KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN, GUWAHATI REGION

PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION-I
SESSION- 2023-24
Class: SUB. CODE: 044 SUBJECT: BIOLOGY MAX.TIME: 3 HRS TOTAL MARKS:
XII 70

MARKING SCHEME
S. SECTION-A MARK
N S
O.

1 During transcription, the site of DNA molecule at which RNA polymerase binds is 1
called
(a) promoter

2 Animal vectors are required for pollination in 1

(c) Yucca

3 Match column I containing transgenic organisms with their specific characteristics 1

in column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
Column I Column II
A. Golden rice (i) Protein-enriched milk
B. Bt cotton (ii) Enriched with vitamin A
C. Rosie cow (iii) High yield and pest resistant
(a) A-(ii),B-(iii),C-(i)

4 Total number of individuals of a species per unit area and per unit time is called 1
(b) population density

5 Gel electrophoresis is used for 1

(d) Separation of DNA fragments according to their size

6 Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes. 1
Column I Column II
A. Turner’s syndrome (i) Trisomy
B. Linkage (ii) AA+XO
C. Y-chromosome (iii) Morgan
D. Down’s syndrome (iv) Male only
(d)A-(ii),B-(iii),C-(iv),D-(i)
7 The primate which existed 15mya was 1
(c) Ramapithecus
8 After an injury, usually ATS injection is given. It provides 1
(b) passive immunity against bacteria.
9 How does vaccination work? 1
(d) All of these.

10 Which one of the following can be used as biofertiliser? 1

(d)All of these
11 In laboratory experiments, two species of Paramecium (species 1 and 2) were grown 1
alone and in the presence of the other species. The following graphs show growth of
species 1 and species 2, both alone and when in mixed culture with the other species.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the graphs?

(c) Both species are affected by interspecific competition but species 2 is affected
less.

12 Match column I (terms) with column II (definitions) and select the correct option from 1
the codes given below.

Column I Column II
A. Parturition (i) Attachment of embryo to endometrium
B. Gestation (ii) Release of egg from Graafian follicle
C. Ovulation (iii) Delivery of baby from uterus
D. Implantation (iv) Duration between pregnancy and birth
E. Menopause (v) Zygote formation by fusion of the egg and sperm.
(vi) Stoppage of menstruation
(d)A-(iii),B-(iv),C-(ii),D-(i),E-(vi)

13 Given below is the figure of a transverse section of a young anther. It depicts a 1

bilobed, tetragonal structure consisting of four microsporangia located at the
corners; two in each lobe. Study this figure and comment upon the appropriateness

of the Assertion and the Reason.

Assertion: ‘X ’represents innermost wall layer tapetum.
 Reason: ‘X’ performs the function of protection only.
(c) A is true but R is false.

14 Assertion: Lion and jackal both feed on other animals. 1

Reason: Lion is a predator and jackal is a scavanger.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

15 Assertion: The amount of energy decreases at successive trophic levels. 1

Reason: Energy does not remain trapped permanently in any organism, it is either
passed on to higher trophic level or becomes available to detritivores and
decomposers after the organism dies.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

16 Assertion: The primary productivity of different ecosystems can be easily compared. 1

Reason: The magnitude of primary productivity does not depend on the
photosynthetic capacity of producers and the prevailing environmental conditions.
(c) A is true but R is false.

S.NO SECTION-B MA
RK
S

17 Agarose gel electrophoresis- 1 2

In this technique DNA molecules are separated according to their size, under the influence
of an electric field (DNA being negatively charged moves from cathode to anode)- 1
18 Microsporum and Trichophyton- 1 2
Appearance of dark scaly lesions on skin nails and scalp.
These lesions are accompanied by intense itching- 1
19 Emasculation is the removal of anthers of a bisexual flower in order to prevent self 2
pollination. Bagging involvescovering of emasculated flowers by butter paper or
polythene in oeder to protect them from contamination by foreign or undesirable
pollen. - 1
They are important steps of artificial hybridization technique used in crop
improvement programmes. - 1
20 (a) A- Natality/ immigration 2

(b) Nt+1= Nt+[(B+I)-(D+E)]

OR
Death rate is per capita death in a population during a particular time
Death rate=8/80=0.1 butterflies per week
21 (a)‘A’- Meiosis. ‘B’- Mitosis- 1 2
(b) ‘C’-Parthenogenesis- 1
S.NO SECTION-C MA
RK
S
22 Palindromic nucleotide sequences are base pair sequences that are the same when read 3
forward (left to right) or backward (right to left) from a central axis of symmetry. 1
This special sequence in the DNA is recognised by restriction endonuclease
(endonucleases are restriction enzymes that make cuts at specific positions within the
DNA) and once restriction endonuclease recognises this specific palindromic
sequence, it binds to the DNA and cuts each of the two strands of the double helix at
specific points in their sugar phosphate backbone. 1
Restriction enzymes cut the strand of DNA a little away from the centre of the
palindrome sites but between the same two bases of the opposite strands This leaves
single strandes unpaired bases at cut ends. These ends with unpaired bases are called
sticky ends or cohesive ends. The latter are named so because they form hydrogen
bonds with their complementary cut counter parts. The sticky ends facilitate the action
of the enzyme DNA ligase. 1

23 In the ABO system, there are four blood groups A. B. AB and O. ABO blood groups 3
are controlled by gene 1. The gene I has three alleles IA, IB and i. When more than two
alleles govern the same character, the phenomenon is known as multiple allelism. 1.5
IA and IB are completely dominant over i. When IA and IB are present together they
both express themselves and produce blood group AB. This shows the phenomenon of
co-dominance as it resembles both parents. 1.5

24 Turner's syndrome is a disorder caused due to the absence of one of X chromosomes 3

(monosomy) where the individual has 22 pairs of autosomes and X0 sex chromosomes
i.e.. 45 chromosomes. So, the karyotype will be 44+ X0. 1
Symptoms: (any two)
(i) Sterile females (ii) Rudimentary ovaries (iii) Lack of secondary sexual characters
(iv) Webbed neck and broad chest (v) Underdeveloped breasts 2

25 (i) Vasa efferentia and vas deferens (any 3) 3

(ii) Spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis (any 3)

26 (a) ‘D’- Macrophages. 1 3
(b) ‘X’- RNA. 1
(c) ‘B’- Reverse transcriptase. 1

27 (a) In multiplication phase, the undifferentiated primordial germ cells divide several 3
times by mitosis to produce large number of spermatogonia. 1
(b) Both secondary spermatocyte and spermatid are haploid. Thus, both contain 23
chromosomes. 1
(c) FSH acts on spermatogonia to stimulate sperm production. 1

28 Non-native or alien species are often introduced inadvertently by man for their 3
economic and other uses. They often become invasive and drive away the local
species. For example:
(i) Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was introduced in Indian waters to reduce
pollution but it turned out to be a problematic species. It has clogged water bodies
including wetlands at many places resulting in death of several aquatic plants and
animals, 1
(ii) Nile Perch (a predator fish) was introduced in lake Victoria of South Africa. It
killed and eliminated ecologically unique assemblage of over 200 native species of
small cichlid fish. 1
(iii) African catfish Clarias gariepinus introduced for aquaculture in India posses threat
to indigenous catfishes. 1
or
Conservation of biodiversity is protection, uplift and scientific management of
biodiversity so as to maintain it at its optimum level and derive sustainable benefits for
the present as well as future generations. 1
 There are two types of conservation strategies in situ (on site) and ex situ (offsite).
In-situ conservation is conservation and protection of the whole ecosystem and its
biodiversity at all levels in their natural habitat in order to protect the threatened
species. It involves hotspots and protected areas. Hotspots are areas of high endemism
and high level of species richness. Protected areas are ecological/ biogeographical
areas where biological diversity along with natural and cultural resources is protected,
maintained and managed through legal or other effective measures. Protected areas
include national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere reserves, 1
Ex-situ conservation is conservation of threatened plants and animals in places outside
their natural homes under full protection and supervision. It includes offsite collections
and gene banks. 1

S.NO. SECTION-D MA
RKS

29 In a plant species that follows Mendelian inheritance yellow flower colour is dominant 4
over white and round fruit shape is dominant over elongated. Crossing was performed
between two purelines- one having yellow-flower and round fruit and another with
white flower and elongated fruits. About 20 plants survived in F1 progeny. Plants of
F1 were allowed to self fertilise and about 960 plants survived in F2.

(a) All 20 plants 1

(b) Yellow flower and round fruit in F2 generation- 960x9/16= 540 2

(c) 1:1:1:1 1

OR

(c) Genotype of plants with yellow flower and elongated fruit- YYrr and Yyrr 1

30 4
(a) Both are antibodies. 1
(b) Inactivated/ attenuated/ weakened pathogen 1
(c) Antibody found in blood and produced by B lymphocytes. 2
OR
(c) Because of accelerated and intense antibody production during secondary immune
response. 2

S.NO. SECTION-E MA
RK
S
31 (a) Disease ‘X’ is Down’s syndrome caused due to non-disjunction of chromosome of 5
pair 21 during meiosis. 2

(b) 47 (Chromosome no 21 has 3 members) 2

(c) XY 1

OR

Drosophila melanogaster 1

(i) They could be grown on simple synthetic medium in the laboratory.

(ii) They complete their life cycle in about two weeks.
(iii) A single mating could produce a large number of progeny flies.
(iv) There was a clear differentiation of the sexes – the male and female flies are
easily distinguishable.
(v) It has many types of hereditary variations that can be seen with low power
microscopes.
(Any 4) 1x4

32 The given figure shows a foetus within the uterus. On the basis of the given figure, 5
answer the questions that follow:

(a) ‘B’ is umbilical cord. Embryo is connected to the placenta through an umbilical
cord which helps in transfer of substances to and from the embryo. 1

(b) Amniotic fluid. Through amniocentesis 1+1

(c) ‘A’ is placenta 1

The placenta facilitate the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the embryo and also
removal of carbon dioxide and excretory/waste materials produced by the embryo.
Placenta also acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones like human
chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), estrogens,
progestogens, etc. In the later phase of pregnancy, a hormone called relaxin is also
secreted by the ovary. (Any two points) 1

OR

(a) A- Thalamus. B- Seed. C- Endocarp. 1.5

(b) Because it contains thalamus in addition to ovary in fruit. 1.5

 (c) Endosperm- 3n, Scutellum or cotyledon- 2n. 2

33 (a) Denaturation- Explanation- 1 5

Annealing- Explanation- 1

Extension- Explanation- 1

(b) Diagnosis of pathogens, Diagnosis of specific mutations, DNA fingerprinting,

Prenatal diagnosis, Amplification of DNA, Gene therapy. (any two) 1x2

OR

In order to force bacteria to take up the plasmid, the bacterial cells must first be made
‘competent’ to take up DNA. This is done by treating them with a specific
concentration of a divalent cation, such as calcium, which increases the efficiency with
which DNA enters the bacterium through pores in its cell wall. Recombinant DNA can
then be forced into such cells by incubating the cells with recombinant DNA on ice,
followed by placing them briefly at 420C (heat shock), and then putting them back on
ice. This enables the bacteria to take up the recombinant DNA. 2

Microinjection, Gene gun, Disarmed pathogen (any 1) 1

Since DNA is a hydrophilic molecule, it cannot pass through cell membranes made up
of lipid bilayer (hydrophobic). Now if the desired gene of rDNA is to be expressed
then it must go inside the cell to express itself. 2

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