ALLEN® Probability 1

5. Let 9 distinct balls be distributed among

PROBABILITY 4 boxes, B1, B2, B3 and B4. If the probability
1. Words with or without meaning are to be formed 9
than B3 contains exactly 3 balls is k æç ö÷ then k
3
using all the letters of the word EXAMINATION. è4ø
The probability that the letter M appears at the lies in the set :
fourth position in any such word is : (1) {x Î R : |x – 3| < 1}
1 1 1 2 (2) {x Î R : |x – 2| £ 1}
(1) (2) (3) (4)
66 11 9 11
(3) {x Î R : |x – 1| < 1}
2. The probability of selecting integers
(4) {x Î R : |x –5| £ 1}
a Î [ -5,30 ] such that x2 + 2(a + 4)x – 5a + 64 > 0, 6. Let x be a random variable such that the
for all x Î R, is : probability function of a distribution is given by
7 2 1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4) P(X = 0) = , P(X = j) = j (j = 1, 2, 3, ….,
36 9 6 4 2 3
3. Let A, B and C be three events such that the ¥). Then the mean of the distribution and P(X is
probability that exactly one of A and B occurs is positive and even) respectively are :
(1 – k), the probability that exactly one of B and 3 1 3 1
(1) and (2) and
C occurs is (1 – 2k), the probability that exactly 8 8 4 8

one of C and A occurs is (1 – k) and the probability 3 1 3 1

(3) and (4) and
4 9 4 16
of all A, B and C occur simultaneously is k2,
7. A fair coin is tossed n-times such that the
where 0 < k < 1. Then the probability that at
probability of getting at least one head is at least
least one of A, B and C occur is :
0.9. Then the minimum value of n is _______.
1 1
(1) greater than but less than 8. The probability that a randomly selected 2-digit
8 4
number belongs to the set{n Î N : (2n – 2) is a
1
(2) greater than multiple of 3} is equal to
2
1 2 1 1
1 1 (1) (2) (3) (4)
(3) greater than but less than 6 3 2 3
4 2
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

9. A student appeared in an examination

1
(4) exactly equal to consisting of 8 true–false type questions. The
2
student guesses the answers with equal
4. Four dice are thrown simultaneously and the
probability. The smallest value of n, so that the
numbers shown on these dice are recorded in
probability of guessing at least 'n' correct
2 × 2 matrices. The probability that such formed
1
matrices have all different entries and are answers is less than , is :
2
non-singular, is :
(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 3 (4) 4
45 23 22 43
(1) (2) (3) (4) 10. Let A and B be independent events such that
162 81 81 162
P(A) = p, P(B) = 2p. The largest value of p, for
5
which P (exactly one of A, B occurs) = , is :
9
1 2 4 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 9 9 12

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2 Probability ALLEN®
11. A fair die is tossed until six is obtained on it. 15. An electric instrument consists of two units.
Let X be the number of required tosses, then the Each unit must function independently for the
conditional probability P ( X ³ 5 X > 2 ) is : instrument to operate. The probability that the

125 11 5 25 first unit functions is 0.9 and that of the second

(1) (2) (3) (4)
216 36 6 36 unit is 0.8. The instrument is switched on and it
12. Two fair dice are thrown. The numbers on them are fails to operate. If the probability that only the
taken as l and m, and a system of linear equations first unit failed and second unit is functioning is
x+y+z=5 p, then 98 p is equal to _________.
x + 2y + 3z = m 16. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Then the probability
x + 3y + lz = 1 that a randomly chosen onto function g from S
is constructed. If p is the probability that the to S satisfies g(3) = 2g(1) is :
system has a unique solution and q is the 1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
probability that the system has no solution, then : 10 15 5 30
1 1 5 5 17. Two squares are chosen at random on a
(1) p= and q= (2) p= and q=
6 36 6 36 chessboard (see figure). The probability that
5 1 1 5 they have a side in common is :
(3) p= and q= (4) p= and q=
6 36 6 36
13. When a certain biased die is rolled, a particular
1
face occurs with probability - x and its
6
1
opposite face occurs with probability + x.
6
1
All other faces occur with probability . Note
6
2 1 1 1
that opposite faces sum to 7 in any die. If (1) (2) (3) (4)

node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

7 18 7 9
1
0 < x < , and the probability of obtaining 18. Let X be a random variable with distribution.
6
total sum = 7, when such a die is rolled twice, is x –2 –1 3 4 6

13 1 1 1
, then the value of x is: P(X = x) a b
96 5 3 5
1 1 1 1 If the mean of X is 2.3 and variance of X is s2,
(1) (2) (3) (4)
16 8 9 12 then 100 s2 is equal to :
14. Each of the persons A and B independently 19. The probability that two randomly selected
tosses three fair coins. The probability that both subsets of the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} have exactly
of them get the same number of heads is : two elements in their intersection, is :
1 5 5 65 65 135 35
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1 (1) (2) (3) (4)
8 8 16 27 28 29 27

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 ALLEN® Probability 3
20. An ordinary dice is rolled for a certain number 24. In a group of 400 people, 160 are smokers and
of times. If the probability of getting an odd non-vegetarian; 100 are smokers and vegetarian
number 2 times is equal to the probability of
and the remaining 140 are non-smokers and
getting an even number 3 times, then the
vegetarian. Their chances of getting a particular
probability of getting an odd number for odd
number of times is : chest disorder are 35%, 20% and 10%

1 5 3 1 respectively. A person is chosen from the group

(1) (2) (3) (4)
32 16 16 2 at random and is found to be suffering from the
21. Let Bi (i = 1, 2, 3) be three independent events
chest disorder. The probability that the selected
in a sample space. The probability that only B1
person is a smoker and non-vegetarian is:
occur is a, only B2 occurs is b and only B3
7 14 28 8
occurs is g. Let p be the probability that none of (1) (2) (3) (4)
45 45 45 45
the events Bi occurs and these 4 probabilities
25. Let A be a set of all 4-digit natural numbers
satisfy the equations (a – 2b) p = ab and
whose exactly one digit is 7. Then the
(b – 3g)p = 2bg (All the probabilities are
assumed to lie in the interval (0,1)). Then probability that a randomly chosen element of

P(B1 ) A leaves remainder 2 when divided by 5 is :

is equal to______.
P(B3 ) 2 122 97 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
22. When a missile is fired from a ship, the 9 297 297 5

1 26. A seven digit number is formed using digits 3,

probability that it is intercepted is and the
3
3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5. The probability, that number so
probability that the missile hits the target, given
formed is divisible by 2, is :
3
that it is not intercepted, is . If three missiles
4 6 1 3 4
(1) (2) (3) (4)
are fired independently from the ship, then the 7 7 7 7
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

probability that all three hit the target, is : 27. A fair coin is tossed a fixed number of times. If
1 3 1 3 the probability of getting 7 heads is equal to
(1) (2) (3) (4)
27 4 8 8
probability of getting 9 heads, then the
23. The coefficients a, b and c of the quadratic
equation, ax2 + bx + c = 0 are obtained by probability of getting 2 heads is

throwing a dice three times. The probability that 15 15 15 15

(1) (2) (3) (4)
this equation has equal roots is: 213 212 28 214
1 5 1 1 28. Let A denote the event that a 6-digit integer
(1) (2) (3) (4)
72 216 36 54
formed by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 without repetitions,
be divisible by 3. Then probability of event A is
equal to :

9 4 3 11
(1) (2) (3) (4)
56 9 7 27
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4 Probability ALLEN®
29. A pack of cards has one card missing. Two 31. Let there be three independent events E1, E2 and
cards are drawn randomly and are found to be E3. The probability that only E1 occurs is a,
spades. The probability that the missing card is
only E2 occurs is b and only E3 occurs is g. Let
not a spade, is :
'p' denote the probability of none of events
3 52 39 22
(1) (2) (3) (4) occurs that satisfies the equations
4 867 50 425
(a – 2b) p = ab and (b – 3g)p = 2bg. All the
30. Let a computer program generate only the digits
given probabilities are assumed to lie in the
0 and 1 to form a string of binary numbers with
interval (0, 1).
probability of occurrence of 0 at even places be
Pr obability of occurrence of E1
1 Then, is equal
and probability of occurrence of 0 at the odd Pr obability of occurrence of E 3
2
to _____.
1
place be . Then the probability that '10' is
3 32. Let in a Binomial distribution, consisting of 5
followed by '01' is equal to : independent trials, probabilities of exactly 1 and
1 1 1 1 2 successes be 0.4096 and 0.2048 respectively.
(1) (2) (3) (4)
18 3 6 9 Then the probability of getting exactly 3
successes is equal to :

32 80 40 128
(1) (2) (3) (4)
625 243 243 625

node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

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 ALLEN® Probability 5

SOLUTION -4k + 3
–P(C Ç A) =
2
PROBABILITY So
1. Official Ans. by NTA (2) - 4k + 3
P(A È B È C) = + k2
2
Sol. AAEIIMNNOTX
2k 2 - 4k + 3
P(A È B È C) =
--------M---------- 2
10! 2(k - 1) + 1
2

Total words with M at fourth Place = =

2!2!2! 2
11! 1
Total words = P(A È B È C) >
2!2!2! 2
10! 1 4. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Required probability = =
11! 11
a b
2. Official Ans. by NTA (2) Sol. A= |A| = ad – bc
c d
Sol. D < 0 Total case = 64
Þ 4(a + 4)2 – 4(–5a + 64) < 0
For non-singular matrix |A| ¹ 0 Þ ad – bc ¹ 0
Þ a2 + 16 + 8a + 5a – 64 < 0
Þ a2 + 13a – 48 < 0 Þ ad ¹ bc

Þ (a + 16) (a – 3) < 0 And a, b, c, d are all different numbers in the set

Þ a Î (–16, 3)
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
\ Possible a : {–5, –4, ......., 3}
Now for ad = bc
8
\ Required probability =
36 (i) 6 × 1 = 2 × 3
2
= Þ a = 6, b = 2, c = 3, d = 1ü
9
or a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 6 ïï8 such cases
3. Official Ans. by NTA (2) ý
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

M ï
Sol. P(A ÇB) + P(A ÇB) =1- k M ïþ
(ii) 6 × 2 = 3 × 4
P(A ÇC) + P(A ÇC) =1- 2k
Þ a = 6, b = 3, c = 4, d = 2 ü
P(BÇC) + P(BÇC) =1 - k
or a = 2, b = 3, c = 4, d = 6 ïï8 such cases
P(A ÇBÇC) = k2 ý
M ï
M ïþ
P(A) + P(B) – 2 P(A Ç B) = 1 - k .....(i)
favourable cases
P(B) + P(C) - 2P(B Ç C) = 1 - k .....(ii)
P(C) + P(A) - 2P(A Ç C) = 1 - 2k .....(iii) = 6C4 4 – 16

(1) + (2) + (3) required probability

P(A) + P(B) + P(C) – P(A Ç B) - P(B Ç C) 6
C 4 4 - 16 43
= 4
=
6 162

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6 Probability ALLEN®
5. Official Ans. by NTA (1) 9. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
9
C3 .36 1
Sol. required probability = Sol. P(E) <
49 2
9 9
C æ3ö 8- r r
= 3 .ç ÷
8
æ1ö æ1ö 1
27 è 4 ø Þ å 8Cr ç ÷ ç ÷ <
r= n è2ø è2ø 2
9
28 æ 3 ö 28
= .ç ÷ Þ k = 8
9 è4ø 9
8
æ1ö 1
Þ å 8Cr ç ÷ <
Which satisfies |x – 3| < 1 r= n è2ø 2
6. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
Þ 8Cn + 8Cn+1 + .... + 8C8 < 128
¥
1 3
Sol. mean = Sxipi = å r. 3 =
Þ 256 - ( 8 C 0 + 8 C 1 + .... + 8 C n -1 ) < 128
r
r=
0 4
1 1
p(x is even) = + 4 + ...¥
3 2
3 Þ 8C0 + 8C1 + .... + 8Cn-1 > 128
1
1/ 9 1 Þ n -1³ 4
=9 = =
1 8/9 8
1- Þ n ³5
9
7. Official Ans. by NTA (4) 10. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
1
Sol. P(Head) = Sol. P(Exactly one of A or B)
2
1 – P(All tail) ³ 0.9 5
= P ( A Ç B) + P ( A Ç B) =
n 9
æ1ö
1 - ç ÷ ³ 0.9
è2ø 5
= P ( A ) P ( B) + P ( A ) P ( B ) =
n 9
æ1ö 1
Þç ÷ £
è 2 ø 10 5
Þ P(A)(1–P(B)) + (1–P(A))P(B) =

node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

Þ nmin = 4 9

8. Official Ans. by NTA (3) 5

90
Þ p(1 – 2p) + (1 – p) 2p =
Sol. Total number of cases = C1 = 90 9
Now, 2n – 2 = (3 – 1)n – 2
Þ 36p2 – 27 p + 5 = 0

n -1 n 1 5
C0 3n - n C1.3n -1 + ... + ( -1) . C n -1 3 + ( -1) . n C n - 2
n
n
Þp= or
3 12
3 ( 3n -1 - n3n - 2 + ... + ( -1) .n ) + ( -1) - 2
n -1 n

(2n – 2) is multiply of 3 only when n is odd 5

pmax =
12
45 1
Req. Probability = =
90 2

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 ALLEN® Probability 7
11. Official Ans. by NTA (4) 13. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
P(x ³ 5) Sol. Probability of obtaining total sum 7 =
Sol. P(x ³ 5 | x > 2) =
P(x > 2) probability of getting opposite faces.
4 5
æ5ö 1 æ5ö 1 Probability of getting opposite faces
ç 6 ÷ . 6 + ç 6 ÷ . 6 + ....... + ¥
è ø è ø éæ 1 öæ 1 ö 1 1 1 1ù
2
æ 5ö 1 æ5ö 1
3 = 2 êç - x ÷ç + x ÷ + ´ + ´ ú
ç 6 ÷ 6 ç 6 ÷ . 6 + ...... + ¥
. + ëè 6 øè 6 ø 6 6 6 6û
è ø è ø
éæ 1 öæ 1 ö 1 1 1 1 ù 13
4 Þ 2 êç - x ÷ç + x ÷ + ´ + ´ ú =
æ 5ö 1 ëè 6 øè 6 ø 6 6 6 6 û 96
ç6÷ .6
è ø
5 (given)
1- 2
6 = æ 5 ö = 25 1
2 ç ÷ x=
æ5ö 1 è6ø 36
8
ç6 ÷ .6
è ø
5 14. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
1-
6 Sol. C – I '0' Head
3 3
12. Official Ans. by NTA (2) æ1ö æ1ö 1
TTT ç ÷ ç ÷ =
è 2 ø è 2 ø 64
1 1 1
C – II '1' head
Sol. D ¹ 0 Þ 1 2 3 ¹ 0 Þl¹5
1 3 l æ 3 öæ 3 ö 9
HTT ç ÷ç ÷ =
è 8 ø è 8 ø 64
For no solution D = 0 Þ l = 5 C – III '2' Head

1 1 5 æ 3 öæ 3 ö 9
HHT ç ÷ç ÷ =
D1 = 1 2 m ¹0Þ m¹3 è 8 ø è 8 ø 64
1 3 1 C–IV '3' Heads
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

æ 1 öæ 1 ö 1
5 HHH ç ÷ç ÷ =
p= è 8 ø è 8 ø 64
6
5
Total probability = .
1 5 5 16
q= ´ =
6 6 36 15. Official Ans. by NTA (28)
Option (2) Sol. I1 = first unit is functioning
I2 = second unit is functioning
P(I1) = 0.9, P(I2) = 0.8
P ( I1 ) = 0.1 , P ( I2 ) = 0.2

0.8 ´ 0.1 8
P= =
0.1 ´ 0.2 + 0.9 ´ 0.2 + 0.1 ´ 0.8 28
8
98P = ´ 98 = 28
28

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8 Probability ALLEN®
16. Official Ans. by NTA (1) = 4 + a + 3 + 36b – (2.3)2
Sol. g(3) = 2g(1) can be defined in 3 ways
= 7 + a + 36b – (2.3)2
number of onto functions in this condition = 3 × 4!
1
Total number of onto functions = 6! =7+ + 6 - (2.3)2
10
3 ´ 4! 1
Required probability = = 2
6! 10 = 13 +
1
– æç ö÷
23
17. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 10 è 10 ø

Sol. Total ways of choosing square = 64C2 2

131 æ 23 ö
= -ç ÷
64 ´ 63 10 è 10 ø
= = 32 ´ 63
2 ´1
1310 - ( 23 )
2
ways of choosing two squares having common =
100
side = 2 (7 × 8) = 112
112 16 1 1310 - 529
=
Required probability = = = 100
32 ´ 63 32 ´ 9 18
Ans. (2) 781
s2 =
18. Official Ans. by NTA (781) 100

Sol. x –2 –1 3 4 6 100s2 = 781

P(X = x) 1 a 1 1 b 19. Official Ans. by NTA (3)

5 3 5
Sol. Total subsets = 25 = 32
X = 2.3
5
C2 ´ 33 10 ´ 27 135
9 Probability = = = 9
- a + 6b = ........ (1) 32 ´ 32 1210 2
10
20. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
1 1 1
å Pi = 5 + a + 3 + 5 + b = 1
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability
n n
æ1ö æ1ö
Sol. n
C 2 ç ÷ = n C 3 ç ÷ Þ n C 2 = n C3
4 è2ø è2ø
a+b= ........ (2)
15
Þ n=5
From equation (1) and (2)
Probability of getting an odd number for odd
1 1
a= , b= number of times is
10 6
5 5 5
s2 = Sp i x 2i - ( X )
2
æ1ö æ1ö æ1ö 1
5
C1 ç ÷ + 5C3 ç ÷ + 5C5 ç ÷ = 5 ( 5 + 10 + 1)
è2ø è2ø è2ø 2
1( ) 1 1
4 + a (1) + ( 9 ) + (16 ) + b ( 36 ) - ( 2.3 )
2

5 3 5 1
=
2
4 16
+ a + 3 + + 36b - ( 2.3 )
2
=
5 5

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 ALLEN® Probability 9
21. Official Ans. by NTA (6) 24. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
Sol. Let P(B1) = p1, P(B2) = p2, P(B3) = p3 Sol. Consider following events

given that p1(1 – p2)(1 – p3) = a .....(i) A : Person chosen is a smoker and non vegetarian.
B : Person chosen is a smoker and vegetarian.
p2(1 – p1)(1 – p3) = b .....(ii)
C : Person chosen is a non-smoker and vegetarian.
p3(1 – p1)(1 – p2) = g .....(iii)
E : Person chosen has a chest disorder
and (1 – p1)(1 – p2)(1 – p3) = p .....(iv) Given
p1 a p2 b p3 g 160 100 140
Þ = , =
1 - p1 p 1 - p 2 p
& =
1 - p3 p P(A) = P ( B) = P ( C) =
400 400 400
ap 3gp æ E ö 35 æ E ö 20 æ E ö 10
Also b = = Pç ÷ = Pç ÷ = Pç ÷ =
a + 2p p - 2g
è A ø 100 è B ø 100 è C ø 100
Þ ap – 2ag = 3ag + 6pg
To find
Þ ap – 6pg = 5ag
æEö
Þ
p1
-
6p3
=
5p1p3 P ( A) P ç ÷
æAö èAø
1 - p1 1 - p3 (1 - p1 )(1 - p3 ) Pç ÷ =
è E ø P ( A ) .P æ E ö + P ( B) .P æ E ö + P ( C ) .P æ E ö
ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
Þ p1 – 6p3 = 0 èAø è Bø èCø

p1 160 35
Þ =6 ´
p3
= 400 100
22. Official Ans. by NTA (3) 160 35 100 20 140 10
´ + ´ + ´
3
400 100 400 100 400 100
æ2 3ö 1
Sol. Required probability = ç ´ ÷ =
è3 4ø 8 28
= option (3)
23. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 45

Sol. ax2 + bx + c = 0 25. Official Ans. by NTA (3)

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For equal roots D = 0 Sol. n(s) = n(when 7 appears on thousands place)

Þ b2 = 4ac
+ n(7 does not appear on thousands place)
Case I : ac = 1
=9×9×9+8×9×9×3
(a, b, c) = (1, 2, 1)
Case II : ac = 4 = 33 × 9 × 9
(a, b, c) = (1, 4, 4) n(E) = n(last digit 7 & 7 appears once)
or (4, 4, 1)
+ n(last digit 2 when 7 appears once)
or (2, 4, 2)
= 8 × 9 × 9 + (9 × 9 + 8 × 9 × 2)
Case III : ac = 9
(a, b, c) = (3, 6, 3) 8 ´ 9 ´ 9 + 9 ´ 25 97
\ P(E) = =
33 ´ 9 ´ 9 297
5
Required probability =
216

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10 Probability ALLEN®
26. Official Ans. by NTA (3) 28. Official Ans by NTA (2)
Sol. Digits = 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5 Sol. Total cases :
7! 6·6·5·4·3·2
Total 7 digit numbers =
2! 2! 3!
n(s) = 6 · 6!
Number of 7 digit number divisible by 2 Favourable cases :

Þ last digit = 4 Number divisible by 3 º

4 Sum of digits must be divisible by 3

3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5
Case-I
Now 7 digit numbers which are divisible by 2 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
6! Number of ways = 6!
=
2! 2! 2!
Case-II
6!
2! 2! 2! 3 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6
Required probability = =
7! 7
Number of ways = 5·5!
3! 2! 2!
Case-III
27. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Sol. Let the coin be tossed n-times
Number of ways = 5·5!
1
P(H) = P(T) =
2 n(favourable) = 6! + 2·5·5!

æ1ö
n-7
æ1ö
7n
C7 6! + 2 · 5 · 5! 4
n
P(7 heads) = C7 ç ÷ = P= =
ç2÷ 2n 6 · 6! 9
è2ø è ø

node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

n -9 9n 29. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
æ1ö æ1ö C9
P(9 heads) = n C9 ç ÷ ç2÷ = n
è2ø è ø 2 Sol. E1 : Event denotes spade is missing

P(7 heads) = P(9 heads) 1 3

P(E1 ) = ; P ( E1 ) =
4 4
nC
7 = nC9 Þ n = 16
A : Event drawn two cards are spade
14 2
æ 1 ö æ 1 ö 15 ´ 8
P(2 heads) = 16
C2 ç ÷ ç ÷ = 16
è2ø è2ø 2 1 æ 12 C 2 ö 3 æ 13 C2 ö 3 æ 13 C2 ö
´ç ÷ + ´ ç 51 ÷ + ´ ç 51 ÷
4 è 51 C 2 ø 4 è C 2 ø 4 è C2 ø
P(A) =
15
P(2 heads) = 13 1 æ 12 C 2 ö 3 æ 13 C2 ö
´ç ÷ + ´ç ÷
2 4 è 51 C 2 ø 4 è 51 C2 ø

39
=
50

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 ALLEN® Probability 11
30. Official Ans. by NTA (4) 32. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
Sol. 1 0 0 1 Sol. P(X = 1) = 5C1.p.q4 = 0.4096
odd place even place odd place even place
P(X = 2) = 5C2.p2.q3 = 0.2048
or 1 0 0 1
even place odd place even place odd place
q
Þ =2
æ1 1 1 2ö æ2 1 1 1ö 2p
Þ ç · · · ÷+ç · · · ÷
è2 3 2 3ø è2 2 3 2ø
Þ q = 4p and p + q = 1
1
Þ 1 4
9 Þ p= and q =
5 5
31. Official Ans. by NTA (6)
Now
Sol. Let P(E1) = P1 ; P(E2) = P2 ; P(E3) = P3 3 2
10 ´ 16
P(X = 3) = 5 C 3 . æç ö÷ . æç ö÷ =
1 4 32
=
P(E1 Ç E2 Ç E3 ) = a = P1 (1 - P2 )(1 - P3 )......(1) è 5 ø è 5 ø 125 ´ 25 625

P(E1 Ç E2 Ç E3 ) = b = (1 - P1 )P2 (1 - P3 )......(2)

P(E1 Ç E2 Ç E3 ) = g = (1 - P1 )(1 - P2 )P3......(3)

P(E1 Ç E2 Ç E3 ) = P = (1 - P1 )(1 - P2 )(1 - P3 )......(4)
Given that, (a – 2b) P = ab
Þ (P1 (1 – P2) (1 – P3) – 2 (1 – P1) P2 (1 – P3) P
= P1P2 (1 – P1) (1 – P2) (1 – P3)2
Þ (P1 (1 – P2) – 2(1 – P1) P2) = P1P2
Þ (P1 – P1P2 – 2P2 + 2P1P2) = P1P2
Þ P1 = 2P2 ......(1)

and similarly, (b – 3g)P = 2Bg

P2 = 3P3 ......(2)
node06\B0BA-BB\Kota\JEE MAIN\Jee Main-2021_Subject Topic PDF With Solution\Mathematics\Eng\ Probability

P1
So, P1 = 6P3 Þ =6
P3