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CITATIONS

This document provides an overview of APA citation and reference style, including: - In-text citations use the author-date format and reference page includes full source details. - Basic formats are given for books, journal articles, and electronic sources, including use of DOIs. - Rules are described for citing multiple authors, secondary sources, and formatting reference entries. - Citation generators can help create accurate citations in APA style.

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Al-najer Juddin
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18 views

CITATIONS

This document provides an overview of APA citation and reference style, including: - In-text citations use the author-date format and reference page includes full source details. - Basic formats are given for books, journal articles, and electronic sources, including use of DOIs. - Rules are described for citing multiple authors, secondary sources, and formatting reference entries. - Citation generators can help create accurate citations in APA style.

Uploaded by

Al-najer Juddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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*1.

In-text Citations:

In APA format, in-text citations are used to give credit to the original source of information within the text of
your paper. The basic format is (Author, Year), and it is typically placed at the end of a sentence before the
punctuation.

Example: (Smith, 2018) or (Smith & Jones, 2018)

If the author's name is mentioned in the sentence, you only need to include the publication year in
parentheses. Example: According to Smith (2018),...
2. Reference Page:

The reference page provides detailed information about each source cited in your paper. It includes the full
bibliographic information necessary for someone to locate the source.

Basic Format for Books: Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle.
Publisher.

Example: Smith, J. A. (2018). Research Methods in Psychology. Academic Press.

Basic Format for Journal Articles: Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of the article. Title of
Journal, volume number(issue number), page range.

Example: Johnson, M. D., & Thompson, R. J. (2019). The impact of technology on cognitive development.
Journal of Educational Psychology, 112(4), 567-580.
3. Electronic Sources:

When citing online sources, include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) if available. If a DOI is not available,
include the direct URL.

Example with DOI: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), page
range. doi:xx.xxx/yyyy

Example without DOI: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), page
range. Retrieved from http://www.xxxxxx
4. Citing Multiple Authors:

For two authors, include both names every time the reference occurs in the text.
For three to five authors, list all authors the first time the reference occurs; in subsequent citations, use only
the first author followed by "et al."
5. Secondary Sources:

When citing a work discussed in another source, use the phrase "as cited in" to indicate the original source.

Example: (Smith, 2018, as cited in Jones, 2019)


6. Formatting Rules:

Use a hanging indent for reference entries.


Italicize the titles of longer works (books, journals) and use quotation marks for shorter works (articles,
chapters).
Capitalize the first word of the title, subtitle, and any major words in the name of a journal or book.
7. Citation Generators:

There are several online tools and software (e.g., Zotero, EndNote) that can help you generate citations in APA
format. These tools are especially useful for managing references and ensuring accuracy.
Remember, the APA style is regularly updated, so it's essential to consult the latest edition of the APA
Publication Manual or the official APA website for any recent changes or updates.

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