Designati

Designation:
on: C 936 – 08

Standard Specification for

Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 936; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Sco
Scope
pe C 494/C 494M Speci
Specificat
fication
ion for Chem
Chemical
ical Admixtures
Admixtures for
1.1 This specification covers
covers the requirements
requirements for interlock-
interlock- Concrete
ing concrete pavers manufactured for the construction of paved C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
surfaces. C 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined -
-

Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete

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`

1.2 Whe
When n par
partic
ticula
ularr fea
featur
tures
es are des
desire
ired,
d, suc
such
h as wei
weight
ght ,
,
`
,
`

classificat
classification,
ion, highe
higherr compr
compressi
essive
ve stre
strength,
ngth, surf
surface
ace text
textures
ures,, C 979 SSpeci
pecificati
fication
on for Pigm
Pigments
ents for Integ
Integrall
rally
y Color
Colored
ed ,
,
`
,
,
`

finish, color, or other special features, such properties should Concrete -

`
-
,
`
`

C 989 Speci
Specificati
fication
on for Groun
Groundd Granu
Granulate
lated
d Blast
Blast-Fur
-Furnace
nace
,
,

be specified by the purchaser. Local sellers, however, should be ,

,
,
,
,

consulted as to availability of units having the desired features. Slag for Use in Concrete and Mortars ,
`
`
,
`
,

1.3 The values

values stated in SI units are to be regarded
regarded as the C 1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement `
,
`
,
,
`

C 1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious

,
,

standard. The values given in parentheses are for information ,

`
`
,
`

only. Mixtures `
-
-

C 1645 TTest
est Met
Method
hod for Fre
Freeze
eze-th
-thaw
aw and De-
De-ici
icing
ng Sal
Saltt
2. Referenced Documents Durability of Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2
3. Terminology
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C 140 TTest
est Meth
Methods
ods for Sampl
Sampling
ing and Testi
esting
ng Concr
Concrete
ete 3.1 Definitions:
Masonry Units and Related Units 3.1.1 architectural finishes—surface modified by mechani-
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement cal means such as blasting, hammering, polishing, tumbling,
C 207 Specific
Specification
ation for Hydra
Hydrated
ted Lime for Maso
Masonry
nry Pur- washing, or other methods.
poses
4. Mate
Material
rialss
C 260 Specification for Air-Entrain
Air-Entraining
ing Admixtures for Con-
crete 4.1 Cementitious Materials shall conform to the following
C 331 Specific
Specification
ation for Light
Lightweigh
weightt Aggre
Aggregate
gatess for Con- applicable ASTM specifications:
crete Masonry Units 4.1.1 Portland Cements—Specification C 150. 150.
C 418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by 4.1.2 Blended Cements—Specification C 595, 595, Types IS or
Sandblasting IP..
IP
4.1.3 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C 1157. 1157.
4.1.4 Hydrated Lime, Type S—Specification C 207. 207.
4.1.5 Fly Ash—Specification C 618. 618.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on Precast 4.1.6 Ground Slag—Specification C 989. 989.
Concrete Produ
Concrete Products
cts and is the direct respon
responsibility
sibility of Subco
Subcommittee
mmittee C27.20 on
Architectural
Architec tural and Struct
Structural
ural Produ
Products.
cts.
4.1.7 Silica Fume—Specification C 1240.1240.
Curren
Cur rentt edit
edition
ion app
approv
roved
ed Jun
Junee 1, 200
2008.
8. Pub
Publish
lished
ed Jun
Junee 200
2008.
8. Ori
Origin
ginally
ally 4.2 Aggregates ssha
hall
ll con
confo
form
rm to ththee fo
follllowi
owing
ng AST
ASTMM
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 936 – 07. specifi
spe cificat
cation
ions,
s, exc
except
ept tha
thatt gra
gradin
ding
g req
requir
uireme
ements nts sha
shall
ll not
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
necessarily apply:
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@
[email protected]
astm.org.g. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 4.2.1 Normal Weight—Specification C 33. 33 .
the ASTM website
website.. 4.2.2 Lightweight—Specification C 331.331.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

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 C 936 – 08
4.3 Chemical Admixtures shal
shalll con
confor
form
m to the fol
follow
lowing
ing greater mass loss than 200 g/m2 when subject to 25 freeze-thaw
applicable ASTM specifications: cycles, or (b) no greater mass loss than 500 g/m 2 when subject
4.3.1 Air-entraining Admixtures—Specification C 260.260. to 50 freeze-thaw cycles. This test method shall be conducted
4.3.2 Wate
ater-
r-re
reduci
ducing,
ng, Ret
Retar
ardin
ding,
g, and Acc Accele
elerat
rating
ing not more than 12 months prior to delivery of units.
Admixtures—Specification C 494/C 494M.494M . 5.6 Abrasion Resistance—When tested in accordance with
4.3.3 Pi
Pigm
gmen
ents
ts fo
forr In
Inte
tegr
gral
allyly Co
Cololorred Co
Conc etee—
ncrret Test Meth
Methodod C 418,
418, spe
specim
cimens
ens sha
shall
ll not hav
havee an ave
averag
ragee
Specification C 979.
979. volume loss greater than 15 cm /50 cm (0.92 in. /7.75 in.2).
3 2 3

4.4 Other Constituents—Integral water repellents, and other The average thickness loss shall not exceed 3 mm (0.118 in.).
materials for which no ASTM standards exist, shall be previ- 5.7 Dimensional Tolerance—Measured length or width of
ously established as suitable for use in concrete or shall be test specimens shall not differ by more than 6 1.6 mm (60.063
show
shownn by te
test
st or ex
expe
peri
rien
ence
ce no
nott to be de
detr
trim
imen
enta
tall to th
thee in.) from specified dimensions. Measured height of test speci-
concrete. mens shall not differ by more than 6 3.2 mm (60.125 in.) from
thee sp
th spec
ecifi
ified
ed didime
mens
nsio
ion.
n. Al
Alll te
test
stss sh
shal
alll be pe
perf
rfor
orme
med
d as
5. Physical Requirements
Requirements required in 6.2
6.2.. Units shall meet dimensional tolerances prior
5.1 Units shall area #0.065 m2 (101
shall have an exposed face area to the application of architectural finishes.
2
in. ), and their overall length divided by thickness shall be #4.
The minimum specified thickness shall be 60 mm (2.36 in.). 6. Sampling and Testing
Testing
See Fig. 1.
1. 6.1 The purchaser
purchaser or his authorized
authorized representat
representative
ive shall be
5.2 Con
Concre
crete
te uni
units
ts cov
covere
ered
d by thi
thiss spe
specifi
cificat
cation
ion may be accorded proper facilities to inspect and sample the units at the
made from lightweight or normal weight aggregates or mixed place of manufacture from the lots ready for delivery. Prior to
lightweight and normal weight aggregates. delivery of units, the supplier and purchaser shall decide on the
5.3 Compressive Strengt h—At the time of delivery to the
Strength lot size from which to sample test specimens for resistance to
work site, the average compressive strength of the test samples freezing
free zing and thawi
thawing,
ng, abra
abrasion
sion resis
resistance
tance,, absor
absorptio
ption,
n, com-
shall be not less than 55 MPa (8000 psi) with no individual unit pressive strength, and dimensional tolerances.
less
5.4than 50 MPa —The
Absorption (7200 average
psi) as required in of
absorption 6.2.
6.2 . test samples
the 6.2 Sampl
Samplee a mini
minimum
mum of three (3) test specimens
specimens each for
compressive strength, absorption, and dimensional tolerances
shall not be greater than 5 % with no individual unit greater and test units in accordance with Test Methods C 140.
140. Speci-
than 7 % as required in 6.26.2.. menss tes
men tested
ted for dim
dimens
ension
ional
al tol
tolera
erance
ncess may be use
usedd for
5.5 Resistance to Freezing and Thawing—If the units are absorption testing. Sample a minimum of three (3) specimens
exposed to freezing and deicing materials during service, the and test for resistance to freezing and thawing in accordance
manufacturer shall satisfy the purchaser either by proven field with Test Meth
Method
od C 1645.
1645. Sam
Sample
ple a mi
minim
nimum
um of two (2)
performance or a laboratory freezing-and-thawing test that the specimens for abrasion resistance and test in accordance with
paving units have adequate resistance to freezing and thawing. Test Method C 418.
418.
If a laboratory test is used, test in accordance with Test Method
C 1645.
1645. SpeSpeci
cime
mens
ns sasamp
mpleled
d fr
from
om ununit
itss th
that
at wiwill
ll no
nott be 7. Visual Inspection
exposed to deicing salts in service shall be tested in tap water.
7.1 All units shall
shall be sound and free of defe
defects
cts that would
Specimens sampled from units that will be exposed to deicing
interf
interfere
ere with the proper
proper pla
placin
cing
g of the units or imp
impair
air the
materi
mat erials
als in ser
servic
vicee sha
shall
ll be tes
tested
ted in 3 % salsaline
ine sol
soluti
ution.
on.
strength
stre ngth or perf
performa
ormance
nce of the cons
construct
truction.
ion. Minor crac
cracks
ks
Specimens shall comply with either of the following: (a) no
incide
inc identa
ntall to the usu
usualal met
method
hodss of man
manufa
ufactu
cture
re or min
minor
or

chipping resulting
chipping resulting from customa
customaryry meth
methods
ods of handling
handling in
ship
shipme
mentnt an
and
d de
deli
live
very
ry sh
shal
alll no
nott be de
deem
emed
ed gr
grou
ound
ndss fo
forr
rejection.

8. Reje
Rejection
ction
8.1 In case the ship
shipment
ment fails to conform to the speci
specified
fied
requirements, the manufacturer may sort it, and new specimens
shall be selected by the purchaser from the retained lot and
tested at the expense of the manufacturer. In case the second set
of spe
specim
cimens
ens fai
fails
ls to con
confor
form
m to the tes
testt req
requir
uireme
ements
nts,, the
FIG. 1 Length, Width, and Thickness of Concrete Paving Units entire lot shall be rejected.

--``,``,,,`,,`,`,`,``,,,,,,,,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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 C 936 – 08

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ice@as
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ail);
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ugh the AST
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M web
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site
e
(www.astm.org).

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Copyright ASTM International

3
Provided by IHS under license with ASTM Licensee=Bechtel
Licensee=Bechtel Corp Loc 1-19/9999056100, User=Lozano, Jose
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from I HS Not for Resale, 11/11/2008 08:34:41 MST