Republic of the Philippine

Department of Education
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
Schools Division of Cavite Province
ANGELO L. LOYOLA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Learning Area Sheet in

Personal Development
Week 1-2 (December 6, 2023)

Learning Competencies:

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Discuss an understanding of teen-age relationships, including the
acceptable and unacceptable expressions of attractions. (ESP-
PD11/12PR-Iii-9.1);
2. Express his/her ways of showing attraction, love, and commitment.
(ESP-PD11/12PR-Iii-9.2);

Lesson 1

Personal Relationship

Pre-historic humans were interacting already through different forms

of behavior such as smiling, greeting each other, showing love, affection and
loyalty, or hunting food together. These were all necessary for their survival
especially in the group that you were belonged. The primary reason for the
human beings to be belonged is survival.
Today, belongingness still exists since it has many benefits such as
having support system when you need someone to share your sadness,
happiness and other concerns especially for the teenagers. In adolescence
stage, teenagers begin to form a sense of identity that involves shaping
values and setting future goals.

Personal Relationship

- refers to the association and close connections between people,

formed by emotional bonds and interactions.
- These bonds often grow from and are formed by mutual experiences.
- Teenagers commonly have relationships with their family, friends and
significant other.

Family Relationships

- Family is defined as “two or more persons who are related by birth,

marriage, or adoption, and who live together as one household.”
 Republic of the Philippine
Department of Education
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
Schools Division of Cavite Province
ANGELO L. LOYOLA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

- It includes siblings and parents who may with you as you grow up,
and relatives such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins who
you may not see frequently.
- Having strong family relationships is ideal although it doesn’t happen
always. There should be love and closeness. Parents and older
relatives role is to guide discipline and support you when needed.
- In some families, there is little physical contact whereas in others, it is
common for family members to express affection by means such as
hugging, kissing on the cheek or forehead, patting the head or
tousling the hair, patting on the back etc. It is common for babies and
younger children to be carried or held.

Friendships

- Friends are the people who we are not related to but who we choose to
interact with.
- They are the people who we trust, respect, care about and feel that we
can confide in and want to spend time with.
- A friendship is a reciprocal relationship. Both people must see each
other as a friend for it to exist.
- Friends who are very close and know each other well are referred to as
“best friends or close friends”. Some people have many friends, while
others may only have one or two. There is no right or wrong number of
friends to have and everyone is different.
- Good friendships are mutually respectful, supportive and share
common interests and ideas. It should be built on honesty, support
and loyalty.

Romantic Relationships

- A romantic relationship is when you feel very strongly attracted to the

other person, both to their personality and, often, also physically and
should be reciprocated by the other person in the relationship.
- A romantic relationship exists between a boyfriend and girlfriend (in a
heterosexual relationship) or a boyfriend and boyfriend or girlfriend
and girlfriend (in a homosexual relationship) or spouses (in a
marriage) or life partners (in a civil partnership or long-term
unmarried relationship).
- Successful romantic relationships are built on love, trust, respect,
support, acceptance, shared interests and a desire for the two people
involved to share their lives together and end with marriage.
 Republic of the Philippine
Department of Education
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
Schools Division of Cavite Province
ANGELO L. LOYOLA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

- For teenagers, various kinds of physical contact are not appropriate.

These include prolonged cuddling and holding, kissing on the lips and
sexual intercourse. Pre- marital sex is unacceptable.

Lesson 1.1

Attraction, Love, and Commitment

In the biological model of love as proposed by anthropologist Helen

Fisher, love can start with any of these three feelings: lust, attraction and
attachment depending on the person. Each involves different
neurochemicals in your brain.

Three Brain Systems of Love or Stages of Falling in Love

1. Lust refers to an urge or desire that motivates us to partake in sexual

activity.

2. Attraction is described as the love-struck phase. This is the stage when

a person loses sleep and appetite over someone and become excited to
someone while daydreaming of special person. It is part of lust because it
involves focusing our attention to a particular person or desire. Many factors
influence attraction.
Factors of Attraction
a. Physical Attractiveness
It is one of the primary determinants of romantic attraction. Most
people prefer whom they consider physically attractive especially in the early
stages of dating.
b. Proximity
People tend to get attracted to people who are geographically closer to
them. They are more likely to develop feelings of mutual familiarity with the
people who live close to us or go to school with us and increased level of
comfort when there is regular contact and no prior negative feelings.
c. Similarity
People pick partners who we have similarities with such as social
class, background, religious beliefs, age and education. The more attitudes
and opinions two people share, especially when they are similar, the more
they will want to do the same activities, and would create a strong bond
between them.
d. Reciprocity
People like others who like them back. People feel indebted when
someone does something good for them and tend to reciprocate the action.
 Republic of the Philippine
Department of Education
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
Schools Division of Cavite Province
ANGELO L. LOYOLA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

The more we are liked by someone they equally like, the more we behave in
ways that promote mutual feelings of liking.

3. Attachment is a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one

person to another across time and space. It is when long-lasting
commitments are exchanged.

Robert Strenberg (1988) suggests that there are three main components of
love. Love relationships vary and it depends on the presence or absence of
each of these components.

Three Components of Triangular Theory of Love

1. INTIMACY is an intimate interpersonal relationship that involves

physical or emotional intimacy. It is characterized by friendship, familiarity,
or romantic love. It involves closeness, connectedness, and bondedness.
2. PASSION is an intense emotion, a compelling enthusiasm or desire for
something.
3. COMMITMENT is the attitude of someone who works very hard to do or
support something. It is an act deciding to consistently fulfil and live by
agreements made with another person, entity, or cause, and where the
values of integrity and respect serve as a guide to one’s behavior and
thinking. The easy ways to express your commitment to your relationships
is to show love and loyalty, respect and appreciate others, convey honesty
and trust, work as a team and compromise, and disagree agreeably.

Love occurs not solely between romantic partners only. Humans can
experience different types of love in various relationships, such as with
romantic partners, friends, family and even strangers. Ancient Greeks
studied love and denote each type by giving each one a Greek name. Lee
(1973) offers a theory love styles which are derived from an analysis of
writings about love through centuries.

1. PHILIA – Affectionate Love

It is a love that runs deep in true friendship. Love without romantic

attraction and occurs between friends or family members. It is called
brotherly love when both people share the same values and respect each
other.

Ways to show this love:

- Engage in deep conversation with a friend.
- Exchange beliefs and imperfections with close friends.
 Republic of the Philippine
Department of Education
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
Schools Division of Cavite Province
ANGELO L. LOYOLA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

- Be open and trustworthy

- Be supportive in difficult times.

2. PRAGMA – Enduring Love

It is a mature love that develops over time. Commitment and efforts are
needed to reach “Pragma”. Instead of “falling in love”, you are “standing in
love” with the partner by your side.

Ways to show this love:

- Continue to strengthen the bond of long-term relationships
- Seek and show effort with your partner.
- Choose to work with your partner forever.

3. STORGE – Familiar love

It is naturally occurring love rooted in parents and children, as well as

best friends. It’s an infinite love built upon acceptance and deep
emotional connection. This love come easily and immediately in parent
and child relationships. It flows between parents and children or
childhood friends.

Ways to show this love:

- Sacrifice your time, self or personal pleasures.
- Quickly forgive harmful actions.
- Share memorable and impactful moments.
- Show gratitude towards the people close to you.

4. EROS – Romantic Love

It is a personal infatuation and physical pleasure. It is a passionate

love displayed through physical affection.

Ways to show this love:

- Admiring someone’s physical body
- Engage in physical touch such as hugging and kissing but it is not
appropriate for you yet.

5. LUDUS –Playful love

Flirting and beginning stages of intimate love. It is a child-like and flirtatious

love found in the beginning. This type of love consists of teasing, playful
motives and laughter between two people.
 Republic of the Philippine
Department of Education
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
Schools Division of Cavite Province
ANGELO L. LOYOLA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Ways to show this love:

- Spend time together to laugh and have fun

- Exemplify childlike behaviour together.

6. MANIA –Obsessive Love

Obsessiveness or madness over a love partner is mania. It leads to

unwanted jealousy or possessiveness.

Ways to avoid this love:

- Recognize obsessive or possessive behaviour before acting upon it.
- Focus on yourself more than another person.
- Put trust into your relationships

7. PHILAUTIA –Self Love

It is having a healthy “self-compassion” love towards one’s self.

It is when you recognize your self-worth and don’t ignore your personal
needs. Self-love begins with acknowledging your responsibility for your well-
being.

Ways to avoid this love:

- Respect, accept ad appreciate yourself.
- Create environment that nurtures your well-being.
- Take care of yourself like a parent would care for a child
- Spend time around people who supports you.

8. AGAPE –Selfless Love

It is an empathetic attitude of love for everyone and anyone. It is the highest

love to offer. It is given without any expectations of receiving anything in
return. It is considered as unconditional love.

Ways to avoid this love:

- Dedicate your life to improve the lives of others.

- Stay conscious of your actions for the good of humankind.
- Offer your time and charity to someone in need.
- Express unconditional love in any situation.
 Republic of the Philippine
Department of Education
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
Schools Division of Cavite Province
ANGELO L. LOYOLA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Activity 1: The People Around Me (1whole sheet of pad paper copy and
answer)
5. Physical Touch
A person whose
Direction: primary
Lists down thelanguage is physical
people you touch
have close is not very
connections withtouchy.
and who
Hugs, pats on the back, holding hand
considered family, friends, or partner. and thoughtful touches on the arm
can show excitement, concern, care and love. Physical presence and
accessibility are crucial, while neglect or abuse can be unforgivable and
destructive. Appropriate and timely touches communicate warmth, safety
and love to you.

FAMILY
What I Have Learned

YOU FRIENDS
Activity 8: Journal Reflection
Upon knowing the results, reflect and write in your journal the following:
1. Using thePARTNER
answer in activity 1, write your love language and the love
languages of your listed family members such as parents and siblings,
friends and significant other.
2. How you can further express your love to them?
3. List down the things on how you wanted to be loved and how you can
share your love to them.
Activity 2: Love Language in the Family

Lesson Being
Direction: This activity Responsible
aims to help you realize your lovein a or the
language
way you would usually prefer to receive from and give love to your parents,
3and significantHealthy
friends Relationship
other. You can take the “Love Language Personal
Profile” based on Dr. Gary Cahpman’s The 5 Love Languages using this link
https://bit.ly/3cpjE1H. (screenshot and print the result)

What’s New
Activity 3: Friendship Stoplight Analogy (1whole sheet of pad paper copy
and answer)
ACTIVITY 9: Friendship Stoplight Analogy
Direction: Recognize examples of positive and negative behaviors related to
Recognize examples of positive and negative behaviors related to
healthy and unhealthy relationships. The purpose of this activity is to
healthy and unhealthy relationships. The purpose of this activity is to
explore relationships using stoplight analogy. Color the circle corresponding
explore relationships using stoplight analogy. Color the circle corresponding
to you answer.
to you answer.

RED – Stop! These are bad sign of relationship.

YELLOW – Caution! These are warning signs of relationship.

GREEN – Go! These are good signs in a friendship!

 Republic of the Philippine
Department of Education
Region IV-A (CALABARZON)
Schools Division of Cavite Province
ANGELO L. LOYOLA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

1. You are afraid of your 11. Your friend threatens to

friend’s temper. hurt you.
2. You enjoy being with this 9. You say that you agree
person but you also enjoy with your friends, even
spending time with other though you really don’t. You
friends. are afraid they won’t be your
friend anymore, if you
disagree.
3. Your friend pressures 10. You rarely get to plan
you to do things you do not what the two of you will do
want to do. together.
4. Your friend tells you not 12. You are nervous that if
to hang out with certain you tell your friend
people. something personal, he/she
will tell other people at
school.
5. You usually feel happy 13. Your friend is happy
when you are with this when good things happen to
person. you and celebrates your
successes..
6. Your friends talks to you 14. Your friends sometimes
about his/her feelings. make fun of you.
7. Your friend criticises you 15. Your friend respects
or people you care about. your feelings and your
opinions.
8. Your friend bullies and
makes fun of other people at
school.

What Is It

The situations given in the previous activity can all be applicable

among your family and significant other or partner. Learn to recognize
examples of people who engage in negative behaviors that lead to unhealthy
relationships. These are some important aspects for healthy relationships.
Important Aspects for Healthy Relationships
Adapted from Woititz, J. , Adult Children of Alcoholics
Mutual Respect Do I treat the other person as if he/she is of value?
Compassion Do I have genuine concern for the issues that cause the
other person concern?