Unit 1 Working in the IT industry

Jobs in ITTranslation
developer (n) a person that works on a new idea,
product, etc.
analyse (v) to examine something carefully so
that you understand what it is or why
it happens
area (n) a particular subject, range of activities,
or group of related subjects
database analyst (n) a person who is responsible for the
design of databases
design (v) to draw or plan something that you
will make, plan or build
electronic data (n) information in a computer
IT support (n) assistance with computer and
software products
password (n) a secret word that allows you to use a
computer system or enter a place
programmer (n) someone whose job is to write
digital code [= sets of instructions for
computers]
responsibility (n) if something is your responsibility, it is
your job to do it
solve (v) to find a successful way to discover
how to do something
username (n) a personal name that you use when
using a computer system
Meeting People
contact number (n) a telephone number where someone
can be found if necessary
good luck (n phr) we say this to someone when we
hope they will be successful in
something they are going to do
good morning we say this when we meet someone
(n phr) in the morning
introduce (v) if you introduce people who are
meeting for the first time, you tell them
each other's names
job (n) your job is work that you do regularly
in order to receive money
network a person responsible for firewalls,
administrator (n) security levels, wireless connection,
usernames and passwords
personal (adj) belonging or relating to one particular
person
system analyst (n) someone whose job it is to study
a company's computer needs and
provide them with suitable software
and equipment
system a person responsible for the
maintenance maintenance of hardware and
officer (n) software on a computer network
team leader (n) a person who gives guidance,
instruction, direction, etc. to a group of
other people at work
welcome (v) to say hello in a friendly way to
someone who has just arrived
work (v) to do a job in order to earn money
 Schedules
begin (v) to start doing something, or to start to
happen
attend (v) to go to an event such as a meeting
or a class
break (n) a period of time when you stop
working in order to rest or eat
end (v) if something ends, or if you end it, it
finishes or stops
finish (v) to come to the end of doing or making
something
schedule (n) a plan of what someone is going to do
and when they are going to do it
session (n) a period of time used for a particular
activity, especially by a group of
people
start (v) to begin doing something
tired (adj) feeling that you want to sleep or rest
workshop (n) a meeting at which people try to
improve their skills by discussing
their experiences and doing practical
exercises
Spelling
acronym (n) a word made up from the first letters
of the name of something
employee (n) someone who is paid to work for
someone else
organise (v) to plan and arrange an event or
activity
participant (n) someone who is taking part in an
activity or event
protocol (n) a method for connecting computers
so that they can exchange information
responsible (adj) having a duty to be in charge of or to
look after something
stand for (phr v) to represent a word, phrase or idea
trainee (n) someone who is being trained for a
job
understand (v) if you understand something that is
spoken or written, you know what it
means

Unit 2 Computer systems

Computer hardware
case (n) the box of a computer that contains the hardware

CPU (Central the part of a computer that controls

Processing Unit) (n) what it does
fast (adj) moving or happening quickly
hard disk drive (n) a piece of equipment in a computer
that is used to store information
keyboard (n) a set of keys on a computer which you
press to produce letters, numbers,etc.

light (adj) not heavy

memory (n) the part of a computer where
information is stored
monitor (n) a piece of computer equipment with
a screen that shows information or
pictures
motherboard (n) a board where all the circuits of a
computer are placed
mouse (n) a small object connected to a
computer, that you move with your
hand and press to make the computer
do things
optical disk drive (n) a disk drive that uses a laser to read
and write data on disks
power supply unit supplies power to the other
(n) components in a computer

Computer software
application (n) a computer program
efficient (adj) if someone or something is efficient,
they work well without wasting time,
money or energy
image (n) a picture, for example, on a computer
package (n) a set of related programs sold
together for use on a computer
process (v) to print a picture from a photographic
film
software (n) programs that a computer uses to do
different jobs
strength (n) a particular quality or ability that gives
something or someone an advantage
system (n) several pieces of equipment that are
connected to each other and work
together
user-friendly easy to use, understand or operate
(adj)
version (n) a copy of something that has been
changed so that it is slightly different
Computer usage
access (v) to enter, for example a website
automatic (adj) an automatic machine is designed
to work without needing someone to
operate it for each part of a process
back up (phr v) to make a copy of information stored
on a computer
colleague (n) someone you work with; this term
is used especially by professional
people
copy (v) to make a document that is exactly
the same as an earlier or original one
usage (n) the way in which something is used
website (n) a place on the internet where you
can find information about something,
especially a particular organisation

Computer usage
access (v) to enter, for example a website
automatic (adj) an automatic machine is designed
to work without needing someone to
operate it for each part of a process
back up (phr v) to make a copy of information stored
on a computer
colleague (n) someone you work with; this term
 is used especially by professional
people
copy (v) to make a document that is exactly
the same as an earlier or original one
usage (n) the way in which something is used
website (n) a place on the internet where you
can find information about something,
especially a particular organisation
Working with computers
burn (v) if you burn a CD or DVD, you record
music, images or other information
onto it using special computer
equipment
connect (v) to join something to a computer or
telephone network
insert (v) to put something inside or into
something else
install (v) to put a piece of equipment
somewhere and connect it so that you
can use it
move (v) to take something and put it in a
different place or position
office (n) a room where someone works at a
desk or where people work together
run (v) to make a computer program work
set up (phr v) to install and make a new computer
system work for the first time
troubleshoot (v) to solve problems that a computer is
having

Unit 3 Websites
Website analytics
action (n) something that you do
invisible (adj) if something is invisible, you cannot
see it
map (n) a visual guide of a website
meta tag (n) the HTML or XHTML used to provide
metadata about a website
movement (n) when people move from one place to
another on a website
number (n) an amount of something that you can
count, for example the number of
times someone visits a website
profile (n) a short description that gives the main
details of what someone or something
is like
report (n) a written or spoken description of a
situation or event
traffic (n) used to describe movement on the
Internet
visitor (n) someone who visits a website
Website development
content (n) all the things that are part of a website
development the process of growing, changing, or
(n) making something
feature (n) an important or interesting part of
something
HTML (n) hypertext markup language: language
used for producing pages of writing
and pictures that can be put on the
 Internet
monitor (v) to carefully watch and check a
situation in order to see how it
changes over a period of time
publish (v) to make a website available for people
to visit
specialist (n) someone who knows a lot about a
particular subject
specification (n) a clear statement of what is needed or
wanted on a website

Website purpose
develop (v) to grow, change, or make something,
for example a website
guide (n) something which provides information
and advice on a particular subject
inform (v) to formally tell someone about
something
information (n) facts or details about something
product (n) something that is made and sold by a
company
promote (v) to try to make something happen or
help something be successful
purpose (n) the thing that you want to achieve
when you do or use something
sell (v) to offer something for people to buy,
or to exchange a product or service
for money
service (n) help or work that a business provides
for customers, rather than goods
produced by a business
share (v) to let other people have or use
something
visit (v) to look at a website on the internet
website (n) a place on the internet where you can
find out information about something

Unit 4 Databases
Data processing / Data storage and back-up
arrange (v) to put things in a particular order or
pattern
data coding cleaning data and double-checking for
(v phr) faults and inconsistencies
data collection gathering raw data which you want to
(v phr) process
data entry typing data into a database using a
(v phr) keyboard; entering data into a system
data sorting the process of electronically sorting
(v phr) data; arranging and systemising data
data tabulation creating categories to organise data
(v phr) into relevant groups
data validation arranging data into table format so
(v phr) that it can be analysed
format (n) the way in which something is
organised or designed
record (n) information that you write down and
keep so that you can look at it later
remote (adj) far away
spreadsheet (n) a computer program that you use
for showing and calculating lists of
numbers
table (n) a set of numbers or facts that are
arranged in rows

Database basics
column (n) numbers or words written under each
other down a page
data (n) information or facts
database (n) a large amount of information stored
in a computer system
enter (v) to put information somewhere, such
as into a computer
field (n) a type of work that people are
involved in
finance (n) a department connected with the
control of how money should be
spent, especially in a company
problem (n) something difficult that you have to
deal with or solve
row (n) a line of things next to each other
store (v) to keep information in a computer
Database basics
column (n) numbers or words written under each
other down a page
data (n) information or facts
database (n) a large amount of information stored
in a computer system
enter (v) to put information somewhere, such
as into a computer
field (n) a type of work that people are
involved in
finance (n) a department connected with the
control of how money should be
spent, especially in a company
problem (n) something difficult that you have to
deal with or solve
row (n) a line of things next to each other
store (v) to keep information in a computer
Database system benefits
customer (n) someone who buys goods or services
from a shop, company, etc.
customer relations the part of a company that deals with
(n) customers’ questions, problems, etc
human resources the department in a company that
(n) deals with employing, training, and
helping people
marketing (n) the department in a company that
decides how to advertise a product,
what price to charge for it, etc.
production (n) the department in a company that
makes things
report (n) a written or spoken description that
gives people the information they
need
sales (n) the part of a company that deals with
selling products
solution (n) a way of solving a problem or dealing
 with a difficult situation
stock management the department in a company that
(n) deals with managing the stock of a
product

Unit 5 E-commerce
E-commerce companies
B2B, business to the business of selling a product or
business (n phr) service to another business rather
than the public
B2C, business to the business of selling a product or
consumer (n phr) service to the public rather than to
another business
C2C, consumer to when a person sells a product or
consumer (n phr) service to another member of the
public via a website
convenience (n) the quality of being suitable or useful
for a particular purpose, especially by
making something easier or saving
you time
M-commerce, the buying or selling of goods via
mobile commerce mobile devices
(n phr)
presence (n) the ability to gain sales because your
website is strong or noticeable
spend (v) to use money to pay for goods or
services
supermarket (n) a very large shop that sells food,
drinks and things that people need
regularly in their homes

E-commerce features
account (n) what you get when you register with a
website and give them your personal
details in order to buy a product or
service
basket (n) the list of items that you buy at one
time from a website
check-out (n) an area on a website where you pay
for the items in your basket
debit card (n) a plastic bank card with your signature
on that you can use to pay for things;
the money is taken directly from your
bank account
E-commerce (n) electronic commerce when people
buy and sell goods and services using
a computer and the internet
item (n) a product on a website, which is
available to buy
order (n) goods that you have ordered on a
website
reach (v) to get to a particular level or amount
touch (v) to put your hand or finger on
something

Online transactions
bank (n) an organisation where you can keep
your money safely until you need it;
you can also borrow or change money
in a bank
complete (v) to finish doing or making something
confirmation (n) something telling you that something
is definitely true or will definitely
happen
gateway (n) an entrance to another computer
network; a way of connecting two
computer networks
payment (n) the act of paying for something
rejection (n) the act of not accepting
server (n) the main computer on a network,
which controls all the others
technology (n) new machines, equipment and ways
of doing things that are based on
modern knowledge about science and
computers

Transaction security
attack (n) an attempt to cause damage or injury
authentication (n) proof that something is true or real
connection (n) when two or more machines or
telephones are joined together or
joined to a larger system, using an
electrical connection
encrypt (v) to protect information by putting it into
a special code that only some people
can read
firewall (n) a system that protects a computer
network and prevents other people
from using it or damaging it
hacker (n) someone who uses computers to
secretly use or change the information
in another person's computer system
layer (n) one of several different levels in a
system
online (adj) connected to the internet, or available
through the internet
perimeter (n) the boundary between the public part
of a network and the private part
restricted (adj) limited to a small group of people or
things
security (n) something that protects a website
from attacks
transaction (n) a business deal or action such as
buying or selling something

Unit 6 Network systems

Network range and speed
bandwidth (n) the amount of information that can
be carried through a computer
connection at one time
bit (n) the smallest unit of information that a
computer uses
describe (v) to say what someone or something is
like or what happened
distance (n) the amount of space between two
places or things
feet (n pl) [singular = foot] a unit for measuring
length, equal to 12 inches or about 30
centimetres
meeting (n) the event which takes place when
a group of people meet to discuss
something
metre (n) a unit for measuring length, equal to
100 centimetres [= meter American
English]
metric (adj) using the system of weighing and
measuring that is based on the
kilogram and the metre
range (n) the amounts or numbers between two
limits
second (n) one of the 60 parts that a minute is
divided into

Networking hardware
bridge (n) connects networks and sends
packages of data between them
hub (n) channels incoming data and shares
the bandwidth among the devices
present on a network
modem (n) a device that modulates or
demodulates data into a digital or
analog signal
necessary (adj) if something is necessary, you need it
repeater (n) a device that receives and delivers
signals; it sends the digital signals
further on in the network
router (n) a piece of electronic equipment on a
computer network that controls the
movement of information around the
network; it connects networks that use
the same protocol
speed (n) how quickly something happens
suggest (v) to mention something that would be
suitable for a particular purpose
switch (n) a device that channels incoming data
but maintains the bandwidth speed
wireless access a device that allows wireless devices
point (n) to connect to a wireless network
Talking about the past
ago (adv) used to show how far back in the past
something happened
career (n) a job or profession that you have
been trained for, and which you do for
a long period of your life
create (v) to invent or design something
creation (n) the act of creating something
graduate (v) to obtain a degree, especially a first
degree, from a college or university
leave (v) to go away from a place
last week (phr) during the most recent week
launch (v) to make a new product available
yesterday (adv) the day before today
Types of network
 apartment (n) especially American English a set of
rooms on one floor of a large building,
where someone lives
[= flat British English]
equipment (n) the things that you use for a particular
activity
LAN, Local Area a system that connects computers
Network (n phr) to each other within a building or
organization so that people can use
and work on the same information
network (n) a system of things that are connected
with each other
private (adj) owned by one person or group and
not available for others to use
recommend (v) to tell someone that something is
good or enjoyable
shop (n) a place where you buy things
travel (v) to go to one place from another or to
several places
VPN, Virtual Private a computer network that uses the
Network (n phr) internet to transfer information
securely
WAN, Wide Area a computer network that covers large
Network (n phr) areas
recommendation (n) a suggestion about what someone
should do

Unit 7 IT support
Fault diagnosis / Software repair
cable (n) wires that carry electricity or
telephone signals
charger (n) a piece of equipment used to put
electricity into a battery
defragment (v) to change the way in which the files
on a computer's hard drive are stored
and organised, by putting related
information together so that the
computer works more effectively
disconnected (adj) to describe when two things that are
connected are separated
help desk ticket (n) a ticket with a number that allows an
IT help desk to track requests for help
from users
plugged (adj) connected to the main supply of
electricity, or to another piece of
electrical equipment
switch off (phr v) to make a machine or light stop
working by moving a button
tight (adj) describes a cable connection that is in
correctly and firmly
type (n) a group of things that are similar to
each other in some way
unplugged (adj) not connected to the main supply
of electricity, or to another piece of
electrical equipment
upgrade (v) to change something so that it is
better or more modern
Hardware repair / Customer service
anti-static wrist strap an device used by a person working
(n) on electronic equipment to prevent
the build-up of static electricity on their
 body [= electrostatic discharge]
cause (n) a person, event or thing that makes
something happen
diagnosis (n) the process of discovering exactly
what is wrong with something, by
examining it closely
fix (v) to repair something
hex key set (n) a set of tools used to drive bolts and
screws into a hexagonal socket
insertion / extraction used for inserting and removing fibre
clipper (n) connectors in tight spaces
multimeter (n) a device that measures electronic
properties and is used to find
electrical problems in batteries, power
supplies, and wiring systems
pliers (n pl) a tool for cutting wire or pulling nails
out of wood
screen (n) the part of a computer where the
picture or information appears
screwdriver (n) a tool that you use for turning screws
system diagnostic a device that tests a computer system
card (n) as it boots up and identifies errors in
the system
three prong holder a small tool with three prongs used for
(n) repairing computers
tweezers (n) a small tool consisting of two thin
pieces of metal joined at one end;
you use tweezers for picking up small
things
wire cutter (n) a tool used for cutting wires
wire stripper (n) a tool used for cutting wire or
removing insulation

Unit 8 IT security and safety

Security procedures / Reporting incidents
antivirus software a type of software that looks for and
(n) removes viruses in programs and
documents on your computer
damage (n) physical harm that breaks or spoils
something
double check (phr v) to check something again so that you
are completely sure
incident (n) something unusual, serious or violent
that happens
misuse (n) the use of something in the wrong
way or for the wrong purpose
notify (v) to tell someone something officially
safety (n) the state of being safe from danger or
harm
sensitive (adj) a situation or subject that is sensitive
needs to be dealt with very carefully
because it is secret or because it may
offend people
transfer (v) to move someone or something from
one place to another
Security solutions
adware (n) software that automatically plays
advertisements on a computer
browser hijacker software that replaces the user’s
(n phr) search engine with its own
gain (v) to get something that is important,
useful, or valuable
infect (v) if a virus infects your computer or
disks, it changes or destroys the
information in them
malware (n) software designed to secretly access
a computer system
[= malicious software]
replace (v) to get something new to use instead
of the one you use now
spyware (n) computer software that secretly
records information about which
websites you visit and sends
information about the use of your
computer
Trojan (n) a type of computer virus
unauthorised (adj) without official approval or permission
virus (n) a type of software that can copy
itself and can destroy or damage
information stored in the computer
worm (n) a type of computer virus that can
make copies of itself and destroy
information on computers that are
connected to each other; it spreads
without the user taking action
Workstation health and safety
advice (n) an opinion you give someone about
what they should do
cleaner (n) a substance used to clean things
clearance (n) the process of getting official
permission or approval for something
flat (adj) smooth and level, without any raised
parts
glare (n) a bright unpleasant light which hurts
your eyes
health and safety an area of government and law
(n phr) concerned with people's health and
safety, especially at work
polish (n) a substance used for polishing things
shut down (phr v) to turn off a computer
tilt (v) to move a part of your body,
especially your head or chin, upwards
or to the side