Year 8 - Developing geometry…

@whisto_maths Angles in parallel lines and polygons

What do I need to be able Keywords
to do? Parallel: Straight lines that never meet
By the end of this unit you should be able to: Angle: The figure formed by two straight lines meeting (measured in degrees)
• Identify alternate angles Transversal: A line that cuts across two or more other (normally parallel) lines
• Identify corresponding angles Isosceles: Two equal size lines and equal size angles (in a triangle or trapezium)
• Identify co-interior angles Polygon: A 2D shape made with straight lines
• Find the sum of interior angles in polygons Sum: Addition (total of all the interior angles added together)
• Find the sum of exterior angles in polygons
• Find interior angles in regular polygons
Regular polygon: All the sides have equal length; all the interior angles have equal size.

Basic angle rules and notation The letter in the middle is the angle
The arc represents the part of the angle
Parallel lines Still remember to look for angles on Lines AF and BE are transversals
straight lines, around a point and (lines that bisect the parallel lines)
Acute Angles Right Angles vertically opposite!!
0°< angle <90° 90°
Angle Notation: three letters ABC Corresponding Alternate angles
Obtuse This is the angle at B = 113 ° angles often
Right angle notation often identified by
90°< angle <180° Line Notation: two letters EC
identified by their their “Z shape” in
The line that joins E to C.
“F shape” in position
Straight Line Vertically opposite angles position.
Reflex
180°< angle <360° 180° Equal
Angles around a point
360 ° This notation identifies parallel lines

Alternate/ Corresponding angles Co-interior angles Triangles & Quadrilaterals Link to

steps
Side, Angle, Angle
Because alternate angles are Because co-interior angles have
equal the highlighted angles are a sum of 180° the highlighted
the same size angle is 110° Side, Angle, Side

Side, Side, Side

Because corresponding angles
are equal the highlighted angles As angles on a line add up to 180° co-interior angles can also be
are the same size calculated from applying alternate/ corresponding rules first

Properties of Quadrilaterals Parallelogram Sum of exterior angles Exterior angles all add up to 360°
Square Opposite sides are parallel
All sides equal size Opposite angles are equal
All angles 90° Co-interior angles Using exterior angles
Opposite sides are parallel
Trapezium Exterior Angle
Rectangle One pair of parallel lines
All angles 90° Interior angle + Exterior angle = straight line = 180°
Opposite sides are parallel Kite Exterior angle = 180 – 165 = 15°
Exterior Angles
No parallel lines
Are the angle formed from
Number of sides = 360° ÷ exterior angle
Rhombus Equal lengths on top sides Interior Angle Number of sides = 360 ÷ 15 = 24 sides
All sides equal size the straight-line extension
Equal lengths on bottom sides
Opposite angles are equal at the side of the shape
One pair of equal angles

Sum of interior angles (number of sides – 2) x 180 Missing angles in regular polygons
Interior Angles
The angles enclosed by the Exterior angle = 360 ÷ 8 = 45°
Sum of the interior angles = (5 – 2) x 180
polygon
Interior angle = (8-2) x 180 = 6 x 180 = 135°
This shape can be made from
three triangles
8 8
Each triangle has 180°
Exterior angles in regular polygons = 360° ÷ number of sides
Sum of the interior angles = 3 x 180
This is an irregular polygon = 540°
– the sides and angles are Interior angles in regular polygons = (number of sides – 2) x 180
different sizes Remember this is all of the interior angles added together number of sides