because one can
reach any part of the town by underground. (V)
And partly because there is a vast shopping
mall spread out beneath the city.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) It has been estimated that at least

100,000children testify in court cases in the US
every year.(II) This figure does not include the
much larger number of instances in which
children provide evidence outside court. (III) In
recent years, a number of researchers have
performed studies that speak directly to this
important question. (IV) The cases in which
children testify have a range of topics, but the
most frequent category among criminal trials,
accounting for about 13, 000 cases each year,
is child sexual abuse. (V) In most instances of
alleged abuse, the child witness is also the
target of the abuse.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

80. (I) To answer the question “why?” is the most

difficult task in archaeology. (II) The past 30
years have seen the re-emergence of the use
of archaeological theory.(III) Indeed, it is the
most challenging and interesting task in any
science or field of knowledge. (IV) For with this
question, we go beyond the mere appearance
of things and on to a level of analysis that
seeks in some way to understand the pattern of
events. (V) Indeed, this is the goal motivating
many researchers who take up the study of the
human past, whether through archaeology or
history.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 36 5. During the 18th century, the Ottoman

Empire lost status as well as power, as it
could not ---- the scientific developments in
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere Europe.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) get rid of
1. During the 1970s, the West African state of B) cut down on
Niger‘s economy flourished from uranium C) keep up with
production, but when uranium prices fell in D) look up to
the 1980s, its ---- period of prosperity ended. E) run away from

A) unpredictable 6. The Spanish Civil War ---- when the Spanish

B) various army in Morocco, led by General Francisco
C) brief Franco, rose up against the democratically
D) excessive elected Republican government.
E) successive
A) broke out
2. When the company’s production started to - B) fell off
---the demands of the home market, the C) came along
director began to look for an overseas D) turned on
market. E) blew up

A) exceed 7. Beijing, ---- the year 1983, had hardly any

B) replace cars, but it had more than three million
C) avoid bicycles, and people carried their children --
D) supplement -- the backs of their bicycles.
E) undermine
A) in / on
3. If the Achilles tendon, which is the thickest B) at / at
and most powerful tendon in the body, is C) by / to
cut, the use of that leg for running or D) through / in
jumping is lost ----; it can no longer perform E) of / over
these actions.
8. The 25-year period following World War II
A) permanently can be viewed ---- an era ---- which the
B) fairly nature of economics as a discipline was
C) scarcely transformed.
D) initially
E) partially A) with / on
B) at / by
4. The cells of all living organisms have the ---- C) over / for
to harvest energy from the breakdown of D) as / in
organic fuel molecules. E) by / on

A) amount 9. Perfectionism constricts people just when

B) clarity the fast-moving world requires more
C) performance flexibility, and----, it turns them into success
D) reliance slaves.
E) ability
A) consequently
B) nevertheless
C) still
D) however
E) contrarily

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10. It is generally thought that animals love us -- 15. During pregnancy, lead ingested by the
-- who or what we are. mother---- across the placenta, ---- severe
damage on the developing foetal nervous
A) so long as system.
B) no matter
C) provided that A) has moved / to have inflicted
D) because of B) moves / inflicting
E) for the sake of C) had moved / having inflicted
D) would move / to be inflicted
11. ---- the so-called swine flu turns out to be E) moved / having been inflicted
less frightening than first feared, it is only a
matter of time before a deadlier one comes 16. Of every 10, 000 children born in the US,
along. almost 7 ---- from health problems because
their mothers ---- alcohol during pregnancy.
A) Unless
B) Even if A) suffered / have consumed
C) Whether B) were suffering / consume
D) While C) had suffered / were consuming
E) When D) will have suffered / will consume
E) suffer / consumed
12. A mixture is a material ---- can be separated
by physical means into two or more
substances.

A) whereas
B) whereby
C) whether
D) that
E) as

13. If humans ---- at the speed of light, it ----

them about eight minutes to reach the Sun.

A) have travelled / took

B) could travel / would take
C) travel / would have taken
D) will travel / takes
E) would travel / has taken

14. With few exceptions, most totalitarian

governments ---- more liberal since 1989
when the Berlin Wall ----.

A) became / falls
B) are becoming / would fall
C) were becoming / has fallen
D) had become / was falling
E) have become / fell

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Ever since Lord Curzon, a member of Britain‘s Among the earliest events in fruit fly development
World War I cabinet, (17) ---- that the Allies ―had are those that determine which end of the egg cell
floated to victory on a sea of oil, major industrialized will become the head and which end will become
powers have sought oil security. For instance, an the tail. These events (22) ---- in the ovaries of the
imperialist surge by Japan to secure oil supplies in mother fly and involve communication between an
East Asia resulted (18) ---- the fateful attack on unfertilized egg cell and the cells next to it. One of
Pearl Harbour. The desire to control Middle East oil the first genes activated in the egg cell produces a
pushed the Soviet Union into Afghanistan, and led protein that leaves the egg cell and signals
to Saddam Hussein‘s (19) ---- of Kuwait. And in his neighbouring follicle cells. Then these follicle cells
1980 State of the Union speech, US President (23) ---- to turn on genes for other proteins, which
Jimmy Carter made clear America‘s own oil-security signal back to the egg cell. One of the egg cell’s
policy (20) ---- he described what would become responses is to localize a specific type of mRNA at
known as the Carter Doctrine: ―Any attempt by an one end of the cell. This mRNA marks the end of
outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf the egg (24) ----the fly’s head will develop, and thus
region will be regarded as an assault on the (21) ---- defines the fly’s head-to-tail axis. (25) ----, other egg
interests of the United States of America. cell genes direct the positioning (26) ---- the top-to-
bottom and side-to side axes.
17.
A) declares 22. .
B) declared A) instruct
C) has declared B) dispel
D) would have declared C) embrace
E) would declare D) identify
E) occur
18.
A) in 23. .
B) within A) will be stimulated
C) on B) stimulate
D) below C) are stimulated
E) of D) have been stimulated
E) are stimulating
19.
A) purchase 24.
B) exclusion A) who
C) invasion B) what
D) negotiation C) whom
E) illusion D) where
E) how
20.
A) in case 25.
B) although A) On the contrary
C) even if B) Similarly
D) when C) Nevertheless
E) so far as D) Despite this
E) As a result
21.
A) tedious 26.
B) irrelevant A) behind
C) redundant B) to
D) vague C) about
E) vital D) of
E) at

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. All the major cities and islands of Spain
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. have airports, ----.

A) but buses will be a faster and more

27. By 1809, Sweden‘s military power had
frequently used option between smaller
waned to such an extent ----.
towns
B) until Spain has an increasingly efficient
A) as a new constitution transferred power
transportation system
from the king to Parliament
C) even if both the road and rail networks were
B) so that it could no longer continue as a
greatly improved during the 1980s and in
great power
the run-up to the Barcelona Olympics in
C) that the country was forced to surrender
1992
part of its territory to Russia
D) so in much of rural Spain, public
D) in that nearly one million Swedes migrated,
transportation is limited and a car is the
mostly toAmerica
most practical solution for getting around
E) even though the Swedes had contributed to
E) though only a few of them cater to
Europe‘sAge of Enlightenment with
international flights
advances in science
31. One of the first questions the archaeologist
28. Psychophysiological disorders are physical
must face ---- is to decide the cause of
disorders ----.
death.

A) since doctors estimate that emotional stress

A) since the area has been explored for
plays an important role in some medical
remains
problems
B) whatever happens to bones between the
B) but research in psychophysiology has
time they are deposited and dug up
focused on such illnesses as asthma and
C) on which a great deal of work is currently
hypertension
focussed
C) which refer to relationships between specific
D) even though few scholars went further than
illnesses and characteristic attitudes
labelling animals as either wild or domestic
D) though researchers have focused on ulcers,
E) when he or she is interpreting animal
colitis and rheumatoid arthritis
remains
E) in which emotions are believed to play a
central role
32. ----, but it no longer sponsors terrorism.

29. Many of the larger companies in Somalia

A) North Korea had long wanted to reach an
have issued shares, ----.
agreement with the US
B) North Korea had, until recently, no intention
A) if the lack of a government in the country
of giving up nuclear weapons
poses a wide range of problems
C) The North Koreans and the Japanese have
B) since the local telecom offers the best and
had talks on a variety of issues
cheapest phone service in Africa
D) Two decades ago, two North Korean agents
C) although there is no stock exchange or
blew up a South Korean airliner
financial authority of any sort in the country
E) North Korea‘s regime may be brutal in all
D) but business leaders have taken steps to
sorts of ways
increase the country‘s foreign-trade capacity
E) even if foreign aid might have benefits as
well as drawbacks

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33. ---- because at these speeds they can propel 36. ----, just as his sister represented female
the car without using engine power. excellence.

A) The two-mode hybrid systems contain two A) Homer‘s epic The Iliad, in which the
electric motors surrounding two planetary Olympian gods are portrayed, refers to
gear sets Apollo as the god who sends disease with
B) At higher velocities, engine power is his arrows
required B) Apollo was one of the twelve gods of
C) The systems can deliver continuous power Olympus and, during the Trojan War, he
in the required amounts supported the Trojans against the Greeks
D) Single-mode hybrid automobile systems are C) In mythology, Apollo, who was the twin
more fuel-efficient at lower speeds brother of Artemis, known also as Diana,
E) Two-mode systems switch between modes was considered to represent masculine
without the driver realizing it physical perfection
D) Among the ancient Greeks, Apollo was
34. If the cost of health benefits for working worshipped not only as the god of poetic
people in a country rises, ----. and musical inspiration but also as the god
of the sun
A) soaring health costs are one of the big E) In antiquity, Apollo‘s temple at Delphi was
factors that have crippled the economy often visited by large crowds because it was
B) usually employers cut wages or pass on the a major centre for prophesies
costs as higher prices to customers
C) firms should, in fact, be indifferent to 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
whether they pay employees cash wages or anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
benefits cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
D) those costs have nearly doubled this bulunuz.
decade alone in many industrialized
countries 37. Many people believe that an ulcer is caused
E) the current economic difficulties have forced by stress or spicy foods, but this is not the
politicians to focus on health reform case.

35. When François Mitterrand nationalized A) Stresin veya baharatlı yiyeceklerin ülsere
France‘s banks in 1981, ----. neden olduğu çoğu insanın kanısıdır, fakat
bu hiç de doğru değildir.
A) he opposed the view that economic liberty B) Birçok insan, ülserin oluşmasında stresin
had been under attack veya baharatlı gıdaların etkili olduğuna
B) he had already decided to minimize these inansa da, gerçek durum böyle değildir
risks in a short term C) Çok sayıda insanın inancına göre, stres
C) he had tried to avoid populist gestures veya baharatlı gıdalar sıklıkla ülsere yol
D) his ultimate aim has been to regulate açmaktadır, ancak durum öyle değildir
France‘s financial system D) Pek çok insan, ülserin, stres veya
E) he did so because he thought the state baharatlı gıdalar nedeniyle oluştuğuna
would run them better inanır, ancak durum böyle değildir
E) Ülserin özellikle stresin veya baharatlı
yiyeceklerin sonucu olarak ortaya çıktığına
birçok insan inanmaktadır, ancak işin
gerçeği bu değildir

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38. Scientists tell us that 90 per cent of all 40. 1700’lerde küçük bir kasaba olarak
matter in the universe consists of hydrogen. kurulmuş olan Sao Paulo, yüksek rakım ve
verimli topraklar sayesinde gelişen kahve
A) Bilim adamlarının bize söylediğine göre, üretimi nedeniyle, hızla büyümüştür.
hidrojen içeren maddeler evrendeki tüm
maddelerin yüzde 90’ını oluşturmaktadır. A) Founded as a small town in the 1700s,
B) Bilim adamları bize, evrendeki tüm Sao Paulo grew rapidly due to the
maddelerin yüzde 90’ının hidrojen production of coffee, which developed
içerdiğini söylemektedir. thanks to the high altitude and fertile soil.
C) Hidrojenin evrendeki tüm maddelerin B) Due to the high altitude and fertile soil,
yüzde 90’ını oluşturduğu, bize bilim coffee production developed so rapidly
adamlarınca söylenen bir gerçektir. that Sao Paulo, which was a small town in
D) Bilim adamlarının bize söylediği gibi, the 1700s, became a big city.
hidrojen, evrendeki maddelerin yüzde C) Although it was only a small town in the
90’ında bulunmaktadır. 1700s, Sao Paulo grew rapidly as a result
E) Bilim adamları, hidrojenin, evrendeki tüm of the coffee production in the fertile lands
maddelerin yüzde 90’ını oluşturduğunu on the high altitude.
söylüyor. D) No matter how small a town Sao Paulo
was when it was established in the 1700s,
39. We are proud to be part of a programme that it grew rapidly simply because of the high
gives these often overlooked but extremely altitude and fertile soil which helped the
talented athletes long-overdue recognition. production of coffee to develop.
E) Sao Paulo, which was established as a
A) Son derece yetenekli olsalar da bugüne small town in the 1700s, grew rapidly
kadar ihmal edilmiş olan bu atletlere hak because of the high altitude and fertile soil
ettikleri itibar, katılmaktan bizim de kıvanç that helped the coffee production develop.
duyduğumuz bu programla
sağlanmaktadır 41. 12 milyondan fazla bilinen kimyasaldan
B) Bizim de gururla dahil olduğumuz 3.000 kadarı, çeşitli tür zehirlenmelere
program, bugüne kadar unutulmuş, ancak neden olmaktadır, ancak yüksek miktarlarda
üstün yeteneklere sahip tüm bu atletlere alınan hemen hemen her madde toksik
hak ettikleri itibarı sağlamaktadır olabilir.
C) Biz hepimiz, çoğu kez önemsenmemiş,
ancak üstün yetenekleri olan tüm bu A) Out of over 12 million known chemicals,
atletlere hak ettikleri itibarı sağlayan bir some 3,000 cause various kinds of
programda yer almaktan son derece poisonings, but almost any substance
kıvançlıyız taken in large quantities can be toxic.
D) İçinde yer almaktan son derece kıvanç B) There are more than 12 million known
duyduğumuz bu programla, bugüne kadar chemicals and about 3,000 of them can
önemsenmeyen, ancak yetenekleri en cause various poisonings, although any
üstün olan bu atletlere hak ettikleri itibar substance consumed in big amounts
sağlanmaktadır becomes toxic.
E) Biz, çoğu kez önem verilmemiş, ancak C) Since some 3,000 kinds of over 12 million
son derece yetenekli bu atletlere çoktan known chemicals are poisonous, in fact
hak ettikleri itibarı sağlayan bir programın any substance consumed in large
parçası olmaktan gurur duyuyoruz quantities can lead to various poisonings.
D) Although 3,000 of 12 million known
chemicals can be toxic, the consumption
in large amounts of any substance also
causes different types of poisonings.
E) Just as about 3,000 chemicals out of 12
million known ones have toxic properties,
also any substance, if taken in large
amounts, can cause a variety of
poisonings.

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42. Bilim insanları buz kristalleri içinde saklı

doğalgazı çıkarıp sıfır emisyonlu yakıta
dönüştürmenin yollarını arıyorlar ve bunu
başarırlarsa 'yanan buz' geleceğin yakıtı
olabilir.

A) The attempt of scientists to find ways of

making a zero-emission fuel out of the
natural gas hidden in ice crystals may
make 'burning ice' the fuel of the future.
B) If scientists are able to extract and
transform the natural gas hidden in ice
crystals into a zero-emission fuel, 'burning
ice' may become the fuel of the future.
C) When scientists succeed in turning the
natural gas in ice crystals into a zero-
emission fuel, 'burning ice' will become the
fuel of the future.
D) Scientists are trying to get zero-emission
fuel by extracting the natural gas in ice
crystals which may make 'burning ice' the
fuel of the future.
E) Scientists are looking for ways of
extracting and transforming the natural
gas hidden in ice crystals into a zero-
emission fuel, and if they succeed,
‘burning ice' may become the fuel of the
future.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. One learns from the passage that because it
cevaplayınız. takes a long time before HIV infection
reveals itself, ----.

People who believe they may be infected with HIV,

A) heterosexual men and women with HIV
as well as those who know they are, can benefit
may already have infected many other
from various psychological interventions. People
people
with high-risk behaviours may have difficulty
B) homosexuals deliberately avoid taking HIV
deciding whether to be tested for HIV, and
tests and, thus, endanger themselves
psychologists can provide both information and
C) intravenous drug users think that they are
support for these people. A significant minority of
free from any infection
homosexual and bisexual men, intravenous drug
D) this does not mean that bisexual men
users, and a larger proportion of heterosexual men
cannot be infected
and women with multiple partners and inconsistent
E) homosexuals and heterosexuals must be
users of condoms have never been tested for HIV.
tested regularly to make sure that they are
Indeed, an estimated 70% of people who are HIV-
free from HIV
positive have not been tested and thus do not know
their HIV status. Because HIV infection has a long
46. It is suggested in the passage that when
incubation period, at-risk heterosexual men and
people discover that they are HIV-positive,
women may contaminate others for years before
they ----.
they learn they have HIV. However, people learning
of an HIV- positive test result typically react with
A) adopt an indifferent attitude and continue
increased anxiety, depression, anger and distress.
to live their usual life
Therefore, trained psychotherapists are needed to
B) begin to act responsibly by refraining from
help such people cope with their diagnosis.
contaminating others
C) usually experience various negative
feelings
43. It is clearly emphasized in the passage that
D) seek help and support from
psychological help ----.
psychotherapists and apply for treatment
E) volunteer to undergo a series of tests in
A) and the clinical treatment of HIV are two
order to obtain the most effective
different procedures which are irrelevant
treatment
to each other
B) plays a minimal role in the treatment of
HIV patients
C) has not proven to be useful in the
treatment of HIV patients because they
often do not want to cooperate with
psychotherapists
D) is often ignored in HIV treatment not only
by patients but also by physicians
E) can be beneficial to patients with HIV
infection

44. As pointed out in the passage, many people

already infected with HIV ----.

A) have agreed to be tested and undergo

long periods of treatment
B) have been receiving help from
psychotherapists to overcome their
psychological problems
C) are not aware of their own situation
because they have not been tested
D) mostly include intravenous drug users and
heterosexual men with multiple partners
E) have been identified through a number of
tests they have taken

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. The writer claims that British people ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) do not share the policies adopted by other
European countries towards the United
The way in which British people view Britain’s role in
States
the world is still influenced by its past. Today Britain
B) attach great importance to relations with
is an important regional power, but in the recent
the United States
past it was a world power. Until World War II, Britain
C) think of Britain’s place in world politics
ruled the largest empire that the world has ever
today in terms of their imperial past
known. Incredible as it may seem today, during the
D) still regard the former colonies, along with
1920s, almost one-fifth of the world’s population
the United States, as their lasting and
lived under British rule. But the empire disappeared
strongest allies
rapidly during the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s as the
E) no longer think that the political legacy of
colonies that had made up the empire gained their
their empire has any significance
independence. In the aftermath of the empire,
whatsoever
British leaders were not very successful in adapting
to play a much smaller part in world affairs.
However, Britain’s allies made it clear that they no 49. The writer asserts in the passage that the
longer saw Britain as a major force in world politics. demographic and territorial size of the
The “special relationship” which was said to exist British Empire ----.
between Britain and the United States weakened as
other European countries, particularly Germany, A) remained unchanged right into the 1960s,
recovered after World War II. So, whereas London when some colonies began to gain their
had been recognized by American leaders as the independence
“capital” of Europe during the 1940s and the 1950s, B) was the cause of much hostility from
Bonn was seen as the new capital of Europe during Germany and other European countries
the 1960s. C) led American leaders into thinking that
Germany was not a major force in world
politics
47. The point is made in the passage that, D) was an indication of the fact that Britain
during the period following World War II, ----. had a large number of colonies seeking
independence
A) London and Bonn were equally regarded E) was so vast that no other empire in world
by the world as the major political centres history was ever a match for it
of Europe
B) the American attitude towards Britain was
50. In the passage, the writer ----.
still one of admiration and strong
cooperation
A) depicts a very distorted picture of Britain’s
C) the Americans followed a policy of
colonies in their struggle for independence
neutrality towards Britain and Germany
B) points to the fact that Britain is still an
D) Britain lost the empire and so ceased to
important European power
be a leading power in the world
C) explains how American political leaders
E) Britain and the United States formulated a
deliberately undermined Britain’s relations
set of new policies to strengthen their
with Germany
relationship
D) approves the political strategies
formulated by British leaders in the
aftermath of World War II
E) discusses the economic reasons for the
decline of the British empire

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. As is pointed out in the passage, the growth
cevaplayınız. of planets in the early solar system ----.

Meteorites offer glimpses of the earliest stages of A) can only be understood through a close
planetary formation. Stony-iron meterorites come in study of mesosiderites rather than
two main classes: pallasites and mesosiderites, and pallasites
it was previously thought they may have had similar B) was mainly due to the oxygen isotope
origins. A new study, however, has revealed that properties of certain meteorites
their oxygen isotope properties differ and that they C) depended on mixed core-mantle material
come from distinct places. Accordingly, the from disrupted asteroids
characteristics of mesosiderites suggest they came D) was essentially influenced by Vesta, which
from the third largest asteroid, Vesta, which is the is the third largest asteroid
target of the NASA Dawn Mission. On the other E) was closely connected with the large-
hand, pallasites are made of mixed core-mantle scale deformation of asteroids
material from a disrupted asteroid, indicating that
extensive asteroid deformation was an integral part
of planetary enlargement in the early solar system. 54. As one learns from the passage, pallasites
and mesosiderites ----.

51. According to the passage, while scientists A) have their origins in various disrupted
think they know the asteroid from which asteroids including the asteroid Vesta
mesosiderites came, ----. B) provide us full knowledge of how planets
were formed in the early solar system
C) are the two major groups of meteorites
A) its oxygen isotope properties need to be
that have a stony-iron nature
fully studied and explained
D) played a formative role in planetary
B) the original asteroid with which pallasites
enlargement in the early solar system
are associated is not named
E) have always remained a scientific
C) its characteristics are only now being
mystery, which NASA is trying to unravel
revealed in a series of new studies
D) there are conflicting views among
scientists as regards pallasites
E) the NASA Dawn Mission has not yet
established its position in the solar system

52. As one understands from the passage,

meteorites ----.

A) are scientifically useful because through

them is partially revealed the very early
development of planets
B) have been the major target of the NASA
Dawn Mission, which is primarily
concerned with planetary formation
C) are made up of the material that has come
from disrupted asteroids such as the
asteroid called Vesta
D) are known as either pallasites or
mesosiderites, both of which have the
same physical properties
E) clearly show that, in the early solar
system, every asteroid underwent a
process of structural disruption

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 56. It is emphasized in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. novel ----.

A) never loses its romantic tone, even though

Set in 1941 in Leningrad, Helen Dunmore’s novel
some of the scenes described can be very
The Siege opens with deceptively gentle scenes of
depressing and upsetting
Chekhovian melancholy. After the death of her
B) shows how Helen Dunmore differs from the
mother, 23-year-old Anna Levin, the protagonist,
Russian writer Chekhov in her detailed
gives up her artistic studies to look after her 5-
portrayal of characters
yearold brother and her politically suspect father
C) is not only a narrative of romantic scenes,
Abraham, who, as a writer, has fallen out of favour
but also the depiction of a cruel reality in
with Stalin’s cultural police. So she jumps at the
which human survival was almost
chance to make a drawing of the retired actress
impossible
Marina Petrovna, with whom Anna’s father might
D) primarily focuses on the complexity of
once have had a romantic relationship. But Anna’s
human emotions and tries to demonstrate
worries about art and romance are soon swept away
this through the depiction of a wide range
as the Germans besiege her native city. At this point,
of characters
Dunmore’s novel transforms abruptly as well, shifting
E) is embedded with a number of
from a romantic narrative into a study of survival
inconsistencies as regards style and
under most extreme hardships. Anna’s abundant
characterization, which make Dunmore’s
artistic creativity is put to use providing food and fuel
literary creativity rather superficial
for her helpless family, and her drawing skills are
called on to sketch a neighbour’s starved baby so
57. It is clear from the passage that Anna’s
that the grieving mother might remember her lost
study of art ----.
child. Indeed, the novel presents a striking contrast
between the gentle display of human emotions and
A) was supported by her father, who, as a
the rude dictates of survival under the most inhuman
political writer, often wrote against the
circumstances.
cultural policies of Stalin’s regime
B) was interrupted as, following her mother’s
55. According to the passage, Helen Dunmore’s
death, she had to take care of her family
novel The Siege is mainly the story of ----.
C) was carried out under the most favourable
circumstances, and her fame as a
A) how the children of Leningrad in particular
promising young artist soon spread
suffered extreme hardship when the
throughout Leningrad
Germans besieged the city in 1941
D) was a great achievement for her, despite
B) the famous actress Marina Petrovna, who
the fact that her artistic creativity had not
was living in retirement when the Germans
been recognized at first
besieged Leningrad in 1941
E) took so long that, in the end, she gave it
C) the strong armed resistance that the
up to join the people of Leningrad in their
people of Leningrad put up against the
defence of the city against the Germans
Germans when the city was besieged
D) how a young artist, Anna Levin, struggled
58. It is pointed out in the passage that, when
hard with her family to survive during the
the German siege of Leningrad began, ----.
German siege of Leningrad in 1941
E) the romantic relationship between the
A) Anna’s concern about her own artistic
actress Marina Petrovna and the writer
future was totally wiped out
Abraham Levin, who was a political activist
B) Anna’s father Abraham’s love affair with
Marina Petrovna came to an end
C) Anna had already become famous
because of her portrait of the actress
Marina Petrovna
D) Stalin’s cultural police arrested Abraham
because of his subversive ideas
E) the inhabitants made various
arrangements to overcome the serious
shortage of food and fuel in the city

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. It is clear from the passage that, at birth,
cevaplayınız. infants ----.

A) have a non-functioning immune system,

Immune deficiency, which in fact means an
and so rely on antibodies from their
inadequate immune response, may occur for
mother’s milk for protection against
several reasons. For example, it is a side effect of
microorganisms
most chemotherapy drugs used to treat cancer.
B) have a relatively well-developed immune
Immune deficiency also occurs naturally. Although
system and are therefore well-protected
the immune system is not functional at birth, infants
against viruses or bacteria
are protected by antibodies they have received from
C) are so exposed to viruses or bacteria that
their mother through the placenta, and infants who
the rate of mortality is usually very high
breastfeed also receive antibodies from their
D) hardly need antibodies gained from
mother’s milk. These antibodies offer protection until
breastfeeding to protect them against the
the infant’s own immune system develops during
fatal effects of disease-causing bacteria
the first months of life. In rare cases, the immune
and viruses
system fails to develop, leaving the child without
E) have a very strong immune system which
immune protection. Exposure to any virus or
enables them to cope with viruses
bacterium can be fatal to these children. Therefore,
they are sealed into sterile quarters to isolate them
62. It is clearly pointed out in the passage that,
from the microorganisms that are part of the normal
occasionally, there may be cases when ----.
world.
A) chemotherapy drugs have no effect
59. According to the passage, the development
whatsoever on the occurrence of immune
of a child’s immune system ----.
deficiency
B) there occurs a failure in the development
A) is not of vital importance since the child is
of a child’s immune system
always protected by various antibodies
C) even antibodies do not provide protection
B) begins in the placenta before birth and is
for the infant in the placenta
completed at birth
D) child mortality may not be related to
C) depends completely on the protective
children’s exposure to viruses or bacteria
nature of antibodies in the mother’s milk
E) the mother’s milk does not contain
D) is only completed a few months after birth
antibodies to protect the infant in the first
E) is closely related to the child’s physical
months of life
development and, hence, takes a very
long time

60. As one can understand from the passage,

the causes of immune deficiency ----.

A) in an infant can be understood easily, as

the development of the immune system is
yet in its early stage
B) can sometimes be traced to a
microorganism such as a virus
C) are fundamentally linked with
chemotheraphy, which is used in cancer
treatment
D) in children can be traced back to the first
months after birth
E) may vary

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Angela :- How was your visit to Crater Lake
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi National Park last summer?
bulunuz. Sharon :- It was wonderful. The lake is very
beautiful, with a clear, deep-blue colour. And I
learned something new about it:- it’s a closed
63. Eleanor :- This article is about patients in a
basin lake.
persistent vegetative state. Some of them wake
Angela :- ----
up many years later, and some of them never
Sharon :- Well, there are no permanent
do.
streams that enter or exit the lake.
Bob :- How do doctors decide whether
or not these patients should be kept on life-
A) I plan to visit the lake this summer.
support?
B) How did you learn that?
Eleanor :- ----
C) You’re very informed, aren’t you?
Bob :- I suppose so. Obviously there
D) What does that mean?
are legal and medical concerns, but I think the
E) How many visitors are allowed into the
family of the patient should have some rights in
park each year?
the matter, too.
66. Ken :- Do you know? I’m really getting very
A) Sometimes a patient’s brain works around
interested in the movement of glaciers.
the damaged part, allowing the patient to
Sherrie :- What have you learned now?
begin to function normally again.
Ken :- ----
B) One patient in a minimally conscious state
Sherrie :- That’s right; the ice moves out to the
started to speak and move about 19 years
sides because of the greater weight and
after he’d been injured.
pressure at the centre.
C) I don’t know how; but they do have to
come to a decision.
A) That when glaciers move, they don’t only
D) It is difficult for doctors to make accurate
move straight downhill.
diagnoses of unconscious patients.
B) Well, some glaciers flow into the sea, but
E) A patient shows sensory responses to
others end on land.
pain, even when the nervous system isn’t
C) Glaciers store about 75% of the world’s
connected to the centres of the brain that
freshwater.
cause it to experience it.
D) I found out that where an ice sheet flows
into the ocean and floats, it forms an ice
64. Peter :- It seems that higher sea-surface
shelf.
temperatures could give rise to ever larger and
E) Ice sheets flowing over land usually form
more frequent hurricanes.
piles of rocks and dirt at their ending
Frank :- ----
points.
Peter :- True. What do you think is going
to happen?
67. Birgül :- I have an interesting job and I’m
Frank :- Let’s just wait and see!
earning a good salary, why do I still feel so
stressed?
A) At present, it is all pure speculation. Let’s
Eda :- ----
change the subject.
Birgül :- What do you mean by that?
B) Why have you become so interested in
Eda :- I have read it in an article. It
global warming?
says that as you gain more responsibility, your
C) But which parts of the globe would be
level of stress increases.
affected?
D) Yes; I’m familiar with that theory. But there
A) Perhaps, you should talk to your boss
are opposing theories too.
instead.
E) Hurricanes will certainly increase in
B) Maybe you’re suffering from the stress of
number and severity.
having to do too much.
C) You have such a calm personality to be so
stressed.
D) Don’t you think you’re exaggerating this
time?
E) Have you considered doing yoga to
relieve your stress?

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 70. All agree that the environment has to be
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. protected, but should it really take priority
over education and public health?

68. Frankly, in my opinion the girl's musical

A) Are we all agreed that the needs of
abilities are no more than average for her
environmental protection should take
age.
priority over the claims of education and
public health?
A) Even so, if you take the girl's age into
B) Though the need for environmental
account, her musical performance was no
protection is not contested, do we really
better than that of any of the others.
regard the claims of education, and public
B) To be honest, I don't think the girl's
health as of less importance?
musical talents are anything out of the
C) It is not agreed that the claims of
ordinary considering her age.
education and public health cannot be
C) To be fair, for a girl of her age, you can
ranked below those of environmental
hardly regard her musical abilities as
protection?
impressive.
D) However pressing may be the needs of
D) Indeed she's not all that young, so I don't
environmental protection, is it not
think this girl merits so much praise for her
generally agreed that those of education
musical abilities
and public health should take priority?
E) If you think about it, there's nothing
E) The claims of education and public health
extraordinary about her musical
will come high on our list of priorities, but
performance if you remember her age.
can't we agree to put those of
environmental protection even higher?
69. Thanks partly to a dramatic decline in infant
mortality; life expectancy in the region has
71. He's rather hopeful that he'll get the
increased from 45 years to 72.
appointment since the other candidates are
at a disadvantage, which is his fluency in
A) A remarkable drop in infant mortality rates
French as none of the candidates for the
has helped to raise life expectancy in the
appointment know any.
area from 45 years to 72.
B) There has been a slight drop in infant
A) His main advantage is his fluency in
mortality in the area, resulting in an
French as none of the other candidates for
increase in life expectancy from 45 to 72.
the appointment know any.
C) However, the infant mortality rate has
B) As none of the other candidates speak
dropped surprisingly, and life expectancy
much French, it seems obvious that he'll
in the region has risen from 46 to 72.
be appointed.
D) The startling drop in the infant mortality
C) As French is the main requirement, none
rates may be reflected in the increase in
of the other candidates will even qualify.
life expectancy from 45 to 72 years.
D) The appointment will be given to
E) The increase in life expectancy from 45 to
whichever of the candidates is most fluent
72 years can be fully accounted for by the
in French.
incredible decline in infant mortality there.
E) He's fairly confident that he'll be appointed
as he's the only candidate who knows
French.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. A television rating is simply the number of
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek households tuned into a particular
cümleyi bulunuz. television program at a given point in time.
Advertisers especially rely on ratings
information to increase the effectiveness of
72. For decades, China has been content to let
television advertising. When they want a
the invisible hand of the market work its
commercial to reach an audience, they need
magic on the country‘s economy. But
to place it in TV programs that deliver a
there‘s one area where the government
great number of viewers. The more
wants to reassert state control: healthcare. -
audience a program delivers, the more the
--- Today, nearly 40 per cent of the
commercial time is worth to advertisers. ----
population can‘t afford to see a doctor. The
average hospital stay for a Chinese citizen
A) Furthermore, the ratings are calculated by
costs nearly as much as an individual‘s
gathering a sample of households that
annual per capita income in the country.
represent the total television-viewing
Healthcare grievances have been at the
population and monitoring their viewing
heart of thousands of organized protests
behaviours.
countrywide in recent years.
B) If an advertiser spends millions running
ads during a program that does not meet
A) Some hospitals have had to hire security
its expectations, it would be economically
personnel to protect medical staff from
wise to reconsider its placement in that
angry mobs.
time slot.
B) By comparison, Japanese pay just 15 per
C) For example, most TV stations broadcast
cent of their medical spending out of
news, shows or series during primetime,
pocket.
as they can achieve a higher viewership
C) So the government has recently
than other programs, and they are always
developed a strategy to provide affordable
high-rated.
medical insurance to 90 per cent of its
D) In fact, advertisements can be harmful for
population by 2010.
the younger population, who spend hours
D) In fact, the free market reforms in China
in front of the TV screen and are exposed
were first initiated in the late 1970s and
to aggressive advertising in between
early 1980s.
popular shows.
E) The Chinese government has already met
E) Although user habits are rapidly changing,
many of its economic goals and is now
television has long been considered the
beginning to address scientific and
most effective mass-market advertising
technological development.
medium and the ultimate platform for
targeted advertising.

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74. Astronomers know that nearly every large 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
galaxy contains an enormous black hole at okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
its centre. The death of stars can produce bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
small black holes, with masses ranging
from about three to 100 times the mass of
76. (I) Stephen Longstreet was a writer of novels
the Sun. However, such black holes are tiny
and detective stories. (II) There are many
compared with the giants found at the
different forms of art, such as dance, music,
centres of galaxies. ---- Why are they so
and literature. (III) He was also an
common in galaxies? Which came first, the
accomplished artist. (IV) While living in Europe
galaxy or the hole? And how did they form
in the 1920s, he became acquainted with some
in the first place?
famous artists. (V) Henri Matisse and Pablo
Picasso were among them.
A) How can we improve the study of black
holes in space?
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
B) Were black holes already in place when
the universe was very young?
77. (I) I grew up in tornado country, and because of
C) These incredibly large black holes present
that I always keep an eye on the weather. (II) I
several questions to astronomers.
do this even when I am in my office in
D) Astronomers have proposed two general
Washington. (III) If the western sky shows
ways for black holes to form.
violent movement, I watch for the dangerous
E) The first stars to take shape in the
green light I knew in my childhood.(IV) That
universe were probably extremely large.
was mostly a happy time for me. (V) It always
signalled that chaos was coming.
75. Scientists are now looking to the computer
industry for alternative ways to help
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Alzheimer’s patients. One approach is
centred on a small camera called Sense
78. (I) An engineer may choose either to work or
Cam, worn like a necklace that takes
not to work in defense-related industries and be
photographs automatically throughout the
ethically justified in either position. (II) Many
day. ----Each photograph can help patients
reasonable engineering professionals feel that,
remember those things that make up a
ethically, they cannot work on designs that will
person’s identity.
ultimately be used to kill other humans. (III)
Their remoteness from the actual killing doesn’t
A) The idea is to use the images not to
change this feeling.(IV) Everyone in his working
replace memory but to stimulate it.
life is likely to face problems that cannot be
B) Dozens of groups are now working on
solved easily. (V) Even though they won’t push
pilot tests of the device for memory
the button or may never actually see the victims
impairments
of the weapon, they still find it morally
C) A video camera may be able to slow the
unacceptable to work on such systems.
damaging effects of Alzheimer’s disease
D) Some people are sceptical about the
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
device as older people are often against
technology
79. (I) The biggest industrial project on the Kenyan
E) The studies on the device show that they
coast will be to the north in the Lamu region. (II)
have no real practical application.
At a spot now occupied by a Kenya-US naval
base, a super-port capable of handling huge
container ships is due to be built. (III) A
motorway and railway will move its goods to
Ethiopia and Uganda, and oil will flow the other
way.(IV) On arid land now inhabited by the
hunter-gatherer Boni people, a new city will
arise with 2 million people and an international
airport. (V) Kenya’s population has grown from
8 million in 1963 to 43 million today, and
incomes are rising steadily.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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80. (I) To many, plastic surgery is synonymous with

aesthetic surgery, but it encompasses
reconstructive surgery as well. (II) Plastic
surgery has its roots in the World Wars, when
battlefield surgeons developed techniques to
reconstruct wounded soldiers’ injured limbs. (III)
Reconstructive surgery is exactly what it
sounds like – surgery to reconstruct part of the
body after a traumatic injury or correct a
deformity. (IV) On the other hand, aesthetic
surgery is performed to improve normal
appearance. (V) Of course, many plastic
surgery procedures actually include aspects of
both reconstructive and aesthetic surgery.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 37 6. The world ---- more than 2 billion tons of

garbage every year, and trash heaps are
rapidly growing in crowded countries like
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere China and India.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) breaks down
1. According to kinetic theory, the absolute B) throws away
temperature of a gas is directly ---- to the C) winds up
average kinetic energy of the molecules. D) puts off
E) drives into
A) experimental
B) fundamental 7. The first evidence that there are genetic
C) negligible factors in smoking ---- in the 1950s from
D) proportional studies which ---- that identical twins tended
E) exceptional to be more similar in their choice to smoke
or not than did fraternal twins.
2. Labour unions ---- with employers over the
wages, working hours and working A) could appear / would indicate
conditions of their members. B) has appeared / had indicated
C) had appeared / have indicated
A) compete D) would appear / were indicating
B) propose E) appeared / indicated
C) restrict
D) estimate 8. It ---- true that property prices in Ireland and
E) negotiate Spain ---- by 208 and 150 per cent,
respectively, since 1997.
3. They reached their conclusion based ---- on
evidence found at the site of the murder. A) may be / would increase
B) has been / had increased
A) occasionally C) was / increased
B) constantly D) could be / would have increased
C) primarily E) is / have increased
D) gradually
E) intentionally 9. Rockets ---- to have originated with the
Chinese before the thirteenth century, which
4. A team of scientists at the California is when they---- to appear in Europe.
Institute of Technology has developed a
lensless microscope which is the size of a A) may be believed / were beginning
coin and can quickly and cheaply scan B) could be believed / have begun
blood ---- for tumour cells and parasites. C) were believed / had begun
D) have been believed / could begin
A) features E) are believed / began
B) variations
C) maladies 10. The tsunami that hit Japan was ----
D) samples destructive ---- not much was left when
E) assessments search-and-rescue teams finally reached
there.
5. This recent scientific breakthrough exposes
every genetic mutation acquired by cancer A) as / as
patients over their life times that eventually B) rather / than
caused healthy cells in their bodies to ---- C) too / enough
tumours. D) so / that
E) such / as well
A) turn into
B) break up
C) go over
D) wear out
E) pass up

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11. The existence of galaxies was not 16. In recent years, the world-system model has
recognized until the early 20th century, ---- come ---- criticism ---- its static and
since then galaxies have become one of the mechanical formulation.
focal points of astronomical investigation.
A) under / for
A) even B) of / with
B) because C) into / over
C) but D) over / about
D) if E) to / within
E) whether

12. ---- African nations got their independence,

the first thing they did was to change place
names in their countries.

A) Just as
B) If
C) Although
D) Until
E) When

13. Several studies have recently shown that, ---

- popular stereotypes, most grandparents
do not wish to take on a parental role toward
their grandchildren.

A) by means of
B) owing to
C) contrary to
D) for the sake of
E) in addition to

14. Despite attempts to lessen the country’s

dependence ---- coffee, this one crop usually
accounts for about 60% ---- Brazil’s export
earnings.

A) towards / above
B) in / by
C) on / of
D) to / upon
E) through / into

15. ---- its natural parks, lakes and desert areas,

the Dominican Republic encompasses the
diversity of an entire continent ---- an island
setting.

A) With / within
B) By / on
C) From / in
D) Of / for
E) Along / over

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

(17) ---- all the political ideologies of the early Not long ago, Thomas Cook was examining the
nineteenth century, nationalism is the most difficult strange and mysterious crop circles that had been
to grasp. Its (18) ---- are elusive. What, exactly, cut into his farm in Lincolnshire, England. His first
counted as a nation? Who demanded a nation, and thoughts were that they had been created (22) ----
what did their demand mean? In the early aliens. (23) ---- trying to explore the origin of these
nineteenth century, nationalism was usually aligned unusual shapes, he made a discovery that was
with liberalism. (19) ---- the century progressed, (20) much more down-to-earth. He discovered a pile of
----, it became increasingly clear that nationalism Roman Empire coins in a buried earthen ware pot
(21) ---- to fit any doctrine. dating to 270 AD. He did not find (24) ---- evidence
of a UFO, but he did find an amazing archaeological
17. site. In accordance with English antiquities law, the
A) By coins (25) ---- to the British Museum. They were
B) About studied and catalogued in the archives and given
C) From what is now (26) ---- referred to as a full “treasure
D) For trove inquest” by the museum.
E) Of
22.
18. A) of
A) credentials B) in
B) comments C) by
C) premises D) over
D) subsidies E) during
E) amendments
23.
19. A) Until
A) As B) Whenever
B) Because C) Once
C) Even if D) Since
D) If E) While
E) Whether
24.
20. A) so
A) furthermore B) any
B) however C) that
C) moreover D) little
D) therefore E) no
E) so
25.
21. A) are handed over
A) defined B) would have been handed over
B) has been defined C) were handed over
C) is defined D) could be handed over
D) could be defined E) had been handed over
E) defines
26.
A) commonly
B) relentlessly
C) dramatically
D) endlessly
E) deliberately

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. In the early years of the global warming
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. debate, there was great controversy over ----
.

27. Muğla has always preserved its traditional

A) while China has been blamed for the
cultural fabric, ----.
climate crisis today
B) although scientists have concluded that this
A) if you’d like to take a journey through its
warming is dangerous
history
C) since the details of future forecasts about
B) yet it constitutes a unique model for Turkish
warming remain unclear
traditional architecture
D) that warming would be a significant problem
C) although the luxury tourist centres that
in the decades ahead
surround it have not
E) whether the planet was indeed warming
D) so it has links to resort towns such as
Bodrum, Köyceğiz, and Marmaris
32. ---- because the Byzantine empire was the
E) because it started to urbanize rapidly with
uninterrupted successor of the Roman
the founding of Muğla University
state.

28. RNA interference, ----, can turn specific

A) A new period in the history of Western
genes off.
civilizations began in the seventh century
B) It is impossible to date the beginning of
A) that a new technology could be developed
Byzantine history with any precision
B) whose ability to understand the brain was
C) The history of Western civilizations is largely
accelerating
a story of rivalries and interactions
C) just as hypertension in animals is common
D) In medieval Italy, commerce and cities
D) in that nanoparticles can latch onto cancer
continued to flourish due to trade with the
cells
East
E) which scientists have only recently begun to
E) By 650 the Arabs had taken most of the
understand
Byzantine territories, including Jerusalem
29. Some types of breast cancer grow very
33. ----, even though the number of paintings he
slowly and spread to other parts of the body
produced wasn‘t large.
----.
A) It is true that Leonardo da Vinci lived in
A) as an infected breast usually appears red
Milan until1499 when the city was captured
and swollen
by the French forces
B) so long as they can be detected
B) Leonardo da Vinci was born in or near the
C) only after they become very large
small town of Vinci, a day‘s journey from
D) so that the diseased breast may be
Florence
removed
C) Leonardo da Vinci‘s writings on painting
E) because recently two separate genes for
were first published in 1651 in Paris from his
breast cancer have been identified
scattered notes as Treatise on Painting
D) Leonardo da Vinci is one of the very few
30. Suriname, now a Latin American country,
artists whose reputation has from his own
was originally explored by Spain in 1593, ----
time onwards always remained at the
.
highest level
E) When Leonardo da Vinci came to Florence
A) because the English transferred sovereignty
as a young man, he became the Florentine
to theDutch in 1667
painter Verrocchio‘s apprentice
B) but by 1602 the Dutch began to settle the
land, followed by the English
C) since colonization was confined to a narrow
coastal strip
D) although African slaves made up the
workforce for coffee and sugarcane
plantations
E) while after 1870 plantation workers were
mostly imported from British India

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34. ---- that either depend on those hormones or 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
are inhibited by them. anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
A) Hormone therapies raise or lower levels of bulunuz.
certain hormones to limit the growth of
cancers
37. In addition to traffic fatalities, alcohol use
B) In the opinion of most physicians, surgery,
has been implicated in many other deaths
radiation therapy, and chemotherapy play
among young people, including drownings,
definite roles in treating tumours
falls, suicides, and homicides.
C) Unfortunately, some tumours, such as those
in the stomach, pancreas, or kidney,
A) Gençler arasında alkol kullanımı, trafik
respond only partially to radiation therapy
ölümlerinden başka, boğulmalar,
D) Progress in cancer therapy has come with
düşmeler, intiharlar ve cinayetler gibi diğer
better combinations of drugs, altered
ölüm türlerinin de nedeni olmuştur
dosages, and better coordination with
B) Gençler arasındaki alkol kullanımı, trafik
radiation therapy
ölümlerinin yanı sıra, boğulmalar,
E) Almost everyone who receives
düşmeler, intiharlar ve cinayetler gibi diğer
chemotherapy or radiation therapy
pek çok çeşit ölüme yol açabilmektedir
experiences certain side effects, such as
C) Alkol kullanımı, gençler arasında, trafik
nausea or vomiting,
ölümlerine ek olarak, boğulmalar,
düşmeler, intiharlar ve cinayetler dahil
35. Just as the human mind allows a person to
diğer birçok ölümün nedeni olmuştur
develop a concept of intellectual self, ----.
D) Trafik ölümlerinden ayrı olarak,
boğulmalar, düşmeler, intiharlar ve
A) each cell in a person’s body has molecules
cinayetler, alkol kullanımı nedeniyle
on its surface that are unique to that specific
gençler arasında yaygın olan diğer ölüm
person
biçimleridir
B) the function of the immune system is to
E) Alkol kullanımı nedeniyle, trafik
defend the body against invaders
ölümlerinden ayrı olarak, gençler arasında
C) virtually any organ can be attacked by the
yaygın olan diğer ölüm biçimleri,
immune system, including the kidneys,
boğulmalar, düşmeler, intiharlar ve
lungs, heart and brain
cinayetlerdir
D) the immune system provides a concept of
biological self
38. Undoubtedly, some intelligence services in
E) the immune system is composed of cells
the world know where every single high-
and soluble substances
ranking member of the largest terrorist
groups is.
36. If a child has the potential for cardiovascular
disease, ----.
A) Dünyadaki en büyük istihbarat örgütleri,
bazı terörist gruplarının üst düzey
A) this article focuses on efforts to prevent
üyelerinin nerede olduğunu kuşkusuz
childhood obesity and cardiovascular
biliyordur.
disease
B) Kuşkusuz, bazı istihbarat örgütleri en
B) most people consider cardiovascular
büyük terörist gruplarının her bir üst düzey
disease to be an adult disease
üyesinin dünyanın neresinde olduğunu
C) obesity in children affects these changes
bilmek istiyordur.
D) poor health choices, such as poor diet, will
C) Kuşkusuz, en büyük terörist gruplarının
cause the disease itself to develop
üst düzey üyelerinin bulunduğu yer
E) questions arose about the extent to which
dünyadaki bütün istihbarat örgütlerince
genetics is involved in the risk of
bilinmektedir.
cardiovascular disease
D) Kuşkusuz, dünyada, bazı terörist
gruplarının her bir üst düzey üyesinin
nerede olduğu büyük istihbarat
örgütlerince bilinmektedir.
E) Kuşkusuz, dünyadaki bazı istihbarat
örgütleri en büyük terörist gruplarının her
bir üst düzey üyesinin nerede olduğunu
bilmektedir.

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39. The discovery of the electron in the 1890s 41. İlk insanlar, ateşi keşfedip pişirmeyi
might be said to mark the beginning of öğreninceye kadar, beslenme ihtiyaçlarını
modern physics. sebze ve meyve gibi gıdaları tüketerek
karşılamışlardır.
A) 1890’larda elektronun keşfinin, modern
fiziğin başlangıcını belirlediği söylenebilir. A) Early human beings met their nutritional
B) Denilebilir ki elektronun 1890’larda keşfi, needs by eating vegetables and fruits
modern fiziğin başlangıcını ifade eder. before they discovered fire and learned
C) 1890’larda elektronun keşfi ile modern cooking.
fizik başlamıştır denilebilir. B) Early human beings satisfied their hunger
D) Modern fiziğin, 1890’larda elektronun keşfi by consuming vegetables and fruits, at
ile başladığı söylenebilir. least until the discovery of fire and the
E) Elektronun 1890’larda keşfi üzerine, learning of cooking.
modern fiziğin başladığı söylenebilir. C) Vegetables and fruits were regarded to be
the first food of early human beings until
40. Teknolojik kaynaklardaki sürekli gelişmeler, they discovered fire and learned cooking.
belirli soruları cevaplama potansiyelleriyle D) Early human beings ate food consisting
birlikte, son yıllarda birkaç farklı alanda mainly of vegetables and fruits before the
ortaya çıkmıştır. discovery of fire and the learning of
cooking.
A) Continuous improvements in technological E) Early human beings met their dietary
resources, as well as their potential to needs by consuming foods such as
answer certain questions, have appeared vegetables and fruits until the time they
in a number of distinct areas in recent discovered fire and learned cooking.
years.
B) Continuous improvements in technological 42. Sadece kişinin sahip olduğu kilosu değil,
resources have been used to answer aynı zamanda vücut yağının oranı da
certain questions that have appeared in a antibiyotiklerin vücut üzerindeki etkisini
number of distinct areas lately. azaltabilir.
C) Potential improvements in technological
resources, as well as the possibility of A) The effect antibiotics have on the body
using them to answer many questions, falls sharply due to the weight a person
have appeared in a number of distinct has as well as the proportion of his body
areas in recent years. fat.
D) Potential improvements in technological B) Antibiotics have less and less effect on the
resources and the possibility of using body if a person has much weight and a
them to answer certain questions have high proportion of body fat.
appeared in a number of distinct areas C) Not only the weight a person has, but also
lately. the proportion of his body fat may reduce
E) Continuous improvements in technological the effect on the body of antibiotics.
resources, as well as their potential to D) The antibiotic effect on the body is much
answer certain questions, have been reduced not only because of the weight a
wasted in a number of distinct areas in person has but also due to the proportion
recent years. of body weight.
E) It is due to a person’s weight as well as
the proportion of his body fat that the
effect antibiotics have on the body is
reduced.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 44. In the passage, the writer points out that
cevaplayınız. while on the one hand, describing other
countries or peoples in general terms may
be misleading, on the other, ----.
We have all heard people from other countries
described in very general terms. For instance, it has
been said that “Germans work hard” and A) generalizations of this kind may be true to
“Americans are friendly”. Such generalizations or some extent
stereotypes are very crude, and common sense tells B) one must make an effort to appreciate and
us that not all Germans work hard and not all understand their culture
Americans are friendly. At the same time, there C) it is important for us to have a friendly
appears to be some truth in these generalizations attitude towards them
since people from different countries share different D) we must do our best to ignore the
characteristics. What these crude statements differences among them
acknowledge, however, is that people from different E) such generalizations are useful especially
countries have distinctive cultures and social in understanding the value of education
customs. A society’s culture includes its customs,
values, beliefs, ideas and the artifacts it produces.
Attitudes towards such things as work, leisure, 45. The writer suggests that political attitudes
wealth, the role of women, and the value of ----.
education in one society’s culture might be
significantly different from the attitudes and values
found in another society’s culture. This is also the A) in a country are fundamentally influenced
case regarding attitudes found in different countries by education
towards politics and the political system. B) vary greatly from country to country
C) in a society have nothing to do with its
cultural values
D) towards women in society must be
43. It is stressed in the passage that each constructive
country ----. E) in a country cannot be differentiated from
the attitudes towards work and leisure

A) attaches much importance to its own

social customs and educational system 46. The writer states that the customs, values,
B) has developed a political system which and beliefs of a society ----.
may differ from its social and cultural
values
C) can be identified through its people’s A) may have some impact on its educational
attitudes towards other countries and system
peoples B) are a poor guide to the nature of that
D) has its own special characteristics and, society
hence, is culturally and politically unlike C) should be excluded from its political
the others system
E) shares with other countries a wide variety D) must always uphold the role of women in
of values and attitudes that society
E) are among the elements that make up its
culture

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. According to the passage, the lava which
cevaplayınız. erupts onto the Pacific Ocean floor ----.

Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth A) mainly consists of magma but also
above sea level, but it is not the world’s tallest. That includes small pieces of the molten
honour goes to the Hawaiian volcano Mauna Kea. tectonic plate
When measured from its base on the Pacific Ocean B) is constantly dispersed in all directions
floor, it is about 1,000 metres taller than Mount because of the movements of the tectonic
Everest. Mauna Kea is part of a 5,600-kilometre- plates
long chain of volcanoes stretching westward from C) soon forms a chain of mountains that are
the main Hawaiian island. This volcanic chain is relatively high but hardly rise above sea
formed by small convection streams called “hot level
spots”, just below the Earth’s crust, where magma D) flows from newly-formed mountains such
rises from the hotter parts of the mantle, the region as the Hawaiian volcano Mauna Kea
between the crust and the core of the earth. These E) can cover a very large area that may
hot spots melt sections of the tectonic plates moving extend for thousands of kilometres in all
above them, causing magma and bits of the molten directions
plate to erupt onto the sea floor. Over time, the lava
accumulates, forming a mountain that rises above
sea level. The moving tectonic plates carry the 50. In this passage, the writer ----.
newly-formed mountain away from its original
location, as newer volcanoes continue to form in the
same spot. A) gives an account of the benefits that
convection streams provide to the
Hawaiian Islands
B) describes in detail the movements and
47. One understands from the passage that, as effects of the tectonic plates under the
much of Mauna Kea is below sea level, ----. Pacific Ocean
C) gives information about how Mount
A) nobody knows how high it actually is since Everest was formed
it cannot be measured precisely D) explains how the volcanic chain extending
B) it looks lower than Mount Everest, but in across the Pacific Ocean was formed
fact, it is not when measured from its E) states that different types of volcanoes will
bottom continue to form across the Pacific Ocean
C) its volcanic activity is actually much more
extensive than is generally thought
D) the process of its geological formation is
only now being revealed scientifically
E) the so-called “hot spots” on the ocean
floor continue to add lava to its base

48. It is clear from the passage that the tectonic

plates in the Pacific Ocean ----.

A) move constantly and, thus, undermine the

formation of a volcanic chain in the region
B) prevent the formation of convection
streams that cause eruptions on the
ocean floor
C) are so thick that the so-called “hot spots”
have no physical effect on them
D) play a part in the formation of volcanic
chains on the ocean floor
E) cover the mantle so well that no eruption
of magma can take place on the ocean
floor

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. As one learns from the passage, it was
cevaplayınız. before 1721 that ----.

A) the Russians re-captured Riga from the

Narva is a quiet northeastern Estonian town bathed
Swedes and made it the capital of Latvia
in sea breezes. Though small, with a population of
B) Russia reached an agreement with Austria
just over 72,000, it occupies a large place in
and Prussia for the partition of the whole
Russian history. It was here in 1700 that, by
Baltic region
attacking the Swedes, who were then in control of
C) Russia became a major European power
much of the Baltic coast, Russia launched its final
which completely dominated the Baltics
campaign in a centuries-long quest to become a
D) the Swedes and the Russians agreed on
European power. The battle ended in defeat for the
their respective control of the Baltic
Russians, but the war did not; by 1721 Russia had
territories
conquered the Baltic territories as far southwest as
E) the city of Saint Petersburg was founded
Riga, the capital of present-day Latvia, and had built
by the Russians on the Gulf of Finland
a new capital, Saint Petersburg, on the Gulf of
Finland. Later in that century, Russia, through a
54. It is pointed out in the passage that ----.
partition agreement with Austria and Prussia, gained
control of the rest of the Baltics, and would retain
A) Russian possession of the Baltic territories
them until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.
lasted until the late twentieth century
B) Prussian control of the Baltic territories
51. According to the passage, the Russian
lasted throughout the eighteenth century
conquest of the Baltics ----.
and after
C) no European power in the eighteenth
A) forced both Austria and Prussia to give up
century was concerned about the Russian
their centuries-old claims on the Baltic
invasion of the Baltics
territories and sign a treaty
D) the Swedes and the Russians were
B) was finalized in the eighteenth century
constantly at war with each other for the
partly through war and partly through a
possession of the Baltics
multi-lateral treaty
E) the Russian conquest of the Baltic
C) included only the region between Narva in
territories has always been a controversial
northeastern Estonia and Saint
issue in Russian history
Petersburg on the Gulf of Finland
D) was several times resisted by the Swedes,
whom the Russians were unable to defeat
and drive out of the region
E) involved a very long war with the Swedes
on the one hand, and with Austria and
Prussia on the other

52. As can be understood from the passage, the

writer ----.

A) points out that Narva is an attractive and

wellknown centre for tourism in Estonia
B) describes the hardships which the Baltic
countries endured under the Russians in
the eighteenth century
C) stresses how the Russian expansion in
the Baltics in the 1720s was prevented by
Austria and Prussia
D) draws a contrast between the present-day
romantic appearance of Narva and its
historic significance
E) compares Riga with Narva and concludes
that the Latvian capital is historically more
important

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. As one understands from the passage, while
cevaplayınız. a severed telephone cable can be repaired
or replaced, ----.

Protected inside the bony vertebrae of the spine is

A) the vertebrae make it impossible for us to
an inch-thick gelatinous bundle of nervous tissue
treat the spinal cord
called “the spinal cord”, which acts as the central
B) the nerve bundles inside the spinal cord
communication conduit between the brain and the
need to be carefully treated
rest of the body. Millions of nerve fibres carry motor
C) this is not so easy with the spinal cord due
information from the brain to the muscles, while
to its very delicate structure
other fibres bring sensory information from the body
D) this is not the case with the spinal cord
to the brain. In its structure and functions, the spinal
due to bleeding and swelling
cord may be compared to a transcontinental
E) in the case of the spinal column the
telephone cable jam-packed with wires, each of
procedure takes a long time
which carries messages both ways. But what
happens if that cable is cut? Signals cannot get
58. As pointed out in the passage, the
through, communication is lost, and the cable must
communication between the brain and all
be repaired or replaced. In humans, though, this is
the other parts of the body ----.
not a simple process due to the sensitive nature of
the spinal cord. The spinal cord is rarely severed
A) is extremely complicated due to the
because the vertebrae provide rigid protection.
structure of the spinal column
However, a traumatic blow to the spinal column and
B) is maintained by nerve fibres through the
subsequent bleeding, swelling and scarring can
spinal cord
crush the delicate nerve bundles and prevent
C) is not affected even when the vertebrae
signals from passing. The result may be a
are injured
debilitating injury.
D) can still be maintained even though the
spinal cord is broken
55. According to the passage, the spinal cord in
E) depends a great deal on the proper
the human body ----.
functioning of the brain

A) is very sensitive to external blows and can

be easily injured
B) only carries the brain’s messages to all
the parts of the body
C) is far more intricate and vulnerable than a
mere telephone cable
D) is not affected by swelling and scarring
caused by an injury
E) can almost never be completely cut as it is
well- placed within the vertebrae

56. As it is pointed out in the passage, there are

so many nerve fibres in the spinal cord that
----.

A) the appearance reminds one of a

telephone cable consisting of innumerable
wires
B) each has a different function to perform for
the brain
C) it takes no time for the messages to reach
the brain
D) any injury to them can be absolutely fatal
E) their delicate nature makes them
vulnerable to injuries

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. It is suggested in the passage that because
cevaplayınız. Kierkegaard expressed his major ideas in an
unusual personal way, ----.

Kierkegaard was one of the most original thinkers of

the nineteenth century in Europe. He wrote widely A) their essential importance was not
on religious, philosophical, and literary themes. recognized at first
However, his peculiar manner of presenting some of B) he was widely appreciated and fully
his leading ideas initially obscured their fundamental understood by his contemporaries
significance. He developed his views in strong C) he immediately became famous as a
opposition to prevailing opinions, such as certain philosopher in nineteenth-century Europe
metaphysical claims about the relation of thought to D) they were very influential on other
existence. He reacted against the ethical and philosophers, including Feuerbach and
religious theories of Kant and Hegel. Moreover, he Marx
opposed the doctrines and ideas which were being E) most thinkers in Europe sensed that he
advanced by some of his contemporaries like was formulating a new philosophy
Feuerbach and Marx. His discussion of the human
condition, which emphasizes the significance of
individual choice, has arguably been his most 62. The point is made in the passage that
striking philosophical legacy, particularly for the Kierkegaard ----.
growth of existentialism.

A) approved of certain metaphysical

arguments concerning the relation of
59. It is clear from the passage that, in view of thought to existence
his focus on the question of individual B) relied heavily on Kant and Hegel for the
choice, Kierkegaard can be regarded as ----. development of his own philosophy
C) was a thinker, some of whose ideas were
A) the only thinker in the nineteenth century unusual for his time
who was concerned with metaphysical D) clearly defined what existentialism meant
matters for a full understanding of human
B) a follower of Kant and Hegel, whose existence
ethical and religious ideas inspired him E) benefited a great deal from the
greatly philosophical legacy of his predecessors
C) the philosopher who led the way for the
development of existentialist philosophy
D) the philosopher who explained the
religious and philosophical aspects of
human existence
E) a major thinker who influenced his
contemporaries, including Feuerbach and
Marx

60. It is pointed out in the passage that much of

Kierkegaard’s most striking writings ----.

A) restate the views and theories which

prevailed and were commonly shared in
his time
B) were based on the ethical and religious
theories that had been formulated during
earlier centuries
C) were widely read and discussed by his
contemporaries in Europe in the
nineteenth century
D) are limited to topics related to religion and
philosophy
E) deal with the idea of individual choice

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Gary :- These days I’m drinking green
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi tea, which is supposed to help you lose weight.
bulunuz. Arnold :- I don’t think such things work to
the same degree on everyone. After all, we’re
all different with different metabolisms.
63. Dave :- I've tried all sorts of things to try
Gary :- ----
and boost my memory, and guess what? The
Arnold :- I guess you have a point.
best thing I've found is blueberries!
Sue :- ----.
A) What I’m trying to say is that it has lost its
Dave :- That's what I heard too.
flavour.
Apparently, it's the reaction between flavonoids
B) Of course. Tea is my favourite beverage,
and proteins that is essential to brain cell
anyway.
structure and function.
C) Since you agree, I’ll treat you to a dinner
Sue :- Hopefully they might eventually
at a luxurious restaurant.
provide protection against disorders such as
D) Still, you should try it if you want to know
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
whether it works for you or not.
E) You’re right. Losing weight has nothing to
A) I think that’s a bit of a myth really. Just
do with what you eat or drink.
because they contain flavonoids.
B) So, what’s the connection between
66. Helen :- Apparently, one of the fastest
blueberries and brain cell function?
growing industries at the moment is Events
C) Is that because there are more flavonoids
Organizing.
in blueberries than in any other fruit?
May :- ----
D) I’m not surprised; blueberries are really
Helen :- What does she do exactly?
rich In flavonoids.
May :- Everything from choosing the
E) Blueberries! That’s amazing. I’ve never
venue to arranging the menu.
heard that before.
A) Absolutely! I know many people working in
64. Andy :- Here is an article about the
this sector.
latest epidemic of swine flu. It says that it
B) My mother used one of those companies
started in Mexico and it has now infected at
and she was very satisfied.
least one hundred people in ten other countries.
C) I know. My sister works for one of those
Beth :- ----.
companies and she plans weddings.
Andy :- Well, some airlines stopped
D) I’ve heard it’s a female-dominated
their flights to the country and some
industry.
governments urged their citizens not to travel
E) That’s true, but my friend says their
there.
services are very expensive.
Beth :- Those precautions certainly
seem reasonable.
67. Teacher :- When we look at the periodic
table, we can see that there are 120 or so
A) What’s being done to stop the spread of
known elements.
the disease?
Student :- Are they all naturally occurring?
B) Do they have any research to support
Teacher :- There are 92 naturally occurring
their claims?
ones.
C) Should we go to the doctor to get a flu
Student :- ----
shot?
Teacher :- Well, there are others that have
D) Do you think we should fly to Mexico for
been created inlabs.
holiday?
E) Are the drug companies taking advantage
A) What about the rest?
of the disease?
B) Which ones are natural?
C) How many are there in total?
D) Have they always existed or are they
new?
E) Why do we need the periodic table?

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 71. The report did not get a favourable
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. reception largely because it called for
massive increases in defence spending.

68. For many years now transport planners in

A) The unfavourable report on defence
the UK have been demanding that motorists
spending showed convincingly that vast
pay directly for the use of roads.
sums of money had been wasted.
B) The report failed to please for the obvious
A) In the opinion of British transport planners,
reason that it recommended an increase
it is the motorists themselves who should
in expenditure for defence purposes.
have paid for the upkeep of the roads all
C) The extra expenditure for defence
these years.
purposes is what made the report so
B) Over the years, transport planners in the
unpopular in many quarters.
UK have been suggesting that the upkeep
D) The main reason why the report met with
of roads must be paid for by the motorists
so little approval was on account of the
themselves.
vast increases in expenditure it demanded
C) Transport planners in the UK have, for a
for defence purposes.
long time now, been insisting that those
E) The report was quite unacceptable on
who use the roads must pay for them
account of the fact that the recommended
directly.
increases in defence spending were quite
D) British transport planners recommended,
unrealistic.
a long time ago, that those who use the
roads must pay for their upkeep directly. 72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
E) In Britain, transport planners have been anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
arguing for many years that the upkeep of cümleyi bulunuz.
the roads is the responsibility of motorists.
72. In 1915 the German scientist Alfred
69. You should be able to tell the meaning of Wegener, who had noted a similarity
this word from its context. between the geographical shapes of South
America and Africa, proposed that all the
A) The context of the word gives one a pretty land masses had at one time been joined
good idea of what it must mean. into one huge supercontinent. He called this
B) Out of context I couldn't say what this supercontinent ―Pangea. ---- Wegener did
word means. not know of any mechanism that could have
C) As you know the subject well, can't you caused continental drift. So his idea,
make out what he's trying to say? although debated initially, was largely
D) You don't know the word but you can still ignored.
make an educated guess as to what it
means. A) He further suggested that Pangea had
E) It wasn't difficult to figure out what he was subsequently broken apart and that
trying to say. various land masses had separated in a
process known as ―continental drift.
70. What worries me is that they have so far B) Earth‘s crust is composed of seven large
failed to improve the quality of the work. plates, plus a few smaller ones, that float
on the mantle which is the solid layer of
A) As they haven't yet managed to produce Earth lying beneath the crust and above
any high-quality work, I'm wondering if the core.
they ever will. C) As the plates move, the continents change
B) If only they could upgrade the quality of their relative positions, and this movement
the work I'd stop worrying. of the crustal plates is termed ―plate
C) Once the quality of the work improves tectonics.
we'll be free of worries. D) When two plates grind together, one of
D) It's the fact that they still haven't managed them is sometimes buried under the other
to upgrade the quality of the work that in a process known as ―subduction.
troubles me. E) As the continents began to drift apart,
E) They are still far from producing the high- populations became geographically
quality work I'm anxious to get. isolated in different environmental
conditions and began to diverge along
separate evolutionary pathways.

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73. After more than 30 years without building a 75. A number of globalization issues involving
nuclear plant, US power companies are children require our thoughtful
seeking licences for over 30 new reactors. consideration and action. ----. These
In addition, more than 300 reactors have children and their families represent a
been proposed worldwide. Countries such challenge to educators because of cultural
as Egypt, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, and and language barriers.
Venezuela have serious plans to build their
first nuclear plant. ---- A) A great challenge in the twenty-first
century is how to enrich or give positive
A) In other parts of the world, some 40 content to the process of globalization
reactors are already under construction, B) The effects of globalization are seen over
though many have been underway for a wide spectrum of our lives, including
decades with no end in sight. children’s play and people’s beliefs and
B) Annual emissions of greenhouse gases attitudes about it
are expected to double by 2050, from a C) One can judge the quality of a nation by
current 7 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide the willingness of its citizens to care about
each year to more than 14 billion tonnes. other people’s children
C) According to a recent report, nuclear D) An educational consequence of
power is a major solution to the West‘s globalization facing many teachers of
growing electricity needs, and increased young children in the US and elsewhere is
nuclear use can substantially lower the growing number of recent immigrant
greenhouse gas emissions. children in classrooms
D) On the contrary, a country‘s use of nuclear E) Conditions are being created so that more
power has much to do with government and more people will come to have both a
intervention, whether through state loans global identity and a local identity (one’s
or streamlined regulations. own cultural reference group) in the
E) Therefore, global electricity demand is twenty-first century
estimated to nearly double by 2030, with
nuclear power currently accounting for 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
about 15 per cent of global use. okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
74. The liver has primary responsibility for
detoxifying alcohol. ----. Cancer is more 76. (I) Deserts get very little rain, but cactuses,
likely to occur in cirrhotic livers than in trees and even wildflowers still manage to grow
healthy ones, but alcohol abusers are likely in some desert areas. (II) Most deserts form
to die of a variety of causes before liver because of air movements over the planet. (III)
cancer develops. These plants have special characteristics that
help them get and store water. (IV) Some of
A) An excessive intake of alcohol often leads them have small leaves to keep water from
to cirrhosis of the liver, a degenerative escaping into the air. (V) Some other desert
disease that limits the organ’s plants have long roots that reach water deep
effectiveness underground.
B) This evidence indicates that high levels of
alcohol consumption are related to various A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
kinds of cancer
C) For cancers of all sites, alcohol is not as
strong a risk factor as either smoking or
an imprudent diet
D) Recent research has found a synergistic
effect between alcohol and tobacco
E) Pancreatic cancer has a special affinity to
alcohol consumption

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77. (I) City-dwellers often keep away from buildings 80. (I) Most people believe that some drugs are
and trees where starlings nest. (II) Similarly, acceptable and even desirable because of the
ranchers and farmers are fed up with these medical benefits they confer. (II) But all
birds since they eat all of the grain from their psychoactive drugs – drugs that cross the
fields. (III) Yet, if you lived in North America a blood-brain barrier and alter mental functioning
little over a century ago, you wouldn’t have – are potentially harmful to health. (III) Even
seen this bird. (IV) The female starling is less drugs that are not psychoactive have the
glossy and lustrous than the male. (V) Once potential for unpleasant side effects.(IV) For a
restricted to Europe and Asia, the European time, cocaine was used as an anaesthetic for
starling is now an abundant pest in North surgery, especially eye surgery. (V) For
America, eastern Australia, New Zealand and example, antihistamines may cause confusion,
South Africa. dizziness, dry mouth and blurred vision.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) Instead of carrying a large amount of cash, a

buyer can make a single payment for many
purchases with a credit card. (II) A credit card is
not money. (III) The credit card system is
efficient because it meets the seller's need to
know about the credit standing and repayment
habits of the buyer.(IV) For a fee that each user
agrees to, the bank issues the credit card,
makes a loan to the buyer for each purchase,
and pays the merchant promptly.(V) The buyer
then has a debt that he or she settles by
making payment to the credit card company.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) Historically, farming societies have had

higher birth-rates than urban societies; their
populations have also tended to be younger. (II)
Marked by a high regard for traditional values,
farming communities were often regulated by
kinship customs and ritual.(III) These were
related: it was to a farmer's advantage to have
many children who could work in the fields and
then would support their parents as they grew
older. (IV) Generally, however, as the children
became older, there was not enough land for all
of them to support their own families, and some
would migrate to the cities. (V) In this way,
cities have absorbed the excess population of
the countryside, thus becoming filled with
comparatively older people living in smaller
families.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 38 5. After the first book on chess was printed in

England in 1475, the game ---- a more
modern form in Europe, especially after the
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere rules of the game were changed.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) set off
1. At present, interest rates are comparatively - B) paid back
---; let‘s hope they remain that way. C) took on
D) came across
A) frequent E) ruled out
B) uneasy
C) consecutive 6. Eye doctors once ---- high fluid pressure in
D) comprehensive the eye to diagnose glaucoma, but now a
E) steady six-year study has indicated that glaucoma
can be diagnosed earlier by also measuring
2. Nobel Prizes are widely ---- as the world’s damage to the optic nerve.
most prestigious awards given for
intellectual achievement. A) gave up
B) relied on
A) discovered C) thought up
B) revealed D) put forward
C) competed E) looked through
D) regarded
E) founded 7. Alternative energy companies benefit most -
--- low-carbon technology investments, but
3. In the March 2011-2012 period, most of the companies in other sectors are presented ---
employment growth was in the public - opportunities, too.
sector, ---- health and education
management, reaching an addition of almost A) for / through
350,000 new employees. B) about / in
C) from / with
A) separately D) into / over
B) previously E) under / for
C) moderately
D) especially 8. There’s a broad range of opinions ---- the
E) fortunately biological consequences of being exposed -
--- the contaminated environment near
4. Most scientists agree that the human history Chernobyl.
of North America began when the early ----
of modern Native Americans made their way A) for / of
across a land bridge that once connected B) in / with
north-eastern Asia to North America. C) on / to
D) about / at
A) inhabitants E) through / from
B) ancestors
C) colleagues 9. ---- it has a great potential for creating new
D) counterparts organisms, experimental recombination of
E) descendants genesis viewed by some scientists as
dangerous and unethical.

A) As long as
B) unless
C) Just as
D) Before
E) Because

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10. Thanks to a newly developed battery- 15. Scientists predict that should the current
charging device called the Chargepod, ' we rate of deforestation in the rainforests ----, a
will no longer have to use different chargers great many of the species they support ----
nd
---- recharge different mobile gadgets, like completely by the turn of the 22 century.
cell phones and iPods.
A) continue / will have disappeared
A) with reference to B) is continued / will disappear
B) due to C) was continued / would disappear
C) in order to D) had continued / would have disappeared
D) with regard to E) will continue / would have disappeared
E) according to
16. Some African countries ---- a great variety of
11. In less-developed parts of the world, there natural resources like oil and minerals, but
are few modern urban water networks, ---- they still ---- from poverty.
the people living in these areas do not have
access to safe drinking water. A) are having / had suffered
B) have had / suffered
A) so C) will have / have suffered
B) even if D) had had / are suffering
C) because E) have / suffer
D) while
E) though

12. If there is one thing that is more astonishing

than the ability of the adult human to talk, it
is the process ---- he learns to do it.

A) whichever
B) where
C) that
D) however
E) by which

13. If all of the Arctic ice ----, global sea levels ---
- by 23 feet, submerging most coastal areas.

A) melted / will rise

B) is to melt / are rising
C) were to melt / could rise
D) will melt / rise
E) had melted / rose

14. Underwater archaeology is generally

considered to ---- its first major
encouragement during the winter of 1853-
54, when a particularly low water level in a
Swiss lake ---- bare enormous quantities of
wooden posts, pottery and other artifacts.

A) be receiving / has laid

B) be received / would lay
C) have been received / had laid
D) receive / could have laid
E) have received / laid

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

The first half of this interesting book provides an The portrait, as it is known today, was born in the
introduction to the theory and practice (17) ---- logic. Renaissance. In fact, portraits (22) ---- before the
The authors provide a historical (18) ---- of models Renaissance, of course: (23) ---- think of the
of logic from Aristotle to choice theory and 'fuzzy Pharaohs with their colossal statues, or the busts of
logic. 'They show (19) ---- to use the principles to the Roman emperors, (24) ---- those figures seemed
analyze and construct logical arguments. (20) ---- very (25) ----. Renaissance artists, by contrast,
they give some medical examples, this section is sought to create not just a likeness of their subjects,
generic and thus, this book (21) ---- well as a text for but also (26) ---- of their spirit.
an introductory course in a philosophy curriculum.
Good illustrations and boxed definitions help to 22.
guide the reader, too. A) exist
B) would exist
17. C) have existed
A) of D) would have existed
B) in E) had existed
C) at
D) under 23.
E) within A) Just
B) Already
18. C) Always
A) quotation D) Usually
B) controversy E) Previously
C) omission
D) overview 24.
E) result A) whenever
B) when
19. C) but
A) what D) while
B) whether E) so far as
C) whom
D) which 25.
E) how A) principal
B) prospective
20. C) enthusiastic
A) Just as D) recent
B) Although E) remote
C) Since
D) After 26.
E) Because A) many
B) anything
21. C) something
A) will have served D) any
B) has served E) few
C) had served
D) would serve
E) may have served

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. ---- that they influenced cultures across the
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. Mediterranean.

A) Phoenician textiles commanded a high price

27. While air quality may improve with
everywhere their merchants went
increased biofuel use, ----.
B) The Phoenicians may have played an
important role in introducing urban life into
A) water quality can suffer due to over-use of
the Greek world
fertilizers and overdrawn water supplies
C) Phoenician cities oriented themselves
B) worldwide ethanol demand has pushed up
towards the sea
the cost of corn by 25% and sugar by 100%
D) The Phoenicians became famous as
C) meanwhile, fuel crops had increased in
merchants and seafarers
value
E) The widespread colonial and mercantile
D) the energy balance of today’s ethanol is
efforts of thePhoenicians meant
positive
E) 75 million gallons of biodiesel and 4 billion
31. ---- because they were continually forced to
gallons of ethanol were made last year
defend their own conquests against other
invaders.
28. Thanks to the popularity of nature
documentaries on TV, ----.
A) The Romans did not usually impose heavy
tax burdens on the cities they conquered
A) many observers have noted high biological
B) The geography of the Italian peninsula had
productivity around seamounts and islands
a decisive influence on Rome‘s
B) biologists know much less about the
development
migration of marine species
C) The Romans were descended from various
C) the healthy populations of pelagic fish are in
Indo- European peoples that had crossed
a worldwide decline because of over-
the Alps into Italy during the second
harvesting
millennium B.C.
D) there has been an increase of
D) The Romans were a sternly military society
environmental awareness among people
almost from the moment they settled on
from all walks of life
Italian soil
E) in Africa every year, hundreds of thousands
E) The Romans looked to their gods to bestow
of wildebeests and zebras leave their
upon their households and their city the
traditional habitats to avoid the dry season
blessings of prosperity, victory, and fertility
29. ----, but he had a reputation for blurring the
32. ----, it does not necessarily produce peace,
line between fact and fiction.
equality, or homogeneity.

A) In the early twentieth century, some

A) If a key feature of globalization has been the
Americans were still hunting whales much
transformation of the world economy
as they had in Herman Melville’s day
B) Just as globalization has radically altered
B) For “Moby-Dick”, Herman Melville drew on
patterns of trade around the world
scientific, historical, and journalistic
C) Whenever globalization has forced the
accounts of whales
reorganization of economic enterprises
C) Once a whale washed ashore, it was bound
D) Since globalization suggests a uniform
to end up as someone’s property
process, one that operates similarly
D) Whales entered early American law through
everywhere
the question of who owned them when
E) Although globalization means worldwide
E) There is no shortage of whaling histories for
economic integration
a Melville aficionado to turn to

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33. Everyone knows ----. 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
A) that the politics of oil is crucial to life in the cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
MiddleEast bulunuz.
B) whether to the Arabs oil means the vast
petroleum reserves lying under the desert
sands 37. Brain activity can be studied by measuring
C) if in the Middle East oil is a precious source and recording the “brain waves” given off
of wealth and all too often a cause for war by various parts of the brain when they are
D) since non-OPEC oil producers currently active.
account for58% of total production
E) as Iraqi crude oil exports in 2007 were more A) Beyin faaliyetini tetkik etmek için ölçülen
than 5%lower than in 2006 ve kaydedilen “beyin dalgaları”, beynin
çeşitli bölümleri tarafından faal oldukları
34. While some argue that the Elgin Marbles, ---- zaman yayılır.
, are more carefully preserved there, the B) Beynin faal olan çeşitli bölümlerinden
Greek government does not accept the yayılan “beyin dalgaları”nı ölçerek ve
legality of the sale that took place in 1816 kaydederek, beyin faaliyetlerini tetkik etme
and believes they belong in Athens. olanağı vardır.
C) Beyin faaliyetlerinin tetkik edilmesi demek,
A) after they were acquired from the Otoman beynin o an faal olan bölümlerinin yaydığı
authorities of the time “beyin dalgaları”nın ölçülüp kaydedilmesi
B) since they are also called the Parthenon demektir.
Marbles D) Beyin faaliyetini, beynin çeşitli
C) so they are very famous indeed bölümlerince faal durumda iken yayılan
D) which are kept in the British Museum in “beyin dalgaları”nı hem ölçerek hem de
London kaydederek tetkik etmek mümkündür.
E) as if they were sold to the British nation E) Beyin faaliyeti, beynin çeşitli bölümleri
tarafından faal oldukları zaman yayılan
35. The United Nations officially recognized the “beyin dalgaları”nı ölçerek ve kaydederek
greenhouse effect in 1995, ----. tetkik edilebilir.

A) when its International Panel on Climate 38. Inventions of modern science are no longer
noted that human activity had a discernible the creations of a single person, as they
influence on global temperatures were in the past.
B) as the economies of developing nations will
grow over the next few decades A) Çağdaş bilimin buluşları, artık, geçmişte
C) if developing nations were exempted from olduğu gibi tek bir kişinin yaratıları değildir.
the Kyoto Agreement B) Çağımızda bilimsel buluşlar, geçmişte
D) since the US government announced that it olduğunun tersine, bir kişinin yaratıcılığına
would not participate in Kyoto Agreement dayanmamaktadır.
E) that the participating nations must make C) Çağdaş bilimde artık, geçmişte olduğu
large and costly changes in their energy gibi, tek kişinin yaratıcılığına dayanan
systems buluşlara rastlanmamaktadır.
D) Çağdaş bilimle ortaya konan buluşlar,
36. Much of the scientific literature on geçmişten farklı olarak, birden çok kişinin
amphibian declines focuses on decreases in ortaya koyduğu yaratılardır.
tropical countries, ----. E) Geçmişteki buluşlar, çağdaş bilimdekilerin
tersine, bir tek kişinin yaratılarıydı.
A) unless larger numbers were involved
B) where losses have been more dramatic
C) when the imbalance will have to be
corrected
D) that organisms may suffer in unpredictable
ways
E) which were notorious for fluctuating widely

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39. Meteorites provide the best available data 41. Her biri farklı öykü anlatan kadın portreleri
about the chemical and physical processes ile tanınan Nuri İyem, Türkiye’nin
that occurred during the first few million olağanüstü yetenekli ressamlarından
years of our solar system’s history. birisidir.

A) Güneş sistemimizin tarihinde, ilk birkaç A) As one of the extraordinarily talented

milyon yıl içinde ortaya çıkmış olan painters in Turkey, Nuri İyem is renowned
kimyasal ve fiziksel oluşumlara ilişkin elde for his portraits of women who all tell
edilebilen en iyi veriler göktaşlarında unique stories.
bulunmaktadır. B) Nuri İyem, who is known for the women
B) Güneş sistemimizin başlangıcındaki birkaç portraits, each of which has a different
milyon yıl içinde meydana gelmiş kimyasal story, is one of the extraordinarily talented
ve fiziksel süreçlerle ilgili kullanılabilir painters in Turkey.
verilerin en iyileri göktaşlarından elde C) Nuri İyem, who is known for his portraits of
edilmiştir. women, each telling a different story, is
C) Göktaşlarının sağladığı veriler, güneş one of Turkey’s extraordinarily talented
sistemimizin tarihinin ilk birkaç milyon yıllık painters.
sürecindeki kimyasal ve fiziksel oluşumları D) As an extraordinarily talented painter, Nuri
anlayabilmemize en büyük katkıyı İyem is a well-known Turkish artist, and
sağlamıştır. the faces of the women he painted each
D) Güneş sistemimizin ilk birkaç milyon yıllık seems to be telling us an individually
tarihinde meydana gelen kimyasal ve unique story.
fiziksel süreçlerle ilgili verilerin en güvenilir E) Nuri İyem, well-known for his portraits of
olanları göktaşlarından sağlanmıştır. women who told him their personal
E) Göktaşları, güneş sistemimizin tarihinin ilk stories, was one of the extraordinarily
birkaç milyon yılında meydana gelmiş olan talented painters in Turkey.
kimyasal ve fiziksel süreçler hakkında
mevcut en iyi verileri sağlar. 42. Bilgisayarlar artan yararlarıyla yaşamı
kolaylaştırsalar da, kullanımları daha yaygın
40. Çin, yaklaşık 160 milyon kişinin, kıyı hâle geldikçe, onları kötüye kullanma
şehirlerinde iş aramak için kırsal kesimden olasılığı da artmaktadır.
ayrılmasıyla 1978’den beri tarihteki en
büyük iç göçü yaşamıştır. A) Despite the fact that computer misuse is
growing as computer use becomes more
A) China has witnessed the biggest internal widespread, no one can deny that
migration since 1978, with over 160 million computers make life easier with their
people leaving rural areas to work in increasing efficacy.
coastal cities. B) It is true that as computer use becomes
B) Since 1978, China has experienced the more widespread, the possibility of misuse
biggest internal migration in history, with also grows, but the fact that computers
nearly 160 million people leaving rural make life easier with their increasing
areas to seek work in coastal cities. efficacy remains.
C) Since 1978, China experienced one of the C) Although computers make life easier with
largest internal migrations in history, with their increasing efficacy, as they become
nearly 160 million citizens leaving rural more widespread, the possibility of their
areas to look for work in big cities. misuse also grows.
D) Since 1978, China has recorded the D) Even if computers made life easier with
internal migration of 160 million families their increasing efficacy, as computer use
leaving rural places to seek jobs in coastal became more widespread, the possibility
cities. of its misuse also grew.
E) Since 1978, China has encountered the E) Computers make life easier with their
biggest internal migration, with nearly 160 increasing efficacy; as a result, as
million people who left rural places and computer use becomes more widespread,
moved to coastal cities. the possibility of misuse also broadens.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 44. It is maintained in the passage that although
cevaplayınız. more than 50 per cent of paper used is
recycled ----.

The world now recycles just over 50 per cent of the

paper it uses. Reprocessing plants are being A) there is still much dependence in the
established in most countries. However, trees will paper industry on the use of wood pulp
never be fully spared because of the use of wood B) the world’s paper industry is still in its
fibres themselves. Pure pulp is rich in water, which early stages and needs to upgrade itself in
provides for ample hydrogen bonding that holds terms of efficiency and cost
fibres together when made into paper. But each C) most countries regard this as minimal and,
time a fibre is cleaned, de-inked and dried in a therefore, encourage the establishment of
reprocessing plant, only 80 per cent of the bonds more paper plants
are recovered. After four or five recyclings, a fibre D) this is not enough to save forests from
can no longer make strong enough bonds. total destruction due to widespread
Engineers can do little that is economically viable to exploitation
overcome this physical limitation, so they focus on E) engineers are working hard to develop
reducing the cost of reprocessing fresher fibres. new technologies in order to increase the
One main challenge is finding a better way to amount to 80 per cent
neutralize “stickies”, which is the mess of adhesives
from stamps, labels, seals, tape, magazine spines
and various other sources, that jam the machinery. 45. It is pointed out in the passage that as the
The industry has been working for a decade to find number of recyclings increases ----.
a chemical process that will break down stickies, but
no full solution has been found yet.
A) the dependence on wood fibres will no
longer be necessary
B) less and less pure pulp will be used in the
43. According to the passage, in the recycling paper industry
of waste paper, ----. C) the problem of adhesives becomes less
and less serious and urgent
D) the cost of reprocessing is reduced to a
A) engineers have developed a chemical
viable level
process to get rid of adhesives
E) the ability of a fibre to make strong bonds
B) it is essential that, among other chemical
decreases
procedures, de-inking is first to be
completed to enable fibres to bond
strongly 46. It is pointed out in the passage that
C) there is actually no need to depend on engineers in the paper industry ----.
pure pulp since the fibres are adequately
bonded
D) various countries have developed new A) do not regard “stickies” in waste paper as
techniques except for an effective solution a serious challenge
for the removal of “stickies” B) have made a breakthough in
E) one serious and costly handicap is the strengthening the bonding capacity of
problem of adhesives that get stuck in the recycled fibres
machines C) are mostly interested in reducing the cost
of reprocessing the fresher fibres found in
waste paper
D) do not consider the recycling of waste
paper to be a viable way of making profit
E) maintain that wood fibres make better
paper although it can cost much more

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. It is clear from the passage that the fall of
cevaplayınız. Berlin in 1945 to the Allies and the Soviet
Union ----.

Today, the Berlin Crisis of 1961, in which the Soviet

A) resulted from the establishment of the so-
Union demanded that Western powers cut their ties
called “iron curtain” between East and
with Berlin, may be the most forgotten crisis in the
West Germany
annals of the Cold War. Even most Berliners who
B) was one of a series of political crises, the
lived through the event remember little about it. Yet
most serious of which was the one in 1961
this crisis over Berlin brought America and the
C) followed the division of Germany into East
Soviet Union, the two superpowers of the post-
and West
World War II period, close to war. In fact, since the
D) clearly represented the final defeat and
very end of World War II, Berlin had been the
collapse of Nazi Germany
centrepiece of a struggle between these two
E) completely undermined Nazi Germany’s
superpowers. It was here that World War II ended in
political and military ambitions to conquer
1945 when, following the occupation and defeat of
Europe
Nazi Germany by the allied armies of the United
49. In the passage, the writer points out that,
States, Britain, and France from the west, and the
paradoxically, ----.
Soviet Union from the east, the city had been
captured and divided into the separate zones of
A) even if America did not want the Soviet
East and West Berlin. Soon afterwards Germany
Union to capture Berlin completely, it
had itself split into East and West, and the border
acted fast and moved into West Berlin
between the two had become the dividing line (the
B) since the Allies and the Soviet Union
so-called “iron curtain”) between Sovietcontrolled
fought in World War II against Nazi
Eastern Europe and free, capitalist Western Europe.
Germany, in fact they cooperated in many
Thus, situated behind this iron curtain and stuck a
respects, including the capture of Berlin
hundred miles inside Eastern territory, West Berlin
C) although the 1961 Berlin crisis almost led
was claimed, protected and supplied by the Western
to a military confrontation between
powers. In 1948, Stalin imposed a blockade, cutting
America and the Soviet Union, for most
West Berlin off from its Western suppliers. The
residents of Berlin today it has lost its
United States responded with an airlift, keeping the
significance
zone alive for more than 300 days before Allied
D) despite their alliance during World War II,
access was restored.
the United States, Britain and France each
had conflicting policies towards Nazi
47. As one learns from the passage, West Berlin
Germany
----.
E) while Berliners experienced many
hardships under the Soviet occupation of
A) received so much American aid during the
their city, they did not show any resistance
Cold War that its people enjoyed a
comfortable life
50. The point is made in the passage that,
B) was recognized by the Soviet Union
during the early decades of the Cold War, ---
during the Cold War as a separate
-.
American territory
C) was, during the Cold War, far more
A) the United States and its allies were totally
prosperous and secure than East Berlin
indifferent to the political implications of
D) made an alliance during the Cold War with
the socalled “iron-curtain”
the United States against a possible
B) the United States and the Soviet Union
Soviet invasion
were locked in political conflict over Berlin
E) was able to survive the Soviet blockade in
C) the Soviet Union followed a policy of
1948 through relief provided by the United
peace and friendship towards the United
States
States and its allies
D) Berliners regarded the Allied and Soviet
occupation of their city as a relief from the
Nazi regime
E) the United States and the Soviet Union
reached an agreement on the question of
how Germany was to be divided

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. It is clear from the passage that the
cevaplayınız. treatment of schizophrenia through the use
of drugs ----.

The causes of schizophrenia are unknown, although

A) is most suitable especially in the case of
the disease has a strong genetic component.
twins with identical genes
Studies of identical twins show that if one twin has
B) is the most effective therapy which is
schizophrenia, there is a 50% chance that the other
commonly practised in the medical world
twin will have it, too. Since identical twins share
C) has serious drawbacks and, hence, is
identical genes, this indicates that schizophrenia
often disrupted
has an equally strong environmental component,
D) also has to take into account the patient’s
the nature of which has not been identified. Current
social environment
treatments for schizophrenia focus on brain
E) is least concerned with the role of
pathways that use dopamine as a neurotransmitter.
dopamine in the brain
Despite their ability to alleviate symptoms, many of
the drugs used to treat schizophrenia have such
54. As one learns from the passage, the current
negative side effects that patients frequently stop
genetic studies of schizophrenia ----.
taking them. Now that the human genome has been
sequenced, there is a vigorous effort under way to
A) also focus on the families in which the
find the mutant genes that predispose a person to
disease has a high rate of occurrence
the disease. This effort includes sequencing DNA
B) have already produced positive results for
from families with a high incidence of schizophrenia.
more efficient therapies
C) are mostly concerned with cases of twins
51. As one understands from the passage,
and how they can be treated effectively
identification of genetic mutations that
D) have already radically changed the norms
contribute to schizophrenia ----.
of treatment for the disease
E) totally leave out the role of the
A) can only be useful in the treatment of the
environmental component in the incidence
disease if the use of drugs is also
of the disease
continued
B) will take a very long time before an
effective treatment for the disease can be
developed
C) is being actively pursued
D) is not a solution since there are different
forms of the disease
E) has led to a wide range of new therapies
that are particularly effective for the
disease

52. It is suggested in the passage that an

environmental influence ----.

A) is not of primary importance in

understanding the type of schizophrenia a
patient has
B) must be completely ruled out in the
diagnosis of schizophrenia
C) need not be taken into account in a
genetic study of schizophrenia
D) is also considered to be as significant as
the genetic factor in schizophrenia
E) has a very minimal share in a patient’s
predisposition to schizophrenia

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 56. As one understands from the passage, in
cevaplayınız. the aftermath of September 11, Muslims in
America ----.

Four years ago in 2003, when Paul Barrett first

began planning an ambitious book on Muslims in A) experienced a wide range of economic
America, who would have thought that the topic handicaps and political setbacks
would still be of such urgent interest by the time it B) formed a group that ambitiously pursued
was published early this year? But, if anything, their professional objectives
intervening events have made Barrett’s exploration C) began to resist full assimilation into
of American Muslims more timely and important American society and culture
than ever. With the United States even more deeply D) began, according to Barrett, to be
embroiled in warfare in Iraq and Afghanistan, with regarded as potentially dangerous
sectarian conflict exploding within the Muslim world, E) were involved in sectarian conflicts that
with tensions high among Muslim populations in divided them politically
Europe, and with relations strained between some
leaders of the Christian and Islamic religions,
readers need as much information as they can get 57. It is suggested in the passage that although
about Islam and its adherents. In his book, Barrett Barrett’s book was published four years
notes that, despite being targets of suspicion in the after its initial planning in 2003, ----.
wake of the attacks of September 11, Muslims in
America, as a group, offer a perfect illustration of
old-fashioned American assimilation. Overall, they A) it has captured the attention of the reading
are prosperous, well-educated, politically active, and public due to the events that took place
successful in business and the professions. during this period
B) the facts that it relayed about Muslims in
America had already been revealed to the
reading public
55. It is clear from the passage that Paul C) the war in Iraq was deliberately excluded
Barrett’s book ----. from it because of the uncertainty about
the outcome
D) its predictions about the consequences of
A) presents a socially, politically and
the American involvement in the Middle
economically very positive picture of
East were proven by the developments
Muslims in America
during this period
B) focuses completely on the political
E) it dwelt solely on a comparison of
achievements of Muslims in America
Christianity and Islam, leaving out a
C) seems to present a somewhat cynical
number of other important current issues
view of the way of life of American
Muslims
D) is mainly concerned with how the wars in 58. According to the passage, there are several
Iraq and Afghanistan have affected reasons ----.
American Muslims
E) has failed to arouse any significant
interest among American Muslim readers A) why the relations between the Christian
and Muslim leaders in Europe have been
broken
B) that can be put forward for the American
involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan
C) for the sectarian conflicts that are taking
place in Iraq and elsewhere in the Muslim
world
D) why readers should be attracted by any
study, such as Barrett’s, related to Islam
and Muslims
E) for the war in Iraq, which has already
increased tensions between the United
States and Europe

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. It is clearly pointed out in the passage that it
cevaplayınız. is very hard to ----.

One of the most pressing international priorities is to A) reach an international understanding that
control the dissemination of nuclear materials that the dissemination of nuclear materials
could be used in attacks by terrorists or rogue must be fully controlled
states. Nuclear materials contain unstable isotopes, B) trace how highly-enriched uranium can be
which emit x-rays and gamma rays. The smuggled and marketed internationally
characteristic energies of these photons provide a C) distinguish between gamma rays emitted
fingerprint revealing which radioactive isotopes are by nuclear materials used for constructive
present. Unfortunately, some isotopes that occur in or destructive purposes
benign applications emit gamma rays with energies D) force rogue states to give up their efforts
that are very similar to those emitted by materials to develop nuclear weapons
used in weapons, which leads to ambiguous E) identify all radioactive isotopes that emit x-
identifications and false alarms. This problem has rays and gamma rays
been worrying the United States, which is installing
thousands of radiation portal monitors to detect the
gamma rays emitted by nuclear materials carried by 61. As pointed out in the passage, the United
vehicles crossing the Canadian and Mexican States ----.
borders. One of the worst fears of the authorities is
that terrorists might smuggle highly-enriched
uranium into the country to build a crude Hiroshima- A) is so worried about the dissemination of
style atomic bomb. nuclear materials that it is making every
effort to isolate rogue states
B) has started taking technological
precautions along its Canadian and
59. The point is made in the passage that an Mexican borders to control the entry of
issue of extremely compelling urgency in nuclear materials into the country
the world ----. C) is confident that the only type of atomic
bomb terrorists or rogue states can build
will be no better than a Hiroshima-style
A) is to ensure that nuclear materials are
one
used not in weapons but in benign
D) strongly maintains that nuclear materials
applications
should be used only in useful and benign
B) has been the international threat posed
applications
against the United States by terrorists and
E) claims that the nuclear materials used in
rogue states
weapons are controlled strictly to prevent
C) is to make sure that nuclear energy
any leakage
facilities are much safer and more reliable
than ever
D) has been to find out how rogue states 62. As one understands from the passage, the
have come to possess highly-enriched kind of radioactive isotopes present in
uranium nuclear materials are ----.
E) is the prevention of the spread of nuclear
materials, serving the aims of terrorists
and rogue states A) more useful for weapons than for any
other purpose
B) only revealed when they are activated for
any use
C) those which mostly emit a large amount of
gamma rays
D) identified by the energies typical of their
nature
E) those that emit far more energy if uranium
is highly enriched

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Jill :- Water is one of our most
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi valuable resources and yet we waste so much
bulunuz. of it.
Kevin :- Certainly, but there’s no end to
the supply of water. I mean it’s not like oil.
63. Carrie :- Did you know that the moon
Jill :- ----
was actually once a part of the Earth?
Kevin :- I don’t agree. I think that’s going
Steven :- Of course! Didn’t you know
a bit too far. We’ll never fight over water.
that?
Carrie :- ----
A) Do you think we will ever run out of water?
Steven :- That’s right, especially when
B) Of course it isn’t. Oil is much more
you think that the moon looks so barren and the
valuable than water.
Earth is so rich in life.
C) You can’t compare these two, as they are
completely different.
A) No, I didn’t. I only heard all about it
D) No, it isn’t, but it is still precious and could
yesterday in physics class
potentially lead to wars.
B) Yes, but it is hard to believe how such a
E) Where does the idea of water wars come
lifeless thing was once a part of the Earth.
from?
C) I did, and it’s amazing that astronauts
have travelled to the moon and back.
66. Emel :- We need to get together and
D) Yes, but I don’t believe it and I don’t think
work on our presentation.
it has been proven by scientists yet.
Elif :- I don’t know when we could do
E) Definitely, and the moon’s craters were
that. I’m really busy at the moment.
initially formed by asteroids crashing into
Emel :- ----
it.
Elif :- That’s unfair! You know I want
to work on it just as much as you do.
64. Jane :- Did you know that women's
spines curve up to 60% more by the end of
A) You need to help me finalize it.
their pregnancy than before?
B) Do you have a problem working with me?
John :- ----.
C) You’ve always got an excuse for not doing
Jane :- Such realignment could stress
it.
their backs, but women’s spines are stronger
D) Do you think you work less than I do?
because they have larger joints that go farther
E) We’re going to have to work really hard.
down the spine than in men.
John :- Well, I guess it's lucky that
67. Bill :- I was shocked to see that there
men’s backs don't need to support the weight of
are still children suffering from rickets.
a baby.
Joe :- Actually, there is no cause for
such a disease to still exist.
A) How can pregnant women support such
Bill :- ----
weight?
Joe :- Just a simple treatment of
B) Researchers believe that these
vitamin D is enough.
adaptations are millions of years old.
C) Adaptations such as this reduce strain on
A) What needs to be done to stop this
the back.
disease?
D) How can pregnant women stand upright
B) What is the reason for this?
with such pressure on their backs?
C) Do doctors have any idea what still
E) Doesn’t that damage the spines of the
causes it?
pregnant women?
D) Does it only affect children or do adults
also suffer from it?
E) How long has this disease been around?

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 71. Millions of Germans are uneasy about the
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. prospect of reform because they fear the
process will be painful, but they suspect
that in the long run it will have to come.
68. Social behaviour depends very much on the
information we collect about other people.
A) As they expect the process of reform will
prove extremely painful, millions of
A) Our social behaviour reflects to some
Germans are reluctant to admit that in the
extent what we feel about the people
end it will have to come.
around us.
B) Though it's obvious that, sooner or later
B) The conduct of he people around us
reform is inevitable, the feeling among a
dictates our own social behaviour.
lot of people in Germany is that it should
C) Our knowledge of others has a
be postponed for as long as possible.
considerable effect upon our social
C) A great many people in Germany find the
behaviour.
likelihood of reform worrying as they are
D) Our attitude towards the people we come
afraid it will prove unpleasant, but they
into contact with is naturally reflected in
have a feeling that in the end it will be
our social behaviour.
inevitable.
E) As we collect information about other
D) Since the process of reform promises to
people the way we behave towards them
be unpleasant, the majority of Germans
may alter radically.
are trying to pretend that it need never
happen.
69. There are few large firms where the top
E) Though they admit that there is a need for
people are willing to admit that they don't
reform, millions of Germans nevertheless
know something.
fear the process, which will inevitably be
painful, and seek to postpone it.
A) There are few people at the top of a large
company who need to admit they don't
know something.
B) In the really top firms it's rare that people 72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
will admit to being ignorant about anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
anything. cümleyi bulunuz.
C) It's only the top people in a company of
any standing that have the courage to 72. Only a few large meteorites have struck the
admit ignorance on any point. earth. The largest we know about fell in
D) It's not often that the people in charge of a Arizona and made what is now called Meteor
large company are willing to confess their Crater, a hole about a mile across and 600
ignorance on any matter. feet deep. ----. Other big meteorites fell in
E) There are only a few firms, in which the ancient times, in Texas, in Argentina, in
directors ever dare to share their northern Siberia and in Greenland.
knowledge with others.
A) When a meteor reaches the earth, it is
70. A good book review lets you know whether called a meteorite
it's the sort of book you want to read or not. B) This big meteorite may have fallen as
much as twenty-five thousand years ago
A) To be good, a book review has to C) The amazing thing about these meteor
establish who would enjoy reading it. showers is that they come year after year
B) One ought to be able to understand from a D) Most meteors are small, probably a few
book review which books are worth inches in diameter
reading. E) The most remarkable meteor shower was
C) The prime function of any book review seen in Connecticut on the night of
should be to establish whether or not a November 12, 1833
book is worth reading.
D) According to book reviews, all books are
worth reading.
E) You can understand from a good book
review whether or not it's the kind of book
you enjoy.

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73. This year researchers from some 60 nations 75. Museums in England used to receive a grant
are participating in the International Polar from the government that covered the cost
Year, an intensive burst of interdisciplinary of running the museum. However, these
research focusing on the polar regions. ----. grants have been abolished or reduced.
For instance, water from the melting ice They now charge for admission and need to
sheet is flowing into the North Atlantic much attract large numbers of visitors. In order to
faster than scientists had previously persuade people that it is worth paying for a
thought possible. quite expensive admission ticket, museums
have tried to make their exhibitions brighter
A) Greenland, especially, has become a kind and more appealing. ----.
of barometer for the rest of the world
because of its sensitivity to climate A) Museums generally seek commercial
changes sponsorship to increase their income,
B) Climatologists have found that the best which keeps falling.
places to study global warming are the B) In recent years, there have been many
coldest regions on Earth changes in the way museums present
C) Thus far, the data the researchers have their exhibits to the public.
seen has been alarming C) One of the biggest changes to take place
D) A glacier that accelerates with a warming in recent years is that large numbers of
atmosphere is within the realm of scientific teachers are employed by the museums.
expectation D) Many museums now have 'interactive
E) Arctic climatologist Konrad Steffen has exhibits', which means that you can, in
spent 18 consecutive springs on the fact, touch the exhibits.
Greenland ice cap, personally building E) There are large gift shops around selling
and installing the weather stations books and reproductions, which are often
more crowded than the museum itself.
74. Language is our primary means for
communicating thought. ----. Every human 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
society has a language, and every human okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
being of normal intelligence learns his or bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
her native language and uses it effortlessly.
76. (I) We have moved backwards in the last 50 or
A) As a result, some languages are more so years. (II) An international collaboration
complex than others similar to the one that gave birth to Concorde is
B) Moreover, it is a universal means unthinkable under present day conditions. (III)
C) Rules for combining these speech sounds It's not that the technology isn't available or
make it possible to produce thousands of even that a prestigious aircraft wouldn't be
words financially viable. (IV) The story of Concorde's
D) A foreign language is more difficult to long and challenging journey to full commercial
learn flight certification is one of the most notable
E) Every human language has these developments in aviation history. (V) It's more
properties that the will and daring that made Concorde
possible aren't part of the scene today, in the
way they were in the 1960s.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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77. (I) The rulers in Tehran had thought that 80. (I) No other food product has chocolate’s
perception was more significant than the actual magical ability to take so many different forms.
security. (II) Iran is the 21st century equivalent (II) Poured into moulds in liquid form, it may
of 1930’s Russia – a puzzle wrapped in a reappear in the shape ofbars, individual shells
mystery. (III) However, the Iranians have not to be filled, or sweets. (III) Also, with the
come across with this state coincidentally. (IV) addition of flour, it becomes a delicious
Rather, the Iranian government has a pudding. (IV) Most people prefer to eat
deliberate policy aimed at confusing the outside chocolate after meals. (V) Additionally, it may
world about its goals. (V) Given that intent, it is be used in making various kinds of cake.
not surprising that Washington has had such a
difficult time formulating a successful Iran A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
policy.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) Apartheid is the legal and political

endorsement or institutionalization of
discrimination. (II) Even though South Africa
has much to offer investors, its government has
come under attack for its foreign policy. (III) It
involves the assigning of an individual at birth
into a certain class of citizen. (IV) In the case,
for example, of the apartheid regime in South
Africa, this classification depended on skin
colour and four classes existed – white,
coloured, Asian, and black. (V) Indeed, in the
South African case, this distinction was made
before birth, in so far as pregnant women could
only be treated by doctors of their own skin
colour.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) In a competitive global market, all that

employers can afford to care about is profit and
cost. (II) Male participation in the American
work force fell from 80per cent in 1970 to 75
per cent in 2000, while female participation rose
from 43 to 60 per cent. (III) One result of this is
that record numbers of men are moving back in
with their parents. (IV) It seems they would
rather remain unemployed than pursue
traditionally female jobs such as nursing or
teaching, despite severe shortages in these
professions.(V) The trend is much the same in
Europe, where many unemployed men sit and
wait for the labour market of their fathers’ and
grand fathers’ time to return.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 39 5. Since total sleeping time is likely to

decrease with age, older people may find
going to bed later or---- earlier helpful.
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) getting up
B) making out
1. Some evidence suggests that weight C) breaking down
training can raise HDL if undertaken D) keeping off
regularly, but frequent and sustained E) taking away
aerobic activity may be more ---- in lowering
LDL and raising HDL. 6. Few people know that many research
projects are ---- solely by the EU.
A) tentative
B) irrelevant A) settled down
C) factual B) put up with
D) effective C) written up
E) protective D) set out
E) carried out
2. Generally considered to be the greatest
composer of the 20th century, Igor 7. In Belfast, where dependence on just two
Stravinsky’s long life ---- continents, industries ---- to massive unemployment, a
cultures and eras. new policy was soon introduced whereby
new industries ---- encouraged.
A) fetched
B) reversed A) leads / will be
C) spanned B) has led / had been
D) magnified C) would lead / are
E) acquired D) had led / were
E) will lead / has been
3. Although most scientists agree that our
planet will continue to warm, they disagree 8. The Earth ---- more solar energy in one hour
over how ---- the warming will proceed. than the whole world ---- in a year.

A) hideously A) has received / will be consuming

B) suitably B) is receiving / is consuming
C) profoundly C) received / would consume
D) rapidly D) receives / could consume
E) decadently E) had received / consumed

4. Organized youth camps provide young 9. Ankara University was established in 1925,
people with not only different forms of and many faculties, institutes and schools
outdoor ---- but also training in co-operation, have since been set up within it, the first of -
initiative, and resourcefulness. --- was the Faculty of Law.

A) sustenance A) it
B) irresponsibility B) which
C) permanence C) those
D) relevance D) that
E) recreation E) some

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10. ---- scientists can tell, our prehistoric 15. Ancient Pompeii, destroyed in A.D. 79 ---- an
ancestors lived in relatively small groups eruption of Vesuvius, lay buried ---- rock and
where they knew everyone else in the ash until the 18th century.
group.
A) by / under
A) Despite the fact that B) at / for
B) Apart from C) with / below
C) As far as D) in / on
D) As much as E) through / over
E) Unlike
16. Detroit, the largest city in Michigan, is
11. What you say about the problem may be situated ---- the southeastern part ---- the
true in theory, ---- in practice it does not state.
contribute to the solution of the problem.
A) in / of
A) when B) at / on
B) so that C) along / from
C) although D) by / through
D) for E) within / for
E) because

12. The most rewarding aspect of taking

photographs is to be able to immortalize on
your film people’s hearts, smiles, and soul --
-- you can always feel like you are a part of
their world.

A) while
B) as though
C) so that
D) whereas
E) whenever

13. The first English immigrants to what is now

the United States ---- the Atlantic long after
colonies ---- in Mexico and South America.

A) would be crossing / must have been

established
B) had crossed / were established
C) will be crossing / have been established
D) cross / are established
E) crossed / had been established

14. Children’s first experiment with paint begin -

--- many rhythmic brushings back and forth
---- the paper.

A) with / across
B) by / on
C) within / over
D) through / for
E) off / from

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

The European Parliament is comprised of 626 Music educators give us many good reasons for
members. It (17) ---- significantly stronger since its playing. It is said to feed our intelligence and (22) ---
inception. (18) ----, the Parliament was simply an - our self-esteem. It removes us from the anxieties
advisory body, but its responsibilities were widened of daily life, placing us in the curious world of self-
(19) ---- the Single European Act and Treaty of the expression, (23) ---- the linear passage of time
European Union of 1993. Three major seems to vanish. Of course, the roots of British
responsibilities of the Parliament are legislative musicianship go far deeper than a list of healthy
power, control over the budget and supervision of lifestyle tips. Britain‘s history has shaped a great
executive (20) ----. The European Commission (21) diversity of musical traditions, many of which (24) ---
---- community legislation to the Parliament. The - flourish. The patchwork of Anglo-Saxon and Celtic
Parliament must approve the legislation before nations, the myths of a rural idyl created (25) ----
submitting it to the Council for adoption. rapid urbanization, the close relationship with
America and the immigration from the West Indies,
17. south Asia and Africa – all (26) ---- to the wealth of
A) became music literature and recordings.
B) had become
C) has become 22.
D) would become A) raise
E) becomes B) appreciate
C) afflict
18. D) represent
A) Further E) provoke
B) Consequently
C) Occasionally 23.
D) Initially A) wherever
E) Accordingly B) which
C) where
19. D) how
A) on E) whom
B) at
C) over 24.
D) in A) then
E) through B) still
C) thus
20. D) almost
A) decisions E) too
B) reasons
C) obstacles 25.
D) results A) of
E) commodities B) in
C) at
21. D) with
A) determines E) by
B) requires
C) presents 26.
D) recognizes A) have contributed
E) approves B) would contribute
C) had contributed
D) will contribute
E) to have contributed

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. ----, in Brook's narrative every piece of
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. information pushes the story forward.

A) While most novels try to inspire and interest

27. There is a general agreement among car
their readers
manufacturing companies that, ----.
B) Although some literary narrative can focus
hydrogen is likely to be the fuel of choice.
too much on the plot
C) When the protagonist is tolerant and
A) if sulphur emissions had been checked
enlightened and has highminded
B) when oil runs out
convictions
C) as it could have been stored as a gas
D) After each page is turned to reveal the
D) as if no mechanical energy was required
remarkable achievement in the story
E) unless there were giant fuel cells
E) Whereas much literary fiction struggles to
refer backwards
28. ----, they move their bodies according to
complex rhythmic patterns.
32. Since many forms of evidence are in a state
of poor preservation, ----.
A) When books on dance are widely available
B) If dancing is an important part of a culture
A) environmental archaeology is now a well-
C) Since dancing and religion go together in
developed discipline
many cultures
B) we can reconstruct the earlier forms of the
D) As dancers perform in front of an audience
sites
at a festival
C) the work of archaeologists today is harder
E) Although dancing is beneficial for many
than it need have been
people
D) fossils have survived in many dry caves
E) archaeologists will probably have
29. ----, modern grand pianos have metal frames
disregarded them
with heavier strings and can be played
much more loudly.
33. If the global desertification process
continues at its current rate, ----.
A) Since the only instrument symbolizing the
Romantic period is the piano
A) the effects of the environmental changes of
B) Whereas some pianos have a third central
the past few decades have been dramatic
pedal like that of a tambourine
B) more than 60,000 square kilometres of
C) Though many orchestral works are
productive land is being lost every year
arranged for the piano
C) the world will lose much of its arable land to
D) While early pianos are largely made of
barren desert
wood and have a delicate sound
D) 26% of the Earth’s land surface is classified
E) As the glockenspiel piano requires years of
as severely degraded
training to master
E) reforestation programs are being initiated by
governments in a number of countries
30. It is doubtful that the proposal will be
accepted in the parliament ----.
34. Because its habitat is threatened by climate
change, ----.
A) unless there are more important matters to
consider
A) the elephants in Africa have dwindled
B) since it would be considered a tax increase
considerably
by many
B) the survival chances of many species in the
C) after the parliament resumes the new year’s
Amazon area are getting worse
budget-making
C) the polar bear has been the first to be
D) while federal programs must be paid for by
granted protection under the Endangered
federal funding
Species Act
E) whereas the proposal itself is never
D) the Asian tiger’s black-striped yellow fur is
discussed by the committee
very attractive
E) there is a very profitable market for elephant
tusks

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35. Although it is not an automatic correlation, - 38. In 1979, when its alliance with Great Britain
---. ended, Malta sought to guarantee its
neutrality through agreements with other
A) shock-absorbing shoes with cushioned countries.
soles have long been considered better for
runners A) Malta, İngiltere ile ittifakının sona erdiği
B) there are two types of diabetes, Type I and 1979‘da, başka ülkelerle antlaşmalar
Type II yaparak tarafsızlığını güvence altına
C) people who have a family history of cancer almaya çalışmıştır
may be at greater risk for the disease B) Malta, 1979‘da İngiltere ile ittifakına son
D) cholesterol-lowering drugs are covered by vererek, tarafsızlığını güvence altına
the more comprehensive medical-insurance almak için birçok ülke ile antlaşmalar
plans yapmıştır.
E) one’s doctor should inspire a feeling of trust, C) Tarafsızlığını güvence altına almak
not fear amacıyla çeşitli ülkelerle antlaşmalar
yapan Malta, İngiltere ile olan ittifakına
36. ---- that is often associated with extreme 1979‘da son verdi
tiredness. D) İngiltere ile olan ittifakı 1979‘da sona eren
Malta, başka ülkelerle antlaşmalar yapmış
A) Medical investigators decided to study the ve tarafsızlığını güvence altına almıştır
biochemical clock that keeps bodies running E) Çeşitli ülkelerle antlaşmalar yaparak
parallel with the sun tarafsızlığını güvence altına alan Malta,
B) Molecular biologists are feverishly at work İngiltere ile olan ittifakını 1979‘da bitirmiştir
on a new research project
C) Most disorders requiring surgery during 39. The lungs are particularly prone to allergic
pregnancy centre on the abdominal region reactions because they are exposed to large
D) Occupational safety regulations issued by quantities of airborne antigens, including
the USgovernment have resulted in an dusts, pollens, and chemicals.
industry record
E) Rheumatoid arthritis is one example of a A) Akciğerler, toz, polen ve kimyasallar dahil
disease havadan gelen çeşitli antijenlere fazlasıyla
açık oldukları için alerjik reaksiyonlardan
37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye çok etkilenirler.
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe B) Toz, polen ve kimyasallar gibi hava ile
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi gelen pek çok antijene açık olan
bulunuz. akciğerler, alerjik reaksiyonlara oldukça
yatkındırlar
37. It has been estimated that the number of C) Alerjik reaksiyonlara fazlasıyla yatkın olan
tourists visiting China will grow by the end akciğerler, hava ile taşınan toz, polen ve
of this decade to about 50 million. kimyasalların da arasında bulunduğu çok
sayıda antijene açıktırlar.
A) On yıl sonra, Çin’i ziyaret eden turist D) Akciğerler alerjik reaksiyonlara özellikle
sayısında meydana gelecek artışın 50 yatkındır, çünkü toz, polen ve kimyasallar
milyonun üstünde olacağı dahil hava ile taşınan büyük miktardaki
hesaplanmaktadır. antijenlere açıktırlar
B) Önümüzdeki on yılın içinde, Çin’i ziyaret E) Toz, polen ve kimyasallar gibi hava ile
eden turist sayısındaki artışın aşağı yukarı taşınan pek çok antijen, daima bunlara
50 milyon olacağı tahmin ediliyor. açık olan akciğerlerde alerjik reaksiyonlara
C) Tahmin edileceği gibi, bu on yılın yol açar.
sonunda, Çin’i ziyaret eden turist sayısı
artarak yaklaşık 50 milyonu bulacaktır.
D) Çin’i ziyaret eden turist sayısındaki artışın
50 milyona ulaşmasının yaklaşık on yılı
bulacağı tahmin ediliyor.
E) Çin’i ziyaret eden turist sayısının bu on
yılın sonuna kadar yaklaşık 50 milyona
yükseleceği tahmin edilmektedir.

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40. Pek çok çalışma; sigara içenlerin sigara 42. Bir barajın inşası başlamadan önce,
içmeyi bıraktıklarında yaklaşık olarak on mühendisler, barajın ağırlığını kaldırmaya
gün sürebilecek huzursuzluk, endişe ve baş yetecek kadar güçlü bir temel
ağrısı gibi geçici belirtilere rağmen daha iyi sağlayacağından emin olmak için, önerilen
uyuduklarını göstermiştir. bölgenin jeolojik yapısını incelerler.

A) Recent studies have shown that when A) In order for the construction of a dam to
smokers quit smoking, they need to sleep begin, the proposed site should first be
in order to recover from symptoms such surveyed by geological engineers so that
as restlessness, anxiety and headache, they can make sure the foundation of the
which can persist for about ten days. proposed site will be strong enough to
B) Numerous studies have shown that when support the weight of the dam.
smokers quit smoking, they sleep better B) Before the construction of a dam begins,
for a period of up to ten days even though engineers survey the geology of the
they may experience restlessness, anxiety proposed site to make sure that it will
and headache. provide a foundation strong enough to
C) Recent studies have shown that when support the weight of the dam.
smokers experience restlessness, anxiety C) Before they start constructing a dam,
and headache, they lose sleep for a geologists and engineers must survey the
period which can last up to ten days. proposed site, as its foundations may not
D) Numerous studies have shown that be strong enough to support the weight of
restlessness, anxiety and headache cause the dam.
smokers to lose sleep for a period of time, D) Prior to the construction of a dam, the
but this only lasts up to ten days. geology of the proposed site should be
E) Numerous studies have shown that when surveyed by engineers, as they want to
smokers quit smoking, they sleep better in make sure that it has a strong foundation
spite of temporary symptoms such as capable of supporting the weight of the
restlessness, anxiety and headache, dam.
which can persist for about ten days. E) By the time the construction of a dam
begins, engineers must have surveyed the
41. Bakmadan ya da dokunmadan kol ve geological features of the proposed area,
bacaklarımızın nerede olduğunu ve üzerinde in case its foundations are not strong
durduğumuz zeminde nasıl hareket enough to support the weight of the dam.
edebildiğimizi biliyoruz.

A) By looking or touching, we know where

our arms and legs are and how we can
learn walking on the ground that we stand
on.
B) Without looking or touching, we know
where our arms and legs are and how we
can move on the ground that we stand on.
C) We do not need to look at or touch our
bodies to understand where we are and
how we can move on the ground that we
stand on.
D) Only by looking and touching do we know
where our arms and legs are and how we
can walk on the ground that we stand on.
E) Although we don’t look at or touch
anything, we know where our arms and
legs are and how we can move on the
ground on which we stand

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. It is clear from the passage that, the queries
cevaplayınız. and manuscripts sent to an editor’s office ----
.

Editors have two primary functions which

A) are meticulously examined with a view to
sometimes overlap finding / selecting manuscripts,
making books
then polishing them for publication. Acquisitions
B) are rarely of any interest to the editorial
editors perform the first chore. The approach they
staff
adopt depends on several factors. The idea for a
C) will almost always result in a publication
college text, for example, usually originates inside
D) seldom receive the attention they deserve
the publishing house; the acquisition editor’s job is
E) are of vital importance in the search for a
then to choose a suitable author to produce the
suitable writer for a given text
manuscript. In a trade book division, on the other
hand, the acquisitions editor may be more passive,
carefully reading manuscripts and queries that are
46. We understand from the passage that an
mailed in, then recommending the best of these for
acquisitions editor, working on college
development as a book. In the former case, the
texts, will probably ----.
acquisitions editor may be knowledgeable in a given
area (economics, perhaps, or one of the sciences)
A) have far better skills and qualifications
while the second type might be more of a generalist.
than copyeditors
Copyeditors, who whip the manuscript into shape
B) have started his career in one of the
for the press, must possess a superb background in
branches of the media
English and bring to their work high standards of
C) have taken courses in marketing and
accuracy and thoroughness along with a remarkable
advertising
attention to detail.
D) aim to go on to promote sales
E) have a specialized knowledge of one or
43. According to the passage, editors have two
more fields
primary functions ----.

A) one of which is to write publicity

announcements about the books which
will be published
B) the most crucial of them to prepare
manuscripts for publication
C) which occasionally merge into each other
D) both of which are related to the selection
of books to be published
E) which few publishers can fulfil

44. We learn from the passage that a college

text ----.

A) usually has its starting point in a lecturer’s

notes
B) is always assigned to an author by
copyeditors
C) can only be edited by the original author
D) is harder to edit than a trade book
E) often has its origin in an editor’s office

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. As one understands from the passage, the
cevaplayınız. kidneys play a role ----.

A) in the partial filtration of various types of

Our kidneys excrete metabolic wastes and help
fluids in the body
regulate the volume and composition of body fluids.
B) especially in regard to the concentration of
Their vital function is compromised in more than 13
mercury in the body
million people in the United States who suffer from
C) in the efficient circulation of body fluids
kidney disease. In fact, kidney disease ranks fourth
D) in the body’s response to various
in prevalence among major human diseases in the
infections
United States. Kidney function can be impaired by
E) in relation to the fluids in the body
infections, poisoning by substances such as
mercury, lesions, tumours, kidney stones, shock or
50. The author suggests that ----.
circulatory disease. For instance, one of the most
common kidney diseases both in the United States
A) the spread of kidney disease in the world
and in the world is glomerulonephritis, which is
will continue to increase
related to the damage of the kidney’s filtering units.
B) the immune response may be the cause
The damage is thought to result from an
of the impairment of the kidney’s filtration
autoimmune response.
function
C) the number of people who suffer from
47. As pointed out in the passage,
kidney disease in the United States will
glomerulonephritis ----.
remain stable
D) glomerulonephritis can lead to the growth
A) is the failure of the kidney function caused
of tumours in the kidneys
by various infections and other factors
E) mercury is the only substance that has a
B) is widespread and occurs when the kidney
devastating effect on the kidneys
fails to filter properly
C) becomes a deadly disease when the
kidney’s autoimmune response fails
D) has a limited extent of prevalence
throughout the United States
E) can cause serious damage to the filtering
units of the kidney

48. It is pointed out in the passage that the

kidneys ----.

A) have an autoimmune system which is very

efficient, especially against poisoning
B) have a very efficient filtering system which
is immune to certain infections
C) are responsible only for the excretion of
waste matter from the body
D) can fail to function properly owing to a
wide range of causes
E) can be easily infected once a tumour
begins to grow in them

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. As is emphasized in the passage, there can
cevaplayınız. be no limit to ----.

We commonly speak of both law and laws, and A) the political laws that constitute the totality
these terms, though not used with precision, point to of a country’s legal system
two different aspects under which legal science may B) the number of the laws in a country that
be approached. The laws of a country are thought of are distinct from each other
as separate, distinct, individual rules; the law of a C) an analysis of a country’s law, however
country, however much we may analyse it into extensive the analysis may be
separate rules, is something more than the mere D) what meanings and interpretations laymen
sum of such rules. It is, rather, a whole, a system can make of the laws of a country
which orders our conduct and in which the separate E) the variety of laws that can be included
rules have their place and their relation to each within the law of a country
other and to the whole. Moreover, it is never
completely exhausted by any analysis, however far
the analysis may be pushed, and however much the 54. As can be understood from the passage, the
analysis may be necessary to our understanding of laws of a country, ----.
the whole. Thus, each rule which we call a law is
part of the whole we call the law. Lawyers generally
speak of law; laymen more often of laws. A) though varied and numerous, embody a
common goal for the country’s peace and
prosperity
B) which lawyers are expected to interpret
51. It is pointed out in the passage that, in legal precisely, indicate the efficiency of the
science, the term “law” ----. legal system
C) whether understood properly or
misinterpreted, are necessary for the well-
A) is very ambiguous and cannot be clearly
being of society
defined due to the variety of meanings it
D) which can also be understood accurately
has
by laymen, are seldom related to each
B) signifies a whole which, as a system,
other
embodies all the separate rules referred to
E) though separate and distinct from each
as laws
other, are essentially interrelated
C) refers to the different aspects of a
country’s legal system and, hence, is
difficult to explain
D) has always been controversial and,
therefore, cannot be interpreted accurately
E) has a limited meaning that does not
deserve any analysis or understanding

52. As regards the use of the terms “law” and

“laws”, the writer claims that ----.

A) there needs to be a common approach

among the lawyers of a country
B) lawyers and the people outside the legal
profession share the same view
C) each country has a different approach
because of its distinct legal system
D) it is not lawyers but laymen who need to
be more precise
E) there is not much clarity since both terms
are often confused

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. According to the passage, Seversky was
cevaplayınız. unable to return to Russia due to ----.

The first documented scheme for in-flight refuelling A) his employment as an aeronautical
came from a young Russian aviator named engineer for the US War Department
Alexander de Seversky. His father owned a plane B) the dangers of international travel at the
and taught him to fly when he was in his early teens. time
In 1917, when he was 23, Seversky proposed a C) changes in the political situation there
method for extending flight: One plane could carry D) the fact that he was an extremely popular
extra fuel and deliver it to another through a hose. aircraft designer
After the Russian Revolution, Russia’s new E) the political nature of the book he
Bolshevik government sent him to the United States published in 1942
to study aircraft design, and he stayed there when
political developments made his return to Russia
dangerous. He got a job as an aeronautical 58. It is clear from the passage that Seversky’s
engineer for the US War Department and was original plan for in-flight refuelling ----.
awarded the world’s first patent for air-to-air
refuelling, in which large fuel tankers would supply
fuel to fighter aircraft while in flight. Seversky went A) was perceived as a threat by the Russian
on to a distinguished career in airplane design and government
achieved perhaps his greatest fame as the author of B) involved the transfer of fuel from one
the influential 1942 book Victory through Air Power. airborne aircraft to another by means of a
He never put his refuelling plan into action, though, hose
and other aviators later came up with ideas of their C) gave him a clear advantage when he was
own. applying for work in the United States
D) was inspired by his aeronautical studies in
America
E) was completely revised, following
55. One understands from the passage that suggestions from the US War Department
although Alexander de Seversky was the
owner of the first patent for in-flight
refuelling ----.

A) the US War Department was uninterested

in his plans
B) his true passion was always flying, which
he learned as a teenager
C) Russia’s Bolshevik government did not
support his schemes
D) his plans were never implemented
E) other inventors made use of his ideas on
aircraft design

56. We see from the passage that Seversky’s

1942 book Victory through Air Power ----.

A) made him more famous than his ideas for

in- flight refuelling
B) was extremely unpopular in Bolshevik
Russia
C) was used as a training manual by the US
War Department
D) extensively detailed his plans for in-flight
refuelling
E) remained unpublished at the time of his
death

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre

cevaplayınız. 61. The author points out that, historically, Africa
----.

The late Chinese Prime Minister, Chou-En Lai, upon

A) has always been on good terms with
being asked whether the French Revolution had
China, especially since the time of Chou-
been a good thing in world history, was reported to
En Lai
have said: “It is still too early to tell.” Watching the
B) has always played a central role in world
Western media analyze the recent emergence of
politics and economic rivalry
China as a major investor in Africa and likely to
C) was completely colonized by Britain but,
become a new factor to rival the historical Euro-
later, came under the Soviet political
American ascendancy in African politics, one is even
influence
more justified in saying that it is “too soon to tell”
D) has always been subject to the European
what the outcome of the Chinese love affair in Africa
and American political hegemony
will be. Besides China, India is also increasingly
E) has suffered a great deal from British
mentioned as a new source of large-scale
economic exploitation and political
investments in Africa. For the moment, the
hegemony
emergence of the Asian superpowers, themselves
once in the sphere of British imperialism, as investors
62. One understands from the passage that the
and trading partners in Africa, seems to offer an
author ----.
opportunity of shaking the “marginalisation” into
which most African countries have fallen since the
A) is not yet sure of the possible
collapse of the Soviet bloc in 1989.
consequences of China’s economic and
political ascendancy in Africa
59. It is clear from the passage that, with the
B) is much impressed by the widespread
growing economic involvement of China and
political improvement in Africa that has
India in Africa, ----.
been ushered in by China
C) displays a hostile attitude towards the
A) the British economic and political interests
Euro-American ascendancy in Africa
in the region can only be maintained
today
through more investments by Britain
D) is particularly interested in Chou-En Lai’s
B) the Western superpowers have apparently
ideas and policies with regard to Africa
lost their political influence in the region
E) is very biased in his assessment of the
C) this continent has clearly been gaining in
Chinese and Indian policies concerning
importance
the future of Africa
D) the Euro-American collaboration in the
region will inevitably come to an end
E) regional governments have begun to
introduce radical measures for the
improvement of the economy

60. According to the passage, it is China, more

than India, that ----.

A) has historically resisted British imperialism

in order to safeguard its own interests in
Africa
B) is in the fore front in Africa as a leading
investor and trading partner
C) was extremely pleased with the collapse of
the Soviet bloc in 1989
D) has attached much importance to the views
of the Western media
E) has been most influenced in its ideology by
the French Revolution

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Larry :- There seems to be no end to
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi the things scientists can invent!
bulunuz. Donald :- ----.
Larry :- Listen to this. Engineers at a
Japanese telecom company have designed a
63. Edward :- I've just quit smoking, but I
head-mounted camera that allows you to take
seem to be coughing more now than before.
photographs with the blink of an eye.
Jill :- That's normal. Your smoking
Donald :- If a camera like that gets into
has destroyed the cilia in your lungs, which act
the wrong hands, it could cause a great deal of
like little brooms for cleaning. Coughing is your
trouble.
body's way of restoring the cilia so they can
sweep out the nicotine accumulated.
A) Are you reading that article on cyber
Edward :- ----
warfare?
.Jill :- Exactly, it's a perfectly normal
B) That’s why they say that necessity is the
bodily response.
mother of invention.
C) You know, I’d love to invent something like
A) I didn’t know it would be so difficult to quit
that.
smoking.
D) In your opinion, what is the best thing ever
B) Our bronchial tubes are coated with
to have been invented?
mucus, which traps germs and dirt.
E) Well, what have you come across this
C) That’s similar to the way our body reacts
time?
to foreign objects.
D) That’s like doing a lot of cleaning in a
66. Sam :- I'm planning to have a holiday at
house that hasn’t been cleaned for a long
a resort in the Caribbean, but people say every
time.
few years this spot is hit by a tropical storm.
E) I should consult a specialist about this
What should I do?
disorder.
Tom :- Officially, the Atlantic hurricane
season is from June 1 to November 30, but
64. Oya :- I wish I could live a simpler life
Mother nature isn't reading calendars. Are you
like people who lived 100 years ago.
a risk taker?
Selin :- Why would you want that? I
Sam :----.
think life must have been really boring back
Tom :- You'd better pick another
then.
destination then, because every once In a while
Oya :- ----
a tropical cyclone hits out of season.
Selin :- You have a point. Sometimes I
feel like throwing away my cell phone and my
A) Perhaps I should do a cruise instead, it
computer.
would be much safer.
B) There is nothing magical in these dates
A) But there was also more simplicity.
and hurricanes have occurred outside of
Nowadays, we spend all our time being
these six months.
overwhelmed with technology.
C) Not at all! I’m not going anywhere near the
B) Maybe, but imagine being alive in the era
hurricane zone during peak months.
of such adventure. Wouldn’t that be
D) I think the odds of enjoying fine weather
exciting?
are very good.
C) True, life was much more difficult for most
E) OK, I’ll go but I’ll be careful. I’ll try to
people. You have to admit though, for
reduce the risk by taking out insurance.
some people it was great.
D) If you don’t like the past, would you prefer
to live at some point in the future?
E) I suppose you are right. I couldn’t imagine
life without the Internet.

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67. Brian :- A 'linguistically gifted person' 69. I suppose most youngsters look forward
means one can innately learn a language more eagerly to the time when they will be
easily than others. financially independent of their parents.
Peter :- So you mean there is a
predisposition that facilitates the learning of one A) The dream of most youngsters is surely to
or more languages. have lots of money of their own to spend
Brian :- ---- as they want.
Peter :- Anyway, gifted or not, whoever B) Presumably, most youngsters long to
wants to learn a language must work hard. have their own money instead of relying
on their parents for it.
A) Of course. There are also people C) Obviously, youngsters can't be
endowed with the ability to sing and play independent of their parents while they
musical instruments. have to ask for money from them.
B) So long as one has lived abroad, it is not D) Naturally, most young people can't wait to
surprising that he or she knows the start earning their own money and so be
language well. independent of their parents.
C) Well, I’m trying to learn this foreign E) I assume that most young people are
language just to read scientific articles in financially dependent on their parents but
my field. wish not to be.
D) Please don’t misunderstand. Not every
gifted person thoroughly learns a foreign 70. She is so anxious not to hurt anyone's
language. feelings that she never calls them to
E) Everyone should have a good account for their actions.
understanding of both the native language
and the foreign language to fully master A) Being so afraid of upsetting people
them both. prevents her from ever questioning what
they are doing.
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en B) If she were less sensitive about other
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. people's feelings, she would be more
critical of what they are doing.
68. Roof insulation will pay for itself within two C) She is too anxious to please people and
years in lower heating costs, or so they this means she can't control them.
claim. D) No one ever listens to her because they
know they can do what they like and she
A) They claimed that roof insulation would won't complain.
reduce heating costs, so that in two years E) That's how she treats people and nobody
you could recover the amount invested. gets upset about it any more.
B) It pays to insulate your roof since you
certainly get back in around two years, 71. I'm not sure, but I have a nasty feeling he
whatever you invest in lowered fuel costs. didn't do at all well at the interview.
C) Roof insulation reduces heating costs so
much that in just two years they guarantee A) Actually, in my opinion, he may have done
that you get back the money you invest in a lot better at the interview than he fears.
it. B) I hope I'm wrong but from what I can
D) They guarantee that money invested in gather he made a real mess of the
roof insulation is recoverable in two years interview.
through reduced fuel costs. C) It's not definite yet, but I suspect he didn't
E) They claim that in under two years you get perform as well as he claims at the
back what you invest in roof insulation interview.
through reduced fuel costs. D) I could be wrong but I'm afraid his
performance at the interview was rather
poor.
E) It's not very nice of me, and I may be
mistaken, but I don't think he was any
good at the interview.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 74. As the hardest substance known, diamond
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek is ideal for cutting rock and other tough
cümleyi bulunuz. stuff. ----For cutting steel, the first choice is
cubic boronnitride, which is almost as hard.
But manufacturing the substance requires
72. Although a soccer ball can be put together
high temperatures and extreme pressures,
in many ways, there is one design so
which make it expensive.
ubiquitous that it has become iconic. This
standard soccerball is glued together from
A) Making ultrahard materials usually
32 polygons, 12 of them five-sided and 20
requires extreme pressures.
six-sided, arranged in such a way that every
B) The hardness of diamond arises because
pentagon (five-sided) is surrounded by
of short, covalent bonds that keep the
hexagons (six-sided). ----. This colour
constituent atoms strongly stuck together.
scheme was introduced for the World Cup in
C) Scientists want to design new hard
1970 to enhance the visibility of the ball on
materials rather than finding them using
television, although the design itself is
trial-and-error methods.
older.
D) But diamond is costly, and it degrades
machining steel and other ferrous metals
A) 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons form a
because of reactions.
figure known to mathematicians as a
E) The method should lead to even less
“truncated icosahedron”
costly, ultrahard compounds.
B) To a mathematician, the iconic black and
white soccer ball is an intriguing puzzle
75. Recent studies have revealed that heart
C) A number of questions can be tackled
disease had plagued man long before fried
about the arrangement of pentagons and
hamburgers and cigarettes came along. For
hexagons using the language of
instance, the upper classes of ancient Egypt
mathematics
were riddled with cardiovascular disease
D) The usual way to colour such a ball is to
that dramatically raised their risk of heart
paint the pentagons black and the
attacks and strokes. Doctors made the
hexagons white
discovery after taking hospital X-ray scans
E) Every soccer ball contains at least 12
of 20 Egyptian mummies that date back
pentagons, but may well contain more
more than 3, 500 years. ---- In some of the
individuals, up to six different arteries were
73. Anaemia is not a disease but a symptom of
affected.
any of a number of different disorders. It can
be caused by poor diet, blood loss,
A) Atherosclerosis is widespread today and,
exposure to industrial poisons, diseases of
despite the differences between ancient
the bone marrow and any other disorder
and modern life styles, it seems to have
that upsets the balance between blood
also been common among ancient
production and blood loss. Mild degrees of
Egyptians.
anaemia often cause nothing more than a
B) It was impossible to determine what kind
lack of energy. ---- This may be
of diet the Egyptians had, but it is known
accompanied by the pounding of the heart
that beef, duck, and goose were often on
and a rapid pulse and heart action.
the menu at this time.
C) The medical team, whose findings were
A) Treatment depends on how rapidly blood
published in a leading American medical
is lost and how severe the anaemia is.
journal, analyzed bones in the mummies
B) This type of anaemia disappears when the
to work out their ages when they had died.
cause has been found and corrected.
D) It was unclear whether atherosclerosis
C) A good basic diet is the best way to
had caused the demise of any of the
combat diet deficiency anaemia.
mummies in the study.
D) However, in more severe cases of
E) The scans revealed signs of
anaemia, exertion causes shortness of
atherosclerosis, a life-threatening
breath.
condition where fat and calcium build up in
E) Many nutrients are needed for red cell
the arteries, clogging them and stiffening
production.
their walls.

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76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 79. (I) Shipping has long been a crucial part of the
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü Egyptian economy. (II) With coastlines on the
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. Mediterranean, the Red Sea and the world
famous Suez Canal, it could hardly be
otherwise. (III) But the government has put a lot
76. (I) In the long march of mankind from the cave
of effort into transforming the sector from a
to the computer, a central role has always been
mere means of transporting goods into and out
played by the idea of law. (II) Law is that
of the country into a much more central part of
element which binds the members of the
the economy. (IV) The country has enjoyed
community together in their adherence to
good tourism revenues in recent years despite
recognized values and standards. (III) Every
earlier security problems and terrorism scares.
society, whether it is large or small, powerful or
(V) It is now attempting to use the country’s
weak, has created for itself a framework of
geographical position to turn it into one of the
principles or rules within which to develop. (IV)
leading transhipment centres in the world.
And what is termed international law involves
nation-states, not individual citizens. (V) What
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
can or cannot be done, permissible acts,
forbidden acts, have all been spelt out within
80. (I) In most of the larger EU countries, labour
the consciousness of that community.
markets are subject to high government
employment taxes and other regulations that
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
prevent labour mobility between industries and
regions. (II) The result has been persistently
77. (I) Although there are considerable cultural
high levels of unemployment. (III) The large-
differences between the various South Asian
scale expansion of the EU raises numerous
nationalities that have come to Britain, there are
challenges for the union, but some of them
certain underlying similarities. (II) Families from
have obvious implications for the Economic and
rural areas in South Asia typically take a more
Monetary Union Project. (IV) Unless labour
extended form. (III) The rebuilding of extended
markets become more flexible, individual
family structures is vital to any community. (IV)
eurozone countries will have difficult time
They include three generations in the
adjusting to changing economic conditions. (V)
household and are organized through a
It is also plausible that workers in different
network of males. (V) They are also strongly
eurozone countries will press for wage
bound together by ideas of brotherhood and
harmonization to reduce migration of capital
family loyalty.
and lessen unemployment.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
78. (I) It’s becoming increasingly difficult for young
people to get married in the Middle East. (II)
While their parents were likely to have been
married by their mid-20s, young people these
days are remaining single till their late-20s. (III)
The main reason is that they cannot afford to
marry. (IV) Those in employment are often in
low-paid jobs and committing your future to a
partner is out of the question. (V) The cost of a
wedding needs to come down.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 40 6. Leaders with different political styles have

launched daring projects to take Japan out
of the economic recession, but in the long
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere run, they may ---- colliding with each other.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) make out
1. Through the ages, drugs have been B) give in
enormously ---- in relieving suffering and in C) act out
preventing and treating diseases. D) fight off
E) end up
A) current
B) persistent 7. It is not good to store a watermelon ---- a
C) beneficial refrigerator as studies have shown that
D) excessive keeping it ---- room temperature significantly
E) profound increases lycopene and beta-carotene
levels.
2. Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska is a German-
born American physician who founded the A) inside / by
New England Hospital for Women and B) on / below
Children and ---- greatly to the acceptance of C) at / around
women as medical professionals. D) within / over
E) in / at
A) pertained
B) attributed 8. The US President and the executive branch
C) owed have responsibility ---- the operation of
D) contributed foreign policy and diplomacy, but this is
E) applied subject ---- significant controls imposed by
Congress.
3. Passing on knowledge to others was once
thought to be a ---- human ability, but A) at / for
several species are proving otherwise. B) from / at
C) on / in
A) uniquely D) for / to
B) hazardously E) to / for
C) rapidly
D) generously 9. ---- being a personal relationship between
E) steadily two people, marriage is one of society’s
most important and basic institutions.
4. Some temperate environments have mild
winters with abundant ----, combined with A) Instead of
extremely dry summers. B) In addition to
C) Because of
A) heat D) In opposition to
B) harvest E) In case of
C) rainfall
D) supply 10. A survey of 1, 449 Finns found that married
E) growth people and people living with a partner were
50% less likely to develop dementia in later
5. His comments ---- a very lively debate on the life, ---- single or divorced people had three
origin of ocean crust. times the risk.

A) put up with A) instead

B) fell into B) otherwise
C) handed over C) even if
D) gave rise to D) since
E) figured out E) whereas

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11. An increasing number of young adults in 16. Investigators ---- various methods over the
India wish to have more choice in the years to search for genes that ---- to
selection of their future wives or husbands - intelligence, which is a so-called
--- they still let their parents arrange their quantitative trait.
marriages.
A) use / will contribute
A) because B) may use / contributed
B) although C) would use / are going to contribute
C) unless D) are using / should contribute
D) until E) have used / might contribute
E) as if

12. Sometimes a snap decision can be ----

effective ---- one made deliberately and
cautiously.

A) more / than
B) either / or
C) so / too
D) much / as
E) most / for

13. If you ---- long hours on the job, most

probably your stress level ----, leaving you
more vulnerable to cravings for unhealthy
food.

A) have worked / had risen

B) are working / will rise
C) worked / is rising
D) had worked / will have risen
E) work / rose

14. Congereels, which ----any large marine eels

of the family Congridae, ---- in shallow
water, hiding in crevices during the day and
are active by night, feeding on fish and
crabs.

A) were to be / used to live

B) used to be / will live
C) are to be / might have lived
D) are / live
E) could be / have lived

15. Scientists in the seventeenth century ---- the

universe as a gigantic clockwork machine
that ---- according to a few straightforward
principles.

A) viewed / worked
B) had viewed / would work
C) have viewed / could have worked
D) would have viewed / had worked
E) may have viewed / had been working

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Since life began, more than 3.5 billion years ago, The health risks of artificial feeding of infants in the
evolution has produced an (17) ---- variety of living industrialized world are now (22) ----. Breast-fed
things. Some (18) ---- as fossils that tell us about infants receive protection (23) ---- many illnesses
how they lived. They show that animal life including gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and
underwent an explosive burst of evolution about 545 otitis media, and have a lower risk of a topic disease
billion years ago. Some of these animals had and insulin-dependent diabetes in childhood, (24) ---
strange body forms that have not been seen since. - women who breast-feed may have less risk of
Furthermore, the first plants moved from water (19) some cancers and hip fractures in later life. In
---- land about 440 million years ago, and by about addition to the health benefits, there are also
325 million years ago, the first flying insects had significant cost implications. The United States
taken to air. (20) ----, there have also been Department of Agriculture has estimated that a
setbacks. (21) ---- at least five occasions, mass minimum of $3.6 billion per year (25) ---- if breast-
extinctions have wiped out huge number of species. feeding rates were increased from current levels to
(26) ---- recommended by the United States
81. Surgeon General.
A) inferior
B) identical
C) approximate 86.
D) impossible A) well-connected
E) enormous B) well-preserved
C) well-established
82. D) well-built
A) have been preserved E) well-kept
B) were to be preserved
C) will be preserved 87.
D) had been preserved A) about
E) would have been preserved B) towards
C) to
83. D) against
A) within E) for
B) above
C) into 88.
D) through A) as if
E) onto B) since
C) while
84. D) as though
A) Moreover E) even if
B) Therefore
C) However 89.
D) Otherwise A) could save
E) Likewise B) were to be saved
C) should save
85. D) would be saved
A) As E) has been saved
B) By
C) From 90.
D) On A) those
E) For B) what
C) whose
D) which
E) them

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. ---- before grapes can be transformed into
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. fine wine.

A) Harvesting was a very costly and tiring

27. ----, which is why it is vital to ensure that it is
process
healthy.
B) Farmers were expecting higher prices
C) Drought does much damage to grape vines
A) The liver is located under the ribs on the
D) The farm workers in France have protested
righthand side of the body
at lower wages
B) Formerly, the liver received little attention
E) There is much work to be done
C) Liver surgery today has advanced
enormously
32. ----, Afghanistan is still a country on edge.
D) The truth is that the liver, as a hard-working
organ, has always received a great deal of
A) As the UN Security Council passed two
medical attention
resolutions in1999 and 2000, demanding
E) The liver is involved in more than 500 body
the Taliban cease their support for terrorism
functions, from detoxification to hormone
B) Unless President Hamid Karzai had an
balance
army of20,000
C) Since 50 per cent of voters braved threats
28. Though there were daunting technical
of insurgent attacks to vote in the
obstacles about the Channel Tunnel to be
September parliamentary elections
overcome, ----.
D) Ever since the Taliban seized control of
Kabul inSeptember 1996
A) the bridge has never been completed
E) Four years after the US and its allies ousted
B) these are not nearly as worrying as the
theTaliban from power
costs involved
C) England and France were eventually linked
33. Economic as well as social problems
by an under-sea railway
plagued Europe during the 1970s and 1980s,
D) an army of engineers is involved in the
----.
project
E) doubts concerning its safety were still being
A) but these problems had actually begun
expressed
much earlier
B) because new industries continued to
29. ---- that engineers do not restrict themselves
prosper
to technical matters.
C) in case the West German growth rate would
slow down
A) The engineering curriculum has long
D) whereas seven hundred thousand French
required
workers had been laid off
B) Many potential leaders were of the opinion
E) unless demand for manufactured goods fell
C) The courses involved substantial reading
sharply
and writing assignments
D) The aim was to attract a wider audience
34. ----, it is now actually quite a simple matter
E) He acquired a sophisticated knowledge of
to make electrons oppose the “push” of
scientific and technical matters
applied electric and magnetic fields.

30. ---- who built the world’s first business

A) Although this process might have seemed
computer.
impossible in the past
B) Rather than the wave reacting to an
A) Everyone knows
individual molecule
B) It wasn’t to be expected
C) Whether there is a collective response of
C) It came as a surprise
milions of molecules
D) The question was unreasonable
D) Because one wants to understand how
E) We took it for granted
negative refraction can arise
E) Since much remains to be done to turn such
visions into reality

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35. ----, the actual pace of change in these 38. The health care sector will have to alter its
countries has been disappointingly slow. plans fundamentally, which are currently
failing to produce inexpensive and highly
A) Since most of the sub-Saharan African efficient drugs.
countries have good governance
B) Even though many sub-Saharan African A) Sağlık sektörünün planları, şu anda çok
governments say they support structural etkili ve ucuz ilaç üretmekte başarılı
reforms olmadığından dolayı, tamamen değişmek
C) Unless firmer action is taken against zorunda kalacaktır.
corruption in sub-Saharan Africa B) Sağlık sektörünün hem ucuz hem de etkili
D) In order to improve the management of ilaçlar üretmekte başarılı olamayan
public spending in sub-Saharan African planlarını, tamamiyle değiştirmesi
countries gerekmektedir.
E) In spite of the IMF’s demand that countries C) Günümüzde ucuz ve etkili ilaç üretmekte
at a similar stage of development should başarılı olamayan sağlık sektörü,
receive equal treatment planlarını baştan aşağı değiştirmek
zorunda kalacaktır.
36. It is generally felt that members of the white D) Sağlık sektörü, günümüzde ucuz ve çok
working class in Britain express racist etkili ilaçları üretmede başarısız kalan
sentiments----. planlarını temelden değiştirmek zorunda
kalacaktır.
A) or there may be disagreements and E) Sağlık sektörü etkili ve ucuz ilaç
tensions between different groups of people üretiminde başarılı olamadığı için bütün
B) since they are the people most directly planlarını kökten değiştirmek zorundadır.
affected byAsian immigration
C) if the class hierarchy is internalized by each 39. The accumulation of financial capital, and
member of society its intelligent outlay for the acquisition of
D) unless they want to be respected on their new goods and services, are the major
own terms features of the modern merchantile system
E) whether or not they have control over their in which we live.
own lives
A) Mali sermayenin birikimi ve bunun yeni
37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye mal ve hizmetler edinmek için akıllı
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe biçimde harcanması, içinde yaşadığımız
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi modern ticari sistemin başlıca
bulunuz. özellikleridir.
B) İçinde bulunduğumuz ticari sistem, mali
37. Caricature is a mature form of expression sermayenin birikimini ve bunun yeni mal
that arose when art became capable of ve hizmetler edinmek için akıllı biçimde
social introspection and comment. harcanmasını öngören başlıca özelliklere
sahiptir
A) Karikatür, olgun bir ifade biçimi olarak, C) Mali sermayeyi biriktirerek bunu yeni mal
toplumsal bir içgözlem ve yorum ve hizmetlerin alımı için akıllıca kullanmak,
yapabilme gücünü kazanmıştır. günümüz modern ticaret sisteminin temel
B) Olgun bir ifade biçimi olan karikatür, özelliğidir.
sanatın toplumsal bir içgözlem ve yorum D) Yeni mal ve hizmetlerin alımını, mali
sağlamasıyla ortaya çıkmıştır. sermaye birikiminin akıllı biçimde
C) Sanatın toplumsal bir içgözlem ve yorum harcanması olarak gören modern ticari
sağlamasıyla gelişen karikatür, olgun bir sistem, yaşadığımız çağın başlıca
ifade biçimidir. özelliğidir.
D) Toplumsal bir içgözlemi ve yorumu E) Yaşadığımız modern çağın ticari sistemi,
başaran sanatın ortaya çıkmasıyla, mali birikimi ve bunun yeni mal ve
karikatür de olgun bir ifade biçimi hâline hizmetler edinmek için akıllı biçimde
gelmiştir. harcanmasını başlıca özellik olarak öne
E) Karikatür, sanatın toplumsal bir içgözlem çıkarır.
ve yorum sağlayabildiği zaman ortaya
çıkmış olgun bir ifade biçimidir.

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40. Çiklet, Kral Charles I’in hekimlerinden biri 42. Aşağı yukarı 200 yıl öncesine kadar, bilimsel
olan George Bates tarafından 1635’te icat araştırmalarda ölçüm birimleri standart
edilmiştir. değildi ve bu standart eksikliği, bilimsel
iletişimi zorlaştırıyordu.
A) George Bates, who served King Charles I
as a physician, invented chewing gum in A) Since the units of measurement in
1635. scientific research had not been
B) It was only in 1635 that chewing gum was standardized before, there was much
invented by George Bates, who had been difficulty in scientific communication about
a physician to King Charles I. 200 years ago.
C) Chewing gum was invented in 1635 by B) Due to the lack of standards for the units
George Bates, who was one of the of measurement in scientific research,
physicians of King Charles I. scientific communication until about 200
D) George Bates, who was one of the years ago was very difficult.
physicians of King Charles I in 1635, was C) It was about 200 years ago that, as there
the inventor of chewing gum. were no standards for the units of
E) George Bates, who invented chewing gum measurement in scientific research, it was
in 1635, was one of the physicians of King extremely difficult to have any scientific
Charles I. communication.
D) It was very hard to have any scientific
41. Kalp hastalıklarına ve çeşitli hastalıklara yol communication about 200 years ago
açan kronik yangıyı anlamak, kanserin because there was a serious lack of
bilinmeyen nedenlerini tanımlamak için standards for the units of measurement in
önemli olabilir. scientific research.
E) Until about 200 years ago, the units of
A) Since chronic inflammation contributes to measurement in scientific research were
heart disease and a variety of other not standardized, and this lack of
diseases, it may be helpful in standards made scientific communication
understanding and identifying the hidden difficult.
causes of cancer.
B) Understanding chronic inflammation,
which contributes to heart disease and a
variety of other diseases, may be
important in identifying the unknown
causes of cancer.
C) Identifying the undetected causes of
cancer depends on understanding chronic
inflammation, which also triggers heart
disease and a variety of other diseases.
D) Understanding chronic inflammation, as it
also indicates heart disease and a variety
of other diseases, may be helpful in
detecting certain causes of cancer.
E) Understanding chronic inflammation,
which leads not only to heart disease but
also to a variety of other diseases, is
essential in order to identify many
unknown causes of cancer.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. As can be understood from the passage, the
cevaplayınız. stimulation of pain receptors ----.

A) is much stronger in an internal organ than

Pain is a signal that protects us from harmful stimuli.
in any other area of the body
An excess of any type of stimulus such as pressure,
B) takes place only if the stimulus endangers
heat, cold, excessive mechanical stretch, and
the organs
specific chemical compounds stimulates pain
C) depends a great deal on the kind of
receptors. In the human body, pain receptors are
chemical compounds found in the body
the tips of certain sensory neurons found in almost
D) occurs when any tissue in the body is
every tissue. However, most internal organs are
overstimulated
poorly supplied with pain receptors. For this reason,
E) clearly indicates the somatic importance of
pain from internal structures is often difficult to
the spinal cord
locate. In fact, pain is often not projected back to the
organ that is stimulated. Instead, it is referred to an
46. It is explained in the passage that when a
area just under the skin that may be some distance
pain occurs in an internal organ, ----.
from the organ involved. The area to which the pain
is referred is connected to nerve fibres from the
A) it can be located immediately through the
same level of the spinal cord as the organ involved.
work of certain sensory neurons
B) it is usually felt in an area under the skin,
43. According to the passage, although most of
which may not be close to the organ itself
our body is thoroughly equipped with pain
C) pain receptors throughout the body begin
receptors, ----.
to work efficiently
D) it is obvious that the organ cannot cope
A) this is not true for all the internal organs
with a wide range of harmful stimuli
B) it is in the internal organs that they
E) the connection between the organ and the
function most efficiently
spinal cord is seriously disrupted
C) they are mostly located in the tissues of
some internal organs
D) some of them are far more sensitive than
others
E) the pain caused by heat and cold is much
stronger than other kinds of pain

44. It is pointed out in the passage that, through

pain, ----.

A) the relationship between the spinal cord

and an internal organ becomes extremely
compromised
B) the function of the organs in the body is
seriously reduced
C) the area in an internal organ which is most
affected by a harmful stimulus can be
identified right away
D) it is extremely easy to determine the
excess of a harmful stimulus in an internal
organ
E) we become aware of those stimuli in the
body that can have an adverse effect

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. It is clear from the passage that Caxton’s
cevaplayınız. interest in the printing press ----.

The printing press was first introduced into England A) was originally aroused when he was
by William Caxton in the last quarter of the fifteenth visiting Germany
century. During his earlier travels in Europe, he had B) had always been strong ever since his
seen the newly invented system of printing from early years
moveable type in Germany. He set up his own press C) was essentially related to his desire to
in London in 1476. This initiated a major change in make a lot of profit from book production
English literature. Now books did not have to be D) was the main motive for his journey to
laboriously copied by hand. Soon, they would Germany
become relatively cheap. With books easily E) became stronger as more and more
obtainable, more people could learn to read, and people were learning to read
more books would be produced. The experience of
literature would soon shift from the breathless group
of listeners gathered in a hall or around a fire, 50. It is pointed out in the passage that, after
hearing an old tale told once more, to the solitary the introduction of the printing press, a
individual, alone with the thoughts and feelings of reader’s easy access to books ----.
another person speaking from the printed page.

A) contributed enormously to the

development of different types of literature
47. It is asserted in the passage that the in fifteenth-century England
introduction of the printing press into B) was hindered by the fact that books were
England ----. hardly affordable
C) was what the London book publishers
primarily cared about
A) made book production easy but caused a
D) made storytelling obsolete and, hence,
major increase in their prices
angered the storytellers of the time
B) caused the complete disappearance of
E) enabled the individual to share the
oral literature
thoughts and experiences of another
C) was too late to have any constructive
person through the printed page
effect on social and literary life
D) aroused a great deal of objection from
copyists and booksellers
E) had a very significant impact on people’s
relationship with literature

48. One understands from the passage that,

with the printing press, ----.

A) Caxton soon caught the attention of the

general public and was much respected
B) Caxton was able to produce a lot of books
and make a huge profit from their sale
C) London came to be a major centre of book
production in the fifteenth century
D) the number of books produced increased
greatly and to the benefit of the reading
public
E) booksellers in London began to compete
with each other fiercely

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. It is implied in the passage that herbicides
cevaplayınız. used for weedkilling ----.

Robots make unlikely green warriors, but they could A) have certainly done much damage to the
soon be doing their bit for the environment. Trials of environment in Denmark
a Danish robot that maps the position of weeds B) can be most effective if they are sprayed
growing among crops suggest that herbicide use along with fertilizer
could be reduced by 70 per cent if farmers used it to C) are more commonly preferred in the
adopt more selective spraying techniques. Actually, United States than in Denmark
the robot drives across fields scanning the ground D) cause no environmental damage if applied
for any weeds and noting their positions. A later only in small amounts
version will be able to kill the weeds too by applying E) are poisonous and, therefore, threaten the
a few drops of herbicide. But the longer-term goal is environment
to avoid herbicides altogether by having the robot
pluck the weeds out of the ground rather than
poisoning them. Although weedkilling robots have 54. As is clear from the passage, the type of
already been put to work in the United States, they robot currently under trial in Denmark ----.
cannot be used for agricultural purposes because
they do not distinguish between plant species and
tend to treat anything green as a weed. Instead, A) is actually adaptable to all kinds of
they are used to clear unwanted plants from agricultural purposes
railways and airport runways. B) has been regarded by farmers as a major
step forward in agricultural technology
C) identifies the weeds among crops but
does not pluck them
51. As one understands from the passage, D) has been copied from the type which is
when the ultimate version of the weedkilling used in the United States and is far more
robot comes into use, ----. efficient
E) is not able to tell the difference between
A) there will be no need for the use of different plant species
herbicides since weeds will simply be
pulled out by the robot
B) herbicides will no longer be used
anywhere in the world
C) the American type of weedkilling robots
will still be used since they are very
efficient
D) farmers will be able to upgrade their
spraying techniques in order to kill the
weeds among their crops
E) many of the environmental problems
farmers face will be solved much more
efficiently

52. It is clear from the passage that robots used

in the United States for weedkilling ----.

A) are a technological challenge that farmers

in Denmark and the United States face
B) were first invented and widely used by
farmers in the United States
C) will never be useful for improving
traditional spraying techniques
D) are convenient for use only on railways
and airport runways rather than in farming
areas
E) are being developed and tested in
Denmark

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 56. The author claims that a great many people -
cevaplayınız. ---.

A) yearn for a distant land of absolute health,

No human dream is more universal than the longing
happiness and goodness
for a paradise on earth, a place free of the ravages
B) imagine India as a land of plenty, where
of time and disease, where the best in nature
people lead a most prosperous and
flourishes while the worst is forbidden to enter. By
peaceful life
definition, such magical lands can’t be near at hand;
C) go on long pilgrimages to very remote
they must be remote and inaccessible –
places such as Tibet, where the most
destinations to be reached by pilgrimage or a heroic
popular religion is Buddhism
journey. Ancient Tibetan Buddhist texts spoke of
D) have a mystical view of life which enables
just such a kingdom, where wise kings, blessed with
them to cope with the ravages of time and
long life spans, await the day when they will take
disease
power over the world, ushering in a golden age of
E) have a strong desire to make a pilgrimage
peace and justice. This mythical kingdom was called
to the mythical valley of Shambala in order
“Shambala,” and its location was believed to be a
to recover from their sorrows and
valley in northern India. Said to be enclosed by a
sufferings
double ring of snow-capped mountains, this fabled
valley of Shambala resembled a “mandala,” which is
Buddhism’s circular symbol of the unity of all
57. According to the passage, ancient Tibetan
creation. Known only to a few European enthusiasts
Buddhists ----.
of Asia in the 19th century, the myth of Shambala
was popularized in the 20th century by the famous
A) preferred to live in places which were very
Russian mystic, Madame Blavatsky, who claimed
remote and not easily accessible for
she received telepathic messages from the mystic
common people
valley.
B) had a very strong longing for a world in
which Buddhist values and ideas were
55. It is clear from the passage that the myth of
shared by all human beings
Shambala ----.
C) were most gifted writers who idealized life
on earth and, in their writings, encouraged
A) was originally introduced by those
people to strive for peace and justice
Europeans in the 19th century who were
D) often made long pilgrimages and journeys
interested in Buddhism and carried out
to the valley of Shambala in India in order
extensive studies in India
to have a mystical experience
B) began to be so popular in Europe in the
E) believed that a time would come when,
19th century that, with Madame Blavatsky,
under the rule of wise kings, peace and
it turned into a mystical kind of religion
justice would prevail in the world
C) had obviously been very popular
throughout Asia in the 19th and 20th
58. As one understands from the passage, the
centuries before it was discovered by the
Russian mystic Madame Blavatsky ----.
Europeans
D) had originally been an Indian myth and
A) was clearly one of the few Europeans in
was later adopted by Tibetan Buddhists
the 19th century who were seriously
into their own culture
concerned with studies related to Asia
E) came to be known widely in Europe only
B) developed her telepathic skill through her
in the last century, thanks to Madame
study of Buddhism and also by making
Blavatsky
innumerable journeys to the valley of
Shambala
C) constantly dreamed of a paradise on earth
and made great efforts to make peace and
justice dominant in the world
D) helped to spread interest in the mythical
kingdom of Shambala
E) believed that a study of Tibetan Buddhist
texts was indispensable for the acquisition
and exercise of telepathic skills

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. As we can infer from the passage, virologist
cevaplayınız. Robert Webster thinks that ----.

A) most humans are immune to the H5N1

Virologist Robert Webster thinks that the H5N1
avian influenza strain as it exists at
strain of the avian influenza virus poses the most
present
serious public health threat since the Spanish flu
B) the H5N1 strain is unlikely ever to be
pandemic of 1918, which killed an estimated 40
transmitted between humans
million to 100 million people worldwide. Although the
C) the H5N1 strain and the human flu virus
H5N1 strain has so far shown no signs that it has
could never combine to create a stronger
acquired the ability to transmit easily from person to
virus
person, Webster says that it is only a matter of time
D) the avian influenza virus will soon pose a
before it does. For that to happen, Webster and
huge threat to humans
others believe that a version of the human flu virus,
E) many human deaths could result from a
which is easily transmittable between people, and
resurgence of the Spanish flu
the H5N1 avian virus would have to infect the same
mammalian cell at the same time and re-combine
62. According to the passage, 40 to 100 million
their DNA. If H5N1 picks up those genes from the
people worldwide ----.
human flu virus that enable it to spread from person
to person, Webster says that virtually nobody will
A) transmit flu viruses to other people every
have immunity to it, and many deaths may ensue.
year
B) have already died from the H5N1 strain
C) are currently infected with the H5N1 avian
59. We see from the passage that although the
virus
H5N1 strain of the avian flu virus is not
D) were threatened by the Spanish flu
easily transmitted from person to person at
pandemic
present, ----.
E) died from the Spanish flu pandemic of
1918
A) the human flu virus is also not easily
transmittable between people
B) neither was the Spanish flu virus in 1918
C) it will probably acquire the ability to do so
in the near future
D) most people already have immunity to it
E) it is not a serious public health threat

60. It is clear from the passage that if the human

flu virus and the H5N1 strain were to infect
the same mammalian cell at the same time, -
---.

A) the H5N1 strain would probably gain the

ability to spread between people
B) mammals would become immune to both
flu strains
C) this could prove dangerous but will almost
certainly never happen
D) it would pose no danger to the public
E) the H5N1 strain would be destroyed

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Martin :- Apparently, vertical farming is
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi the new way forward. Have you heard about it?
bulunuz. Paul :- Yes, some agronomists in the
Netherlands have started experimenting with
this and they've been quite successful.
63. James :- You must read this article on
Martin :- ----.
global climate change.
Paul :- It's basically the science for
Steve :- Is it about carbon dioxide
indoor farming but using tall, glass skyscrapers
emissions again? If so, I’m really getting rather
in the middle of our cities.
bored with the subject.
James :- So am I. The articles are so
A) But what does it actually mean?
repetitive. Only this one says something
B) What do they produce?
different.
C) Do you know anywhere else where this is
Steve :- ----
happening?
D) Is it mainly done in cities?
A) The author is certainly well-known; this is
E) Do you really think it’s possible?
the fifth time he’s been interviewed on the
issue by TV channels
66. Martin :- What do you know about the US
B) Give it to Robert; he’s already published
Apollo Program?
something on it.
Bill :- ----
C) So, it focuses on renewable energy
Martin :- Wasn’t it the largest and most
supplies rather than fossil fuels.
powerful ever built?
D) I’d rather download a portable document
Bill :- Yes, it was over 110 meters
from the university library and give it to
long and lifted a mass of 120 tons into the
you as well.
Earth’s orbit.
E) You mean it presents a different
perspective on the subject. I’ll take a look
A) It sent three astronauts into space, didn’t
at it, then.
it?
B) Isn’t that the space program which took
64. Student :- What is meant by this 'curiosity
men to the moon?
killed the cat'?
C) I can tell you quite a bit about the size of
Teacher :- It's giving a warning; curiosity
the rocket they used.
can be dangerous, it can kill even a cat.
D) Nothing at all, to be quite honest with you.
Student :----.
E) Apollo was an appropriate name as it was
Teacher :- Yes it is; within reason. But
such an amazing event.
don't put a nail into an electric socket to see
what happens.
67. Jan :- One of the strangest stories I’ve
ever heard is how an American doctor stole
A) But most children are naturally curious.
Einstein’s brain.
That’s how they learn.
Pete :- ----
B) Yes; they say a cat has nine lives.
Jan:- Well, he performed Einstein’s autopsy
C) Is this an idiom that is often used?
and never returned the brain to the family for
D) But I thought curiosity was a good thing.
burial.
E) My father used to encourage me to be
Pete :- What did he do with it?
curious
Jan :- He cut it up and gave bits to
people and kept the rest.

A) Where did he keep it?

B) How could that have happened?
C) How was he persuaded to do that?
D) Did he steal it from someone?
E) How realistic is that?

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 71. I haven't been won over by his arguments,
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. but his book makes interesting reading.

A) I can't say I'm convinced that he's right,

68. Those opposed to gambling continue to
but even so his book is well worth reading.
argue the case against it on social and
B) It's a fascinating book, but one can't take
moral grounds.
his theories seriously.
C) He has some impossible ideas but knows
A) Those who are against gambling continue
how to write an entertaining book.
to state the moral and social reasons for
D) You might be interested in reading his
the stand they take.
book even though many of his arguments
B) Those who are against gambling usually
are far from satisfactory.
take a moral or a social stand against it.
E) You will appreciate his fresh and
C) There are two basic grounds for opposing
comprehensive approach to his subject
gambling, the moral and the social.
but there is no basis in fact.
D) The case against gambling is usually
based on both moral and social grounds.
E) They continue to oppose gambling and
cite various moral and social reasons for 72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
the stand they take. anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
cümleyi bulunuz.
69. You would do well to wait a little before
buying a car. 72. Carbon nanotubes have been hailed as a
semi-conducting wonder ingredient that will
A) If you are thinking of buying a car, this is make materials stronger. ----. Moreover,
the right time. their ability to act as filters might one day be
B) You must realize that this is not the right exploited to build artificial livers.
time to change old car.
C) Don't buy now; car prices are expected to A) In the molecules of a polar liquid, some
fall. atoms are slightly positively charged while
D) It would be better if you didn't buy a car others carry a balancing negative charge
just yet. B) Some experts in nanotube chemistry have
E) Buy a car now and you won't regret it published extensively
later. C) Accordingly, it is possible to make
nanotubes generate electricity
70. I would willingly have lent you the money D) Thus, their importance has been greatly
myself if only I'd known you needed it. overrated
E) In addition, they will help miniaturize
A) As I realized just how necessary the loan electronics systems
was to you, I naturally lent you what you
needed.
B) I am quite willing to give you a loan myself
if you can convince me that it is
necessary.
C) Had I realized that you were in need of
such a loan, I would gladly have lent it to
you myself.
D) I would lend you the money willingly if I
were convinced that you really require it.
E) I was under no obligation to offer you a
loan, but nevertheless did so gladly.

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73. Sometimes organisms modify their own 74. Power has a bad name. In a society that
microclimate. For instance, trees modify the cherishes equality and individuality, the
local climate within a forest so that in notion that some people wield power over
summer the temperature is usually lower, others is sometimes looked at with
and the relative humidity greater, than disfavour. Yet many of our societal
outside the forest. The temperature and institutions would operate badly or not at all
humidity beneath the litter of the forest floor if there were not at least some execution
differ still more; in the summer this area is and distribution of power. Not only large
considerably cooler and moister than the organizations but also small institutions
surrounding forest. ---- The cooler day time would certainly break down if clear lines of
microclimate in their burrows permits them authority did not exist. ---- For instance,
to survive until night, when the surface power can be used for individual benefit, an
cools off and they can come out to forage or inflated sense of self-worth or the
hunt. devaluation of others.

A) As another example, many desert- A) On the other hand, if abused, power can
dwelling animals burrow to avoid surface corrupt the power holder.
climatic conditions that would kill them in B) The economic power of a country can
minutes. easily be undermined.
B) An area’s climate comprises the average C) Moreover, most institutions are not
weather conditions that occur there over a governed properly.
period of years. D) Similarly, politicians could not govern
C) One of the most important climatic factors without the power given to them by
is temperature, which comprises both constitutions and legal systems.
average temperature and temperature E) Even so, a number of institutions need to
extremes. be upgraded.
D) Precipitation is greatest where warm air
passes over the ocean, absorbing 75. Organisms use two types of cell division to
moisture, and is then cooled, such as ensure that DNA is passed down from cell to
when humid air is forced upwards by cell during reproduction. Simple one-celled
mountains. organisms and some other organisms
E) Actually the tropics are hotter and less reproduce by a process called 'mitosis',
variable in climate than are temperate and during which a cell doubles its DNA before
polar areas. dividing into two cells and distributing the
DNA evenly to each resulting cell. ----
Known as 'meiosis', this process involves
sexual reproduction. In this process, an egg
and sperm unite to form a zygote, in which
the full number of chromosomes is restored.

A) Organisms that reproduce sexually, on the

other hand, use a different type of cell
division.
B) In all organisms, cells divide to produce
new cells, each of which requires the
genetic information in DNA.
C) Mitosis occurs in five stages, namely
interphase, prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, and telophase.
D) Modern genetics offers solutions to the
reproductive problems that were once
thought to be incurable.
E) Each new cell needs a complete copy of
an organism’s genetic information to
function properly.

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76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 79. (I) Scientists who study tornadoes have a wide
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü variety of powerful research tools at their
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. disposal.(II) Moreover, they classify tornadoes
based on the damage they wreak on manmade
structures. (III) For instance, advances in
76. (I) The Central Bank has cut interest rates to a
computer technology make it possible to
much lower range. (II) It has also established a
stimulate the thunderstorms that cause
fund to buy 60 billion dollars of government
tornadoes. (IV) Doppler radars allow
bonds. (III) The currency of the country fell
meteorologists to see the winds inside the
briefly against the dollar on the news, but soon
storms, and modern video camera footage
bounced back. (IV) In the recent months the
provides an unprecedented amount of high-
volume of exports has increased dramatically.
quality documentation. (V) All these contribute
(V) Banking authorities are watching closely to
greatly to the scientific understanding of
see if this bounce-back will hold its place for a
tornadoes, which may eventually lead to
long time.
increased tornado warning times, better
guidelines for building construction, and
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
improved safety tips.
77. (I) For such a small country, Denmark has
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
produced a number of world-famous writers
and philosophers, including Hans Christian
80. (I) Europe likes to claim that it is a kinder,
Andersen and Soren Kierkegaard. (II)
gentler, global alternative to the United States.
Copenhagen is Denmark’s largest city, with a
(II) But stagnant economies, suffering
population of around 1.5 million.(III) Founded in
immigrants and elitist rhetoric do not make for a
1167, the town grew quickly, prospering from
global powerhouse. (Ill) It seems then that the
trade in the Baltic. (IV) In 1461, it was declared
future of the European Project is at stake. (IV)
the capital of Denmark. (V) Between the years
However, all major European countries except
1588-1648, the city was endowed with many
one have now signed the Kyoto Protocol. (V)
fine Renaissance buildings, some of which still
European countries must either unite behind
stand today.
much needed reforms or watch their differences
tear them apart.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
78. (I) The easiest way to appreciate the
importance of money is to imagine what
economic life would be without it. (II) We are so
accustomed to using money that we seldom
notice the roles it plays in almost all of our
everyday transactions. (III) The most important
function of money is to serve as a medium of
exchange, a generally accepted means of
payment. (IV) Currency and bank deposits on
which checks may be written certainly qualify
as money. (V) In addition to its primary function,
it serves as a unit of account, that is, as a
widely recognized measure of value.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 41 6. It takes great courage for adopted children

to ---- their biological parents, as they do not
know the real reason why they were given
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere up.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) run up
1. Much of our knowledge of the ---- lives of B) confess to
the ancient Romans has been derived from C) search for
the excavations at Pompeii and nearby D) put back
Herculaneum. E) look out

A) pretentious 7. Modern humans, Homo sapiens, ---- in

B) daily Africa around 200, 000 years ago and by
C) complete about 30, 000 years ago they ---- all other
D) convenient forms of early humans, such as
E) extensive Neanderthals and Homo erectus.

2. The Central Asian region ---- buried in A) have been evolving / replaced
poverty and plagued by corruption and B) would evolve / are replacing
social inequality. C) were evolving / have replaced
D) evolved / had replaced
A) belongs E) had evolved / had been replacing
B) remains
C) prospers 8. The potential dangers of global warming ----
D) depends by a wide consortium of scientists, who ----
E) maintains about its long-term effects on the planet.

3. ---- any organ, including the kidneys, lungs, A) had been studied / might be increasingly
heart and brain, can be attacked by the concerned
immune system. B) have been studied / were increasingly
concerned
A) Closely C) will have been studied / would be
B) Virtually increasingly concerned
C) Fortunately D) are being studied / are increasingly
D) Profoundly concerned
E) Extremely E) are studied / had been increasingly
concerned
4. A small percentage of people have new or
recurring ---- of pain that feel like gall 9. A modest amount of champagne every day -
bladder attacks even though they have no --- to have a beneficial effect on the walls of
gall bladder. blood vessels, which ---- that champagne
has the potential to reduce the incidence of
A) episodes strokes and heart attacks.
B) removals
C) deficits A) is being found / has suggested
D) responses B) has been found / suggests
E) trials C) had been found / would have suggested
D) was found / had suggested
5. Historically, the development of capitalism E) will be found / suggested
has ---- several phases, following the period
of feudal organization of society.

A) taken after
B) called in
C) brought forward
D) gone through
E) turned down

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10. Scientists fear that if we ---- to use our 15. The Cirrus SR20 was an attractive plane ----
natural resources so unwisely, we ---- them people interested in learning to fly, and it
up completely by the end of this century. could also serve effectively as an air taxi ----
short-haul routes.
A) have continued / have used
B) are continuing / are using A) between / over
C) continued / had used B) to / at
D) had continued / would have used C) towards / in
E) continue / will have used D) among / under
E) for / on
11. With almost one million inhabitants,
Brussels is the capital ---- of Belgium ---- of 16. The degree ---- age-related wrinkling varies
Europe, as it is the centre of the European considerably ---- person to person, partly
Union. due to the amount of exposure to the sun.

A) neither / nor A) of / from

B) as much / not more B) for / between
C) not only / but also C) to / among
D) either / or D) about / by
E) so / as E) towards / with

12. ---- sterilization creates a pathogen-free

environment, 5 to 10 per cent of patients still
contract an infection during their stay at
hospital.

A) Once
B) Since
C) As long as
D) When
E) Although

13. According to new research by US biologists,

the fearsome roars of lions and tigers are ---
- the unusual shape of their vocal chords.

A) in terms of
B) rather than
C) on behalf of
D) due to
E) as well as

14. Of the four cavities in the brain, two are

found inside each hemisphere, ---- the third
and fourth are found between them.

A) even
B) since
C) if
D) so that
E) while

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

In the later part of the Middle Ages, cities created No one was surprised when Eric Shipton was
asylums to cope with the mentally ill. These asylums chosen by the Himalayan Committee to toad
were simply prisons; the inmates were kept on England's 1953 attempt to conquer Everest. But
chains in dark, filthy cells and were treated more as (22) ---- immediately the committee members had
animals (17) ---- as human beings. It (18) ---- until second thoughts. Shipton had certainty shown flair,
1792, when Philippe Pinel was placed in charge of but his inattention to detail was (23) ----; on one
an asylum in Paris, that some improvements were occasion he had (24) ---- forgotten his backpack.
made. As an experiment, Pinel removed the chains And now the committee had a new worry, foreign
that (19) ---- the inmates. Much (20) ---- the competition. (25) ---- the British fall this time, the
amazement of skeptics, who thought Pinel was mad French or the Germans (26) ---- there first.
to unchain such "animals", the experiment was a
success. When placed in clean, sunny rooms, and 22.
treated kindly, many people who for years (21) ---- A) thus
hopelessly insane improved enough to leave the B) quite
asylum. C) as
D) almost
17. E) while
A) than
B) like 23.
C) such A) traditional
D) so B) notorious
E) much C) random
D) sensitive
18. E) abundant
A) has not been
B) had not been 24.
C) was not A) rather
D) would not be B) once
E) would not have been C) still
D) just
19. E) even
A) compelled
B) restrained 25.
C) overloaded A) Could
D) withdrew B) Had
E) sustained C) Will
D) Should
20. E) Were
A) to
B) of 26.
C) with A) have got
D) for B) would have got
E) at C) might get
D) used to get
21. E) must have got
A) will be considered
B) have been considered
C) were being considered
D) had been considered
E) are considered

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. Galileo observed sunspots, ----.
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) which he sketched and documented as real
irregularities on the surface of the sun
27. ----, but the question of its effect on health is
B) since he claimed that the craters of the
less clear.
moon were the features of its landscape
C) even if, with the support of the Medici
A) Some early research indicated that cycles of
family, he was able to pursue his work on
weight loss and gain presented risks for
astronomy
blood pressure and cardiovascular disease
D) so long avs his ideas on astronomy brought
B) The very thinnest and the very heaviest
him into conflict with powerful opponents
people seem to be at greatest risk for all-
E) whether he was already a famous
cause mortality
mathematician at the University of Padua
C) Gaining weight is a risk for health
D) Being severely obese places a person at an
31. Geologists note that coal is similar to tar ----.
elevated risk for several types of health
problems and premature death
A) as we might expect coal to last another 200
E) Obesity is undesirable from a social point of
years
view
B) unless environmental issues may limit how
much of this resource is exploited
28. ---- when they are exposed to higher than
C) in that both are relatively difficult to mine
normal temperatures.
without dangerous environmental
consequences
A) Recent climate warming is associated with
D) because the world is using these energy
genetic change
sources so inefficiently at the moment
B) Recent global warming might already be
E) while tar is also formed by tobacco burning
driving such changes
C) Researchers compiled data on
32. Since albatross have the longest wings in
chromosomal polymorphism covering
nature , ----.
periods of 13 to 46 years
D) Some organisms undergo genetic change
A) their populations had already begun to
E) Weather records for the same periods and
decline
locations are studied
B) they came ashore far more frequently
C) they can glide for hundreds of kilometres
29. Our knowledge of the Etruscans is severely
without flapping their wings
limited----.
D) from time to time they went in search of new
breeding grounds
A) that, by the sixth century B.C., the
E) most pairs mate for life, producing and
Etruscans had established a confederation
raising one chick every two years
of independent citystates
B) while Etruscan women enjoyed a
33. As soon as scientists realized the power of
comparatively elevated place in society
DNA technology, ----.
C) whether the Etruscans shared with the
Greeks a religion based on the worship of
A) early concerns focused on the possibility
gods in human form
that they might create new pathogens
D) just as it appears that Etruscan settlements
B) the Human Genome Project has yielded
in Italy go back to the late Bronze Age
many other unexpected results
E) since their language, although written in a
C) they claim that these proteins could be
Greek alphabet, has not yet been fully
tested for their ability to cause allergic
deciphered
reactions
D) they began to worry about its potential
dangers
E) one safety measure is a set of strict
laboratory procedures designed to protect
researchers from infection

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34. ---- that Adana’s prosperity and rapid 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
development are largely due to the cotton anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
industry. cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz.
A) He didn’t believe it
B) There was nothing in the article
37. A blood test today could take a few days
C) It has often been argued
because of the many steps needed to
D) Imagine his surprise
separate blood components.
E) There was one main objection

A) Kanı bileşenlerine ayırmak için birçok

35. Although orchids may seem to be mostly
aşamaya gereksinim duyulduğu takdirde,
appreciated for the way they look and smell,
günümüzde bir kan testinin
----.
sonuçlandırılması, birkaç gün almaktadır.
B) Günümüzde kan testleri birkaç gün
A) the richness and variety of Asian orchids is
sürebilir çünkü kanı, bileşenlerine
astounding
ayırmanın gerektirdiği birçok aşama vardır.
B) they are common in every part of the globe
C) Kanı bileşenlerine ayırmanın birçok aşama
except for the extreme South and North
gerektirmesi, günümüzde bir kan testinin
poles
yapılmasının birkaç gün sürmesine neden
C) under favourable climatic conditions, they
olmaktadir.
will flower every year
D) Kanı bileşenlerine ayırmanın birçok
D) they have always been among the most
aşaması vardır; bu yüzden, kan testlerinin
popular flowers in Asian countries
yapılması, birkaç gün alabilmektedir.
E) in certain regions of Central America and
E) Bir kan testi, günümüzde, kan bileşenlerini
the IndianOcean, they have generally been
ayırmak için gereksinim duyulan birçok
used for food
adımdan dolayı, birkaç gün alabilir.
36. While some drugs, once absorbed, tend to
38. Several problems have to be overcome to
stay within the watery tissues of the blood
make any nuclear reactor function.
and muscle , ----.

A) Herhangi bir nükleer reaktörün çalışmasını

A) others concentrate in specific tissues such
sağlamak için, bir sürü sorunun
as the liver and kidneys
çözümlenmesi şarttır.
B) drugs penetrate different tissues at different
B) Bir nükleer reaktörün çalışması, pek çok
speeds
sorunun üstesinden gelinmesine bağlıdır.
C) all drugs are either metabolized or excreted
C) Bir nükleer reaktörü çalıştırabilmek için,
intact
çeşitli sorunların aşılması gerekmektedir.
D) these drugs accumulate in the fatty tissues
D) Birçok sorunun çözümlenmesi, bir nükleer
E) they rapidly circulate through the body
reaktörün çalışması için gereklidir.
E) Bir nükleer reaktörün çalışması için, farklı
pek çok sorunun çözümü gerekir.

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39. One of the greatest challenges in 41. Samanyolunun sayısız yıldızdan ibaret
developing and using cancer drugs is olduğunu ilk gözlemleyen, Galileo olmuştur.
delivering the drugs to the diseased tissues
without poisoning the patient’s entire body. A) The Milky Way was first observed by
Galileo who suggested that it consisted of
A) Kanser ilaçlarının kullanılmasında ve innumerable stars.
geliştirilmesinde karşılaşılan en büyük B) It was Galileo who first observed that the
sorunlardan biri, bu ilaçların, hastanın Milky Way is comprised of countless stars.
vücuduna zarar vermeden, hastalıklı C) Galileo was the first to observe the Milky
dokuları etkilemesini sağlamaktır. Way, which is made up of an infinite
B) Kanser ilaçlarının kullanılmasında ve number of stars.
geliştirilmesinde en büyük sorunlardan biri, D) For Galileo, who first made observations,
bu ilaçları, hastanın tüm vücudunu an infinite number of stars constituted the
zehirlemeden, hastalıklı dokulara Milky Way.
vermektir. E) The Milky Way, which was first observed
C) Bir hastanın tüm vücuduna zarar by Galileo, is constituted by a countless
vermeksizin, sadece hastalıklı dokulara ilaç number of stars.
verebilmek, kanser ilaçlarının kullanımında
ve geliştirilmesindeki en büyük sorunlardan 42. 1930’ların ortalarına kadar, tüm atomların,
biridir. nötronlar, protonlar ve elektronlardan
D) Kanser ilaçlarının kullanımında ve oluştuğu kabul ediliyordu.
geliştirilmesinde, hem hastaların
vücutlarına zarar vermemek, hem de A) Until the mid-1930s, it was admitted that all
ilaçları hastalıklı dokulara verebilmek atoms were made up of neutrons, protons,
karşılaşılan en büyük sorunlardan biridir. and electrons.
E) Kanser ilaçlarının kullanılmasında ve B) Down to the middle of the 1930s, it was
geliştirilmesindeki en büyük sorunlardan agreed that neutrons, protons, and
biri, hastalık taşıyan dokularına ilaç electrons constituted atoms of all kinds.
verirken, hastanın tüm vücudunun C) By the middle of the 1930s, atoms of all
zehirlenmesidir. kinds were believed to have neutrons,
protons, and electrons in them.
40. İnternet bankacılığının güvenlik D) It was about the mid-1930s that the basic
özelliklerinde gerçekleştirilen son constituents of all atoms were considered
zamanlardaki gelişmelerle, müşteriler to be neutrons, protons, and electrons.
evlerinden ya da ofislerinden İnternet E) As far back as the mid-1930s, it was
aracılığı ile banka işlemlerini recognized that every atom had neutrons,
yapabilmektedirler. protons, and electrons as its basic
constituents.
A) Security features of the advanced Internet
banking services give customers an
opportunity to bank through the Internet
either at home or at the office.
B) With recent improvements that have been
made in the security features of Internet
banking, customers can bank over the
Internet from their homes or offices.
C) It is due to the advanced security features
of the Internet banking services that
customers use the Internet to bank from
their homes or offices.
D) Internet banking services now have more
advanced security features which help
customers bank through the Internet at
home or at the office.
E) Owing to security improvements in Internet
banking services, which have recently
been made, customers enjoy home or
office banking through the Internet.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. One learns from the passage that, according
cevaplayınız. to one view, the sex difference between
boys and girls ----.

The ability to deal with numbers and mathematical

concepts reveals an interesting pattern of A) has been categorically ruled out by all
differences between girls and boys. Girls usually psychologists as an important factor in
begin counting before boys. Throughout the learning mathematics
primary-school years and middle school, girls are B) ought to be taken into consideration by
better at computational problems, whereas boys do parents and teachers
better with math- reasoning problems. During this C) is negligible at the high school level
period, girls also tend to get higher grades. By high D) cannot be a significant factor in their
school, however, boys begin to perform better, performance at high school
especially at the higher levels of ability. Some E) does have some effect on their
psychologists believe this advantage is genetic, but mathematical performance
others think that it may derive, in part, from males’
use of more effective strategies and their lower level
of anxiety when approaching mathematics 46. It is pointed out in the passage that girls ----.
problems. It has also been suggested that the sex
differences come about to some degree because
girls view math as a male activity (and, therefore, A) never fail in their determination to excel
have less interest in it) and because some parents over boys in mathematics
and teachers offer greater encouragement to males B) begin to use numbers before boys do
in this area. Some studies support this analysis, but C) are relatively more conscious than boys as
others do not. In this area, too, biological and regards their sex differences
socialization factors probably combine to produce D) always use mathematical concepts as
the observed differences. efficiently as boys in solving problems
E) in the long run perform much better than
43. The author thinks that differences between boys in all aspects of mathematics
girls and boys ----.

A) can be observed only through their

approach to mathematics
B) have concerned psychologists far more
than their performance at school
C) is a subject that has attracted a great deal
of attention in recent years from
psychologists
D) remain constant throughout their school
years
E) may be attributed to the joint effect of their
biological nature and social environment

44. It is suggested in the passage that boys ----.

A) are never influenced by their social

environment in their attitude towards
mathematics
B) are always discouraged when they are
faced with a mathematical problem
C) are genetically far more motivated towards
mathematics than girls
D) are more successful than girls at primary
level in dealing with mathematical
problems which require reasoning
E) usually rely on their parents and teachers
in solving all kinds of mathematical
problems

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. We understand from the passage that Mount
cevaplayınız. Vesuvius’s eruptions are usually very
explosive because of ----.

Mount Vesuvius in southern Italy is actually a

volcano inside the exploded skeleton of an older A) the exploded skeleton of an older volcano
volcano. Looked at from above, the remaining ridge within which it is located
of a much larger volcano can be seen on the north B) the strong skelatal structure of the volcano
side. This older volcano had probably erupted C) its proximity to a large body of water
violently long before human settlement. Southern D) the unstable gases released when the
Italy is unstable ground. The African continental volcano’s magma reaches the surface of
plate, on which most of the Mediterranean Sea the Earth
rests, is actually diving beneath the European plate. E) the monitoring devices placed near the
That kind of underground collision produces molten volcano
rock, or magma, rich in volatile gases such as sulfur
dioxide. Under pressure underground, these gases
stay dissolved. But when the magma rises to the 50. It is clear from the passage that ----.
surface, the gases are released. Accordingly, when
volcanoes like Vesuvius erupt, they tend to erupt
explosively. To this day, in fact, Vesuvius remains A) Mount Vesuvius is a dying volcano which
one of the world’s most dangerous volcanoes; some will someday cease to erupt
3.5 million Italians live in its shadow. Although B) the Mediterranean Sea is part of the
monitoring devices are in place to warn of the European continental plate
volcano’s activity, if there were a major eruption with C) the European continental plate will one day
little warning, there could be a tremendous loss of completely cover the African one
life. D) 3.5 million Italians lost their lives in
Vesuvius’s last eruption
E) there was once a much larger volcano
where Mount Vesuvius is today
47. We see from the passage that although
Mount Vesuvius is a very dangerous
volcano ----.

A) it is safe to live nearby because of the

monitoring devices that warn of the
volcano’s activity
B) many people still live nearby
C) it is more dangerous than the older volcano
that used to be in its place
D) it does not result from an underground
collision of continental plates
E) its eruption would never result in people’s
deaths

48. We can understand from the passage that

the pushing of the African continental plate
beneath the European continental plate ----.

A) does not create magma containing sulfur

dioxide and other unstable gases
B) is the result of volcanic activity such as we
see in Southern Italy
C) makes Southern Italy a region prone to
volcanic eruptions
D) has made Northern Africa a “hot spot” for
volcanic activity
E) means that the Mediterranean Sea is
slowly widening

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. It is clear from the passage that both South
cevaplayınız. Africa and Mozambique ----.

A) underwent a very radical process of social,

When Mozambique and South Africa ended their
political and legal transformation over a
internal conflicts in the early 1990s, they enacted
decade after the mid-1990s
widescale amnesties, and in both countries the rule
B) are still extremely obsessed with their
of law quickly improved. In each of them, political
political past and have failed to adapt
leaders opted to move past the violence and
themselves to the norms of democracy
injustices of the past and to focus on the tasks of
C) are noted for their indifference to the rule of
social and political reconstruction. As part of that
law and have introduced a series of non-
reconstruction, each country became a multiparty
democratic measures
democracy in which the accountability of leaders
D) have not solved their internal conflicts fully
and other key norms of the rule of law could finally
although they have made their criminal-
take root. The restoration of public security,
justice systems very efficient through
meanwhile, allowed the provision of basic services.
radical reforms
And though their criminal-justice systems remained
E) have resorted to every conceivable means
woefully underfunded, both were finally able to start
in their efforts to restore public security
providing citizens with basic protections. While the
legal, social and political improvements in South
53. It is pointed out in the passage that,
Africa between 1994 and 2004 were impressive, in
compared with Mozambique, South Africa
poorer Mozambique, the improvement was smaller
has ----.
but still marked.
A) never been genuinely enthusiastic about
51. The author points out that, along with the
the rule of law in the country and invariably
institution of a multiparty democracy, ----.
attempted to undermine it
B) upgraded their system of criminal justice
A) both Mozambique and South Africa have
and, thus, completely eliminated violence
focused on their past and begun to bring to
and injustice in society
justice those who are accountable for the
C) given priority to the cessation of internal
crimes of the past
conflicts in the country and the
B) the maintenance of the rule of law in
establishment of various political parties
Mozambique and South Africa has failed
D) made enormous progress in the social and
due to a growing rate of political
political reconstruction of their country
misconduct
E) never been held accountable for the
C) one important change in Mozambique and
violence and injustices they caused in the
South Africa in the late 1990s was the new
past
political principle that leaders were to be
held accountable for their policies
54. It is emphasized in the passage that, in the
D) violence and injustice in Mozambique have
post-amnesties period, ----.
ceased completely while South Africa still
struggles with them
A) radical political reforms in Mozambique are
E) the question of public security has been of
the major reason for the impressive
little concern for political leaders since they
improvements in the country’s economic
have focused their efforts on party politics
performance
B) Mozambique, which is economically
underdeveloped, has experienced some
striking political improvements
C) political improvements in South Africa
became the model for political
improvements in Mozambique
D) Mozambique has excelled South Africa in
the improvement of both its economy and
political institutions
E) Mozambique’s political leaders were
concerned not only with political reforms
but also, more importantly, with the
economic well-being of the country

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. It can be understood from the passage that
cevaplayınız. the main function of the pulmonary
ventilatory system is to provide ----.

The ultimate importance of the pulmonary

A) clean air to the pulmonary blood
ventilatory system is to continually renew the air in
B) dead space air to the gas exchange areas
the gas exchange areas of the lungs, where the air
of the lungs
is in proximity to pulmonary blood. These areas
C) gas exchange in the dead space areas
include the alveoli, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and
D) atmospheric air during expiration
respiratory bronchioles. However, during normal
E) clean air to the nose, pharynx and trachea
quiet respiration, the volume of air is only enough to
fill the respiratory passageways down as far as the
58. It is mentioned in the passage that the
terminal bronchioles, with only a small portion of the
alveoli, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and
inspired air actually flowing all the way to the alveoli.
respiratory bronchioles ----.
Some of the molecules in the inspired air travel the
final short distance to the alveoli through diffusion,
A) occasionally renew the air in the gas
but most never reach the gas exchange areas of the
exchange areas of the lungs
lungs, instead going to fill respiratory passages
B) are the parts of the lungs that are closest
where gas exchange does not occur, such as the
to pulmonary blood
nose, pharynx and trachea. This air is called dead
C) do not receive any of the inspired air during
space air because it is not useful for the gas
quiet respiration
exchange process; the respiratory passages where
D) are part of the dead space of the
no gas exchange takes place are called dead
respiratory system
space. On expiration, the air in the dead space is
E) are outside the gas exchange areas of the
expired first, before any of the air from the alveoli
lungs
reaches the atmosphere. Therefore, the dead space
does not aid in removal of the expiratory gases from
the lungs.

55. It is clearly pointed out in the passage that

only a small amount of the air inspired
during normal respiration ----.

A) reaches the atmosphere

B) is expired before the next breath is taken
C) is called dead space air
D) stays in the nose, pharynx and trachea
E) ever reaches the gas exchange areas of
the lungs

56. According to the passage, dead space air ---

-.

A) aids the gas exchange process

tremendously
B) is the last to reach the atmosphere during
expiration
C) flows all the way to the alveoli through
diffusion
D) does not help in the expiration of gases
from the lungs
E) is of ultimate importance in the pulmonary
ventilatory system

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. It is stressed in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. Nuremberg and Tokyo trials ----.

Supporters of today’s international criminal tribunals A) were not interested in what is today termed
say that their work builds on the post-World War II “crimes against humanity”
tribunals in Nuremberg and, to a lesser degree, B) were conducted in accordance with the
Tokyo. As a matter of legal doctrine, that is true. provisions of both military and civilian law
The category of “crimes against humanity”, for C) involved both prolonged and extremely
example, was developed at Nuremberg and is now complicated proceedings
a central element in many prosecutions. But there is D) were mainly confined to war crimes with
a critical difference between now and then. The the single aim of handing out harsh
courts in Nuremberg and Tokyo were part of a punishments
broader political project that aimed to rehabilitate E) made up the first stage of a broader policy
Germany and Japan, respectively, both socially and which aimed for the reconstruction of
economically, not simply to try guilt or innocence or Germany and Japan
hand out harsh punishments. These were military
courts that operated with military efficiency, and the 61. It is stated in the passage that, a case in an
Allies could then focus fully on the reconstruction of international criminal court today ----.
these countries. Yet, the international courts for the
former Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and the new
International Criminal Court (ICC) in the Hague, on A) may not always be conducted within the
the other hand, operate under civilian law and context of civilian law
provide generous protection to defendants. The B) has far-reaching positive political and
result is a ballooning of the court timelines and social consequences
costs. For instance, it took the International Criminal C) is not necessarily concerned with crimes
Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) 10 years to complete against humanity
the same number of trials that Nuremberg D) can continue for many years before being
conducted in less than a year. Indeed, it is clear finalized
that, because of their protracted proceedings and E) can be conducted at a lower cost
excessive costs, today’s war crimes trials cannot
serve the decisive political and social function that 62. One understands from the passage that
Nuremberg did. people put on trial at an international
criminal court today ----.

59. It is argued in the passage that today’s A) usually complain about protracted
international criminal courts ----. proceedings and excessive expenses
B) always deny that they have committed
A) were originally established in Nuremberg crimes against humanity
and Tokyo for the trial of war crimes C) are given extensive rights to defend
committed during World War II themselves
B) have no correlation whatsoever with the D) are invariably found guilty and, therefore,
principles of the Nuremberg trials given harsh punishments
C) follow a punitive policy and recognize no E) only remain on trial for, at most, one year
right of appeal for defendants
D) are costly, time-consuming and lacking in
efficiency
E) have been set up only for the trial of
specific crimes and are to be abolished in
due course

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Steve :- I was reading an article about
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi fish farms and it sounds as if that is what we
bulunuz. need to be investing in for the future.
Harold :- But I thought they were one of
the biggest causes of water pollution.
63. Zeynep :- I’d like to pursue an academic
Steve :- ----.
career after I’ve graduated from my
Harold :- Do you mean the part of the
department.
coast on which they are located?
Professor Raimes:- Why not? You ought to
check with the Institute of Social Sciences.
A) True, but there’s no other option if we want
Zeynep :- Really? Why should I do so?
to continue eating fish.
Professor Raimes:- ----
B) That’s true, but it really depends on where
they are situated.
A) They’ll tell you all the requirements for
C) Yes, you’re right, but things are improving
admission.
in many countries.
B) Don’t you know they haven’t announced
D) I agree, but there are ways of reducing the
any vacancies in the department yet?
pollution along the coast.
C) Before that you should have submitted all
E) I thought so too, but apparently they’re not.
your documents including the proof of
It depends on the country.
language proficiency.
D) Have you ever thought of becoming a
66. Professor :- Globalization is to a certain
teacher? In fact, you can teach at the same
extent reversing nowadays as countries weigh
time.
the risks of not having enough goods in their
E) It all depends whether the examining
own markets.
committee will find your knowledge of field
Student :- Can you give us an example?
sufficient to pursue an academic career.
Professor :- ----

64. Bob :- Why don't you join us to support

A) Well, the world is still a highly uncertain
our team in the stadium?
place.
Mike :- It's more comfortable at home.
B) Yes, finance is badly needed global
You can see the games up close, and you get
economy
different camera angles. Unless you can get
C) Yes, small banks are closing down
good seats, watching in person isn't nearly as
D) Well, China produces most of the world’s
good. So, what's the point?
products
Bob :- ---- .
E) Yes, India has tried to ban cotton exports
Mike :- I know, but that's not my style.
recently

A) It’s the atmosphere of the crowd that

67. Gabrielle :- Childhood obesity used to be a
makes it so exciting.
problem just in the US, but it is a problem now,
B) Perhaps you can try at least once.
here in Britain too.
C) Hooligans may be the real threat, so you
Lucy :- Yes, in fact they say that obese
are right!
children are becoming even more obese in
D) That sounds very disappointing! Why
Britain. It’s a real tragedy.
bother going to the games then?
Gabrielle :- ----
E) That’s a good idea! You’ll be happier at
Lucy :- I agree. Unless more awareness
home.
is raised, little will be done.

A) I don’t think that their claims are completely

true.
B) I am so glad that my child is not
overweight.
C) I especially try to be careful about what I
eat and drink.
D) I’m sure it’s not such a big problem here in
Britain.
E) I think parents as well as authorities need
to be reminded of its consequences.

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 70. The normal school obviously doesn't have
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. the resources necessary to cope with badly
handicapped children.

68. My experiences in China were quite unlike

A) When children are seriously handicapped,
anything else that had ever happened to me.
the ordinary school has to find ways of
answering their needs.
A) Life in China is quite different from
B) The needs of such handicapped children
anything I've come across elsewhere.
are beyond the range of any ordinary
B) The events I encountered in China were
school programme.
unique; I'd known nothing like them before.
C) Seriously handicapped children cannot fit
C) I hope that my experiences in China will
into the routine of ordinary school life.
never be repeated anywhere.
D) In an ordinary school, the needs of
D) Going to China was an interesting
seriously handicapped children tend to get
experience, quite unlike what I was
forgotten.
prepared for.
E) When it's a case of seriously handicapped
E) I found myself in a unique situation in
children, the average school simply cannot
China and presumably I will never know
meet their needs.
the like of it again.
71. He finds the new job for more demanding
69. Basically, the witnesses all gave a uniform
than the old one, but I expect he'll soon get
account of the incident but, as might be
used to it.
expected, there were some small
discrepancies in the details.
A) He has to put a lot more effort into this job
than into the previous one, but he'll soon
A) All the witnesses gave a very detailed
get used to it.
account of the incident and apparently a
B) His former job was easier than his present
very accurate one.
one, but that was because he was used to
B) It wouldn't have surprised one if there had
it.
been differences in the details supplied by
C) Once he was settled into his new job, he'll
the witnesses, but actually they were in full
probably find it just as stimulating as his
agreement over the incident.
old one.
C) The accounts of the incident given by the
D) Until he's familiar with the work in the new
various witnesses were surprisingly similar
job, he's obviously going to find it less
even as regards the details.
pleasant than the old one.
D) Not surprisingly, the witnesses gave
E) Until he gets accustomed to the new job,
slightly varied accounts of the incident but
he'll wish he had stayed in the old one.
there was complete agreement on the
main facts.
E) Apart from one or two very crucial details
the witnesses gave quite similar
descriptions of the incident.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 74. Nineteenth-century liberals had confidence
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek in science. Not only did science deliver
cümleyi bulunuz. technological and material progress, but it
also confirmed liberals‘ faith in the power of
human reason to uncover and command the
72. The lives of wildlife producers and
laws of nature. ---- Evolutionary theory,
cameramen, like the lives of many people
psychology and social sciences all
who attract attention, certainly appear to be
introduced visions of humanity that were
glamorous. ----.Still, when work goes well,
sharply at odds with conventional liberal
the job-satisfaction it offers is fantastic.
wisdom. At the same time, artists and
intellectuals mounted their own revolt
A) For several consecutive days there was
against nineteenth-century conventions.
nothing at all to film
Morals, manners, institutions, and
B) Since wild animals blend well into the
traditions: all established values and
background, following them with a camera
assumptions were under question.
can be hard
C) The reality, however, is often no more than
A) Geologists have always challenged the
long working hours far from home
Biblical account of creation.
D) Feature films are less demanding and also
B) These upheavals in the world of ideas
less satisfying
unsettled older conceptions of individuality.
E) Getting permission to film can also be a
C) Towards the end of the century, however,
major problem
scientific developments defied these
expectations.
73. After earning his degree, John M. Keynes
D) The scientists of the time held the view that
became a civil servant, taking a job with the
the world had been formed over millions of
India Office in Whitehall, London. ----. With
years.
the onset of World War I, Keynes returned to
E) The implications of Darwin‘s writings went
government employment, this time in the
far beyond the domain of the evolutionary
Treasury.
sciences.

A) Between the wars, Keynes wrote his most

75. Detecting a virus on any nanosize particle
famous work: The General Theory of
usually means fixing it to a substrate or
Employment, Interest and Money
attaching a fluorescent probe to it, neither of
B) After World War I, he attended the
which is practical for detecting particles in
Versailles Peace Conference
real time. ----.The system splits a laser beam
C) His book, The Economic Consequences of
in two, sending one half to a sample. When
the Peace, condemned the Versailles
the light hits a small particle, it is reflected
Peace Treaty and its negotiators
back and recombined with the reserved half
D) His wife, a Russian ballerina, was very
of the laser beam, producing a detectable
active in promoting the arts
interference pattern only when a moving
E) After a while, he returned to Cambridge,
particle is present.
where he taught economics at the
University
A) The method works because it relies on the
light’s amplitude rather than its intensity
B) The investigators have so far detected
single particles as small as seven
nanometres across
C) Now physicists have assembled a simple
system for doing just that
D) A substrate is a substance that reacts
when it comes into contact with a particular
enzyme
E) Amplitude is the square root of intensity

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76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 79. (I) One of the curious facts of being in business
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü is that we tend to pay more attention to winning
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. new customers than to looking after them and
keeping them loyal once we have won them. (II)
Some people might regard this as an
76. (I) Training children to cope with their fear of
incomprehensible mystery– why do we behave
treatment presents special problems for health
like that? (III) But I do not really think it is much
psychologists, (ll) Paediatric hospitals often
of a mystery. (IV) Customers, therefore, are
offer some type of preparation programme for
more sophisticated and demanding than ever.
children. (Ill) Group tours and discussions are
(V) It is human nature for us to be excited by
the most common type of preparation, but the
new opportunities.
effectiveness of such interventions is
questionable. (IV) Providing children and
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
parents with information about hospital
procedures and equipment is a more effective
80. (I) Fred Astaire was a dancer and singer who
way to decrease anxiety.(V) Anxiety can be
starred in 32 Hollywood musicals along with
described as a psychological state that causes
other films, beginning in the early 1930s and
failure.
continuing until shortly before his death in 1987.
(II) At Hollywood parties of the 1940s, he was
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
known for always going home early. (III)
Although the titles of many of his films are now
77. (I) Accounting is an information system that
forgotten, there are a handful of works that can
measures business activity, processes the data
justly be called unforgettable. (IV) None of the
into reports and conveys the results to decision
films was burdened with plot, dialogue or
makers. (II) Thus, accounting is the language of
characterization that could be called
business. (III) The better you understand the
credible.(V) What they did display was a record
language of business, the better you can
of what choreographers called “the most
manage your own business. (IV) For example,
interesting, inventive and elegant dancer of our
to decide whether or not to borrow money for
times.”
your business, you need to consider your
income and whether you will be able to pay
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
back the loan.(V) Otherwise, companies use
accounting information to set annual goals and
measure progress toward these goals.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) A state should not just be a safety net but

also a universal provider for its citizens. (II) This
means the state should provide certain
essential services such as defence, education
and health, and at the same time help people in
difficulties. (III) Most governments promise to
cut taxes significantly. (IV) Decent governments
start from that principle, yet in time, it gets
eroded. (V) What corrects this erosion is a
crisis such as the recent one that has hit the
world economy and then the poor are helped in
more efficient ways while the rich are not
unnecessarily helped.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 42 6. There were plenty of people willing to ---- the

experiment as the subject, “controlling
emotions”, attracted them.
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) fill out
B) take part in
1. Because of the time needed to develop C) watch out for
expertise, scientists tend to continue D) make do with
working in a single area for a ---- length of E) open up
time, perhaps even throughout their lives.
7. It ---- that, by 2050, global life expectancy ---
A) substantial - by another ten years.
B) thorough
C) moderate A) seemed / would have been increasing
D) qualitative B) seems / will have increased
E) comprehensive C) has seemed / will be increasing
D) would seem / has increased
2. Golf will soon ---- the destination for many E) will seem / would increase
vacationers and property owners over the
next few years. 8. Until recently, people ---- that the global
system for mobile communication network -
A) attribute --- the most secure method of long-distance
B) attract communication, but this is not so any
C) fulfil longer.
D) confirm
E) determine A) had believed / can be
B) believe / is
3. The rise of lay education during the C) would have believed / will have been
medieval intellectual revival was an ---- D) believed / was
important development in the history of E) will believe / will be
Western Europe.
9. Contrary to popular belief, psychodynamic
A) anxiously studies ---- that older adults ---- less
B) enormously psychologically resistant than younger
C) independently persons to unpleasant thoughts.
D) evenly
E) abnormally A) had revealed / will be
B) revealed / have been
4. Because saliva offers some natural C) have revealed / are
protection against tooth ----, less saliva can D) reveal / should have been
lead to more cavities. E) will reveal / had been

A) treatment 10. If she ---- energy-spending activities into her

B) surgery daily routine when she was younger, she ----
C) care a weight control programme today.
D) growth
E) decay A) could incorporate / doesn’t have to attend
B) incorporated / didn’t have to attend
5. An important aspect of the application of C) would incorporate / wouldn’t have had to
mathematics is that different ways of attend
making mathematical sense of everyday D) had incorporated / wouldn’t have to attend
questions ---- different answers. E) was able to incorporate / hadn’t had to
attend
A) keep up
B) bring over
C) lead to
D) show off
E) find out

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

11. A company waiting to capitalize on 16. Orchids are divided ---- two major
international opportunities cannot wait too categories, based ---- where they grow.
long to see ---- happens on political and
economic fronts. A) between / to
B) among / upon
A) that C) into / on
B) whichever D) to / in
C) which E) within / at
D) what
E) whenever

12. ---- you were born poor and lack good looks,
there is still plenty you can do to improve
your chances of success.

A) While
B) As if
C) When
D) Even if
E) As far as

13. --- certain lifestyle changes can result in

weight loss for some, many obese patients
need more efficacious interventions for
weight reduction.

A) Because
B) Although
C) When
D) If
E) As long as

14. ---- populating both the inner and outer

surfaces of the human body, microbes
abound in the soil, the seas, and the air.

A) According to
B) As to
C) In contrast to
D) In addition to
E) In order to

15. Geochronology is the branch ---- geology

that deals with the dating ---- the Earth by
studying rocks and contained fossils.

A) in / from
B) of / of
C) within / through
D) among / in
E) about / inside

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Charles Fort, though he died in 1932, still attracts Towards the end of the 19th century the typewriter
considerable attention. (17) ---- a journalist and was already becoming popular, and new models
writer, he was fascinated by all manner of rapidly followed (22) ----. In particular, designers
unexplained stories. He was a (18) ---- writer of both (23) ---- ways of making them smaller and lighter.
fiction and non-fiction, but it is believed that he (19) - Aluminum came to their aid. Up to that time
--- many of his manuscripts before they ever came aluminum had been (24) ---- expensive for use in
to publication. One of his friends (20) ---- the anything except luxury items. But, following the
Fortean Society which published Fort's articles discovery in 1886 of an electrolytic refining method
before and after his death; and the Fortean Society the (25) ---- had increased and the price had
Magazine which (21) ---- became the Fortean times accordingly (26) ----.
is still being published.
22.
17. A) one another
A) For B) each one
B) As C) the next
C) Even D) another
D) Like E) the other one
E) Just
23.
18. A) are seeking
A) various B) would seek
B) confidential C) have sought
C) loyal D) sought
D) vague E) would be seeking
E) prolific
24.
19. A) such
A) would destroy B) too
B) was destroyed C) more
C) destroys D) as
D) destroyed E) so
E) would have destroyed
25.
20. A) supply
A) set up B) excess
B) fixed up C) cost
C) put on D) amount
D) brought on E) process
E) made up
26.
21. A) risen
A) generally B) fallen
B) eventually C) exchanged
C) completely D) ceased
D) frequently E) delayed
E) exceptionally

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. ----, but just over 1 per cent of them spend
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. the night in Umbria, in the south of Tuscany.

A) Visitors to Lake Trasimeno will see few

other tourists
27. Even if tumours grow in and disrupt the
B) Perugia is home to a world-famous jazz
brain, ----.
festival in the summer and a chocolate
festival in the fall
A) cancers are named according to the organ
C) In the town of Deruta, handmade gift-items
or tissue in which they originate
fill many shop Windows
B) cancer cells may continue to grow until they
D) Tuscany attracts more than 12 per cent of
kill the organism
all visitors to Italy
C) they can often be removed completely by
E) Scenic stone hilltowns such as Assisi and
surgery
Gubbio are among the main attractions
D) certain brain diseases change the pattern of
brain waves
31. According to a report released by the US
E) symptoms result when brain tissue is
Secret Service, the Middle East is one of the
destroyed or pressure builds on the brain
world‘s hot spots ----.

28. ----, yet relatively few have been identified in

A) as there are other conspiracy theories
modern organisms.
emanating from the region
B) whether Iran and Syria are actively engaged
A) Scientists hypothesize that the human
in economic warfare against the US
hepatitis delta virus (HDV) arose from a
C) when it comes to counterfeit US currency
ribozyme
D) while the Iranian government dismisses
B) The CPEB3 ribozyme is structurally and
charges of collaboration with counterfeiters
biochemically related to human hepatitis
E) although there is a conspiracy to undermine
deltavirus (HDV) ribozymes
the USeconomy through counterfeit
C) This ribozyme occurs exclusively in
currency
mammals
D) The selection had yielded several
32. Physical activity limits the rise in blood
ribozymes
glucose that would normally occur after a
E) Ribozymes are thought to have played a
meal ----.
pivotal role in the early evolution of life
A) but aerobic exercise is typically
29. Whenever doctors consider prescribing a
recommended for people who want to lose
drug, ----.
weight
B) since research is ongoing in this area
A) infrequent headaches or muscle strains can
C) whereas it takes weeks to months of
be relieved with over-the-counter drugs
aerobic training to improve physical fitness
B) they must weigh the possible risks against
D) that it will be required only under certain
the expected benefits
specific conditions
C) infants and very young children are at
E) by making insulin work better in moving
special risk of adverse drug reactions
glucose into muscle
D) it’s necessary to accept a higher risk of a
severe drug reaction to treat a life-
33. ---- as to why human mental capacities are
threatening disease
so much greater than those of chimpanzees.
E) potential benefits and risks were seldom
able to be determined with mathematical
A) Two scientists recently reported
precision
B) Scientists have always suspected
C) Researchers have found a clue
D) The newly adopted scheme also includes a
third category
E) Such a decision was reached after days of
debate

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34. In the 1970s and 1980s, Colombia became 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
one of the international centres for illegal anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
drug production and trafficking ----. cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz.
A) because the drug cartels virtually controlled
the country
37. The Egyptian technique of pressing together
B) even though 2 million Colombians have left
vertical and horizontal wet strips of fibre
the country in the past several years
from the core of the papyrus plant is similar
C) that the government unsuccessfully
to the bonding of the cellulose in modern
attempted to stem the guerrilla violence
paper making, but was other wise very
D) just as the leading drug dealers were
different.
offered lenient punishment in exchange for
their surrender
A) Enine ve boyuna döşenen ıslak papirüs
E) since the country has turned into a
özü liflerinin sıkıştırılmasına dayanan Mısır
battleground with bombs, killings and
kağıt yapımı tekniği, modern kağıt
kidnappings
yapımında selülozun sıkıştırılmasına
benzeyen bir tekniktir, ancak pek çok
35. In the late 1920s, many politicians were
açıdan farklılıklar bulunmaktadır.
cautiously optimistic ----.
B) Papirüs bitkisi özünden çıkartılan ıslak lif
şeritlerini yatay ve düşey biçimde
A) if the Nazis tried to eliminate the influences
döşedikten sonra bir araya getirerek
of American popular culture, which they
sıkıştıran Mısır tekniği, modern kağıt
regarded as an example of cultural
yapımı sürecinde selülozun sıkıştırılmasına
degeneracy
benzer özellikler gösterse de, temelde
B) in case the Nazis, like other authoritarian
oldukça farklı bir yöntemdir.
governments, had used mass media as an
C) Her ne kadar çok farklı gibi görünse de,
efficient means of indoctrination and control
papirüs bitkisi özünden elde edilen ıslak
C) that the economic troubles and political
lifleri şeritler halinde enine ve boyuna
turmoil, which had been brought about by
döşedikten sonra sıkıştırarak kağıt
World War I, could easily be overcome
yapmayı sağlayan Mısır tekniği, günümüz
D) just as one powerful influence on the artists
selüloz liflerini sıkıştırma yoluyla kağıt
and intellectuals of the time was neither
yapma yöntemine benzer özellikler
social nor political, but scientific
gösterir.
E) so that artists might continue to focus on
D) Modern kağıt yapımındaki selüloz
subjective experiences, multiplicities of
sıkıştırma yöntemi ile Mısırlıların papirüs
meaning, and personal expression
özünden çıkarttıkları ıslak lifleri çapraz
biçimde sıkıştırıp kağıt yapma yöntemi bazı
36. France’s biggest problem is mass
önemli farklılıkları saymazsak, temelde
unemployment , ----.
benzerlik gösterir.
E) Mısırlıların papirüs bitkisi özünden elde
A) since students are protesting against a new,
edilen, enine ve boyuna yerleştirilmiş ıslak
more flexible job contract
lif şeritlerini birlikte sıkıştırma tekniği,
B) if employers transform permanent jobs into
günümüz kağıt yapımında selülozun
less secure ones
sıkıştırılmasına benzer, ancak bu teknik
C) which had been outside the control of the
başka açılardan çok farklıydı.
government for at least two decades
D) as long as the government continues to
support the heavily-protected high-level
workers
E) which has continued for more than two
decades

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38. One of the most interesting applications of 41. Genel olarak, okur-yazarlık oranlarındaki
laserlight is the production of three- artış düzeylerine rağmen, kadınlar hâlâ
dimensional images called 'holograms.' okuma yazma bilmeyen dünya nüfusunun
yaklaşık üçte ikisini temsil etmektedirler.
A) 'Hologram' denilen ve üç boyutlu olan
görüntülerin üretilmesi, lazer ışığının en A) Despite the fact that the levels of literacy
ilginç kullanımlarından bir tanesidir. rates have increased in general, two-thirds
B) Lazer ışığının en ilginç uygulamalarından of women still represent the illiterate
biri, 'hologram' adı verilen üç boyutlu population of the world.
görüntülerin üretilmesidir. B) In spite of the increased levels of literacy
C) 'Hologram' olarak bilinen üç boyutlu around the world in general, women still
görüntüler, lazer ışığının en ilginç bir account for twothirds of the world’s illiterate
şekilde kullanımı ile üretilmektedir. people.
D) Lazer ışığının en ilginç bir başka kullanımı, C) No matter what the general levels of
'hologram' olarak tanımlanan üç boyutlu increase in literacy rates are, it is still the
görüntü üretimidir. women who represent almost two-thirds of
E) En ilginç bir uygulama ile, lazer ışığı, the world’s illiterate population.
'hologram' denilen üç boyutlu görüntülerin D) However increased the levels of literacy
üretiminde kullanılmaktadır. rates may be, women, whose number still
makes up nearly two-thirds of the world’s
39. The trait that makes human language population, represent the illiterate portion.
different from animal language is the E) Despite levels of increase in literacy rates,
complexity of sentence structures that we generally, women still represent almost
employ. twothirds of the world’s illiterate population.

A) Hayvan diliyle insan dili birbirinden farklıdır 42. Avustralya’nın büyük bir bölümü, batı
çünkü insanlar karmaşık cümle yapıları kıyılarına yakın çıplak tepelere dönüşen bir
kullanırlar. çölden oluşur.
B) İnsanların kullandığı karmaşık dil yapıları,
insan dilini hayvanlarınkinden farklı kılar. A) A large part of Australia consists of desert
C) İnsan dilini hayvan dilinden farklı kılan land and, near the west coast, of barren
özellik, kullandığımız cümle yapılarının hills.
karmaşıklığıdır. B) A major part of Australia consists of a
D) İnsan dili hayvan dilinden karmaşık cümle desert that turns into barren hills near the
yapılarıyla ayrılır. west coast.
E) Karmaşık cümle yapıları kullanılması C) Large parts of Australia are covered with
nedeniyle insan ve hayvan dilleri desert and there are barren hills along the
birbirinden farklıdır. west coast.
D) The barren hills of the west coast of
40. Olağanüstü bir yaratıcılığa sahip olan Paul Australia gradually give way to a huge
Cézanne, çağının en yenilikçi ressamıydı. desert in the central part.
E) Much of Australia is covered with desert,
A) Paul Cézanne, who had extraordinary and along the west coast there is a line of
creativity, was the most revolutionary barren hills.
painter of his age.
B) A painter with extraordinary creativity, Paul
Cézanne was an extremely revolutionary
painter of his time.
C) Paul Cézanne had extraordinary creativity
which made him a revolutionary painter of
his age.
D) It was Paul Cézanne’s extraordinary
creativity that made him the most
revolutionary painter of his time.
E) As the most revolutionary painter of his
time, Paul Cézanne had extraordinary
creativity.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 44. It is pointed out in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. cloud of dust caused by the supposed
meteor impact ----.

In 1980, the physicist Luís Alvarez and his son

Walter advanced a startling theory about the demise A) caused the fossils of that period to be
of the dinosaurs: that it was caused by forces that particularly easy to extract
came from beyond this world. They hypothesized B) poisoned the plants and animals living on
that perhaps a meteor impact had ended the age of Earth at that time
the dinosaurs. The primary evidence was that in soil C) made the Earth dark and cold for a very
core samples taken in locations around the globe, long time, causing plants and animals to
iridium, a substance very rare on Earth but die
prevalent on asteroids, had been found in a thin D) did not contain iridium
layer of clay separating the fossil-rich rock of the E) formed a very large crater in Mexico when
late Cretaceous period (the end of the dinosaur age) it settled
and the sparsely fossiled rock of the Tertiary period
that followed. The Alvarezes hypothesized that a
very large extraterrestrial object had slammed into 45. We understand from the passage that, by
the planet, sending an enormous fireball into the the time of the Tertiary period, ----.
stratosphere, along with vast amounts of debris. A
great cloud of dust enshrouded Earth, blocking
sunlight for months, even years, and plants and A) the dinosaurs had died out
animals perished in the ensuing cold and dark. B) forces from beyond this world had invaded
When the dust finally settled back to Earth, it formed the planet
the telltale worldwide layer of iridium in the clay. The C) the dust from the meteor impact had still
scientific world was not impressed by the theory. not settled
Indeed, some scientists scoffed at the Alvarezes’ D) fossils were well-preserved
hypothesis, but in 1990 scientists realized that a E) the age of the dinosaurs was thriving
crater of 112 miles in diametre in Mexico and dated
at 65 million years old might be evidence that the
dinosaurs had indeed died out due to the effects of 46. According to the passage, the main proof
a giant meteor. given by Luís and Walter Alvarez of a giant
meteor impact that could have destroyed
the dinasours was ----.

43. It is clear from the passage that, when the

Alvarezes advanced their meteor-impact A) the fossil-rich rock of the late Cretaceous
theory, ----. period
B) a great cloud of dust surrounding Earth
C) the 112-mile-wide crater they had
A) their focus was mostly on the Tertiary discovered
period D) an enormous fireball in the stratosphere
B) it was not a surprising idea E) the presence of iridium in soil all over the
C) they didn’t make use of core samples world
D) few scientists believed them
E) there were vast amounts of debris in the
stratosphere

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. It is pointed out in the passage that the use
cevaplayınız. of the clock dial ----.

A) is no longer practical since one is often

There seems no question but that the clock dial,
confused about the meaning of the words
which has existed in its present form since the
“clockwise” and “counter-clockwise”
seventeenth century and in earlier forms since
B) was most popular in the seventeenth
ancient times, is on its way out. More and more
century but has since lost its importance
common are the digital clocks that mark off the
C) is still widely used despite the
hours, minutes, and seconds in ever-changing
technological progress in the manufacture
numbers. This certainly appears to be an advance
of digital clocks
in technology. You will no longer have to interpret
D) has improved enormously since the
the meaning of “the big hand on the eleven and the
seventeenth century due to advances in
little hand on the five.” Your digital clock will tell you
technology
at once that it is 4:55. And yet there will be a loss in
E) has a very long history though at present it
the conversion of dial to digital, and no one seems
is becoming less and less popular
to be worrying about it. Actually, when something
turns, it can turn in just one of two ways, clockwise
49. In the passage, the author admits that digital
or counter-clockwise, and we all know which is
clocks, compared with dial clocks, ----.
which. Clockwise is the normal turning direction of
the hands of a clock, and counter-clockwise is the
A) have a number of drawbacks which make
opposite of that. Since we all stare at clocks (dial
their use rather restricted
clocks, that is), we have no trouble following
B) can, in the long run, be replaced by
directions or descriptions that include those words.
technologically new and more efficient
But if dial clocks disappear, so will the meaning of
clocks
those words for anyone who has never stared at
C) are technologically more advanced and tell
anything but digitals.
time very precisely
D) do not seem to have much efficiency and
47. The author maintains that, when dial clocks
easily break down
go out of use and only digitals are used, ----.
E) have ceased to be in widespread use due
to some inexplicable technological
A) the words “clockwise” and “counter-
shortcomings
clockwise” will cease to carry any meaning
B) people will continue to use the words
50. The author asserts that people ----.
“clockwise” and “counter-clockwise” on a
regular basis
A) are not aware of the fact that in antiquity
C) it will be quite confusing for everyone to tell
time was completely disregarded
the time right away
B) do not seem to be concerned about “the
D) most people will wonder about the
loss” that the replacement of dial clocks by
meanings of the words “clockwise” and
digitals will cause
“counter-clockwise”
C) can also define their position accurately by
E) it will certainly be a major technological
using digital clocks
change unprecedented in the past
D) today have a growing interest in dial clocks
and value them very much
E) have already stopped using the words
“clockwise” and “counter-clockwise” to
indicate directions

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. According to the passage, obesity in
cevaplayınız. animals can be caused by ----.

A) stimulation of the ventromedial nucleus in

Stimulation of several areas of the hypothalamus in
the hypothalamus
the brain causes an animal to experience extreme
B) a damaged lateral hypothalamic area
hunger, a voracious appetite, and an intense desire
C) irreparable bilateral damage to the
to search for food. The area most associated with
ventromedial nucleus
hunger is the lateral hypothalamic area. Damage to
D) over-stimulation of the satiety centre
this area sometimes causes the animal to lose
E) the easy availability of food
desire for food, sometimes causing lethal starvation.
On the other hand, a centre in the hypothalamus
54. We see from the passage that, when the
that opposes the desire for food, called the satiety
lateral hypothalamic area of an animal’s
centre, is located in the ventromedial nucleus. When
brain is damaged, the animal ----.
this centre is stimulated electrically, an animal that
is eating food suddenly stops eating and shows
A) cannot control its activities
complete indifference to food. However, if this area
B) may starve to death
is destroyed bilaterally, the animal cannot be
C) becomes overactive
satiated; instead, its hypothalamic hunger centres
D) is in danger of also losing the ventromedial
become overactive, so that it has a voracious
nucleus
appetite, resulting in tremendous obesity.
E) loses all sensitivity to stimulation of the
brain
51. It is pointed out in the passage that the
satiety centre, when stimulated, causes an
animal to ----.

A) lose interest in eating

B) have a voracious appetite
C) have an overactive hunger centre
D) have an intense desire to search for food
E) connect this stimulation directly with
hunger

52. The topic of this passage is ----.

A) the effect of the destruction of the main

areas of the brain
B) the effect of brain damage on the choice of
food
C) changes in the lateral hypothalamic area of
the brain resulting from starvation
D) the stimulation of different areas of the
brain
E) the hypothalamus and its relation to
appetite

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. It is pointed out in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. Angolan government ----.

Angola’s emergence as a serious player in the A) is working on multi-billion dollar deepwater

global oil sector has been underlined by the investment programmes to be
publication of its latest production figures. After implemented in 2008
several years of slow output growth, the fruits of the B) feels that its 2008 oil production target may
multi-billion dollar deepwater investment programme not be realized due to the high costs of
are finally feeding through. Thus, production deepwater investments
reached 1.3 million barrels a day during the final C) is resolved to challenge only Libya for oil
quarter of 2005. With the new deepwater fields now leadership in Africa
coming into production, the government’s target of D) has invested huge sums for the production
producing 2 million barrels a day by 2008 now of oil from its deepwater fields
seems eminently within reach. In the meantime, E) announced that it has published its oil
official Angolan government figures indicate that oil figures in order to prove to the world that it
production averaged 1.25 million barrels a day is a serious player in the global oil sector
during the course of 2005, a steep jump on the year
before. In addition, the government’s estimate of
proven oil reserves has finally been increased from 58. It is pointed out in the passage that,
5.4 billion barrels to 12.4 billion barrels. This shows according to the Angolan government, ----.
that, as sub-Saharan Africa’s second biggest oil
producer after Nigeria, Angola is in an excellent
position to overtake countries such as Libya and A) the country’s verified oil reserves are more
Algeria in the table of oil powers on the continent as than twice the original estimate
a whole. B) the country owns the largest and most
productive deepwater oil fields in sub-
Saharan Africa
C) Angola has already become the largest oil
55. It is suggested in the passage that, with its producer in all of Africa
rich oil reserves and rapidly increasing oil D) after 2008, Nigeria and other oil producing
production, Angola ----. countries in Africa will no longer be major
players in the global oil sector
A) has become one of the major oil powers in E) the country’s deepwater oil reserves have
Africa finally been verified but are too costly to be
B) has already completely left behind such exploited
major oil producers as Nigeria, Libya and
Algeria
C) has emerged as a threat in sub-Saharan
Africa as well as the global oil sector
D) can be regarded as a long-time
constructive player in the African oil league
E) has always been in fierce competition with
Nigeria and other sub-Saharan African
countries

56. One understands from the passage that

Angola’s previously poor oil output ----.

A) can only be improved through the

exploitation of its deepwater reserves
B) has improved dramatically and reached a
record level in 2005
C) is related to Nigeria’s dominant position in
the sub-Saharan oil sector
D) prevents it from competing efficiently with
other oil producing countries
E) does not make it a current major player in
the global oil sector

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. We understand from the passage that
cevaplayınız. landfills and waste water treatment facilities
are examples of ----.

The concentrations of methane (CH4) and carbon

dioxide (CO2) gases in the atmosphere have both A) natural sources of carbon dioxide
risen dramatically since the start of the Industrial B) ways to boost the production of OH in the
Revolution. However, unlike its more familiar atmosphere
greenhouse gas cousin, atmospheric methane has C) man-made sources of methane
recently stopped increasing in abundance. This D) high levels of atmospheric methane
development wasn’t entirely unanticipated, given E) the recent stabilization of methane levels
that the rate of increase has been slowing for at
least a quarter century. The recent stabilization of
methane levels is something that some scientists 62. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.
are trying very hard to explain. Methane has many
sources. Some are natural, such as wetlands and
plants, and some are the consequences of modern A) atmospheric methane is produced only by
society, such as landfills and wastewater treatment. human activity
Methane is destroyed principally by its reaction with B) the greenhouse effect of methane is not as
the hydroxyl radical (OH) in the lower atmosphere. widely-known as that of carbon dioxide
One theory about the stabilization of methane levels C) scientists expect atmospheric methane
is that deforestation has reduced the number of levels to continue rising
plants contributing to atmospheric methane. Another D) deforestation contributes to increasing
idea is that an increase in the prevalence of tropical atmospheric methane levels
thunderstorms may have raised the amounts of the E) carbon dioxide is not as important as
various nitrogen oxides high in the atmosphere. methane in terms of causing global
There, these gases have the side effect of boosting warming
the production of OH, which in turn acts to destroy
methane.

59. It is pointed out in the passage that methane

in the atmosphere is destroyed primarily by
----.

A) the interventions of scientists

B) the presence of carbon dioxide gas
C) wetlands and plants
D) contact with OH, the hydroxyl radical
E) the Industrial Revolution

60. According to the passage, although

atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue
to rise, ----.

A) atmospheric methane levels are no longer

rising
B) an increase in tropical thunderstorms may
reduce these carbon dioxide levels
C) this rise is expected to level out some time
in the next quarter-century
D) scientists are trying very hard to explain
this increase
E) they are not evenly distributed

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Hank :- Do you ever think scientists will
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi be able to find answers to the fundamental
bulunuz. questions about our universe?
Paul :- Well, physicists are working on
it, but it seems that the more they learn, the
63. Vera :- I remember being at the
more questions they have.
Governor's Ball, and watching Warren talking
Hank :- ----
excitedly to my ex husband!
Paul :- Well, certainly not within our
Nicola :- ---- .
lifetime.
Vera :- Well, I was so astonished, I just
stood there staring at them.
A) Then, physicists do have the answer.
Nicola :- Did you ever find out what they
B) That’s a bit pessimistic.
were talking about?
C) Are you saying it is not possible at all?
Vera :- No, he wouldn't say!
D) That’s not a very clear answer.
E) In fact, there is just so much to do.
A) The Governor’s Ball! I don’t believe it!
B) Why were you invited there?
66. Daniel :- Have you read about that
C) Are you sure of that?
interesting NASA landing on Mars in 2004?
D) Who is Warren, anyway?
Maxine :- ----.
E) What was your reaction?
Daniel :- Exactly, and the results from
both sites were very interesting. Actually,
64. Simon :- I watched a report about
contrary to popular belief, water appears to
children who spend their time glued to TV
have played only a minor role in the past few
screens.
billion years.
Carole :- Yes, I saw a part of it too.
Maxine :- Yes, I must admit I found that
Apparently the researchers say it can cause
quite surprising.
psychological problems. Do you think that's
true?
A) What was the purpose of the landing?
Simon :- ---- .
Were they trying to find traces of life?
Carole :- Yes. But either way, excessive
B) Are you talking about the research that
TV viewing is probably a warning sign of
was able to determine the age of the
deeper psychological issues.
planet?
C) Was that really in 2004? I thought it was
A) The researchers should look into how to
much more recent than that.
best treat these children and cure them of
D) Do you mean the one where they landed
their addiction.
two really complex machines at two
B) They can’t say whether TV creates these
different sites?
problems or whether the children had pre-
E) Wasn’t that the experiment where they
existing mental health problems.
were able to prove there was no water on
C) The decision to turn off TV rests with the
the planet?
parents of these children.
D) I think the researchers should see if
physical exercise can offset the effects of
sitting in front of a TV screen for so long.
E) The children should be made to watch
more educational programmes to help
them overcome their problems.

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67. Mrs. Stone :- ---- 69. Information systems technology is one of

Clinic Receptionist:- Did you make an several tools available to managers for
appointment? coping with change.
Mrs. Stone :- No, but my son has just fallen
and hurt himself. I couldn’t have made an A) The best means by which managers can
appointment for that, could I? cope with change is Information systems
Clinic Receptionist:- OK, Madam, the doctor technology.
does try to attend to emergencies, but normally B) Information systems technology is the one
he is so busy that he can only see patients medium which managers turn to when
when they have an appointment. change becomes inevitable.
C) With the introduction of information
A) What shall I do? Shall I go to a hospital? systems technology managers now have a
B) Excuse me for a few minutes. Please bring tool to ensure they can cope with change.
your son into the treatment room. D) Information systems technology is one of a
C) Can I see the doctor please? My son hurt number of mediums which managers can
his knee. turn to when faced with change.
D) I know it is your turn, but this child needs E) With the assistance of, for instance,
immediate treatment. information systems technology, managers
E) Where's the doctor 's office? I’ve got an find they can keep control over change.
appointment for my son.
70. He has retired, and he is now consultant for
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en several businesses and this brings him in
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. more money than he ever used to earn in his
full-time job.
68. I was tempted to resign there and then, but
I'm glad now that I didn't. A) If he had wanted to retire, he could have
acted as a consultant for several agencies
A) I rather wish I'd had the courage to hand in and this would have given him a better
my resignation straight away. income.
B) I wanted to give in my resignation B) Once he had retired, he became a
immediately, and I rather regret that I consultant for several organizations
didn't. because he needed an additional income.
C) I felt like handing in my resignation on the C) So that his income would not drop when he
spot, but I know now I would have retired from full-time employment, he
regretted it. started to work in an advisory capacity for
D) If I were to resign now, I'd probably regret several organizations.
it. D) Though he has been retired for some time,
E) Even now I find the idea of resigning rather he now earns twice as much as when he
tempting, and may do so. was in a full-time job, because he is
working as a consultant for quite a lot of
firms.
E) He earned less when he was in full-time
employment than he does now that he is
retired and acting as a consultant for two or
three firms.

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71. More market research on the likelihood of 73. Ice climbing and rock climbing share some
the success of such an item is definitely important features. Both use ropes,
called for, before we invest more time, harnesses, and other specialized equipment
money or effort in it. for ascending steep granite or blue ice. ----.
A rock climber follows the natural cracks or
A) Once market research findings suggest it is weaknesses in the rock whereas, with ice
likely that this article will sell well, we will tools in each hand, an ice climber has more
definitely start to invest more time, money freedom to blaze a path up and is limited
and effort in it. only by the ice conditions and the
B) A great deal of time, money and effort has technology of the tools.
already been invested in this particular
item, but market research findings are not A) Most ice climbing trips require an arduous
very positive as to the likelihood of its trek into the mountains and possibly
success. several nights out in the cold
C) We really must not invest more time, B) But, the method of climbing in each case is
money or effort in this particular item until different
market research provides us with more C) However, climbing itself has always been
grounds for believing that it will sell. considered to be very dangerous
D) Unless market research comes up with D) There are many tragic stories of climbing
some really good proof that such an article accidents
will market well, we must stop investing so E) But once you find your footing, ice climbing
much time, money and energy in it. can become addictive
E) We cannot go on investing time, money
and energy in a product of this nature while 74. Most foreign tourists visiting London come
market research findings regarding its to see the Houses of Parliament. This
selling potentiality are so dubious. monumental Gothic building on the River
Thames is probably Britain‘s best-known
landmark. Indeed, the people who come to
72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada visit it may know very little and care even
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek less about what happens inside, but they
cümleyi bulunuz. appreciate the place as one of the greatest
achievements of nineteenth-century art. ----.
72. If you have ever burned your finger on a Indeed, the Parliament is a magnificent
metal pot while waiting for the water in it to building.
boil, you know that water heats up much
more slowly than metal. In fact, because of A) Before the Norman Conquest in 1066, King
hydrogen bonding, water has a better ability Edward the Confessor established his
to resist temperature change than most palace on the site
other substances. ----. B) Also, most of those who work daily in the
building remain awed by its artistic power
A) Because of this property, Earth’s giant C) The disaster of the great fire of 1834
water supply moderates temperatures, destroyed much of the medieval palace
keeping them within limits that permit life D) For security reasons, the Houses of
B) Temperature and heat are related, but Parliament can no longer be viewed by the
different general public
C) Another way water moderates E) The word ―parliament‖ derives from the
temperatures is by evaporative cooling French word ―parler‖, which means ―to
D) At 66% of your body weight, water helps speak‖ or ―to talk‖
moderate your internal temperature
E) Water must absorb an unusually large
amount of heat in order to vaporize
because its hydrogen bonds tend to hold
the molecules in place

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75. The Africans who go abroad to work usually 78. (I) Two economists have systematically
send money back home to pay for their analyzed surveys over nearly a 30-year period
relatives‘ medical care, education, and that ask individuals to describe themselves as
housing. Today, most African countries get “happy, pretty happy or not too happy”. (II) Most
the largest part of their foreign exchange people would prefer to live in a country with a
earnings from such remittances. ---- Without high standard of living and few would want to
this subsidy, Africa‘s dictators would have experience poverty upclose. (III) The results of
to face the political consequences of an their work are provocative.(IV) Over the last 30
angry population. years, reported levels of happiness have
actually declined in the United States and
A) In Africa, foreign aid goes mostly to those remained relatively flat in the United Kingdom,
governments that have mismanaged their despite very large increases in per capita
economies. income in both countries. (V) Could it be the
B) There are over three million Nigerians in increased stress of everyday life that has taken
the US and another one million in Britain. its toll on our happiness, despite the increase in
C) From a quarter to almost 50% of university- income?
educated graduates from Ghana, Uganda,
and Kenya leave their countries to work in A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
the West.
D) Ironically, African citizens abroad subsidize 79. (I) The air we breathe is often dirty and
state corruption. contaminated with many pollutants, particularly
E) About three million middle-class in urban areas.(II) As a matter of fact, air
Zimbabweans have migrated to South pollution consists of gases, liquids, or solids
Africa since 1999. present in the atmosphere at levels high
enough to harm living beings as well as
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla materials. (III) Although air pollutants can come
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü from natural sources, human activities also
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. make a major contribution. (IV) Most industrial
countries have taken measures to reduce
76. (I) There are a great many more senior citizens carbon emissions. (V) For instance, motor
today than in the past. (II) There are also far vehicles and industry are the two main human
fewer young people to support them. (III) Most sources of air pollution.
people view the aging of our planet’s population
negatively, believing that it could cause A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
economic problems and social unrest. (IV)
Much research is being carried on to find ways 80. (I) A large body of water can store a huge
of helping people to live longer. (V) It is, amount of heat from the sun during warm
however, a fact that has to be faced, and one periods.(II) Evaporation from a plant’s leaves
should try to approach it in a positive way. keeps them from becoming too warm in the
sun. (III) At cooler times, heat given off from the
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V gradually cooling water can warm the air. (IV)
That is why coastal areas generally have milder
77. (I) Wealth began to pour into Istanbul as the climates than inland regions.(V) Moreover,
Ottoman State spread westwards. (II) Further, water’s resistance to temperature change also
the city had an influx of skilled craftsmen from stabilizes ocean temperatures, creating a
the new territories of the empire. (III) Towards favourable environment for marine life.
the end of the 17th century the Ottomans began
to lose their technological advantage over A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Europe. (IV) Thus, the city, which had begun to
fall into disrepair with the slow decline of the
Byzantine Empire, began to return to its former
glory. (V) This was helped by the works of the
great architect Sinan.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 43 6. Home heating, which ---- less than 7 per cent

of all energy consumed in the US, has had a
commendable efficiency record.
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) accounts for
B) comes with
1. Many people with a regular exercise C) joins in
programme accept minor injuries and D) picks up
soreness as an almost ---- component of E) brings out
their programme.
7. In addition to its preoccupation ---- the
A) irrelevant legacy of neorealism, Italian cinema also
B) available shifted ---- internationalism during the
C) inevitable 1970s.
D) expansive
E) irreversible A) with / towards
B) to / over
2. The book and movie series of Harry Potter C) for / at
has---- extremely popular, in part because D) of / in
the story involves witchcraft. E) about / by

A) concerned 8. Innovators ---- business, industry, education

B) admitted and the arts always try to find creative
C) become solutions ---- various problems.
D) played
E) reached A) through / at
B) for / about
3. For those obsessed with punctuality, new- C) with / within
generation clocks, which tune into the D) in / to
nearest official time transmitter to keep time E) over / by
----, have been developed.
9. The Bush Administration’s restoration of
A) sensibly diplomatic relations with Libya ---- more
B) accurately than a quarter of a century of often violent
C) adequately confrontation is largely the result of several
D) irreversibly years ---- painstaking and mostly secret
E) inevitably diplomacy.

4. For many years, Britain’s National Health A) for / by

Service has provided a basic standard of ---- B) in / over
at low cost. C) after / of
D) through / through
A) reversal E) at / with
B) symptom
C) expenditure 10. Soon after the end of World War I, pioneers
D) expectancy began to show that, ---- popular opinion,
E) care long distance flights across oceans could
be made in safety.
5. The Council of Europe, the continent’s
oldest political organization, was ---- in 1949 A) due to
to defend, among other things, human B) owing to
rights and the rule of law. C) in order to
D) contrary to
A) set up E) as regards
B) pulled through
C) set aside
D) put up
E) made out

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11. Enormous underground beds of sodium and 16. In general, the body ----nutrients best from
potassium compounds formed ---- lakes and foods in which the nutrients are diluted and
seas became isolated by geological events. dispersed among other ingredients that ----
their absorption.
A) as long as
B) so that A) can absorb / would have facilitated
C) even if B) absorbs / may facilitate
D) unless C) were to absorb / would facilitate
E) when D) has absorbed / used to facilitate
E) might absorb / must have facilitated
12. Animals trapped in stone called ‘amber’ are
sometimes so well preserved that they look
---- they have just died.

A) so that
B) in case
C) as though
D) even if
E) now that

13. Children who have received special

attention from trained teachers typically
have ---- IQs ---- do children who have not.

A) higher / than
B) so high / that
C) very high / but
D) both high / and
E) the highest / or

14. Germany and Poland ---- pivotal positions in

Europe, and the foreign policy challenges
each has faced ---- profound and, in some
senses, revolutionary.

A) would have occupied / will be

B) would be occupied / were
C) were occupying / had been
D) occupy / have been
E) have occupied / would have been

15. The World Trade Organization ---- the scope

of trading agreements in services and
investments since it began operating in the
1990s.

A) had increased
B) will have increased
C) is increasing
D) has increased
E) was increasing

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Criminal activities occur all over the world. (17) ---- There are many little-known diseases in the world.
in different communities the (18) ---- of crime may One of them is XP, a (22) ---- genetic disorder which
be different. Indeed, (19) ---- that may be regarded affects one in a million children. It is caused (23) ----
as a criminal offence in one country may be an enzyme deficiency which makes the skin overly
regarded as perfectly acceptable behavior (20) ----. (24) ---- to sunlight. Eventually, fatal skin cancers
Similarly when it comes to punishment, there are and brain tumours (25) ---- and to date there is no
many (21) ---- in the degree of severity. effective way of treating them. Indeed, few patients
with this disorder manage to (26) ---- their teens.
17.
A) Wherever 22.
B) However A) rare
C) While B) harmless
D) Which C) considerate
E) If ever D) common
E) desperate
18.
A) adjustment 23.
B) opinion A) with
C) condition B) from
D) assessment C) by
E) cooperation D) through
E) out of
19.
A) whatever 24.
B) something A) sensation
C) whether B) sensitive
D) such C) sensible
E) as D) sensitively
E) sensibility
20.
A) to others 25.
B) each other A) have developed
C) by the others B) are developed
D) for one another C) to develop
E) in another D) develop
E) were developing
21.
A) disturbances 26.
B) exceptions A) continue
C) complaints B) exceed
D) discrepancies C) replace
E) deceptions D) deprive
E) complete

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. Having taken in more carbohydrates than it
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. needs , ----.

A) sugar can contribute to nutrient deficiencies

27. ---- after strong winds and a heatwave
only by displacing nutrients
started dozens of forest fires.
B) the body uses glucose to meet its energy
requirements, fills its glycogen stores to
A) Many villages in the area will be evacuated
capacity, and may still have some left over
B) No precautions had been taken
C) researchers agree that unusually high
C) The government would have set up a
doses of refined sugar can alter blood lipids
special team of fire fighters
to favour heart disease
D) Many fire fighting teams will have been
D) high-fibre foods not only add bulk to the
called in
diet, but are economical and nutritious
E) Last summer, Athens was engulfed in thick
E) a high-fat diet raises the risks of heart
smoke
disease, some types of cancer,
hypertension, diabetes and obesity
28. Whenever attitude researchers ask
participants questions, ----.
31. As most businesses in Southeast Asia have
remained as family enterprises and not
A) researchers would have probably needed to
attained a global dimension, ----.
demonstrate that the scientific benefits of
the research outweighed the possible
A) in the wake of the 1997 financial crisis,
ethical costs
SoutheastAsia had been overtaken by
B) this is especially so when a person’s
China and India
attitude runs counter to a prevailing norm
B) some are being left behind by foreign
C) researchers have devised several
businesses
techniques to overcome such problems
C) across Southeast Asia, the impact of the
D) the techniques often raised questions about
1997 crisis was closely related with the
research ethics, especially if participants did
degree of corruption in the banking system
not know their attitudes were being
D) today, South Korea and Taiwan are four
measured
times richer than Malaysia and ten times
E) there is the possibility that participants will
richer than Indonesia
be reluctant to reveal their true feelings
E) compared with other regions of the world,
Asia’s income gap is slowly decreasing
29. Because adults dislike hearing babies cry, --
--.
32. Classical musical literacy in much of Europe
today is in decline ----.
A) infants sometimes stop crying if they have
interesting things to watch
A) because its theory remains far behind the
B) the infant uses basic techniques for getting
realities of contemporary music practice
the caregiver to come closer
B) whether the musical world has changed
C) babies learn very early to control their social
C) even though new technology has also
environment
affected the music itself
D) they try various techniques for soothing
D) when hundreds of thousands of musicians
them
form amateur symphony orchestras and
E) the crying of healthy newborn infants is
chamber music groups
fairly characteristic in both pitch and rhythm
E) though many countries were giving
considerable encouragement to young
conductors and composers

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33. Twenty years have passed since the 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
accident at Chernobyl ---. anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
A) when many of the studies have been bulunuz.
showing an elevated rate of mutations
among the animals in the area
37. Angiography, which involves injecting a
B) so that scientists studying the effects find
radiopaque substance into an artery, is the
themselves in unpopular positions
most invasive of all kidney imaging
C) wherever policy makers want concrete
procedures and is reserved for special
conclusions and results, not probability
situations, such as when a doctor must
estimates on the dangers of radiation
evaluate the blood supply to the kidneys.
exposure
D) because many public servants do not share
A) Atardamar içine radyopak maddenin
the scientists’ enthusiasm for the scientific
enjekte edilmesiyle gerçekleşen
process
anjiyografi, böbrek görüntüleme
E) but the extent to which people and the
yöntemlerinden en yaygın olanıdır ve
environment have been harmed is still being
doktorun böbreklere gelen kan miktarını
hotly debated
görmek istemesi gibi özel durumlar dışında
kullanılmaması gerekir.
34. Practically all the problems associated with
B) Bütün böbrek görüntüleme işlemlerinin en
the musculo-skeletal and body-fluid
yaygın örneklerinden biri olan ve
systems could be alleviated or avoided in
atardamara radyopak madde enjekte
space ships ----.
etmek anlamına gelen anjiyografi, doktor
böbreklere ulaşan kan miktarını görmeyi
A) if artificial gravity similar to that on Earth
istemedikçe kullanılmamalıdır.
could be provided
C) Radyopak bir maddenin atardamara
B) as current countermeasures are limited to
enjekte edilmesi demek olan anjiyografi,
the use of exercise equipment
bütün böbrek görüntüleme işlemlerinin
C) since technological progress might have
içinde en geniş etkinliği bulunan, ancak
solved this problem
doktor gerekli görüp, böbreklere gelen kan
D) before further complications had developed
miktarını araştırmak istemedikçe
E) although the spaceship could be linearly
kullanılması tavsiye edilmeyen bir
accelerated in the desired direction
yöntemdir.
D) Doktorun böbreklere gelen kan oranını
35. Nile crocodiles, with their rough brown skin,
görmesi gereken özel durumlar hariç,
look just like floating parts of a tree ----.
kullanılması pek öngörülmeyen anjiyografi,
temelde atardamara radyopak madde
A) though the river was moving fast
enjekte etme esasına dayanır.
B) if they have found something to eat
E) Atardamara radyopak madde enjekte
C) since there were trees by the river
etmeyi içeren anjiyografi, tüm böbrek
D) until they open their mouths
görüntüleme işlemleri içinde en yüksek
E) that they are looking for food
yayılımı sağlayan yöntemdir ve doktorun
böbreklere gelen kan miktarını
36. Many of his novels are concerned with
değerlendirmesi gerektiği zamanlar gibi
controversial subjects ----.
özel durumlarda kullanılır.
A) until the problems resulting from the war
were finally solved
B) that smoking is only one of them
C) as he was awarded the top prize
D) which will have surprised no one
E) which makes them extremely popular

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38. Without treatment, postpartum depression 40. Darwinizme göre, mümkün olduğunca sık
can weaken critically important bonds üremek, her canlının temel amacıdır.
between a mother and her child.
A) Darwinism upholds the view that every
A) Anne ve çocuk arasındaki kritik öneme organism always strives to reproduce so
sahip bağlar, depresyon tedavisine rağmen long as it is possible.
doğum sonrasında zayıflayabilmektedir. B) According to Darwinism, frequent
B) Tedavi edilmediği takdirde, doğum sonrası reproduction is what every organism has
depresyonu anne ve çocuğu arasındaki as a major aim.
kritik öneme sahip bağları zayıflatabilir. C) As one infers from Darwinism, for every
C) Doğum sonrası depresyonu tedavi edilebilir organism, the essential goal is to
bir durum olmakla birlikte anne ve çocuğu reproduce so far as possible.
arasındaki kritik öneme sahip bağları D) According to Darwinism, it is the basic goal
zayıflatabilmektedir. of every organism to reproduce as often as
D) Anne ve çocuğu arasındaki kritik öneme possible.
sahip bağlar tedavi edilebilen bir durum E) With reference to Darwinism, it is to be
olan doğum sonrası depresyonunun bir stated that reproduction is what every
sonucudur. organism has as its ultimate aim.
E) Doğum sonrası depresyonunun bir sonucu
olarak anne ve çocuğu arasındaki bağların 41. William Butler Yeats, yazmaya adanmış
zayıflaması, aslında tedavi sakin bir yaşam sürdüren Thomas Hardy’nin
edilebilmektedir. tersine, değişik türlerdeki etkinliklerle
başarılı bir şekilde meşgul olmuş ve
39. Human contamination of the atmosphere, bunların hepsini sanatıyla bütünleştirmiştir.
which has been happening since man kind
first began to use fire for heating and A) William Butler Yeats engaged successfully
cooking, occurs in a variety of forms. in different kinds of activities and integrated
all of them into his art, unlike Thomas
A) İnsanoğlu ateşi ısınmak ve yemek pişirmek Hardy, who lived a quiet life dedicated to
için kullanmaya başladığından beri writing.
atmosferin kirlenmesi farklı şekillerde B) Although Thomas Hardy lived a quiet life
devam etmektedir. dedicated to writing, William Butler Yeats
B) İnsanoğlunun ateşi ısınmak ve yemek was successful in many different activities,
pişirmek için kullanmaya başlamasından and integrated them all into his art.
bu yana süregelen bir durum olan C) William Butler Yeats, unlike Thomas
atmosferin insan tarafından kirletilmesi, Hardy, did not lead a quiet life dedicated to
farklı şekillerde gerçekleşir. writing, but participated in different kinds of
C) Atmosferin kirlenmesi, insanoğlunun ateşi activities, all of which he included in his art.
ısınma ve yemek pişirme gibi farklı D) While Thomas Hardy preferred to live a
şekillerde kullanmasıyla başlamıştır. quiet life, dedicated to writing, William
D) İnsanoğlu, ateşi ısınma ve yemek pişirme Butler Yeats wanted nothing of the sort,
amacıyla kullanmaya başladığından beri and therefore engaged in different kinds of
atmosferi farklı şekillerde kirletmiştir. activities, integrating them successfully into
E) Atmosferin insan tarafından kirletilmesi, his art.
insanoğlunun ateşi ısınma ve yemek E) Engaging successfully in different kinds of
pişirme gibi farklı amaçlarla kullanmaya activities, William Butler Yeats was able to
başlamasından bu yana çeşitli şekillerde integrate them into his art, whereas
süregelen bir durumdur. Thomas Hardy preferred to live a solitary
life dedicated to writing.

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42. Her yabancı yazarın Çin‘e bakış açısı, içinde

büyüdüğü ülke ile biçimlenir.

A) For a foreign writer, in order to have an

opinion of China, he should first know his
own country where he has grown up.
B) A foreign writer‘s attitude towards the
Chinese is essentially inspired by the
country in which he has grown up.
C) How a foreign writer understands China
depends a great deal on the country he
originally comes from.
D) Every foreign writer‘s perspective on China
is shaped by the country, in which he grew
up.
E) Before a foreign writer can understand
China, he ought to focus in the first place
on his own country in which he was born.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. We understand from the passage that, when
cevaplayınız. Kenneth Lay was a child, he ----.

A) worked as a part-time salesman together

Until the giant American energy company Enron
with his father
collapsed, and its director Kenneth Lay was
B) wanted to become a preacher like his
imprisoned, his life had been a model of the
father
American dream of rising from rags to riches on the
C) moved with his family from Tyrone,
strength of merit and hard work. His beginnings
Missouri, to Houston, Texas
were socially and financially very modest. He was
D) contributed to his family’s income by
born in Tyrone, Missouri, in 1942, as the son of a
working at part-time jobs
preacher who was also a part-time salesman. He
E) dreamed of becoming an oil tycoon
helped his father make ends meet by cutting grass
and delivering papers. His start in the energy
industry seemed similarly modest. After obtaining a
46. We can infer from the passage that Kenneth
doctoral degree in economics from the University of
Lay expected Mr Bush to offer him a high
Houston, he got his start in the booming Texan oil
position in his administration because Mr
industry. In 1985 he merged Houston Natural Gas
Lay ----.
with InterNorth of Nebraska in order to form Enron.
As Enron became stronger, Mr Lay turned
A) had contributed a very large amount of
increasingly to politics and was one of the biggest
money to Mr Bush’s presidential campaign
donors to the Bush-Cheney campaign. After Mr
B) was an important player in the Texan oil
Bush entered the White House, Mr Lay had hopes
industry
of a seat in the cabinet, perhaps as energy
C) was frustrated with his political life
secretary or even at the Treasury. However, for
D) had obtained a high level of education, and
reasons that remain unclear, Mr Bush overlooked
was therefore quite knowledgeable
him, so his professional life ended in frustration.
E) had become very rich through his hard
work
43. According to the passage, after Mr Bush
was elected president of the US, Kenneth
Lay ----.

A) turned increasingly to politics

B) became involved in the Texan oil industry
C) was not offered a cabinet seat
D) obtained a doctoral degree from the
University of Houston
E) dissolved Enron, the company he had
created

44. It is clear from the passage that the giant

American energy company Enron was
founded through ----.

A) Kenneth Lay’s increasing interest in politics

B) Kenneth Lay’s dream of rising from rags to
riches
C) the fact that Kenneth Lay had been
imprisoned
D) Kenneth Lay’s modest beginnings as the
son of a preacher and part-time salesman
E) the merging of two companies: Houston
Natural Gas and InterNorth

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. It is clear from the passage that increasing
cevaplayınız. the flow rate of blood through the artificial
kidney is ----.

In dialysis with an artificial kidney, the rate of

A) a good way to increase the length of time
movement of solute across the dialyzing membrane
the blood and fluid are in contact with the
depends on four variables: the concentration
membrane
gradient of the solute between the blood and the
B) not a practical option in dialysis
dialyzing fluid, the permeability of the membrane to
C) only achieved when certain pre-conditions
the solute, the surface area of the membrane, and
are met
the length of time that the blood and fluid remain in
D) one of the ways in which dialysis can be
contact with the membrane. Thus, the maximum
made more efficient
rate of solute transfer occurs initially when the
E) better than raising the rate of flow of the
concentration gradient is greatest (when dialysis is
dialyzing fluid
begun) and slows down as the concentration
gradient is dissipated. In a flowing system such as
50. It can be understood from the passage that,
haemodialysis, in which blood and dialysate fluid
as the concentration gradient between the
flow through an artificial kidney, the dissipation of
blood and dialyzing fluid is reduced, ----.
the concentration gradient can be reduced, and
diffusion of solute across the membrane can be
A) the maximum rate of transfer occurs
optimized by increasing the flow rate of either or
B) the membrane slowly becomes more
both the blood and dialyzing fluid.
permeable to the solute
C) the diffusion of solute across the
47. According to the passage, solute transfer in
membrane slows down
dialysis is faster ----.
D) the transfer of blood and fluid across the
membrane is optimized
A) than the natural kidney function
E) an artificial kidney must be used to keep
B) when the concentration gradient between
the patient healthy
the blood and dialyzing fluid is dissipated
C) when the patient’s own kidney is used
D) at the beginning of the process
E) when dialysis is prolonged

48. We see from the passage that the

permeability of the membrane to the solute -
---.

A) is the most important of the variables

mentioned
B) is one of the variables that affects the
speed of dialysis
C) decreases as the surface area of the
membrane decreases
D) is not a factor in haemodialysis
E) is greater initially and then decreases as
dialysis continues

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. It is pointed out in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. world of nature ----.

Artist Paul Cézanne wanted to make paint “bleed”. A) appealed to Cézanne so powerfully that it
The old masters, he said, painted warmblooded became the main focus of his art
flesh and made the trees look warm and alive, and B) depicted by Manet and the other
he would too. He wanted to capture “the green Impressionists failed to appeal to the public
odour” of his Provence fields and “the perfume of C) was most successfully represented by
marble from Saint-Victoire”, the mountain that was Cézanne in all of his works
the subject of so many of his paintings. He was D) meant for Cézanne only different shades of
bold, spreading and slapping paint onto his still-lifes colours and nothing else
with a palette knife. “I will astonish Paris with an E) was understood by Cézanne as a
apple”, he boasted. In the years when his friends reference to environmental issues
Manet, Monet, Pissarro and Renoir were finally
gaining acceptance, Cézanne worked furiously and
mostly in isolation, ridiculed by critics and mocked 54. It is clear from the passage that, in his
by the public, sometimes tearing up his own paintings, Cézanne ----.
canvases. He wanted more than the quick
impressions of the Impressionists, and devoted
himself to studying the natural world. He called A) developed a completely new style which
himself a “slave to nature”, but he knew that he was imitated by his contemporaries
could never completely capture the natural B) was influenced, to a great extent, by the
landscape on canvas. French Impressionists
C) used daring techniques to produce his
likenesses of the fields of Provence
D) attached more importance to the depiction
of the human body than the natural
landscape
51. It is stated in the passage that, as a painter,
E) almost always depicted Paris and its
Cézanne ----.
surroundings

A) wasn’t able to depict nature in his works as

fully or as vividly as he would have liked to
B) achieved far more popularity in art circles
than his contemporaries
C) dismissed the old masters as only artists
whose style was old-fashioned
D) was interested more in the representation
of still life than in the depiction of
landscape and natural scenes
E) was noted for his quiet personality and
refined manners

52. According to the passage, Cézanne’s style

of painting ----.

A) was widely acclaimed by art critics and the

public
B) mainly derived from the views held by his
friends Manet, Monet, Pissarro and Renoir
C) was achieved by copying the works of the
old masters whom he studied
D) differed significantly from that of his fellow
artists
E) had a great influence on his
contemporaries and their work

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. We see from the passage that embryonic
cevaplayınız. stem cells ----.

Stem cells, unlike all other cells in the body, can A) are far less versatile than adult stem cells
copy themselves indefinitely. So-called adult stem B) hold no possibility of being used to cure
cells are found in many parts of the body, constantly disease
rejuvenating the brain, remodelling arteries so blood C) in the past were able to treat illnesses, but
can bypass clogs, and growing new skin to heal cannot be used for this purpose today
wounds. However, adult stem cells have more D) might, in the future, be used to treat
limited power than embryonic stem cells, which can humans with damaged brains or hearts
turn into any type of cell in the body. Indeed, E) cannot reproduce themselves, unlike adult
scientists are hoping that embryonic stem cells stem cells
could be turned into neurons to fix damaged brains,
cardiac cells to repair damaged hearts, or
pancreatic cells to create insulin for people with 58. lt is understood from the passage that adult
diabetes. Maybe they could even be used to stem cells ----.
regenerate whole organs. To date, scientists
worldwide have made more than 100 different
human embryonic cell lines. Still, the existing lines A) have been manipulated by scientists in
have serious limitations. Most have been grown on order to produce new organs
a lattice of mouse embryonic skin cells for support. B) are not as well understood as other types
Consequently, the human embryonic cells are of cells in our bodies
contaminated by mouse cells, and though they’re C) are always actively engaged in our bodies
still useful for research, they cannot at present be D) will someday be used to regenerate whole
used to develop therapies for humans. organs
E) can turn into any other cell type

55. According to the passage, the main problem

with the currently existing embryonic stem
cell lines is ----.

A) the fact that they could be turned into

neurons
B) the lack of diversity between the different
lines
C) that there are not enough of them to
develop therapies useful for treating
human diseases
D) that they are contaminated by the mouse
cells upon which they have been grown
E) that they do not produce reliable research
results

56. As regards the therapeutic possibilities, the

passage emphasizes the advantages of ----.

A) developing human embryonic stem cells

based on mouse cells
B) embryonic stem cells over adult stem cells
C) human embryonic stem cells over mouse
embryonic skin cells
D) man-made embryonic stem cell lines
E) adult stem cells when used to rejuvenate
the blood

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. We understand from the passage that
cevaplayınız. Finland’s population ----.

A) resents outside interference in its economy

In Finland now, everything is all right. Fifteen years
B) is becoming one of the highest in Europe
after one of the worst recessions any European
C) is an extremely competitive one when it
country has seen, triggered by the collapse of the
comes to internal trade
Soviet Union, the Finns feel very content. Their
D) is now increasing due to a higher birth rate
small country of a population of 5 million is the first
E) is not well-educated by European
in the World Economic Forum’s list of the world’s
standards
most competitive countries, and the second in its
business-competitiveness index. It is also the first in
62. We see from the passage that Finland’s
the OECD’s world ranking of educational
economy ----.
performance and has the second-highest share of
research-and-development spending in the
A) is by far the strongest in the world
European Union. Moreover, the country is reversing
B) remains unaffected by technological
its demographic decline and, hence, its fertility rate
change
is one of the highest in Europe. Perhaps best of all
C) is still undergoing the effects of the fall of
the Finns are facing globalization without paranoia.
the Soviet Union
Theirs is one of the few European countries to have
D) has had a direct effect on its fertility rate
succeeded in businesses in which international
E) hasn’t always been stable
prices are falling because of global competition and
technological change. In most of Europe public
opinion and even business élites seem gloomily
resigned to being overwhelmed by India and China.
Finland suggests that this fate is not inevitable.

59. We learn from the passage that, in addition

to Finland’s recent economic success, ----.

A) it is also a popular tourist destination

B) it is resigned to being overwhelmed by
India
C) it also ranks very high in education
D) it remains in a deep recession
E) its businesses are not globally competitive

60. It is clear from the passage that Finland’s

previously weak economy ----.

A) was caused by the collapse of the Soviet

Union
B) had no effect on the country’s standing in
the World Economic Forum
C) caused the country to spend more on
research and development
D) improved dramatically fifteen years ago
E) became stronger after it began to reverse
its demographic decline

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 66. Tourist :- I’d like to go somewhere warm,
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi but I also want to experience a bit of culture.
bulunuz. Travel Agent :- Have you thought
about going to Dubai? It has one of the world’s
fastest growing art scenes and it’s a great
63. Gary :- Why don’t you ask Susan for
alternative to London or New York.
help with the report?
Tourist :- ----
Philip :- ----
Travel Agent:- Well, from March 21 to 24, the
Gary :- Why do you say so?
city will put on the biggest show of the year, Art
Philip :- Because she’s refused to help
Dubai.
me many times before.
A) Do you think it will attract people from
A) You know what will happen the next time I
London and New York?
go to the director’s room
B) When would be a good time to visit Dubai
B) I promised myself that I’d never ask her for
to take advantage of its cultural activities?
assistance with anything.
C) How do I get from the Dubai International
C) Well, she isn’t good with the computer.
Financial Centre to the important art
D) You’re right. I’d never thought of her before
galleries?
coming to you.
D) Do most visitors to Dubai spend a lot of
E) She and the director are having a meeting
money on cultural activities?
at the moment; I don’t want to disturb
E) How can I exhibit my own work in this
them.
unique artistic environment?
64. Martin :- Did you know that there's a
67. Brenda :- I want to buy a good
growing number of people who are against
telescope for my son. Do you have any
vaccinating their children?
suggestions?
Sheila :- ----.
Shop Assistant:- You should check out this
Martin :- How can you say that? It's really
new amateur device. It is handheld, so there is
irresponsible.
no need for a tripod, it is easy to use, and it is
Sheila :- It's obvious you're not a parent!
quite inexpensive.
Brenda :- ----
A) Some doctors are refusing to let them have
Shop Assistant :- Then you should be
a choice in the matter.
prepared to spend a little more.
B) It’s all to do with the link between autism
and the MMR vaccination. I can
A) But he already has something amateurish.
understand them.
I want to get him something more
C) Is that true? I wonder what their concern is.
sophisticated.
D) This is becoming a problem.
B) The price tag on it confirms that.
E) There’s no actual proof that parents are
C) I want my son to decide which to get.
doing this!
D) I heard that not all expensive telescopes
are necessarily good in performance and
65. James :- Is that a new saw that you're
quality.
using?
E) I can’t afford to get a professional
Harry :- Yes, it is. Do you like it?
instrument, and this handheld one seems
James :- ----.
quite convenient.
Harry :- True. But this is a new design,
and they are even going to bring out thinner,
four inch blades designed to cut ceramic tiles.

A) Yes, it’s not often that a saw of that size

can cut through metal.
B) Yes, I really need a saw that can cut
through metal.
C) What did you have before?
D) Is the secret in the motor or the blades?
E) Yes. With mine you need to use both
hands to operate.

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68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en 70. James will probably make a good director
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. too, even though he's not all like his father.

A) James dislikes his father's way of director,

68. Most of the company's factories are in the
but will his may be any better?
north of England and until recently the head
B) Unlike his father, James seems set on
office was also there, but now it is in
developing into a most efficient director.
London.
C) James is quite different from his father, but
nonetheless he'll also succeed as a
A) The company used to have its head office
director.
in the north of England where most of the
D) As James is opposed to his father's
factories are, but it was moved to London a
system, one wonders if he will find a better
short while ago.
one.
B) The company is setting up more factories
E) James is quite unlike his father, so he's not
in the north of England where, until
likely to be a good director.
recently, its head office was, before it was
moved to London.
71. They might just as well close the cafe for
C) The company is moving its head office to
this year, as the tourists have all left.
London though the majority of its factories
are still in the north of England.
A) They can’t be bothered to run the cafe after
D) Once the company's head office has
the tourist-season is over.
moved to London most of the factories will
B) Once the season is over and the tourists
gradually be moved there from the north of
have gone, they’ll probably decide to close
England.
the cafe.
E) The head office of the company which is in
C) I think they plan to close the cafe once the
the north of England where most of the
tourists have all gone away.
factories are, will shortly be moved to
D) There’s no point in keeping the cafe open
London.
now, since the season is over and there
are no more tourists about.
69. The judge is worried because different
E) Since the tourists have gone, they find it
witnesses have given a different sequence
hardly profitable to keep the cafe open.
of events.

A) The witnesses had to be called in order by

the judge as they described the sequence
of events.
B) The judge is disturbed that the sequence of
events described by the various witnesses
is in all cases identical.
C) The judge is concerned that there is no
agreement among the witnesses as to the
order in which the events occurred.
D) What the judge found so upsetting was that
there were so many discrepancies
between the witnesses' account of the
incident
E) The only discrepancy in the witnesses'
accounts to disturb the judge isn't related
to the order of events.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. It is not exactly known when the practice of
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek reading the future in coffee grinds began.
cümleyi bulunuz. But since the urge to decipher the brown
marks left by or in the grinds seems so
natural, such practices are probably as old
72. Tuberculosis is generally transmitted by
as coffee drinking itself. In fact, Turkish
inhaling indoor air contaminated with
coffee, whose method of preparation leads
Mycobacterium tuberculosis. For the air to
to grinds in the cup, readily lends itself to
become contaminated, a person with active
fortune-telling through explaining the
tuberculosis must cough the bacteria, which
shapes left by the grinds. ---- People would
may remain in the air for several hours.
turn their cups over on their saucers to let
However, a fetus may acquire tuberculosis
the grinds slide along the sides of the cup,
from its mother before or during birth by
leaving shapes and patterns that can be
breathing in or swallowing infected amniotic
described.
fluid, and an infant may acquire tuberculosis
after birth by breathing in air containing
A) In the 19th century, this particular kind of
infected droplets. ----
coffee reading or divination by coffee
grinds became quite popular.
A) For those who are infected with
B) The first stage in the spread of coffee
tuberculosis, surgery to remove a portion
throughout the world was its crossing of
of the lung is almost never needed today if
the Red Sea, having travelled from its
the patient faithfully follows the drug
native Ethiopia and Yemen.
treatment plan.
C) Traditional fortune-tellers vary in
B) With the advances in medicine such as the
methodology, generally using techniques
development of antibiotics like Rifampicin
long established in their cultures and thus
and Ethambutol, the battle against
meeting the cultural expectations of their
tuberculosis seemed to be won.
clients.
C) As aging may reduce the effectiveness of
D) For example, a cross would mean that one
the body’s immune system, which can
should look after his health; flames, that
allow dormant bacteria to become
one should not trust his initial impressions.
reactivated, there are more cases in the
E) Of course, no artificial coffee flavouring is
elderly.
any match for the real thing like Arabica
D) In developing countries, children are also
beans which are grown in Jamaica and
infected with Mycobacterium bovis that
Colombia.
causes tuberculosis, which can be
transmitted by unpasteurized milk.
74. Madagascar is renowned for its
E) Although a tuberculin skin test is a useful
extraordinary animals, particularly lemurs, a
way for diagnosing tuberculosis, it only
group of primates extinct elsewhere on the
indicates that an infection by the bacteria
planet. ---- The island was one of the last
has occurred some time in the past.
places on earth to be settled by people,
receiving its earliest migrants in the middle
of the first millennium. Moreover, despite
Madagascar’s proximity to Africa – 400 km
at the closest point – those settlers have
long been suspected of having arrived from
the Malay islands– modern Indonesia –
more than 6, 000 km away.

A) Its history of human settlement, though, is

equally unusual.
B) Madagascar is quite an interesting holiday
destination.
C) The Islanders’ culture includes elements
that are characteristically Asian.
D) There were many Malay expeditions
across the Indian Ocean.
E) It is likely that a successful colonization
would have been followed by others.

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75. Most countries that put a value on individual 78. (I) During World War II, the Red Cross gave
liberty allow competent adults to refuse any each Allied prisoner a weekly parcel, with the
medical treatment even if it is life-saving. A same mix of products – tinned milk, jam, butter,
patient, for example, may refuse an chocolate, sugar and cigarettes. (II) In addition,
essential blood transfusion, although it is many prisoners received private parcels from
vital. ---- In legal terms, this would amount to family and friends.(III) They then began a
committing a crime. system of trading their goods with each other,
and cigarettes emerged as the medium of
A) If doctors were to impose treatment against exchange. (IV) They would wander through the
the will of the patient, they then would be camp calling out their offers of goods to be
violating the bodily integrity of the person traded for cigarettes. (V) Enterprising British
without consent prisoners subsequently bribed prison guards to
B) Now that the patient thinks his health will permit them to enter the French compound.
affect his ability to make decisions in the
future, he can make an advance decision A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
to refuse medical treatment.
C) Unless the patient is 18 or over, his 79. (I) Consumer research shows that some
decision to refuse medical treatment will advertisements have a harmful effect on
not be valid and accepted by health care children.(II) Advertising is not an end in itself,
professionals. though many advertisements may be, in their
D) Moreover, by law, a valid advance decision own way, works of art. (III) The important thing
refusing life-saving treatment means that is for the potential customer to remember the
the patient cannot be treated. theme of the advertisement, not merely the
E) Even if the patient does not want treatment advertisement itself.(IV) It is far better for a
that is available, he could allow a new one. consumer to think, “That must be a great
product!” than “That was a great commercial.”
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla (V) Hence, a creative advertising message
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü might prove useless, while other duller
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. advertisements seem to endure forever – for
the very sensible reason that they move goods
76. (I) In general, everybody thinks that their good off the shelves.
luck will last for ever. (II) People who have
what’s called an internal means of control see A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
themselves as responsible for their life’s
outcomes. (III) That is, they explain their 80. (I) The tenth century in Europe witnessed a
achievements and failures by looking at their remarkable growth of towns and cities. (II) For
own actions, in actions, traits and instance, in England, by the middle of the
characteristics.(IV) Those with an external eleventh century, 10 per cent of the population
means of control, however, believe that their lived in towns, making it the most highly
own actions have little influence on future urbanized country in Europe. (III) Therefore, the
outcomes. (V) They thank or blame forces prosperity of the medievalItalian cities rested
beyond their control for the positive and mainly on their trade with the Byzantine Empire
negative events in their lives. and the Muslim world. (IV) Cities also grew
rapidly in France and Germany. (V) In Spain,
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V especially the growth of Barcelona was
beginning to transform the political and social
77. (I) Mobile users often violate the rules of correct life of the country.
behaviour. (II) For instance, they send text
messages during a meal at a restaurant, and A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
this is not a polite thing to do. (III) This tells your
dining companions that they are not as
important or as interesting as the person on the
other end of your mobile. (IV) But restaurants
are not the only places where people send text
messages. (V) If it is absolutely necessary,
excuse yourself from the table.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 44 6. The vitamin portion of a coenzyme allows a

chemical reaction to ----, while the remaining
portion of the coenzyme binds to the
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere enzyme.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) put on
1. Satellite television transmission now makes B) get off
it ---- for us to watch events as they unfold C) catch up
in other countries. D) take place
E) settle down
A) worldwide
B) substantial 7. It is hoped that the construction of the
C) aware world’s tallest residential building, the
D) commonplace Chicago Spire, which ---- at the end of last
E) liable year, ---- by late 2010.

2. As China has recently become a leading A) was commenced / will have been
economic power in Asia, the industrialized completed
countries of the West have ---- their own B) commences / will complete
production capacity to maintain their lead. C) has been commenced / would be
completed
A) rejected D) has commenced / has been completed
B) forgotten E) had commenced / is to be completed
C) neglected
D) approached 8. Janet Malcolm, who is an admired
E) upgraded photographer and ---- pictures since the
early 1960s, generally---- her summers
3. Einstein's theory of relativity gives photographing people and places in Africa.
predictions that differ very little from the
older theories of Galileo and Newton in ---- A) took / has been spending
all every day situations. B) had been taking / will spend
C) has been taking / spends
A) identically D) takes / has spent
B) flexibly E) had taken / would spend
C) nearly
D) usefully 9. I can still remember my excitement when I --
E) externally -- for the first time how one’s understanding
of the concepts of probability and risk ---- to
4. Using our own internal state as a basis for and enhance diagnostic and therapeutic
judging other people may affect our ---- of problems inclinical care.
them.
A) saw / could be applied
A) situations B) had seen / could have been applied
B) qualities C) could see / will be applied
C) personalities D) have seen / was applied
D) agreements E) see / had been applied
E) impressions
10. If they ---- us their plans at the beginning,
5. After World War II, the United States began these problems ---- us now.
to ---- Britain‘s role as the leading foreign
player in Iranian politics. A) showed / would not have been worrying
B) had shown / would not be worrying
A) take over C) show / will not be worrying
B) hold up D) have shown / could not be worrying
C) put off E) will show / may not be worrying
D) keep out
E) look after

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11. You wouldn’t mind if I opened the window a 16. Andrew Mango, who wrote a detailed
little, ----? biography ---- Atatürk in 1999, has always
had a close interest ---- the history of
A) didn’t I modern Turkey.
B) did you
C) would you A) about / for
D) had I B) of / in
E) don’t you C) on / at
D) over / over
12. ---- numerous reformist policies that have E) towards / above
helped to improve the economic conditions
in the country, the standard of living for the
poor has improved very little.

A) Instead of
B) Despite
C) In connection with
D) According to
E) As regards

13. The European Commission has put forward

that policies to cut greenhouse gases will
not work ---- individuals share the vision of a
low-carbon society.

A) provided that
B) after
C) but
D) while
E) unless

14. Freud’s favourite way of understanding his

patients was dream interpretation, ---- he
encouraged people to talk without restraint
about their dreams.

A) but
B) while
C) although
D) so
E) before

15. Insects that live in colonies, such as ants,

bees, wasps, and termites, have long
fascinated everyone, ---- naturalists ----
artists.

A) among / with
B) about / between
C) in / of
D) between / above
E) from / to

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

The United States will officially take 70,000 refugees HIV is rarely seen as one of science's success
in 2003. (17) ---- the number will be much lower as stories. Nearly 20 years after the virus (22) ----, an
many thousands will be caught up in lengthy (18) ---- stimated 42 million people are infected worldwide.
necessitated by post-September 11 security (23) ----, there is still no vaccine and no cure. HIV is
procedures. In 2002, for example, America (19) ---- one of the most (24) ---- and deadly viruses humans
only 30,000 refugees, the lowest number in 25 years. have (25) ---- encountered. There are, however,
This is a remarkable (20) ---- of America's traditional some (26) ---- for cautious optimism as real
generosity (21) ---- the world's displaced. progress is being made in some key areas.

17. 22.
A) In place of A) was discovered
B) In return B) will be discovered
C) In practice C) was being discovered
D) In case D) is discovered
E) In excess of E) would be discovered

18. 23.
A) distinctions A) Even
B) competitions B) Moreover
C) departures C) Consequently
D) delays D) So
E) resources E) Hence

19. 24.
A) had accepted A) residual
B) has accepted B) desperate
C) would accept C) predictable
D) is accepting D) degenerate
E) accepted E) devious

20. 25.
A) reversal A) even
B) exchange B) still
C) comparison C) ever
D) expression D) just
E) appreciation E) hardly

21. 26.
A) against A) traces
B) through B) aims
C) over C) components
D) towards D) grounds
E) beyond E) efforts

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. ----, he would have to face a great deal of
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. criticism from his own party.

A) Unless he decides to make a public apology

27. Most stutterers can recite poems or sing
for the way he has behaved
with relative ease, ----.
B) However trivial the matter clearly seemed to
you
A) since they exhibit structural weaknesses in
C) If he were to object to these amendments to
the brain’s speech motor centres and
theHousing Bill
auditory areas
D) Until people started to forget this rather
B) whether speculation about the causes of the
scandalous affair
speech problem has been widespread since
E) As no one’s attention is presently centred
ancient times
upon the budget
C) so as late as the mid-19th century,
physicans were using surgery to correct
31. The desire to control our environment and
supposed defects in the tongue
the people around us is not a completely
D) although stress may also influence the
negative trait----.
onset and durability of stammering
E) but normal conversation can be a
A) unless the people around us resent lacking
distressing exercise in frustration
the self-control they need
B) but it is considered normal and healthy by
28. Small states in Africa like Senegal would
psychologists to a certain extent
probably integrate with the global
C) despite the fact that it can cause problems
production chains of multinationals ----.
for others when it is overtly expressed
D) although positive traits are socially
A) although Mali and Cameroon could be
acceptable and widely welcome
industrialized by processing foodstuffs
E) as if every external factor could be
B) while countries with large populations like
controlled completely
Nigeria might develop their own national
industries
32. As farmers don’t want to lose their animals
C) if ever South African firms expand
to disease, ----.
aggressively across the region
D) whereas such obstacles explain why sub-
A) they grow several different kinds of crops
Saharan countries have only a marginal
B) they vaccinate their animals
share in manufactured goods
C) they use pesticides to protect their crops
E) in that most African industries are classified
from insects
as small-to-medium sized enterprises
D) they suffer from communicable diseases
E) their animals may suffer from such illnesses
29. Dutch was widely known in Europe in the
17th century, ----.
33. ---- that moderate exercise helps employees
produce more work for less effort.
A) since English has had much influence on
Dutch since the Second World War
A) Routine office work is obviously boring
B) as it has had an influence in Sri Lanka
B) The computers of the future are being
C) when Dutch-derived artistic terms such
designed
as“landscape” and “sketch” were adopted
C) Facial expressions do not always show
into English
D) Performance at work can be improved
D) but there was a Low German influence on
E) The study shows quite convincingly
English starting with the later Middle Ages
E) until scholars use the word “Netherlandic”
as a historical term for the various dialects
spoken in the Netherlands

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34. Since the country’s forestry resources have 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
been misused over a long period of time, ----. anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
A) the forests are now seriously impoverished bulunuz.
B) new trees would have been planted
everywhere
37. China’s one-child policy, enforced by the
C) a balance between supply and demand will
authorities through heavy fines, came into
have been achieved
force in 1979 after a period of explosive
D) this is, indeed, a worldwide problem
population growth in the country.
E) forestry activities were being intensified

A) Yetkililerce ağır para cezaları koyularak

35. Although there is a crisis in the stock
dayatılan Çin’in tek çocuk politikası, ülkede
markets, ----.
aşırı ölçüde nüfus artışının yaşandığı bir
dönemden sonra 1979’da yürürlüğe
A) Turkey was hosting an important summit
girmiştir.
organized by the European Commission
B) Çin’de yetkililerin uymayanlara ağır para
B) the government has still not taken the
cezaları öngördükleri tek çocuk
necessary measures
uygulaması, ülkede patlama denilebilecek
C) the Minister of Finance has a huge debt
bir nüfus artışının yaşandığı 1979 yılından
D) big companies were taking their money out
sonra güç kazanmıştır.
of the markets
C) Çin’de yetkililerin 1979 yılında güç
E) dealers will know about this crisis
kullanarak ağır para cezaları karşılığında
beforehand
kabul ettirdikleri tek çocuk politikası, aşırı
nüfus artışının yaşandığı bir dönemden
36. Thanks to the development of the Internet
sonra uygulamaya girmiştir.
and e-commerce, ----.
D) Çin’in 1979 yılında yaşanan aşırı nüfus
artışından sonra uygulamaya koyduğu tek
A) the enormousness of such a task should be
çocuk politikası, yetkililer tarafından ağır
examined in light of rapid changes in
para cezaları sayesinde kabul ettirilmiştir.
technology
E) Ağır para cezaları konularak halka kabul
B) certain service activities are increasingly
ettirilen Çin’deki tek çocuk politikası,
outsourced from independent service
ülkenin yaşamış olduğu aşırı nüfus artışı
suppliers
döneminden sonra yetkililer tarafından
C) it is crucial to distinguish between sourcing
1979’da yürürlüğe konulmuştur
on a “contractual” basis and sourcing on an
.
“intrafirm” basis
38. According to some physicists, the universe
D) the advantages to be gained by licensing
is just a little lighter than a black hole of the
depend onthe technology, firm size, product
same size.
maturity and extent of a firm’s experience
E) trade barriers keep international markets
A) Bazı fizikçilere göre, bir kara delik, aynı
separated and permit the affiliate to operate
boyuttaki evrenden sadece biraz daha
profitably
ağırdır.
B) Bazı fizikçiler, evrenin, aynı büyüklükteki bir
kara delikten, sadece biraz daha hafif
olduğunu öne sürmektedirler.
C) Bazı fizikçiler, evrenin, aynı boyuttaki bir
kara delik kadar hafif olduğunu
varsaymaktadırlar.
D) Bazı fizikçilere göre, evrenin ağırlığı, aynı
boyuttaki bir kara deliğin ağırlığını
geçmemektedir.
E) Bazı fizikçilere göre, evren, aynı boyuttaki
bir kara delikten yalnızca biraz daha hafiftir.

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39. The current global crisis has changed the 41. Çoğu bilim insanı, yıllarca, gezegenimizdeki
way we think about the poor. ekolojik sistemlerin dengesinin gerçekten ne
denli hassas olduğunun önemini
A) Yoksullar hakkındaki düşüncelerimizi kavramamıştır.
değiştiren günümüzde devam eden küresel
krizdir. A) For years, most scientists have
B) Yoksullar hakkındaki düşüncelerimiz, underestimated just how delicate the
devam eden küresel krizle tamamen balance of the ecological systems on our
değişmiş bulunmaktadır. planet really is.
C) Günümüzdeki küresel kriz, bizi yoksullar B) The question as to whether the ecological
hakkında farklı düşünmeye yöneltiyor. systems on our planet have a delicate
D) Günümüzdeki küresel kriz, yoksullara balance has in fact been overlooked for
yönelik düşünme şeklimizi değiştirmiştir. years by many scientists.
E) Bugünkü küresel kriz nedeniyle yoksullara C) The ecological systems on our planet are
ilişkin düşüncelerimizde önemli değişiklikler so delicate that, for years, most scientists
olmuştur. have not really taken them into account.
D) Our planet‘s ecological systems, which are
40. On üç bin yıl kadar önce, buzullar yavaş really extremely delicate, have been
yavaş çekilirken, Akdeniz‘in doğu ucunda, neglected for years by various scientists.
bataklıklar, otlaklar ve evcil hayvanlardan E) Many scientists have failed for years to
oluşan yeni bir ekolojik alan ortaya çıkmıştır. understand that our planet‘s ecological
systems are indeed very delicate.
A) When glaciers receded over a period of
thirteen thousand years, marshes, 42. Ekonomik kalkınma gibi, siyasi barışıklık,
grasslands and domestic animals made up Afganistan için çözümün gerçekten bir
a new ecological area at the eastern end of parçası olmak zorundadır.
the Mediterranean Sea.
B) It was exactly thirteen thousand years ago A) Political reconciliation, just like economic
that, as glaciers began to slowly disappear, development, must indeed be regarded as
there emerged at the eastern end of the a final settlement in Afghanistan.
Mediterranean Sea a new ecological area, B) Not only economic development but also
which consisted of marshes, arable lands, political reconciliation has really to be the
and domesticated animals. ultimate settlement in Afghanistan.
C) As glaciers slowly disappeared thirteen C) It is essential that, in addition to economic
thousand years ago, the eastern end of the development, political reconciliation must in
Mediterranean Sea turned into a new fact be considered for a lasting solution in
ecological area that accommodated Afghanistan.
marshes, arable lands, and domestic D) As part of a lasting solution in Afghanistan,
animals. political reconciliation as well as economic
D) As glaciers began to recede slowly, the development must indeed be taken into
eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea consideration.
witnessed, about thirteen thousand years E) Like economic development, political
ago, the development of a new ecological reconciliation does indeed need to be part
area of marshes, grasslands and of the solution for Afghanistan.
domesticated animals.
E) About thirteen thousand years ago, when
glaciers slowly receded, a new ecological
area of marshes, grasslands and domestic
animals emerged at the eastern end of the
Mediterranean Sea.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. It is pointed out in the passage that, since
cevaplayınız. the causes of meningitis are varied, ----.

A) any kind of antibiotic may be used to treat

When doctors suspect meningitis, they must quickly
any case of meningitis
determine whether it is from a bacterial, viral, fungal,
B) the treatments must also vary
or other type of infection or from irritation caused by
C) it is virtually impossible to track down the
something other than an infection (for example, a
cause in any one instance
chemical). The possible causes are many, and the
D) irritation caused by a chemical is the most
treatment differs for each. The test usually used to
likely
diagnose meningitis and determine its cause is the
E) the type of white blood cell determines the
spinal tap, or lumbar puncture. A thin needle is
choice of antibiotic
inserted between two bones in the lower spinal
column to withdraw a sample of cerebrospinal fluid
46. We see from the passage that meningitis
from an area just below the spinal cord. The doctor
may be caused by ----.
then examines the fluid for bacteria under a
microscope and sends a sample of it to the
A) different antibiotics
laboratory to be cultured and identified. The bacteria
B) cerebrospinal fluid
can be tested for susceptibility to treatment with
C) a spinal tap
different antibiotics. The sugar level, an increase in
D) the blood-sugar level
protein, and the number and type of white blood
E) an infection or an irritation
cells in the fluid also help determine the type of
infection.

43. It is mentioned in the passage that the fluid

obtained from a lumbar puncture ----.

A) always contains elevated levels of protein

and white blood cells
B) is different from that obtained during a
spinal tap
C) is examined carefully to help understand
the cause of the meningitis
D) is not helpful in deciding on methods of
treatment for meningitis
E) is not a common diagnostic test for
meningitis

44. It is clear from the passage that, for testing

purposes, a small amount of cerebrospinal
fluid ----.

A) can be removed from low down in the

spinal column
B) is not enough for an accurate diagnosis of
meningitis
C) can be extracted once meningitis has been
diagnosed
D) should be taken but this will have no
influence on the choice of antibiotic to be
used
E) should be examined only if an increase in
the protein levels is suspected

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. It is emphasized in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. economic well-being of Pompeii ----.

The Roman city of Pompeii in A.D. 79 was a thriving A) reached its climax in A.D. 79, the year in
provincial centre, a few miles from the Bay of which there was a sharp increase in its
Naples, with a population of between 10,000 and population
20,000 people. Its narrow streets, made narrower by B) primarily depended on the commercial
street vendors and shops with cloth awnings for activities of its people as well as
shade, were full of shoppers, tavern-goers, slaves, holidaymakers from the North
and vacationers from the North. A huge new C) attracted all kinds of people with money,
aqueduct supplied running water from the Lower who crowded its streets and led a carefree
Apennine mountains, which flowed from fountains life
throughout the city, even in private homes. But the D) was essentially related to the fertility of its
key to Pompeii’s prosperity, and that of smaller land, which was due to the volcanic
settlements nearby like Oplontis and Terzigna, was eruptions of Mount Vesuvius
the region’s rich black earth provided by Mount E) was the outcome of its exploitation of the
Vesuvius’ volcanic eruptions. “One of the ironies of settlements around it such as Oplontis and
volcanoes is that they tend to produce very fertile Terzigna
soils, and that tends to tempt people to live around
them”, says geologist Philip Janey. Had Roman 49. One understands from the passage that
knowledge in the summer of A.D. 79 been less Pompeii ----.
mythological and more geological, the Pompeiians
might have recognized the danger signs from Mount
Vesuvius and escaped the volcanic eruption that A) was the only Roman city famous for its
was to follow. taverns and shopping centres
B) was one of the Roman centres for the slave
trade
C) had a very efficient water system
47. According to the passage, in A.D. 79, there
D) was the second largest city in the Roman
had been some geological indications that --
Empire
--.
E) had been destroyed by volcanic eruptions
several times before A.D. 79
A) Mount Vesuvius was about to erupt, but the
people of Pompeii failed to understand
50. According to the passage, what geologist
them
Philip Janey is actually saying in the part
B) the Bay of Naples posed a serious danger
quoted is that ----.
to the city of Pompeii, but it was ignored by
the Pompeiians
C) the area in which the city of Pompeii was A) the city of Pompeii should have been
situated was becoming less and less fertile founded on the other side of the Bay of
D) the water resources in the Lower Apennine Naples
mountains were no longer adequate to B) volcanic terrain is most suitable for people
supply water to the city of Pompeii to settle and live on
E) Oplontis and Terzigna, the settlements near C) people always prefer to settle in volcanic
Pompeii, were not safe to live in and, areas since they believe the land there is
therefore, had to be evacuated more fertile
D) the Pompeiians knew that the area around
Mount Vesuvius was not a safe place to
settle in, but they settled there anyway
E) people attracted by the fertile lands around
volcanoes prefer to live there, ignoring the
dangers of a volcanic eruption

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. We understand from the passage that, as
cevaplayınız. part of an effort to prove the existence of ice
on the moon, NASA ----.

In an attempt to settle the question of whether ice

exists on the moon, NASA plans to launch the Lunar A) will make no use of high-resolution radio
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) in 2008. Travelling telescopes
in a polar orbit only 50 kilometres above the moon’s B) is currently observing the moon from Earth
surface, the probe will focus a high-resolution C) is planning to send one spacecraft to orbit
neutron sensor on the suspected ice deposits to the moon and another to land there
determine their precise locations. But because the D) is going to send a landing craft that will rely
ice is probably buried and mixed with lunar dirt, solely on solar power
NASA will also need to land a probe to dig up and E) has already sent a spacecraft there to take
analyze soil samples. This mission, scheduled for pictures
2011, is a challenging one because instruments
operating in shadowed areas cannot use solar
power. The craft could land at a sunlit site and send 53. It is pointed out in the passage that, since
a battery-powered vehicle into a dark crater, but the there may be more ice on one part of the
batteries would quickly die. A radioisotope thermal moon’s surface than on another, ----.
generator could provide electricity using heat from
plutonium decay, but NASA is leaning against this
option because it is expensive and controversial. A) a battery-powered vehicle is an essential
Another idea under consideration is sending a probe part of the probe
that could hop from place to place on the lunar B) facilities which will examine the ice must be
surface by restarting its landing rockets, lifting the built near larger ice patches
craft to 100 metres above its original landing site C) the search there for ice is expensive and
and moving it to another spot in the crater basin to controversial
hunt for ice. Investigating more than one site is D) it is essential to test for ice in several
crucial because the ice may be unevenly distributed. different areas
Yet another alternative would be to fire E) it will not be possible to use the ice for
groundpenetrating instruments at several places in future space exploration
the shadowed basin, either from a lander at the
crater’s rim or from an orbiting craft.
54. We see from the passage that the main
problem of landing a probe on the moon to
test for ice in shadowed areas is ----.
51. It is clear from the passage that ----.

A) that the public is not interested in the

A) firing ground-penetrating instruments at the project
moon could upset the balance of its surface B) the hard, rocky surface of the moon
B) there are several options for producing a C) lack of government funding for the project
probe that could work in the shadowed D) the extremely cold temperatures the probe
areas of the moon would have to work in
C) NASA will use plutonium decay to provide E) that it would not be able to use solar power
power for its newest landing probe
D) the spacecraft that NASA wants to send to
the moon will probably never actually be
manufactured
E) NASA plans only to send a probe to orbit
the moon, not to land on it

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. According to the passage, while the narrator
cevaplayınız. was in New Zealand, he ----.

A) tried to find ways whereby he could travel

When you stay as a guest in someone’s house, you
independently
give up your anonymity. This becomes quite a
B) had the opportunity to taste the native
challenge if you are the kind of person who
produce unique to the country
cherishes independence. However, when you and
C) was frustrated with the programme
your host are on the same wavelength, you can
prepared for him by his hosts
have a trip more special than money can buy. Some
D) was particularly attracted by the location of
years ago when I went to Auckland, New Zealand,
a popular TV series
for the first time, my hosts were a couple, about my
E) did not have enough money to see the
age, whom I had met while travelling in Europe.
other parts of the country outside Auckland
They had a full programme lined up for me. They
drove me around and showed me their favourite hot
58. It is pointed out in the passage that the
springs and also the beach where a popular TV
narrator and his hosts ----.
series had once been filmed. At mealtimes, they
introduced me to their favourite restaurants, where I
A) knew each other before he travelled to New
sampled cheeses from south New Zealand that
Zealand
don’t get exported, and fruits grown locally.
B) had made a long journey together across
Normally such a tight schedule would make me
many European countries
nervous, but I found myself happily relinquishing
C) spent a fortune to experience the pleasures
control to my hosts, who truly understood the
of New Zealand
pleasures of their native country and enjoyed
D) were genuinely interested in sampling a
sharing them. I couldn’t have encountered this New
large variety of New Zealand’s food and
Zealand on my own.
drinks
E) were independent people who preferred to
55. As we understand from the passage, the
be on their own
narrator ----.

A) was a person who shamelessly exploited

the couple’s hospitality
B) expected his hosts to meet all the expenses
of his sightseeing in and around Auckland
C) and his hosts had similar tastes and
interests, which made his trip most
enjoyable
D) was more interested in eating than visiting
places
E) enjoyed the beginning of the holiday but not
the latter part

56. It is suggested in the passage that a person

with a sense of independence ----.

A) enjoys travelling together with other people

B) can make friends easily while travelling
C) soon mixes with other people
D) wants to be led around by friends who
know the territory
E) usually prefers to be anonymous when he
or she travels

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. It is suggested in the passage that lactic
cevaplayınız. acidosis in patients suffering from smoke
inhalation ----.

The most common cause of cyanide poisoning is

A) is the most common cause of cyanide
smoke inhalation. A source to the public is
poisoning
acetonitrile in the form of artificial fingernail remover.
B) can be eliminated through the enzyme
Cyanide poisoning produces cellular hypoxia by
called “rhodanese”
binding with the ferric iron of mitochondrial
C) can cause the formation of toxic
cytochrome oxidase, disrupting the electron
thiocyanate in the body
transport chain and the ability of cells to use
D) is one of the indicators of cyanide poisoning
oxygen. Patients who inhale cyanide may rapidly
E) should not be taken as evidence of cyanide
develop coma, shock, seizures, lactic acidosis, and
poisoning
respiratory and cardiac arrest. Mild exposures
following smoke inhalation are now being described.
62. It is clearly emphasized in the passage that
Diagnosis may be difficult in these patients, and
several important bodily functions ----.
emergency administration of an antidote may be
lifesaving. Patients with smoke inhalation who show
A) are severely impaired as a result of cyanide
evidence of lactic acidosis should be suspected of
poisoning
cyanide poisoning. The body has a natural enzyme,
B) can be weakened through intravenous
called “rhodanese”, which can complex cyanide and
administration of sodium thiosulphate
sulphur to form mildly toxic thiocyanate. Intravenous
C) can be undermined by rhodanese unless
administration of sodium thiosulphate provides the
an antidote is administered
sulphur necessary to produce thiocyanate and is
D) depend, to a large extent, on the presence
relatively safe. Sodium nitrite may also be
of thiocyanate in the blood
administered, but its use is reserved for the most
E) are not affected by cellular hypoxia or the
critical cases only, because it causes hypertension
disruption of the electron transport chain
and methemoglobinemia.

59. It is pointed out in the passage that cyanide

poisoning ----.

A) results solely from the use of some

cosmetics such as artificial fingernail
remover
B) can be diagnosed very easily, but its
treatment takes a long time
C) has the potential to quickly lead to some
very serious complications
D) has no effect whatsoever on cells and their
functions
E) is rarely related to smoke inhalation

60. According to the passage, in very severe

cases of cyanide poisoning, ----.

A) administration of sodium nitrite may be

recommended
B) hypertension and methemoglobinemia
cannot be avoided
C) various kinds of antidotes can be
administered but few are reliable
D) patients should be put under constant
observation to control lactic acidosis
E) the use of sodium thiosulphate should be
completely ruled out

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Ruth :- What do you think of global
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi warming and humans’ alleged role in it?
bulunuz. Larry :- Global warming is a problem
that will largely have to be solved through
energy conservation, but ----
63. Hank :- I’m travelling to South America
Ruth :- What do you really mean?
next week.
Larry :- I mean it’s environmental
Linda :- Oh, then you should have a
hypocrisy!
typhoid immunization.
Ruth :- Hypocrisy?
Hank :- Why? Everyone knows it isn’t
Larry :- Yes. These people preach clean
100% effective.
energy, simple living, and use of mass
Linda :- ----
transportation while doing none of these things
themselves.
A) You should drink only carbonated bottled
drinks or water that has been boiled.
A) people who care about children, born or
B) Even so, it can offer you some protection
unborn, should be aware of the lurking
against the disease.
environmental dangers.
C) You know that even if you are immunized,
B) industrial agriculture has lowered the
you may still contract other gastro-intestinal
nutritional value of staple vegetable crops
disorders while you’re there.
far below what it used to be.
D) Are you travelling to any small villages?
C) these high-profile environmentalists who
You will be at greater risk if you are.
talk and talk and do little else are worse
E) Foods that are cooked and served hot are
than useless.
less likely to cause an infection.
D) people must take scientific facts into
account when making important life
64. Vicki :- I’ve just eaten a large meal, and
choices.
I’m already hungry again!
E) there may be no solution to the coming
Bryan :- ----
nightmare of world overpopulation.
Vicki :- I had soup and bread, and a
baked potato with vegetables.
66. Michael :- I have finally decided to quit
Bryan :- You’re hungry again because
smoking while I still have my health.
you ate mostly carbohydrates. Your body has
Dorothy :- Good for you! It’s hard to
already used the energy from your meal and is
believe that cigarette smoking, which is banned
looking for more energy.
inside most places now for health reasons,
used to be encouraged by the government.
A) Are you feeling angry about something?
Michael :- You must be joking!
That always makes me feel hungry!
Dorothy :- ----
B) How long ago did you have lunch?
C) You’re eating far too quickly.
A) You know I never joke about social
D) What did you eat for lunch?
problems and the situation of the poor.
E) What’s your favourite meal?
There’s nothing funny about people going
hungry.
B) Smoking has been proven to greatly
increase the likelihood of later getting lung
cancer, heart disease, and several other
terrible conditions.
C) No, I’m serious. In wartime, the generals
told the government they needed ‘tobacco
as much as bullets,’ and the government
happily sent both.
D) Yes, actually. Do you want to hear even
funnier jokes? I know one about two
nurses who worked in a children’s hospital.
E) The harmful effects of passive smoking on
people who are not themselves smokers
are only now becoming known by the
general public.

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67. Nancy :- Things are getting crazier and 69. It was not until the time of Shakespeare that
crazier in science. Now the US government has companies of players emerged Who made the
approved a new drug that is not made in a stage their profession.
factory but in genetically-modified goats!
Julie :- ---- A) Before the age of Shakespeare companies of
Nancy :- They secrete the drug in their professional actors were already beginning to
milk, and it’s then used to untangle blood clots appear.
in patients. B) By Shakespeare's time there were already
Julie :- I suppose that’s okay, as long groups of actors whose theatrical activities
as the animals are not harmed in the process. were conducted on professional lines.
C) The actors of Shakespeare's time were
A) Is that a drug that you and I are likely to professionals and organised themselves into
need in the future? companies.
B) Won’t that lead to unemployment in the D) By the age of Shakespeare, acting had
drug industry? become a profession and the players were
C) Are the goats even aware of what has been grouped into various companies.
done to them? E) Companies of players who made a profession
D) Why has the government allowed the of acting came into being for the first time in
producers of this drug to go so far beyond the age of Shakespeare.
what is normal?
E) What do the goats do that a factory can’t? 70. The scene is set in Normandy, but most of
the characters in this novel are Londoners.

A) In the novel, the action moves backwards

68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en and forwards between Normandy and
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. London.
B) In this novel, the story takes place in
68. Although Windows 2000 has a number of Normandy but the majority of the
features that distinguish it from NT4, and characters are from London.
make it more flexible, more secure and C) The main characters in the novel are
easier to maintain, the main aim has been Londoners on a sightseeing holiday in
something altogether different. Normandy.
D) The story is about Normandy, but the
A) Although windows 2000 and NT4 have a leading characters are all Londoners.
number of features in common, the former E) Though Normandy provides the setting for
is more flexible, safer and easier of the story, the characters are all too clearly
maintenance, and in other ways too, quite Londoners.
different.
B) Windows 2000 is certainly different in 71. In a country such as Russia, where much
several aspects from NT4 with the result power is vested in one man, that man can
that it is less rigid, safer and upkeep is less make quite a difference.
complex; but these changes do not by any
means constitute the main goal. A) Should one man be given unlimited power,
C) The main aim with Windows 2000 was to as in Russia, it would make a difference to
give it certain features like flexibility, the country.
security and ease of maintenance so as to B) When, as in Russia, one man
distinguish it from NT4. unconditionally wields enormous power, he
D) The main goal in producing Windows 2000 can affect many changes.
was not to distinguish it from NT4 by C) If much power were invested in one man, in
making it less rigid, safer and easier of a country such as Russia, he could bring
upkeep, but those are certainly some of its about great changes.
features. D) It would make a terrific difference in Russia,
E) Flexibility, security and ease of for instance, if a great deal of power were
maintenance are some of the features that vested in one man.
distinguish Windows 2000 from NT4 and E) In a country such as Russia, there would be
these constitute the main aim in producing a notable difference if complete power were
it. vested in such a man as that.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. ---- The first is that price changes are
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek normally distributed. In other words, most
cümleyi bulunuz. price changes are small moves up or down;
very rarely are there extremely large
changes. Second, price changes are
72. Anorexia simply means loss of appetite,
statistically independent, that is, a price
something experienced by most people from
change today has nothing to do with past
time to time. ----The result, inevitably, is
prices. Mandelbrot tears down these
severe loss of weight. Anorexia nervosa is
assumptions and shows how his models
common in models, actresses, dancers and
provide a far more accurate description of
others who are much concerned with the
the risks involved in financial markets.
appearance of their bodies. In a minority of
cases, it is a symptom of a serious
A) Mandelbrot has been trying to persuade
underlying psychiatric disorder such as
economists that his model can provide a
schizophrenia.
more accurate description of price changes.
B) Mandelbrot believes that markets are far
A) Even after normal weight has been
riskier than economists believe.
regained, a young woman who has had
C) While the views of Mandelbrot are gradually
anorexia nervosa may need to remain
being accepted, established models remain
under psychiatric care.
dominant.
B) Furthermore, many anorexics come from
D) The assumption that economics is not a
close-knit families that are often
full-fledged science has been challenged by
obsessional in their habits.
two eminent scholars.
C) Thus, anorexia nervosa demands skilled
E) There are two assumptions that have been
treatment in hospital under the care of
at the root of economics since its
those experienced in the condition.
foundation about a century ago.
D) However, it can develop into a serious
disorder of perception that causes the
74. We tend to think that stress is like a pair of
sufferer, almost always a young woman, to
slippers– one size fits all. Either we are
believe that she is too fat.
stressed or we are not. But the fact is that it
E) Often a system of rewards could be
comes in different shapes, sizes and levels
effective, in which privileges, such as visits,
of intensity. ---- However, the danger is that
are rewarded for weight gained.
stress, which often increases as weage, is a
major driver of health problems. Stress
diminishes our immune system and it alters
variability of our heart rates, which may lead
to fatal health problems.

A) For example, stress heightens all of our

biological systems so that we can deal with
a potential threat.
B) Furthermore, some of us certainly worry
more than others and some of us are much
better equipped to cope with emergencies
than others
C) The big difference between stress today
and stress yesterday is not the fact that
cavemen did not have e-mail; it’s that their
stress was temporary.
D) Too much stress can lead to a number of
problems like heart attacks, cancer and
disabling accidents.
E) In contrast, there seems to be a direct
relationship between stress and aging;
more stress means faster aging.

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75. Sensing the emotional states of others is an 77. (I) The use of computers in tests of psychology
important part of social interaction. If you do represents only one aspect of the increasing
not do this well, you may end up utilization of computers. (II) For example, Allian
unintentionally annoying or offending those described computerized systems for measuring
in your social circle. ---- You can strengthen physical strength. (III) Furthermore,
friendships by recognizing when a person is computerized sensors are able to recognize
sad and looking for appropriate comfort, for and indicate the existence, size and location of
example. To succeed in business, you also potential lung abnormalities. (IV) Besides,
need to accurately detect the emotions of computerization is most likely to be necessary
other people when proposing a new idea or when the tasks in the test require precise
deciding when to ask for promotion. timing. (V) However, psychological
measurement represents a special case in
A) You cannot help but communicate your which the use of computers might change the
mood to colleagues and neighbours meaning of the test scores.
through subtle cues.
B) Some people find it virtually impossible to A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
detect other people’s feelings and have
difficulty relating to others. 78. (I) If you are in your 40s and British, it is quite
C) In the past, scientists focused largely on a possible that your spelling is an
region of the brain responsible for detecting embarrassment, but it’s not your fault. (II) Many
emotional hints. children in the UK were never taught the
D) Researchers have found that cues such as distinction between “there,” “their, ”and
posture and tone of voice are critical to “they’re.” (III) Now, the rate of literacy has gone
nonverbal communication. up in Britain and many other countries. (IV) You
E) Detecting emotional hints is critical to may have struggled to learn to read using the
success in many domains such as initial teaching alphabet: a mixture of 40 letters
friendships and business. that was supposed to provide a stepping stone
to literacy.(V) However, it tripped up many
children when they had to switch to the
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla standard 26-letter one.
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

76. (I) If you travel to a foreign country, reading the 79. (I) Galileo attempted to measure the speed of
localpaper might not be your only problem; light by trying to measure the time required for
understanding the local people can cause light to travel a known distance between two
confusion, too. (II) This is because, just as hilltops. (II) Galileo stationed an assistant on
languages have different dialects, there are one hilltop, and himself on another, and ordered
dialects of emotional expression.(III) For the assistant to lift the cover from a lamp the
instance, experts coded the facial muscles used instant he saw a flash from Galileo’s lamp.(III)
while expressing 10 emotions and found When the person’s head moved to one side, a
several cultural differences. (IV) Reflexive different bundle of rays would enter the eye
responses like fear and disgust showed the from each point. (IV) The time was so short that
least regional variation, while sadness, he concluded it merely represented human
happiness, shame, and anger showed the most. reaction time, and that the speed of light must
(V) Moreover, most of us would find it difficult be extremely high. (V) Galileo measured the
and uncomfortable to speak for a long time. time between the flash of his lamp and when he
received the light from his assistant’s lamp.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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80. (I) In May, 2011, Rupert Murdoch flew to

London for a meeting with his top newspaper
executives.(II) Afterwards, he arranged a dinner
to work out how to handle the phone-hacking
scandal that had been hanging over the
newspaper for months.(III) A lawsuit filed by
actress Sienna Miller charged that a senior
editor in the News of the World was behind a
campaign to hack into her phone. (IV) When it
was time to sit down for the meal, everyone
took assigned positions, with Murdoch sitting in
the middle.(V) The claim sparked a police
investigation, producing disclosures about
repeated incidents of phone-hacking by the
News of the World journalists.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 45 6. The EU recognizes that progress on human

rights around the world ---- the cooperation
and collaboration of many groups and
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere individuals.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) gets into
1. It is hoped that these ---- projects will lead to B) makes up
a better understanding of typhoons and C) takes off
improve short-term weather forecasting. D) depends on
E) puts off
A) defensive
B) excessive 7. The Houston Caribbean Festival brings a
C) comprehensive feast ---- music and colour ---- the streets of
D) regrettable downtown Houston each year.
E) forceful
A) on / by
2. The Sun’s gravitational pull on the moon is B) at / over
more than twice that ---- by the Earth. C) of / to
D) above / off
A) attempted E) to / within
B) undertaken
C) magnified 8. The separation of people ---- categories is
D) replaced one of the most important ways in which
E) exerted one group asserts and maintains its
dominance ---- another.
3. Although money is not the only means of
payment for goods and services, it is the A) from / by
one which is most ---- used. B) into / over
C) to / with
A) densely D) on / through
B) widely E) at / for
C) closely
D) suddenly 9. One of the best fossil locations in the United
E) inclusively States is the Morrison formation area ---- the
Dinosaur National Monument, which covers
4. Pain is a highly subjective ---- that no two the border ---- the states of Colorado and
people experience in exactly the same way. Utah.

A) regulation A) about / of
B) sensation B) in / on
C) reinforcement C) at / between
D) coincidence D) onto / through
E) inquiry E) over / towards

5. The original inhabitants of Burundi were the 10. The term 'health illiteracy' refers to the
Twa, a people who now ---- only 1% of the condition where a person knows ---- about
population. medical information and how to use it that it
negatively affects his or her access to the
A) set out health-care system.
B) stand by
C) take on A) few
D) come to B) as such
E) make up C) many
D) so little
E) a few

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11. Memory often works best when we have a 16. Evidence that humans ---- to cultivate crops
visual representation of past events, ---- this approximately 10, 000 years ago ---- the
mental picture will help us bring out many presence of agricultural tools at
details. archaeological sites.

A) as A) have begun / will include

B) although B) might have begun / would have included
C) whereas C) had begun / had included
D) otherwise D) were beginning / has included
E) but E) began / includes

12. ---- adventurers return home after having

succeeded in another country, they bring
back real-world skills and experience for
their own communities.

A) Although
B) Whereas
C) As if
D) Whether
E) When

13. The age at which puberty begins seems to

be influenced by a child‘s general health
and nutrition ---- by socioeconomic and
hereditary factors.

A) also
B) so long as
C) as well as
D) both
E) either

14. Long ---- as a rat poison, arsenic ---- to halt a

deadly blood cancer called acute
promyelocytic leukaemia.

A) being used / can be shown

B) using / was shown
C) used / has been shown
D) to be used / is shown
E) having used / had been shown

15. By organizing the trade efficiently, a country

---- its revenue, since more taxes ----.

A) will increase / were being paid

B) increases / have been paid
C) has increased / had been paid
D) may increase / will be paid
E) had increased / will have been paid

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

I was at Manchester's Bridgewater Hall last week to Computers are now part of our everyday lives and
hear an all-Byrd programme performed to a packed there seems to be nothing out of the ordinary about
hall. This would have been unimaginable (17) ---- 20 them. However, the computers of the (22) ---- are a
years ago. Not surprisingly, a good (18) ---- of the different proposition. They are already beginning to
audience applauded in the wrong places. I regard sound (23) ---- science fiction. Supercomputers,
this as good news (19) ---- bad news. This was a many (24) ---- more powerful than today’s fastest
new audience (20) ---- to a concert hall by CD machines, could be contained in a tiny drop of
recordings and I (21) ---- the experience of being a liquid. (25) ---- would not be built of silicon, (26) ----
part of it. DNA, the stuff of life itself.

17. 22.
A) for A) future
B) hardly B) current
C) still C) present
D) yet D) recent
E) even E) next

18. 23.
A) impression A) according to
B) supply B) along with
C) example C) like
D) proportion D) close by
E) quality E) up to

19. 24.
A) apart from A) conditions
B) so long as B) ways
C) rather than C) times
D) in addition to D) degrees
E) except E) tests

20. 25.
A) attracted A) Theirs
B) having been attracted B) These
C) having attracted C) Any of them
D) to attract D) The latter
E) attracting E) Which

21. 26.
A) discerned A) but of
B) abandoned B) rather than
C) preferred C) instead of
D) sensed D) though
E) valued E) except

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. Although there are clear gains from
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. international specialization and exchange, --
--.

27. ---- that absorbs energy from the Sun’s rays

A) the exchange rate measures the price of
and uses it to make food.
one currency in terms of another
B) foreign exchange is foreign currency
A) Roots of the plant are nourished with water
needed to carry out international
B) Plants are grown in large containers
transactions
C) Some chemicals control plant growth
C) nearly all nations tend to restrict their trade
D) Plants are unique in their ability to produce
to a certain extent
food
D) what one country does influences its
E) A leaf is often a flat structure
neighbours economically
E) the potential car market is enormous in
28. If the human brain can be reduced to finite
China andLatin America
bits of information, ----.
32. Facts and ideas brought in by total
A) it would have been possible to treat all
outsiders will tend to be rejected ----.
forms of mental illnesses
B) what we expect is the slowing of the aging
A) because groups generally pursue their own
process of the body
reasoning
C) then all that is needed to copy a person’s
B) as long as there are some values common
memories is a powerful computer
to the conflicting parties
D) nothing could have been compared with the
C) when there is no reason to believe that this
power of the mind
is a universal principle
E) the working patterns of the brain are yet to
D) as individuals should be manipulated much
be discovered
in the same fashion as material things
E) on condition that they lacked the time to
29. Although over a hundred types of
acquire the discipline and form proper
headaches exist , ----.
relationships

A) people with chronic headaches exhibit high

33. ----, it will become more and more of a basic
sensitivity to pain
item in the kitchen.
B) the underlying causes of the most common
ones remain unclear
A) Unlike the widespread acceptance of wheat,
C) serious medical conditions are generally
corn, rice, and oats by the population
associated with them
B) Although barley’s amazing properties have
D) anxiety and depression may be linked to
allowed this grain to endure for millennia
stressful events
C) Since the American public has traditionally
E) it can be a severe problem that requires
been slow to embrace barley
medical assistance
D) As new research reveals that barley can be
a healthful addition to our diet
30. Since the purpose of charity is to make life
E) If barley is not stored in an air-tight
better for others, ----.
container in a cool place

A) sacrificing some of your self-interest for the

34. Robotics engineers are now producing
benefit of those in need is praiseworthy
robots that mimic the gestures of real
B) more than half of the money taken in by aid
people ----.
organizations is from private donations
C) health organizations may sometimes have
A) which might be another form of body
difficulties in raising funds to fight diseases
language
D) it is now easy to donate to your favourite
B) when someone points towards himself
charity using direct deposit
C) as if communicating with others were easy
E) donations from governments are not as
D) as this makes them appear much more
important as they used to be
natural
E) until other problems have been overcome

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35. The American Army Corps of Engineers 38. Each year in the United States, there appear
managed to control the spread of disease an estimated number of 180, 000 new cases
among the workers of the Panama Canal of breast cancer, and more than 40, 000
Construction Company, ----. women die from it.

A) in case the French wanted to learn how to A) Her yıl Birleşik Devletler’de ortaya çıkan
treat yellow fever among their workers tahmini 180.000 yeni meme kanseri
B) except the French had given up after yellow vakasının 40.000’ den fazlası ölümle
fever had killed many of them sonuçlanmaktadır.
C) but the Americans had far lower mortality B) Birleşik Devletler’de ortaya çıkan, yıllık
statistics than the French tahmini 180.000 yeni meme kanseri
D) even if the prevalence of tropical diseases vakasında her yıl 40.000’den fazla kadının
in that region had not been so serious öldüğü görülmektedir.
E) of whom almost 20,000 came from the C) Her yıl 40.000’den fazla kadının meme
Caribbean island of Barbados kanserinden öldüğü Birleşik Devletler’de
her yıl tahminen 180.000 yeni vaka
36. Debates arise over which voting technology görülmektedir.
is the most accurate and least susceptible D) Her yıl Birleşik Devletler’de tahminen
to tampering----. 180.000 yeni meme kanseri vakası ortaya
çıkmaktadır ve 40.000’den fazla kadın
A) that could easily have been prevented bundan ölmektedir.
B) whenever national elections are held E) Birleşik Devletler’de her yıl gözlemlenen
C) whether it is plausible for the majority or not tahmini 180.000 yeni meme kanseri
D) until balloting security is jeopardized vakasının 40.000’ den fazlasında
E) as if all votes have been counted hastaların kaybedildiği belirlenmiştir.

39. China and India have banned the use of

37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye prenatal diagnostic techniques to learn the
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe sex of an unborn child.
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz. A) Çin ve Hindistan’da, doğum öncesi bazı
tanı tekniklerinin kullanımı yasaklanınca,
37. There has been much discussion about why doğmamış çocukların cinsiyeti artık
ancient Athenian culture encouraged öğrenilemiyor.
philosophy. B) Çin’de ve Hindistan’da doğum öncesi tanı
tekniklerini kullanmak yasak olduğundan,
A) Eski Atina kültürünün felsefeyi neden çocukların cinsiyeti doğumdan önce
teşvik ettiği hususunda çok tartışma öğrenilemiyor.
olmuştur. C) Hindistan gibi Çin’de de, çocukların
B) Eski Atina kültürünün felsefeyi neden cinsiyetini doğumdan önce öğrenmek için
özendirdiği önemli tartışmalara yol kullanılan tanı teknikleri yasaklandı.
açmıştır. D) Çin ve Hindistan, doğmamış çocuğun
C) Felsefenin Eski Atina kültüründen nasıl cinsiyetini öğrenmek için doğum öncesi
beslendiği konusu çok tartışılmıştır. tanı tekniklerinin kullanımını yasaklamıştır.
D) Eski Atina kültürünün felsefeye nasıl E) Çin ve Hindistan, doğum öncesi tanı
kaynaklık ettiği hep tartışılmıştır. tekniklerini, bunların çocukların cinsiyetini
E) Eski Atina kültürünün felsefeyi niçin öğrenmek için kullanılması nedeniyle
desteklediği daima tartışılmıştır. yasakladığını ilan etti.

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40. Mevcut küresel kriz nedeniyle uluslararası 42. 1870‘lerden itibaren, pazar, mal ve nüfuz
ticaretin çökmesi, kalkınma iktisatçılarını, arayışı, Avrupalı sanayileşmiş ülkelerin
ticareti, bir büyüme motoru olarak görme emperyalist yayılışını körüklemiş ve sonuçta
konusunda kuşkulandırmıştır. onları çoğu kez birbirleriyle karşı karşıya
getirmiştir.
A) The fact that trade is an engine of growth
has been dismissed by development A) From the 1870s on, search for markets,
economists, since the current global crisis goods, and influence fuelled the imperial
has caused the collapse of international expansion of the European industrialized
trade. countries and, consequently, often put
B) The current global crisis has undermined them at odds with each other.
international trade, and this has led B) During the decades following the 1870s,
development economists to scepticism the imperial expansion of the European
about trade as a means of growth. industrialized countries was mainly
C) In view of the current global crisis and its characterized through search for markets,
adverse impact on international trade, goods, and influence, which frequently led
many development economists have come these countries into hostilities.
to disregard trade as an engine of growth. C) As of 1870, the industrialized countries of
D) Due to the current global crisis and the Europe got into a search for markets,
decline of international trade, development goods, and influence and were, therefore,
economists doubt whether trade can be involved in imperial expansion that made
regarded as an effective means of growth. them hostile to each other.
E) The collapse of international trade due to D) The imperial expansion of the European
the current global crisis has made industrialized countries gained much
development economists sceptical about momentum after the 1870s as they were in
regarding trade as an engine of growth. search of markets, goods, and influence
and, consequently, acted most
41. Tür olarak varlığımızı sürdürmemiz toprağa aggressively against each other.
bağlıdır; ancak erozyon ve kimyasal kirlilik, E) Search by the European industrialized
bu yaşamsal kaynağı tüm dünyada tehdit countries in the 1870s for markets, goods,
etmektedir. and influence led to imperial expansion
and brought them into serious hostilities.
A) Erosion and chemical pollution throughout
the world threaten our survival as a
species, which depends on soil as a vital
resource.
B) Soil is indispensable for our survival, and
yet this resource of vital importance is
threatened by erosion and chemical
pollution worldwide.
C) For our survival as a species, we
especially depend on soil, and yet this
important resource is threatened worldwide
by erosion and chemical pollution.
D) Our survival as a species depends on soil,
and yet erosion and chemical pollution
threaten this vital resource throughout the
world.
E) Throughout the world, erosion and
chemical pollution threaten soil, which, as
a vital resource, is indispensable for our
survival.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. It can be inferred from the passage that the
cevaplayınız. local government in Agrigento, Sicily, does
not want new houses to be built near the
archaeological park because ----.
Each year in the touristic town of Agrigento, Sicily,
hundreds of illegally-built houses are bulldozed by
the local government. New construction in A) the local government wants to use the land
Agrigento, home to many ancient temples which to build houses for its officials
tourists come to see, has been banned since 1968. B) the local government cannot collect taxes
In spite of this, hundreds of new and half-built from the owners of these houses as they
houses can be seen in the hills surrounding the are built on public land
archaeological park. Not only do these buildings C) there is no water, sewage or garbage
spoil the landscape, but many are also unsafe and service available near the temples
unsanitary. Some of the people living in these D) new houses spoil the landscape around
buildings pour sewage into the sea and pile garbage the ancient temples
on roadsides since their houses are illegal and they E) the local government is planning to build
aren’t allowed to use the city sewage system and several new hotels for tourists on the land
garbage service. Several of these houses are also
built on dangerous cliffs, sites that would never be
allowed by Italy’s strict building codes. 46. This passage is mainly concerned with ----.

A) the illegal construction of a new

43. It is made clear in the passage that pouring archaeological park in Agrigento, Sicily
sewage into the sea and piling garbage on B) the beautiful ancient temples found in
roadsides are examples of ----. Agrigento, Sicily
C) the pollution of the archaeological park in
Agrigento, Sicily, which began in 1968
A) the reason these houses are built in the
D) the reasons why illegal construction is still
hills
continuing in Agrigento, Sicily
B) compliance with Italy’s strict building codes
E) the problem of illegally-built houses in
C) why the illegally-built houses in Agrigento
Agrigento, Sicily
are unsanitary
D) the beautification of Agrigento’s
archaeological park
E) a protest against the Italian government

44. According to the passage, the building

prohibition in Agrigento, Sicily, ----.

A) has meant that no new houses have been

built there since 1968
B) has not put a stop to the building of new
houses
C) has meant that there are no houses on the
surrounding hills
D) has caused the destruction of many
ancient temples
E) has led to the strict control of new
construction

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. It is clear from the passage that the mice
cevaplayınız. native to the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone ----.

During our visit in the summer of 1994 to the A) had suffered extensive chromosomal
Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, a region within a 30 km damage
radius of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, we B) were found to have very high radiation
were amazed by the diversity of mammals living in levels in their bodies
the shadow of the ruined reactor only eight years C) were not affected by the radiation as much
after the meltdown. During our excursion through as the mice which had been brought in
the woods, we trapped some of the local mice for from outside the Exclusion Zone
examination in a makeshift laboratory. We were D) were not put in cages by the scientists
surprised to find that, although each mouse studying them
registered unprecedented levels of radiation in its E) showed less genetic diversity than mice
bones and muscles, all the animals seemed from other areas
physically normal, and many of the females were
carrying normal-looking embryos. We found that the
mice did not have any obvious chromosomal 49. According to the passage, the lack of
damage. We wondered whether the absence of subsequent chromosomal damage in mice
injury could be explained by some sort of adaptive brought into the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone
change, perhaps a more efficient DNA repair from radiation-free areas proves that ----.
mechanism, after many prior generations had been
exposed to radiation. But when we transplanted wild
mice from uncontaminated regions into cages in the A) mammals can suffer the effects of radiation
Exclusion Zone and then examined their and still carry a normal embryo
chromosomes, they were likewise unaffected by the B) the radiation found in the mice native to the
radiation. In at least this respect, the mice seemed Exclusion Zone had compounded with
to have a natural “immunity” to harm from radiation. each new generation
C) the mice native to the Exclusion Zone had,
actually, not developed their immunity to
radiation after the explosion occurred
47. We see from the passage that the scientists D) unprecedented levels of radiation in an
who visited the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone animal’s tissues always signal extensive
in 1994 concluded that ----. chromosomal damage
E) trapping animals is a difficult task, best left
to hunters native to the area
A) all mice appear to have inborn protection
against the harmful effects of radiation
B) only the mice born in the Exclusion Zone 50. We understand from the passage that, on
were immune to the chromosomal damage their visit to the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone,
caused by high levels of radiation the scientists ----.
C) mice certainly have better-developed DNA-
repair mechanisms than other animals
D) the meltdown of the nuclear reactor at A) did not expect to find animals that were
Chernobyl caused greater than usual physically normal
diversity among the mammals living nearby B) themselves began to suffer from exposure
E) their makeshift laboratory did not produce to high levels of radiation
valid results for their experiments with the C) mainly wanted to observe the effects of the
mice reactor’s meltdown on the surrounding
plant life
D) transported mice from the Exclusion Zone
to an uncontaminated area to see if their
radiation levels would decrease
E) were surprised to find that animals in the
Exclusion Zone did not look the same as
animals from outside the Exclusion Zone

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. The point has been made in the passage
cevaplayınız. that the American people ----.

A) have always been remarkably hospitable to

The assumption that a person’s attitudes determine
Asians visiting America
his or her behaviour is deeply ingrained in Western
B) in the 1930s really did dislike Asians
thinking, and in many instances the assumption
C) have waged war against racial
holds. However, research has shown that the
discrimination since the 1930s
relationship between attitudes and behaviour is
D) and the Asians have always discriminated
complex. A classic study conducted during the
against each other
1930s was the first to question the link. A white
E) always do their best to provide comfort for
professor travelled across the US with a young
their guests, no matter what their racial
Chinese couple. At that time, there was quite strong
background
prejudice against Asians, and there were no laws
against racial discrimination. The three travellers
54. It is clear from the passage that the replies
stopped at over 200 hotels, motels and restaurants,
the professor received from the proprietors
and were served at all the restaurants and all but
to whom he sent letters ----.
one of the hotels and motels without problem. Later,
a letter was sent to all of the establishments visited,
A) revealed a strong attitude of racial
asking them whether or not they would accept a
discrimination against the Chinese
Chinese couple as guests. Of the 128 replies
B) could not be regarded as an indication of
received, 92 per cent said they would not. In other
prevalent racism in the US
words, these proprietors expressed attitudes that
C) were not concerned with the
were much more prejudiced than their behaviour.
interrelationship between one’s attitudes
and behaviour
51. One understands from the passage that the
D) were confined only to a very small part of
link between attitudes and behaviour ----.
the US
E) clearly showed why one’s attitudes
A) had already been established before the
determine one’s behaviour
1930s
B) has always been a major topic of
psychological research
C) has aroused a great deal of controversy in
the US
D) is an area which has been neglected and,
indeed, deserves fresh study
E) is not so definite as has been generally
assumed

52. As one concludes from the passage, racial

discrimination ----.

A) is the way whereby the relationship

between attitudes and behaviour can best
be assessed
B) has always been a major issue in the US
and cannot be eradicated
C) was a problem of the 1930s in the US, but
has now disappeared altogether
D) in the US and the rest of the world can be
fought most effectively through legislation
E) was not practised by a great majority of the
proprietors visited by the professor and his
Chinese companions

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 56. It is clear from the passage that, for
cevaplayınız. Mayberg, ----.

A) in a state of depression, the subgenual

Treating depression could change significantly
cingulate in the brain is affected
following the results of a small Canadian clinical trial
B) the results of the clinical trial have aroused
that ended in 2005. The procedure used in the study
much controversy in the medical world
freed several patients from heavy depression that
C) the experiment carried out on four patients
had resisted medication, talk therapy and even
has already transformed the treatment of
electroconvulsive (shock) treatment. Study co-
depression
author Helen S. Mayberg cautions that any trial so
D) Lozano’s work involves a very complicated
small – just six patients – must be considered
process and needs to be further improved
provisional. Yet four of the six subjects felt dramatic
E) the University of Toronto neurosurgeons,
and lasting effects. University of Toronto
like Lozano, have always contributed
neurosurgeon Andres Lozano implanted battery-
significantly to the search for effective
powered, pacemakerlike devices underneath a
methods of treatment in cases of
patient’s clavicle, then ran flexible, hair-thin
depression
electrodes to the subgenual cingulate, a well-buried
cortical area that Mayberg had previously found
57. We learn from the passage that a patient
active in depressive or sad states. The electrodes
with a score in the high 20s on the Hamilton
delivered pulses of four volts, 130 times a second.
Depression Rating Scale ----.
Mayberg hypothesized that in badly depressed
patients the subgenual cingulated acts like a switch
A) can easily be treated through medication or
left open, allowing depressive circuits to fire more
talk therapy
than is necessary. Her results suggest that the
B) is rated as the most serious case of
regular stimulation might moderate that activity. In
depression
2005, after a year of living with the continuous
C) experiences negligible activity in the
impulses, the four patients had lowered their scores
subgenual cingulate
on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale from the
D) is not considered suitable for the new
soul-deadening high 20s to between one and eight
clinical trial
– quite healthy.
E) usually resists medication and, hence,
becomes a hopeless case
55. As one understands from the passage, with
their clinical trial, Mayberg and her
58. One can see from the passage that the
colleagues ----.
clinical trial undertaken by the Mayberg
team ----.
A) have concluded that stimulation of the
subgenual cingulate has no effect on
A) is only experimental and needs to be
depressed patients
further tested
B) have conclusively established that
B) has completely revealed the secrets of the
depressed patients can best be treated
subgenual cingulate
through the use of pacemakerlike devices
C) has so far received minimal attention in
C) have demonstrated that electroconvulsive
Canada
treatment of depressed patients is still the
D) did not produce positive results for the
most effective method
subjects of the trial
D) have shown that the Hamilton Depression
E) has been going on for over a decade,
Rating Scale needs to be re-arranged
producing its positive results only recently
E) seem to have made a promising
breakthrough in the therapy of depression

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. It can be understood from the passage that,
cevaplayınız. in the early 1900s, people feared mental
hospitals and mental patients due to ----.

Despite various scientific advances, in the early

1900s the public still did not understand mental A) their lack of education about mental health
illness and viewed mental hospitals and their B) the torture and chains that were still in
inmates with fear and horror. Clifford Beers constant use to cure mental illness
undertook the task of educating the public about C) the book Clifford Beers had written about
mental health. As a young man, Beers developed a his experiences in mental hospitals
bipolar disorder and was confined for 3 years in D) the work of the National Committee for
several private and state hospitals. Although chains Mental Hygiene
and other methods of torture had been abandoned E) the inmates who had escaped from the
long before, the straitjacket was still widely used to hospitals
restrain excited patients. Lack of funds made the
average state mental hospital – with its
overcrowded wards, poor food, and unsympathetic 61. It is pointed out in the passage that the part
attendants – a far from pleasant place to live. After played by the mental hygiene movement in
his recovery, Beers wrote about his experiences in founding centres for child guidance and
the now-famous book A Mind That Found Itself mental health was ----.
(1908), which aroused considerable public interest.
Beers worked ceaselessly to educate the public
about mental illness and helped to organize the A) unwanted
National Committee for Mental Hygiene. In 1950, B) minimal
this organization joined with two related groups to C) not at all helpful
form the National Association for Mental Health. The D) extremely important
mental hygiene movement played an invaluable role E) short-lived
in stimulating the organization of child-guidance
clinics and community mental health centres to aid
in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. 62. It can be inferred from the passage that
Beers’ desire to educate people about
mental health resulted from ----.

59. According to the passage, Clifford Beers’

book, A Mind That Found Itself, ----. A) the improvements he saw taking place in
mental hospitals
B) his three-year confinement in mental
A) became popular when it was published, but hospitals
is not popular anymore C) his having been chained for long periods of
B) concentrates on the better aspects of life in time
a mental hospital D) his reading of the book A Mind That Found
C) did not gain much popularity among the Itself
public E) various scientific advances
D) did little to inform the public about what
went on inside mental hospitals
E) made people more interested in mental
health than they had previously been

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Steve :- How are things going with you
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi and your roommate?
bulunuz. Bob :- ----
Steve :- Then, why don’t you tell him that
he should pay you for half of what you spend
63. Doctor :- Now that you are receiving
on food?
chemotherapy, I must warn you against
Bob :- I would find that a bit hard to do,
opportunistic infections.
considering how he treats me to a good meal in
Patient :- What exactly are you talking
a restaurant every weekend.
about?
Doctor :- ----
A) He’s such a snob! He wasn’t like that
Patient :- So that probably means bacteria
before he got that new job.
that are usually harmless can overwhelm my
B) Actually, I dislike the food he prepares, so I
body and cause disease.
generally eat out.
C) We get along well, except for the times he
A) Well, you know chemotherapy weakens
practices playing the guitar and singing off-
your immune system.
key.
B) Perhaps you should bring me your vaccine
D) We’re supposed to share the grocery
report, so that we can check what diseases
shopping, but he ends up eating everything
you are immune to.
I have put in the fridge without buying any
C) Well, I think it would be best if you avoided
of it himself.
close contact with people who have even
E) I’ve got sick and tired of his nagging me all
the common cold.
the time. If he refuses to mend his ways, I’ll
D) Once your chemotherapy is over, we’ll
ask him to move out.
have to check your body functions and
infection resistance again.
66. Alice :- Why does tuberculosis have a
E) Well, there are infections that affect people
higher incidence among the poor?
of a certain age group.
Glenn :- ----
Alice :- Could you give an example?
64. Joanne :- Hi, Tom! You look worried.
Glenn :- Well, the fact that many poor
What’s on your mind?
people don’t have access to adequate health
Tom :- I really need that job I’ve
care, and that they live in very crowded
interviewed for, but I just found out that there
conditions.
are many younger applicants. I guess my
chances are pretty slim now.
A) There’s only one reason that I know of.
Joanne :- I wouldn’t say that! You are
B) I don’t think it does, really.
older but highly qualified and experienced. I am
C) There are many reasons.
sure you will get it!
D) I wish it didn’t, actually.
Tom :- But I still think that any younger
E) No one really knows the answer to that.
applicant has an advantage over me.
Joanne :- ----

A) Those young guys may only be trying to

get their foot in the door so they can move
on to better positions later. Most employers
know this.
B) Anyway, face facts:- you are eligible for
retirement, and that field has moved on
without you.
C) You’re right! One of the most difficult things
an older jobseeker has to deal with is the
younger competition.
D) Having retirement income, you should start
out at an entry-level salary, which should
be satisfying for you.
E) Just use your common sense. Have you
ever seen anyone over 40 doing that job?
There’s a reason for that.

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67. Patricia :- I’m a bit worried about going 69. Many people prefer food that is free from
abroad to work. artificial substances as these can be a
Matthew :- Why? Isn’t that something you threat to health.
have always wanted to do?
Patricia :- ---- A) It seems that the artificial substances in our
Matthew :- Don’t worry so much about that. food are responsible for a great deal of our
You’ll get used to new customs and traditions in ill health.
no time. B) Since artificial substances may be
detrimental to health a lot of people are
A) In fact, I’m worried that I may not be able to avoiding foods that contain them.
stay in touch with my friends here. C) Food that is free of artificial substances
B) Not really, because it was my manager’s that are detrimental to a person's health
idea to send me. should be preferred.
C) Yes, and I’m worried that I may not be able D) Many people show a preference for foods
to live on so little money. that are free of artificial substances though
D) No, because I have already read a lot they are not of the harmful type.
about the customs and traditions of the E) Foods that contain artificial substances
people there. should be avoided as they are the cause of
E) Actually it is. But I’m worried that it will be many health problems.
difficult for me to adapt to the culture there.
70. Hardly a day goes without someone coming
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en in to complain about the unreliability of the
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. ferry service because it runs so erratically.

68. He should face the fact that he'll never be as A) There is always someone here criticising
great a pianist as his father . the ferry service because it runs so
erratically.
A) The father is a wonderful pianist, but the B) The unreliability of the ferry service is one
son shows even more promise. reason why so many people come in every
B) The father is a great pianist, and the son is day to complain.
hoping to be at least his equal. C) Most of the complaints we hear, day after
C) I don't think he'll ever admit that his father day, about the ferry service relate to its
is the greater pianist I but he ought to. unreliability.
D) As a pianist, he's just not the equal of his D) Someone comes in just about everyday to
father and never will be, so he'd do well to express their dissatisfaction with the ferry
accept the fact. service because it is so undependable.
E) The son seems set to surpass his father as E) Again and again, these people have been
a pianist; he even admits the fact. criticising the ferry service because it's
badly run.

71. “The Rocket” incorporated the principal

features that dominated locomotive design
from that time onwards.

A) Later locomotive design did not differ

noticeably from that of “the Rocket”.
B) Many of the main features of “the Rocket”
were to reappear in later locomotive
design.
C) The main features affecting all future
locomotive design were present in “the
Rocket”.
D) Later locomotive design was in certain
essentials not dissimilar from that of “the
Rocket”.
E) As regards the principal features of its
design, “the Rocket” was not dissimilar
from later locomotives.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 74. People have lived on Earth for two million
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek years. For most of that time, the population
cümleyi bulunuz. has remained small, as the number of births
has more or less equalled the number of
deaths. Improved medicine and health care,
72. If the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh
better sanitation, improved farming
were an independent country, it would be
methods, producing more and better food,
the fifth most populous in the world. It
and less physical work have all led to fewer
already has a dynastic political family in the
infant deaths and more people living longer.
Ghandis, who have been based in Uttar
---- Today the world’s population is nearly 7
Pradesh and have been in political power for
billion, and is rising at the rate of about one
four generations. So, recent local elections
million a week.
in this state of 200 million were carefully
watched as a measure of the political
A) The population is concentrated on areas
changes happening in India. ---- This time,
where the climate is suitable for farming
regional parties dominated the state’s
methods.
politics.
B) Poverty drives many people to flee their
country in search of better life elsewhere.
A) The state parliament in Uttar Pradesh has
C) This has caused a huge increase in
403 seats to be contested among the
population over the last 150 years.
Ghandis and other candidates.
D) Immigration and travel do not seem to
B) The results were disastrous for the Ghandi
have a relevant impact on this change.
family and for India’s central party.
E) The world’s population is not equally
C) Gandhi was never present in the campaign
distributed around the world.
trail throughout the election period.
75. Literature, whether sacred or secular, is the
D) Before the elections, Rahul Gandhi was
result of individual and collective genius.
widely predicted to be the next president of
Shakespeare was a‘dramatic God’, a maker
India.
of worlds, but he could not be detached
E) The state of Uttar Pradesh with its 200
from the English culture that had formed
million people needed Gandhi’s leadership
him and which he then helped to form.
for the next elections.
Imitating the literary models of other
countries does not contribute to the
73. A virus is an infectious organism that is
formation of a national literature. ---- Johann
much smaller than a fungus or bacterium,
Wolfgang Goethe was the man who was
and it needs a living cell in order to
capable of that task.
reproduce. The virus attaches to a cell,
often a specific type of cell. Once inside the
A) The conflict between the literature of the
cell, the virus releases its DNA or RNA,
old and that of the young, it seems, will
which contains the information needed to
exist for more than another one hundred
create new virus particles, and takes control
years.
of some aspects of the cell’s metabolism. ---
B) Cervantes, Balzac, and even Dostoyevsky,
-
rather than national, were universal writers
who attracted many people throughout the
A) The body has a number of specific and
world.
nonspecific defences against these viruses
C) Germany, in order to develop a national
of animal origin.
literature, had to identify and draw on its
B) Bacteria-caused diseases, however, are
own resources.
treatable through simple antibiotics.
D) The race between the English and the
C) The components of the virus are then
German for the formation of the best
manufactured inside the cell.
civilization was also felt in literature.
D) The most common viral infections are
E) The printing press naturally accelerated the
probably those of the lungs and airways.
proliferation of the national literature in
E) Vaccines resembling the virus can be
Germany
given to people to help them overcome the
infection.

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76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 79. (I) The Global Fund to Fight AIDS,
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü Tuberculosis, and Malaria in Geneva channels
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. money donated by affluent governments,
including the UK and the US, to poor nations.
(II) But in Uganda, in 2005, it all went wrong.
76. (I) Moving slowly helps the pygmy three-toed
(III) The money that most African governments
sloth escape the notice of predators. (II) The
set aside for buying and distributing medicines
sloth can move quickly when threatened, but
is too little. (IV) The Fund suspended all its
generally expends no more energy than is
grants to the country for two-and-a-half months
necessary to hang around all day eating leaves.
after discovering that money was being stolen
(III) Confined to one remote island that
by officials in the Ministry of Health. (V) Future
separated from Panama long ago, this smaller
grants were made conditional on annual audit
cousin of mainland sloths has managed to
reports being produced by the government,
survive quietly so far, but any disruption to its
which took three years to emerge.
habitat could have huge consequences. (IV)
Algae that sometimes coats its fur adds another
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
level of camouflage. (V) Nearby development
could well be the end of it.
80. (I) While it lights our day and provides energy
for life, sunlight can also be harmful to humans.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
(II) Particles flowing from the Sun can disrupt
our planet’s magnetic field, and these
77. (I) The magnificent Philippine eagle is one of
disruptions can interfere with electronic
the planet’s most endangered birds of prey. (II)
communications. (III) Human skin is sensitive to
There is no competition for prey from tigers,
ultraviolet light emitted from the Sun.(IV)
leopards, bears, or wolves in the Philippine
Earth’s atmosphere blocks much of the harmful
islands, the eagle’s only home, so it became
light, but sunlight is still strong enough to burn
the top predator in the rain forest. (III) However,
skin under some conditions, a major risk factor
with deforestation rates in the Philippines
in the development of skin cancers. (V) Sunlight
among the highest in the world, the eagle has
is also very harmful to our eyes, which can be
been reduced to a population estimated at
damaged through a direct gaze at the Sun.
several hundred breeding pairs. (IV) The forest
that allowed them to prosper is almost gone,
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
and if the forest disappears, the eagle will
become extinct. (V) A series of devastating
floods and mud slides in the past decade has
convinced Filipinos that the loss of forest
affects not just wildlife, but people too.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) The name Daphne comes from the Greek,

“laurel baytree”, which is a small evergreen tree
with shiny leaves.(II) In Greek mythology,
Daphne is the goddess of music and poetry.
(III) According to the legend, she was
approached by Apollo, but she refused to
respond to his love. (IV) As she fled from his
embrace, she was saved by the earth
goddesses who transformed her into a tree.(V)
Therefore, the name has been common only in
this century.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 46 6. Some historians believe that human destiny

is mostly shaped by the efforts of people to
---- climate change, migration, disease, etc.
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) cope with
B) hand in
1. In order to study the past it is not always ---- C) go over
to know precisely how long ago in years a D) make up
particular period or event occurred. E) lay down

A) recurrent 7. Infertility is a problem that ---- more and

B) annual more couples than ever before, as people ---
C) capable - longer to have children.
D) absolute
E) essential A) had affected / could wait
B) was affecting / waited
2. His efforts to ---- the threat of global C) has affected / will wait
warming with new forms of energy have D) is affecting / wait
been much appreciated. E) will be affecting / were waiting

A) excuse 8. People in England ---- books about Turkey

B) counter since the 15th century, but unfortunately an
C) pursue increase in quantity ---- by an increase in
D) uphold quality.
E) deliver
A) had been writing / does not match
3. Traditional views of foreign policy depend -- B) are writing / will not be matched
-- on assumptions about the relations C) had written / are not matching
between states. D) have been writing / has not been matched
E) wrote / had not been matched
A) constructively
B) respectively 9. The interviewer ---- during her interview with
C) heavily the retired politician that he still ---- the
D) locally dynamic presence that had once inspired
E) consecutively the entire country.

4. The pay ---- between men and women in A) was realizing / had
Britain is still an outrageous situation in B) will realize / would have
2010 and makes us ask: “Is it ever right for C) realizes / is having
men to be paid more than women?” D) has realized / will have
E) realized / had
A) amount
B) gap 10. If a new environmental or safety rule ---- in
C) right the auto industry, executives warn that the
D) rate company---- money.
E) policy
A) were to be proposed / had lost
5. Without proper financing, big construction B) had been proposed / would have lost
projects can ---- short before the completion C) will be proposed / is going to lose
date. D) were proposed / should lose
E) is proposed / will lose
A) look after
B) pass away
C) hold up
D) come up
E) break down

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11. The number of frauds in the US ---- the 16. Advances ---- science and technology make
criminal uses someone else’s credit card life easier, but, on the other hand, bring
number doubled to 162, 000 cases in 2002. some responsibilities which go along ----
them.
A) in which
B) by whom A) through / over
C) of which B) about / for
D) which C) by / of
E) with whom D) at / up
E) in / with
12. ---- winemaking in France dates back to pre-
Roman times it was the Romans who spread
the practice.

A) Although
B) Until
C) If
D) Whether
E) In that

13. Contrary to perceptions outside Canada, the

majority of Canadians are descended from
the English, the Scots, and the Irish ---- from
the French.

A) rather than
B) more than
C) such as
D) and so
E) also

14. A corporation‘s formulation of its

international strategy will greatly determine
---- it will benefit more from protectionism or
from some other means for countering
international competition.

A) so
B) as
C) unless
D) whether
E) whereby

15. In feudal Japan, the za were any ---- the

mercantile or craft associations that
flourished ---- 1100 and 1590.

A) in / up to
B) at / through
C) of / between
D) over / before
E) under / from

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

The design and construction of foundations are According to a recent report, public libraries in
largely controlled by the contours or falls of the site Britain will be redundant by 2020 if current trends
and the type of subsoil. Site falls (17) ---- 1 in 20 continue. It is apparently the falling price of books
usually require special methods of foundation that (22) ---- libraries into a decline. The libraries
construction. Gravel or chalk are good subsoils (18) themselves have fought valiantly to reverse the (23)
---- they do not hold moisture, and (19) ---- heavy ----. They now offer DVDs and computers with
loads. They are, (20) ----, economical and do not internet (24) ----. But these, too, are increasingly
vary in bulk with the vagaries of the weather and affordable and (25) ---- available at home. (26) ----
temperature. Most rocks are eminently (21) ---- but libraries, it may indeed be the final chapter.
usually expensive to work.
22.
17. A) had sent
A) replacing B) would send
B) completing C) has sent
C) exceeding D) sent
D) reducing E) was sending
E) surviving
23.
18. A) occasion
A) just B) effort
B) or C) experience
C) unless D) situation
D) since E) delivery
E) besides
24.
19. A) exit
A) can support B) entrance
B) have supported C) access
C) would support D) admission
D) supported E) exposure
E) could support
25.
20. A) however
A) on the other hand B) therefore
B) moreover C) nevertheless
C) in contrast D) yet
D) occasionally E) while
E) regrettably

21. 26.
A) incapable A) Against
B) comparable B) At
C) suitable C) To
D) disruptive D) With
E) conditional E) For

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 30. They did not know that they had been
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. successful ----.

A) even though many claimed the project a

27. Genetic information is encoded and
failure
transmitted from generation to generation in
B) until they returned and calculated the
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ----.
measurements
C) so they decided to celebrate the event
A) but this process contributed to the great
D) because linguistic diversity is a cultural
variation of traits that we see in nature
resource to be preserved
B) which is a coiled molecule organized into
E) but various aspects of the question have
structures called chromosomes
already been answered
C) now that members of the same species
inherited different forms of a gene
31. Some politicians were asked to describe the
D) whereas some of these theories remained
emotions their own demise would arouse
in favour for several decades
and what would happen after they died, ----.
E) whose offspring receive a mixture of genetic
information from both parents
A) therefore all groups gave highly favourable
opinions on the measures that were taken
28. ----, make sure the emergency-room doctor
by the government
orders an MRI to rule out a brain attack.
B) while others were given the rather less
difficult task of answering questions about
A) Believing that requesting an MRI without the
their TV viewing habits
authorization of the insurance company will
C) when the study showed a politician can be a
be disallowed
charismatic leader advocating home
B) After you are discharged from the
security measures
Department ofNeurology with a certificate of
D) whereas a politician usually faced an uphill
perfect health
battle to win the approval of voters in an
C) Despite the fact that some young stroke
impending election
victims have certainly been sent home from
E) even if you could imagine an unscrupulous
the emergency room without treatment
politician having a quiet word in the ear of
D) Since 15% of stroke patients have
an intelligence officer
apparently been discharged with wrong
diagnoses
32. Just as nobody could have predicted the
E) If you experience dizziness, sudden
impact of the steam engine in 1750, ----.
numbness, a severe headache, or trouble
speaking or seeing while at the hospital
A) 3D printers were used for photocopying for
many years
29. Advocates for reform of the country's
B) 3D technology is likely to disrupt every field
political system are now trying to pressurize
it touches
the government for change, ----.
C) it is unclear whether 3D printing requires
additional material and effort
A) despite the strong likelihood that they will be
D) technological change is profound enough to
unsuccessful again
reset the economics of 3D printing
B) because they have been encouraged by
E) it is impossible to foresee the long-term
recent reports of low crime levels in cities
influence of3D printing
C) although they are fully aware that a
dictatorship would be worse than a
33. Once we have acknowledged the painful
democracy
memories of the past, ----.
D) in spite of the possibility that other parties
may join them
A) trying to remember the distant past can be
E) while their opponents are trying to
difficult
undermine their credibility to govern the
B) we can begin to come to terms with them
country
C) you can start by trying to remember them
D) remind yourself of the choices you have
made
E) remembering them makes you feel
hopeless

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34. As investigators learn more about what is 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
happening in the brain during the exact anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
moment of insight, ----. cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz.
A) physicians are placing their hopes on stem
cells, which have reversed some symptoms
37. New research has revealed why the efforts
in monkeys
to create an effective vaccine for malaria
B) one aspect of mental imagery has been
have so far failed.
more or less neglected
C) the primary visual cortex seemed to be
A) Sıtma için etkili bir aşının neden
activated during the process of imagination
bulunamadığı konusundaki yeni
D) people are able to attribute new meanings
araştırmalar bugüne kadar sonuç
to objects in their inner eye
vermemiştir.
E) all of us want to know what we can do to
B) Yeni araştırmalar, sıtma için etkili bir aşı
maximize the conditions that allow us to
bulunması çabalarının neden bugüne
have brilliant thoughts
kadar başarısız olduğunu ortaya
koymuştur.
35. ---- that large amounts of Greenland’s
C) Sıtma için etkili bir aşının bulunması
melted fresh water could dilute the salinated
amacıyla yeni araştırmalar yapılması için
water of the Gulf Stream.
bugüne kadar yeterli çaba gösterilmemiştir.
D) Bugüne kadarki araştırmalar, sıtma için
A) With regard to the new data, it has been
yeni bir aşı bulunmasına yönelik çabaların
questioned
etkili olmadığını ortaya koymuştur.
B) A team of ecologists from Norway have
E) Sıtma için bugüne kadar neden etkili bir aşı
wondered
bulunmadığını ortaya koymak için yeni
C) An increasing number of scientists from
araştırmalar yapılıyor.
around the world believe
D) In view of new evidence, one is puzzled
38. Personality can be defined as characteristic
E) Despite a great deal of reliable evidence,
patterns of thought, emotion and behaviour
most environmentalists will not be certain
that define an individual’s personal style of
interacting with the physical and social
36. ----, but let’s not forget where we live now –
environment.
that is, our own planet.

A) Bir bireyin kişiliğini, fiziki ve sosyal çevreyle

A) We have almost completely focused on
kişisel etkileşim tarzından çok, tipik
space exploration
düşünce, duygu ve davranış kalıpları
B) As scientists, we are able to monitor and
belirler.
predict environmental threats
B) Kişilik, bir bireyin fiziki ve sosyal çevreyle
C) Satellite images help researchers track
kişisel etkileşim tarzını belirleyen, tipik
hurricanes and glacial melting
düşünce, duygu ve davranış kalıpları
D) Scientists pose intricate questions about the
olarak tanımlanabilir.
land, sky and oceans
C) Bir bireyin tipik düşünce, duygu ve
E) Scientists make precise predictions about
davranış kalıpları, onun, fiziki ve sosyal
climatic changes
çevreyle kendine özgü etkileşim tarzını
belirleyerek kişiliğini oluşturur.
D) Kişiliği belirleyen en önemli kalıplar, bireyin
fiziki ve sosyal çevreyle etkileşimindeki
kişisel tarzını tanımlayan belli başlı
düşünce, duygu ve davranışlardır.
E) Bir bireyin kişiliği, o bireyin ayırt edici
düşünce, duygu ve davranış kalıplarının
yanı sıra, fiziki ve sosyal çevreyle kişisel
etkileşimi olarak tanımlanabilir.

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39. The trial of the suspectfor an alleged $7 41. Gladyatör dövüşleri ilk kez Roma‘da, M.Ö.
billion embezzlement was put on hold, 264 yılında, Junius Brutus‘un oğulları
following the psychiatric report that he was tarafından babalarının anısına
psychologically unfit for the hearing. düzenlenmiştir.

A) 7 milyar dolar civarında parayı güya A) Gladiator fights were first organized in
zimmetine geçiren şüphelinin yargılanması, Rome in the year 264 B.C. by the sons of
duruşma için hazır olamayacağını bildiren Junius Brutus in memory of their father.
psikiyatri raporunun verilmesiyle ertelendi. B) The gladiator fights, which were held in
B) Psikolojik olarak duruşmaya hazır olmadığı Rome in 264 B.C. for the first time, were
psikiyatri raporuyla iddia edilen şüphelinin organized by the sons of Junius Brutus as
7 milyar dolarlık zimmet davası ertelendi. they wanted to commemorate their father.
C) 7 milyar doları zimmetine geçirmesini C) The sons of Junius Brutus, who organized
takiben duruşma için psikolojik olarak hazır gladiator fights in Rome in the year 264
olmadığı psikiyatri raporuyla belirlenen B.C. for the first time, did so in memory of
şüphelinin duruşması süresiz olarak their father.
ertelendi. D) Gladiator fights date back to 264 B.C.,
D) 7 milyar dolarlık zimmet davasının when the sons of Junius Brutus first
ertelenmesinin ardından şüphelinin organized a ritual of sacrifice in Rome in
duruşma için psikolojik olarak hazır memory of their father.
olmadığı raporu da verildi. E) The origin of gladiator fights goes back to
E) 7 milyar doları zimmetine geçirdiği iddia 264 B.C., when the sons of Junius Brutus
edilen şüphelinin yargılanması, duruşma wished to honour the memory of their
için psikolojik olarak hazır olmadığını father in this way in Rome.
gösteren psikiyatri raporunun ardından,
ertelendi. 42. Sürücüsüz metroları, kişi başına düşen
25.200 dolarlık millî geliri ve tıkır tıkır işleyen
40. İki galaksinin çarpışması, evrenin kütlesine ticaret merkezleri ile Singapur, Asya‘nın en
hükmettiği sanılan görünmez kara maddenin Batılılaşmış şehirleri arasındadır.
bugüne kadar elde edilen en iyi kanıtını
sağlar. A) With its driverless subways, $25,200 per
capita income and smoothly running
A) Following the collision of two galaxies, business centres, Singapore is among the
there appears the best evidence so far most westernized cities in Asia.
known of the invisible dark matter which is B) One of the most westernized cities in Asia
believed to pervade the mass of the is Singapore, for it has driverless subways,
universe. $25,200 per capita income and smoothly
B) The collision of two galaxies provides the running business centres
best evidence yet obtained of the invisible C) It is because of the driverless subways,
dark matter assumed to dominate the $25,200 per capita income and smoothly
mass of the universe. running business centres that Singapore is
C) The only evidence so far of the invisible one of the most westernized cities in Asia.
dark matter thought to penetrate the mass D) Singapore remains the most westernized
of the universe is provided by the collision city in Asia with driverless subways,
of two galaxies. $25,200 per capita income and smoothly
D) It is from the collision of two galaxies that running business centres.
the best evidence yet of the invisible dark E) The reason why Singapore is regarded as
matter which is assumed to hold together one of the most westernized cities in Asia
the mass of the universe has been is that it has driverless subways, $25,200
obtained. per capita income and smoothly running
E) The invisible dark matter which is thought business centres.
to dominate the mass of the universe is
best understood through the evidence
provided by the collision of two galaxies.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. The passage points out that the best
cevaplayınız. conditions for diversity of bacteria species
----.

Despite bacteria’s presence in all parts of the

planet, their diversity in the world’s soils is poorly A) so far seem to exist in soil having a neutral
understood. To better understand what makes the pH
organisms thrive, Duke University researchers B) were found in the Peruvian Amazon region
trekked far and wide to collect a few centimetres of C) have not yet been discovered
dirt as samples from 98 locations across North and D) have now been fully researched
South America, then analyzed each sample for E) are found in a few centimetres of dirt
genetic variation. To their surprise, the strongest
predictor of high diversity was neutral pH. The acidic
soil of the Peruvian Amazon, for example, 46. It is clear from the passage that the
harboured far fewer bacterial species than did the researchers from Duke University ----.
neutral dirt of the arid American Southwest. “There
are a lot of variables that didn’t turn out to be very
important,” says the researcher Robert Jackson, A) do not plan to do any more research into
who adds that a more complete search for different bacterial diversity
habitats might turn up other stimulators of diversity, B) were more interested in the American
such as carbon abundance. Southwest than in the Amazon basin
C) have largely focused on the types of
bacteria found in acidic soil
D) have carried out their fieldwork to throw
light upon the causes of bacterial diversity
E) had difficulty in trekking during their search
43. According to the passage, scientists were
surprised that ----.

A) they had to trek to so many different areas

to conduct their research into bacterial
species diversity
B) carbon abundance was revealed to be the
most important predictor of diversity of
bacterial species
C) bacteria is present in all parts of the planet
D) the arid American Southwest is home to
many more species of bacteria than the
lush Peruvian Amazon
E) they would have to perform more complete
research in the future

44. It is understood from the passage that

further research must be carried out ----.

A) because the previous research was not

conducted properly
B) in order to find other indicators of diversity
in bacterial species
C) so that all the bacterial species of North
and South America can be identified
D) to determine exactly the genetic variations
of bacterial species
E) so that scientists can increase the diversity
of bacterial species

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. As we learn from the passage, occult
cevaplayınız. practices in our time ----.

A) are particularly widespread among people

Unlike the older forms of occultism, such as magic
who follow rational schools of thought
and astrology, organized occultism is a modern
B) have mostly focused on the mysteries of
phenomenon. Few of the various organized occult
telepathy and telekinesis
movements have existed for more than 150 years;
C) essentially stem from the occult
some were formed as a belated countermovement
movements of the past
to the Enlightenment, when people began to follow
D) are concerned with phenomena which are
rational schools of thought. Today’s occult views are
thought to be scientifically inexplicable
based on the idea that there are events within
E) seem to benefit from science in explaining
nature, as well as within one’s spiritual life, which
natural phenomena
seem mysterious and cannot be explained by
science. Examples include extrasensory
50. It is implied in the passage that magic and
perceptions such as telepathy and telekinesis, and
astrology ----.
haunted places or people. Believers maintain that
these phenomena stem from unknown powers that
A) have failed as occult practices in explaining
can often be accessed only by some people with
extrasensory perceptions
special abilities.
B) are forms of occultism which can be traced
back into the past
47. We understand from the passage that
C) lost their significance with the rise of
adherents of occultism claim that certain
rationalism during the Enlightenment
people ----.
D) did not exist as occult practices prior to the
Enlightenment
A) have extraordinary talents that allow them
E) have always been used in order to
to have contact with the unknown
communicate with unknown powers
B) practise magic and explain events by
means of astrological signs
C) were the pioneers of the anti-
Enlightenment movements in the
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
D) can tell us what places are haunted and
why
E) can teach others what extrasensory
perceptions are

48. According to the passage, some of the

organized occult movements in the past
came into being ----.

A) as a result of various magical and

astrological practices
B) since people in the past were seriously
concerned about their extrasensory
perceptions
C) because the public was not satisfied with
scientific explanations of events in nature
D) due to the assumption that many
phenomena in nature were related to
man’s spiritual life
E) in reaction to the rational thinking style that
characterized the Enlightenment

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. It is clear from the passage that Lustig’s
cevaplayınız. principal aim in conducting the study was ---
-.

Much work on aging brains has focused on their

A) to determine whether elderly people show
failings, but a new study looks at how they succeed.
the same reaction when they are faced
In a University of Michigan at Ann Arbor report on
with a difficult or an easy situation
which brain regions respond to challenging tasks,
B) to carry out her research on a group of
researchers found that aging brains function
young and elderly people associated with
differently than young brains. Cindy Lustig of Ann
the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor
Arbor used functional magnetic resonance imaging
C) to understand the difference in how young
to observe the brains of young adults (aged 18 to
and old people use their brain to deal with
30) and seniors (65 to 92) as they tackled simple
both simple and difficult tasks
and difficult mental exercises. For the easy tasks,
D) to formulate a series of mental exercises
brain activity was very similar, but tougher
suitable for her use of magnetic resonance
challenges prompted differences. The seniors
imaging
activated several frontal brain regions that the
E) to discover the causes of aging brain
young adults did not. In addition, the younger
failures
people “turned off” parts of the brain not used during
the tasks, but the elders kept those regions active.
53. It is pointed out in the passage that elderly
Lustig concludes that “older adults’ brains can
people ----.
indeed rise to the challenge, at least in some
situations, but they may do so differently”.
A) perform far better than young people in all
kinds of mental activities
B) use more of the different parts of their brain
51. According to the passage, Lustig’s study
to deal with difficult mental tasks than
shows that ----.
young people do
C) ought to be always encouraged to do
A) young and aging brains show little
mental exercises
difference in function when they are
D) should try hard to improve their mental
dealing with simple tasks
capacity and do well in challenging
B) aging brains cannot cope with a wide
situations
range of tasks, whether simple or
E) have aroused Lustig’s interest and fully
challenging
collaborated with her in her research
C) young people use their brain capacity
much more fully than elders
54. We learn from the passage that, as Lustig
D) the reasons why aging brains fail in their
discovered during her study, unlike the
activities are varied and need to be
elderly, the young adults ----.
specified
E) various mental exercises can delay the
A) used certain regions of their brain for
aging of the brain
certain tasks
B) always tended to avoid challenging
situations
C) showed no great deal of difference
between tackling easy and difficult mental
tasks
D) used all the parts of their brain in
responding to every mental task
E) were more interested in the performance of
their brain than in the causes of mental
failure

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. According to the passage, the European
cevaplayınız. court ruling of 1995 ----.

Not long ago, football was not a good example of A) created a new constitution
globalization. The labour market in international club B) resulted in a complete reorganisation of the
football was highly protected. National leagues like European football leagues
Italy’s Serie A and Spain’s La Liga imposed quotas C) restricted the number of foreign players a
on their teams, allowing them to import only a team could import
limited number of players. Some teams could have D) made mandatory the inclusion of at least
only two foreign players on the field. This two foreign players from outside the EU on
arrangement, however, began to crumble in 1995, every national team
when the European court ruled that the difference of E) made it illegal for EU teams to refuse to
treatment of nationals from other EU countries was employ foreign players simply because
anti- constitutional. This permitted players to move they were foreign
freely within the EU, and made the club teams much
more multi-national. Now it is not unusual for a
majority of the players on a successful league team 58. As is understood from the passage, in the
to be foreign nationals. past, football was not a good example of
globalization because ----.

55. It can be understood from the passage that A) there weren’t many national football clubs
the quotas imposed in the past by national playing internationally
leagues ----. B) most players didn’t want to leave their
native country
C) most teams weren’t allowed to have many
A) pushed their teams toward a more global
foreign players
approach
D) the number of clubs throughout Europe
B) allowed many foreign nationals to enter the
was limited
labour market
E) foreign players could not cross the borders
C) created a closed labour market in
to play in other countries
international club football
D) were approved by the European court
E) made the club teams quite multi-national

56. An example of football’s globalization given

in the passage is ----.

A) the large number of foreign players on

many teams today
B) the ruling by the European court in 1995
C) the quotas that many national leagues still
impose on their teams
D) that the Italian teams exchange their
players more frequently than the other
teams do
E) that the number of football teams in the EU
countries has increased since 1995

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 60. According to the passage, in order for
cevaplayınız. humans to live permanently on the moon,
----.

The entire future of human space exploration rests

on a patch of lunar ice. For the past two years A) the frigid polar areas would first need to be
NASA has focused on designing a new crew vehicle artificially heated
and launch system that could return astronauts to B) NASA needs to first prove the existence of
the moon by 2018. The agency’s ultimate goal is to water ice there
establish a permanent lunar base and use it for a C) NASA must first prepare a human mission
human mission to Mars. But the grand plan depends to Mars
on a risky prediction that NASA will find water ice in D) NASA must remove the plentiful ice
a permanently shadowed crater basin at one of the deposits at the poles
moon’s poles. Plentiful ice deposits would be an E) water must be carried there by the two
asset for lunar colonists, who could use the water orbiters, Clementine and Lunar Prospector
for life support or convert it to hydrogen and oxygen
rocket fuel. And two orbiters sent to the moon in the 61. It is pointed out in the passage that
1990s, Clementine and Lunar Prospector, found Clementine and Lunar Prospector ----.
evidence of ice in perpetually shadowed polar areas
where consistently frigid temperatures would
preserve the water carried to the moon by comet A) were used to establish a permanent lunar
and meteorite impacts. But some scientists have base
disputed Clementine’s radar data, and the B) tried to preserve the water carried to the
anomalous neutron emissions observed by Lunar moon by comet and meteorite impacts
Prospector could have been caused by atomic C) will be used as crew vehicles to transport
hydrogen in the lunar soil instead of ice. astronauts to the moon
D) returned faulty data during their exploration
of the moon’s polar regions
E) have, according to some scientists,
59. It can be understood from the passage that
discovered traces of ice in the polar areas
some scientists ----.
of the moon

A) think that human space exploration should

62. The passage makes it clear that NASA
not continue
wants to return astronauts to the moon ----.
B) want to send two orbiters to the moon,
called Clementine and Lunar Prospector
C) disagree with the evidence that seems to A) to protect it from further damage from
show the existence of water ice on the comet and meteorite impacts
moon B) for a full exploration of atomic hydrogen in
D) do not believe that comets and meteorites the lunar soil
could possibly have carried water to the C) in order to build a permanent base there
moon for space exploration
E) maintain that a human mission to Mars D) so that they can bring the ice found there
could not be successfully launched from back to Earth
the moon E) despite the fact that the lunar surface has
frigid temperatures

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Frank :- Have you ever heard about
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi what is called ‘landscape archaeology'?
bulunuz. Jane :- No, I haven’t. Can you tell me
what it is?
Frank :- ----
63. Mike :- Do you know that they are going
Jane :- So, in other words, the view
to start rationing water?
from above can yield archaeological insights on
Cindy :- Yes. I happened to hear it on
the ground.
the news this morning. They said that the
reservoir had dipped below half its capacity,
A) In fact, there are unstable areas in the
and the volume of water entering the reservoir
Middle East, where landscape archaeology
is the smallest in the last ten years.
cannot be practised.
Mike :- It’s not surprising, actually,
B) Among archaeologists, it is regarded as
because we haven’t had as much rain as usual
extremely useful for a comprehensive
this year.
description of the excavations at an
Cindy :- Well, if it could rain even a drop,
archaeological site.
my flowers would certainly come back. The soil
C) Look, according to this article, it is the kind
has been baked so hard.
of archaeology that, through the use of
Mike :- ----
satellite imagery, reveals a landscape’s
hidden archaelogical details, such as
A) From now on, the best thing to do is to
buried roads and canal systems.
water your garden regularly every day.
D) In the end, archaeologists have accepted
B) Forget it. It looks as if it’s going to get a lot
the fact that landscape archaeology
worse before it gets better.
contributes a lot to our understanding of a
C) You know, even before the rationing
site.
announcement, they suddenly turned off
E) Historically, not until the invention of the
the water yesterday without a warning.
airplane did the idea of aerial photography
D) I don’t blame you. Why don’t you hire a
become practical.
gardener to help you?
E) Just remember, I told you to pay the water
66. Peter :- Here’s an interesting job
bills on time.
advertisement. It seems they’re looking for a
person with a PhD in physical sciences to assist
64. Customer :- I’d like to buy a good camera
in a nanomedicine study.
for a reasonable price. What would you
George :- If the research topic is medicine,
recommend?
why do they need a physicist?
Shop assistant:- Well, we have this
Peter :- ----
professional series, with which you can get
George :- I guess that makes sense. Most
extra high-resolution images and at least three
doctors don’t have that kind of training.
types of lenses. Their prices start from $3, 000.
Customer :- ----
A) I would assume that they need someone
Shop assistant:- Then, maybe you’d consider
with experience in handling nanoparticles.
one from this series, which comes with only the
B) They must need help with something
standard lens, but can be upgraded when
outside their realm. What is nanomedicine,
necessary. Plus, they provide equally high-
anyway?
resolution images.
C) I can’t guess, but I think nanomedicine has
promise for the future.
A) Oh, I didn’t expect that they would be so
D) The reason is unclear. Maybe there’s a
simple.
mistake in the advertisement.
B) Actually, photography has been a major
E) I don’t know. Why don’t we look at the
interest of mine for a long time.
website to find out?
C) I can see you are very informed about
cameras.
D) Oh, I don’t think I want something so
professional.
E) Well, that really is a good value.

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67. Anthony :- Our research shows that the 69. Worries that the strong yen will hurt exports
continents contain rocks up to 4 billion years and strangle Japan's economic recovery
old. have pushed share prices sharply down.
Simon :- That is amazing, isn’t it?
Anthony :- ---- A) The strong yen, which is having an
adverse effect on exports and on the
A) To the contrary. We have found evidence nation's economic position generally, is
that supports the theory of plate tectonics, responsible for the sudden drop in share
which explains how plates converge and prices in Japan.
disperse. B) The strong yen is having an adverse effect
B) According to the theory of plate tectonics, on exports and putting an end to all
the Earth has a rigid outer layer known as Japan's hopes of economic recovery, and
the lithosphere. so share prices have dropped sharply.
C) Indeed. It’s really dazzling to think of how C) Share prices have dropped noticeably in
the landmasses we see around us today Japan for it is feared that the strong yen
were formed billions of years ago. will adversely affect exports and make the
D) As most scientists suggest, over millions of nation's economic recovery impossible.
years, mountains rise where plates collide, D) The sudden drop in share prices, and
and oceans form where plates diverge. worries about the strong yen, are having
E) In fact, it is generally accepted that almost an adverse effect on Japan's exports and
all of the oceanic floor is less than 180 indeed her economic recovery at large.
million years old. E) The noticeable drop in share prices in
Japan has set people worrying about the
yen, about exports and even about the
process of economic recovery.
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. 70. For once I feel inclined to agree with
Richard though usually I don't approve of
68. If I had heard about this conference on his ideas.
Satellite Services even a little earlier, I would
most certainly have prepared a paper for it. A) I reckon this is the first time Richard and I
agree, for I generally find his views
A) Unfortunately, I haven't had sufficient time to somewhat amoral.
write a paper for that conference on Satellite B) Once in a while I like to agree with Richard
Services, though I would very much have as I usually come out in opposition to him.
liked to have done so. C) As often as not Richard and I hold
B) I knew nothing about this conference on completely different views, so he'll be
Satellite Services until it was too late to write surprised to find me agreeing with him.
a paper for it, but I certainly would have if time D) On certain issues Richard and I are in
had allowed. agreement, but on the whole I find his point
C) There's still time to write a paper for that of view rather disgusting.
conference they are talking about on Satellite E) More often than not I find Richard's ideas
Services, and I would certainly like to do so. rather repulsive, but on this occasion he
D) If only they had informed me about the just might be right.
conference on Satellite Services. I would
definitely have got this paper ready a lot
earlier.
E) If they had given out some information about
the conference on Satellite Services at an
earlier date, it might have bean possible to
have given a paper there.

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71. The expansion of New England was in part 73. Many people choose to take a daily
stimulated by the desire for better land. multivitamin as a form of nutritional health
insurance. Many refined and processed
A) Stimulated in part by her greed for good foods often lack nutritional value. In these
arable soil, New England began to expand situations, a multivitamin can initially make
rapidly. up for any possible shortfall in your diet. ----
B) It was simply the poor quality or the land For example, a recent study showed that a
that made New England desirous of regular multivitamin and mineral
expanding her boundaries. supplement improved the immune system
C) Her original lands proving inadequate, New and reduced the risk of infections in a group
England soon felt obliged to start of elderly people.
expanding.
D) Desirous of acquiring part of this richer soil, A) Even a well-balanced diet cannot always
New England soon began to extend her provide all the vitamins and minerals the
boundaries. body requires for its special needs.
E) The desire for better land was one reason B) The vitamin A is usually synthesized from
why New England extended her vegetable sources and therefore is suitable
boundaries. for vegetarians.
C) Multivitamin intake may also help to boost
your body’s defences against infections
72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada and other minor illnesses.
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek D) Nutrition plays an important role in the
cümleyi bulunuz. development of the brain, but supplements
will not enhance intelligence.
72. Konya is well-known for the life and work of E) Most children’s multivitamins normally
Celaleddin Rumi, or Mevlâna, the founder of include sugars or sweeteners, sometimes
the Mevlevi dervish sect in 13th century. ---- as a high proportion of the chewable tablet.
He brought his teachings to Seljuk-ruled
Konya and died there in 1273.

A) Mevlâna Museum, which contains the tomb

of Rumi, is similar to a dervish lodge
(tekke).
B) Spiritual union and universal love were the
central beliefs of his philosophy.
C) Konya’s largest mosque, Alaeddin
Mosque, was finished in 1220 by Alaeddin
Keykubad I.
D) The Semahane used to be the setting for
the whirling ceremony, but now it is a
museum.
E) Rumi’s father and some other dervish
leaders also set up their own sects.

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74. As recently as 2007, Spain was a vigorous 75. The invention of the telephone is usually
creator of growth and jobs. ---- However, credited to Alexander Graham Bell, who
those days are now over, and in recent obtained the first patent for the device in
years Spain has witnessed 20 per cent 1876 and went on to commercial success. ---
unemployment and a huge trade deficit.In - Meucci had developed an electric
the year 2010, as other European economies treatment for rheumatism, and while
grew again, Spain’s economy shrank. In electrocuting one of his patients, he heard a
2011, its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) scream seemingly passing down the copper
expanded by less than 1 per cent. The wire. Therefore, it remains disputed as to
world’s ninth-biggest economy in 2009 will whether Bell or Meucci was the first inventor
soon be twelfth, overtaken by Russia, India of the telephone.
and Canada. Recent reforms are a change in
the right direction, but not enough to stop A) Even though he patented many inventions,
Spain from falling behind. Antonio Meucci never learned English well
enough to navigate the complex American
A) It was notable at the time for its massive business.
investments in these sectors of the B) Similarly, Bell’s immortalization in books
economy. and films has been plagued with
B) Economists wonder when it will turn to generations of Italians who know the story
meaningful growth, a highly demanded of Antonio Meucci
economic measure C) However, it is argued that the Italian
C) The Prime Minister of Spain, José Luis Antonio Meucci accidentally discovered an
Rodríguez Zapatero, is a reluctant reformer early version of the telephone-like device
D) Spain refuses to admit that many of its some years before.
financial problems are caused D) Actually, nothing in Bell’s writing, character
internationally. or his life after 1876 suggests that he stole
E) Spanish Prime Minister, Zapatero, was Meucci’s ideas
slow to recognize market impatience with E) Apart from Bell, Meucci was a brilliant
Spain’s deficit. inventor who dealt with electronic
communications and he also patented
plastic paste in 1883.

76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla

okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

76. (I) The fate of the polar-region ice sheets will

determine how much the sea level rises in the
coming century. (II) Under the frozen surfaces
of Himalayan glaciers on the flanks of Mount
Everest and its fellow giant peaks, caves wind
through the ice. (III) They follow twisting paths
carved out by flowing meltwater, with unusual
underground formations and narrow passages
that open into huge galleries. (IV) The way
meltwater moves inside glaciers is poorly
understood, so scientists are going beneath the
surface to track how water eats away at
glaciers from the inside. (V) What we see on
the surface is just part of the story.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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77. (I) Christine Lagarde, France’s first female 80. (I) 'Each day is a journey, and the journey itself
minister for finance and the economy, says it is is home', the poet Matsuo Basho wrote more
time for French people to 'roll up their sleeves' than 300 years ago in the first entry of his
and stop thinking about holidays. (II) The former masterpiece Narrow Road to a Far Province.
international lawyer, impressed by the work (II) Today, Basho is the first writer that many
ethic she witnessed during her time in the US, Japanese read seriously, and many people
wants to instill the same spirit in her admire his poetry. (III) Thousands of people
countrymen and women. (III) The French make pilgrimages to his birthplace and burial
government’s plans to reorganize the retail shrine, and travel parts of Basho’s Trail. (IV)
industry have brought fears that greater After three centuries, his Narrow Road still
competition will threaten livelihoods. (IV) Her speaks to readers around the world. (V) After
approach is calm and rational, bearing little his master died, Bashospent most of his life in
resemblance to the harsher style of the French Kyoto.
president, Nicolas Sarkozy.(V) Yet Christine
Lagarde shares the president’s convictions A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
when it comes to the French people and the
world of work.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) Drugs cause rashes in several ways. (II) As

with severe burns, the skin loss is life
threatening.(III) Most drug rashes are allergic
reactions to medications. (IV) After taking the
first dose of a particular drug, a person may
become sensitized to the drug. (V) Later
exposure to the drug may trigger an allergic
reaction.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) Cigarette smoking is most likely to cause oral

cancer. (II) When nicotine is delivered to the
brain, catecholamines, that is,
neurotransmitters that include epinephrine and
norepinephrine, are released. (III) These
substances act as stimulants, increasing
cortical arousal, which can be measured by an
electro encephalograph (EEG). (IV) In addition,
smoking releases beta-endorphins, and the
pleasurable effects of smoking may be due to
the release of these opiates produced by the
body.(V) Nicotine also increases the metabolic
level, which explains the tendency for smokers
to be thinner than nonsmokers.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 47 5. The prices of commodities such as tea and

coffee have benefited from the general
boom in commodity prices ---- by increased
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere demand and fairly static supply.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) brought about
1. Providing good infrastructure facilities and B) kept on
efficient port services to handle foreign C) taken up
trade is particularly ---- for the countries of D) pulled down
Africa not on the sea coast. E) turned up

A) responsible 6. Kosrae is the smallest of the four island

B) vital states that ---- the Federated States of
C) reliable Micronesia (FSM), the largest and most
D) persistent populous political entity that emerged after
E) sustainable World War II.

2. When China recently stopped exporting A) keep away

materials essential to the manufacture of B) tie up with
many technologies, sudden shortages ---- to C) make up
restrict the growth of a wide range of D) set down
industries. E) take on

A) witnessed 7. China’s middle class has developed ---- its

B) threatened humble beginnings ---- where it is today.
C) deserved
D) enabled A) over / upon
E) encouraged B) into / of
C) through / within
3. In December 1831, at the age of 22, Darwin D) out of / over
began a round-the-world sea voyage that ---- E) from / to
influenced his thinking.
8. When the company decides ---- the policy to
A) obscurely be adopted, it will focus ---- the results.
B) legitimately
C) hopefully A) to / with
D) respectfully B) at / in
E) profoundly C) on / on
D) through / on
4. Forgery is the act of making, reproducing, E) about / for
altering or signing a false document or other
instrument with the ---- of defrauding others. 9. ---- the growth in e-mail and fax
transmissions, many communications are
A) development still best handled by face-to-face or voice-to-
B) exception voice contact.
C) intention
D) determination A) Contrary to
E) prediction B) In spite of
C) By means of
D) Since
E) As regards

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10. They are installing a great deal of 15. Film music ---- significant in many ways, of
information technology, ---- the staff are course, but not as music, which is why the
quite incapable of using it. proposition that better composers ---- better
film music is not necessarily true.
A) owing to
B) whenever A) had been / shall produce
C) as if B) has been / should have produced
D) even so C) is / could produce
E) even though D) can be / had produced
E) would be / produced
11. ---- the car is equipped with a sophisticated
protection system, you know you are fully 16. The basin of the Amazon River ---- by
protected. rainforests and, therefore, ---- the wettest
region on Earth.
A) Until
B) Even if A) had been covered / would be
C) Although B) was covered / had been
D) So C) covers / has been
E) Since D) was covering / was
E) is covered / is
12. Generally, social media platforms can be
thought of as virtual meeting places which
function to encourage the exchange of
media content among users who are ----
producers ---- consumers.

A) both / and
B) more / than
C) just / like
D) so / that
E) such / as

13. If she ---- more pessimistic, most probably

she ---- up, but instead, she went on trying.

A) were / had given

B) has been / has given
C) had been / may have given
D) is / will give
E) were / would have given

14. The wolves that ---- in Ethiopia some 100,

000 years ago ---- into a separate and rare
species.

A) had arrived / will have evolved

B) arrive / will evolve
C) were arriving / had evolved
D) have arrived / evolved
E) arrived / have evolved

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

One should never forget that adverse drug reactions The population of the world continues to increase at
are common. Every drug has the (17) ---- to cause an alarming rate. (22) ---- the rise of high-tech
harm as well as do good. Whenever doctors agriculture, food supplies remain inadequate.
consider prescribing a drug, they must weigh the According to a recent report, there are now 800
possible risks (18) ---- the expected benefits. The million people who regularly do not get (23) ---- to
use of a drug isn’t justified (19) ---- the expected eat. (24) ----, this is often due to a lack of money.
benefits outweigh the possible risks. Doctors must But by the year 2050 there (25) ---- 9 billion mouths
also consider the likely outcome of (20) ---- a drug. to feed, (26) ---- is 3 billion more than today.
Likely benefits and risks can seldom be determined
with mathematical (21) ----. 22.
A) Following
17. B) In spite of
A) condition C) Owing to
B) experience D) In accordance with
C) potential E) Contrary to
D) description
E) preference 23.
A) enough
18. B) satisfactory
A) over C) adequately
B) towards D) so much
C) through E) more
D) to
E) against 24.
A) Sometimes
19. B) Admittedly
A) even C) Rightly
B) whether D) Hardly
C) unless E) Likely
D) since
E) so 25.
A) would be
20. B) have been
A) treating C) will be
B) withdrawing D) could have been
C) releasing E) would have been
D) relieving
E) withholding 26.
A) which
21. B) what
A) implication C) there
B) decision D) it
C) explanation E) whose
D) precision
E) determination

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. Whether you are interested in the ancient,
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. medieval, or modern world, ----.

A) the Cities of the Dead are cemeteries in

27. ---- because its ice sheet exerts a
Cairo that have become home to thousands
tremendous influence on many ecological
of the city’s poorest
cycles.
B) you can visit the Old City of Jerusalem,
which is home to countless Jewish,
A) We probably have more information on
Christian, and Muslim sacred sites, such as
nearby planets than we do on Greenland
the Wailing Wall
B) The climatic change on Greenland is an
C) you can see the ancient cities of Harappa
indicator of things to come in the rest of the
and Mohenjo-Daro in Pakistan dating back
world
to 3000 BC that are still under excavation
C) What happens on Greenland over the next
D) you can find art and architecture from each
decade does not worry scientists
time period anywhere people resided in the
D) The average temperature on Greenland has
Middle East
been steady in recent years
E) the Egyptian Museum in Cairo is a treasure
E) Less than one per cent of all the water on
chest of mummies, statues, and thousands
Earth is drinkable and not locked up in ice
of other items of historic value
28. Whereas many insomniacs believe that
32. ----, scientists are entirely dependent on
they lack sufficient sleep, ----.
their instruments to hear the toothed
whales’ clicks.
A) the chronic inability to either fall asleep or
keep sleeping are symptoms of insomnia
A) Since humans can hear only sounds
B) they should arrange their retiring and rising
between 20 and20,000 hertz
times so that they spend eight hours in bed
B) As the vessel has made both acoustic and
C) evidence shows that they are in fact getting
visual observations of whales
at least as much as they require
C) While other whales use sound to hunt,
D) many people are usually drowsy early in the
orient themselves, and communicate
morning
D) Given that sound travels easily through air
E) studies have shown that sleeping seven
and water
hours a night is associated with the lowest
E) Because the blue whale's vocalizations are
mortality risk
very easy to recognize
29. If the brain were simpler, ----.
33. With satellite digital radio, good reception is
guaranteed, ----.
A) we have lots of data observed from identical
twins
A) before your receiver has been installed by
B) the scientists can produce simulations of it
the mechanic
C) we wouldn’t be smart enough to understand
B) if you pay too much money for the digital
how it works
radio
D) our brains surely had a way of interfering
C) after you sign up for a monthly payment
with our minds
D) as long as you point your receiver at the
E) some of us could cure genetically-
satellite
determined illnesses
E) unless you purchase a good satellite digital
radio
30. Although people complain about paying a
high fee for paid TV channels, ----.

A) they are supposed to cancel their

membership
B) the fee is considerably higher than in the
previous year
C) most viewers still preferred to watch football
D) no one thinks of those who cannot afford it
E) they accept it as they have no other choice

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34. In order to stimulate economic 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
development, many developing countries anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
have established free trade zones ----. cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz.
A) so that the governments can provide better
living standards
37. A court in Ecuador ordered Chevron to pay
B) whose benefits have led to serious
$9.5 billion for the environmental and social
violations of human rights in custody
damage to the Amazon region caused by
C) where investors are given special benefits
Texaco.
such as low or no
D) if developed countries would compete for
A) Texaco'nun, Amazon bölgesine verdiği
jobs by holding down wages
çevresel ve sosyal hasarın giderilmesi için
E) taxes that they will most probably eliminate
Ekvador'da bir mahkeme Chevron'a 9,5
discrimination in employment
milyar dolarlık fatura çıkardı.
B) Ekvador'da bir mahkeme, Texaco'nun
35. Globally, wind supplies less than one per
Amazon bölgesinde verdiği iddia edilen
cent of our electric power, ----.
çevresel ve sosyal hasar için Chevron'un
yaklaşık 9,5 milyar dolar ödemesine
A) in case it is not used efficiently
hükmetti.
B) but it is still the fastest growing source of
C) Ekvador'da bir mahkeme, Amazon
energy
bölgesinde Texaco'nun sebep olduğu
C) so it accounts for much of the world’s
çevresel ve sosyal hasar için Chevron'un
consumption
9,5 milyar dolar ödemesine karar verdi.
D) unless new sources become available
D) Texaco'nun Amazon bölgesinde sebep
E) which would have surprised many people
olduğu çevresel ve sosyal felaket için
Ekvador'daki bir mahkemede Chevron'a
36. During periods of high inflation, consumers
9,5 milyar dolarlık tazminat davası açıldı.
find it more difficult to purchase goods and
E) Ekvador'da bir mahkeme, verdiği hükümle,
services----.
Amazon bölgesinde Texaco ve Chevron'un
9,5 milyar dolar ödemesini gerektirecek bir
A) because high inflation also creates
çevresel ve sosyal felaket olduğunu iddia
problems for companies
etti.
B) when inflation was rising at a rate of one per
cent per day in Brazil
38. Bird-lovers are celebrating the return of a
C) unless their income rises the same or faster
wetland bird that has eluded scientists ever
than inflation
since its discovery in India year ago.
D) as long as monetary authorities such as the
Federal Reserve Bank in the US use high
A) Hindistan’daki kuşseverler, yıllar önce
interest rates to bring down inflation
keşfettikleri ve bilim insanlarını atlatan bir
E) although managers need to anticipate
sulak arazi kuşunun dönüşünü kutluyorlar.
possible changes in monetary policies
B) Yıllar önce Hindistan’da keşfedilmesinden
sonra bilim insanlarını atlatan bir sulak
arazi kuşunun dönüşü kuşseverleri
memnun etti.
C) Kuşseverler, yıllar önce bilim insanlarının
Hindistan’da keşfettiği ancak onları atlatan
bir sulak arazi kuşunun dönüşünü
kutluyorlar.
D) Kuşseverler, Hindistan’daki keşfinden beri
bilim insanlarını atlatan bu güzel sulak
arazi kuşunun dönüşünü kutluyorlar.
E) Kuşseverler, yıllar önce Hindistan’da
keşfinden bu yana bilim insanlarını atlatan
bir sulak arazi kuşunun dönüşünü
kutluyorlar.

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39. Oil was first discovered in the 1960s in 40. Eğer Rusya ve Amerika‘nın yoğun nükleer
Mauritania, but high production costs silahlarını ortadan kaldırmak için daha fazla
discouraged oil exploration bir şey yapılmazsa, Kuzey Kutup bölgesi
programmes;however, today’s high oil yeniden bir nükleer cephe haline gelebilir.
prices make Mauritanian oil economically
more viable. A) Unless further steps are taken to dismantle
their extensive nuclear arms, the Arctic
A) Bugünün yüksek petrol fiyatları nedeniyle may become a nuclear front again for
çok kârlı hâle gelen Moritanya petrolü ilk Russia and the US
olarak 1960’larda keşfedilmişti; ancak, B) If nothing further is done to dismantle the
yüksek üretim maliyetleri nedeniyle petrol extensive Russian and US nuclear arms,
arama programından vazgeçilmişti. the Arctic could once again become a
B) Moritanya’da petrolün ilk olarak 1960’larda nuclear front
keşfedilmesine rağmen, yüksek üretim C) In order for the Arctic to become a nuclear
maliyetleri nedeniyle petrol arama front again, something must be done to
programları durduruldu; ancak, bugünün reduce the vast amount of nuclear
yüksek petrol fiyatları ülkedeki petrolü weapons of Russia and the US.
ekonomik olarak çok daha kârlı hâle D) Whether or not the Arctic is to become a
getirdi. nuclear front again, Russia and the US
C) Moritanya’da petrol ilk olarak 1960’larda must reduce their nuclear arms.
keşfedildi, fakat yüksek üretim maliyetleri E) Should Russian and US plans for turning
petrol arama programlarının cesaretini the Arctic once more into a nuclear front be
kırdı; ancak, bugünün yüksek petrol put into effect, both countries will have to
fiyatları Moritanya petrolünü ekonomik reduce the amount of nuclear power.
olarak daha uygun hâle getiriyor.
D) Moritanya’da petrol arama programlarıyla 41. Çevredeki değişikliklerin, beyinlerimizde
ilk olarak 1960’larda keşfedilen petrolün zamanın öznel biçimde algılanmasına nasıl
yüksek üretim maliyetleri vardı; ama bugün yol açtığı sorusu, ruhbilimcileri ve beyin
yüksek petrol fiyatları nedeniyle bu petrol araştırmacılarını düşündürmeye devam
ekonomik olarak daha uygun hâle geldi. etmektedir
E) Moritanya’da ilk olarak 1960’lardaki petrol
arama programlarıyla keşfedilen petrolün A) Psychologists and brain researchers have
yüksek üretim maliyetleri olmasına recently started to wonder how changes in
rağmen, günümüzde yüksek petrol fiyatları the environment cause the brain to
bu petrolü ekonomik olarak daha uygun experience time subjectively.
hâle getiriyor. B) The question of how changes in the
environment give rise to the subjective
experience of time in our brains continues
to preoccupy psychologists and brain
researchers
C) How changes in the environment can lead
to the subjective experience of time in our
brains is a matter of discussion among
psychologists and brain researchers.
D) The subjective time experience of our
brains resulting from environmental
changes has long been a controversial
issue among psychologists and brain
researchers
E) The reasons behind the subjective
perception of time by the brain have not yet
been explained by psychologists or brain
researchers

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42. İklim değişikliği ile ilgili çoğu bilim adamı,

kentlerin, çevrelerinden daha sıcak olduğu
ve bulut oluşumuna neden olan dikey hava
akımları yarattığı görüşündedir.

A) Most scientists concerned with climate

change are of the opinion that cities are
hotter than their surroundings and create
updrafts of air causing cloud formation.
B) A number of scientists dealing with climate
change maintain that, as cities are much
hotter than the surrounding environment,
updrafts of air occur over them and lead to
cloud formation.
C) As many scientists studying climate
change have suggested, since cities are
relatively warmer than their surroundings,
there are updrafts of air over them which
bring about cloud formation.
D) Many scientists who are experts in climate
change are convinced that cloud formation
results from updrafts of air over cities,
which are usually hotter than their
surroundings.
E) A lot of scientists who are specialists in
climate change have argued that, because
cities are far hotter than their surroundings,
this causes updrafts of air which lead to
cloud formation.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. It is clear from the passage that science and
cevaplayınız. the application of science ----.

A) will not help to further global awareness

In this century, the wealth and success of nations
B) is largely confined within the universities
will depend like never before on the ability to
C) has grown so complex that it is beyond the
produce and use knowledge. Universities have long
understanding of all but a very few
been instrumental in generating knowledge and
D) cannot go on advancing at this rate
ideas. But in an increasingly globalized world, and in
E) is opening up startling new possibilities
the face of rapid scientific change, they will need to
think about a set of new challenges and how best to
46. The writer of the passage seems convinced
prepare their students for the coming decades.
that the current rapid developments in
Universities will need to teach a new kind of literacy,
science and technology ----.
in which global awareness will play an important
role. They also need to deal with the dilemmas
A) will be accompanied by new problems
posed by the accelerating pace of change brought
B) cannot go on much longer
on by scientific and technological advances. We are
C) will bring more harm than good
on the brink of once-in-human-history progress in
D) are largely concentrated in the field of
combating disease through the application of
medicine
modern science. Doctors will have at their disposal
E) are beyond the grasp of most people in
blood tests that will tell you with substantial
most countries
predictive power how long you will live and from
what diseases you are likely to suffer. The Internet
and the application of information technology may
well represent the most profound change in the way
knowledge is disseminated since the printing press.
We are close to understanding the first second of
the history of the cosmos.

43. According to the passage, universities are

under an obligation to ensure that their
students ----.

A) have the chance to work alongside foreign

students
B) are equipped to deal with the changing
conditions of the coming decades
C) are introduced to international perspectives
in every area of study
D) are taught not specific facts as much as
broad ways of thinking
E) all have a good grounding in science and
technology

44. One point that is given considerable

emphasis in the passage is ----.

A) the need of all students to get acquainted

with foreign cultures and global issues
B) that the universities have a commitment to
the pursuit of truth for its own sake
C) that the universities are in a position to
further greater global integration
D) the incredible speed with which knowledge
is increasing
E) that universities must stick to the values
that have made them successful in the
past

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 48. According to the passage, Linfa Wang’s
cevaplayınız. study of wild Chinese bats ----.

A) showed that the coronaviruses carried by

Bats are creatures of the night that are commonly
some of the bats had a much greater
held in fear. At first glance, those fears might seem
genetic variation than seen in human
to have some medical justification. Long known as
SARS
vectors for rabies, it is now thought that bats may be
B) revealed that the bats, while chronically
the origin of some of the most deadly emerging
infected with viruses other than SARS, did
viruses, including SARS. From research with other
not become ill or suffer from any symptoms
viruses, virologist Linfa Wang of the Australian
C) has aroused a great deal of controversy
Animal Health Laboratory knew bats could get
among flu specialists
chronic infections from viruses while not getting
D) proved that the SARS virus carried by the
sick, making them ideal carriers for disease. Bats,
bats was the same as that found in civets
civets and a menagerie of other animals were often
E) sparked a movement to reform the live-
found caged near one another in live-animal
animal markets in Asia
markets in Asia. So Wang hypothesized that bats
might harbor SARS as well. Wang and his
colleagues analyzed blood, throat and faecal swabs
49. The main idea of the passage is that ----.
from 408 wild bats from China. Genetic analysis
revealed five bats, which represented three of nine
A) most people fear bats as they are
species of horseshoe bats tested, possessed
nocturnal animals
viruses closely related to SARS. They reported last
B) bats cannot be infected with a virus without
September that the genetic variation within those
immediately suffering any symptoms
coronaviruses was far greater than that seen in
C) SARS and other deadly new viruses may
human or civet SARS. Therefore, bats, probably
have their origins in bats
having lived longer with the diseases, may be the
D) bats are often kept nearby other animals in
origin of the coronaviruses seen in other species.
Asian live-animal markets
E) virologist Linfa Wang did research on 408
wild bats from China
47. We understand from the passage that since
bats can get chronic infections from viruses
50. The passage points out that although bats
without getting sick, ----.
have long been understood to be carriers of
rabies, ----.
A) they are not thought to be dangerous to
humans and other animals
A) the ones having close contact with humans
B) they must have a well-developed immune
do not carry the disease
system
B) there is not much risk of transfer of this
C) people have a great fear of becoming
disease to humans
infected from them
C) they were tested for the disease anyway
D) they are perfect hosts for disease
D) they have not until recently been thought to
E) their blood and faeces carry no sign of
be carriers of SARS
infection, either
E) they have never undergone genetic
analysis to reveal other diseases in their
bodies

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. It is stated in the passage that although ----,
cevaplayınız. it was mostly unable to do so.

During the “hunger winter” of 1944 in Amsterdam, A) a small playground was the first project
over 20,000 people died of starvation. Many of the designed by van Eyck while at the Office
city’s trees were cut down, and the interiors of for Public Works in Amsterdam
abandoned buildings broken up for fuel. When B) modern European architecture had a
peace came this once most beautiful and urbane of chance after World War II to create an
cities was in urgent need of large-scale attractive new style in cities
reconstruction. In the years following the end of C) post-war architecture in Europe was
World War II in Europe, modern architecture had an greatly influenced by the ideas of Aldo van
unprecedented opportunity to demonstrate a Eyck
socially minded, urban style. The consensus today D) Amsterdam suffered major destruction
is that in most places it failed. The young Dutch during World War II
architect Aldo van Eyck was one of the earliest E) post-World War II architecture in Europe
critics of the mechanistic approach taken by his took a mechanistic approach
modernist colleagues to urban reconstruction. The
failure of architecture and planning to recreate forms
of urban community and solidarity has become a 53. It is clear from the passage that the new
problem in post-war Europe, as so many acclaimed towns and residential areas built after World
housing estates, new towns, or newly designed War II in Europe ----.
urban quarters, around Europe, have been troubled
by vandalism, disrepair and abandonment. Van
Eyck saw this coming. In 1947 at the age of 28, he A) were the work of a very talented group of
went to work for the Office for Public Works in young architects
Amsterdam and, as his first project, built a small B) immediately became popular and have
playground. This was in line with his belief that by remained so to this day
promoting and shaping the daily “encounter” or C) became the most beautiful areas in and
“inbetween-ness” of social space, architecture could around the cities
humanize cities and create public trust. D) failed to provide a sense of community for
the residents
E) had playgrounds designed by van Eyck

51. We understand from the passage that, in the

late 1940s, Europe was in need of massive 54. According to the passage, Aldo van Eyck
reconstruction due to ----. ----.

A) the destruction caused by World War II A) approved of the mechanistic design

B) the mechanistic approach taken by post- approach of his modernist colleagues
war architects to urban reconstruction B) thought that many post-war residential
C) vandalism, disrepair and abandonment of areas deserved acclaim
property C) viewed the post-war period as an
D) the unprecedented opportunity to opportunity to display his design ability
demonstrate a socially minded, urban style D) thought the post-war period was a good
E) the failure of modern architecture opportunity to destroy older buildings and
design modern cities
E) believed that urban architecture had the
power to create a sense of solidarity and
trust in a city’s residents

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. As pointed out in the passage, the idea that
cevaplayınız. mathematics and physics differ from each
other ----.

The most common view among scientists is that

mathematics and physics are quite different. A) has often been queried and debated since
Physics describes the universe and depends on Newton
experiment and observation. The particular laws B) is accepted by most scientists
that govern our universe, such as Newton’s laws of C) has only recently been accepted by the
motion, must be determined empirically and then scientific community
asserted like axioms that cannot be logically proved, D) is evidence of a prevailing prejudice among
merely verified. Mathematics, on the other hand, is mathematicians and physicists
somehow independent of the universe. Results and E) was originally put forward by Newton after
theorems, such as the properties of the integers and he formulated his laws of motion
real numbers, do not depend in any way on the
particular nature of reality in which we find
ourselves. Mathematical truths would be true in any 58. It is clear from the passage that any
universe. information physics reveals about our
universe cannot be valid ----.

A) as it is impossible for every scientist to

agree to it
55. It is suggested in the passage that, unlike
B) so long as it is not explained
mathematics, physics ----.
mathematically
C) since it is not always proved logically
A) makes much use of logic in order to reach D) unless it is confirmed through experiment
a conclusion and observation
B) formulates laws that need not be verified E) because the methods used for verification
by experimentation are often controversial
C) has undergone much development since
Newton’s time
D) is essentially concerned with the world of
matter
E) states facts about the universe that are
taken for granted

56. We understand from the passage that, for

most scientists, ----.

A) logical reasoning is as essential as

experiment and observation in any
scientific study
B) mathematics and physics are the two fields
of science which have similar scientific
concerns and are, hence, interdependent
C) mathematics, like physics, is also
indispensable for a scientific study of the
universe
D) the Newtonian laws have completely
altered man’s perception of the universe
E) physics is essentially empirical, whereas
mathematics is not

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. According to the passage, Lewis Island ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) has the climate and conditions favourable
to agriculture
The natives of the Lewis Island know wind –
B) suffers more than any other island in
sometimes too well. Every winter the Atlantic gales
Scotland’s Outer Hebrides from Atlantic
come blasting across the northern tip of Scotland’s
gales
Outer Hebrides. The wind hardly slows down even
C) will undergo many important changes
after striking land; in the island’s marshy interior,
unless a wind farm is established there
gusts regularly exceed 160kph. Everyone stays
D) may one day be home to Europe’s largest
indoors but the sheep. Tourists arrive in summer,
wind farm
lured by mild temperatures and unspoiled
E) has an aging population that regards the
countryside; even so, there’s rarely a calm day.
wind-farm scheme with distrust
“The weather here is changeable”, says Nigel Scott,
spokesman for the local government. “But the wind
62. If the energy industry carries out the project
is constant”. The brutal climate could finally be
described in the passage and sets up 300
Lewis’s salvation. The place has been growing
wind turbines on Lewis, ----.
poorer and more desolate for generations, as young
people seek sunnier prospects elsewhere. But now
A) maintenance costs due to the gale force
the energy industry has discovered the storm-swept
winds could cause financial failure
island. The multinationals AMEC and British Energy
B) the young people will want to leave their
are talking about plans to erect some 300 outsize
much loved island
wind turbines across a few thousand hectares of
C) there will be a shortage of land for the
moorland. If the 500 million-pound project goes
sheep to graze on
through, the array will be Europe’s largest wind
D) other windswept coastlines throughout
farm, capable of churning out roughly 1 per cent of
Europe will probably follow suit
Britain’s total electrical needs – and generating
E) these will provide Britain with roughly of 1
some badly needed jobs and cash for the people of
per cent of her total electrical needs
Lewis.

59. We understand from the passage that, in

summer, the island of Lewis ----.

A) attracts visitors as nature there has

remained unspoiled
B) enjoys a warm, wind-free climate
C) is one of the most attractive of the islands
that make up the Outer Hebrides
D) has little to offer its inhabitants by way of a
living other than fishing
E) can offer its inhabitants even less in the
way of a livelihood than it can in the winter

60. It’s clear from the passage that for a long

time now the young people of Lewis ----.

A) have been looking forward to the

establishment of a wind farm on their
island
B) have been leaving the island intent on
finding a better way of life elsewhere
C) have realized that the island’s most
valuable asset is its climate
D) have been reluctant to leave the island on
a permanent basis
E) feel no sympathy for the old traditions and
ways of life of the island

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. John :- What do you know about Bertolt
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi Brecht?
bulunuz. Friend :- As I remember, he was a
modern German dramatist.
John :- ----
63. Polly :- This is terrible! Have you read
Friend :- As far as I know, he also
this article on dirty needles being used for
encouraged audiences to develop an active
vaccinations in poor countries?
and critical attitude to a play’s subject.
Karin :- Yes, and it is terrible.
Apparently, anti-tetanus shots given with used
A) In my opinion, as a genre, comedy has
needles are spreading HIV.
undergone many changes since classical
Polly :- ----
antiquity.
Karin :- Well, you know, they may not
B) Moreover, drama is distinct from literature
have enough needles, so they may have to use
in that it is a performing art.
them more than once.
C) The drama that contains elements of
tragedy and comedy is called tragicomedy.
A) I think wealthy countries should donate
D) Right. More than that, he was one of the
disposable needles to poorer countries.
most influential figures in the 20th-century
B) How can the health workers in those
theatre.
countries do such a thing?
E) On the other hand, theatre history can be
C) They should test everyone’s blood before
traced back to the ancient Greek festivals
giving a vaccine.
for Dionysus.
D) Tetanus and HIV are both dangerous
infectious diseases.
66. Robert :- I hear that, with regard to the
E) The health workers are probably selling the
current oil crisis, the US Senate is planning to
clean needles illegally.
set up a subcommittee.
James :- What do you think the
64. Doctor :- How have you been feeling
subcommittee will be authorized to do?
since we started you on the cholesterol-
Robert :- ----
lowering diet and drug regimen?
James :- Clearly, this is a matter that the
Harry :- Well, it’s been really hard for
subcommittee must look into as soon as
me. I’m not allowed to eat what I want, and I’ve
possible.
been feeling depressed and aggressive for
some reason.
A) As far as I am concerned, the role of the
Doctor :- ----
multinational oil companies in the current
Harry :- In other words, they are only
crisis urgently needs to be investigated.
temporary then.
B) It has been reported that new oil
discoveries can keep up pace with
A) Well, you’ll just have to continue with the
predicted growth in demand.
regimen. You have your cardiovascular
C) In my opinion, no country can claim that oil
health to consider, you know!
companies have not behaved in a
B) Would you like to try psychological
responsible manner.
counselling to help to confront these
D) You know that the Middle East with its rich
feelings?
reserves supplies most of the oil
C) Unfortunately, those are common side-
consumption in the world.
effects of the drug you are taking.
E) In fact, during the first half of this year,
D) Maybe we should consider alternate
there was a rising demand for all petroleum
medication for your condition.
products.
E) Why don’t you try stopping the diet and
continuing with the drug, then?

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67. Jeffrey :- The swine flu outbreak seems to 69. Her lectures are both amusing and full of
have emerged without warning, don’t you interest, and consequently, it’s hardly
think? surprising that she is so popular.
Nathan :- Yes, you have a point. But I
think the virus existed for some time before it A) Her popularity is the result of her style of
was discovered. lecturing which really is fascinating.
Jeffrey :- ---- B) She lectures in such an amusing manner
Nathan :- The answer is likely 'yes', if that everyone enjoys her lectures.
more attention had been paid to the human- C) She is a most entertaining speaker, and so
animal interactions that enable new viruses to naturally she is in great demand.
emerge. D) The fact that her lectures are so full of
humour is clearly the reason for her
A) Do you think governments have taken the popularity.
necessary measures against it? E) Her sense of humour and her insight are
B) Could there be a more effective way of what have made her so much in demand
monitoring the course of the disease? as a lecturer.
C) Do you think the world faces more
pandemics like this one? 70. I just couldn't make him understand that
D) Couldn’t it have been detected and the good planning is essential to success.
spread of it prevented?
E) Do you think vaccination against such A) I've failed to convince him that the secret to
pandemics would solve the problem? success lies in a sound plan.
B) Apparently he can't grasp the fact that
without a sound plan, success is hard to
come by.
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en C) He refuses to believe that the plan will turn
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. out to be successful.
D) He's convinced that the scheme is bound
68. The aim of advertising is not to inform but to to succeed.
sell products and keep businesses in E) I'll convince him in the end that no amount
business. of planning can guarantee success.

A) A business advertises in order to get 71. However carefully they rehearse the
markets and sell its goods and make itself programme, there is always someone who
known. gets it wrong.
B) Advertisements should give preference to
marketing techniques and help firms sell; A) Rehearse as much as you like, but you’ll
information is secondary. never get it right.
C) Advertising is about selling goods and B) No matter how diligently the programme is
keeping firms running; not supplying rehearsed, it is never free of mistakes.
information. C) They rehearsed the programme until it was
D) A business advertises with a view to quite faultless.
making a name for itself in the commercial D) They rehearsed as hard as ever until it
world and selling its products. seemed everyone was perfect.
E) The purpose of advertising is not to amuse E) The programme was rehearsed with so
but to increase sales and encourage much care that it seemed that nothing
commercial activities. could go wrong.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 74. It is estimated that skin cancers could soon
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek be detected by sampling a thin layer of air
cümleyi bulunuz. just above the body's surface. A research
team in Philadelphia have used gas
chromatography mass spectrometry to give
72. Publius Aelius Hadrianus was the emperor
a detailed chemical profile of the air
of Rome from AD 117 until his death in AD
immediately over the skin of a group of
138. He pursued a policy of non-expansion,
volunteers. ----. The analysis showed clear
especially during the late years of his reign,
differences in the amounts of certain
and reinforcement after the vast conquests
chemicals between the groups. It is exciting
of his predecessor Trajan’s reign. ---- He
that these are biomarkers related to skin
travelled more widely than any other
cancer.
emperor, and strengthened both the army
and Roman administration in the conquered
A) Skin cancer is often hard to detect until
lands.
later stages.
B) This method could be an important
A) For most of his reign, he was challenged
screening tool in the fight against cancer.
by many other emperors.
C) Researchers are now planning to find the
B) It was defended by 16 military camps and
chemical signatures of more dangerous
other smaller fortifications.
cancers.
C) He was adopted by the emperor Trajan,
D) Half had the common basal skin
whom he succeeded.
carcinoma, the other half were healthy.
D) It was damaged by the Picts on several
E) Basal skin carcinoma is one of the most
occasions, and abandoned in about 383
common forms of skin cancer.
AD.
E) This practice was aimed at strengthening
75. For all the predictable battles over the state
the boundaries of the empire.
of climate science, the truth is that our
planet still has the potential to surprise us.
73. Forensic science, which is a
On February 26, a team of French and
multidisciplinary field, involves the use of
Australian scientists reported news of a
scientific techniques to solve criminal
huge iceberg's collision with the Mertz
cases. TV shows in America are giving their
Glacier on the eastern coast of Antarctica. --
viewers a distorted view of how it is carried
--. Owing in part to warming global
out. The actors playing forensic personnel,
temperatures, Antarctica is losing ice all the
for instance, are a mixture of police officer,
time about cu. mi. (100 cu. km.)worth each
detective and forensic scientist. However,
year, which is clearly alarming.
this job description does not exist in the real
world. ---- In fact, specialization within
A) There are some extraordinary events
forensic laboratories has been the norm
unfolding all over Antarctica.
since the late 1980s. Every forensic scientist
B) Scientists report that ice loss should be
needs to know about other disciplines, but
happening on the western edge of the
no scientist is an expert in every area.
continent.
C) This is a catastrophe that is slowly but
A) Police detectives, who used to gather
steadily raising global sea levels.
about five pieces of evidence from a crime
D) A chunk of sea ice approximately the size
scene, say they are collecting more today.
of Luxembourg had broken free.
B) Yet, TV shows often incorrectly portray
E) While the global warming wars between
forensic scientists as having ample time for
scientists continue, the public has to act.
every case.
C) Law enforcement, investigations and
forensic science are each so complex that
they demand their own education, training
and methods.
D) Several TV detectives or technicians,
however, often devote their full attention to
one investigation.
E) Even so, enrolment in forensic science
studies has recently increased
substantially at many universities.

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76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 79. (I) France, Russia and the United States are
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü the world’s biggest exporters of small arms. (II)
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. Last year they produced 75% of all small arms
sold in the world. (III) But several other
countries, such as Egyptand Israel, are also
76. (I) The first step in considering the possibility of
emerging as major producers and traders. (IV)
a genetic abnormality is obtaining a family
Especially in the Middle East, the problem of
history. (II) A doctor or genetic counsellor
arms smuggling is widespread. (V) For
constructs a family treeby asking about medical
instance, in 2006 Israel exported $175 million
problems affecting family members. (III) For an
worth of small arms.
accurate appraisal of genetic risks, information
about three generations in the family is usually
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
needed. (IV) The state of health or cause of
death of all first-degree and second-degree
80. (I) The sugars lactose, sucrose, and maltose
relatives is noted. (V) One of the most common
are broken down by the enzymes lactase,
tests used to diagnose genetic abnormalities in
sucrase, and maltase, which are located in the
a foetus is ultrasound scanning.
lining of the small intestine. (II) Normally, the
enzymes break these sugars into simple
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
sugars, such as glucose, which are then
absorbed into the blood through the intestinal
77. (I) Many people associate mythology only with
wall. (III) If the necessary enzyme is lacking,
the Greeks and Romans. (II) After all, these two
the sugars are digested, and they can’t be
civilizations have supplied the most famous
absorbed. (IV) Thus, they remain in the small
myths and gods in history. (III) In many ways,
intestine, and the resulting high concentration
they encountered one another often because of
of sugar draws fluid into the small intestine,
trade, migration, and conquest. (IV) However, it
causing diarrhea. (V) The nutritional
is important to realize that all cultures i all
deficiencies resulting from malabsorption can
sections of the world have their own unique
cause additional symptoms.
mythologies. (V) That is certainly true for the
sophisticated Mayan and Aztec civilizations that
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
developed in Mesoamerica.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) When you find a good source of pastured

meat, you will want to buy it in quantity and
store it for future use.(II) Animals are fed a high
energy diet of grain to make them grow quickly.
(III) Deep freezers are surprisingly inexpensive
to buy and to operate, because they are not
opened nearly as often as the one in
yourrefrigerator. (IV) A freezer will also enable
you to buy produce in bulk at the height of its
season, when it will be most abundant and
therefore cheap. (V) Also, freezing does not
significantly diminish the nutritional value of the
product.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 48 6. About 14, 500 years ago, hunter-gatherers in

the eastern Mediterranean ---- their
migratory lifestyle and settled in villages.
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) turned into
B) broke off
1. With the introduction in the 1950s of more C) put off
advanced sound-recording techniques D) gave up
which played an important part in the E) looked into
creation of new styles, pop music became --
-- from folk music. 7. People in England have been writing books
about Turkey at least since the 15th century;
A) distinct but ---- were written in the 19th century.
B) valid
C) reliable A) the few
D) changeable B) the least
E) definite C) the best
D) fewest
2. A lack of skills or of higher education are E) best
issues that ---- many South Africans from
making a decent living. 8. Most of the writers of grammars of English -
--- teachers, but some early grammar books
A) prevent of English ---- by men such as playwrights,
B) promote scientists or philosophers.
C) complain
D) offer A) are / can be written
E) help B) have been / were written
C) were / could have been written
3. Most multiple-sclerosis patients suffer D) had been / were written
weakness and visual problems, and they E) may be / have been written
become ---- more disabled.
9. The nuclear accident that ---- at the
A) hardly Chernobyl reactor in April, 1986, ---- to new
B) progressively fears about the safety of nuclear reactors.
C) absolutely
D) solely A) has occurred / was to lead
E) plausibly B) would have occurred / led
C) occurred / has led
4. To the peoples of the ancient world, the D) could occur / had led
characteristic ---- of civilization such as E) had occurred / may have led
government, literature, science, and art
were necessarily products of city life. 10. Although 25 to 30 per cent of all people ----
some form of excessive mood disturbance
A) remains during their lifetime, only about 10 per cent -
B) influences --- a disorder severe enough to require
C) declarations medical attention.
D) commodities
E) manifestations A) would experience / have had
B) experienced / will have had
5. For decades, scientists have theorized that C) had experienced / had had
much of the universe is ---- nearly D) will have experienced / would have
undetectable dark matter and dark energy. E) experience / have

A) made up of
B) taken over by
C) lost in
D) held on
E) broken away from

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11. Any injury forceful ---- to fracture the jaw 16. Today, spam mail constitutes more than 90
may also injure the cervical vertebrae. percent ---- all e-mail traffic all ---- the world.

A) so as A) with / through
B) as if B) to / across
C) even C) at / around
D) too D) by / within
E) enough E) of / over

12. Children’s appetites begin to diminish

around one year, ---- the slowing of growth.

A) regardless of
B) in spite of
C) in case of
D) consistent with
E) except for

13. Several species of birds in Vietnam

vanished during the war, ---- they began to
reappear in the 1980s and their gradual
return has been encouraged by Vietnamese
villagers.

A) but
B) since
C) unless
D) when
E) if

14. ---- the body has manufactured antibodies

against a particular antigen (such as the
measlesvirus), it remembers how to make
them the next time it is attacked by the
same antigen.

A) Until
B) Once
C) Unless
D) Even though
E) Whereas

15. The age limits of adolescence are not

clearly specified, but it extends roughly ----
age 12 ---- the late teens.

A) at / up
B) from / to
C) over / in
D) between / for
E) about / of

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Anyone looking for a way to do something for the Scientists have long suspected that the vibrant
environment need look no further than their own colours and flashy features of male birds show their
home. In its struggle to (17) ---- with the Kyoto prospective mates that they are fit and healthy. Now
Protocol of 1997 and reduce greenhouse gas research has (22) ---- the theory, by connecting the
emissions to (18) ---- 1990 levels, the EU (19) ---- to brightness of the beak colour in zebra finches (23) --
reduce energy consumption in the home. This is -- the health of their immune systems. The secret
(20) ---- surprising since the EU's 160 million (24) ---- chemicals called carotenoids. (25) ---- are
buildings are (21) ---- responsible for a staggering the red and yellow pigments found in the beaks of
40% of all energy consumed by its 15 states. (26) ---- species, including male zebra finches and
black birds.
17.
A) coincide 22.
B) agree A) determined
C) augment B) disproved
D) compete C) reduced
E) comply D) exhausted
E) confirmed
18.
A) forward 23.
B) above A) into
C) behind B) with
D) below C) for
E) back D) over
E) through
19.
A) to have sought 24.
B) would seek A) refers to
C) having sought B) belongs to
D) would be seeking C) leaves out
E) is seeking D) lies in
E) links with
20.
A) hardly 25.
B) nevertheless A) Some
C) more B) Such
D) indeed C) Any
E) just D) What
E) These
21.
A) nearly 26.
B) apparently A) which
C) therefore B) both
D) likely C) certain
E) permanently D) the
E) a

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. Charlie Chaplin, ----, always wore a black
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. bowler hat and carried a cane.

A) as Limelight is the best known of his films

27. English and German are widely spoken in
B) that he acted and directed
Denmark , ----.
C) in which the films were both tragic and
comic
A) so visitors should have few problems in
D) which was right at the beginning of cinema
making themselves understood
history
B) whereas it is best known for its 20th century
E) who was a popular film star in the time of
design and craftsmanship
the silent movies
C) as Danish is similar to Norwegian and
Swedish
32. Although play and exploration can be
D) just as there are some differences in
differentiated conceptually, ----.
meaning and pronunciation
E) although in 1972, Denmark became the first
A) we must remember that true play is
Scandinavian country to join the European
generative and transformational with new
Community
ideas and thoughts
B) previous research, on the other hand, has
28. The World Bank refers to all low- and middle
revealed some important differences
income countries as developing countries ---
C) exploration is a stimulus-related behaviour
-.
that is concerned with acquiring information
D) it is often difficult to tell when a child is
A) while high-income countries generate 80
playing and when he is exploring
per cent of global production
E) most psychologists focus on the emotional
B) as if they are also known as emerging
development of children
countries
C) since the developing countries include
33. Because Iceland is ethnically homogeneous,
different types of countries
----, each of which consists of a number of
D) if some of them, especially those in Africa,
ethnic groups.
are not making much progress
E) even though it recognizes that not all
A) it has a society that is strictly attached to its
developing countries are alike
traditions
B) it is one of several Scandinavian countries
29. Man is always being confronted with new
C) it is different from most European countries
problems----.
D) it consists of people from various ethnic
backgrounds
A) though he would have preferred to overlook
E) it attaches great importance to equality
them
between different ethnic groups
B) that were building up slowly but steadily
C) which are largely the result of
34. If an industry is made up of perhaps 10 or
industrialization
20 firms which agree to restrict competition
D) so the information had to be verified first
between themselves, ----.
E) if suitable solutions can be suggested
A) such trade practices have been a common
30. One really ought to visit Singapore soon, ----
feature of the business world
.
B) many of these practices have been declared
illegal
A) before all signs of its past have disappeared
C) then we have a monopoly situation
B) if the old and the new still existed side by
D) in most countries they are now subject to
side
legal control
C) that many of its buildings have already been
E) it might be interesting to look at some of the
restored
practices followed in the West
D) until the Orchid Garden was reopened
E) as there was excellent seafood to be found
in its many restaurants

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35. Music in Paris night clubs tends to follow 38. A historic step was taken in 1948 with the
the trends set in the US and Britain, ----. Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
which proclaims the universality of human
A) if they also host African, Brazilian and other rights.
groups
B) since big jazz festivals are held right A) 1948’de ilan edilen ve insan haklarının
through the year evrenselliğini kabul eden İnsan Hakları
C) whether opera and classical music are also Evrensel Beyannamesi tarihî bir adımdır.
performed B) 1948’de, İnsan Hakları Evrensel
D) just as there are numerous first-class clubs Beyannamesi’ nin yayımlanması sayesinde,
in the city insan haklarının evrenselliği konusunda
E) but home-grown groups playing French pop tarihî bir adım atılmıştır.
are also popular C) İnsan haklarının evrenselliği konusunda
1948 yılında atılan tarihî adım, İnsan
36. Rabies is a deadly disease ----. Hakları Evrensel Beyannamesi’nin ilanıdır.
D) İnsan Hakları Evrensel Beyannamesi,
A) unless dogs don’t carry it into people’s 1948’de atılmış olan tarihî bir adımla insan
homes haklarının evrenselliğini ilan etmiştir.
B) if it is made available at many medical E) İnsan haklarının evrenselliğini ilan eden
centres İnsan Hakları Evrensel Beyannamesi’yle
C) after the birth of a child has been recorded 1948’de tarihî bir adım atılmıştır.
D) that can be transmitted from animals to
people 39. Today, scientists know that human beings
E) since all illnesses need to be treated quickly learn at an astonishing rate during the first
few months after birth.
37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe A) Günümüzde bilim adamları, insanların
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi doğumdan sonraki ilk birkaç ay boyunca
bulunuz. şaşırtıcı bir hızda öğrendiklerini biliyorlar.
B) Günümüz bilim adamları, insanların
37. Economists, like other social scientists, are doğumlarından sonraki birkaç ay içindeki
sometimes confronted with the assertion öğrenme hızlarını şaşırtıcı buluyorlar.
that their discipline is not a science. C) Günümüz bilim adamlarına göre, insanların
doğumdan hemen sonraki aylardaki
A) Diğer sosyal bilimciler gibi, ekonomistler de öğrenme hızları şaşırtıcıdır.
zaman zaman kendi alanlarının bir bilim D) İnsanların doğumdan sonraki birkaç ay
olmadığı iddiasıyla karşı karşıya kalırlar. içinde hızlı öğrenmeleri, günümüz bilim
B) Ekonomistler ve diğer sosyal bilimciler adamlarını şaşırtıyor.
zaman zaman alanlarının bir bilim olmadığı E) Günümüzde bilim adamları, insanların
şeklinde bir iddiayla karşılaşırlar. öğrenme hızlarının doğumdan sonraki
C) Ekonomistler gibi sosyal bilimciler de bazen birkaç ay boyunca çok şaşırtıcı olduğunu
kendi alanlarının bir bilim alanı olmadığı biliyorlar.
iddialarıyla karşılaşabilirler.
D) Diğer sosyal bilimciler kadar ekonomistlerin
de zaman zaman karşı karşıya kaldığı
iddia, alanlarının bir bilim alanı olmadığıdır.
E) Alanlarının bir bilim alanı olmadığı
iddiasıyla bazen diğer sosyal bilimciler gibi
ekonomistler de karşılaşırlar.

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40. Evrenin sakinleri olarak, ışığın ilk kaynağının 42. Göğüs kanseri hakkındaki korkunun bir
nasıl oluştuğunu, hayatın nasıl meydana kısmı, bu hastalığın tehlikelerine ilişkin
geldiğini ve bu çok büyük boşlukta akıllı yanlış bilgiye ve yanlış anlamaya
varlıklar olarak bizim yalnız olup dayanmaktadır.
olmadığımızı merak etmekten kendimizi
alamayız. A) There is so much misinformation as well as
misunderstanding about the risks of breast
A) How the first light was formed, how life cancer that it has led to a great deal of fear
started, and whether we are the only about this disease.
intelligent beings in this huge emptiness are B) There is so much misinformation as well as
the questions that, as inhabitants of the misunderstanding about the risks of breast
universe, we cannot keep ourselves from cancer that it has led to a great deal of fear
asking. about this disease.
B) As inhabitants of the universe, we cannot C) The risks of breast cancer are such that
help wondering how the first source of light misinformation and misunderstanding about
formed, how life came into existence and this disease have been the cause of much
whether we are alone as intelligent beings fear.
in this vast emptiness. D) Some of the fear about breast cancer is
C) As this universe’s only intelligent based on misinformation and
inhabitants, it is up to us to ask questions misunderstanding concerning the risks of
such as how the first light source was this disease
formed, how life on Earth started, and how E) Breast cancer involves various risks, but
we came to inhabit a tiny planet in this vast some of the fear about this disease mainly
emptiness. derives from misinformation and
D) As inhabitants of this universe, we cannot misunderstanding concerning it.
help asking such pressing questions as
how the first light source was formed, how
life started, and whether there are other
intelligent beings living in this vast
emptiness.
E) Being inhabitants of the vast emptiness that
is our universe, we cannot help wondering
how light was formed, how life started, and
whether we are quite alone as intelligent
beings in the universe.

41. Çoğu oyunda, bize sunulan dünya ne denli

gerçek dışı olursa olsun, bizden onu geçici
olarak gerçek dünya gibi görmemiz beklenir.

A) In a variety of plays, the world presented to

us may be unreal, but it is expected that, at
least temporarily, we take it for the real
world.
B) In most plays, however unreal may be the
world presented to us, we are expected to
regard it temporarily as the real world.
C) The world presented to us in most plays
may be unreal, even though we are
expected to consider it for some time to be
the real world.
D) In a number of plays, we are presented with
an unreal world, which is to be understood
by us, at least for a certain period, as the
real world.
E) We are expected temporarily to take for
real the unreal world which we see
presented in most plays.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 44. According to the passage, Riek and his
cevaplayınız. colleagues plan to do more research on the
amyloid protein because ----.

Researchers are a step closer to understanding how

A) they want to determine the changes that
Alzheimer’s disease takes shape – literally. A sign
take place during fibril formation
of Alzheimer’s is the presence of protein aggregates
B) their model does not fully represent fibrils
in the brain known as plaques. They are made up of
as they exist in a patient’s brain
various lengths and conformations of the beta
C) there are questions about their previous
amyloid protein. The proteins link end to end,
research
forming long, threadlike structures called fibrils. Now
D) it is such a sticky molecule that it is difficult
biologist Roland Riek and his colleagues have
to work with
constructed a three-dimensional model of the fibrils
E) it is made up of various lengths and
based on their own experiments and earlier data
conformations of plaques
published by others. Riek says the model will help
investigators to understand protein structure, which
45. One example given in the passage of the
could lead to better targeted drugs. For example,
type of drug that could be developed using
molecules could be engineered to act as protein
Riek’s fibril model is ----.
binding partners, thus interfering with fibril
formation. Such a sticky molecule could also be
A) a drug that destroys the amyloid protein in
used to diagnose the disease early. The model work
the final stages of becoming a fibril
might lend insight to other neurological disorders
B) one containing molecules that bond with
that involve fibril formation, such as Parkinson’s
proteins in the brain, thus preventing fibril
disease. Riek says his group will extend the three-
formation
dimensional work to other variations of the amyloid
C) one that makes the molecules in the brain’s
protein, because it undergoes many conformational
protein aggregates extremely sticky
changes on its way to forming a fibril. “We need to
D) a drug that will show scientists the structure
try to trap them in these intermediate states”, he
of other variations of the amyloid protein
explains.
E) one that will encourage protein bonding in
the brain, and therefore promote fibril
formation
43. We understand from the passage that
Roland Riek’s model of fibrils ----.
46. It is pointed out in the passage that the
existence of plaques in the brain ----.
A) has already been extended to include other
variations of the amyloid protein
A) is an indicator of Alzheimer’s disease
B) has brought scientists no nearer to a cure
B) results from the conditions created by
for Alzheimer’s disease
Parkinson’s disease
C) may be used to better understand other
C) shows that no further research into protein
neurological disorders involving fibril
aggregates in the brain is necessary
formation
D) has been proven by the research of Riek
D) has made Alzheimer’s a fully curable
and his colleagues
disease
E) comes from a drug that interferes with fibril
E) is based entirely on research undertaken by
formation
his colleagues

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. According to the passage, one thing that
cevaplayınız. prevents witnesses from getting involved in
emergencies is ----.

In 1964, Kitty Genovese was murdered outside her

home in New York City late at night. She fought A) the fact that they are too busy
back, and the murder took over half an hour. At B) their distrust of the legal system
least 38 neighbours heard her screams for help, but C) their surprise and horror at the incident
nobody came to her aid. No one even called the D) their fear of the police
police. The American public was horrified by this E) the possibility of physical harm
incident, and social psychologists began to
investigate the causes of what at first was termed 50. It can be understood from the passage that
“bystander apathy”. Their work showed that “apathy” although Kitty Genovese cried out for help
was not a very accurate term, however. It is not when she was attacked, ----.
simple indifference that prevents bystanders from
intervening in emergencies. First, there are realistic
deterrents such as physical danger. Second, getting A) the police arrived too late to help
involved may mean lengthy court appearances or B) the American public disregarded the
other entanglements. Third, emergencies are incident
unpredictable and require quick, unplanned action; C) none of her neighbours helped her
few of us are prepared for such situations. Finally, D) her neighbours put themselves in danger
one risks making a fool of oneself by misinterpreting trying to help her
a situation as an emergency when it is not. E) her neighbours had to appear in court
Researchers concluded that “the bystander to an because they did nothing to help her
emergency situation is in an unenviable position. It
is perhaps surprising that anyone should intervene
at all”.

47. According to the passage, Kitty Genovese’s

murder is an example of what was at first
called ----.

A) a realistic deterrent
B) quick, unplanned action
C) court entanglements
D) misinterpretation of a situation
E) bystander apathy

48. It is clear from the passage that ----.

A) whenever a person tries to offer help in an

emergency, other bystanders will think he is
foolish
B) all people intervening in emergencies must
testify in court
C) the American public likes to get involved in
emergencies
D) there are so many obstacles to intervening
in an emergency that most people are
unwilling to do so
E) simple indifference prevents most
bystanders from intervening in emergencies

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. One similarity between spores and seeds
cevaplayınız. pointed out in the passage is that ----.

The primary means of reproduction and dispersal A) both of them are self-sufficient
for Earth’s most successful plants is seeds, which B) they can both stay alive for a very long
develop from the female gametophyte and its time, waiting for a good time to germinate
associated tissues. Seed plants show the greatest C) their plants both thrive in terrestrial
evolutionary complexity in the plant kingdom and environments
are the dominant plants in most terrestrial D) they are both protected by a hard covering
environments. Seeds are reproductively superior to E) they both have multicellular structures
spores for three main reasons. First, a seed
contains a multicellular, well-developed young plant
with embryonic root, stem, and leaves already 54. It is clear from the passage that ----.
formed, whereas a spore is a single cell. Second, a
seed contains a food supply. After germination, the
plant embryo is nourished by food stored in the A) the food stored in seeds can serve to
seed until it becomes self- sufficient. Because a germinate plants, but not to nourish animals
spore is a single cell, few food reserves exist for the B) seeds and seed plants have been
plant that develops from a spore. Third, a seed is intimately connected with the development
protected by a resistant seed coat. Like spores, of human civilization
seeds can live for extended periods of time at C) plants coming from seeds are more
reduced rates of metabolism, germinating when commonly found than those coming from
conditions become favourable. spores
D) flowering plants are extremely diverse
E) the ovules contained in some seeds are
protected while those in others are not

51. It can be understood from the passage that

----.

A) seeds cannot be dispersed as easily as

spores
B) spores, like seeds, develop from a plant’s
female gametophyte and its associated
tissues
C) spores contain an adequate food supply
within their single cell
D) spores are a better method of plant
reproduction than seeds
E) seeds are much more complex in structure
than spores

52. The passage, as a whole, ----.

A) shows the superiority of seeds to spores as

a reproductive method for plants
B) focuses on spores and their advantages as
a reproductive method for plants
C) describes the evolutionary complexity of
seeds
D) stresses the similarities between seeds and
spores
E) explains the differences in nourishment
between seeds and spores

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. Before he took over the running of BBC4,
cevaplayınız. Roly Keating ----.

A) was involved in commercial TV enterprises

BBC4, a comparatively new TV channel, has a
B) was criticized because his programmes
character of its own. From the start it aimed to be “a
were too intellectual and too serious
place to think”, and it was always designed as
C) was a severe critic of the BBC1 channel
something “that the commercial market would never
D) had taken a firm stand against the trend to
do”, says Roly Keating, its controller and formerly
let ratings dictate programming
head of arts at the BBC. Its first week’s schedule
E) was arts director at the BBC
indeed verged on a parody of non-commercial TV,
with township opera from South Africa and a
58. According to the passage, the programmes
performance by a Senegalese singer in a London
BBC4 has to offer ----.
church hall. A top-rated show will typically draw
some 50,000 viewers – almost negligible in
A) rarely come up to expectations
television terms. Yet that narrow appeal makes
B) are varied, unusual and thought-provoking
BBC4 a model of what a publicly financed
C) are mostly news programmes and London-
broadcaster ought to do. It has roamed into territory
orientated
where its ratings-driven sister channel, BBC1,
D) are attracting very large numbers of
seldom dares to tread. Despite a tiny 35m budget, it
viewers constitute a close rival for BBC1 as
boasts an intelligent prime-time talk show and a
regards ratings
world news programme so internationally minded
that its London provenance is barely visible. BBC4
may wear its gravity a little too heavily at times, but
it supplies a variety and thoughtfulness unavailable
on prime time BBC1. The more the other BBC
channels chase the ratings, and the more that BBC4
refuses to be dictated to by them, the more the
channel looks like a model for what BBC television
could look like.

55. It is clear from the passage that, since BBC4

is publicly financed, it ----.

A) has to give viewers the kind of programmes

they want
B) has a large budget with which to work
C) is under no pressure to attract large
numbers of viewers
D) is under an obligation to offer a great
variety of programme
E) is often severely criticized for the
subjectivity of its news programmes

56. In the passage, BBC1 is described as being

“ratings-driven”; this means ----.

A) it is obliged to put on popular programmes

B) its appeal is a very narrow one
C) it sees BBC4 as its greatest rival
D) it feels very secure and can take risks
E) it never experiments or tries out a new type
of programme

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. The passage makes it clear that the public,
cevaplayınız. particularly in large cities, ----.

A) believes that homeless mentally ill

The increasing visibility of homeless mentally ill
individuals should be reinstitutionalized only
individuals, particularly in large cities, has aroused
if they have previously attacked someone
public concern and prompted a move toward
B) fears being attacked by a homeless
reinstitutionalization. However, an important ethical
mentally ill person having a psychotic
issue is involved. If such people are not readjusting
episode
to society, should they be involuntarily committed to
C) wants to help homeless mentally ill
a mental hospital? One of the most cherished civil
individuals readjust to society
rights in a democratic society is the right to liberty. It
D) fears that they themselves may become
is essential that any action toward commitment
mentally ill if they are approached by a
safeguard this right. Some experts believe that legal
mentally ill individual
action is warranted only if a person is potentially
E) thinks that it is wrong to hospitalize any
dangerous to others. The rare, but highly publicized,
person against his will
occasions when a mentally ill person experiencing a
psychotic episode attacks an innocent bystander
62. It can be understood from the passage that
have generated fears for public safety. But
some mental health professionals believe
dangerousness is difficult to predict. Studies have
that ----.
shown that mental health professionals are poor at
predicting whether a person will commit a
A) mentally ill individuals should be moved out
dangerous act. Moreover, the legal system is
of large cities into the countryside
designed to protect people from preventive
B) the legal system should be changed to
detention.
allow preventive detention of homeless
mentally ill individuals
C) the best way to protect society is to help the
59. The passage is mainly concerned with ----.
mentally ill readjust to mental hospitals
D) mentally ill individuals should be
A) the ethical question of whether it is right to
reinstitutionalized only if there is a potential
move homeless mentally ill people into
for them to harm others
mental hospitals against their will
E) all mentally ill individuals should be in
B) the dangers of releasing mental patients
institutions, even if they may not commit a
back into society
dangerous act
C) the difficulty that mental health
professionals have in predicting violent
behaviour in mentally ill patients
D) the fact that the legal system is designed to
protect people from preventive detention
E) the psychotic episodes experienced by
some mentally ill individuals

60. It is pointed out in the passage that it may

be difficult to involuntarily reinstitutionalize
mental patients who have been released into
society because ----.

A) they may suffer a psychotic episode

B) they may be dangerous to themselves or
others
C) the legal system was made to protect
people’s freedom
D) they are not able to readjust to living in
society
E) it is first necessary to apprehend and
sedate them

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Robert :- Like most people, you probably
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi think that the billions of dollars poured by the
bulunuz. West into fighting diseases in poor countries
have produced only good results.
Tom :- Of course, I do. For one thing,
63. Martha :- It has been stated that
it’s well-known that millions of people are alive
schizophrenia is a major public health problem
today because of the coordinated distribution of
throughout the world.
HIV drugs in developing countries.
Colleague :- Yes, I’ve read somewhere that
Robert :- ----
schizophrenia is more prevalent than
Tom :- That’s a serious issue that
Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, or multiple
needs to be addressed.
sclerosis.
Martha :- ----
A) The World Health Organization has been
Colleague :- Well, what makes a person
overseeing disease-elimination
vulnerable to schizophrenia isn’t known, but
programmes that are making excellent
may include genetic predisposition.
progress.
B) You’re absolutely right. In fact, funding for
A) In fact, as a serious mental disorder, it is
health support in poor countries has
characterized by loss of contact with reality.
increased enormously in recent years.
B) However, over longer periods, the
C) That’s true; but there’s a minus side, too:-
prognosis of schizophrenia varies.
all that money has undermined some
C) I strongly believe that it is to do with a
countries’ health systems by luring doctors
person’s genes.
and nurses away from hospitals to work for
D) Clearly, the severity and types of symptoms
Western organizations.
can vary significantly.
D) What’s more, in 2000, there was a
E) It is true that schizophrenia is associated
worldwide reaction of outrage over the
with about 10 per cent risk of suicide.
situation in Africa, where many were dying
of AIDS because of the unavailability of HIV
64. George :- This summer, I spent my holiday
drugs there.
in Spain. I was particularly impressed by
E) Don’t you know that an investigative report
Madrid.
on the impact of all that money on hospitals
Mark :- I am sure you were. While there,
and clinics in the poorer countries has just
you must have found time enough to visit the
been published?
Prado Museum.
George :- ----
66. Jerry :- Have you heard that South
Mark :- Originally, all these paintings,
Korean scientists recently cloned a pit bull
especially the major works of Velásquez and
terrier for its American owner?
Goya, were in the royal collection.
Sarah :- Yes, and the owner paid $25,
000 for five genetically identical copies.
A) Of course, certainly, because it houses the
Jerry :- ----
world’s greatest collection of Spanish
Sarah :- Never, even if it were for free!
paintings from the 12th to the 19th
centuries.
A) Would you be willing to pay that much
B) Actually, the origins of the city date back to
money for cloned copies of your pet?
A.D. 852, when the Moors built a fortress
B) Have you ever seen a cloned animal?
near the Manzanares river.
C) Would you consider having your cat cloned,
C) In fact, it was under the Habsburgs that the
if you had the chance?
city acquired some of its most notable
D) Have you ever thought about the ethical
landmarks, including its splendid palaces.
implications of cloning animals?
D) Let me tell you that the museum was
E) Do you regard the cloning of animals for
designed in 1719 by the royal architect
research purposes as acceptable?
Juan de Villanueva.
E) In Spanish culture, the 18th century was an
era of French influence, following the
Bourbon accession to the Spanish throne.

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67. Sharon :- I need a memory card that is 69. My brother’s work involves a great deal of
compatible with my laptop. travel, so we don’t get to see him very often.
Shop Assistant :- ----
Sharon :- I think two gigabytes will be A) I wish we could see my brother more often,
enough to store all my files. but he always seems to be away on
Shop Assistant :- Then I suggest this one. It business.
has the memory volume you want, and it is B) My brother is sometimes away on business,
quite user-friendly. so we can’t see him then.
C) We aren’t often able to see my brother as
A) Do you have enough money for a two- he has to travel a lot on business.
gigabyte card? D) Even if my brother didn’t travel so much, we
B) What is the operating system on your probably wouldn’t see him very often.
laptop? E) When he isn’t away on business, we do
C) How much memory capacity do you need? manage to see my brother quite often.
D) Where do you store your files?
E) What do you think about this memory card? 70. Whenever I meet her she is full of
complaints about how unfairly she is treated
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en by the supervisor.
yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
A) I never see her but she’s complaining about
68. In relation to the size of the population, the the unfair treatment she receives at the
commerce of the mainland colonies of America hands of the supervisor.
at this time was unusually large. B) I’m tired of listening to her complaints about
the harsh treatment of the supervisor
A) At this period, the commercial activities of the towards her.
mainland colonies of America were C) When we come together, she always talks
considerable even though the population was about her supervisor’s attitude towards her.
increasing only slowly. D) Whenever she comes to me it’s to
B) Since the population of the mainland colonies denounce the supervisor for treating her so
of America at this time was small their trading harshly.
activities were comparatively large. E) When I was there it didn’t seem right to
C) Considering how small the population of the criticize the behaviour of the supervisor
mainland colonies of America was at this time, towards her.
the variety of their trading activities was quite
surprising. 71. His career took off to a brilliant start, but
D) If the size of the population is taken into since then his record hardly seems
consideration, the trading activities of the deserving of mild praise, let alone glory.
mainland colonies of America in this period
were remarkably extensive. A) His career record has not lived up to his
E) The commerce of the mainland colonies of early promise, so he really does not merit
America at this time increased as quickly as either our approval or our praise.
the population increased. B) His career began with a stunning success,
but then he did nothing to earn either the
praise or the approval he now receives.
C) In spite of his early promise, his career
record shows nothing deserving of the
special praise or glory he seems to expect.
D) He was amazingly successful at the start of
his career but afterwards he has done
nothing to merit even a moderate amount of
approval and certainly not renown.
E) Had his career record been in line with the
brillant start he made, he would most
certainly have earned high honours and
great renown.

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72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. Antidepressants are becoming quite popular
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek around the world. Americans take more
cümleyi bulunuz. antidepressants than they do any other type
of prescription drug, and pregnant women
are no exception. One out of every eight
72. The body's tendency to reject organ
pregnant women in the United States takes
transplants, attacking them as if they were
antidepressants to treat depression and
dangerous foreign invaders, is a well known
other mood disorders. ----. Nevertheless,
process. However, more prevalent are auto
most doctors argue that the benefits these
immune diseases, in which the body's
drugs provide still outweigh the potential
immune cells attack its own tissues. Auto
risks.
immune diseases can effect a variety of
organs. ----. According to statistics,
A) A group of Danish doctors found that
conditions like these affect more than 50
women who take antidepressants are more
million people in the United States.
likely to give normal births.
B) According to some clinical pharmacologists,
A) A healthy person's immune system is able
untreated depression increases the risk of
to draw a clear line between the body's own
prematurity.
tissues and the invaders!
C) Doctors have to distinguish between real
B) These malfunctions can result in one of
depression and just sadness and feeling
more than 80 known conditions including
down.
lupus, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory
D) Many women who take antidepressants
bowel disease.
have not been diagnosed with clinical
C) The perfect immune modulating drug would
depression.
target only the part of the system causing
E) A handful of recent studies suggest that
the problem.
these drugs could have adverse effects on
D) The ability to reprogram the immune
infant health.
system is one of the most sought after
goals in medicine.
E) Immune researchers have been working on
a biological defence system that's
comparable to the world's greatest military.

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74. ---- Even Immanuel Kant singled out smell as 75. The basic unit of all living organisms is the
the sense that was 'most dispensable' cell. Most animals and plants contain
because 'the pleasure coming from the trillions of the mand are called multicellular.
sense of smell cannot be other than However, life forms, such as bacteria, which
temporary.' However, scents can be a are composed of just one, are called
significant source of information and over unicellular. Cells are made up of protein
evolutionary time, the human nose has material and are the fundamental machines
developed to identify numerous scents vital of biology, within which all the processes
to survival. The importance of smell has responsible for sustaining life take place:
recently been recognized, and over the past energy production, tissue growth,
few decades, researchers and engineers homeostasis and hormone production. ----
have created increasingly sophisticated
electronic systems to detect and identify A) However, the cell theory of biology was first
numerous odours to augment the biological put forward in 1839 by German biologists
restrictions of the human nose. Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor
Schwann.
A) For many human beings, a good sense of B) Furthermore, each kind of cell has a
smell might not seem to be a desirable trait particular function determined by the
like sharp eyesight or hearing. enzymes within it.
B) Olfactory receptors that bind odorants and C) Thus, a class of microorganisms called
initiate nerve signalling, at first glance, protozoa have two nuclei.
appear to respond in a very nonspecific D) On the other hand, male sperm cells and
way female egg cells contain only one copy of
C) Advances in artificial nose design have each chromosome
increased the number of different E) In fact, microbiology is the study of
mechanisms since 1982. organisms that are too small to be seen
D) The sense of smell has long been with the naked eye.
considered to be more important than the
other senses.
E) There exists widespread consensus that,
without a sense of smell, human beings 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
would not have been able to survive. okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

76. (I) Identifying bacteria is a critical business for

doctors and food safety experts, but involves
either culturing the bacteria until there are
enough to look at under a microscope or
amplifying the bacteria’s DNA.(II) Both these
processes take hours, sometimes days. (III)
The sensor is 25 times smaller than previously
tested sensors, and is made of silicon, soit
requires the same fabrication technique as
computer chips and costs just eight cents. (IV)
Now bacteriophages, the viruses that prey on
bacteria and are notoriously choosy about
which species they attack, are being put to work
in an electrical sensor that detects bacteria
within minutes. (V) The sensors take up less
than a square millimetre each, so to identify
unknown bacteria, hundreds could be
integrated onto a single microchip with a
different bacteriophage in each sensor.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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77. (I) More people than ever before live in areas 80. (I) Scientists hoping to show that Chopin died
vulnerable to natural disasters. (II) For average from cystic fibrosis, and not tuberculosis as is
citizens, this research translates to better widely believed, have been refused permission
preparedness when faced with the unexpected. to prove theory with tests on the composer’s
(III) Over a billion people live under the shadow heart.(II) When researchers at Warsaw’s
of the world’s 1, 900 active volcanoes, yet only Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology asked for
a few of these volcanoes are adequately access to the heart, which has been preserved
monitored. (IV) Accurate weather forecasting is in alcohol since his death in 1849, the Polish
the best defense against hurricanes, but landfall government said, 'No'.(III) When Poland
predictions remain inaccurate by an average of emerged from under Soviet domination, the
70 miles, and many hurricane warnings go people were expecting a new era of accessible
unheeded. (V) Tsunamis can form too quickly government to begin. (IV) Their goal was to
for an official warning, but recognizing the demonstrate that this hereditary disorder need
immediate signs, such as a rapidly receding not be a barrier to achieving greatness. (V) But
ocean, can give people precious minutes to much to their disappointment, Chopin remains
reach safety. unavailable for scientific research, at least for
the time being.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
78. (I) Volcanic eruptions in populated regions are a
significant threat to people, property, and
agriculture.(II) The danger is mostly from fast-
moving hot flows of explosively erupted
materials, falling ash, and highly destructive
flows of lava and volcanic debris.(III) On the
contrary, they can also be rich in natural
resources, especially with the materials that
they erupt. (IV) In addition, explosive eruptions,
even from volcanoes in unpopulated regions,
can eject ash high into the atmosphere, posing
a danger to distant populations. (V) Such
explosions also create drifting volcanic ash
clouds that represent a serious hazard to
airplanes.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) The coming convergence of biology and

engineering will be led by information
technologies, which in medicine means the
digitization of medical records and the
establishment of an intelligent network for
sharing those records. (II) That essential reform
will enable many other big technological
changes to be introduced throughout the health-
care sector. (III) Just as important, it can make
personal medical information available to the
patients too, enabling them to make decisions
related to their own health. (IV) Technology in
general is advancing so quickly that many
people believe it will improve the quality of life
significantly. (V) However, many doctors, and
some patients, believe that patients lack the
knowledge to make informed decisions about
their own health.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 49 6. Roughly one in a thousand of the three

billion DNA letters that ---- the human
genome differs between any two given
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere individuals.
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) break into
1. In a part of the world where tourism and B) give in
agriculture form the economic base, the C) keep up
protection of ecosystems is ---- to the D) make up
region’s development. E) put on

A) disposable 7. The United States ---- expensive high-tech

B) crucial solutions to the problem of land-mine
C) sustainable clearance, but simpler methods ---- more
D) compulsive preferable.
E) trivial
A) should pursue / were
2. When the euro was ---- on 1 January 1999, it B) pursues / had been
was the first time since the Roman Empire C) pursued / will have been
that Europe had a single currency. D) would pursue / would have been
E) has pursued / may be
A) ensured
B) discovered 8. Doctors who had been studying longevity ---
C) stamped - an assortment of genes that ---- life span in
D) accelerated different organisms.
E) launched
A) will identify / had influenced
3. Losing a loved one is always painful, but for B) have identified / will be influencing
most people time ---- heals the wounds. C) identified / will have influenced
D) had identified / could influence
A) densely E) identify / could have influenced
B) excessively
C) eventually 9. Earthquake rupture ---- to occur by
D) casually enlargement of a crack, but more recent
E) cautiously observations ---- a“pulse-like” mode of
rupture enlargement.
4. The ---- of sunlight into electricity is
possible through the use of solar panels. A) had been thought / would be indicated
B) can be thought / had indicated
A) inversion C) was thought / will have indicated
B) conversion D) has been thought / indicate
C) refinement E) must be thought / may have indicated
D) rotation
E) compression 10. Recent evidence ---- that dinosaurs ---- warm
blooded and capable of moving extremely
5. In some cities in the United States, traffic fast.
lights ---- distinctive sounds so that a blind
person will know when it is safe to cross an A) has suggested / can be
intersection. B) will suggest / would be
C) suggested / should have been
A) set up D) suggests / may have been
B) give off E) had suggested / might be
C) show off
D) get out
E) make up

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11. Most patients want to know even bad 16. Bleeding after oral surgery can usually be
prognoses, but ---- a physician tells a given stopped ---- keeping steady pressure ---- the
patient should be determined primarily by surgical site for the first hour.
the patient, not the physician.
A) for / to
A) how long B) in / to
B) how many C) with / up
C) how often D) by / on
D) how much E) from / of
E) how few

12. It was not obvious to scientists what the

solution would be to the cosmic radiation
astronauts are exposed to; ---- was it
obvious that there would be any solution at
all.

A) either
B) so
C) and
D) but
E) nor

13. Ten percent of the population is allergic to

thimerosol, ---- the health of millions of
babies and children worldwide is being
compromised.

A) if
B) so
C) while
D) unless
E) which

14. In child development, play and exploration

are similar ---- they are both intrinsically
motivated behaviours and not directed by
external goals.

A) on the other hand

B) whereas
C) otherwise
D) after
E) since

15. Philosophers have debated the relation ----

thought and emotions ---- at least two
millennia.

A) from / over
B) over / in
C) between / for
D) in / by
E) through / to

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

New techniques are constantly being pioneered to Nuclear energy is now making a serious comeback.
improve the accuracy of doctors performing surgery. The design (22) ---- of the new nuclear reactors
During operations (17) ---- is absolutely vital and have taken a huge step forward. (23) ---- being safer
technology is increasingly involved in a surgeon's and less (24) ---- to terrorism than current nuclear
work. One example is a new operating microscope plants, the new reactor (25) ---- double duty; it has
which (18) ---- for use in brain surgery. This to generate electricity and produce hydrogen which
microscope can be used to project an image of the is the probable automobile fuel (26) ---- the future.
deeper areas of the brain (19) ---- the surface that
the surgeon is working on; it (20) ---- gives him a 22.
detailed and accurate map of (21) ---- incisions must A) delays
be made. B) complexities
C) facilities
17. D) requirements
A) liability E) replacements
B) distinction
C) apprehension 23.
D) retention A) Even so
E) precision B) On the other hand
C) As regards
18. D) In contrast
A) has been developed E) Besides
B) would be developed
C) will have been developed 24.
D) had been developed A) vulnerable
E) was being developed B) impulsive
C) conducive
19. D) compulsive
A) by E) disruptive
B) at
C) from 25.
D) with A) had to do
E) onto B) must have done
C) must be done
20. D) must do
A) so E) would have to do
B) thus
C) only 26.
D) by far A) at
E) in accord B) to
C) with
21. D) over
A) where E) of
B) which
C) whose
D) whether
E) why

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. Although the cause ofReye’s syndrome is
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. unknown, ----.

A) most doctors are unaware of its effects

27. ---- that their food choices do not cause
B) people who take aspirin have an increased
animal suffering or widespread
risk of bleeding
environmental damage.
C) certain viruses, such as influenza A or B or
varicella virus, may be involved
A) Vegetarians proudly claim
D) the doctor would perform a liver biopsy and
B) Vegetarians have often been warned
spinal tap to diagnose it
C) Vegetarians flatly refuse to admit
E) no specific treatment can be proposed to
D) Vegetarians are disappointed
prevent it
E) Vegetarians are embarrassed
32. Some 200 tribal languages were in use in
28. Though she is in good health at 85 due to
Australia----.
her diet and daily exercising, ----.
A) when British settlers arrived there in the
A) her diet is balanced and her exercises are
eighteenth century
plentiful
B) although immigrant languages spoken are
B) she believes other elderly people in her
Italian, Turkish, Greek, Chinese, Arabic and
neighborhood are in much better shape
German
than she is
C) but multilingualism has been encouraged
C) her doctor says, “You will live to 100”
since the1970s
D) she doesn’t need to watch what she eats
D) even if they live in remote parts of the world
and does
E) that communication between tribes had
E) she does not often have to visit doctors for
been impossible
chronic medical conditions
33. Towards the end of the seventeenth century,
29. After the Space Age began, engineers
----, progress came to an end in the Ottoman
worked hard to figure out ----.
Empire.

A) until they sent a spaceship to the Moon

A) which were built by masters such as the
B) how to send people to the Moon
architectSinan
C) when the Space Age came to an end
B) which had a steady arrival of skilled
D) even if it was difficult to understand
craftsmen from the new territories of the
E) unless there could be life in space outside
empire
our planet
C) even though there will be few other changes
D) as the Ottomans began to lose their
30. Because Thailand and Indonesia are
technological advantage over Europe
geographically close to each other in East
E) since the Istanbul state had continued
Asia, ----.
spreading westwards

A) they can easily trade with each other

B) they are different from each other in many
ways
C) their economies showed a fast growth in the
1990s
D) they are both developing a hard-working
and well-educated workforce
E) the World Bank predicted that they would be
included in the world’s top ten economies by
2015

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34. One of the most important aspects of our 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
planet’s evolution is the formation of the anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
atmosphere, ----. cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz.
A) if continents and oceans, encircled by
anoxygen-rich atmosphere, support familiar
37. Many of us rush through life desperately,
life forms
moving from one activity to the next instead
B) although such constant change has
of enjoying every day.
characterizedEarth since its beginning some
4.5 billion years ago
A) Çoğumuz, bir eylemden öbürüne geçerek
C) whether understanding the carbon dioxide
hayat boyu koşturduğumuzdan her günün
content of the early atmosphere is crucial
tadını çıkartamayız.
for understanding climatic control
B) Çoğumuz, her günün tadını
D) because it is this assemblage of gases that
çıkaracağımıza, bir eylemden öbürüne
allowed life to come out of the oceans and
geçerek hayat boyunca çaresizce
to be sustained
koştururuz.
E) as continental shift has been altering the
C) Her günün tadını çıkartamayıp bir
face of Earth for nearly a billion years
eylemden öbürüne koşturan çaresizler
çoğunlumuzu oluşturur.
35. Traditionally, textbooks on British
D) Çoğumuz çaresizce koşturur dururuz
government and politics have focused on
çünkü her günün tadını çıkartmayı bilmeyiz
institutions and behavior ----.
ve işten işe koştururuz.
E) Hayatta çaresizce koşturmak her günün
A) whether it is appropriate to describe the
tadını çıkartmayı bilmeyen ve eylemden
British Constitution as uncodified rather than
eyleme koşturan çoğunluğumuzun yaptığı
unwritten
iştir.
B) in case political institutions and issues are
inseparable and need to be discussed
38. Whereas the freedom of the press in
together
America is guaranteed by the First
C) just as a brief analysis of the leading types
Amendment to the Constitution, the British
of government found in the modern world
press has never enjoyed such a right.
was left out
D) because one had to explore in detail the
A) Her ne kadar Birinci Anayasa Değişikliği ile
impact of Thatcherism upon British politics
Amerika’da basın özgürlüğü güvenceye
E) while ignoring the controversies and issues
kavuşturulmuş ise de, İngiliz basınının
which are the fundamentals of politics
böyle bir haktan yararlanması söz konusu
değildir.
36. There is a museum in the centre of Bristol ---
B) Amerika’da Birinci Anayasa Değişikliği
-.
sonucu basın özgürlüğünün tam bir
güvence altına alınmış olmasına karşın
A) as one wants to spend a pleasant morning
İngiliz basınının böyle bir hakka sahip
there
olması hiçbir zaman öngörülmemiştir.
B) that there are over 150 animal species
C) Basın özgürlüğü, Birinci Anayasa
C) as some of the strangest animals and plants
Değişikliği ile Amerika’da güvence altına
on earth are to be found there
alınırken, böyle bir hak İngiliz basını için
D) so one could learn more about the natural
hiçbir zaman gündeme gelmemiştir.
world
D) Amerika’da basın özgürlüğü, Birinci
E) which is home to a living rainforest
Anayasa Değişikliği ile güvence altına
alındığı halde, İngiliz basını hiçbir zaman
böyle bir hakka sahip olmamıştır.
E) İngiliz basınının hiçbir zaman sahip
olmadığı basın özgürlüğü hakkı,
Amerika’da Birinci Anayasa Değişikliği ile
kayıtsız şartsız güvence altına alınmıştır.

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39. The name “Protestant” was first given to 41. 1996‘da bir Güney Kore araştırma gemisi,
those who supported the cause of Martin Güney Korelilerin ―Dokdo, Japonların ise
Luther and who protested against the cruel ―Takeshima dedikleri bir grup adaya yakın
decisions of the Catholic Church. ihtilâflı sulara girerek Japonya‘nın öfkesine
yol açtı.
A) “Protestan” adı verilen ilk kişiler, Martin
Luther’in hareketini benimsiyor ve Katolik A) In 1996, a South Korean research vessel
Kilisesi’nin katı uygulamalarına aroused Japanese anger by entering
direniyorlardı. disputed waters near a group of islands
B) Martin Luther’in düşüncesini benimseyerek that the South Koreans call ―Dokdo‖ and
Katolik Kilisesi’nin acımasız the Japanese ―Takeshima‖.
uygulamalarına tepki gösterenlere, B) It was in 1996 that, when a South Korean
başlangıçta, “Protestan” adı verilmişti. research vessel entered disputed waters
C) Martin Luther’in görüşünü ilk kabul around a group of islands called ―Dokdo‖
edenlere ve Katolik Kilisesi’nin acımasız by the South Koreans and ―Takeshima‖
yaptırımlarına karşı koyanlara “Protestan” by the Japanese, the Japanese people got
adı veriliyordu. exceedingly angry.
D) “Protestan” adı, ilk kez, Martin Luther’in C) Upon the entry of a South Korean research
davasını destekleyen ve Katolik Kilisesi’nin vessel in 1996 into disputed waters
acımasız kararlarına karşı çıkanlara surrounding a group of islands which the
verilmiştir. South Koreans call ―Dokdo‖ and the
E) Gerek Martin Luther’in davasına arka Japanese ―Takeshima,‖ a great deal of
çıkanlara gerekse Katolik Kilisesi’nin anger was aroused among the Japanese
acımasız kararlarını eleştirenlere önceleri people.
“Protestan” adı veriliyordu. D) In 1996, the Japanese people were
angered since a South Korean research
40. Ukrayna, anayasaya dayalı demokrasi vessel had entered disputed waters near a
kurma yönünde sağladığı ilerlemeye karşılık group of islands called ―Dokdo‖ by the
olarak, 1995’te Avrupa Konseyi’ne kabul South Koreans, and ―Takeshima‖ by the
edildi. Japanese.
E) In 1996, disputed waters surrounding a
A) Ukraine, having made considerable group of islands, which the South Koreans
progress towards establishing a call ―Dokdo‖ and the Japanese
constitutionally-based democracy, was ―Takeshima,‖ were entered by a South
accepted into the Council of Europe in Korean research vessel, causing much
1995. anger in Japan
B) Because it had made tremendous progress
on its path to a constitutionally-based
democracy, Ukraine was accepted into the
Council of Europe in 1995.
C) Ukraine made tremendous progress
towards establishing a constitutionally-
based democracy after being accepted into
the Council of Europe in 1995.
D) Before its acceptance into the Council of
Europe in 1995, Ukraine had already made
recognisable progress towards establishing
a constitutionallybased democracy.
E) Ukraine was accepted into the Council of
Europe in 1995, in recognition of the
progress the country had made towards
establishing a constitutionally-based
democracy.

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

42. Uyku hapları, özellikle birkaç haftadan daha

uzun süre veya yüksek dozlarda düzenli
olarak kullanıldığında, bazı insanlarda
bağımlılığa neden olabilir.

A) When people take sleeping pills regularly

at particularly high doses for much longer
than one or two weeks, they become very
dependent on these medicines.
B) If sleeping pills are used regularly at high
doses for a few weeks or longer, some
people in particular can develop an
addiction to them.
C) Sleeping pills, especially when used
regularly for longer than a few weeks or at
high doses, can cause dependency in
some people
D) So long as sleeping pills are taken at very
high doses for several weeks or longer,
they can cause dependency in a number of
people.
E) Some people can be particularly addicted
to sleeping pills when used at high doses
or for much longer than several weeks.

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. By the words “conservation of number” in
cevaplayınız. the passage is meant ----.

The young child’s reliance on visual impressions is A) numbers should be used sparingly so as
made clear by an experiment on the conservation of not to run out of them
number. If two rows of checkers are matched one B) even when the members of a group move
for one against each other, young children will say, their places, the number of the members
correctly, that the rows have the same number of remains constant
checkers. If the checkers in one row are brought C) every child should learn how to play
closer together to form a cluster, 5-year-olds say checkers
there are now more checkers in the straight row D) when the members of a group move their
even though no checkers have been removed. The places, the number of members may
visual impression of a long row of checkers change
overrides the numerical equality that was obvious E) the visual impression of a long row of
when the checkers appeared in matching rows. In checkers taking precedence over
contrast, 7- year-olds assume that if the number of numerical equality, at least for very young
objects was equal before, it must remain equal. At children
this age, numerical equality has become more
significant than visual impression.
46. According to the passage, the reason that 5-
year- olds say that there are more checkers
in a straight row than in a cluster with the
43. The passage is mainly concerned with ----.
same number is that they ----.

A) differences in counting ability between 5-

A) are trying to confuse the experimenter
and 7- year-old children
B) become confused when the experimenter
B) the game of checkers
moves the checkers
C) the fact that older children are better at
C) have a counting ability on the same level
playing checkers than younger children
with that of older children
D) an incorrect assumption made by most 7-
D) depend on the outward appearance of
year- olds
things to understand them
E) differences in perception between older
E) are frustrated with the experiment and
and younger children
unwilling to carry on

44. It can be inferred from the passage that,

while very small children depend more on
what they see to form a concept of their
environment, older children ----.

A) depend more on their intellect

B) never make a mistake when counting
objects
C) know that the experimenters are trying to
trick them
D) are more interested in their friends
E) have a better understanding of games

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. According to the passage, solid carbon
cevaplayınız. dioxide ----.

Carbon dioxide (CO2), like water and most other A) differs from liquid carbon dioxide in that it
pure substances, exists in solid, liquid, and gaseous has a less significant cooling effect
states and can undergo changes from one state to B) changes right away into the gaseous state
another. Solid CO2, however, has an interesting at -78°C, without first melting into the liquid
property: at normal pressures, it passes directly to form
the gaseous state without first melting to the liquid C) absorbs more heat than the liquid and
state. This property, together with the fact that this gaseous forms
change occurs at -78°C, makes solid CO2 useful for D) is the most common form carbon dioxide
keeping materials very cold. Because solid CO2 takes as a substance
cools other objects and does not leave a liquid E) has a wide range of properties that make it
residue, it is called “dry ice”. As for liquid CO2, it is suitable for various uses
obtained by putting carbon dioxide gas under
pressure. When liquid CO2 evaporates, it absorbs
large quantities of heat, cooling as low as -57°C. 50. One can conclude from the passage that
Because of this property, it is often used as a carbon dioxide ----.
refrigerant. If the compressed gas from the
evaporating CO2 liquid is allowed to expand through
a valve, the rapidly cooled vapour forms solid A) changes into a series of states only when it
carbon dioxide “snow”. This CO2 snow is is subjected to unusual levels of pressure
compacted into blocks and is the source of dry ice. B) is the most common substance used in the
production of dry ice
C) requires very high pressure in order to
change from one state to another
47. It is understood from the passage that liquid D) is a substance which, similar to water, can
carbon dioxide ----. be found in three different states
E) must be stored and used at very low
A) does not exist at normal pressures, but temperatures
becomes available by pressurizing CO2
gas
B) changes into the gaseous state at
temperatures ranging from -57°C to -78°C
C) does not have as many different uses as
the other states of CO2 have
D) is used widely in obtaining solid carbon
dioxide under high pressure
E) never stays stable but soon changes into
the solid state

48. It is clear from the passage that solid

carbon dioxide “snow” ----.

A) is the only form that solid CO2 usually

takes under normal pressures
B) is very effective in refrigeration if it is used
in large quantities
C) has almost the same properties as dry ice
although it leaves liquid residue on objects,
making it a poor regrigerant
D) is formed when the compressed gas
obtained from the evaporation of liquid
CO2 expands and, hence, rapidly cools
E) turns into liquid CO2 when it absorbs heat
and, consequently, melts

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. We understand from the passage that,
cevaplayınız. during the 1990s, ----.

A) there was a great deal of student unrest

Just as every teenager thinks he is brighter than his
B) capitalism again fell into disrepute
parents, every decade considers itself superior to the
C) technological advance took the form of
one that came before. Over the past few months, we
useful gadgets
of the 2000 decade have made it quite clear that we
D) teenagers grew very critical of their parents
are morally heads above those who lived in the
E) business tycoons received undue respect
1990s. We’ve done it first by establishing a reigning
and were indeed almost idolized
cliché for that period. Just as the 1960s are known
for student unrest, the 1980s for Reagan, Thatcher
54. One point made in the passage is that ----.
and the Yuppies, the 1990s will henceforth be known
as the second Gilded Age. They will be known as the
A) with each passing decade life gets easier
age when the real problems in the world were
and more comfortable
ignored while the illusions of the dotcom types were
B) any hopes of the 2000 decade are not
celebrated. It was the age of effortless abundance,
likely to survive the decade
cell phones on every ear, stock markets that only
C) the business magazines of this decade
went up and Mercedes sport utility vehicles. Never
differ very little from those of earlier
before had business leaders enjoyed so much
decades
prestige, and never before had capitalism had fewer
D) each new decade regards itself as superior
mortal enemies. Bill Gates couldn’t be on enough
to the previous one
business-magazine covers; tycoons like him felt free
E) the real problems of each decade are
to assume the role of global sages, writing books
essentially the same
with such weighty titles as “The Road Ahead.”

51. According to the passage, the decade of the

1990s was characterized by ----.

A) capitalism, blindness and possessions

B) hard-work, greed and the need to
communicate
C) indifference, immorality and selfishness
D) generosity, spontaneity and individuality
E) disagreements, competition and prejudice

52. In the opinion of the author of the passage,

the 2000 decade ----.

A) differs very little from the decade of Reagan,

Thatcher and the Yuppies
B) inherited a failing global economy from the
previous decade
C) is far more moral than the preceding one
D) still admires the values of the business
leaders of the 1990s and the books they
wrote
E) is fast losing its idealism and growing more
and more like previous decades

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. It can be inferred from the passage that
cevaplayınız. when Woo Suk Hwang announced that he
had cloned human embryonic stem cells, ----
.
Few recent papers in biology have received as
much praise as Woo Suk Hwang’s 2004 and 2005
A) it caused much excitement in the scientific
announcements of cloning human embryonic stem
world
cells – or fallen as fast into disrepute with the
B) he became a much-respected scientist,
discovery that they were rank fakes. Embryonic
and remains so to this day
stem cell (ESC) research is no less promising today
C) the results were immediately discredited by
than it was before Hwang’s deceit was revealed;
other scientists
most investigators continue to believe that it will
D) ESCs had already been derived from
eventually yield revolutionary medical treatments.
cloned human embryos
The fact that no one has yet derived ESCs from
E) his findings were independently confirmed
cloned human embryos simply means that the
by other researchers
science is less advanced than has been supposed
over the past two years. Still, Hwang has badly
58. We understand from the passage that the
undermined the reputation of a field that already has
majority of scientists in the field of
more than its share of political and public relations
embryonic stem cell research ----.
problems. Some longtime opponents of ESC
research will undoubtedly argue that Hwang’s lies
A) did not feel professionally embarrassed by
only prove that the investigators cannot be trusted
Woo Suk Hwang’s lie
to conduct their work ethically, and the public may
B) were surprised when Woo Suk Hwang’s
believe them.
findings were proven to be fake
C) think that Woo Suk Hwang’s false claims
prove that ESC research can never be
55. According to the passage, one of the
conducted ethically
problems caused by Woo Suk Hwang’s false
D) believe that they must deliver results
announcements of cloning embryonic stem
quickly, even if they have to falsify them to
cells is that ----.
do so
E) are of the belief that, in the end, ESC
A) the public may no longer trust scientists to
research will provide surprising new
conduct ESC research in an ethical
medical therapies
manner
B) ESC research has become less promising
today than it was in the past
C) political problems with ESC research now
exist where none had existed previously
D) ESCs will now probably never be derived
from cloned human embryos
E) scientists in other fields than ESC research
may feel that they, too, can falsify their
research findings to gain recognition

56. It can be concluded from the passage that,

during the past two years, ----.

A) Woo Suk Hwang has done much to further

the effort of ESC research
B) no further ESC research has been
conducted
C) ESC research has taken a lot of time and
money
D) many revolutionary treatments have been
developed as a result of ESC research
E) it has been thought that ESC research had
made further progress than it actually had

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. It is pointed out in the passage that the
cevaplayınız. performance of a play on the stage ----.

Because a play presents its action through actors, A) enables the audience to be more closely
its impact is direct, immediate, and heightened by involved
the actor’s skills. Instead of responding to words on B) has the same impact on the audience as
a printed page, the spectator sees what is done and that of the printed text
hears what is said. The experience of the play is C) depends much more on the director than
registered directly upon his senses. It may therefore on the actors for its success
be fuller and more compact. Where the work of D) can best be accomplished through close
prose fiction may tell us what a character looks like attention to the playwright’s instructions
in one paragraph, how he moves or speaks in a E) should not guide the way the audience
second, what he says in a third, and how his feels
auditors respond in a fourth, the acted play presents
this material all at once. Simultaneous impressions
are not separated. Moreover, this experience is 62. Clearly, the passage is mainly concerned
interpreted by actors who may be highly skilled in with ----.
rendering nuances of meaning and strong emotion.
Through facial expression, gesture, speech rhythm,
and intonation, they may be able to make a A) the techniques a director makes most use
speaker’s words more expressive than can the of in the staging of a play
reader’s unaided imagination. Thus, the B) the sense of immediacy and the intensity
performance of a play by skilled actors, expertly that a well-staged play offers
directed, gives the playwright a tremendous source C) the role of imagination in prose fiction and
of power. drama
D) the question of how a play can best be
performed
E) the relationship between the actors and the
59. It is clear from the passage that unlike a writer of a play
staged play, a work of prose fiction ----.

A) mainly focuses on character and action

B) is very effective in arousing the reader’s
emotions
C) allows no possibility of multiple
interpretation
D) makes much use of various literary devices
E) makes its impact slowly

60. It is emphasized in the passage that the

effectiveness of a play’s action ----.

A) disappears as soon as the performance is

over
B) is maintained only temporarily depending
on the audience
C) is largely created through facial expression
and the playwright’s skill
D) is increased both through skilled
performance and through professional
direction
E) can be further strengthened through
character analysis

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. James :- ----

bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi Robin :- What happened? Didn’t they
bulunuz. say they needed you for the new graduate
programme for the next semester?
James :- True. I talked about it with my
63. Sarah :- The book you are reading is
wife, but she just can’t dare to move to another
about Brazil, isn’t it? I know a little bit about this
city and start from zero.
country’s economy.
Robin :- I think she is absolutely right, as
Henry :- It is, indeed. It says, since 1930,
you currently hold the same position here in
successive governments have persistently
Glasgow.
pursued policies for economic growth and
Amazon area development.
A) The more applicants they’ve got for the
Sarah :- ----
programme, the more teaching staff they’ll
Henry :- That explains partly why by the
need in the coming years.
1990s Brazil has become one of the world’s
B) The department head held a meeting with
largest economies.
faculty members and said they wouldn’t be
accepting new graduate students.
A) Unfortunately, development has destroyed
C) Sooner or later, I will resign from my post
much of the ecosystem that has
in the department and apply to the
characterized the Amazon basin.
university for a teaching position.
B) This is not surprising, since Brazil has vast
D) Well, I suppose new faculty members will
natural resources and a huge labour force.
be hired because we’ve got more
C) Geographically, the north eastern region of
applicants this year than expected.
Brazil is semiarid scrubland, heavily settled
E) You know, I was intending to apply for an
and poor.
associate professorship post at another
D) However, it is true that today more than
university. I decided not to do so
one out of four Brazilians survive on less
than $1 a day.
66. Dr. Johnson:- Does your head ache?
E) Well, Brazil’s narrow coastal belt includes
Mr. Walker :- Yes, it really does. I have also
most of the major cities, of which Rio de
got a runny nose and a cough.
Janeiro is the most famous one.
Dr. Johnson:- Oh, dear, it sounds like the flu.
Mr. Walker :- ----
64. Dr. Jones :- Hello, this is Dr. Jones
Dr. Johnson:- No, I’m afraid not. Just drink
speaking. How can I help you?
plenty of fluids. Take an aspirin when needed
Patient :- Hello doctor. There’s a terrible
but no more than 3in a day. Rest as much as
pain in my stomach.
you can.
Dr. Jones :- ----
Patient :- I’m afraid that’s just impossible.
A) I have been taking antibiotics.
I can’t even get out of bed.
B) I thought I had a cold, but it has got worse.
C) I didn’t know that. What can I do to sleep at
A) It’s probably a good idea to rest and see
night?
how you feel in 24 hours
D) Is there anything you can give me?
B) I think it’s best if you made an appointment
E) That’s what I thought. Should I continue to
to come and see me.
drink a lot?
C) This is quite difficult to diagnose over the
telephone.
D) I hope someone is with you. It sounds quite
serious
E) Would it be better if I contacted one of our
local nurses to check on you?

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67. Student :- ---- 69. I do wish they could have planned the
Teacher :- Well, we need to cut down on journey so as to allow us a week in London.
the use of fossil energies and create new
sources of renewable energy such as wind, A) If only the travel arrangements had made it
solar energy and geothermal power. possible for us to spend a week in London.
Student :- Don’t you think that it’s too late B) We hoped they would rearrange the
to do anything about it now? programme to allow us a full week in
Teacher :- Not if we act now. The climatic London.
challenge of global warming is definitely linked C) Travel arrangements have been made so
to the energy challenge and whether we will be as to allow us a whole week in London.
able to replace the use of fossil fuels. D) They have arranged for us to travel to
London and spend a week there.
A) What can people do to stop global E) They plan to allow us a week in London if
warming? that’s what we wish.
B) Is there a level of energy consumption that
should not be exceeded? 70. International conventions have long been
C) What are the reasons for the energy crisis? prohibiting the use of chemical weapons
D) What kinds of energy do we consume during war, but how effective is this likely to
today? be?
E) Do you think global warming is a myth?
A) If various international bodies agreed to a
long-term ban on chemical warfare,
couldn’t the ban be put into effect?
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en B) Can such international bodies be relied
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. upon to ban effectively and in the long-term
the use of chemical weapons in time of
68. Reports about the ozone layer are as war?
maddeningly variable as the protective C) For many years now, chemical warfare has
shield itself. been banned by international agreement,
but can the ban be enforced?
A) Reports on the ozone layer and its D) How effective might the prohibition of
efficiency as a protective shield are chemical warfare be if it had the backing of
incredibly inconsistent. so many international bodies?
B) There is no consistency in the reports E) Over a period of very many years various
concerning the ozone layer and the international agreements have been drawn
protective shield itself, which is very up to prohibit the use of chemical weapons
embarrassing. in wartime, but they have hardly been
C) Reports on the ozone layer concentrate on effective, have they?
the irritating variability of the protective
shield.
D) The frustrating lack of consistency in
reports concerning the ozone layer
matches the state of the protective shield
itself.
E) The variability of the ozone layer is
reflected in the lack of consistency in
reports concerning its protective functions.

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71. I surely couldn’t have been expected to 73. Tornadoes are very dangerous whirlwinds
forgive him readily as this wasn’t the first that can cause terrible damage when they
time he’d tried to cheat me. strike. They often occur in the mid western
states of America on hot humid days where
A) It was only natural that I should have been warm, moist air is blowing from different
unwilling to forgive him as he had behaved directions. A tornado begins as a funnel
dishonestly towards me on other shaped cloud, which stretches down from
occasions. the base of a huge thunder cloud and
B) As he’d tried to cheat me on several rotates violently. ----. Powerful tornadoes
previous occasions, I felt I was right not to have been known to lift cars, destroy
forgive him this time. buildings and overturn trains.
C) It was impossible for me not to forgive him
even though he’d tried to deceive me A) As clouds vary in size and shape, cirrus
several times before. and cirrotype clouds occur at altitudes
D) I might have been willing to forgive him if above 7.500 metres.
this had been the first I’d caught him B) One of the safest places to be in a
cheating me. thunderstorm is a car.
E) Since this wasn’t the first time he’d C) Tornadoes can vary in size from just a few
attempted to deceive me I was obviously metres to 500 metres across.
not going to forgive him. D) When a huge thundercloud is observed,
people often panic and leave their homes.
E) Actually, lightning begins as a small spark
72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada in a thundercloud and then travels towards
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek the Earth.
cümleyi bulunuz.
74. At the beginning of every term, Harvard
72. The importance of diet in cancer prevention students are able to enjoy a one-week
is pointed out in many reports. Soya is an 'shopping period'. ----. There is a spirited
important component of a diet to prevent quality to this stretch, a sense of intellectual
breast cancer. Certain components in soya, possibility as students pop in and out of
the isoflavones, may affect the hormone lecture halls, grabbing syllabi and listening
receptors in a way that prevents cancer. ----. for twenty minutes or so before rushing
It has long been recognized, for example, away to other classes. It's quite an amazing
that Japanese women have a very low event and the atmosphere is truly
breast cancer risk. stimulating.

A) Soya can be consumed as soya milk, soya A) As soon as the 'shopping period' ends, the
sauce, or processed into textured fun of learning begins.
vegetable protein. B) They can sample as many courses as they
B) Isoflavones act through these receptors. like and thus prepare the most appropriate
C) There is much lower breast cancer rate in schedule.
those cultures eating a diet high in soya C) It is an exceptionally good setting for an act
protein. of political theatre.
D) Our diet should be full of whole grains, D) During this period they take notes in
fruits and vegetables. lectures for exams.
E) Soya bean, originally grown as a food crop E) It may be hard to get into Harvard, but it is
for animals, is increasingly used for human easy to get out without learning much.
consumption.

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75. At the time of their arrival in Europe, the 77. (I) The Anacostia River, which flows through
Huns did not acknowledge a single ruler but the heart of Washington, DC, is just one of
had several power-sharing kings who dozens of severely polluted rivers in the US. (II)
operated within a ranking system, with one It is contaminated with the molecular remnants
of their number recognized as senior king. of dyes, plastics, asphalt, and pesticides. (III)
To avoid overgrazing, the Huns needed to Recent tests have shown that up to 68% of the
be dispersed over a wide area and this led river’s brown bullhead catfish suffer from liver
to the formation of a developed power cancer. (IV) Water pollution comes from many
structure. In the 5th century, they began to sources, such as wastewater from textile and
abandon nomadic pastoralism and settle in pulp mills, agricultural waste, and residential
villages. ---- This made possible a process sewage. (V) Wildlife officials recommend that
of political centralization that led to Ruga anyone who catches the river’s fishtoss them
becoming sole king of the Huns in 432. back uneaten, and swimming has been
banned.
A) Loyalty wasn't always the first trait that a
king looked for in his followers at that time. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
B) Kings ruled with the support of a chosen
elite class, but the Huns were still deprived 78. (I) The global climate is changing as it always
of formal institutions of government has; species will go extinct as they always
C) The exact bounds of their conquests are have; other species will prosper. (II) Humans
not known and little is certain about the first may be influencing the change, but they didn’t
movements of the kings create the change. (III) Global warming is as
D) They became wealthy from raiding, dynamic as many other earthly processes. (IV)
collecting tribute from subject people and Of course it is important to monitor which
wages for mercenary service with the changes are being influenced by humans, but it
Roman armies. must be remembered that change is natural,
E) The Huns were horse archers, so they and Earth will continue to change no matter
rarely wore armour and relied on speed what humans may or may not do. (V) Humans
and manoeuvrability for protection. as a species must accept this, and figure out
how best to adapt to the change, not how to
control it.

76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. 79. (I) Water vapour is the most common
greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, accounting
76. (I) Britain’s character has been shaped by its for about 60 to 70per cent of the natural
geographical position as an island. (II) Never greenhouse effect.(II) Humans do not have a
successfully invaded since 1066, its people direct effect on watervapour levels in the
have developed their own distinctive atmosphere. (III) But human activities do
traditions.(III) Founded by the Romans in the increase the concentration of other greenhouse
first century A.D.as an administrative centre gases in the atmosphere, producing warmer
and trading port, London is the capital of the temperatures. (IV) Indeed, global warming has
country. (IV) This is also reflected in the now become one of the most passionately
country’s historical heritage of castles, argued issues of our time. (V) This results in an
cathedrals and stately homes. (V) Indeed, increase in the evaporation of oceans, lakes,
although today a member of the European and rivers, raising the amount of water vapour
Union, Britain continues to maintain its in the atmosphere.
nonconformity.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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80. (I) Any given place may have several different

ecosystems that vary in size and complexity.(II)
Humans benefit from these smoothly-
functioning ecosystems in many ways. (III) A
tropical island, for example, may have a rain
forest ecosystem that covers hundreds of
square miles, a swamp ecosystem along the
coast, and an underwater coral reef ecosystem.
(IV) No matter how the size or complexity of an
ecosystem is characterized, all ecosystems
exhibit a constant exchange of matter and
energy between the living and non-living
elements. (V) This constant exchange between
these elements makes ecosystems highly
interconnected.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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DENEME – 50 6. When someone chokes on food, it is

because the food has slipped into the air
passage and ---- breathing.
1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) given in
B) kept on
1. The interiors of planets are totally ----, so C) set out
what we know about them comes from D) switched off
indirect measurement and analysis. E) cut off

A) indicative 7. Included with the account of his journey

B) selective down the Amazon there ---- engaging stories
C) operative ---- by the unusual people he meets.
D) proportional
E) inaccessible A) have been / recounting
B) were / being recounted
2. The pattern of world affairs is very C) are / recounted
complicated, and by no means everything D) will be / to have been recounted
that happens can be---- to the influence of E) would be / to be recounted
the super-powers.
8. It ---- that Brazil's new surveillance system --
A) attributed -- a useful tool in the protection of the rain
B) entitled forests.
C) declared
D) sustained A) may be hoped / would have proved
E) resolved B) was hoped / had proved
C) has been hoped / would proved
3. One of the many individuals ---- fascinated D) could be hoped / might have proved
by reports of the early balloon flights was E) is hoped / will proved
George Cayley, who later made the first
serious attempt at heavier-than-air flight. 9. After the Germanic invasions, Celtic
cultures, which in pre-Roman times ---- most
A) suspiciously of Western Europe, ---- almost entirely to the
B) tremendously British Isles.
C) confidentially
D) daringly A) had covered / were confined
E) reluctantly B) have been covering / have been confined
C) had been covering / would be confined
4. Schools are one of the most important ---- of D) have covered / could have been confined
socialization on which peer groups and E) were covering / had been confined
teachers have a major impact.
10. Countries are interested ---- in their absolute
A) degrees economic welfare, ---- in how well they are
B) rules performing compared to other countries.
C) customs
D) agents A) both / as well as
E) advances B) as / as
C) so much / as
5. Cells convert energy from one form to D) more / but
another and use that energy to ---- various E) not only / but also
activities, ranging from mechanical work to
chemical synthesis.

A) turn off
B) use up
C) take in
D) carry out
E) pick up

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11. She can have the job ---- she is willing to 16. For decades presidents have been coming --
work on Saturdays. -- plans to deal with the fact that one day the
world will run ---- its key source of energy:
A) apart from oil.
B) owing to
C) except A) up with / out of
D) provided B) out of / up against
E) whereas C) down to / away from
D) up for / through
12. ---- by making an internal analysis can a E) over to / into
company set the overall rationale for its
international activities.

A) Still
B) While
C) Only
D) Until
E) Just as

13. ---- our bodies are exposed to cold, their

first rule of survival is to maintain the brain
and internal organs at a temperature of
37°C.

A) Since
B) Although
C) When
D) Just as
E) Until

14. If things ---- according to plan, the book ----

by this time next year.

A) go / will have been published

B) have gone / would have been published
C) went / was to be published
D) were going / has been published
E) will go / will be published

15. Roger Revelle’s calculations about what

happens to the carbon dioxide released ----
the burning of fossil fuels were correct ----
showing that much of it would end up in the
sea.

A) from / with
B) by / in
C) to / by
D) in / for
E) through / about

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17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

The more technologically enhanced we become, the James Joyce was born in Dublin of a middle-class
more we are going to (17) ---- from people in the Catholic family. (22) ---- his mother was a devout
developing world who have never (18) ---- made a Catholic, his father was a man who was opposed to
phone call. As scientists we must think of the Church and fiercely objected to the interference
imaginative ways (19) ---- the developing world can (23) ---- the Catholic clergy in Irish politics. Joyce
leap forward from the 19th century into the 21st attended Clongowes Wood College for several
century. (20) ---- the gap never will be bridged and years, but (24) ---- to leave when his family fell upon
we (21) ---- ourselves in a world that really is increasing economic hardship. Then, he attended a
unsustainable. Christian Brothers school, Belvedere College and
later University College Dublin, where he (25) ----
17. modern European languages. He left Ireland for
A) exceed Paris but returned to Dublin for a short while (26) ----
B) distinguish learning that his mother was dying.
C) distract
D) diverge 22.
E) proceed
A) Besides
18. B) Since
A) even C) As if
B) but D) Though
C) still E) Even
D) just
E) enough 23.

19. A) for
A) whether B) of
B) in which C) about
C) as if D) in
D) surely E) to
E) since
24.
20.
A) Similarly A) was forced
B) Whatever B) is forced
C) Accordingly C) has been forced
D) Therefore D) would have forced
E) Otherwise E) would be forced

21. 25.
A) would find
B) have found A) assumed
C) are going to find B) studied
D) were finding C) involved
E) had to find D) established
E) affirmed

26.

A) whenever
B) until
C) after
D) while
E) as

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27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. The Mariner 10 space probe determined ----.
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) since planetary scientists have speculated
aboutMercury’s magnetic field
27. Studies have shown that people ---- have a
B) that Mercury, unlike Venus and Mars, has a
lower risk of coronary heart disease.
significant magnetic field
C) while there is no way to judge whether iron
A) that had developed diabetes
onMercury is solid or liquid
B) whose intake of unsaturated fats was high
D) until the new project uses radar reflections
C) since they exercise regularly
to determine subtle oscillations in Mercury’s
D) if there is no history of heart disease in the
rotation rate
family
E) which presumably creates a strong
E) who replace red meat with chicken and fish
magnetic field
28. Why should astronauts be sent into space --
32. Whereas extra training may not accelerate
--?
children’s motor development, ----.

A) so that life on earth will have been improved

A) some of them were then given extra
B) but the costs involved were especially
stimulation
horrific
B) infants deprived of physical stimulation
C) even if it were no longer dangerous
would have delayed motor development
D) as if no harm would have come of it
C) these are the ones who do not have the
E) if there is nothing meaningful for them to do
opportunity to move about
there
D) some amount of practice is necessary for
development to occur normally
29. ALH84001 is one of several meteorites that
E) there had been several techniques for
are generally acknowledged to have come
comparing the effects of maturation and
from Mars----.
learning

A) when it is named for the place in Antarctica

33. ----, where they are often seen floating in the
(AllanHills) and the year (1984) it was found
water like logs, with only their nostrils, eyes,
B) because they contain trapped gases that
and ears above the surface.
match theMartian atmosphere
C) while geologists at NASA discovered in the
A) The Mississippi alligator, the American
rock a variety of surprising characteristics at
crocodile, and the Chinese alligator are the
a microscopic level
only other species
D) where it turned out to be the oldest known
B) Crocodiles are found near swamps, lakes,
rock from any planet
and rivers in Asia, Africa, Australia, and
E) so that the findings were based on
Central America
meticulous studies and the papers of
C) As recently as several decades ago,
scientists at NASA
crocodiles were plentiful in much of the
tropics and subtropics
30. ----, it is at first indistinguishable from a
D) This would have helped crocodiles to adapt
minor planet.
to different environments
E) Crocodiles can grow up to 7 metres in
A) As comets are among the largest members
length, and have long, powerful tails that
of the solar system
propel them when swimming
B) Since comets appear in the sky without any
warning
C) Before Halley’s comet appeared again in
1986
D) Because, in Roman times, a comet was
blamed for the loss of a battle
E) When a comet coming from deep space
approaches the Sun

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34. ----, while just 1.7 tonnes of corn yields the 36. Because the visual system is not well-
same result. developed at birth, ----.

A) A team of scientists has claimed that the A) newborn babies’ ability to change focus is
traditional methods of production in plastics limited and they are very nearsighted
are extremely costly and have an adverse B) a nearsighted adult with 20/30 vision will be
impact on the environment able to see at 20 feet
B) It has been announced that a company in C) newborn infants can distinguish the sound
China, sponsored by the government, is of the human voice from other sounds
planning to harvest plastics from crops of D) developmental psychologists would have
corn designed some ingenious procedures to
C) Eight tonnes of crude oil are currently study the mental capacities of young infants
needed to create one tonne of polyol, which E) parents noticed with delight that the baby
is an alcoholic substance used in a number had begun to make eye contact
of plastics
D) Scientists are now using a new type of 37. - 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
microscope that lets them view internal anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
structures of materials in greater detail than cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
ever before bulunuz.
E) The device the company‘s scientists use
utilizes X-ray analysis technology and 37. In the 1980s Margaret Thatcher attracted
reveals chemical compositions of objects great interest, not only because she was the
being studied first woman Prime Minister of a Western
state, but also because of the radical
35. ----, but it failed to halt the rise of Adolf Hitler policies she put into effect.
and the Nazi war machine.
A) Hem Batılı bir devletin ilk kadın başbakanı
A) During World War II, France was split into olduğu hem de radikal politikalar
aGerman-occupied north and an uyguladığı için, Margaret Thatcher 1980’li
unoccupied South yıllarda herkesin ilgisini çekmiştir.
B) Following World War II, France turned its B) Margaret Thatcher’ın Batılı bir devletin ilk
attention to its African colonies, where there kadın başbakanı olması kadar, 1980’lerde
was a growing demand from the natives for radikal politikalar uygulaması da herkesin
independence ilgisini çekmiştir.
C) After a series of extremely savage battles, C) Margaret Thatcher, 1980’lerde, sadece
Allied armies liberated France in August Batılı bir devletin ilk kadın başbakanı
1944 from the German occupation olduğu için değil, aynı zamanda, uyguladığı
D) In May 1940, the Germans marched into an radikal politikalar nedeniyle büyük ilgi
undefended Paris, and in the following çekmiştir.
month the French government signed an D) 1980’lerde, Batılı bir devletin ilk kadın
armistice başbakanı olan Margaret Thatcher’ın
E) Beginning in 1919, French foreign policy uyguladığı radikal politikalar büyük ilgi
aimed at keeping Germany weak through a çekmiştir.
system of alliances E) Margaret Thatcher, Batılı bir devletin ilk
kadın başbakanı olmasından çok ortaya
koyduğu radikal politikalar sonucu
1980’lerde herkesten büyük ilgi görmüştür.

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38. Modern astronomy began with Copernicus 40. Çoğu Fransız siyasetçi, Avrupa Birliği
in the sixteenth century, who asserted that Anayasası’nın halk tarafından ezici bir
the Sun was at the centre of the solar şekilde reddedileceğini sanmıyordu.
system.
A) The politicians, most of whom were
A) Kopernik, on altıncı yüzyılda, Güneş’in, French, were not expecting the European
güneş sisteminin merkezini oluşturduğunu Union Constitution to be so overwhelmingly
belirtmiş ve böylece modern astronomiyi rejected by the people.
başlatmıştır. B) Most French politicians did not think that
B) Güneş sisteminin merkezinin, Güneş the European Union Constitution would be
olduğunu ileri süren Kopernik, modern overwhelmingly rejected by the people.
astronominin on altıncı yüzyılda başladığını C) The fact that the European Union
ifade etmiştir. Constitution was overwhelmingly rejected
C) Modern astronominin başlangıcı, by the people surprised most French
Kopernik’in, on altıncı yüzyılda, Güneş’in, politicians.
güneş sisteminin merkezi olduğunu ileri D) Some French politicians supposed that the
sürmesine dayanır. European Union Constitution would be
D) On altıncı yüzyılda Kopernik’in, güneş overwhelmingly rejected by the people.
sisteminin merkezini, Güneş’in E) The firm rejection of the European Union
oluşturduğunu ifade etmesiyle, modern Constitution by French politicians came as
astronomi başlamıştır. a surprise to the people.
E) Modern astronomi, on altıncı yüzyılda,
Güneş’in, güneş sisteminin merkezinde 41. Bazı siyaset bilimciler, üyeleri arasında
olduğunu öne süren Kopernik’le derin duygusal ilişkilerin var olduğu ailenin,
başlamıştır. ufak çapta siyasal bir sistem gibi olduğunu
ileri sürmüşlerdir.
39. Strolling alone in the park, Onur watched a
pair of kites overhead, and remembered his A) Some political scientists have argued that
childhood friend, Hasan. the family, in which deep emotional
relationships exist between members, is
A) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur’a like a political system in miniature.
çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırlatan, B) In the opinion of various political scientists,
başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtma oldu. the family, which consists of members with
B) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur’a, başının deep emotional relationships, can be
üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtma çocukluk compared to a minor political system.
arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırlattı. C) As a few political scientists have argued,
C) Tek başına parkta yürüyen Onur, başının the family reminds one of a political system
üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı izleyince in miniature, in which members have deep
çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı. emotional ties.
D) Parkta tek başına yürüyen Onur, başının D) As pointed out by a number of political
üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı seyrettikçe scientists, the family, whose members are
çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı. emotionally bound together, resembles a
E) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur, başının minor political system.
üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı seyretti ve E) Some of the political scientists present
çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı. have suggested that the family, in which
members maintain strong emotional ties
with each other, is similar to a small
political system.

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42. Bildiğimiz gibi, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri

anayasasına göre, Kongre sınırsız bir
yasama yetkisine sahip değildir.

A) As far as we know, the Constitution of the

United States of America does not grant to
Congress unlimited powers for legislation.
B) As we know, according to the Constitution
of the United States of America, Congress
does not have unlimited power of
legislation.
C) We know that, according to the
Constitution of the United States of
America, Congress cannot exercise
unlimited power for legislation.
D) As is well known to us all, Congress is
denied by the Constitution of the United
States of America the right to use unlimited
power for legislation.
E) As we all know, Congress‘s unlimited
power of legislation has been curtailed by
the Constitution of the United States of
America

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43. - 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 45. It is emphasized in the passage that ----.
cevaplayınız.

A) the huge diversity between the species is

Over billions of years, life has evolved into a rarely due to the process of evolution
spectacular diversity of forms – more than a million B) species on earth show a great deal of
species presently exist. For each, the source of its diversity, but, at the same time, remarkable
uniqueness is the particular combination of proteins genetic resemblance
found within its cells. Yet in the midst of this C) the idea that human genes can be
diversity, the similarities between living things are implanted into flies has aroused much
profound. For example, although the fruit fly controversy among scientists
genome encodes about 14,000 different proteins, D) the symptoms caused by disease genes
and humans have two to three times that number, can hardly be specified at first glance
many proteins are still recognizably similar in E) the variety of proteins in the fruit fly
sequence and task, reflecting their common genome still needs to be thoroughly
ancestry. In fact, when scientists have put human explored
disease genes into flies, they often cause the same
symptoms in the insects as they do in people.
Furthermore, addition of a normal human gene can 46. When humans and fruit flies are compared
sometimes compensate for the deletion of the same genetically, it is seen that ----.
gene from the fly.

A) there are no similarities between them at

all
43. It is understood from the passage that ----. B) there are many differences which still
require further explanation
C) human disease genes do not affect fruit
A) the proteins encoded in the human
flies when implanted into them
genome and that of the fruit fly bear many
D) fruit flies are much more prone to suffer
similarities
from disease
B) all human genes cause disease symptoms
E) several of their proteins display the same
in flies
pattern of arrangement and function
C) humans have the same number of proteins
in their genome as fruit flies
D) humans and fruit flies have no similarities
in their genomes
E) humans and fruit flies are the only species
with innumerable proteins in their genomes

44. It is pointed out in the passage that ----.

A) there are no similarities at all between

different species
B) the combinations of proteins in living
beings have yet to be fully identified
C) the cause of the variety between species
cannot be understood
D) the evolution of life on earth has taken a
very, very long period of time
E) the various species do not share a
common origin

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47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. It can be inferred from the passage that,
cevaplayınız. once a poet has achieved the basic core of
his poem, ----.

Engineering is akin to writing or painting in that it is

A) the creative process is complete
a creative endeavor that begins in the mind’s eye
B) he tends to lose interest in it
and proceeds into new frontiers of thought and
C) he should wait a while before transcribing it
action, where it does not so much find as make new
onto a blank sheet of paper
things. Just as the poet starts with a blank sheet of
D) aesthetic principles may help him to
paper and the artist with a blank canvas, so the
intensify and complete it
engineer today begins with a blank computer
E) he must start to examine it for flaws and
screen. Until the outlines of a design are set down,
then remove them
however tentatively, there can be no appeal to
science or to critical analysis to judge or test the
50. According to the writer of the passage, each
design. Scientific, rhetorical or aesthetic principles
act of creativity ----.
may be called on to inspire, refine and finish a
design, but creative things do not come of applying
A) necessitates the crossing of frontiers and
the principles alone. Without the sketch of a thing or
entry into unknown regions
a diagram of a process, scientific facts and laws are
B) is dependent upon a storehouse of closely
of little use to engineers. Science may be the
related knowledge
theater, but engineering is the action on the stage.
C) arises almost equally out of thought and
inspiration and knowledge
47. The writer’s main aim in this passage is to --
D) has some bearing on other acts of
--.
creativity
E) in one sphere of endeavour has its
A) show how many different types of creativity
counterpart in another
there are
B) stress the creative and constructive
aspects of an engineer’s work
C) compare and contrast the way poets and
painters work
D) show that literary creativity is superior to
the painter’s creativity
E) establish the fact that it is the engineers’
scientific knowledge that makes him
creative

48. We understand from the passage that, for

the engineer, scientific laws ----.

A) only have a role to play after a design has

taken some sort of form
B) are only relevant in details concerning
safety
C) are a constant factor all through the
creative process of design
D) play an important role only when it comes
to finalizing certain details
E) are rarely applicable at any stage in his
projects

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51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 52. According to the passage, there is scientific
cevaplayınız. evidence to suggest that ----.

A) a bullet induces lead poisoning as soon as

In the past, lead poisoning was thought to arise from
it is lodged in the body
pica (abnormal ingestion) among children living in
B) heavy traffic causes lead contamination in
old, broken-down houses with peeling layers of
the environment
leadbased paints. In the past two decades, lead
C) most cases of lead poisoning have resulted
intoxication has occurred with decreasing
from lead-based paints
frequency. This may in part be related to less use
D) the risk of lead poisoning is equally likely to
of lead in paint and leaded gasoline; several studies
occur in all the different metal industries
relate environmental lead contamination to traffic
and occupations
density patterns. In the United States, hundreds of
E) the quality of wines can be improved
occupations involve potentially significant exposure.
substantially through the use of lead
It is estimated that more than 800,000 American
chemicals
workers have potentially significant lead exposure.
Lead and other metal workers or miners, storage
53. It is pointed out in the passage that, a
battery workers, and pottery makers are particularly
reduction of lead in paint and petrol, ----.
heavily exposed. Workers in auto manufacturing,
ship building, paint manufacture and printing
A) was recommended decades ago but never
industries are also at substantial risk, as are house
enforced
painters and those who repair old houses. In past
B) will do little to overcome environmental
centuries lead was added to wine to sweeten it, a
contamination
deception that was eventually made punishable by
C) will bring substantial benefits to house
death. Recently, adding lead to various herbal and
painters and those repairing old houses,
folk medicines has resulted in poisoning. Bullets left
but to no one else
in the body can result in lead poisoning, especially if
D) has produced as many negative results as
a joint is involved, because synovial fluid appears to
positive
be a good solvent for lead. The interval between the
E) may have contributed to the decrease in
bullet getting embedded in the body and clinical
cases of lead poisoning observed in recent
evidence of lead poisoning has ranged from 2 days
years
to 40 years.
54. We learn from the passage that, despite its
51. It is stated in the passage that lead
adverse effects, lead ----.
exposure ----.

A) is not generally regarded as a dangerous

A) has been recognized by many employers
substance
as a deadly threat to their work force
B) is not nearly as poisonous as several other
B) has been increasing at an alarming rate in
metals
many industries in the United States
C) still remains one of the most valuable and
C) is a very serious concern in various
versatile of earth’s metals
occupations and industries
D) is still being used in a great many
D) has led to the introduction of various
industries
preventive measures in certain
E) is only potentially dangerous to children,
occupations and industries
not to adults
E) and its consequences have only recently
become a major concern of clinical
research

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55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. We understand from the passage that very
cevaplayınız. many nonprofessional working mothers ----.

A nonprofessional-class working mother, who has A) enjoy health insurance which also covers
been forced unwillingly into the labour market, is their children
oppressed by various unique forces. She is B) are, on the whole, satisfied with their jobs
oppressed by the fact that her work is oftentimes C) feel their children are being suitably cared
physically exhausting, ill-paid, and devoid of for
benefits such as health insurance and paid sick D) are paid far more than the recognized
leave. She is oppressed by the fact that it is minimum wage
impossible to put a small child in reliable day-care if E) only work because they have to work
you make only a minimum wage, and she is
oppressed by the terrible child-care options that are
available at an inexpensive rate. She is oppressed 58. According to the passage, a
by the fact that she has nothing to fall back on. If nonprofessional mother’s working
she is out of work, and her child needs a visit to the conditions ----.
doctor and antibiotics, she may not be able to afford
those things and will have to treat her sick child with
unprescribed medications, which themselves are far A) are far from satisfactory, and she enjoys no
from cheap. benefits
B) are being reviewed with the aim of
improving them
C) are no worse than those of other workers
55. We understand from the passage that a D) have only recently become difficult
working mother, without a career, ----. E) have received a great of public attention

A) works so that her child can enjoy good

day-care
B) is usually granted several fringe benefits
C) rarely stays in her job for a long period
D) faces a very hard life
E) has a great deal of choice in the kind of
work she does

56. It is clear from the passage that, when a

nonprofessional working mother loses her
job ----.

A) she may neglect the child but not herself

B) there are always opportunities available on
the labour market
C) and her child gets ill, she probably cannot
get proper medical help
D) she has to be prepared to accept a lower-
paid one
E) she invariably has a great deal of trouble
finding a new one

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59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. It is clear from the passage that valve radios
cevaplayınız. ----.
A) were still in widespread use in the sixties
and seventies
The Wireless Museum has several of the earliest
B) originally operated on electromagnetic
crystal wireless sets from the 1920s which ran on
waves
source, and were easily made at home. Valve
C) consumed more electricity than one might
radios, which came along in the 1930s, needed
expect
electricity to heat up the valves and the museum
D) are of two types: mains and battery-
has both mains and battery-powered valve radios
powered
on display. The collection also has some rare
E) were costly products and the government
wartime civilian receivers — the only type of valve
disapproved of them
radio manufactured during the Second World War.
This was by order of the government, because at
this time most manufacturing was focused on the 62. This passage is concerned with ----.
war effort. There are also plenty of modern day
transistor radios including a collection of novelty
radios dating from the sixties and seventies. A) the exhibits of a wireless museum which
cover a considerable variety
B) the government’s war efforts and
production policies regarding radios
59. It is pointed out in the passage that, during
C) the technical features of transistor radios
World War II, ----.
D) the way a valve radio works
E) why the wireless museum was originally
A) transistor radios began to replace set up
traditional valve radios
B) the production of wireless sets was almost
entirely for military purposes
C) various types of radios requiring no
external power source were developed
D) the government banned all kinds of civilian
receivers
E) the efficiency of valve radios was upgraded
through the introduction of new designs

60. We learn from the passage that the very

early crystal wireless sets ----.

A) were the models out of which transistor

radios were later developed
B) were manufactured in large quantities
before the arrival of valve radios
C) are among the museum’s most precious
exhibits
D) were still in use during World War II,
though in limited numbers
E) were unconnected to an outside power
system

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63. - 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş 65. Richard :- I‘ve been reading about the
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi ancient Egyptians lately.
bulunuz. Antony :- How interesting! Anything
particularly drawing your attention?
Richard :- It is claimed by some linguists
63. Ann :- My doctor told me that I should
that the early Egyptian language might
have screening for colorectal cancer.
represent the survival of a ―root‖ language
Kathy :- ----
from which the other languages of the Afro-
Ann :- Yes, I know; she said that I
Asiatic group evolved in the past.
need a screening only as a preventative
Antony :- ----
measure because of my age.
Kathy :- That’s right. The disease has a
A) Possible. In fact, the language of the
higher prevalence in people 50 and older.
ancient Egyptians has for long been a
matter of debate among linguists.
A) You’ll need to be screened at regular
B) Actually, as you may remember, the first
intervals, won’t you?
known permanent settlement in Egypt
B) Does she have a reason to believe you
dates back to approximately 4750 B.C.
have the disease?
C) You know that the patterns of development
C) Have you had a screening before? I had
in ancient Egypt differed greatly from those
one last month.
of the Sumerians in Mesopotamia.
D) Don’t you know that diet plays some role in
D) It is true that, due to the Nile, ancient Egypt
the risk of colon cancer?
was able to forge a cultural and political
E) But that doesn’t necessarily mean you
unity.
have colorectal cancer.
E) You must recall that the Egyptian system
of pictographic writing, called hieroglyphs,
64. Doctor :- ----
has always fascinated modern scholars.
Richard :- Why not? What’s wrong with it?
Doctor :- Studies have shown that
66. Bill :- As a firm, we are doing our best for fuel
second-hand smoke has more toxins and
improvement.
cancer-causing chemicals than what smokers
Bob :- Indeed, we must develop new
inhale from their cigarettes.
technologies to reduce the environmental
Richard :- Well, I guess I’d better be more
impact of gasoline and diesel.
careful, then.
Bill :- ----
Bob :- Yes, of course. Also you know
A) You really shouldn’t smoke, you know,
we have already developed an innovative
when there are people around you.
formula designed to help reduce fuel
B) Do you still smoke? You know it’s the
consumption.
leading avoidable cause of death!
C) Your heart and lungs will be affected
A) Have other firms been investing in long-
negatively if you don’t quit smoking soon.
term solutions like hydrogen fuel?
D) How many packs of cigarettes do you
B) Can you tell me how we can produce fuels
smoke every day?
from lots of different sources in order to
E) Many work places and public places have
meet the growing demand?
banned indoor smoking.
C) Don‘t you think the solution is a
combination of cleaner fuels and cleaner
engines?
D) How can we produce lead-free and low-
sulphur fuels?
E) Is the burning of coal and gas for lighting,
heating, and cooking one of the causes of
local air pollution?

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

67. Philip :- I see that you are reading 69. Nothing exercises the British Press so
Homer‘s great epic The Iliad? By the way, have much as an apparent threat to the welfare of
you ever heard about Heinrich Schliemann? the British Press.
Edward :- Yes, I have. He was an amateur
German archaeologist, who lived in the A) The well-being of the British Press is
nineteenth century. apparent in the way it shows a united front
Philip :- ---- in the face of attack.
Edward :- How come? I wonder what B) It is only when the British Press is being
details in The Iliad must have led him to such a criticised that it really shows its mettle.
discovery. C) The one time when the British Press really
wakes up and acts is when it feels its own
A) As an amateur archaeologist, many of well-being is endangered.
Schliemann‘s perceptions of Bronze Age D) The British Press has had much practice in
Greece were mistaken and superficial. upholding its own interests in the face of
B) What else? Let me tell you the most opposition.
intriguing thing about him. By using The E) Should its own freedom be threatened, the
Iliad as his guide, he found the site of Troy British Press would unite to withstand
near the coast of northwest Anatolia. attack.
C) Since the ancient Greeks treasured many
legends about their heroic and distant past, 70. Though diplomatic efforts to forestall the
Homer‘s epics appealed to them a great bombardment have been intensified, there is
deal. apparently no progress towards an
D) Actually, Schliemann was right in believing agreement.
that the legendary king Agamemnon was
buried with a gold mask. A) Every known means of diplomacy has
E) In Homer‘s epics, it is the Mycenaean been tried, but peace seems to recede and
civilization of Bronze Age Greece that is the expected attack to be quickly
represented, but this civilization came to an approaching.
end around the end of the twelfth century B) Reconciliation remains a remote hope, for
B.C. diplomatic channels apparently lack the
necessary authority to check an attack.
68. - 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en C) In spite of diplomatic efforts to the contrary,
yakın cümleyi bulunuz. the bombardment was a violent one and all
hopes of an agreement were shattered.
68. The root cause of the crisis is that the legal D) Though they are desperately in need of a
basis for asylum was drawn up when very truce, they can find no way to achieve one
few had the means to seek it. and now await the attack.
E) Reconciliation seems no nearer, even
A) Though few of them have any way at all of though a massive effort is being made to
escaping it is now that the legal basis for find a diplomatic solution and so avoid a
asylum must be revised so that such a bombardment.
crisis may be avoided.
B) We must face the fact that the legal basis
for asylum should not have been drawn up
when hardly anyone had a chance to
escape.
C) Basic to the whole disastrous situation is
the fact that the legal basis for asylum
dates back to a time when it was almost
impossible for anyone to seek it.
D) When the legal basis of asylum was
devised it was assumed that very few
people would ever seek it and such a crisis
as this was not expected.
E) As few people ever managed to escape, it
was felt that a legal basis for asylum was
unnecessary and this is the major cause of
the problem.

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

71. The last time I saw your brother was when I 73. Conflict is a struggle between opposing
ran into him at the station when I was on my sides or forces. In a play, the characters act
way to Glasgow. out the conflict, and ultimately their actions
result in a resolution, or outcome. External
A) The last time I went to Glasgow I conflict is a struggle between a character
happened to meet your brother at the and an outside force, such as another
station. person, nature, or fate. ---- A character can
B) I haven’t seen your brother since a chance express internal conflict as well as external
meeting at the station with him when I was conflict through actions, facial expressions,
setting off for Glasgow. and dialogue.
C) Your brother and I finally met at the station
as it happened that I was going to A) Thus, external or internal, conflicts arouse
Glasgow. interest among viewers.
D) Your brother and I finally met on the B) Also, plays often point to cues as to when
Glasgow train just as it was leaving the an internal conflict is likely to occur
station. C) Likewise, dialogues contain a variety of
E) As the Glasgow train drew out of the both internal and external conflicts.
station I got a last glimpse of your brother. D) Furthermore, a character’s conflict is often
obvious from his or her facial expressions.
E) However, internal conflict is a struggle
72. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada within the character’s own mind.
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
cümleyi bulunuz. 74. It is actually very difficult to distinguish
experimentally between an animal that is
72. Each culture has some understanding of the simply using landmarks and one that is
adult competencies needed for adequate using a cognitive map. The best evidence
functioning. For example, children who need for a cognitive map comes from research on
a formal education to succeed in their the family of birds that includes jays, crows,
culture are likely to be exposed to these and nutcrackers. Many of these birds store
values early in childhood. Thus, they may food in caches. A single bird may store nuts
receive books and instruction at a young in thousands of caches that may be widely
age. Children in another culture may have to dispersed. The bird not only relocates each
do spinning and weaving as part of their cache, but also keeps track of food quality,
adult livelihood. ---- avoiding caches in which the food was
relatively perishable and would have
A) We are all truly integrated in our own decayed. ----
societies and cultures.
B) But these children must learn the rules and A) Thus, some animals appear to migrate
patterns of behaviour. using only innate responses to
C) These children are likely to receive early environmental cues.
exposure to these crafts B) It would seem that these birds use
D) These learned patterns and rules influence cognitive maps to memorize the location of
much of our behaviour. their food stores.
E) It is this pattern of thought that guides them C) In addition, honeybees might learn ten or
to becoming academics. so landmarks and locate their hive and
flowers in relation to those features.
D) Studies of other animals show the
interaction of genes and experience in
migration.
E) Research also indicates that the indigo
bunting avoids the need for a timing
mechanism by fixing on the North Star.

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

75. Gum disease, also known as periodontal 77. (I) Sutures have a long and bizarre history,
disease, is one of the most common oral dating back to ancient Egypt, where everything
diseases. It occurs when bacteria in the from treebark to hair was used to stitch human
plaque that causes tooth decay attacks the flesh back together again. (II) In Egypt’s wars
gum tissue around a tooth. Periodontal with its neighbours, unknown numbers of young
disease usually starts as gingivitis, a mild men were wounded while fighting. (III) Fifty
form of gum disease that causes the gum years ago, a soldier injured on the battlefield
tissue to become red, swollen, and bleed would have been sewn upby medics using
easily. ---- If not treated, gingivitis can sheep’s gut. (IV) A hundred years earlier, they
progress to periodontitis, a more serious would have used silk; before that, metal wire.
condition of the gums that occurs when (V) Today, surgeons often prefer plastics such
bacteria attack the bone and tissue as polypropylene.
supporting the teeth.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) In such a case, dentists perform root canal
therapy on teeth in which the pulp has 78. (I) Today’s young people in their teens and
decayed and must be removed. 20s, who have been dubbed 'digital natives',
B) The harmful bacteria are removed by have never known a world without computers,
pulling back the gum tissue and using the Internet, and cell phones. (II) Many of these
specialized scrapping tools. natives rarely enter a library, but instead use
C) In this case, false teeth known as dentures Google, Yahoo, and other online search
must be fabricated to enable people to engines for information they need.(III) The
chew and eat. neural networks in the brains of these digital
D) Periodontists specialize in problems natives differ dramatically from those of
associated with gums and the bone that adults.(IV) Investigators have reported that
supports the gums. most of technology exposure, such as watching
E) In its early stages, gingivitis can be television and videos or listening to music, is
eliminated by brushing and flossing daily to passive. (V) Basic neural networks in most
remove plaque. adults are said to have been laid down during a
time when direct social action was the norm.
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
79. (I) A person with mouth or throat cancer may
76. (I) Volcanic eruptions in populated regions are receive radiation therapy and surgery or just
a significant threat to people, property, and radiation therapy. (II) Staying out of the sun
agriculture.(II) Most volcanoes have steep reduces the risk of lip cancer. (III) Yet radiation
sides, but some can be gently sloping therapy often destroys the salivary glands and
mountains or even flat tablelands, plateaus, or leaves the person’s mouth dry, which can lead
plains. (III) The volcanoes above sealevel are to cavities and other dental problems. (IV) In
the best known, but the vast majority of the addition, because jawbones exposed to
world's volcanoes lie beneath the sea, formed radiation don’t heal well, dental problems are
along the global oceanic ridge systems. (IV) treated before radiation is administered.(V)
More than1, 500 above-sea volcanoes have Further, any teeth likely to become problems
been active during the past 10,000 years, 539 are removed, and time is allowed for healing.
of them erupting one or more times in recorded
history. (V) On average, 50 to 60 above-sea A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
volcanoes worldwide are active in any given
year; about half of these are continuations of
eruptions from previous years, and the rest are
new.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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 YDS DENEME SINAVLARI

80. (I) There are two main categories of polluting

materials, or pollutants. (II) Biodegradable
pollutants are materials, such as sewage, that
rapidly decompose by natural processes. (III)
Pollution has a dramatic effect on natural
resources. (IV) These pollutants become a
problem when added to the environment faster
than they can decompose.(V) Nondegradable
pollutants are materials that either do not
decompose or decompose slowly in the natural
environment, and when these pollutants
contaminate the environment, it is difficult or
impossible to remove them.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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