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Working of A Computer System

The document discusses the basic parts and functions of a computer system. It describes the input devices like the keyboard and mouse, the processing done by the CPU, and the output devices like the monitor and printer. It also discusses the input-process-output cycle and how different parts are involved in input, processing, and output functions. The document provides information on both computer hardware and software components.

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Tonton
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44 views

Working of A Computer System

The document discusses the basic parts and functions of a computer system. It describes the input devices like the keyboard and mouse, the processing done by the CPU, and the output devices like the monitor and printer. It also discusses the input-process-output cycle and how different parts are involved in input, processing, and output functions. The document provides information on both computer hardware and software components.

Uploaded by

Tonton
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WORKING OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM?

 MONITOR
 KEYBOARD
 MOUSE
 CPU
WHAT IS A COMPUTER

An electronic machine which works on


the I-P-O Cycle.
WHAT IS AN I-P-O CYCLE?

I-input
P-process
O-output
I-P-O CYCLE
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Processing takes place in Output can be in


Input is given in the CPU, the brain of the
the form of words,
the form of computer. CPU work
includes processing input numbers, pictures,
letters, symbols, (calculations, comparisons, or sounds. It is
solving problems)
and click controlling the flow of obtained from the
data, producing output and computer through a
sending it to the correct monitor, printer or
device for display.
speakers.
ACTIVITY: Write “Input” for the parts of a computer that help in giving input, “Process” for the parts that help in
process, and “O” for the parts that help in getting output.

mouse
ACTIVITY: Write “Input” for the parts of a computer that help in giving input, “Process” for the parts that help in
process, and “O” for the parts that help in getting output.

printer
ACTIVITY: Write “Input” for the parts of a computer that help in giving input, “Process” for the parts that help in
process, and “O” for the parts that help in getting output.

Monitor
ACTIVITY: Write “Input” for the parts of a computer that help in giving input, “Process” for the parts that help in
process, and “O” for the parts that help in getting output.

CPU
ACTIVITY: Write “Input” for the parts of a computer that help in giving input, “Process” for the parts that help in
process, and “O” for the parts that help in getting output.

Speaker
ACTIVITY: Write “Input” for the parts of a computer that help in giving input, “Process” for the parts that help in
process, and “O” for the parts that help in getting output.

Keyboard
COMPUTER HARDWARE

Refers to the physical parts of a


computer that can be touched.
It includes input devices, CPU box
and the parts inside it, and output
devices as well.
KEYBOARD

 The most common input device. It has buttons called keys.


MOUSE
 Pointing device that controls the movement of the cursor on the computer
screen.
 Its name derived from its shape, which looks like a mouse. As we move the
mouse, the pointer on the monitor screen moves in the same direction.
LIGHT PEN

Used for entering data by writing on a computer screen. Engineers, designers


and architects use light pens to draw and modify shapes on a screen. In
today’s era, android phones are accompanied with stylus pen which is highly
user friendly.
SCANNER

 Used to input images,


text, drawing, etc. into a
computer.
JOYSTICK

 Attached to a computer to play different games.


MICROPHONE

 Used to record different sounds into a computer. It is an audio input


device. The sound is then saved as a sound file on the computer.
PROCESSING

Processing in a computer is done by the


CPU or the Central Processing Unit.
CPU- is the brain of the computer. It is
placed in a plastic or metal case called
CPU box or system unit. It is the
most important part of a computer.
THREE IMPORTANT PARTS OF CPU
 Control Unit (CU)- as it name suggests, controls the working of all
the parts of a computer. It controls flow of data between various
devices.
 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) – performs arithmetic operations
such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It also
performs greater than, less than, and equal to and so on.
 Memory Unit (MU) – all the data and information that need to be
processed has to be stored somewhere before processing. Smallest
storage unit is bit and collection of 8 bits is called a byte. These data
and instructions are then passed on to the CU or ALU as per
requirement.
OUTPUT DEVICES

 The devices that we use for getting the outputs


are called output devices. The commonly used
output devices are the monitor (to view output)
and the printer (to print the output).
 Speakers are the output devices that are used to
listen to music.
1. MONITOR
 Looks like a TV screen. It displays text, pictures, and videos.
Whatever you type in the keyboard is displayed on the
monitor. The information displayed on the screen is
temporary called the soft copy.
 Different types of monitors:
1. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitor
2. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) Monitor
3. LED (Light-Emitting Diodes) Monitor
4.TFT (Thin Film Transistor) Monitor
2. PRINTER

Used to take printouts of text or graphics


on the paper. The information printed on
the paper is permanent and is called the
hard copy.
3 TYPES OF PRINTERS
1. Dot Matrix Printer: old types of printers that are not expensive but are slow.
They have a ribbon and a print head. When a letter has to be printed, the
stamp of that letter hits the ink ribbon between the paper and itself. That’s
why they are also called Impact printers.
INK-JET PRINTERS
 Prints characters by throwing a jet of ink on the paper. These are not
expensive but their printing cost is high. They are better than dot matrix and
quality is also better.
LASER PRINTERS

 The fastest printers. They are also the most expensive. Most
books, pamphlets, flyers etc. are printed using this printer.
3. SPEAKERS

Used to listen to sounds produced from a


computer. External speakers are those
which are outside the main computer
system. Internal speakers are often
fixed inside the computer’s monitor.
COMPUTER SOFTWARE

 Set of computer programs that enables the hardware or different


computer parts to perform a particular function in a desired
manner.
 Set of commands or instructions given to a computer.
 Examples of Software: Web browsers, games, paint, LOGO,
Windows 10,WordPad, Notepad, etc.
TYPES OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE
1. System Software- designed for integrating computer hardware and
applications.
Functions: 1. integrating hardware with software
2. enabling computers to provide different functions
3. providing platform for software to run.
2. Application software – allows to accomplish one or more specific
non-computer related tasks.
Examples: Educational Software, Medical software, Computer Games

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