ANALYSIS OF AGORITHM

COMPLEX COMPUTING PROGRAMMING

MAHNOOR IRFAN
F2021266599
Contents
TITLE: Complex Computing Problem Statement...........................................................................1
ABSTRACT:...................................................................................................................................1
Introduction to Activity Selection Problem:....................................................................................1
Analyzation of brute force solution for the activity selection problem...........................................1
DEFINITION:..............................................................................................................................1
STEPS :........................................................................................................................................1
ALGORITHM..............................................................................................................................2
EXPLANATION.........................................................................................................................2
EXAMPLE...................................................................................................................................2
ANALYSIS..................................................................................................................................3
Time Complexity:........................................................................................................................3
Space Complexity:.......................................................................................................................3
Limitations...................................................................................................................................4
Not Appropriate for Optimization Problems:...........................................................................4
Lack of Adaptability.................................................................................................................4
Limited Applicability:..............................................................................................................4
Conclusion:..................................................................................................................................4
Design and analyze the dynamic programming solution for the activity selection problem...........4
STEPS:.........................................................................................................................................4
Sort activities:..............................................................................................................................4
Initialize dynamic program table.................................................................................................4
Define recurrence relation:...........................................................................................................4
Base Case: dp[0]=1......................................................................................................................5
Compute dynamic programming table.........................................................................................5
Maximum non overlapping activities..........................................................................................5
Backtrack (optional).....................................................................................................................5
.Final Result.................................................................................................................................5
.ALGORITHM:............................................................................................................................5
Explanation:.................................................................................................................................6
EXAMPLE:..................................................................................................................................6
ANALYSIS:.................................................................................................................................7
Time Complexity:........................................................................................................................7
Complexity of Space....................................................................................................................7
 LIMITATION:.............................................................................................................................7
Not appropriate for large input volumes..................................................................................7
Dependency on finish time sorting...........................................................................................7
Optimal solution.......................................................................................................................7
Useful for smaller instances.....................................................................................................8
Exchange of value....................................................................................................................8
Conclusion:..................................................................................................................................8
Design and analyze the greedy solution for the activity selection problem....................................8
Definition:....................................................................................................................................8
Important attributes:.....................................................................................................................8
Greedy Choice: Among the remaining compatible activities, the activity with the earliest finish
time is chosen at each stage of the algorithm to produce a locally optimal result.......................8
Optimal Substructure...................................................................................................................8
STEPS:.........................................................................................................................................8
Sort Activities:.............................................................................................................................8
Initialize Selected Activities........................................................................................................8
Select First Activity.....................................................................................................................8
Iterate Through Activities:...........................................................................................................8
Repeat Iteration:.......................................................................................................................9
Final Result...............................................................................................................................9
ALGORITHM:.............................................................................................................................9
Explanation:.................................................................................................................................9
EXAMPLE:..................................................................................................................................9
Greedy Selection:.......................................................................................................................10
ANALYSIS:...............................................................................................................................11
Complexity of Space:.................................................................................................................11
Advantages:................................................................................................................................11
Efficiency:..............................................................................................................................11
Simplicity:..............................................................................................................................11
Optimality:..............................................................................................................................11
Limitations.................................................................................................................................11
Particular to Activity Selection:.............................................................................................11
Conclusion:................................................................................................................................11
Overall Comparison:..................................................................................................................12
Time Complexity:...................................................................................................................12
 Space Complexity:.................................................................................................................12
Optimality:..............................................................................................................................12
Simplicity:..............................................................................................................................12
Scalabiity:...............................................................................................................................12
PREFERENCES........................................................................................................................13
Choosing best among these:.......................................................................................................13
The particular needs and limitations of the application will determine which of the greedy,
dynamic programming (DP), and brute force algorithms is the "best" solution for the activity
selection problem. Every algorithm has advantages and disadvantages....................................13
While brute force methods are thorough, they can be costly to compute. Dynamic
programming minimizes redundancy by optimizing solutions through sub problems............13
While greedy algorithms are straightforward and effective, global optimality may not always
be ensured..................................................................................................................................13
The decision should be based on the size of the problem, the amount of time and space
available, and the significance of coming up with the best solution. The best algorithm relies
on the particulars of the given problem; there is no one-size-fits-all solution...........................13
CONCUSION:...........................................................................................................................13

TITLE: Complex Computing Problem Statement

ABSTRACT:
This report explores the careful design and analysis of greedy, dynamic programming (DP), and
brute force algorithms in the context of the activity selection problem, all within the complex
domain of complex computing environments. The main goal is to investigate and assess these
algorithms' effectiveness and efficiency in the context of activity scheduling optimization. The
brute force method creates a baseline for comparison by conducting a thorough search through
every possible combination. By dividing the problem into smaller, overlapping sub problems and
using a memorization technique to prevent redundant computations, dynamic programming, on
the other hand, optimizes the solution. In contrast, the greedy algorithm selects options that are
locally optimal at each step in the hopes of reaching a global optimum. This report aims to
disentangle the complexities of these algorithms through a thorough analysis, highlighting their
individual advantages, disadvantages, and computational challenges. Through a close
examination of their performance in the particular context of the activity selection problem,
important knowledge about the trade-offs involved in algorithmic decisions in a complex
computing environment will be obtained. These observations have the capacity to direct
subsequent efforts in algorithmic design and optimization, advancing computational approaches
in various applications.

Introduction to Activity Selection Problem:

A basic difficulty in algorithm analysis, the Activity Selection Problem is especially relevant
when scheduling and resource optimization are involved. The task at hand is to choose the
maximum number of non-overlapping activities (each with a start and finish time) from a set.
Finding the ideal subset of tasks that can be completed without causing schedule conflicts and
maximizing overall productivity is the goal. Real-world situations like project management, task
scheduling, and event planning are all included in this problem. In order to determine the most
effective method for choosing activities, a variety of strategies, such as brute force, dynamic
programming, and greedy algorithms, are investigated in the algorithmic analysis of the Activity
Selection Problem. This problem's complex trade-off between computational complexity and
optimal solution lays the groundwork for comprehending algorithmic paradigms and their
applications in various scheduling contexts.

Analyzation of brute force solution for the activity selection problem.

DEFINITION:
The brute force approach involves trying out all possible combinations of activities and selecting
the one with the maximum number of non-overlapping activities. Using the brute force method,
every feasible combination of activities is tried out, and the combination with the greatest
number of non-overlapping activities is chosen.
STEPS:
Generate all possible subsets of activities.
For each subset, check if the activities within that subset are mutually compatible (i.e., their time
intervals do not overlap).
Keep track of the subset with the maximum number of activities.
ALGORITHM:
BruteForceActivitySelection(activities):
maxSubset = {}
for each subset in allSubsets(activities):
if activitiesInSubsetAreCompatible(subset):
if size(subset) > size(maxSubset):
maxSubset = subset
return maxSubset
EXPLANATION:
BruteForceActivitySelection(activities):This is the main function that takes a list of activities
(activities) as input and aims to find the maximum subset of non-conflicting activities.

MaxSubset = {}: Initializes an empty set (maxSubset) to keep track of the maximum subset
found during the iterations. This set will be updated whenever a larger compatible subset is
discovered.

for each subset in allSubsets(activities):Initiates a loop that iterates through all possible subsets
of activities. The function allSubsets(activities) generates all possible subsets of the given
activities.

if activitiesInSubsetAreCompatible(subset):Checks if the activities in the current subset are

compatible, meaning they do not conflict with each other. The
function activitiesInSubsetAreCompatible (subset) is assumed to perform this check.
if size(subset) > size(maxSubset):Compares the size (number of activities) of the current subset
with the size of the maximum subset (maxSubset) found so far. If the current subset is larger, it
updates maxSubset to be the current subset.

Return maxSubset: After iterating through all subsets, the function returns the maximum subset
of non-conflicting activities (maxSubset) that has been found.

EXAMPLE:
Let’s take an example:

Activity A: Start time = 1, Finish time = 3

Activity B: Start time = 2, Finish time = 5

Activity C: Start time = 1, Finish time = 4

Activity D: Start time = 4, Finish time = 7

Subset A B C D Overlapping Activities Compatible?

{} 0 0 0 0 - Yes
{A} 1 0 0 0 - Yes
{B} 0 1 0 0 - Yes
{C} 0 0 1 0 - Yes
{D} 0 0 0 1 - Yes
{A, B} 1 1 0 0 A, B No
{A, C} 1 0 1 0 A, C No
{A, D} 1 0 0 1 A, D Yes
{B, C} 0 1 1 0 B, C No
{B, D} 0 1 0 1 B, D No
{C, D} 0 0 1 1 C, D Yes
{A, B, C} 1 1 1 0 A, B, C No
{A, B, D} 1 1 0 1 A, B, D No
{A, C, D} 1 0 1 1 A, C, D No
{B, C, D} 0 1 1 1 B, C, D No
{A, B, C, D} 1 1 1 1 A, B, C, D No
The activities are compatible if and only if:
f1≤s2 or f2≤s1

where f1for the finish time of the first activity, s2for the start time of the second activity, f2 for
the finish time of the second activity, and s1s1 for the start time of the first activity so this
requirement makes sure that either the second activity's finish time is less than or equal to the
first activity's start time, or the first activity's finish time is less than or equal to the second
activity's start time. If this condition is met, the two activities are deemed compatible enough to
be included in a valid subset. This condition indicates that the activities do not overlap.
ANALYSIS
Time Complexity:
By creating every possible combination of activities, or by essentially exploring every subset of
activities, the brute force solution is applied.For a set of n activities, there are 2^n possible
subsets (including the empty subset).In the worst scenario, it takes O(n) time to determine
whether the activities in each subset overlap.O(2^n * n) is the total time complexity as a result.
Space Complexity:
The space complexity is determined by the storage needed to represent the subsets.
Since the algorithm generates subsets recursively or iteratively, the space complexity is O(n) due
to the recursion stack or the iterative stack used in the process.
Additionally, any auxiliary space used for storing temporary data during the execution may
contribute to the space complexity
In this table:The columns labeled A, B, C, and D represent whether the corresponding activity is
included (1) or not included (0) in the subset.The "Overlapping Activities" column lists the
activities that overlap with each other in the subset. The Compatible column indicates whether
the activities in the subset are
Limitations
Not Appropriate for Optimization Problems: in optimization problems, the objective is to
identify the best solution out of all potential solutions,

Lack of Adaptability: The brute force method is difficult to modify to fit various problem
structures. Its generic nature may result in less-than-ideal solutions, and it does not capitalize on
particular properties of the problem.

Limited Applicability: o the brute force method is usually only applicable to small problems with
manageable search spaces. For problems with a large and complex solution space, it becomes
more and more unfeasible.

Conclusion:
Despite offering a simple solution to the Activity Selection Problem, the brute force method is
less appropriate for real-world situations where there are a lot of activities because of its
inefficiency. This is because, for each activity, you have two choices (select or do not select),
and you need to explore all possible combinations. The sections that follow will examine more
effective algorithms to solve this issue with better time complexity, like greedy approaches and
dynamic programming.

Design and analyze the dynamic programming solution for the activity selection problem.
A complex problem can be divided into smaller, overlapping subproblems using the dynamic
programming technique. Each subproblem can only be solved once, with the solution being
stored for later use. When a problem has optimal substructure—that is, when optimal solutions to
its subproblems can be used to construct the optimal solution to the overall problem—this
method is especially helpful. Dynamic programming is used in the context of the activity
selection problem to iteratively solve and store solutions to subproblems based on optimal
choices, ultimately determining the maximum number of non-overlapping activities.
STEPS:
Sort activities:
Begin by sorting the activities based on their finish times. This step ensures that when
considering activities in a greedy manner, you prioritize those that finish earlier.
Initialize dynamic program table
Create an array dp of size n, where n is the number of activities.
Initialize dp[i] to 0 for all activities.
Define recurrence relation:
Define the recurrence relation to find the maximum number of non-overlapping activities for
each activity i:
dp[i] = max(dp[i-1], 1 + dp[j])
Where j is the largest index less than i such that the activity j finishes before i starts.
Base Case: dp[0]=1
Set dp [0] =1 since the first activity is always part of the optimal solution.
Compute dynamic programming table
Iterate through the activities, starting from the second activity.
For each activity I find the largest index j such that the activity j finishes before I starts. Use the
recurrence relation to compute dp[i]
Maximum non overlapping activities
The maximum number of non-overlapping activities is given by dp[n-1], where n is the number
of activities.
Backtrack (optional)
If needed, you can backtrack through the dynamic programming table to reconstruct the actual
activities selected in the optimal solution
.Final Result
The final result is the maximum number of non-overlapping activities, and if required, the
specific activities chosen to achieve this maximum.
.ALGORITHM:
Function dynamicActivitySelection(activities):
n = length (activities) // Initialize dynamic programming array
dp = array of size n, initialized with zeros
dp[0] = 1 // Base case
For i from 1 to n-1: // Compute dynamic programming table
j = findLargestNonOverlappingIndex(activities, i)
dp[i] = max(dp[i-1], 1 + dp[j])
selectedActivities = backtrack(activities, dp) // Backtrack (optional)
return dp[n-1], selectedActivities (optional) // Return the result

function findLargestNonOverlappingIndex(activities, currentIndex):

For j from currentIndex-1 to 0, decreasing:
if activities[j].finishTime <= activities[currentIndex].startTime:
return j
return -1 // No non-overlapping activity found
function backtrack(activities, dp):// Backtrack to find the selected activities
 selectedActivities = []
i = length(dp) - 1
while i > 0:
if dp[i] != dp[i-1]:
selectedActivities.push(activities[i])
i = findLargestNonOverlappingIndex(activities, i)
else:
i-- reverse(selectedActivities) // Reverse to get the correct order
return selectedActivities
Explanation:
The algorithm uses a binary representation of numbers from 0 to (2^n - 1) to represent all
possible subsets of activities. For each subset, it checks if the selected activities do not overlap
by calling the activities do not overlap function. If the selected activities do not overlap, it
updates the maximum count of non-overlapping activities. The final result is the maximum count
of non-overlapping activities. The activities do not overlap function needs to be implemented
based on the specific definition of overlapping for your activity representation (usually based on
start and finish times). This algorithm explores all possible combinations, making it a brute-force
approach with a time complexity of O (2^n).

EXAMPLE:
Activity A: Start time = 1, Finish time = 3
Activity B: Start time = 2, Finish time = 5
Activity C: Start time = 3, Finish time = 8
Activity D: Start time = 6, Finish time = 9
Activity E: Start time = 7, Finish time = 10
Activity F: Start time = 9, Finish time = 12

Sort the activities by finish time:

Activity Start Time Finish Time
A 1 3
B 2 5
C 3 8
D 6 9
E 7 10
F 9 12

Create a DP Array:
DP Array
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

Dynamic Programming:
Activity A (1, 3)
Update DP[1] = max(DP[1], DP[0] + 1) = max(0, 0 + 1) = 1
 DP Array
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
Activity B (2, 5)
Update DP[2] = max(DP[2], DP[1] + 1) = max(0, 1 + 1) = 2
DP Array
[1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0]
Activity C (3, 8)
Update DP[3] = max(DP[3], DP[2] + 1) = max(0, 2 + 1) = 3
DP Array
[1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0]

Activity D (6, 9)
Update DP[4] = max(DP[4], DP[3] + 1) = max(0, 3 + 1) = 4
DP Array
[1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 0]

Activity E (7, 10)

Update DP[5] = max(DP[5], DP[4] + 1) = max(0, 4 + 1) = 5
DP Array
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0]

Activity F (9, 12)

Update DP[6] = max(DP[6], DP[5] + 1) = max(0, 5 + 1) = 6
DP Array
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Backtrack to find selected activities:

Starting from the maximum value in the DP array (6), backtrack to find the selected activities.
Selected activities: F
So, the selected activity is F, and the DP array after the dynamic programming steps is
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6].

ANALYSIS:
Time Complexity: O (n^2): To identify the best answer, the dynamic programming solution
iterates through each action, taking into account all of the preceding activities as it goes. O (n^2)
is the time complexity that arises from this, where n is the number of activities.
Complexity of Space:
O (n): Because the answers to the sub problems must be stored in an array of size n (dp), the
space complexity is O(n).
.
LIMITATION:
Not appropriate for large input volumes
The dynamic programming solution is unfeasible for large inputs due to its quadratic time
complexity. The more activities there are, the more computationally expensive it gets.
Dependency on finish time sorting
The solution assumes that activities are sorted based on their finish times. If the input is not pre-
sorted, an additional sorting step is required, adding to the overall time complexity. Conclusion:
Optimal solution: The dynamic programming solution guarantees an optimal solution by
considering all possible choices at each step and storing the solutions to sub problems.
Useful for smaller instances. While less efficient for large inputs, the dynamic programming
approach can be suitable for smaller instances of the problem.
Exchange of value
Optimality and time complexity are mutually exclusive. The dynamic programming solution is a
good option for some scenarios and input sizes because it offers optimality at the expense of a
higher time complexity.
Conclusion:
To sum up, the dynamic programming method of solving the activity selection problem is a
strong strategy that ensures optimality. Weighing the trade-offs against other effective
algorithms, such as the greedy approach, is crucial because the practicality this approach depends
on the size of the input and the particular requirements of the problem.

Design and analyze the greedy solution for the activity selection problem.
Definition: The Greedy Algorithm for the Activity Selection Problem is an effective way to
select the maximum number of non-overlapping activities with start and finish times from a
given set. The algorithm takes locally optimal decisions at each step and works its way up to a
globally optimal solution.
Key characteristics:

Greedy Choice: To achieve a locally optimal outcome at each stage of the algorithm, the activity
with the earliest finish time among the remaining compatible activities is selected.

Optimal Substructure: The best solution for the entire problem is produced by the algorithm's
avaricious choices made at each level. The globally optimal solution is the result of the locally
and globally optimal decisions combined.

Sorting: Initially, the activities are put in ascending order based on when they are scheduled to
end. Sorting assurances

STEPS:

Sort Activities: Sort the activities based on their finish times in ascending order.

Initialize Selected Activities List:Initialize an empty list called selectedActivities.

Select First Activity:Add the first activity (with the earliest finish time) to
the selectedActivities list.
Iterate Through Activities:Starting from the second activity, check if its start time is greater than
or equal to the finish time of the last selected activity.If true, add the current activity to
the selectedActivities list.

Repeat Iteration:Continue iterating through the sorted activities, selecting activities that do not
conflict with the previously chosen ones.

Final Result:The selectedActivities list contains the maximum number of non-overlapping

activities.

ALGORITHM:
function activitySelectionGreedy(activities): // Sort activities based on finish times
sort(activities)
selectedActivities = [activities[0]] //Initialize selectedActivities with the first activity
for i from 1 to length(activities) - 1: // Iterate through the sorted activities
// If the current activity does not overlap with the last selected activity
if activities[i].startTime >= selectedActivities[length(selectedActivities) - 1].finishTime:
selectedActivities.push(activities[i]) // Add the current activity to the selected set
return selectedActivities // Return the selected activities
Explanation:
It stores the chosen, non-conflicting activities in an initialized list called "selectedActivities."
The first task added to the list is the one with the earliest finish time.
Iteration 6: Attempting to Select Activity F (9 ≥ 10)

After that, iterating through the sorted activities, if any don't conflict with the ones that were
previously chosen, it adds that activity to the list.
The list of activities that has been chosen and has the most non-overlapping activities is the
outcome.

EXAMPLE:
Activity A: Start time = 1, Finish time = 3
Activity B: Start time = 2, Finish time = 5
Activity C: Start time = 3, Finish time = 8
Activity D: Start time = 6, Finish time = 9
Activity E: Start time = 7, Finish time = 10
Activity F: Start time = 9, Finish time = 12

Sort the activities by finish time:

Activity Start Time Finish Time
A 1 3
B 2 5
C 3 8
D 6 9
E 7 10
F 9 12
Greedy Selection:
Selected Activities Current Activity Compatible
[A] B Yes
[A, B] C No
[A, B] D Yes
[A, B, D] E Yes
[A, B, D, E] F No
Explanation:
Iteration 1: Selecting Activity A
Selected Activities Finish Time
A 3
Iteration 2: Selecting Activity B
Selected Activities Finish Time
A, B 5
Iteration 3: Attempting to Select Activity C (3 ≥ 5)
Since 3≥53≥5 (Finish time of B), Activity C is not compatible with the current selection (A, B).
Therefore, C is not selected.
Iteration 4: Selecting Activity D (6 ≥ 5)
Selected Activities Finish Time
A, B, D 9
Iteration 5: Selecting Activity E (7 ≥ 9)
Selected Activities Finish Time
A, B, D, E 10
Iteration 6: Attempting to Select Activity F (9 ≥ 10)
Since 9≥109≥10 (Finish time of E), Activity F is not compatible with the current selection (A, B,
D, E). Therefore, F is not selected.
Hence;
[A, B, D, E] are the final activities that were chosen. Every iteration entails determining whether
the current activity is compatible with the previously chosen activities based on completion
times. The current activity is deemed compatible and added to the selection if its start time is
greater than or equal to the last activity's finish time.
Result:
The correct maximum-size subset of mutually compatible activities is [A, B, D, E].
i Selected Activities Finish Time
0 A 3
1 A, B 5
2 A, B 5
3 A, B, D 9
4 A, B, D, E 10
5 A, B, D, E 10
ANALYSIS:
.Complexity of Time:

O (n log n) The sorting step, where n is the number of activities, is the main contributor to the
time complexity. Efficient sorting algorithms such as quicksort or merge_sort require O (n log n)
time to sort the activities according to finish times. The linear time complexity of the next
iteration through the sorted activities is O (n).

Complexity of Space:

O(1): Because the algorithm only uses a fixed amount of additional space for variables like
pointers and counters, the space complexity is constant, O(1).

Advantages:

Efficiency: The algorithm is efficient, especially for large datasets, with a time complexity
dominated by the sorting step.

Simplicity: The algorithm is simple to understand and implement, making it accessible for a
wide range of users.

Optimality: For the Activity Selection Problem, the greedy solution provides an optimal result—
maximum non-overlapping activities.

Limitations:

One of the algorithm's main drawbacks is its heavy reliance on sorting, which can be
computationally costly for big datasets.

Particular to Activity Selection: The algorithm might not work well for other kinds of
optimization problems because it was created especially for the Activity Selection Problem.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the Activity Selection Problem can be solved simply and effectively with the help
of the greedy solution, which makes use of the greedy choice property. Because it is the most
straightforward and effective solution for this particular issue, it is advised. However, because it
depends on sorting, it might not work as well for very large datasets. When all is said and done,
the algorithm provides the optimal method for maximizing non-conflicting activities in a given
time frame.

Comparison of used approaches

Dynamic
Criteria Brute Force Programming Greedy
Time
Complexity Exponential (O(2^n)) Polynomial (O(n^2)) Efficient (O(n log n))
 Dynamic
Criteria Brute Force Programming Greedy
Space
Complexity Constant (O(1)) Moderate (O(n^2)) Constant (O(1))
Yes (Guaranteed under certain
Optimality Yes (Guaranteed) Yes (Guaranteed) conditions)
Moderate
Simplicity Simple Complexity Simple
Impractical for large
Scalability inputs Moderately Scalable Practical and Scalable
Adaptability Limited Moderate High
Moderate-sized
Applicability Small instances inputs Real-world scenarios
Global
Optimality Yes Yes No
Deterministic Yes Yes Yes

Overall Comparison:
Time Complexity:
Brute Force > Dynamic Programming > Greedy
Space Complexity:
Brute Force < Greedy < Dynamic Programming
Optimality:
Brute Force = Dynamic Programming = Greedy (all guarantee optimality)
Simplicity:
Greedy < Brute Force < Dynamic Programming
Scalabiity:
Greedy > Dynamic Programming > Brute Force
PREFERENCES
The preferences for the Activity Selection Problem's Brute Force, Greedy, and Dynamic
Programming solutions rely on the particulars and demands of the problem instance. Because of
its exponential time complexity, Brute Force is best suited for small instances or unique
situations where optimality is essential. It is not practical for large instances. It is less appropriate
for use in real-world scenarios due to its inefficiency in larger scenarios. Greedy algorithms are
simple and efficient. Because of their broad applicability, they are the better choice in real-world
situations such as scheduling and optimization issues. Their suboptimal solutions might not,
however, always satisfy the conditions for global optimality. In real-world scenarios, dynamic
programming is preferred due to its guaranteed optimality and efficiency for moderate-sized
instances. It performs particularly well in problems involving overlapping sub problems, like
resource allocation, activity selection, and optimization issues. Its optimality and versatility make
it a strong option in a variety of applications, even with its added complexity.

Choosing best among these:

The particular needs and limitations of the application will determine which of the greedy,
dynamic programming (DP), and brute force algorithms is the "best" solution for the activity
selection problem. Every algorithm has advantages and disadvantages.
While brute force methods are thorough, they can be costly to compute. Dynamic
programming minimizes redundancy by optimizing solutions through sub problems.
While greedy algorithms are straightforward and effective, global optimality may not always be
ensured.
The decision should be based on the size of the problem, the amount of time and space available,
and the significance of coming up with the best solution. The best algorithm relies on the
particulars of the given problem; there is no one-size-fits-all solution.

CONCUSION:

In summary, the investigation of greedy algorithms, dynamic programming (DP), and brute force
in the complex computing environment for the activity selection problem offers important new
understandings of algorithmic efficiency. The brute force approach shows the exponential nature
of exhaustive searches and gives a baseline for comparison; on the other hand, the DP algorithm
demonstrates the value of segmenting problems into substructures in order to find optimal
solutions. In some situations, the greedy algorithm works well because it strikes a balance
between simplicity and practicality with its locally optimal choices. The contrast and evaluation
of these algorithms highlight how crucial it is to choose the best strategy in light of particular
needs and limitations. This work advances knowledge of trade-offs in computational
complexities, assisting future efforts to make more intelligent and sensible algorithmic decisions
in complex computing environments as we traverse the ever-changing terrain of algorithm
design.