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1. In a stack, what is the term for inserting a new entry at
the top?
a. Removing
b. Pushing✺➳©ARTIST©
c. Dequeuing
d. Popping
2. Why has software engineering struggled to find a
rigorous footing, compared to other engineering
disciplines?
a. Overreliance on prefabricated components
b. Lack of quantitative techniques in measuring
software properties
c. Lack of engineering principles✺➳©ARTIST©
d. Inability to develop generic software components
3. How do software engineers often describe the
relationship between requirements analysis and
design?
a. Requirements analysis is about how, and design is
about what.
b. Requirements analysis is about what, and design is
about how. ✺➳©ARTIST©
c. Both are focused on what.
d. Both are focused on how.
4. The end of a list is called the _________.
 a. bob
b. tail✺➳©ARTIST©
c. head
d. devon
5. How does software maintenance tend to differ from the
repair process in other manufactured products?
a. It is more time-consuming.
b. It involves correcting or updating. ✺➳©ARTIST©
c. It is less common.
d. It does not involve changes in the application.
6. What is a stack in the context of data structures?
a. A list with entries arranged sequentially
b. A list of sounds recorded on a CD
c. A list with entries removed only at the tail
d. A list with entries inserted and removed only at the
head✺➳©ARTIST©
7. What, according to most practitioners in the software
engineering field, is the major cause of cost overruns
and late product delivery?
a. Early completion of requirements
b. Poor communication and changing requirements✺➳
©ARTIST©
c. Limited stakeholder involvement
d. Well-defined requirements
8. Pick the correct sequence of labels for the diagram of
the software life cycle given below:
 a. 1- Development, 2- Use, and 3- Maintenance✺➳
©ARTIST©
b. 1- Use, 2- Maintenance, and 3- Development
c. 1- Use, 2- Development, and 3- Maintenance
d. 1- Maintenance, 2- Development, and 3- Us
9. To retrieve the information about an employee, we must
select the _______ with the appropriate identification
attribute value from the EMPLOYEE relation.
a. tuple✺➳©ARTIST©
b. table
c. attributes
d. model
10. In a two-dimensional array, how are positions
identified?
a. Numerical index numbers
b. Pairs of indices✺➳©ARTIST©
c. Field names
d. same sizes of entries
11. Large, multiuser, commercial database systems
have __________ stakes compared to personal use
systems.
a. Lower
b. Identical
c. Higher✺➳©ARTIST©
d. Comparable
12. A schema describes the ______ database structure
used by the database software.
a. external
b. secondary
c. complete✺➳©ARTIST©
d. partial
13. What is the role of a software analyst in the
development process?
a. Responsible for database management
b. Primarily involved in writing programs
c. Involved with the entire development process, with
emphasis on requirements analysis and design✺➳
©ARTIST©
d. Focused on the implementation step
14. Subschemas are crucial in providing ______ to
different users within a database.
a. similar access
b. identical information
c. universal access
 d. restricted access✺➳©ARTIST©
15. How is the depth of a tree defined?
a. The number of only leaf nodes in the tree
b. The number of nodes from root to leaf in the tree
c. The number of top nodes in the tree
d. The number of only first horizontal layer within the
tree
16. The problem known as the ____________ can arise if
one transaction is in the middle of transferring funds
from one account to another when another transaction
tries to compute the total deposits in the bank.
a. potential problem
b. time sharing
c. incorrect summary problem✺➳©ARTIST©
d. lost update problem
17. What is an aggregate type in programming?
a. An integer variable
b. Rectangular array of numbers
c. 2-dimensional array
d. Block of data items with different data types✺➳
©ARTIST©
18. ____________ phase is followed by
Implementation phase of Software Life Cycle.
a. Requirement Analysis
b. Testing
c. Design✺➳©ARTIST©
 d. Debugging
19. Which organizations play a role in improving
professionalism and establishing standards for
software quality control?
a. UNESCO, WHO, and WTO
b. NASA, NSA, and CIA
c. ISO, IEEE, and ACM✺➳©ARTIST©
d. NATO, IMF, and UNICEF
20. Why is information about the software's
implementation important during maintenance?
a. To simplify the software development process.
b. To increase the chance of disruptions.
c. To blur the distinction between technical and user
documentation.
d. To explain why the software was implemented as it
was✺➳©ARTIST©
21. _______ gives the invertor certain rights to forbid
others from selling, making, using and importing his
or her invention for a limited period of time.
a. Invention License
b. Software License
c. Patent✺➳©ARTIST©
d. Pattern
22. The naming convention used in JOIN operations
ensures __________ for attributes in the new relation.
a. Redundancy
 b. Uniqueness✺➳©ARTIST©
c. Similarity
d. Irrelevance
23. The problem known as the ____________ can arise if
one transaction is in the middle of transferring funds
from one account to another when another transaction
tries to compute the total deposits in the bank.
a. potential problem
b. lost update problem✺➳©ARTIST©
c. time sharing
d. incorrect summary problem
24. How are fields in an aggregate type usually
accessed?
a. Field names✺➳©ARTIST©
b. Numerical index numbers
c. Pairs of indices
d. Row and column numbers
25. Tuples that have attribute W in relation A less
than attribute X in relation B are included in the result
for the condition __________.
a. A.W > B.X
b. A.W = B.X
c. A.W < B.X✺➳©ARTIST©
d. A.W >= B.X
26. What is the outcome of the design phase in
software engineering?
 a. Detailed structural plans✺➳©ARTIST©
b. Project libraries
c. Test cases
d. Software requirements
27. Why is understanding the underlying program
crucial during the maintenance phase, even for well-
designed software?
a. To facilitate a complete code rewrite
b. To encourage frequent updates
c. To prevent further problems during modifications✺
➳©ARTIST©
d. To eliminate the need for maintenance
28. Which intermodule coupling occurs when a
module passes control of execution to another, as in a
function call?
a. None of given
b. Data coupling
c. Logical coupling
d. Control coupling✺➳©ARTIST©
29. What do we call the structures in a tree that
consist of a node and the nodes below it?
a. Subtrees✺➳©ARTIST©
b. Roots
c. Leaves
d. Branches
30. When using PROJECT, if multiple columns are
required, they are specified __________.
a. Using brackets
b. Using quotation marks
c. Separately✺➳©ARTIST©
d. Using a comma
31. Which of the following is correct for incremental
model?
a. 1st increment is the complex version
b. 1st increment is the simplified version✺➳
©ARTIST©
c. All increments are created at once
d. Development completes in maximum four increments
32. A _________ is a description of only that portion of
the database pertinent to a particular user’s needs.
a. subschema✺➳©ARTIST©
b. superschema
c. nonschema
d. schema
33. Which of the following is correct option about
information hiding in software development.
a. It prevents unnecessary dependency between modules
✺➳©ARTIST©
b. It hides all data of program module
c. Validity of module may not be compromised
 d. It only depends on internal compositional structure of
modules
34. How do software engineers often describe the
relationship between requirements analysis and
design?
a. Requirements analysis is about how, and design is
about what.
b. Both are focused on how
c. Requirements analysis is about what, and design is
about how. ✺➳©ARTIST©
d. Both are focused on what.
35. In the case of the incremental model these
prototypes evolve into the complete, final system, a
process known as___________.
a. evolutionary prototyping✺➳©ARTIST©
b. rapid prototyping
c. agile method
d. throwaway prototyping
36. Why is a stack considered a LIFO structure?
a. Entries are removed in the reverse order of storage✺
➳©ARTIST©
b. Entries are removed from the middle
c. Entries are removed in the order they were stored
d. Entries are removed from the base
37. An object-oriented database consists of objects
linked to each other to reflect their __________.
 a. sizes
b. relationships✺➳©ARTIST©
c. attributes
d. colors
38. The problem known as the ____________ can arise if
one transaction is in the middle of transferring funds
from one account to another when another transaction
tries to compute the total deposits in the bank.
a. incorrect summary problem
b. lost update problem✺➳©ARTIST©
c. time sharing
d. potential problem
39. What are the items within an aggregate type
usually called?
a. Entries
b. Rows and columns
c. Fields✺➳©ARTIST©
d. Indices
40. What is the primary focus of the design phase in
software engineering?
a. Establishing requirements
b. Constructing the software system✺➳©ARTIST©
c. Creating a budgeting plan
d. Identifying problems
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