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A Level Pracice - Atomic Structure

The document is a test on atomic structure with 50 total marks divided into two sections. It contains questions testing knowledge of atomic structure concepts like relative mass and charge of subatomic particles, mass number and atomic number, isotopes, relative atomic mass, electron configuration, ionization energy, and mass spectrometry. Students are asked to complete tables, define terms, give symbols and electronic configurations, write equations, and explain trends in ionization energy based on atomic structure.

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Xiyue Chen
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58 views

A Level Pracice - Atomic Structure

The document is a test on atomic structure with 50 total marks divided into two sections. It contains questions testing knowledge of atomic structure concepts like relative mass and charge of subatomic particles, mass number and atomic number, isotopes, relative atomic mass, electron configuration, ionization energy, and mass spectrometry. Students are asked to complete tables, define terms, give symbols and electronic configurations, write equations, and explain trends in ionization energy based on atomic structure.

Uploaded by

Xiyue Chen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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“SIZE MATTERS”

Y12 Unit 1 Test 1

1.1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Bahati njema!

Name:………………………………………………………………………………

Answer all questions

Total 50 marks

SECTION A TOTAL …………../36

SECTION B TOTAL …………/14

TOTAL ………………./50

= …………………..%

Grade __________
SECTION A

1. (a) Complete the table below to show the relative masses and charges of a proton,
a neutron and an electron.

Relative mass Relative charge

Proton

Electron

Neutron
(3)

(b) Define the terms mass number and atomic number of an atom.

Mass number.......................................................................................................

Atomic number.....................................................................................................
(2)

(c) Give the symbol, including the mass number and the atomic number, for the
atom which has 3 fewer neutrons and 2 fewer protons than 147 N.

..............................................................................................................................
(2)

(d) In terms of the number of their fundamental particles, what do two isotopes of
an element have in common and how do they differ?

In common ...........................................................................................................

Difference ............................................................................................................
(2)

(e) Define the term relative atomic mass of an element.

..............................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................
(2)
(f) When a pure, gaseous sample of element X is introduced into a mass
spectrometer, four mononuclear, singly-charged ions are detected, as shown in
the spectrum below.

7
6
5
Relative
4
abundance
3
2
1
0
82 83 84 85 86
m/z

(i) Use data from the spectrum above to calculate the relative atomic mass
of X.

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

(ii) Identify the element X.

...................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 15 marks)
2. (a)

Why is a mass spectrometer incapable of distinguishing between the


ions 14N+ and 14N 22 + ?

...................................................................................................................
(1)

(b) Give a reason why it is unlikely that an F– ion would reach the detector in
a mass spectrometer.

..............................................................................................................................
(1)

(c) A hydrocarbon was introduced into a mass spectrometer and gave the
following spectrum:

29

%
abundance 43
15
58

m/z ratio

Deduce the relative molecular mass of the hydrocarbon, giving your


reasons.

………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………....
(2)

(Total 4 marks)
3.

(a) Using arrows and to represent electrons, complete the energy-level


diagram below to show the electronic arrangement in an atom of carbon.

2p
2s

1s
(2)

(b) In terms of sub-levels, give the electronic configuration of the carbon ion C2+

..............................................................................................................................
(1)

(d) Give the complete electronic configuration of krypton in terms of s, p and d


sub-levels.

..............................................................................................................................
(1)

(e) Complete the following electron configurations.

(i) Cu
1s22s22p63s23p6 .........................................................................
......
(1)

(ii) Cu2+
1s22s22p63s23p6 .........................................................................
.....
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
4. (a) Write equations to show the chemical processes which occur when the first
and the second ionisation energies of lithium are measured.

First ionisation energy equation .........................................................................

Second ionisation energy equation .....................................................................


(3)
(b) (i) Explain why helium has a much higher first ionisation energy than
lithium.

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

(ii) Explain why beryllium has a higher first ionisation energy than boron.

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

(iii) Explain why the first ionisation energy of krypton is greater than the
first ionisation energy of bromine.

..............................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................

(iv) Explain why the second ionisation energy of beryllium is greater than
the first ionisation energy.

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................
(8)
(Total 11 marks)
SECTION B

5. Isotopes can be separated in a mass spectrometer. Show how this is possible


by describing the various parts of a mass spectrometer and by discussing the
principles of operation of each part.
(14)

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