PROGRAMMING PARADIGMS (CSC305)

Semester March 2021 – August 2021

Mini Project: Homestay Reservation System

Prepared by:

Student Name Student ID Class

Faculty
Faculty Computer and Mathematical Sciences

Prepared for:
Miss Suriani Binti Muda

Date of submission:
Week 14
 2. Table of Contents

No. Content Page

Introduction
3 a. System background 3-4
b. System objectives

4 System analysis and design 5-9

5 Paradigms significance 10 - 11

6 Source code with comment

7 Sample input/output

8 Conclusion

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 3. Introduction

a. System background

● The purpose of making this system is to help people lessen their burden and to
ensure the process of the system runs smoothly. Most of the homestay reservation
systems use the manual systems to keep track and keep their guest information. This
method puts pressure on people to be correct at all times. With manual systems, the
level of service is dependent on individuals and this puts a requirement on
management to run training continuously for staff to keep them motivated and to
ensure they are following the correct procedures. It can be all easy to accidentally
switch details and end up with inconsistency in data entry or in hand written orders.
This has the effect of not only causing problems with guest service but also making
information unable to be used for reporting or finding trends with data discovery.
Reporting and checking that data or information is robust can be timely and
expensive.
● This idea of making a system for homestay reservation was from the three of us. We
believe that this system would be more efficient and effective. It is also inexpensive
and less time-consuming. The process is quite similar to the manual system process,
to ensure the guest can easily input their personal information and reservation.
● The mission of this system is to provide hospitality services to satisfy the demands
and expectations of guests. Our aim is to make this system, a system that everyone
could use without any difficulty. This implies more towards family who are on their
vacation, friends for a sleepover and for other special occasions.
● The vision of this system is to continue to apply and set the highest standards of
service quality. We use and introduce environmentally friendly technologies and
processes in order to remain in balance with nature and also meet the needs of
contemporary society.

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b. System objectives

The main objectives of this system are to develop a software system that will help reduce
labour and replace manual method use in homestay reservation for guests. Other aims and
objectives of this system are to provide:

I. A system for end users or guests to make a reservation of their chosen room
according to their preference date and time.
II. Improved data management efficiency through elimination of data redundancy.
III. Time spent reserving equipment.
IV. Ease of use for employees using the system.
V. Ease of updating the database.

After minimal training, staff or employees should be able to use the system efficiently and
effectively. The system will become a long-time investment for any homestay organization,
reducing the wasted time it took with the paper tracking system, repetitive tasks which add
up in the long run especially when the staff or employee finds out the equipment was not
available. Problems that might occur when the staff or employees cannot find the needed
equipment:
1. Staff time looking for equipment.
2. Staff time filling multiple forms.
3. Staff had to go back and forth to the inventory room.

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 4. System analysis and design

System input

● Staff
1. User must input value 2 to continue the reservation process as staff.
● Customer
1. User must input value 1 to continue the reservation process as a customer.
2. The customer can input their detailed information such as name and phone
number. They are also required to input their total nights of staying.
3. They have to choose the type of homestay that they wish to stay in. The types
will be shown in the system, the customer just has to input a numerical value
between 1,2 and 3. If the customer input another number or not in numerical
value, then it will show them an error and the customer must input the value
again.
4. The customer has to input the day for their reservation. The customer must
only input numerical values from 1 until 31 or it will show them an error.
5. The customer also must input the month for their reservation. The customer
must also input only numerical values and between 1 and 12.
6. The customer must input the year for their stay in, it must not be more than
the current year or in negative numbers.
7. If the customer needs an extra pillow, they have to input Y for yes or another
letter for no.
8. If the customer needs an extra blanket, they have to input Y for yes or
another letter for no.
9. The customer has to input the number of pillows they wish to have in
numerical values.
10. The customer has to input the number of blankets they wish to have in
numerical values.

11. If the customer wishes to make any changes on their reservation, the
customer can input Y for yes or another letter for no. If the customer inputs Y,
they will be given 3 options whether to add, delete or to cancel the changing
process and proceed to the payment process. Value 1 for adding the amount
of pillows or blankets or both. Value 2 to delete or remove the pillows or
blankets or even both. If the customer suddenly wants to cancel the changing

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 process, the customer can input value 3 to cancel the process and proceed to
the payment process.

12. Before the final receipt is calculated, the system will once again ask the
customer whether they want to make any change on their reservation. If the
customer input y, the final receipt will be calculated.

System output

● Staff
1. After user input value 2, it will show the list of all previous and new customer
reservations.
2. It will show the final receipt of each customer.
3. Staff can view all of the customers' reservations.
● Customer
1. After user input value 1, the system will show the greetings to the customer
as the introduction of the system.
2. After the customer input their personal details, types of homestay will be
shown in the system, value 1 for 2 rooms, 1 toilet and no kitchen which RM90
per night, value 2 for 3 rooms, 2 toilet and no kitchen which RM110 per night
and value 3 for 4 rooms, 3 toilet and with small kitchen which RM150 per
night.
3. If the customer input values besides 1,2 and 3 or not in numerical value, the
system will show an error and ask the customer to input the value for the type
of homestay again.
4. The reservation date will be shown after the guest has already input all the
required information for the reservation date. It will be in dd//MM/yyyy format.
5. If the customer does not input a numerical value, the system will show an
error.
6. The homestay fee will be shown in RM.
7. The total pillow will appear according to the number of pillows the customer
has input.
8. The total blanket will appear according to the number of blankets the
customer has input.
9. The total fee which is the total homestay fee including the total price for extra
pillows and blankets will be shown.
10. The price before discount will show the price in RM.

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 11. The discount will be calculated if the customer chooses to reserve the
homestay in december.
12. The price after discount will show the price including the discount and it will
be the final fee.

13. The system will ask once again whether the customer wants to make any
more changes.

14. If the customer makes any changes in their reservation, the final receipt will
be shown with a new price, however if the customer does not make any
changes the receipt will not change.

Process

1. The user must input a value to use the system whether as a customer or staff
member.
2. The customer must input their name and phone number.
3. The customer must input the number of nights they wish to stay in the homestay.
4. The customer must choose the type of homestay that they wish to stay in.
5. The customer must input the date for their reservation, in terms of day, month and
year.
6. The customer must make a choice whether they want an extra pillow or extra blanket
or both.
7. The system will ask the customer if they want to make any changes. The customer
can add, delete or cancel the changes.
8. The system will show the output for the payment process for each reservation,
including the payment before and after discount.

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Flowchart

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 5. Paradigms significance

1. Java
● One of the most popular programming languages used to create Web
applications and platforms.
● Designed for flexibility, allowing developers to write code that would run on
any machine.
● Used to build applications and platforms for a number of devices, including
computers, laptops, gaming consoles, smartphones, navigation systems and
medical monitoring devices.
● A key language for networking, particularly for data centres that store and
transfer Web-based data.
● Object-oriented and class-based.
● Code can be run securely on nearly any other platform, regardless of the
operating system or architecture of the device, as long as the device has a
Java Runtime Environment (JRE) installed.
● Java is more robust and can be used as the sole programming language for
an application.
● Strong choice for the development of web applications, for user interfaces
and frameworks.
● Fully functional programming languages that can be used for independent
programs.
● Java’s slogan is “Write once, run everywhere”. Java programs are
cross-compatible between Windows, Mac and Linux.

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2. Python
● An interpreted high-level general-purpose programming language.
● Often described as a “batteries included” language due to its comprehensive
standard library.
● Incredibly easy to use and learn for new beginners and newcomers.
● One of the most accessible programming languages available because it has
simplified syntax and is not complicated. Easily written and executed much
faster than other programming languages.
● Python supports three types of programming paradigms.
1. Object Oriented programming paradigms.
2. Procedure Oriented programming paradigms.
3. Functional programming paradigms.
● Hundreds of python libraries and frameworks. The user can select and save
their time and effort in the initial cycle of development.
● Versatility, efficiency, reliability and speed. Python can be used in nearly any
kind of environment, and the user will not face any kind of performance loss.
It can be used in many varieties of environments such as mobile applications,
desktop applications, web development, hardware programming and many
more.
● Can help in automation of tasks as there are lots of tools and modules
available, which makes things much more comfortable for the user to use.
● Strong choice for the development of web applications, for scripting and
database application.
● Can easily be used for script extensions as well as stand-alone programs.
● Its ability to integrate other code fragments and support different programming
paradigms.

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