WMurotte x clemenstale ae eS UL, 9a fit a ee , oO YEO ef UL Pete, cash tahga Moet ym thos nu infe yN/ SUR. jopaniTe” P Gat ie de a conhua, 3 gfe: peat os Hei eit mefiva > nq weg ee pune > pedsese ! (ee vbsmat we breube i a donale, nent, mick ; ie 7 foaligate cur SUCCES, momen te eee Abia Make @ Y Heep woking Farcler- ancl Aaceles. eG ho Mer wor GNE gine upp Get bach anh pol. Age sheng Jo prove Kat war mikade Fig hte onal ART iKEY POINTS _ 1 Pasttense forms are used in imaginary (hypothetical) situations alter It’s ) time and Id rather when followed by a person, Its timerwe left Wishes about the present use a past tense form, and wishes about the past use a past perfect form. \ L 3 Wisit>with would re ges. ler to annoying hal or to possible future 4 Wish and hope cannot be used in the same way, Wishes can be for impossible ’ things, but hopes only for possible things ; Withaperson: hope you have a good time. Thope you won't be late. Wish cannot be used in this way. With theinfinitive: hope to see you next week. Wish with the infinitive means foans{a polite meaning). Twish to see you next week. \ Note also the formal expressions: Ny We wish you a happy New Year/every happiness/luck. En falger od pace pm yon fo boy qa Ce ( Ecare 7113) ) Vc eae id tke ” ( na! ) Phe fe = a buy, Woden hat Bel you Want FAVE aga Peecae ) CO) Weep Pebuese . Des wondth/r. ip aoe D wa, Looky p> ~~Conditionals / Wishes / Unreal Past ©) had better = should We use had better + infinitive without ‘to’ to give advice or to say what the best thing to do in ‘a particular situation is. | had better + present infinitive without to'(presentfuture reference) We had better stop smoking. (= We should stop smoking ) It would have been better it + past pertect (past reference) ‘It would have been better if you hadn't lied to her. (: ‘You shouldn't have lied to her.) Vd (would) rather = I'd prefer | ‘* when the subject of I'd rather + present infinitive without ‘to’ (presentfuture reference) _ ‘would rather is also the perfect infinitive without ‘to’ (past reference) | ‘Subject of the following I'd rather go to the shops tomorrow. I'd rather not have gone out verb yesterday. © when the subject of 'd rather sb + past simple (presentfuture reference) | would rather is different past perfect (past reference) | from the subject of the I'd rather you studied a litle more. | following verb ''d rather you hadn't lied to me. «preter + -ing form!noun + to + -ing form/noun (general preference) | prefer (watching) TV to | (going to) the cinema. | © prefer + full infinitive + rather than + infinitive without ‘to’ (general preference) I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. ‘© would prefer + full infinitive + rather than + infinitive without ‘to’ (specific preference) 1'd prefer to write to him rather than call him. ‘* would rather + infinitive without ‘to’ + than + infinitive without ‘to’ (specific preference) 1'd rather buy a new dress than have this one taken in, a Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. 1. A: Would you like to go to the theatre this evening? B: Great idea. We had better .....neserve. (reserve) our seats. 2. A: I didn't enjoy the exhibition very much. B: Me neither. | would rather they (display) more modem art 3. A: Did you enjoy the concert last weekend? B: No, I'd rather (go) to the cinema. 4 A: Do you read many books? B: No, | prefer (watch) television to (read) books. 5 A: You had better (train) hard for the race next month. B: | will | want to win a medal. 6 A: I'drather you (not/wear) your shoes inside the house. B: No problem. Ill take them off 7 A: I'm going to walk into the city centre. B: Then you'd better (wear) your raincoat. It's going to rain later. 8 A: Shall take the lawnmower into the shed? B: I'd rather you (notimove) it. 'm going to use it later. A» hk© _ Conditionats / Wishes / Unreal Past a Underline the correct tense. ‘Supposing you had seen/had been seen taking the money, what would you have done? Paul acted as i he owns/owned the company. | wish | wentshad gone to the concert last night. It's high time you learnt/had learnt how to cook. Suppose you saw/had seen someone getting mugged, what would you do? It's about time we replaced/had replaced the old printer. I'd rathor you hadn't told/didn't tell ovoryone my secret at the party last night | would have prepared some sandwiches if | knew/had known you were visiting. I'd rather you didn't turn on/hadn't turned on the TV when I'm reading. It only | didn't break/hadn’t broken my dad's camera. He's very angry with me. Seavanseonas @ Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. 1 Suppose you met. (meet) a famous actor, would you ask him for his autograph? 2 wish! (ask) my parents’ advice before | decided to buy the house. 3. Alan says he would rather (prepare) the dinner by himset. 4 I'd rather you (send) me a letter than an email. 5. Supposing | needed to borrow some money, (youllend) some to me? 6 She isn't a trained ballerina but she dances as if she (be). 7 you hadn't left early, you (hear) Tom playing the guitar. 8 I wioh Alan (nevichange) jobs; i's not the same here without him. @ ‘Complete the sentences, as in the example. 1. Your friends want to go surfing but you just want to sunbathe, What do you say? [would preter .to.2unbathe rather.than go.surfing, 2 You parents want you to take out the rubbish. You want your brother to do it. What do you say? Vd rather 3. Your brother has started playing the violin. You want him to stop practising late at night. What do you say” a rater you 4 You friend has the flu. You think she should go to the doctor. What do you say? You'd better 5 Your parents have offered to buy you an MP3 player for your birthday rather than the computer you ha ‘asked for. What do you say? 'd rather you 6 Your friend has asked i you'd like to go to the beach. You want to stay at home. What do you say? | would prefer 7. Your friend eats a lot of junk food. You think she should eat less. What do you say? You had better 8 Your parents ask if you enjoyed your visit to the museum. You regret having gone. What do you say? 'd rather A ise &FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE, 1 Underline the most suitable verb form In each sentence. A Lwish Peter doesn’ live / didn’ tive / wouldn's live so far away from the town centre. Weill have to take a taxi I feel rather cold. 1 wish I brought / had brought my pullover with me. What a pity! Iwish we don't have to / didn't have to / wouldn't have to leave. | wish you tell fold / had told me about the test. I haven't done any revision. wish the people next door hadn't made / wouldn't make / couldn't make so much noise. [can't hear myself think! 6 Darling, Tove you su anuch! I wish we are / fd been / would be / could be together always! § 7 Tm sorry I missed your birthday party. I really wish I come / came / had come / would come. 8 Llike my new boss but I wish she gave / would give / could give me some more responsibility. 9 Having a lovely time in Brighton. I wish you are / were / had been here. 10 This car was a complete waste of money. I wish I didn't buy / hadr't bought it. 2. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable verb form. 1 This train journey seems endless! I wish we (go) ...hiad. game. bycar 2. wish I (have) the money to buy some new clothes, but | cant afford any at the moment. 3. wish the government (do) something about the pollution here, 4. Tm getting really soaked! I wish I (not forget) my umbrella 3. Iwish you (not do). wow that! It a really annoying habit, 6 That was a lovely meal, but wish I (not eat) seven $0 mausch, 7 wish I (study) harder for my exams. I'm not going to pass. 8 Lwich you (not leave) v your dirty shoes in your bedroom! 9 I'm afraid I have no idea where Pat has gone. I wish I (know)... 10 I really enjoyed our trip to the theatre. I wish we (go) .. + more often. 3 Underline the most suitable verb form in each sentence. Sorry to ask you, but Id rather you pay / paid me 1n advance. Imagine you live / lived in New York. How would you feel? fonly I have / had / would have a screwdriver with me. Ifyou want to catch the last train, it’s time you leave / eft. Td rather you dorit / didn’t tell anyone about our conversation. 1 feel really tired. Ifonly { didn’t stay up / hadn't stayed up s0 late last night. Ifyou don't mind, Td snaner you practiced /Ihad practised / would practise your violin somewhere else. Its high time you learn / learned to look after yourself Jean thinks that everyone likes her. If only she knows / knew what people say bohind her back! 10 Td rather we stay / stayed at home this Christmas for a change. waukune eeGRAMMAR 7 WISHES AND RELATED FORMS 4 Look carefully at each line, Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which should not be there. Tick each correct line. Ifa line has a word which should not be there, write the word in the space. © Losing your memory Irexgine i that one day you woke up and i F cascovered that you nad completely ost your hei memory. How would you have feel exactly? 1 | eve thought about thie recenity altar | was 2 | involved ina traf accicant. | woke up in 3 F hospital and sad to mysalt t's the tme 1 4 got up and have went to school” | soon realized 5 6 7 8 9 my mistake. A nurse came in and asked to me what my name was. | thought about it for a | mement and then said, I weuict wish | knew!" Then | tried to get up. Td rather preter | you didnt do tht,’ said the ruse. ‘Don't worry 10 | yout have it your memery back s00n. 14 E ‘lwish you hadn't have seid that,’ replied. 12 "Now | am realy worried! f hack looked 18 {ny walle, | wouldrt nave been known my 4 ‘own name!" Unfurtunately my memory soon came 16 F back, and | realzod I had a mathe test the next day! 5 Put each verb in brackets into a suitable verb form. 1. What can we da to get in touch with Robert? If only we (know) RN... is phone number. 2 Come on children! It’s time you (be) ined 3 Actually 1a rather you (not smoke) win here, 4 Suppose you (see) ghost. What would you do? 5. I'm so annoyed about breaking my leg. lt only I (be) = careful! Its high time you (start Ta rather you (not pu) T've no idea where we are! If only we (have) Your hair is rather long. Don't you think Its time you (have) . a haircut? 10 Visiting museums is interesting, but Id sooner we (go) «. swimming, working more seriously. your coffee un top of my book. amap. een 4sFIKST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE 6 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, usiny the word given. Dy not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 It would be nice to be able to play the piano. could, Twish T....eauld play the piano. 2. Please dont eat in the classroom, you Fe rather an 3. I think we should leave now. we I think its : 4. What a pity we ate all the food, classroom. left .-all the food! 5 wish 1 -avideo. 6 Don't shout all the time, it’s so annoying! wouldn't I " 7 Idon't want you to buy me a present. sooner 1. 8 I dont like being so tal shout all the time! .- buy mea present. so tall 9 work wom, Its. work. 10 I regrot not going to university. had Ten to university.4 GRAMMAR ? WISHES AND RELATED FORMS (Sorry, tut its ime we went home. ») Key points. = ¥ Wishes about the present use a past tense form, and wishes about the past use a past perfect form. Twish [had a scooter. (now) Tish you haditt done that. (pest) 2 Wishes with would refer either to annoying habits or to something we would like to happen. t Trish you'd stop worrying 2o much! (annoying habit) wish City would play like that more often! (would like it to happen) 3. Past tense forms arc used after It’s tinie and Ii rather to show an imaginary situation es me we left A. Lhope is used only for wishes that are actually possible. hope you have a good time. SEE ALSO. Consolidation 2: Units 5-8 a”