www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.

com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL TEST OF ENGLISH 1 Mart 2020

This test consists of 80 questions.

6. Hunter-gatherer societies usually ----- bands of

1. - 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere approximately 50 individuals who are related
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. to each other through marriage or some other
ceremonies.
1. Although Søren Kierke gaard is widely A) fall behind B) put on
regarded as the father of existentialism, his ----
as an important thinker was long delayed. C) bring down D) consist of

A) reluctance B) redundancy E) come through

C) recognition D) rebellion
E) rejection

7. - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere

2. Toronto is known worldwide for its uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
multicultural ---- , which provides one of the
most important reasons to visit the city. 7. Most sociologists ---- that over the past
A) composition B) endurance decades, the concept of family ----- significant
and rapid changes.
C) obstacle D) implementation
A) should agree / would undergo
E) destruction
B) agree / has undergone
C) need to agree / had undergone
3. Song and dance are the elements of ballet,
which distinguishes it from theatre, in which D) might agree / used to undergo
song and dance may be present, but are not E) had agreed / will have undergone
necessary elements.
A) sufficient B) fragile
C) temporary D) essential
8. Though it is now part of Greater London,
E) vague Hampstead in England ---- once a separate
village, and it ----- a village character to this day

4. Almost all we know of Siddhartha Gautama’s A) would be / will retain

life comes from biographies written by his B) has been / is retaining
followers centuries after his death, and which
differ ----- in many details. C) had been / retained

A) sustainably B) coincidentally D) is / has retained

C) widely D) gradually E) was / retains

E) efficiently

5. Originating from the 17th-century pleasure 9. Archaeological sites can develop ----- great or
gardens of France, amusement parks are small amounts of time and space, and ----
controlled environments that ----- visitors large or small actions of humans and nature.
through the simulations of space, place and A) in / above B) over / through
experience.
C) for / on D) from / at
A) entertain B) threaten
E) along / beyond
C) protect D) respect
E) interrupt
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

10. The Enlightenment was a period characterised 15. When first introduced, gasoline-powered
by a decline ----- religious authority and the vehicles remarkably impacted the delivery of
replacement of the medieval focus on the next newspapers ----- they could be distributed
world by a greater emphasis ----- mankind’s throughout cities and rural areas to more
place in this world. readers more quickly.
A) off / to B) for / at A) unless B) because
C) from / with D) about / by C) before D) just as
E) in / upon E) although

16. the ancient Greeks did not invent the style

of sandals, they created many types of them
11. Most theories of development attempt to such as leather ones.
define the social, economic, or political
conditions ---- which humans are able to live -- A) As B) Even though
-- dignity and fulfilment.
C) If D) Once
A) for / onto B) through / from
E) Given that
C) around / across D) under / with
E) above / along
17. In 2000, the total value of goods and services
exchanged between countries ----- international
trade was roughly $6.9 trillion.
A) contrary to B) instead of
12. Many supermarkets place high-demand items
such as milk in the back of the store ---- C) on behalf of D) rather than
consumers will need to walk through the
E) as a result of
entire store and perhaps purchase extra items.
A) before B) so that
C) as if D) until 18. print media which enables adults to have
some control over the kinds of information
E) as soon as children could access, visual media signals
the end to such control.
A) Due to B) Similar to
C) Along with D) As a consequence of
13. access to technology resources was
previously cited as the most challenging E) In contrast to
obstacle for teachers, the lack of time to learn
new programmes and to infuse them in their
teaching is currently seen as a major 19. In ancient Rome, pearls were------rare and
challenge. expensive ----- they were reserved almost
A) Since B) Whereas exclusively for the noble and affluent.

C) In case D) As if A) whether / or B) as / as

E) Whenever C) so / that D) either / or

E) such / that

14. There are about 30 species of coffee, ------only 20. The Orkney Island are situated in the path of
two species provide most of the world market the warm Gulf Stream, ----- continuously
with coffee. washes nutrients ashore and keeps the
winters relatively mild.
A) as B) or
A) which B) where
C) otherwise D) so
C) when D) how
E) but
E) what
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

21. - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıda ki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Water is essential for life, not only in terms of its

biological utility, but also for its social, economic, health, Public-private partnerships may not always seem to
technical, financial, and political dimensions. (21) ---- , be a desirable solution at first. Most organisations
historically, the availability of a domestic water supply prefer to stay on paths they know well, (26) ---- goals
has been a significant factor in the development of and work practices with other groups that think and
civilisations. If naturally occurring freshwater is polluted act like them – governments working with
as a result of human activities, various processes are governments, businesses with businesses, and non-
(22) ---- to convert the raw water to a quality fit for a profit groups with non-profit groups. Governments
particular use, such as drinking. In most cases, because and private firms have long worked together under
of high levels pollution by humans, water (23) ---- before simple arrangements, (27) ---- government purchase
and after its use. The behaviour of humans (24) ---- their of products produced by the private sector. However,
consumption of water also has historical, geographical, both parties often hesitate to (28) ---- more complex
and cultural dimensions. Water has various uses, relationships. Governments are frequently concerned
including agricultural, recreational, industrial, and that private businesses will take advantage of them,
domestic. (25)-----a limited amount of usable water, there (29)---- businesses often consider government
is competition, sometimes tension, among various water approaches to be burdensome and a waste of time.
users. Both market-oriented and hierarchy-based rules Therefore, it is useful to allow some time for trust to
are used to distribute water among its various consumers. be established (30) the key partners.

21.
26.
A) However B) Even so
A) having been shared B) sharing
C) Instead D) For instance
C) to be shared D) being shared
E) In contrast
E) to have shared

22.
A) required B) reversed 27.

C) received D) disrupted A) except for B) despite

E) eliminated C) rather than D) such as

E) as opposed to
23.
A) might have been treated 28.
B) would have been treated A) bring back B) call off
C) must be treated C) engage in D) take away
D) is able to be treated E) find out
E) could have been treated
29.
24.
A) while B) so
A) prior to B) regarding
C) for D) given that
C) despite D) for the sake of
E) only if
E) expect for

25. 30.

A) Towards B) Into A) along B) behind

C) From D) Above C) against D) at

E) With E) among
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

34. Even though the 17th-century French

31. - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun philosopher René Descartes has been
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. remembered primarily for his contributions to
philosophy, ----.
31. Although American community colleges have
existed since the late 19th century, ----. A) he has one of the leading philosopher of his
time
A) little sociological attention has been paid to
these institutions until recently B) he also showed curiosity about many aspects
of the natural world
B) many scholars view them as a great invention
of US higher education C) many people encounter Descartes only
through his writings
C) they have made post-secondary education
accessible to many Americans D) his rationalistic ideas have been praised by
many researchers and philosophers
D) they have been accepting students from all
around the world for master’s degree E) almost all philosophers after him were deeply
influenced by his works
E) they have had several important functions
throughout its history

32. Even though online shopping has become 35. Whereas fantasy deals with the impossible, ----.
extremely popular all over the globe, ----. A) social and political arguments in science fiction
A) some online platforms ensure that their have been emphasised even more since the
consumers’ personal information remain 1900s
confidential B) the beginnings of science fiction go back to
B) not only teenagers but also young adults are prehistoric myths and tales of fantastic
doing online shopping more frequently voyages and adventures
C) many industries are voluntarily following strict C) science fiction stories may be set in the future
self-regulation processes to avoid its abuse as well as in the past or even in the present
day
D) policy guidelines for regulating and
authenticating the e-trade have been released D) science fiction describes events that could
actually occur according to accepted theories
E) most buyers are a bit worried about placing
their faith in faceless, online companies for E) science fiction is thought to have reached its
some products most characteristic modern form by the late
1800s

33. , while public universities receive a mixture

of state appropriations and student tuition.
A) Universities are very labour intensive, with the 36. An electronic book is the result of combining a
major portion of expenditures being devoted to digital text with an electronic reading device ----.
salaries and benefits A) although computers and other electronic
B) Public and private enterprises have some devices have always supported the reading of
specialised accounts for the unique functions text files
of those institutions B) because the text coding in e-books provides
C) Most private universities depend heavily on many of the features that people value in
student tuition as the major source of revenue printed works
D) The objectives of public colleges and C) while this technology offers advantages such
universities differ from those of commercial as keyword-searching and note-taking
enterprises D) once the integration of printed text with
E) The primary sources of revenue vary electronic devices has potential in education
depending on whether an institution is public or E) so that the text can be read in the same
private manner as a paper-based book
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

37. The long tradition of Greek bronze sculpture 40. Although Freud was flexible in his own
started during the third millennium BC, ----. thinking, and he reformulated his own theories
multiple times, ----.
A) but bronze was easier to cast and stronger
than pure copper A) he was not the first clinician to practice
B) when the advantages of using bronze in psychotherapy
sculpture became evident B) many of his ideas were greatly supported by
C) since bronze was an alloy made of 90 percent his contemporaries
copper and 10 percent tin C) he aspired to make psychoanalysis an applied
D) supposing that early Greek bronze statues science
were rather simple designs D) he linked childhood experiences to adult
E) as sculptors employed various techniques emotional adjustment
depending on the type of the material E) he was less tolerant of the divergent views of
his followers

38. , Limbu, one of the ethnic languages spoken

in Nepal, is likely to be completely extinct by
the end of this century.
A) Although at present it is highly unlikely that the
next generation of speakers will be raised in
this language
B) When today’s generation of young adults
eventually start to show interest in their native
language
MODADİL Yayınları

C) Whereas there are reportedly very few isolated

households where this language is still spoken
today
D) Unless necessary measures are taken to
revitalise this language through the primary
school system
E) Because many linguists think that the language
needs urgent grammatical documentation

39. Many studies report an increased tendency to 41. The first Americans were mainly hunters ----.
bully in today’s society ----. A) though their prey were mostly large herbivores
A) so that the internet makes it easier for bullies such as bison and mammoths
to project their own feelings of inadequacy onto B) if the wooded environment had not provided
complete strangers them with a diverse range of foods
B) because in our competitive world, people will C) although occasional finds of plant material
do anything to inflate their fragile status, show that they had a varied diet
including pulling others down
D) as they obtained food by cultivating a number
C) although more and more people commit online of local plants
hate crime against other users based on their
E) because this way of life survived until the
race, religion or gender
appearance of European settlers
D) given that school administrators around the
globe have developed a growing awareness of
the impact of bullying
E) since psychotherapists describe bullying as a
transfer of shame, a coping mechanism
simply to suppressing our own shame by
disgracing others
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

44. The term ‘urbanisation’ is used to define the

42. - 53. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye economic and social changes that accompany
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe population concentration in urban areas and
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi the growth of cities.
bulunuz.
A) ‘Kentleşme’ terimi, ekonomik ve sosyal
değişimlere bağlı olarak kentlerin büyümesiyle
meydana gelen nüfus yoğunluğunu
42. Although Siberia feels far away to many tanımlamak için kullanılır.
Americans, it actually sits only 90 kilometres
from Alaska, which is separated from Asia by B) Kentsel alanlardaki ekonomik ve sosyal
the glacial waters of the Bering Strait. değişimlerin yanı sıra nüfus yoğunluğu ve
kentlerin büyümesini tanımlamak için de
A) Sibirya birçok Amerikalıya çok uzak gelse de ‘kentleşme’ terimi kullanılır.
aslında Asya’dan Bering Boğazı’nın buzlu
C) ‘Kentleşme’ terimi, kentsel alanlardaki nüfus
suları ile ayrılan Alaska’ya yalnız 90 kilometre
yoğunluğu ile kentlerin büyümesinin yol açtığı
uzaklıktadır.
ekonomik ve sosyal değişimleri tanımlamak
B) Sibirya birçok Amerikalıya çok uzak için kullanılır.
gelmektedir, ancak Asya’dan Bering
D) Kentsel alanlardaki nüfus yoğunluğu ile
Boğazı’nın buzlu suları ile ayrılmış olan
kentlerin büyümesiyle birlikte oluşan ekonomik
Alaska’ya aslında sadece 90 kilometre
ve sosyal değişimler, ‘kentleşme’ terimi
uzaklıktadır.
kullanılarak tanımlanır.
C) Berin Boğazı’nın buzlu suları ile Asya’dan
E) ‘Kentleşme’ terimi, kentsel alanlardaki nüfus
ayrılmış olan Sibirya, aslında Alaska’ya sadece
yoğunluğuna ve kentlerin büyümesine eşlik
90 kilometre uzaklıkta olduğu hâlde pek çok
eden ekonomik ve sosyal değişimleri
Amerikalı tarafından uzak bir yer olarak
tanımlamak için kullanılır.
görülür.
D) Aslında Alaska’ya yalnızca 90 kilometre kadar
yakın olmasına rağmen bir çok Amerikalı,
Asya’dan Bering Boğazı’nın buzlu suları ile
ayrılmış olan Sibirya’yı çok uzak bir yer olarak
düşünmektedir.
E) Aslında Asya’dan Bering Boğazı’nın buzlu
suları ile ayrılmış olan Alaska’ya sadece 90
kilometre uzaklıkta olsa da birçok Amerikalı 45. Archaeology, which combines the accumulated
Sibirya’yı çok uzak bir yer olarak knowledge of centuries of investigation, gives
düşünmektedir. us the story of the human past on our planet.
A) İnsanlığın gezegenimizdeki geçmişinin
43. Of the many different relationships we form hikâyesini sunan arkeoloji, yüzyıllar boyunca
over the course of the life span, the relationship süren araştırmaların sonucunda biriken bilgiyi
between parent and child is among the most bir araya getirmektedir.
important. B) Arkeoloji, yüzyıllardır devam eden araştırmalar
sonucunda biriken bilgiyi bir araya getirmekte
A) Tüm hayatımız boyunca kurduğumuz birçok ve insanlığın gezegenimizdeki geçmişinin
farklı ilişkiye kıyasla ebeveynlerin çocukları ile hikâyesini sunmaktadır.
kurdukları ilişki hepsinden çok daha önemlidir.
C) Arkeoloji, bizlere insanlığın gezegenimizdeki
B) Tüm hayatımız boyunca kurduğumuz birçok geçmişinin hikâyesini sunarken, yüzyıllardır
farklı ilişkiden en önemli olanlarından biri de devam eden araştırmalar sonucu birikmiş olan
ebeveyn ve çocuk arasındaki ilişkidir. bilgiyi bir araya getirmektedir.
C) Ebeveyn ile çocuk arasındaki ilişki, tüm D) Yüzyıllardır devam eden araştırmalar
hayatımız boyunca kurduğumuz birçok farklı sonucunda birikmiş olan bilgiyi bir araya
ilişki içinde en önemli olanıdır. getiren arkeoloji, bizlere insanlığın
D) Tüm hayatımız boyunca birçok farklı ilişki gezegenimizdeki geçmişinin hikâyesini
kurarız, ancak bunların arasında en önemlisi sunmaktadır.
ebeveyn ile çocuk arasındaki ilişkidir. E) Yüzyıllar boyunca yapılan araştırmalar sonucu
E) Tüm hayatımız boyunca kurduğumuz birçok biriken bilgi, arkeoloji tarafından bir araya
farklı ilişki içinde ebeveyn ile çocuk arasındaki getirilerek bizlere insanlığın gezegenimizdeki
ilişki en önemlileri arasındadır. geçmişinin hikâyesi sunulmaktadır.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

46. International organisations count countries 47. Although European explorers had ventured into
and states as their members, and these Asia in the 1st century AD, the first significant
organisations have some official role in the European contact with the continent began in
international system, most notably as providers 1498, when the Portuguese fleet of Vasco da
of collective security. Gama arrives in the west coast of India.
A) Uluslararası kuruluşların, ülkeleri ve devletleri A) Avrupalı kâşifler Asya’ya MS 1. yüzyılda gitme
üyeleri olarak kabul etmesinin sebebi, bu cesaretini göstermiş olsalar da, kıta ile kayda
kuruluşların özellikle müşterek güvenlik değer ilk Avrupalı teması Vasco da Gama’nın
sağlayıcısı olarak uluslararası sistemde resmi Portekizli filosunun Hindistan’ın batı kıyılarına
bir yol yüklenmiş olmalarıdır. vardığı 1498’de başlamıştır.
B) Özellikle ülkeleri ve devletleri üye olarak kabul B) Avrupalı kâşifler Asya’ya MS 1. yüzyılda gitme
eden uluslararası kuruluşlar müşterek güvenlik cesaretini göstermiş olsalar da, Vasco da
sağlayıcısı olarak uluslararası sistemde resmi Gama’nın Portekizli filosunun Hindistan’a
bir rol oynamaktadır. vardığı yıl olan 1498, kıta ile kayda değer ilk
C) Uluslararası kuruluşlar, ülkeleri ve devletleri Avrupalı temasının başlangıcıdır.
üyeleri olarak görmektedir ve bu kuruluşların C) MS 1. yüzyılda Asya’ya gitme cesareti
özellikle müşterek güvenlik sağlayıcısı olarak gösteren Avrupalı kâşiflere rağmen, kıta ile
uluslararası sistemde resmi bir rolü vardır. kayda değer ilk Avrupalı teması Vasco da
D) Ülkeleri ve devletleri üyeleri olarak kabul eden Gama’nın Portekizli filosuyla Hindistan’ın batı
uluslararası kuruluşlar, özellikle müşterek kıyılarına vardığı 1498’de gerçekleşmiştir.
güvenlik sağlayıcısı olarak uluslararası D) MS 1. yüzyılda Asya’ya gitme cesareti
sistemde resmi bir rol yüklenmiştir. gösteren Avrupalı kâşiflerden sonra, kıta ile
E) Özellikle müşterek güvenlik sağlayıcısı olarak kayda değer ilk Avrupalı teması Vasco da
uluslararası sistemde resmi bir role sahip olan Gama’nın Portekizli filosunun Hindistan’ın batı
uluslararası kuruluşlar, ülkeleri ve devletleri kıyılarına vardığı 1498 yılında olmuştur.
üyeleri olarak saymaktadır. E) Avrupalı kâşifler Asya’ya MS 1. yüzyılda gitme
cesaretini göstermiş olmalarına rağmen, kıta
ile kayda değer ilk Avrupalı temasının
başlaması Vasco da Gama’nın Portekizli
filosunun Hindistan’ın batı kıyılarına vardığı
1498 yılına dayanır.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

48. ‘Feodalizm’ terimi, Avrupa’da 9. yüzyıl civarında 50. Haçlı Seferleri sırasında Orta Doğu’ya ulaşan
ortaya çıktığı iddia edilen, askeri insan gücü savaşçıların arasında, yeni bir ülkede yeni bir
oluşturmayı amaçlayan siyasi sistemi hayata başlamaya hevesli Avrupalı göçmenler
tanımlamak için kullanılmaktadır. de bulunuyordu.
A) ‘Feudalism’ is a term allegedly used to A) Alongside the warriors who arrived in the
describe the political system that emerged in Middle East during the Crusades, European
Europe around the 9th century with the immigrants were also willing to begin a new life
purpose of raising military manpower. in a new land.
B) It is claimed that the term ‘feudalism’ has B) Among the warriors who arrived in the Middle
been used to refer to the political system that East during the Crusades, there were also
arose in Europe around the 9th century to European immigrants eager to begin a new life
raise military manpower. in a new land.
C) ‘Feudalism’ as a term describes the political C) The warriors who arrived in the Middle East
system which allegedly arose in Europe during the Crusades were accompanied by
around the 9th century for raising military European immigrants who were eager to begin
manpower. a new life in a new land.
D) The political system that is claimed to have D) When the warriors arrived in the Middle East
arisen in Europe around the 9th century to during the Crusades, there were also
raise military manpower has been called as European immigrants among them, who
‘feudalism’. wanted to have a new life in a new land.
E) The term ‘feudalism’ has been used to E) European immigrants were among the
describe the political system aiming to raise warriors who arrived in the Middle East during
military manpower that allegedly arose in the Crusades with the aim of beginning a new
Europe around the 9th century. life in a new land.

51. On bin yıldan daha uzun bir süre önceki

49. Renler, ne yediğimizden ne giydiğimize kadar tesadüfi keşfinden bu yana çay, dünya üzerinde
günlük kararlarımızın çoğunu bilinçli veya su dışında en çok tüketilen sıvı hâline gelmiştir.
bilinçsiz olarak etkiler. A) Tea was accidentally discovered more than ten
A) Colours influence many of our daily decisions thousand years ago, and expect water, it has
such as what we eat and what we wear become the most consumed liquid on Earth.
consciously or unconsciously. B) Since its accidental discovery over ten
B) Consciously or unconsciously, colours have an thousand years ago, tea has become the most
influence on our daily decisions as to what we consumed liquid on Earth, apart from water.
eat to what we wear. C) Ever since it was discovered accidentally over
C) Colours influence many of our daily decisions ten thousand years ago, tea has been the most
consciously or unconsciously from what we eat frequently consumed liquid together with water.
to what we wear. D) From the time it was accidentally discovered,
D) Many of our daily decisions like what we eat which was over ten thousand years ago, tea
and wear are influenced consciously or has become the second most consumed liquid
unconsciously by colours. on Earth after water.
E) Like many of our daily decisions, colours E) The reason why tea has become the most
influence what we eat and what we wear frequently consumed liquid on Earth after
consciously or unconsciously. water is that it has been more than ten
thousand years since its discovery.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

52. Tarih boyunca deniz kabuğundan sigaraya

kadar çeşitli nesneler ödeme araçları olarak 54. - 59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
kullanılmıştır, ancak MÖ 8. yüzyılda altın ve anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için
gümüş baskın hâle gelmiştir. getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.

A) Various items ranging from seashells to

cigarettes were used as means of payment 54. Migration is the movement of people from one
throughout history, but gold and silver became geographic location to another. Migration may
predominant in the 8th century BC. result from many different causes. In some
cases, economic opportunities may motivate
B) Gold and silver predominated as means of individuals to move. Algerian guest workers in
payment in the 8th century BC, but a number of France are an example of this situation ----- For
items from seashells to cigarettes were used instance, violence emerging from internal
throughout history. conflicts in Rwanda and Sudan has created
C) Not only silver and gold, which predominated mass migrations during recent years.
in the 8th century BC, but also various items
A) Migration affects not only the recipient region
such as seashells and cigarettes were
or country but also the region or country of
employed throughout history as means of
origin.
payment.
B) War and political unrest also frequently lead to
D) Throughout history, a wide range of items
large-scale movements of people.
including seashells and cigarettes were in use
as means of payment, but nothing compares to C) Migration may boost economic productivity by
gold and silver, which became predominant in using labour in a more efficient manner.
the 8th century BC. D) Contrary to the common view, migration may
E) Although gold and silver became predominant also produce opportunities as well as
as means of payment in the 8th century BC, a challenges.
variety of items such as seashells and E) Migration is categorised in many ways to better
cigarettes were used throughout history. describe the characteristics of these
movements.

55. The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci is perhaps

the world’s most well-known painting. It is
53. Gazetelerin televizyon yayıncılığına göreceli difficult to think of another piece of artwork that
olarak başarılı bir biçimde uyum sağlamasına has been analysed, talked about and written
rağmen, televizyon öncesi dönem muhtemelen about to quite the same degree as this one. ----
gazetelerin en parlak dönemi olarak kabul Some believe that the model was da Vinci’s
edilmektedir. own mother, Caterina, or Princess Isabella of
Naples, or a Spanish noblewoman named
A) Even after the relatively successful adaptation
Costranza d’Avalos. Some even suggested that
of newspaper to television broadcasting, the
da Vinci based the portrait on his own
pretelevision era is accepted to be the heyday
likeliness due to the subject’s slightly
of newspapers.
masculine facial features.
B) Even though the pretelevision era is likely to be
seen as the heyday of newspapers, the A) The painting was eventually acquired by King
adaptation of newspapers to television Francis I of France and is now the property of
broadcasting was relatively successful. the French Republic.
C) The pretelevision era is most probably B) Perhaps the most plausible answer came
considered the heyday of newspapers, but from art historian Vasari, who suggested that
their adaptation to television broadcasting was the model was Lisa Gherardini del Giocondo.
regarded as relatively successful. C) But however famous the portrait is, the true
D) Though newspapers were adapted to inspiration behind that half-smile has never
television broadcasting with relative success, it been truly discovered.
is likely that the pretelevision era is considered D) It has remained on permanent display at the
to be the heyday of newspapers. Louvre Museum in Paris since 1797 where it
E) Despite the relatively successful adaptation of continues to attract huge crowds.
newspapers to television broadcasting, the E) A 500-year-old note by one of da Vinci’s
pretelevision era is likely to be regarded as the friends, which stated that the artist was
heyday of newspapers. working on the portrait, was recently
discovered.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

56. The principal source of revenue in Afghanistan 58. Students’ fundamental motor skills are already
traditionally came from the agricultural sector. developing when they begin kindergarten, but
For a long time, the country was capable of are not yet perfectly coordinated. Five-year-
producing not only enough food to feed its olds can generally walk satisfactorily for most
entire population but surplus food to export school-related purposes. For some at this age,
abroad ----- Given that the country could grow running still looks a bit like a hurried walk, but
crops only to live on, not to sell, the decline in usually it becomes more coordinated within a
income levels increased poverty, dramatically year or two. Similarly with jumping, throwing,
causing various economic difficulties at the and catching ----- Whoever is responsible, it is
same time. important to notice if a child does not keep
more-or-less to the usual developmental
A) Moreover, the private sector played a major timetable.
role in the country’s traditional economic
activities in 2000. A) From kindergarten to the end of high school,
B) Besides, the country had many economic students improve basic motor skills, double
relations with the former Soviet Union in the their height and triple their weight.
past. B) Students who are clumsy are aware of how it
C) However, it was in 2001 that the country was could negatively affect their status among their
no longer able to produce enough food. peers.

D) Similarly, the agricultural sector has never C) Even if physical skills are not a special focus of
produced at full capacity for decades in a classroom teacher, they can be quite
Pakistan. important to students themselves.

E) In addition, the telecommunications D) Failure in developing necessary motor skills

infrastructure has improved vastly since 1999. generally results in poor self-esteem and
traumatic experiences.
E) Assisting such developments is usually the
job either of physical education teachers, or of
classroom teachers.

57. Ancient Rome had no police force, at least not

in the way that we tend to think of it today. This
was not unusual or unique, since the police 59. Ecotourism organisations play a major role in
force in its modern sense did not develop until researching the viability of ecotourism as a
the 18th and 19th centuries ----- Up until recently, sustainable development tool. Universities
none of these was perceived to be the provide funding and facilities for this research,
particular responsibility or duty of the state. and also function as a forum for related debate.
Rome did possess a legal system, but this ---- A good recent example is the Canadian
system was only applied to cases that were, on public agency Canadian Tourism Commission’s
the whole, brought to the court by private efforts to document Canadian ecotourism
citizens. practices in the publication Catalogue of
A) The job of the modern police is to prevent Exemplary Practices in Adventure Travel and
crime, investigate crimes that have been Ecotourism. This document will serve as a
committed, and catch criminals. learning tool for other ecotourism
entrepreneurs.
B) During the republic, it was strictly forbidden to
have military forces within the pomerium, the A) However, they have not established the basic
sacred boundary of the city. standards for the sector.
C) The city streets were considered to be B) Some government agencies also play a major
particularly dangerous at night due to role in this effort.
robberies. C) Ecotourism provides important benefits
D) Interpersonal violence seems to have been especially for the areas affected by climate
permitted or at least ignored and was seen as change.
a way of setting disputes. D) Public universities should take more active
E) The state intervened in cases in which a crime roles in the development of ecotourism.
was perceived to have been committed against E) There is a need for guiding certification
the state. programmes in ecotourism.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

60. - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla

okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü 63. (I) Many people who struggle with insomnia already
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. know the basics of ‘sleep hygiene’: make sure your
bedroom is dark, keep a regular bedtime, only use
60. (I) The Byzantine Empire, which developed the bed for sleep, etc. (II) However, they have
organically out of the Roman Empire and its ancient probably also found those tips to be insufficient. (III)
Mediterranean civilisation, has no clear starting Insomnia is a disaster that will ruin the following day
point. (II) The term Byzantine is modern, coined by as well. (IV) That is because sleep gets sabotaged
historians to underline the distinctive qualities of the by what psychologists call an ‘ironic effect’: the
civilisation centered in Constantinople. (III) Many harder you try to fall asleep, the more difficult it gets.
date its origins to the year 330 AD, when Emperor (V) To avoid this, you need to reduce your emphasis
Constantine I established his new imperial capital, on sleep.
Constantinople. (IV) Others favour the mid-6th A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
century during the reign of Justinian I the Great, the
last emperor to speak Latin as his native tongue. (V)
Still others argue that it only emerged as a distinctive
civilisation after the Arab conquests of the 7th century.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

64. (I) Mycenaean society was greatly influenced by the

Minoans who had developed on the island of Crete.
(II) Although the Minoan culture had faded at the
time the Mycenaeans came to Crete, the
61. (I) Egyptology as a discipline did not fully develop Mycenaeans adopted much of the Minoan culture.
until Jean-François Champollion’s decipherment of (III) For example, in the early years their hairstyles
ancient Egyptian in 1822. (II) Since then, it has dealt were similar to the Minoans but much more carefully
with all aspects of ancient Egypt, including language styled in long curls held in place by richly decorated
and literature, architecture, archaeology, art, and crowns. (IV) Later, Mycenaean men cut their hair
overall historical developments. (III) Major finds, such short or bound it closely to their head and grew
as the tomb of Tutankhamun, the workmen’s village at beards. (V) After the fall of the Minoan and
Giza, and, more recently, the origins of the alphabet Mycenaean civilisation in about 1200 BC, Greek
have fuelled public interest in Egyptology and the field society developed.
as a whole. (IV) Ancient Egyptian civilisation lasted
from approximately 3000 BC until the date of the last A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
known hieroglyphic inscription in 395 AD. (V) With
archaeologists and historians making great
discoveries every year, the perceptions of key issues
in ancient Egyptian civilisation continue to change.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

65. (I) Just over a year ago, an eager team of

archaeologists dug under the mud of a slum in Cairo
erected on the ruins of the pharaonic city of
Heliopolis. (II) They recovered a gigantic statue,
62. (I) The term ‘graphics’ is often taken for granted and which was believed by team to represent the
used in a generic sense. (II) Graphic designers are pharaoh Ramses the Great. (III) His policies allowed
professionals who may even coordinate the the Hellerries to establish colonies on Egyptian soil for
production of a printed material. (III) In fact, graphics the first time. (IV) However, there was slight
are a powerful way to communicate in today’s visually disappointment when it was discovered that the
oriented society. (IV) Most publications need strong, statue was not of Ramses but a lesser-known 7th-
dominant visual elements to make them more century BC ruler of Egypt, Psamtik I. (V) Despite the
interesting to the reader. (V) They are extremely disappointment, though, this discovery was instantly
useful to help attract attention, unify a look, convey celebrated by archaeologists not only in Egypt but
special meaning, and add impact. also around the globe.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

67. What was especially interesting about the

66. - 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre research on Canadian technical advisors in
cevaplayınız. Kenya?

As difficult as they may be in some cases, culture A) Psychological adjustment at the end of the first
shock experiences serve as the very force that year was directly related to culture shock.
drives strangers to learn and adapt. It is through the B) Some participants who experienced higher
presence of stress that strangers are compelled to levels of culture shock were found to be more
strive to achieve the level of learning and self- effective in their jobs.
adjustment, which is necessary in order to meet the
demands of the environment and to work out new C) The level of professional effectiveness was
ways of handling their daily activities. In a study of unrelated to the magnitude of culture shock
within the first year.
Canadian technical advisors who were on two-year
assignments in Kenya, researchers found that the D) All of the subjects in the study showed greater
intensity and directionality of culture shock was effectiveness in their jobs when they were
unrelated to patterns of psychological adjustment at subject to further culture shock.
the end of the first year in the alien land. Of E) In some cases, patterns of culture shock and
particular interest is the finding that, in some psychological adjustment were found to be
instances, the magnitude of culture shock was related to the environment.
positively related to the individuals’ social and
professional effectiveness within the ne environment
(i.e., the greater the culture shock, the greater the
effectiveness). Based on this finding, it was thought
that culture shock experiences might, in fact, be
responsible for successful adaptation. This point is
further echoed in research that shows culture shock
is a traditional learning experience that facilitates a
psychological change from a state of low self-
awareness and cultural awareness to a state of high
self-awareness and cultural awareness.

66. According to the passage, stress ----. 68. It can be inferred from the passage that prior to
the study on Canadian technical advisors in
A) weakens a person’s ability to achieve learning Kenya, most researchers had assumed that
and self-adjustment. culture shock ----.
B) hinders the handling of daily activities in
A) helped individuals to fully integrate into a
unfamiliar environments
foreign culture
C) is what causes people to become less social in
B) caused the formation of experiences that
a new culture
facilitated change
D) helps those experiencing culture shock to
C) allowed individuals to change states of
better adapt to a foreign environment
awareness
E) makes it impossible for strangers to meet the
D) occurred when foreigners experienced high
demands of a new environment
self-awareness
E) was an obstacle to adaptation to be a foreign
environment
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

70. According to the passage we can reduce

69. - 71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre screen time and its possible harm by ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) Installing readily available health application
The explosion of mobile phone use has that monitor and limit our screen use
revolutionised our lives. We can download movies, B) paying more attention to the relation between
communicate with our family members, and obesity and screen time
broadcast to the world, all at the push of a button.
However, there are some questions about these C) comparing our screen time with that of our
valuable devices we have been unable to answer, family members
such as the possibility of health conditions resulting D) becoming more conscious of our usage of
from excessive ‘screen time’. Yet, many initial screens and how related they are to our lives
reactions have been more spontaneous than E) incorporating more healthy activities into our
evidence-based. In the past decade, we have heard lives
that they will rewire our brains, strip us of cognitive
abilities and damage our mental health. In truth,
there is no good evidence that such alarming
conditions are caused by our tech habits. The World
Health Organization, for example, recommends
limiting screen time as a way of tackling obesity,
voicing no health concerns related to screens in
particular. It says that children under 3 should have
no screen time and those aged 3 to 4 should be
limited to an hour a day, but its focus is on curbing
childhood obesity. As the fears grow and the debate
becomes more heated, it is time to separate the
proven health advice from exaggerated facts.
Rather than impose unreasonable limits, we should
take a look at our use of screen and ask how they fit
with the activities and lifestyles we want as
individual and families.

69. It is pointed out in the passage that excessive 71. The attitude of the author towards common
screen time ----. reactions concerning our tech habits is ----.
A) is proven to delay developmental processes in A) sceptical
children under 3
B) sarcastic
B) shows no convincing evidence of damaging
our cognitive abilities and mental health C) admiring

C) prevents small children from interacting with D) supportive

their families and other children E) optimistic
D) is seen as the main reason for inducing
childhood obesity in those aged 3 to 4
E) may change the way our brains work, leading
to alarming health conditions
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

73. It is pointed out in the passage that ----.

72. - 74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) Achebe both studied and taught in University
Collage, Ibadan
The most celebrated African novelist is Chinua B) Achebe started his career at Nigerian
Achebe, whose Things Fall Apart permanently Broadcasting Comparation
transformed the landscape of African fiction, both in
his own continent and in the Western imagination. C) Okigbo provided Achebe financial support to
His novels effectively challenged many of the set up his own publishing company
West’s false impressions of African life and culture, D) Okigbo wrote poems about the civil war in
replacing simplistic stereotypes with portrayals of a Nigeria
complex society still suffering from a legacy of E) In Things Fall Apart, Achebe mentioned the
Western colonial oppression. Achebe was born in problems his own family had in the West
Ogidi, an Igbo-speaking town in eastern Nigeria,
and educated in English at church schools and
University College, Ibadan, where he subsequently
taught before joining the Nigerian Broadcasting
Corporation in Lagos. Then he launched a
publishing company with Cristopher Okigbo, a poet
soon to die in the Nigerian civil war. His Things Fall
Apart, written with an insider’s understanding of the
African world and its history, depicts the destruction
of an individual, a family and a culture during
colonialism. Helping to deny Western prejudices
about Africa, this rich portrait of a culture also
advances Achebe’s ambition to help his society
regain belief in itself and get rid of the complexes
produced by colonialism.

72. It is clearly stated in the passage that ----. 74. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.
A) Achebe has changed the way Western people A) Achebe aimed at helping Africans rebuild self-
think of African culture respect and self-confidence
B) Things Fall Apart is Achebe’s first and most B) With Things Fall Apart, Achebe made the Igbo
famous novel language more popular in the West
C) Achebe’s novels are mainly about Africans’ C) Things Fall Apart was many written from the
false assumptions about Westerners perspective of a Westerner
D) Africa has always been a culturally rich D) Achebe suggested Africans distrust Western
continent in Western imagination societies in Things Fall Apart
E) Achebe is still the best novelist for many E) Achebe faced fierce criticism in the Western
readers in Western societies world
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

76. Members of privileged classes in ancient Egypt

75. - 77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre who faced execution ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) were thrown into the Nile when they committed
Justice in ancient Egypt encompassed a range of the most unforgivable crimes
physical punishment including corporal punishment B) were not able to get away with public execution
such as beatings, and capital punishment, which is
the legal killing of a person. Punishments were C) had to remove their names from history so that
typically administered in public. Corporal they could avoid death
punishments were imposed on citizens for lesser D) had the option to commit suicide by drinking
crimes such as non-payment of taxes. But in the poison in order to avoid a painful public death
most severe cases, the Egyptian state would E) did not want their families to get their bodies
execute offenders. Robbing royal tombs, injuring the for funerals
pharaoh, and disloyalty were all regarded as the
worst crimes Egyptian citizens could commit. If
criminals were caught, they would be punished by
death. Executions were carried out in a number of
ways, most often in public. Members of privileged
classes could sometimes choose to take their own
lives by swallowing poison rather than undergoing a
painful death in public. The harshest punishment
was not only death in this world but death in the
afterlife. Burning a person’s body, throwing their
remains into the Nile, and erasing their names from
history were the most serious punishment, as the
person would not exist either here or in the
hereafter. In these cases, families would not receive
the body for burial or for the purpose of funerals.

75. The main difference between corporal punishment 77. Which of the following could be the best title of
and capital punishment was that ----. the passage?
A) the former was administered in public in most A) Capital Punishment Methods in Ancient Egypt
cases B) The Court System in Ancient Egypt
B) the latter was used more frequently in ancient C) Burial Rituals in Ancient Egypt
Egypt
D) Crime and Punishment in Ancient Egypt
C) the former was for criminals who stole from the
pharaoh E) How the Aristocracy was Punished in Ancient
Egypt
D) the offender died as a result of the latter
E) the criminals were charged with higher taxes
for the former
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

79. According to the passage; what makes us

78. - 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre unique?
cevaplayınız.
A) How desires and conflicts appear in memories
Freud felt that our memories and how they are B) Both nice and disturbing ideas we have
arranged in our minds are vital parts of our
personalities. He proposed that there are three C) Our deep and dark secrets
basic divisions of memory that are differentiated by D) Types and awareness of memories
how aware or conscious each of us is of the E) Unfiltered and true feelings about ourselves
material in those divisions: the conscious, the
preconscious and the unconscious. The
unconscious is the most famous of the three. It
contains the memories and experiences that we are
not aware of. They are deep inside our minds and
difficult to access. Actually, Freud thought that our
unconscious is filled with all our memories,
thoughts, and ideas that are troubling, disturbing,
and horrible to keep in our conscious awareness.
This is where we keep our truest feelings, unfiltered
and unedited by the niceties of everyday life. Our
unconscious is where our deepest and most basic
desires and conflicts reside, it is the realm of
secrets so dark that we are not even aware of them
ourselves. Depending on what kind of memories we
have and how aware we are of them, we may have
a completely different personality than we do now.
Our conscious, preconscious and unconscious
memories help make us unique, giving us that
special little personality that everyone loves.

78. Freud suggested a division for our memories to 80. According to the passage, which could be an
----. example of an unconscious memory?
A) help people hide their horrible secrets A) Jealous feelings directed towards a close
B) focus more on the niceties of everyday life friend
C) simple explain our level consciousness B) Hearing how your colleagues appreciate you
D) further study people’s deepest and most basic C) Remembering simple tasks like riding a bike
desires D) Purposefully ignoring the man sitting next to
E) better understand how memories are you
unreliable E) Reliving the happiest day of your life

TEST BİTTİ.
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

2020/1 YÖKDİL SOSYAL CEVAP ANAHTARI

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 C 21 D 41 C 61 D
2 A 22 A 42 A 62 B
3 D 23 C 43 E 63 C
4 C 24 B 44 E 64 E
5 A 25 E 45 D 65 C
6 D 26 B 46 C 66 D
7 B 27 D 47 A 67 B
8 E 28 C 48 E 68 E
9 B 29 A 49 C 69 B
10 E 30 E 50 B 70 D
11 D 31 A 51 B 71 A
12 B 32 E 52 A 72 A
13 B 33 C 53 E 73 A
14 E 34 B 54 B 74 A
15 B 35 D 55 C 75 D
16 B 36 E 56 C 76 D
17 E 37 B 57 A 77 D
18 E 38 D 58 E 78 C
19 C 39 B 59 B 79 D
20 A 40 E 60 B 80 A
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN TEST OF ENGLISH 3 Kasım 2019

This test consists of 80 questions.

5. Infectious microbes from animals can be ----

1. - 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere directly to humans through an animal bite, or
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. indirectly through the bite of insects that feed
on both animals and humans.
1. In regions with a relatively dry climate, A) sentenced B) designated
intensive cultivation by farmers can have
terrible ---- , draining water sources, and C) restricted D) transmitted
causing soil erosion. E) adjusted
A) consequences B) assumptions
C) functions D) distinctions
E) observations 6. Known for their devoted parental care,
treehopper mothers -----their offspring until the
young hoppers are old enough to fly away.
A) bring about B) watch over
C) put on D) give up
2. The spectacular discoveries and ----- in
molecular biology in the last fifty years have E) keep off
created a gene-based medical revolution.
A) delays B) celebrations
C) difficulties D) achievements
7. - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
E) limitations uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

7. Although smartphones ----- arguably the most

popular gaming platform for the past couple of
years, they do not have the ability ---- with
desktop computers.
3. In recent years -----efforts have been made in
introducing improved forest harvesting A) have been / to compete
practices to tropical forests to support
B) were / to be competing
sustainable forest management.
C) could be / competing
A) considerable B) deniable
D) are / to have competed
C) vulnerable D) habitable
E) must have been / compete
E) changeable

8. E-mail advertising ----- a good reputation these

days, as people realise that it ----- affordable and
4. Asian sea bass, a fish species farmed in effective.
several Asian countries, feed ----- on small A) gets / has to be
crustaceans (crab, shrimp, etc.) and later
switch to fish as they grow up. B) was getting / could be
A) openly B) firmly C) has been getting / used to be
C) initially D) mutually D) will get / should be
E) virtually E) is getting / can be
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

9. Temperament is an emotional trait that is 15. Dogs, which are highly responsive to sensory
relatively stable ----- the life span, and is at least information, look and listen to interpret their
---- some degree, influenced by biology. surroundings, ---- humans do.
A) over / to B) into / at A) although B) just as
C) through / on D) with / of C) only when D) unless
E) about / from E) as long as

10. the 20th century, the discovery of extrasolar

planets made a great contribution to the 16. the field of seismology can be divided into
existing efforts in the search----- extraterrestrial studies of the Earth’s structure and of seismic
intelligence. sources (earthquakes, explosions, etc.), they
are not fully separable.
A) Over / at
A) As long as B) Because
B) Within / about
C) Even though D) Unless
C) Throughout / under
E) Once
D) During / for
E) With / above
17. Today, people with rare conditions could be
diagnosed quicker ----- the advances in
11. The arrival of the printing press had a profound technology including 3D facial analysis.
effect ---- Renaissance Europe and introduced
an era of mass communication ---- many A) except for B) despite
different languages. C) as well as D) thanks to
A) upon / at B) among / from E) unlike
C) on / in D) by / with
E) to / through 18. --------the advancement in Internet service and
delivery, slow-loading web pages are still
commonplace.
12. all greenhouse gas emissions were stopped
tomorrow, the average global temperature A) By means of B) Instead of
would still keep rising for the next 30 years. C) Despite D) With the help of
A) In case B) Even if E) as well as
C) Because D) Although
E) Once 19. To test a pet’s sensitivity to specific allergens,
a veterinarian routinely exposes it to these
allergens via ---- a daily serum under the tongue
13. Life expectancy at birth is the number of years
---- a shot every one to two weeks.
a newborn infant would live ----- already existing
patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were A) such / that B) so / that
to stay the same throughout its life.
C) the more / the more D) either / or
A) if B) since
E) as / as
C) in case D) so that
E) although
20. Making up the inner fifth of the Sun, the core is
---- nuclear fusion creates 99 percent of the
14. Not much progress could be made in chemistry Sun’s energy.
---- chemists gained a better understanding of A) where B) that
the materials they worked with.
C) who D) when
A) as B) until
E) whose
C) only when D) as long as
E) if
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

21. - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıda ki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Overuse of insecticides in urban areas is risky for When scientists first started to study nature, they
several reasons. It can be avoided if several other concentrated on individual living things. They
non-chemical controls (21)----. People, pets, wildlife, travelled the world, and sent samples of those living
beneficial organisms, and other non-target organisms things to museums (26)---- they were catalogued and
may be exposed to insecticides that have not been identified there. Today, this work still (27)---- , but
(22) ----applied. Such exposure could cause acute or scientists also study the way living things interact with
chronic health problems. Insecticides could leak each other. This research is particularly important
(23) the soil or enter groundwater and result in because it helps us to understand how the changes
pollution. Frequent insecticide use against particular that humans bring, (28) ---- pollution and
pests may result in resistant pest populations that are deforestation, can affect the living world. Ecology is
even harder to control. And, (24)---- the harmful the study of these connections. It involves living
impact of insecticides on beneficial organisms, their things themselves, and the raw materials and
use may also increase the risk of pest outbreaks. nutrients (29)---- by them. (30) ---- ecology, energy is
(25) --- , responsible insecticide use, in combination important because it is the driving force that keeps
with other environmentally-friendly pest management living things alive.
tactics, result in positive environmental
consequences.
21. 26.

A) would implement B) are implemented A) just as B) so that

C) have implemented D) implemented C) instead D) although

E) had been implemented E) but

22. 27.

A) randomly B) commonly A) sets out B) doubles up

C) actually D) properly C) falls down D) goes on

E) fortunately E) breaks down

23. 28.

A) by B) with A) on behalf of B) such as

C) at D) for C) according to D) instead of

E) into E) despite

24. 29.

A) in addition to B) in spite of A) used B) having used

C) in place of D) unlike C) to have used D) using

E) regardless of E) to have been used

25. 30.

A) Moreover B) Otherwise A) Behind B) On

C) However D) Likewise C) At D) Through

E) For example E) In
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

34. , but its increasing concentration is

31. - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun suspected of causing global warming.
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) Carbon dioxide is a natural constituent of the
31. As the human brain thinks, learns and atmosphere
remembers, ----. B) The burning of fossil fuels causes an increase
A) people might be suffering from a limited in carbon dioxide levels and toxic chemicals
perspective C) High levels of carbon dioxide force
B) it creates consciousness consisting of governments to take precautions regarding
thoughts and feelings the environment

C) some experts think it is possible to D) Like methane, carbon dioxide leads to an

understand the brain simply through scanning undesired change as a greenhouse gas

D) how identical cells produce an immense E) Coal burning, which produces carbon dioxide,
complexity is becoming clear to many is a serious source of pollution
scientists
E) information flow in the brains of some animals
is also easy to determine

35. There have been many attempts to define the

term ‘planet’ over the centuries, ----.
32. Since weather plays such an important role in A) because a planet refers to an object that is not
our daily lives, ----. a star and moves in an orbit
A) weather conditions are a result of the B) as long as all planets must satisfy three
atmosphere’s attempt to gain a balance criteria to be defined as a planet
B) everyone is interested in the weather forecast C) even tough it is claimed that Pluto is not a
to take precautions according to the seasonal planet
conditions
D) but to date there is still no universally agreed-
C) temperature and pressure are the most upon scientific definition of the term
important parameters in meteorology
E) unless a planet is by far the largest object in
D) people pay less attention to weather forecasts its orbital neighbourhood
on TV than on mobile apps
E) changes in temperature have minimal impact
on some people’s moods

36. Even though the term ‘biodiversity’ is relatively

new, ----.
33. Although people had long tried to visualise
certain oceanic features, ----. A) for thousands of years philosophers and
scientists have studied aspects of biodiversity
A) by 1996, an updated map of the ocean floor
based on data from orbiting satellites was B) biologists describe the diversity of organisms
created by comparing their anatomy and physiology
B) at first, scientists on ships tried to measure C) biologists will need sophisticated techniques
ocean depths and create ocean floor maps for their studies
C) only 29% of the land surface on Earth is not D) many of the people who have heard of the
submerged under the oceans term still do not understand what it means
D) it was not until technology improved that the E) scientists are not able to examine
first accurate maps of ocean could be drawn chromosomes and genes with more precision
in the 20th century
E) scientists have started to compile all the
available data about the Atlantic Ocean
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

37. Fossil fuels have traditionally been regarded as 40. Ever since scientists discovered a large
convenient sources of energy, ----. number of dinosaur fossils in the late 18th
century, ----.
A) yet the burning of fossil fuels poses many
serious environmental threats A) we have wondered how a world of giant
reptiles came to an end
B) although fossil fuels such as petroleum,
natural gas and coal are relatively plentiful in B) dinosaurs might not have become extinct due
Earth’s crust to a meteor crash
C) if they originate from ancient plants and C) lots of new research studies will have been
animals which are non-renewable energy conducted by the end of the 21st century
sources
D) many theories regarding the extinction of
D) as they raise Earth’s average temperature, dinosaurs were confirmed in the 16th century
worsening the effects of climate change
E) it had been a big question mark whether we
E) therefore capturing a small fraction of sunlight could discover some new species
could meet our energy needs several times

38. Digital libraries differ from traditional libraries

----.
A) whereas the concept of digital libraries can be
traced back to the 19th century 41. Recent findings show that storm and hurricane
intensity has grown around the world since
B) in that they exist in the ‘cyber world’ of
1970 due to rising ocean temperatures ----.
computers and the internet rather than in
physical buildings A) though hurricanes are occurring in the northern
hemisphere because of warmer ocean
C) even if information on the Internet is chaotic
temperatures
and expanding quickly and remarkably
D) although digital libraries have developed in B) but global warming models predict that storms
parallel with the rapid growth of the Internet and hurricanes are about to become less
intense soon
E) so that the digitisation of resources enables
C) as long as the number of tropical storms and
easy and rapid access to digital library
hurricanes stays the same over the next 40
content
years
D) unless the bigger storms and hurricanes bring
higher water levels, taller waves and more
storm damage
E) in case some storm-protection barriers might
39. Mountains rarely occur as isolated individuals; not be strong enough to protect against the
----. hurricanes and storms
A) still, they generally have steep slopes and a
relatively small summit area
B) instead, they are usually found in circular
groups
C) yet, some mountains have been constructed
upon the surface by eruptions of volcanic ash
D) even so, their most perceived effects are
related to the blocking of air flow
E) conversely, their systems occur both on
continents and in ocean basins
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

44. Ecological restoration is practised in all regions

42. - 53. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye of the world, but what counts as restoration
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe varies according to cultural perspective.
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
bulunuz. A) Ekolojik restorasyon olarak neyin kabul
edileceğinin kültürel bakış açısına göre
42. Although they have been searching for years, değişkenlik göstermesinin sebebi, dünyanın
astronomers have yet to find anywhere in the tüm bölgelerinde restorasyonun uygulanmakta
universe that remotely resembles the Earth. olmasıdır.

A) Gökbilimcilerin yıllarca süren arayışına B) Her ne kadar kültürel bakış açısına göre neyin
rağmen, evrende Dünya’ya az da olsa restorasyon olarak kabul edildiği konusunda
benzeyen bir yer henüz bulunamamıştır. farklılıklar olsa da ekolojik restorasyon
dünyanın tüm bölgelerinde uygulanmaktadır.
B) Yıllarca araştırma yapan gökbilimciler,
evrende Dünya’ya az da olsa benzeyen bir C) Ekolojik restorasyon dünyanın tüm
yer henüz bulamamışlardır. bölgelerinde yapılmaktadır, ancak kültürel
bakış açısı neyin restorasyon olarak kabul
C) Yıllardır aramalarına rağmen, gökbilimciler edileceğini etkilemektedir.
evrende Dünya’ya az da olsa benzeyen bir
yer henüz bulamamışlardır. D) Dünya üzerinde tüm bölgelerde uygulanmakta
olan ekolojik restorasyon, restorasyona ilişkin
D) Yıllardır evrende Dünya’ya uzaktan da olsa farklı kültürel bakış açılarından
benzeyen bir yer aramalarına rağmen, etkilenmektedir.
gökbilimciler henüz böyle bir yer
bulamamışlardır. E) Ekolojik restorasyon dünyanın tüm
bölgelerinde yapılmaktadır, ancak neyin
E) Yıllardır aranmasına rağmen, gökbilimciler restorasyon olarak kabul edildiği kültürel
tarafından evrende Dünya’ya uzaktan da olsa bakış açısına göre değişmektedir.
benzeyen herhangi bir yer henüz
bulunamamıştır.

43. Not only the physical dangers, but also the fact
that radiation puts astronauts at a higher risk of
getting cancer makes space exploration a risky
business. 45. Mechanical clocks, in the West, were made at
first for monasteries where prayers had to be
A) Sadece fiziksel tehlikeler değil, radyasyonun said at set hours of the day and night.
astronotların kansere yakalanma riskini
artırdığı gerçeği de uzay araştırmalarını riskli A) Manastırlarda duaların gündüz ve gece belirli
bir iş haline getirmektedir. saatlerde okunması gerektiğinden, Batı’daki ilk
mekanik saatler onlar için yapılmıştır.
B) Fiziksel tehlikelerle birlikte radyasyonun
astronotları kansere yakalanma riskiyle daha B) Manastırlar, duaların gündüz ve gecenin
fazla karşı karşıya getirmesi de uzay belirli saatlerinde okunma zorunluluğundan
araştırmalarını riskli bir iş yapmaktadır. dolayı Batı’da yapılan ilk mekanik saatleri
kullanmışlardır.
C) Uzay araştırmaları, yalnızca fiziksel
tehlikelerle değil, radyasyonun astronotların C) Batı’da mekanik saatler, ilk önce duaların
kansere daha fazla yakalanmalarına neden gündüz ve gecenin belirli saatlerinde
olmasıyla da riskli hale gelmektedir. okunmasının zorunlu olduğu manastırlar için
yapılmıştır.
D) Fiziksel tehlikelerin yanı sıra radyasyonun
astronotları kansere daha fazla yatkın hale D) Batı’da mekanik saatlerin ilk yapımı, duaların
getirme riski de uzay araştırmalarını tehlikeli gündüz ve gecenin belirli saatlerinde okunma
bir çalışma yapmaktadır. zorunluluğu nedeniyle manastırlar için
gerçekleştirilmiştir.
E) Uzay araştırmaları, fiziksel tehlikelerin yanı
sıra radyasyonun astronotların kansere E) Batı’da kullanılan mekanik saatler, ilk olarak
yakalanma riskini artırması sebebiyle de riskli duaların gündüz ve gece belirli saatlerde
bir iş haline gelmektedir. okunduğu manastırlarda yapılmıştır.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

46. Dopamine is one of the intriguing chemicals 48. Dünya’nın ve Venüs’ün atmosferlerindeki
found in the brains of a broad spectrum of farklılıkların birçoğu, Venüs’ün yüzeyinde yok
biological organism, from insects to all the way denecek kadar az su olmasına dayandırılabilir.
to humans.
A) Many of the differences between the
A) Dopamin, böceklerden insanlara kadar geniş atmospheres of Earth and Venus can be
bir yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların traced to the near-total lack of water on the
beyinlerinde bulunan merak uyandırıcı surface of Venus.
kimyasallardan biridir.
B) The near-total lack of water on the surface of
B) Dopamin, böceklerden insanlara kadar geniş Venus is attributed mostly to the differences
bir yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların in the atmospheres of Earth and Venus.
beyinlerinde bulunan kimyasallardan biri
olduğu için ilgi çekicidir. C) The atmospheres of Earth and Venus have a
number of differences, which could be traced
C) Dopamin, merak uyandırıcı kimyasallardan to the fact that there is almost no water on the
biridir ve böceklerden insanlara kadar geniş surface of Venus.
bir yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların
beyinlerinde bulunur. D) The fact that Venus has almost no water at all
on its surface can be considered the main
D) İlgi çekici kimyasallardan biri olan dopamin, reason why there are many differences
böcekleri ve insanları içeren geniş bir between the atmospheres of Earth and
yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların Venus.
beyinlerinde bulunur.
E) There are a number of differences between
E) Böceklerden insanlara kadar geniş bir the atmospheres of Earth and Venus, and
yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların they can be attributed to the fact that there is
beyinlerinde bulunan dopamin, ilgi çekici bir virtually no water on the surface of Venus.
kimyasaldır.

49. Kuramsal hesaplamalara göre, Everest Dağı’nın

kütlesine sahip bir kara deliğin Hawking
radyasyonu nedeniyle bütün enerjisini
kaybetmesi yaklaşık 20 milyar yıl alabilir.
A) Theoretical calculations show that a black hole
47. Bearing an incredibly rich diversity, coral reefs which has the mass of Mount Everest can take
are the rain forests of the oceans, and provide about 20 billion years to lose all its energy
shelter for numerous species. because of Hawking radiation.

A) İnanılmaz bir çeşitlilik barındıran mercan B) According to theoretical calculations, it might

kayalıkları, okyanusların yağmur ormanlarıdır take a black hole having the mass of Mount
ve sayısız canlı türüne koruma sağlar. Everest about 20 billion years to lose all its
energy due to Hawking radiation.
B) İnanılmaz bir çeşitlilik barındıran mercan
kayalıkları, sayısız canlı türüne koruma C) A black hole which has almost the same
sağladığından okyanusların yağmur amount of mass as Mount Everest may take
ormanlarıdır. approximately 20 billion years to consume all
its energy due to Hawking radiation, as
C) İnanılmaz bir çeşitlilik barındıran mercan suggested by theoretical calculations.
kayalıkları, okyanusların yağmur ormanları
oldukları için sayısız canlı türüne koruma D) According to theoretical calculations, if a
sağlar. black hole has the mass of Mount Everest, it
may lose all its energy due to Hawking
D) Mercan kayalıkları, sahip oldukları inanılmaz radiation in almost 20 billion years.
çeşitlilikle birlikte pek çok canlı türüne koruma
sağlayarak okyanusların yağmur ormanları E) Whether a black hole has the mass of Mount
olmuştur. Everest or not, it can lose all its energy in 20
billion years due to Hawking radiation, as
E) Mercan kayalıkları inanılmaz bir çeşitlilik shown by theoretical calculations.
barındırmakla kalmayıp birçok canlı türüne
koruma sağladığı için okyanusların yağmur
ormanlarıdır.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

50. Evcil kedi; erkeklerin yalnız, dişilerin ise 53. Charles Babbage çeşitli alanlarda önemli
nispeten daha sosyal olduğu tek türdür. katkılarda bulunmuştur, ancak en çok
bilgisayarın temel ögelerini kavramlaştırması ile
A) The domestic cat is a species in which males tanınır.
are alone and females are generally more
sociable. A) Although Charles Babbage contributed
significantly to various fields, he is mostly
B) The domestic cat is one of the species in
known for having conceptualised the basic
which males are solitary and females are
elements of the computer.
relatively more sociable.
C) The domestic cat is the only species in which B) Charles Babbage contributed enormously to
males are solitary and females are relatively different fields, but his most widely-known
more sociable. contribution is the conceptualisation of the key
elements of the computer.
D) Only in the domestic cat species are males
solitary and females generally more sociable. C) Charles Babbage made major contributions to
a variety of fields, but he is best known for
E) In the domestic cat species, males are solitary having conceptualised the key elements of the
while females are relatively more sociable. computer.
D) A variety of fields have benefitted from
51. Herhangi bir bilgisayar sisteminin başarısı, onu Charles Babbage’s major contributions while
kullanması beklenen kişilerin iş akışına dahil the conceptualisation of the key elements of
edilmesine bağlıdır. the computer is his best acknowledged
contribution.
A) A computer system owes its success to being
integrated into the workflow of people who will use it. E) Among his significant contributions to various
fields, Charles Babbage is best
B) A computer system’s integration into the acknowledged for conceptualising the key
workflow of people who are to use it
elements of the computer.
determines its success.
C) In order for any computer system to be
successful, it is to be integrated into the
workflow of people who will use it. 54. - 59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
D) In order to be successful, a computer system anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için
needs to be integrated into the workflow of getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
people who will use it.
E) The success of any computer system 54. Europa, one of the moons of Jupiter, appears to
depends on its being integrated into the be no more than an airless world with an icy
workflow of people who are to use it. surface ------ The Galileo spacecraft imaging also
showed features in the ice consistent with a
sub-surface ocean. In addition to that, the
52. Küresel biyoçeşitliliğin en basit ölçüm aracı, şu magnetometer indicated the presence of a
anda canlı olan türlerin sayısı anlamına gelen global layer of slightly salty liquid water.
‘tür zenginliğidir’. A) For instance, there are many ecosystems on
A) Referring to the number of species alive now, Earth that thrive and grow in water that is
‘species richness’ is one of the simplest continuously covered by ice.
measures of global biodiversity. B) However, theoretical calculations suggest that
B) The simplest measure of global biodiversity is under the ice surface of Europa, there might
‘species richness’, which means the number be a layer of liquid water.
of species alive now.
C) It is possible that sunlight passes through the
C) ‘Species richness’, is the simplest tool in cracks in the ice of Europa.
measuring global biodiversity, and it refers to
the number of species alive now. D) Europa has been the most extensively
studied moon of the planet Jupiter.
D) The simplest definition of ‘species richness’ is
the number of species alive now and it is E) In polar oceans and some ice-covered lakes,
used to measure global biodiversity. photosynthesis is performed under the ice
cover.
E) Used to measure global biodiversity in a
simple way, ‘species richness’ account for the
number of species alive now.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

55. Planetary exploration has revealed that 57. Millions of years ago, the remains of plants and
essentially every atmosphere starts at the animals decayed and built up in thick layers.
bottom with a troposphere, where temperature This decayed matter from plants and animals is
decreases with height at a nearly constant rate. called organic material; it was once alive. ----
Each atmosphere has a stratosphere, where Pressure and heat changed some of this
temperature usually increases with height or, in organic material into coal, some into oil, and
the case of Venus and Mars, decreases much some into natural gas.
less quickly than in the troposphere.
A) Seismic surveys use echoes from a vibration
A) Earth’s unique atmosphere is what makes life source at the earth’s surface.
on the planet possible.
B) Oil was formed from the remains of animals
B) The global atmosphere rotates faster than the and plants that lived millions of years ago.
solid planet.
C) The search for natural gas begins with
C) Atmospheres are found on the Sun as well as geologists locating the types of rock.
8 planets, and each has its own brand of
weather and its unique chemistry. D) Over time, the mud and soil changed to rock,
covered the organic material and trapped it
D) Earth may differ in many ways from the other beneath the rock.
planets, but not in the basic structure of its
atmosphere. E) Scientists and engineers explore a chosen
area by studying rock samples from the earth.
E) Earth has many planetary attributes that are
important to the study of its atmosphere and
oceans.

58. The products of systematic study are used in

biology in a few ways ------ For example, do the
specimens studied represent one species or
several species? If several, what are their
identities? And then, the same biologist might
want to know the relationship among these
entities in order to fully understand the
56. In some ways, diesel and petrol engines are comparative data he/she has collected. For
constructed the same. Both are designed to example, are the similarities in the ecology of
convert the chemical energy of fuel into two species the result of convergence in a
mechanical energy to power the car ----- The similar environment or common history?
biggest difference between the two engines is
the way in which the explosions take place. In a A) Systematists who publish species descriptions
petrol engine, fuel is mixed with air, are expected to observe good taxonomic
compressed, and ignited by a sparking plug, scholarship.
while a diesel engine has no sparking plug. B) First, a biologist may need some knowledge
A) The conversion takes place via a series of of species and their populations in order to
small explosions. conduct research.
B) The pressure is lower in petrol engines unlike C) Systematics is the study of the diversity of
diesel engines. organisms and the relationships among these
organisms.
C) The diesel engine has changed very little
since its invention in 1897. D) Biology is one of the oldest scientific
disciplines, with roots in antiquity and a formal
D) The introduction of petrol engines changed scientific literature.
the world in various ways.
E) Comparative sciences such as systematics
E) The diesel engine was designed to make as use the similarities and differences among the
much use of the fuel as possible. subjects studied.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

59. Seen through a microscope, protozoans often 62. (I) Ants are the ‘superweight lifters’ of the animal
look like tiny animals living at great speed. But kingdom. (II) They are often confused with
protozoans are not animals, and they do not termites despite many obvious physical
have eyes, mouths or even brains. Instead, they differences between them. (III) They are strong in
are microorganisms with just a single cell. ---- relation to their size and can carry objects 10 to
Many are active predators, hunting for food, 20 times their own weight – some species can
while others stay in one place and feed on carry objects up to 50 times their own weight. (IV)
anything edible that drifts nearby. And there are Ants are able to carry these objects great
some others that from partnerships with much distances and even climb trees while carrying
larger living things to survive. them. (V) This is comparable to a 50-kilogram
person picking up a smaller car, carrying it 3 or 4
A) These protozoans can be incredibly abundant, kilometres on his back and then climbing the
for example, an elephant can have billions of tallest mountain while still carrying the car.
them living in its gigantic gut.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
B) Most protozoans live in water, but some are
found inside other living things, and this offers
63. (I) The mixture of gases that surrounds the solid earth
them certain advantages.
is called the atmosphere. (II) Although it represents a
C) One of the fastest protozoans of all is very small fraction of the weight of the earth, it is very
Paramecium, a slipper-shaped organism important because it contains gases essential to life.
covered with fur. (III) Carbon dioxide plays an important role by
D) Unlike many other microorganisms, trapping heat, causing the greenhouse effect, which
protozoans need to eat, and they get their food keeps the earth warm and liveable, for the most part.
in different ways. (IV) Among these gases, nitrogen, oxygen and argon
dominate the atmosphere. (V) But carbon dioxide,
E) Some microorganisms that live in the which is vital to life on Earth, makes up only 0.32
intestines of plant-eating animals may cause percent of atmosphere.
dangerous diseases.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

60. - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 64. (I) All human activities generate some form of
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü waste, and some of them are called ‘hazardous
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. waste’. (II) In its most general sense, the term
‘hazardous waste’ comprises toxic chemicals,
60. (I) A very effective antibiotic has just been produced radioactive materials, and biological or infectious
thanks to the recent developments in biotechnology. waste. (III) Hazardous waste poses a threat to
(II) The term ‘biotechnology’ was coined in 1919 by workers through occupational exposure and to the
Hungarian scientist Karl Ereky to mean ‘any product public through exposure in homes, communities,
produced from raw materials with the aid of living and the general environment. (IV) Technical and
organisms’. (III) But in its broadest sense, the practice regulatory efforts have been made to reduce
of biotechnology dates back to ancient times. (IV) In hazardous gas from motor vehicles. (V) The
approximately 6000 BC, the Sumerians and exposure may occur near the site of generation,
Babylonians discovered the use of yeast. (V) And in along transportation corridors, and near the
about 4000 BC, the Egyptians employed yeast to ultimate disposal sites.
make bread and the Chinese bacteria to make yogurt.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

65. (I) Every year, 8 million tonnes of plastic end up in

61. (I) We know dirty air is bad for our bodies, causing the oceans. (II) Ocean currents trap a major
the equivalent of millions of deaths worldwide every portion of this plastic in an area of the North
year, making it a bigger killer than smoking. (II) Air Pacific three times the size of France. (III) The
pollution leads to a number of problems for many German Parliament has recently introduced a law
species. (III) But could air pollution be bad for our to reduce the effects of air pollution caused by
mind too? (IV) A study has found that psychotic plastic materials. (IV) A Dutch project called
experiences, which can involve hearing or seeing Ocean Clean-up has placed a 600-m-long
something that others do not, are more common floating, U-shaped barrier there, which is carried
among teenagers in the UK’s most polluted areas. forward by currents, waves, and wind, collecting
(V) However, the association does not mean that the waste, so it can be pumped up by ships. (V) A
breathing in air pollution leads to psychosis in total of 60 barriers will be launched with the hope
teenagers since there could be other explanations. of collecting half of this ocean plastic by 2025.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

67. According to the passage how do wolves reveal

66. - 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre their feelings?
cevaplayınız.
A) They interact with their own relatives by
Just like in the well-known fable Little Red Riding making loud noises.
Hood, wolves are traditionally described as villains B) They communicate through some techniques
and portrayed as evil and horrible. Now, thanks to the that humans find unpleasant.
latest research, this picture of wolves is changing.
New studies and evidence give an intriguing insight C) They have to make more efforts than the
into a sophisticated social structure centred around dogs we know today.
wolf family life. At the root of this is a complex level of
D) They use their faces as a medium of
communication built partly on facial expressions that
communication.
reflect a wolf’s feelings. In effect, wolves ‘talk’ by
making faces at each other. Researchers believe E) They utilise a technique which can only be
wolves may have used these communication skills to understood by hunter-gatherers.
build bridges with hunter-gatherer people in a journey
that finally led to the domestic dogs we know today.
“Most people think of wolves as unpleasant creatures
but this is nonsense,” says Elena Hobkirk of Durham
University. “They are in fact animals which are
capable of joy and friendliness as well as anger.”

66. According to the passage, wolves ----. 68. What is the main purpose of the author?
A) are undeniably the villains of the social A) To criticise traditional story-telling about wolves
structure around them
B) To inform readers about the family structure
B) are being given a new image thanks to the of wolves
recent studies about them
C) To compare today’s dogs and wolves in terms
C) are usually illustrated as friendly and adorable of their behaviour
in literary works
D) To give information about new studies related
D) are often the main characters of fables and to the nature of wolves
fairy tales
E) To explain how wolves communicate with
E) are described in Little Red Riding Hood in humans
terms of their family life
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

70. What is the passage mainly about?

69. - 71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) Questions that are commonly asked about the
way women and men cry
Compared with other bodily fluids, tears are vastly B) Different studies seeking to determine how
understudied. Collecting the salty drops is tedious – tears relate to social bonding
weepy donors are rare, men hardly ever sign up and
tears must be ‘fresh’ for their make-up to be properly C) Emotions that are conveyed during many
analysed. As a result, researches lack a consensus different stages of crying
about the purpose of a basic human behaviour. Is
D) Gender differences when expressing feelings
crying a primal way to communicate that many species
through crying
share, as some chemists hypothesise? Or is it, as
psychologist have put forward, a uniquely human key to E) The challenges involved in studying why
social bonding? Neurobiologist Noam Sobel has a plan humans cry and a possible solution to them
to advance the field: He has perfected a way to flash-
freeze tears and is now working to create a ‘tear bank’
for researchers around the world. Sobel hopes
interested researchers will eventually be able to select
tears by age and gender from the tear bank. This
customised access could be of great help to
experiments dealing with many unanswered questions
about the chemistry of crying: Do tears of men and
women differ? Do the tears affect moods or appetite?
How do emotional and non-emotional tears – from, say,
cutting onions – compare? For Sobel, the more people
who cry their eyes out, the better for the tear bank.

69. According to the passage research about tears 71. Sobel thinks that the more people cry, the more
is rarely carried out due to the ----. ----.
A) lack of consensus about its purpose A) tear samples there will be
B) questions that remain unanswered B) relief they will receive
C) scarcity of the samples needed C) emotional they will get
D) complicated nature of the topic D) questions there will be
E) unique chemistry of the fluid E) unhealthy eyes they will have
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

73. It can be inferred from the passage that

72. - 74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre aesthetic effects of air pollution ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) are the most common type
The effects of air pollution have been divided into B) make an area seem unattractive
several categories so that better analyses of
pollutants can be conducted. Effects include C) can increase the risk of asthma
aesthetic losses, economic losses, safety hazards,
D) are within the minor risk group
personal discomfort, and health effects. Aesthetic
effects include any changes caused by air pollution E) can result in an economic loss
that result in the loss of visually pleasing scenery.
Economic losses include the loss of vegetation and
livestock due to massive exposure to the gaseous
air pollution. These particles can kill or sicken
commercial crops and livestock. Other losses may
occur as people’s possessions are damaged as a
result of the pollution, which can cause the build-up
of dirt or dust particles. An additional effect of air
pollution is personal discomfort and health hazards.
Eye irritation, asthma, bronchitis, and sinusitis are a
few of the health risks caused by air pollution.
However, these are some minor risks of air pollution
that are usually curable.

72. According to the passage why are the effects of 74. Which of the following is true according to the
air pollution categorised? passage?

A) To cope with its economic consequences A) Most people pay more attention to aesthetic
effects of air pollution than is health effects.
B) To increase awareness about its harmful
effects B) Eye imitation and asthma resulting from air
pollution can often be cured.
C) To carry out analyses of the pollutants more
effectively C) Loss of vegetation can occur because of large
groups of livestock.
D) To prevent the risks of air pollution
D) Governments are taking precautions to avoid
E) To list the changes among the categories gaseous air pollution.
E) Economic and aesthetic effects of air pollution
are closely related.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

76. The author gives the protein example in order

75. - 77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre to ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) show that protein is the main element in a
All forms of life on Earth require water to function. living organism
Life has been found in all kinds of extreme B) explain how important water is for protein
environments, operating at the limits of heat and molecules to function
cold and even without air. But every type of life we
have discovered contains biological cells that C) emphasise the fact that protein can survive in
require water in their operating environment. Cells extreme environments
simply could not function without it. It is not just a
D) compare the functions of tiny complex
matter of keeping them inflated and moving
molecules
chemicals around – living, cells are full of tiny
complex mechanism. Many of these mechanism rely E) indicate that there are some molecules which
on different sections of molecules either working do not need air to function
well with water, or not mixing with it. Proteins, for
example, are the key worker molecules in living
organism. Proteins have to fold into particular
shapes to carry out their roles, and it is the
interaction between water and various parts of a
protein molecule that tells it how to fold. Water is not
just a solvent, a substance that dissolves other
substances, but it also plays an important role in the
functioning of our cells.

75. According to the passage, ----.

77. It is clear from the passage that ----.
A) life can be found even in environments where
there is no air A) both water and heat are essential elements for
a cell
B) it is difficult to find life in extreme
environments B) water plays a fundamental role in the
functioning of living cells
C) certain types of life do not need water to
operate C) how a protein folds depends on the amount of
water available
D) biological cells cannot operate at high
temperatures D) every cell complex mechanisms that can
survive without water
E) air keeps cells inflated and moves chemicals
around. E) biological cells contain a high percentage of
water in order to survive
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 3 Kasım 2019

79. It is clearly stated in the passage that ----.

78. - 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) unfavourable environment factors and a low
number of offspring are threats for the red
The red handfish, found off the southeast cost of handfish
Tasmania, Australia, uses its ‘hands’ which are B) with the new discovery of the second
modified fins, to crawl across the bottom of the population, the red handfish is not
seafloor. It does not travel very far or fast, which endangered now
restricts populations to small areas. Classed as
critically endangered, it faces threats from habitat C) the divers will start a habitat programme for
degradation and low reproductive rates. Often called the newly discovered population of the red
the world’s rarest fish, scientists only knew of one handfish
population, numbering between 20 and 40 fish, until
D) there were more than two populations of the
divers discovered a second population earlier 2018.
red handfish in the past
“Finding this second population is a big relief as it
essentially doubles the number of individuals we E) the red handfish may travel to the north coast
thought were left on Earth, but the danger is still on,” of Australia during the year
says diver Antonia Cooper. “It provides hope that
other small populations may still exist and allows
scientists to start discussing conservation options
such as habitat protection and the viability of a captive
breeding programme.”

78. Why is the red handfish called ’the world’s 80. What is the passage mainly about?
rarest fish’?
A) How the red handfish uses its ‘hands’.
A) This type of fish has the unique colour of red
which can hardly be found in the ocean. B) The reasons why the red handfish population
has decreased.
B) The ‘hands’ of the red handfish might
disappear as the habitat degrades. C) An exciting new discovery about the red
handfish.
C) The modified fins of the red handfish travel
slowly in small areas. D) Why the red handfish lives off the southeast
coast of Tasmania.
D) This type of fish only exists around the bottom
of the seafloor. E) How to protect endangered marine species.
E) Only a handful of red handfish were known
until recently.

TEST BİTTİ.
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

2019/2 YÖKDİL FEN CEVAP ANAHTARI

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 A 21 B 41 B 61 B
2 D 22 D 42 C 62 B
3 A 23 E 43 A 63 C
4 C 24 A 44 E 64 D
5 D 25 C 45 C 65 C
6 B 26 B 46 A 66 B
7 A 27 D 47 A 67 D
8 E 28 B 48 A 68 D
9 A 29 A 49 B 69 C
10 D 30 E 50 C 70 E
11 C 31 B 51 E 71 A
12 B 32 B 52 B 72 C
13 A 33 D 53 C 73 B
14 B 34 A 54 B 74 B
15 B 35 D 55 D 75 A
16 C 36 A 56 A 76 B
17 D 37 A 57 D 77 B
18 C 38 B 58 B 78 E
19 D 39 B 59 D 79 A
20 A 40 A 60 A 80 C
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK TEST OF ENGLISH 3 Kasım 2019

This test consists of 80 questions.

6. Some anti-migraine drugs are known to ----

1. - 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere breast milk and this may cause serious
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. problems in nursing babies.
A) pass into B) show off
1. Seven out of ten children consume too much
salt, and according to health experts, this C) put out D) make up
will have critical------for a child’s
E) take off
cardiovascular health later in life.
A) obligations B) separations
C) attempts D) substitutes
E) consequences 7. - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

2. A vegetative state can be caused by a 7. Findings of a recent study ----- that green tea
traumatic or non-traumatic brain injury, and and carrots ----- a part in fighting Alzheimer’s
if non-trauma patients do not make progress disease, though there is need for more
in the first few months, they are usually research.
considered beyond hope of ----.
A) had suggested / would play
A) challenge B) elimination
B) have suggested / should have played
C) examination D) recovery
C) suggest / could play
E) observation
D) suggested / used to play
E) are suggesting / will have played
3. Although the risks of ----- complications from
general anaesthesia are very low, they can
include heart attack and even brain damage.
A) severe B) beneficial 8. The essential oil ----- from the lavender flower
C) precise D) intentional is used in aromatherapy ----- anxiety,
insomnia, nervousness, and restlessness.
E) accessible
A) deriving / to have treated
B) derived / to treat
4. The body has to----- regenerate the cells that
make up the nails, and it needs a regular, C) to have derived / treated
healthy supply of certain nutrients to do so. D) to be derived / treat
A) approximately B) constantly E) to be deriving / treating
C) briefly D) mutually
E) familiarly

9. Excessive bleeding is the most common

5. Researchers have found that practising yoga cause of anaemia, and the speed ------which
for just 25 minutes a day can be good for blood loss occurs has a significant effect ----
you, ----- brain function due to the release of the severity of symptoms.
endorphins and increased blood flow. A) to / over B) with / on
A) disturbing B) allowing C) for / in D) from / around
C) boosting D) resisting E) about / at
E) measuring
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

10. Patients recovering ----- amputations often 16. Tiny hairs in our inner ears, called cochlear
report that ----- healing, they feel pain or hair cells, are vital to our natural perception
itching from the lost limb. of sound, and we lose them, we do not
grow them back.
A) to / in B) at / on
A) by the time B) as if
C) from / during D) for / with
C) even if D) once
E) of / about
E) unless

11. Water sources ----- factories may contain

numerous bacteria and parasites that can
cause illness ----- contact or consumption.
17. The idea that people with dark skin do not
A) in / for B) of / at burn is a misconception, as UV rays have the
same damaging effects on them as others,
C) from / against D) around / with so ----- how fair or dark you are, you should
E) along / about use sunscreen when outdoors.
A) in the hope of B) regardless of
12. excess sodium increases blood pressure, C) thanks to D) as a consequence of
potassium decreases tension in blood vessel
E) by means of
walls and helps keep blood pressure in
check.
A) As if B) While
C) Whether D) Therefore 18. the variety of ways celiac disease can
manifest itself, it is often not discovered
E) By the time easily.
A) Due to B) In terms of
13. Exercise is recommended by many C) On behalf of D) With the help of
therapists and physicians------ it can provide
relief and improve mobility. E) Similar to
A) although B) because
C) even if D) unless
E) until 19. The presence of cataracts can mask
additional eye problems, such as retinal
damage, that ---- doctors ----- patients are
14. most autoimmune diseases individually aware of prior to surgery.
are rare, collectively they are among the
A) whether / or B) the more / the more
most common diseases.
C) so / that D) neither / nor
A) Once B) Whereas
E) as / as
C) Because D) Provided that
E) As long as

20. Treatments exists to either control the pain

15. the bones that make up the skeleton are or eliminate the cause, but surgery is a
solid, they have a flexible structure and to a radical procedure ----- indications are
large degree consist of spongy tissues. inconsistent and dependent on the
A) Although B) Whether subjectivity of the physician.

C) Since D) Once A) what B) that

E) If C) whose D) whom
E) which
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

21. - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıda ki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Infectious disease control brings up difficult ethical Mental and social health are just as important as
questions because the promotion of the greater good physical health for elderly women. (26) ---- longer life
of public health may conflict with other legitimate expectancies for women than men, and the tendency
social aims. (21) ---- an epidemic, for example, the for many women to marry men who are older, most
measures needed to protect public health can require women can expect to spend some of their later years
limiting basic human rights and liberties. Depending as singles. (27) --- , ‘single’ should not mean ‘alone’.
on the disease and other factors, quarantine may Actually, there are a number of options for women
sometimes be the best means (22)----- protecting (28)----- their 70s to prevent this isolation. For
population health. (23) --- , quarantine requires example, they may (29)----- new hobbies, such as
interference with the freedom of movement. The joining clubs and taking classes, or they can work
ethical questions is then whether respecting the part-time. In addition, recent studies (30) ----- that
individuals’ right (24) -----freely. This same kind of women who become socially isolated are three times
question (25) ---- in relation to numerous other more likely to die from cancer.
strategies for the control of infectious disease.

26.
21.
A) Regardless of B) In contrast with
A) Contrary to B) Apart from
C) Compared to D) Because of
C) In the event of D) Instead of
E) In addition to
E) Similar to

27.
22.
A) Similarly B) Yet
A) for B) into
C) Thus D) Otherwise
C) from D) at
E) For example
E) against

28.
23.
A) for B) along
A) Likewise B) Instead
C) from D) on
C) However D) Otherwise
E) in
E) Therefore

29.
24.
A) put off B) cope with
A) to move B) being moved
C) take up D) bring about
C) to have moved D) having moved
E) turn down
E) to have been moved

30.
25.
A) will show B) would show
A) avoid B) diminishes
C) were showing D) had shown
C) fails D) suffers
E) have shown
E) arises
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

34. Thanks to a new effective treatment, called

31. - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun immunotherapy, ----.
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) patients fight cancer with their own powerful
31. Although hereditary changes in DNA often immune systems
lead to aggressive tumours including some B) doctors confirm that early diagnosis is crucial
childhood cancers, ----. for most types of cancer
A) the genetic changes that eventually trigger C) most cancer patients cannot find enough
cancerous growth fall into two main groups resources to at least try drugs
B) many patients learn that their cancers have D) it is nothing like the benefits of chemotherapy
mutations for which no drug exists in terms of its effectiveness
C) genetic analysis of tumours has become E) cancer types like melanoma and leukaemia
standard practise for many malignancies cannot benefit from it
D) these kinds of genetic mutations are
relatively uncommon 35. A nurse must make every effort necessary to
detect a patient’s pain ----.
E) researchers refer to the abnormal changes
as ‘driver mutations’ A) just as pain is exhausting due to the significant
amount of energy needed to deal with it
B) but the previous diagnosis made based on
the patient’s history may prove incorrect
C) so that some factors can contribute to the
intensity of the pain more than others
D) although pain assessment should be
32. While traditional X-rays are usually sufficient performed for every hospitalised patient
for picking up fractures, ----.
E) even if patient fails to report it in a
A) they are increasingly being used for medical comprehensible way during examination
applications
B) they create images of muscles as well as 36. Even though there are eight recognised types
bones of measles, ----.
C) they pass through soft structures and are
A) the same vaccine can be used as protection
absorbed by bones
against all of them
D) they reveal very little about the surrounding
B) those who have not been immunised can
structures
suffer more severe symptoms
E) they hit each particle in the section of the
C) many viruses live in animals and can easily
body that is being scanned
be transmitted to humans
D) campaigns against vaccination proved
misleading as they led to a surge in measles
cases
E) there is a very high chance of catching any of
them during a travel to a third-world country
33. In order for a farmer to use a drug that
stimulates viruses in animals, ----. 37. People experience and express pain
differently; ----.
A) a veterinarian cannot provide certification
from the government to visit farms A) therefore, a doctor can distinguish real pain
from imagined pain to treat patients
B) a veterinarian should provide a prescription
and extensive documentation B) similarly, much progress has been made in
pain measurement
C) the use of antibiotics seems to be critical for
humans and animals C) otherwise, a doctor can analyse certain parts
of the face that are revealing pain
D) the government also has agreement from the
farm industry in many countries D) nonetheless, a doctor’s prescription can
potentially become an addictive painkiller
E) the number of incidents caused by wrong
diagnosis has to be reduced E) thus, a doctor cannot precisely estimate the
severity of a patient’s pain
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

38. As we get older, we become more sensitive to

salt ----. 42. - 53. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
A) even if we experience some problems after cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
eating sodium-rich meals bulunuz.
B) because the ageing body simply is not as
efficient at removing sodium out of the body 42. Moderate exercise done before going to bed
helps us spend more time in a deep sleep
C) since all salts contain the same amount of phase, but a high-intensity activity impairs
sodium by weight sleep quality.
D) whereas a diet high in salt is linked to high
blood pressure A) Yatmadan önce yapılan hafif egzersiz, derin
bir uyku evresinde daha fazla zaman
E) even though excess sodium increases blood geçirmemizi sağlarken ağır bir aktivite uyku
pressure kalitesine zarar verir.
B) Yatmadan önce yapılan hafif egzersiz, derin
39. , but recent research has suggested that bir uyku evresinde daha fazla zaman
the microbes in our guts could also explain geçirmemizi sağlar, ancak uyku kalitesi ağır
why people react differently to drugs. bir aktiviteyle zarar görebilir.
C) Yatmadan önce yapılan hafif egzersiz derin
A) So many factors are known to be involved in
bir uyku evresinde daha fazla zaman
the diversity of bacteria in our guts
geçirmemizi sağlar, ancak ağır bir aktivite
B) We know that genetic differences can uyku kalitesine zarar verir.
influence our response to drugs
D) Yatmadan önce hafif egzersiz yaparak derin
C) It is believed that microbes are key to how bir uyku evresinde daha fazla zaman
we metabolise drugs geçirebiliriz, ancak ağır bir aktivite uyku
D) It is very hard to distinguish the microbe kalitesine zarar verebilir.
contribution from the human contribution E) Yatmadan önce yapacağımız hafif egzersiz
E) Microbes break down drugs and produce sayesinde derin bir uyku evresinde daha
substances with unwanted side effects fazla zaman geçirebiliriz, ancak ağır bir
aktivite uyku kalitesine zarar verebilir.

40. , it also makes use of other methods such

as herbal remedies, dietary therapy and
lifestyle changes. 43. A number of imaging studies suggest that
brain’s frontal areas can dampen the activity
A) Because the original text of Chinese of the hippocampus, a crucial structure for
medicine is the Nei Ching memory.
B) Although acupuncture is the most widely
A) Birçok görüntüleme çalışması, hafıza için
used technique in Chinese medicine
çok önemli bir yapı olan beynin frontal
C) Since acupuncture lessens the unpredicted bölgelerinin, hipokampüsün faaliyetini
effects of puncture wounds zayıflatabildiğini göstermektedir.
D) As nearly all forms of Oriental medicine have B) Birçok görüntüleme çalışmasına göre,
their roots in Chinese medicine beynin frontal bölgeleri, hafıza için çok
E) While the oldest known text on acupuncture önemli bir yapı olan hipokampüsün etkinliğini
dates back to 282 AD zayıflatmaktadır.
C) Hafıza için çok önemli bir yapı olan
hipokampüs, birçok görüntüleme
41. The specific causes of autism spectrum çalışmasına göre, beynin frontal bölgeleri
disorder in children are not fully understood, tarafından zayıflatılmaktadır.
----.
D) Beynin frontal bölgelerinin, hafıza için çok
A) but they use language abnormally önemli bir yapı olan hipokampüsün etkinliğini
zayıflatabildiği, birçok görüntüleme
B) as they may not be detected until school age
çalışmasıyla bulunmuştur.
C) although they are clearly biologically
determined E) Birçok görüntüleme çalışması beynin frontal
bölgelerinin, hafıza için çok önemli bir yapı
D) yet children have difficulty communicating olan hipokampüsün faaliyetini
E) so they can have physical disorders as well zayıflatabildiğini göstermektedir.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

44. Research has shown that 15 minutes of 46. Paracetamol is one of the most widely used
aerobic exercise triggers some changes drugs in the world, but it is not entirely
within the brain and these changes reduce harmless because acute overdoses can cause
nicotine craving in smokers. fatal liver damage.
A) Araştırmalar, 15 dakikalık aerobik egzersizinin A) Parasetamol, dünyada en yaygın kullanılan
beyinde birtakım değişiklikleri tetiklediğini ve ilaçlardan biridir ama tamamen zararsız
bu değişikliklerin sigara içen kişilerin nikotin değildir, çünkü akut doz aşımı ölümcül
isteğini azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. karaciğer hasarına sebep olabilir.
B) Araştırmalara göre, 15 dakikalık aerobik B) Parasetamolün dünyada en yaygın kullanılan
egzersizi, beyinde birtakım değişiklikleri ilaçlardan biri olması onun tamamen zararsız
tetiklemekte ve bu değişiklikler sigara içen olduğu anlamına gelmediği gibi, akut doz
kişilerin nikotin isteğini azaltmaktadır. aşımı da ölümcül karaciğer hasarına yol
C) Araştırmalar, 15 dakikalık aerobik açabilir.
egzersizinin sigara içen kişilerin beyninde C) Dünyada en yaygın kullanılan ilaçlardan biri
nikotin isteğini azaltacak birtakım olan parasetamolün akut doz aşımı, ölümcül
değişiklikleri tetiklediğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. karaciğer hasarına sebep olabilir ve bu
D) Araştırmalar, 15 dakikalık aerobik yüzden bu ilaç tamamen zararsız değildir.
egzersizinin beyinde tetiklediği birtakım D) Dünyada en çok kullanılan ilaçlardan olan
değişikliklerle sigara içenlerin nikotin parasetamol tamamen zararsız değildir ve
isteğini azaltabileceğini göstermiştir. akut doz aşımında ölümcül karaciğer hasarı
E) Araştırmalar, beyinde birtakım değişiklikleri ortaya çıkabilir.
tetikleyen 15 dakikalık aerobik egzersizinin E) Parasetamol dünyada en yaygın kullanılan
sigara içen kişilerin nikotin isteğini ilaçlardan biri olsa da tamamen zararsız
azalttığını göstermiştir. değildir, çünkü akut doz aşımı ölümcül
karaciğer hasarıyla sonuçlanabilir.

45. Some people, no matter what they do, cannot

fall asleep until late hours and do not feel
rested unless they get up later than most of
us. 47. While a physical injury might cause pain that
leads to psychological problems, loneliness
A) Bazı insanlar, ellerinden geleni yaptıkları and depression can weaken the immune
hâlde geç saatlere kadar uykuya dalamazlar system.
ve çoğumuzdan daha geç kalkmayınca
dinlenmiş hissedemezler. A) Yalnızlık ve depresyon fiziksel bir yaranın
B) Her şeyi yapmalarına rağmen geç saatlere sebep olduğu acıyla beraber psikolojik
kadar uykuya dalamadıklarından, bazı problemlere de neden olabilir.
insanlar çoğumuzdan daha geç kalkmadan B) Fiziksel bir yara psikolojik problemlere yol
dinlenmiş hissedemezler. açan bir acıya sebep olabilirken yalnızlık ve
C) Bazı insanlar, ne yaparlarsa yapsınlar, geç depresyon bağışıklık sistemini zayıflatabilir.
saatlere kadar uykuya dalamazlar ve C) Fiziksel bir yara psikolojik problemlerden
çoğumuzdan daha geç kalkmazlarsa kaynaklanan bir acıyı ortaya çıkarabileceği
dinlenmiş hissetmezler. için yalnızlık ve depresyon bağışıklık
D) Geç saatlere kadar uykuya dalamayan bazı sistemini zayıflatır.
insanlar, ne yaparlarsa yapsınlar, çoğu D) Yalnızlık ve depresyonun bağışıklık
insandan daha geç kalkmadan dinlenmiş sistemine zarar verebileceği gibi, fiziksel bir
hissetmezler. yara da psikolojik problemleri doğuran bir
E) Ne yaparlarsa yapsınlar, bazı insanların acıya sebep olabilir.
uykuya dalmaları geç saatlere kadar E) Yalnızlık ve depresyonun bağışıklık
mümkün olmaz ve çoğumuzdan daha geç sistemine zarar vermesi, fiziksel bir yaradan
kalkmadıklarında dinlenmiş hissetmezler. kaynaklanan bir acının psikolojik problemler
yaratması gibidir.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

48. Genellikle kalp hastalığı olan insanlara aspirin 50. Nar antioksidan bakımından zengin bir meyve
verilir, çünkü aspirin kanın pıhtılaşma sürecini olduğu için günde bir bardak nar suyu içmek
bozarak kan akışını kolaylaştırır. prostat kanserinin ilerlemesini yavaşlatabilir.
A) Aspirin, which is often prescribed to people A) The progress of prostate cancer can be
with heart disease, eases blood flow, as it slowed down by drinking a glass of
impairs the blood’s clotting action. pomegranate juice a day, as the fruit is rich
B) Aspirin is often prescribed to people with in antioxidants.
heart disease because it impairs the blood’s B) Consuming a glass of pomegranate juice a
clotting action so that blood can flow easily. day is beneficial in slowing down the
C) Aspirin is often prescribed to people with progress of prostate cancer because that
heart disease since it impairs the blood’s fruit is rich in antioxidants.
clotting action and thus eases blood flow. C) Pomegranate is a fruit rich in antioxidants, so
D) Aspirin is often prescribed to people with drinking a glass of pomegranate juice every
heart disease, as it eases blood flow by day may prevent prostate cancer.
impairing the blood’s clotting action. D) As pomegranate is a fruit that is rich in
E) Aspirin eases blood flow by impairing the antioxidants, drinking a glass of
blood’s clotting action, so it is often pomegranate juice a day can slow down the
prescribed to people with heart disease. progress of prostate cancer.
E) One should consume a glass of
pomegranate juice a day if they want to slow
down the progress of prostate cancer since
pomegranate is a fruit rich in antioxidants.

49. Huntington hastalığının yavaşlatılabilmesi

amacıyla huntingtin proteininin üretimini
durduran yeni bir ilaç geliştirildi.
51. Alerjiler sadece uyku düzenini ve verimliliği
A) Huntington’s disease could be slowed thanks etkilemekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda solunum
to a novel drug designed to stop the yolu enfeksiyonu riskini de artırabilir.
production of the huntingtin protein.
A) Allergies can not only affect sleep patterns
B) A novel drug that stops the production of the and productivity, but also increase the risk of
huntingtin protein has been designed in respiratory infections.
order that Huntington’s disease could be
slowed. B) Affecting sleep patterns and productivity and
increasing the risk of respiratory infections
C) The production of huntingtin protein, which are among the effects of allergies.
causes Huntington’s disease, can be
stopped by a novel drug that has been C) Allergies may affect sleep patterns and
deigned to treat the disease. productivity, but they certainly increase the
risk of respiratory infections.
D) So as to treat Huntington’s disease, a novel
drug has been designed to prevent the D) There are many consequences of having
production of the huntingtin protein. allergies, some of which are related to sleep
patterns, productivity and the risk of
E) A novel drug that has been designed to stop respiratory infections.
the production of the huntingtin protein could
slow Huntington’s disease. E) Allergies can cause respiratory infections,
affect sleep patterns negatively and
decrease productivity.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

52. Araştırmacılar genel olarak sosyal destek ve

sağlık arasında bir bağlantının olduğunu 54. - 59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
kabul eder; başka bir deyişle, yüksek anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için
seviyede sosyal destek alan kişiler getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
almayanlardan daha sağlıklıdır.
A) According to researchers, people receiving 54. Improving a child’s formal education involves
high level of social support are healthier than massive interventions. According to studies,
others, as there is a link between social family life affects the child’s scholarly
support and health. standing, for children who watch TV 4 or 5
hours daily score poorly on standardised
B) Researchers generally agree that a link between tests ----- Such conditions may be changed
social support and health might explain why only through altering the treatment children
people who receive high levels of social support receive from their parents. Education of
are healthier than those who do not. parents in the proper care and nurturing of
C) Researchers generally agree that a link the child is required in order to prepare the
exists between social support and health; in child for best school performance.
other words, people who receive high levels
A) Many parents are concerned that their
of social support are healthier than those
children are alone at home after school while
who do not.
they are at work.
D) Researchers generally agree that people who
B) Some studies show income and happiness
receive high levels of social support are
are directly related to the quality of education.
healthier than those who do not, and there
exists a link between social support and health. C) Other limiting factors include absences from
school, and parents who do not read to their
E) Researchers who generally think that there is a
children.
link between social support and health agree
that people who receive high levels of social D) In most countries, the father’s occupational
support are healthier than those who do not. status has a great impact on student
achievement.
53. Bitkisel hayat, bitkisel hayattaki kişinin E) When parents’ occupational status and
gözlerinin açık olduğu dönemler ve gözlerinin educational status are combined, the
kapalı olduğu dönemler olmasının dışında, influence is about equal in most countries.
işlev açısından komadan çok farklılık
göstermez.
55. The idea of getting enough sleep to get well
A) In terms of function, vegetative state does or remain healthy seems to have been very
not differ much from coma, although a popular among people for centuries. ----
person in a vegetative state might have Unfortunately, estimating a precise sleep
periods of time when the eyes are open and need with regard to general health or in
periods when the eyes are closed. relation to an absolute minimum necessary
B) Vegetative state and coma might not be for survival is difficult. Also, the exact amount
much different from each other when of sleep loss over a period of time required
function is considered, apart from the fact for identifiable pathology awaits further
that a person in vegetative state has periods investigation.
of time when the eyes are open and periods A) In popular culture, lack of adequate sleep is
when the eyes are closed. often blamed for increasing one’s
C) Vegetative state does not differ much from susceptibility to illness.
coma in terms of function, except that a
B) Usually sleep need is conceptualised as an
person in vegetative state has periods of
amount of sleep required nightly on a regular
time when the eyes are open and periods
basis.
when the eyes are closed.
C) In extreme circumstances of sleep
D) Coma does not differ much from vegetative
insufficiency, any sleep is better than no
state with regard to function, only if a person
sleep.
in vegetative state might have periods of
time when the eyes are closed. D) It is difficult to say how much sleep people
E) Coma cannot be differentiated much from require over the previous 24 hours to
vegetative state when function is considered; perform a task safely.
nevertheless, a person in vegetative state E) There is a general estimate that performance
has periods of time when the eyes are open declines about 25 percent for every 24 hours
and periods when the eyes are closed. without sleep.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

56. For a century, antibiotics have saved us from 58. Pain perceived as coming from the face and
diseases that once killed human populations, head is referred to as headache, a common
such as whooping cough, cholera, and experience with about 45 million adults in the
pneumonia ------Our old enemies that we United States having frequent headaches. ----
thought we had defeated are stronger than Among them are tension headaches, migraine
ever. Drugs that once conquered these deadly headaches, cluster headaches, sinus
bacteria are now worthless. And antibiotics headaches, and rebound headaches. Very
that are effective today could become useless rarely a headache may signal an infection
in the future. such as meningitis or a tumour in the brain.
A) But today, antibiotic-resistant bacteria are on A) Tension headaches are the most common
the rise. type of headache.
B) Yet, more drugs that can resist the bacteria B) Medications are the usual approach for
are being developed. recurring headaches.
C) Also, antibiotics are becoming increasingly C) There are numerous types of headache
powerful. resulting from various causes.
D) In contrast, fewer people believe in the D) About 28 million Americans experience
effectiveness of antibiotics. chronic migraine headaches.
E) Meanwhile, more and more children suffer E) The nerves in the head, neck, and face
from the side effects of antibiotics. transmit the pain signals familiar as
headache.

59. Folk medicine has existed for as long as

human beings have existed. Our ancestors
57. Approximately 5-10% of all cancers are began to develop ways of lessening pain and
classified as hereditary, that is, genetic. ---- treating physical and mental problems.
This poses a greater risk for that particular Initially, many of the ways of treating these
type of cancer in certain descendants of the problems undoubtedly came through trial and
family. However, having a cancer-causing error, using various plants and other
gene does not necessarily mean that one will methods ------ In fact, some of these became
automatically get cancer. Rather, it means responsible for carrying out healing
that the person is more likely to get this ceremonies, religious rituals, and other rites
cancer when compared to the general designed to ensure the safety and health of
population. their communities.

A) Certain hormones have been shown to have A) Those treatments are not commonly
an effect on the growth of a particular cell believed to fit within the framework of
line. modern medical practice.
B) There is scientific evidence that B) Understandably, folk illnesses are shaped by
environmental factors play a role in most the cultural and ethnic groups from which
cancers. they emerge.
C) This means that a faulty gene that leads to a C) It is important to understand that some folk
cancer is passed from parent to child. illnesses have common symptoms that are
treated by Western medical practitioners.
D) A malignant tumour invades surrounding
tissue and can spread to other parts of the D) Over time, individuals within family and tribal
body. groups became more skilled at helping the
sick and injured.
E) If cancer cells spread to the surrounding
tissues, the tumour is likely to recur. E) In addition, there have also evolved healing
practices that are not appreciated by modern
doctors.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

63. (I) Tooth brushing is of great importance for dental

60. - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla health in young children. (II) Dental fluorosis is a
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü hypomineralisation of tooth enamel during the
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. period when unerupted teeth are developing. (III)
Normal mineralisation of permanent teeth occurs
60. (I) If you consume too much sugar, it could be from about the time of birth until about six years of
disrupting your sleep even if you do not realise it. age. (IV) After that time, teeth are mineralised to
(II) A study by Columbia University found that such an extent that they cannot be affected by
participants with diets high in sugar experienced fluorosis. (V) Nor is it possible after that time to
much poorer sleep, shifting from deep sleep to diminish any existing fluorosis.
light sleep or waking up completely, than those
who ate fewer sweets. (III) Therefore, it is important A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
for people to keep an eye on their sugar intake
during the day. (IV) Thus, if you are faced with a
snack attack before bed, prefer a low-sugar treat
like lightly salted popcorn. (V) As popcorn is a
delicious snack, its popularity has increased in
recent years.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 64. (I) The most significant health risks the nervous
system faces occur long before birth. (II) The
most vulnerable period in nervous system
development takes place before most women
have missed a menstrual period or suspect they
are pregnant. (III) Within the first three weeks
after conception, the rudimentary nervous
system, the neural tube, forms and rapidly
61. (I) At the start of the 20th century many illnesses
differentiates into the brain and spinal cord. (IV)
went unidentified, the human body was largely
Numerous factors, environmental and genetic,
unmapped, and medical treatments remained
can disrupt this process to cause structural
limited. (II) However, the mapping of our
defects of the brain or the spinal cord. (V) Folic
genomes and the development of CAT and MRI
acid, prescribed in the first trimester of
scans have given us unparalleled medical insight.
pregnancy, supports the development of the
(III) Antibiotics have revolutionised the battle
fetus.
against bacteria, antiviral drugs control deadly
viruses, and widespread inoculations have all but A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
eliminated smallpox, diphtheria, and polio. (IV)
Cancer and heart disease continue to be among
the world’s biggest killers and cause many to die
even at early stages of their lives. (V) As a result,
life expectancy has risen from under 50 to over
80 in some countries.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
65. (I) If you have ever heard someone claim they
have cured their hay fever by spending time
outdoors or that a daily serving of honey, which
contains pollen grains, has built up their immunity,
do not fall for it. (II) Health experts think that there
is not strong evidence for such an approach. (III)
Similarly, forcing yourself to eat peanuts if you are
62. (I) Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of allergic to them is a bad idea, as is living with a pet
death in the US, Canada, UK, Ireland and in the hope that one day you will get along fine. (IV)
Europe. (II) It accounts for more than 40% of total Immunotherapy seems to work well for cat
deaths in these countries. (III) Some patients with allergies, but is less effective for other types of
heart disease may require heart transplantation. allergies. (V) However, the idea is grounded in
(IV) Many of these deaths are due to heart sensible science which has proven that clinical
failure. (V) For example, heart failure affects injections of small, increasing doses of an allergen
approximately five million Americans with more can make the immune system less reactive to some
than half a million new cases diagnosed annually. allergies.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

67. According to the passage the scientist’s

66. - 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre discovered that ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) acupuncture may help people suffering from
In 2010, a team of neurologists studied what various painful diseases
happens in the bodies of mice when they have B) acupuncture makes humans and mice
needles inserted into their skin and rotated, just like produce more adenosine than usual
what happens in acupuncture treatment. They
revealed an increase of the quantity of adenosine in C) the pain signals are blocked in human brain
the tissue around the needle. Adenosine functions as quickly as in mice
as a neurotransmitter which helps cells repair the D) while mice produce more adenosine with
tissue after damage. However, it also has a marked acupuncture, humans often do not
effect on the nerve cells that send pain signals to E) if patients are subjected to acupuncture,
the brain. The scientists discovered that adenosine they would definitely feel less pain
blocks pain signals in the mouse, so the brain’s
centre of pain is not activated just as much as
previously. In order to make sure that the effect was
not a type of placebo effect, the scientists produced
genetically modified mice, whose nerve cells did not
react to adenosine. They were subjected to the
same acupuncture treatment as the ordinary mice,
but they experienced no pain relief. Thus, the
scientists found that the effect on the mice was not
placebo. Since then, they have also demonstrated
that acupuncture causes a local increase in the
quantity of adenosine around the needle in humans,
as well. But it still remains unknown if this increase
in adenosine has the same pain-relieving effect as
mice.

66. According to the passage the study 68. The passage mainly focuses on ----.
demonstrates that ----. A) an experiment that demonstrates
A) adenosine might prevent pain signals from acupuncture can trigger the release of
reaching the brain adenosine, which affects nerve cells
B) the relief from the pain with adenosine is B) a scientific test that investigates methods of
nothing but a placebo effect increasing adenosine levels for pain relief in
humans
C) some nerve cells are not affected by
adenosine while sending signals C) a study of neurologists that reveals the
pain-relieving influence of acupuncture in
D) signals are transmitted from the body to the humans
brain with adenosine
D) a project that aims to amplify the benefits of
E) it is possible to deactivate the brain’s centre adenosine in lessening the pain of
of pain by blocking adenosine acupuncture needles
E) research that investigates the chances to
use acupuncture treatment instead of
painkillers for animals
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

70. It can be inferred from the passage that mice

69. - 71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre with Bifidobacteria in the study ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) became more vulnerable to brain disorders
A lack of ‘good bacteria’ in the gut during childhood compared to other animals
could change the way the brain develops if they B) were more likely to have health connections
affect people the same as they do mice, which we in the brain
will learn with further studies. Changes in gut
bacteria have been implicated in several types of C) had a higher possibility to change the form of
mental illness, but it is unclear whether these bacteria in the brain
changes are cause or effect. Now a lack of certain D) have frequently been used in many
gut bacteria has been found to cause faulty patterns experiments
of connections between brain cells in mice. The E) showed more resistance to disease resulting
microbes are a group called Bifidobacteria, among in brain failure
the most common in babies and children. In his
study, James Versalovic at Baylor College of
Medicine in Texas bred mice with no gut bacteria,
then put Bifidobacteria into one group while leaving
the others as it is. By adulthood, the brains of mice
lacking gut bacteria had an unusually large number
of defective patterns of connections.

69. It is clear from the passage that Bifidobacteria 71. It can be understood from the passage that
---. the impact of a lack of gut bacteria on the
human brain ----.
A) can lead to fewer connections in the brain
A) is the root cause of many terminal illnesses
B) are evidently regarded as deadly microbes
B) affects adults more adversely than children
C) can be found in humans at early ages
C) is considered a scientific breakthrough
D) are injected to humans to cure mental
illnesses D) is yet to be proven through research
E) can lead to longer life span in mice E) has caused previous theories to be ruled
out
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

73. One can understand from the passage that

72. - 74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre women and men ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) are similar in terms of their tendency to
Stress almost seems to have it out for women. In an suffer from depression and anxiety problems
annual survey by the American Psychological B) have been reported to experience more
Association, women have repeatedly reported stressful events at early ages
higher levels of tension than men and sometimes
even more stress-related physical and emotional C) encounter higher levels of pressure with
symptoms, including headache, upset stomach, accompanying headaches and upset
fatigue, irritability, and sadness. What’s more, stomach
midlife women have been found to experience more D) generally quarrel due to the higher levels of
stressful events than both men and women of any tension experienced by women
other age, reports an ongoing study by the E) differ with respect to stress-induced physical
University of Wisconsin-Madison’s Institute on and emotional symptoms.
Aging. Stress overload may even lead to chronic
diseases. Long-term pressures at home and work in
addition to stress from traumatic events almost
double the risk of type 2 diabetes in midlife women,
according a recent study at the University of
California, in San Francisco. These women are also
more prone to stress-induced mental health
problems such as depression and anxiety disorders.

72. It is pointed out in the passage that stress ----. 74. It can be inferred from the passage that the
A) is more dangerous when experienced at author ----.
work and home in the long run A) clarifies why stress is a highly influential
B) may lead to several health problems in element for both men and women in
midlife women achieving their goals in life as well as
maintaining their mental and physical health
C) causes fewer mental problems for midlife
women when compared to the younger B) aims to criticise insufficient scientific
research on the differences between men
D) may sometimes cause serious and women regarding their stress levels
misunderstandings between men and
women C) informs readers about the fact that stress is
experienced differently across gender and
E) is likely to double in the event of traumatic for women at different ages
experiences
D) explains why and how men and women differ
in terms of perceiving and responding to
stress-loaded events at home and work
E) has a serious concern about the risk of type
2 diabetes in midlife women and thus
attempts to make a list of stress-inducing
contexts and events to avoid them
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

76. It is understood from the passage that ----.

75. - 77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) customised earplugs are not as effective as
ear plugs
The most effective protection against noise B) the effectiveness of an earplug depends on
exposure is to avoid it. As this is not always the material it is made of
practical or possible, health experts recommend
wearing hearing protection for exposure to sound at C) the design of an earplug is more important
90 decibels (dB) for longer than eight hours and for than the material used to produce it
any exposure that exceeds 90 dB. Earplugs are the D) not all regular earplugs will fit all people in
main way to protect your hearing. They fit easily into the same way
the auditory canal and block sound waves from E) most people do not use earplugs even when
travelling to the middle and inner ear. They are they should
available in various materials and in different sizes
and shapes, so finding earplugs that fit properly and
comfortably can take some experimentation.
Customised earplugs are also available, made
specifically to fit an individual’s ears. A common
complaint about earplugs, however, is that they
block so much sound that conversation is difficult.
This weakening of the sound is called attenuation.
Some designs of earplugs contain channels that
allow sounds at certain frequencies to pass through.
This improves the ability to hear and understand
speech. Customised earplugs for musicians can
block selected sounds so the musician can hear the
tones and pitches necessary to play or sing.

75. In which of the following situations would 77. What is the primary purpose of the author?
experts recommend using hearing
protection? A) To promote the use of earplugs in the music
industry
A) Prolonged exposure to sound less than 90 B) To convince people to have customised
dB earplugs
B) Any exposure to sound that is more than 90 C) To raise awareness about the importance of
dB hearing protection
C) Exposure to sound that may affect the inner D) To describe a specific type of earplug
ear
E) To explain how to properly use earplugs
D) More than eight hours of exposure to sound
at any decibel
E) Any amount of exposure to sound at any
decibel
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 3 Kasım 2019

79. According to the passage, environmental

76. - 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre irritants ---.
cevaplayınız.
A) could worsen the symptoms experienced by
Regular moisturising can help to relieve eczema eczema sufferers
symptoms. The overarching goal in using the B) are the most important factor contributing to
moisturiser after showering is to ‘lock in’ the eczema flare-up
moisture to protect the skin barrier. When this is
compromised, irritants can sneak in and water C) come from man-made sources, not from
escapes, resulting in dry, itchy patches of skin. Heat natural ones
is another influential factor because it removes fats D) are mainly responsible for the onset of
and oils from the skin, which are what an eczema eczema cases
care regime is trying to preserve. Very hot water can E) do not cause any chronic problems on
stimulate mast cells, which encourages the release healthy skin
of histamines that trigger the itch-scratch cycle.
Therefore, using lukewarm water for showers and
bath is recommended. Yet another significant factor
that eczema sufferers need to consider is that they
are highly susceptible to environmental irritants
such as smoke, dust, adhesives, formaldehyde from
household disinfectants, isothiazolinones (an
antibacterial in personal-care products) and
overheating. Keeping track of such triggers and how
they affect the symptoms might reduce a patient’s
chances of activating flare-up.

78. It is stated in the passage that heat ----. 80. One can understand from the passage that the
author mainly aims to ----.
A) is dangerous when combined with
disinfectants A) criticise the conventional ways eczema
patients are treated
B) causes irritants on the skin to be deactivated
B) propose skincare solutions to relieve eczema
C) removes the existing fats and oils on the skin
symptoms
D) blocks the release of histamines
C) offer dermatologists alternative methods of
E) formulates the basis for an eczema care treatment for eczema
regime
D) advise eczema patients to avoid the use of
chemical skincare products
E) explain why the heat triggers eczema
symptoms even in healthy skin

TEST BİTTİ.
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

2019/2 YÖKDİL SAĞLIK CEVAP ANAHTARI

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 E 21 C 41 C 61 D
2 D 22 A 42 C 62 C
3 A 23 C 43 E 63 A
4 B 24 A 44 A 64 E
5 C 25 E 45 C 65 D
6 A 26 D 46 A 66 A
7 C 27 B 47 B 67 B
8 B 28 E 48 D 68 A
9 B 29 C 49 B 69 C
10 C 30 E 50 D 70 B
11 D 31 D 51 A 71 D
12 B 32 D 52 C 72 B
13 B 33 B 53 C 73 E
14 B 34 A 54 C 74 C
15 A 35 E 55 B 75 B
16 D 36 A 56 A 76 D
17 B 37 E 57 C 77 C
18 A 38 B 58 C 78 C
19 D 39 B 59 D 79 A
20 C 40 B 60 E 80 B
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL TEST OF ENGLISH 3 Kasım 2019

This test consists of 80 questions.

6. All species of plants and animals tend to

1. - 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere produce more offspring than the environment
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. can support, and this ----- intense competition
for living space, resources, and mates.
1. In the US, the recent trend toward A) results in B) sets out
accountability in education has increased the
legal ----- for becoming and remaining certified C) works out D) puts off
as a teacher.
E) takes on
A) requirements B) incidents
C) facilities D) attitudes
E) implications

7. - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere

2. Being an island, Britain has always had a fresh uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
---- of fish and seafood, both from the sea and
freshwater rivers.
7. The Amish -----from a relatively small founding
A) prospect B) supply population, and each major settlement ----
largely genetically isolated from both other
C) opportunity D) reception
Amish settlements and the surrounding U.S.
E) appeal populations for over 200 years.
A) originate / will remain
3. Tour operators occupy a ------role in tourism B) originated / has remained
industry, given their role as agents that
C) had originated / remained
design, organise, package, market and operate
vacation and other tours. D) were originating / remains
A) significant B) dependent E) have originated / had remained
C) vague D) current
E) descriptive
8. A popular social networking site says if
everything ---- as planned, they ---- a new
4. Although there is some disagreement
privacy-protected messaging service by the
regarding ----- how to define transfer of
end of 2020.
learning, it is clear that it involves seemingly
simple similarity relations. A) has gone / start
A) peculiarly B) importantly B) is going / will be starting
C) precisely D) intentionally C) had gone / will start
E) fiercely D) went / are to start
E) goes / will have started
5. Ancient explorers named the Canary Islands
Canaria from the Latin word canis because of
the large dogs -----the islands.
A) resisting B) treating
C) inhabiting D) replacing
E) inheriting
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

9. The biological basis ----- variations in human 15. Egyptians built irrigation canals to carry water
intelligence is not well understood, but and created a calendar that predicted the
research in neuroscience, psychology, and annual flooding of the Nile ----- they could
other fields has begun to yield insights ---- maximise food production.
what may underpin such differences.
A) in case B) so that
A) through / to B) in / about
C) even if D) while
C) of / by D) for / into
E) as though
E) at / from

16. In some groups the bonds among members

10. The tension in Britain ----- modernism and the are strong and enduring due to harmony
bourgeois theatre that had surfaced before the achieved through close relationships, ------in
First World War was not resolved ----- after the other groups members are loosely linked and
Second. lack a sense of ‘groupness’.
A) between / until B) among / by
A) as if B) whereas
C) from / over D) towards / with
C) since D) just as
E) through / for
E) provided that

11. Venice’s vibrant commerce, ----- its peak during

the early to middle years of the Renaissance, 17. The ancient Egyptians’ fascination with
brought traders from ----- the known world to science and new technology resulted in
the port city. inventions------ the calendar and door lock,
which are still used today.
A) about / on B) through / along
A) in contrast with B) in spite of
C) at / around D) in / beyond
C) such as D) regardless of
E) with / off
E) in terms of
12. Anthropologists may have difficulty in
separating out the field from astronomy, 18. Tokyo is one of the wealthiest, safest,
geology or botany, ----- it is not so obvious how cleanest, and most creative cities in the world
anthropology may be distinguished from the ---- being partly destroyed and rebuilt twice in
many other branches of science. the past hundred years.
A) although B) until A) despite B) due to
C) because D) just as C) rather than D) together with
E) in case E) unlike

13. Philosophy occurs in all cultures and daily life,

19. Although the composer Johann Strauss Jr.
---- only in Western philosophy is there a
immortalised the Danube River in his famous
distinct way of thinking that consists of
waltz entitled On the Beautiful Blue Danube,
hypotheses and generalisations about the
the Danube River is not blue – its waters
natural and human worlds.
appear ---- greenish ----- brown.
A) since B) so that
A) no sooner / than B) the more / the more
C) provided that D) but
C) as / as D) either / or
E) otherwise
E) so / that

14. When a young child says ‘mouses’ instead of

‘mice,’ this is good evidence that the child is 20. In Costa Rica, responsibility for national parks
learning the regular forms of the language and is given to the Ministry of Natural Resources,
knows how to make plurals ----- he or she has Energy and Mines, ----- main goals is mineral
not yet learned the irregular forms. exploitation, not conservation of resources.
A) once B) whether A) how B) whose
C) even if D) just as C) who D) which
E) as if E) that
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

21. - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıda ki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Mali’s largest ethnic group, the Bambara live primarily South Africa is a large country with its fertile agricultural
in the western part of the country. They have settled land. It is rich 26)---- natural resources – gold, diamonds,
(21) ----the Niger River. They speak Bamana, a metallic ores and coal. Industrially, it has for a long time
language used throughout Mali, (22)---- in the areas been the most developed country in the sub-Saharan
of business and trade. The Bambara are farmers who Africa. Its ethnically varied population, including social
Produce large quantities of sorghum and groundnuts, groups such as Africans, Europeans, Asians (27)----
and their main crops is millet. Environmental hardship people of mixed Asian-African descent, grew rapidly in the
(23) drought often makes farming difficult so second half of the 20th century from 13 to 43 million. In the
people may keep livestock to supplement their diet. late 19th century, South Africa was a British colony. The
Often they trust their neighbours, the Fulani white Afrikaners. (28) ---- from Dutch colonisers, broke
herdsmen to look after their domestic animals. This away and declared their independence. (29) ---- they finally
arrangement allows the Bambara (24) ----on farming defeated them in two wars, the British Allowed South
during the short rainy season from June to Africa to run its own Affairs as a self-governing Dominion
September. Men help women with the farming duties in 1910. Numerous segregation laws were passed, which
(25) ----women can leave the fields earlier to prepare reduced ‘Natives (Africans) to a poor underclass of
meals for their families. labourers and servants. These laws, which discriminated
against the Africans, (30) ---- them to live in reserves,
prevented them from owning land outside the reserves
21. and controlled their movement inside the country.

A) along B) about
26.
C) in D) with
A) of B) in
E) from
C) by D) for
E) at
22.
A) decently B) urgently 27.
C) particularly D) preventively A) owing to B) in terms of
E) prematurely C) as well as D) unlike
E) in spite of
23.
A) in the hope of B) on behalf of 28.

C) for the sake of D) despite A) to have descended B) to descend

E) such as C) having descended D) to be descending
E) descend
24.
29.
A) focusing B) to have focused
A) Unless B) If
C) focused D) to focus
C) Whether D) After
E) having focused
E) In case

25.
30.
A) in case B) whether
A) fixed B) forced
C) so that D) although
C) inspired D) promised
E) once
E) improved
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

34. Because social historians believe in the

31. - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun importance of groupings of people, ----.
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) their passions often centre on the activities and
31. , with advances made by cosmology in beliefs of certain leaders
evaluating evidence from carefully observed B) some other branches of history also focus on
phenomena. individuals as causes of change
A) The human understanding of the universe has C) they present their findings in terms of single
dramatically changed over time events rather than social groups
B) Cosmology touches at several points also of D) they spend relatively little time on individual
concern to religion, ethics and philosophy biography
C) The word ‘cosmology’ is itself of fairly recent E) they work to use familiar sources in new ways
origin, first used by philosopher Christian Wolff as much as possible
D) Cosmology is the study of the universe as a
whole, its structure, composition, history, and
future
E) Much of cosmological theory has no immediate
relevance to understanding the environment of
living organisms on earth
35. Although Gae Aulenti is considered Italy’s most
famous female architect, ----.
A) she experiments with relations among
32. , though there is no reliable figure to materials, distances and measurements
determine the size of the population.
B) her well-deserved reputation is due to her
A) The origins of slavery were not precisely outstanding architectural designs for theatre
understood until the end of the eight century and museums
B) In Classical times, the possession of at least C) she has had little influence on practice and
one slave was regarded as a basic human theory in the architecture schools
right D) her museum designs always take into account
C) Slaves in Athens are thought to have viewing objects from different perspectives
outnumbered those in any other Greek E) her best-known project is the design of the
community famous museum Musée d’Orsay
D) Slavery was an integral part of the ancient
Greek life for centuries
E) In Greek history, slaves who had faithfully
served their masters earned their freedom

36. Even though the effects of climate change on

33. , whereas anxiety is created from an image
some rivers will be limited, ----.
of danger that is not present in that actual A) water pollution harms a river’s ecology by
moment. killing off organisms
A) Fear often triggers our defence mechanism in B) today’s methods for controlling rivers are
various ways remarkably different from those employed in
B) Fear is explained by a general activation of our the past
sympathetic nervous system C) unique climatic and geographic conditions
C) Fear is a powerful yet delicate emotion that determine a river’s annual discharge regime
can cause physical paralysis D) rivers contain only a minuscule portion of the
D) Fear is defined as an emotional state triggered total water on earth
by genuine danger that is in front of you E) they will pose serious threats to most of the
E) Fear is considered to be one of the most rivers in the world
primitive emotions of humankind
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

37. In hunter-gatherer societies, many social 40. , the most important questions that
arrangements, such as cross-group marriage, psychologists address have remained constant.
do not eliminate serious conflicts, ----.
A) Even though psychology has changed
A) therefore they are respected by all societies dramatically over its history
B) but they channel them into the ways that B) Given that there has been an increasing influx
prevent killing of researchers into the field of psychology
C) while they may lead to more complex C) Since the study of psychology spans many
situations different topics at many different levels of
D) yet they may eventually cause the breakdown explanation
of both societies D) As the earliest psychologists known are the
E) since many people do not participate in such Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle
arrangements E) While the psychological disorder known as
depression affects millions of people worldwide

38. , some anthropologists believe that it does

not differ fundamentally from the simple
systems of communication employed by other
animals.
A) Though a human being as a highly intelligent
creature
B) Although human language is regarded to be
highly sophisticated
C) While ‘human’ is placed within a classification
of animals
D) As chimpanzees are closest to humans in
problem-solving
E) Because culture sets humanity radically apart
from animals

39. , new shipping routes are becoming 41. Hot yoga, which typically involves going
navigable. through 26 tough poses in a warm and humid
room, may just a waste of effort, ----.
A) Though sailors have to learn to operate
vehicles in Arctic conditions A) leading improvements in the blood vessels of
the participants
B) Even if the Arctic is attracting new interest from
governments B) making people sweat intensely, which is seen
as a good sign of health
C) As the Arctic Circle warms and large masses
of ice melt C) offering little benefit compared to yoga at a
normal temperature
D) Although Britain has deployed its military
forces in the Arctic D) reducing the percentage of yoga groups’ body
fat of 2 percent
E) If the Arctic becomes vulnerable to new
environmental threats E) creating a slight but still meaningful impact on
muscle strengthening
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

44. French chemist Antoine Lavoisier sought to

42. - 53. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye modernise chemistry by giving it new
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe theoretical foundations, and though some of
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi his ideas were misunderstood, on the whole he
bulunuz. was enormously successful.
A) Bazı fikirlerinin yanlış anlaşılmasına ragmen,
42. Before the 16th century there was a gradual Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı
increase in the world’s population and yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak
economy although epidemics and famine çağdaşlaştırmada çok başarılıydı.
caused temporary halts.
B) Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı
A) Salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici sektelere yeni teorik temellere dayandırıp
neden olsa da 16. yüzyıldan once dünya çağdaşlaştırmaya çalıştı ve genelde çok
nüfusu ve ekonomisi kademeli biçimde başarılı oldu ancak bazı fikirleri yanlış anlaşıldı.
artıyordu. C) Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı
B) 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya nüfusu ve yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak
ekonomisinde yaşanan kademeli artışa çağdaşlaştırmaya çalıştı ve bazı fikirlerinin
ragmen salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici yanlış anlaşılmasına ragmen genelde başarılı
sektelere neden oldu. oldu.
C) 16. yüzyıl öncesindeki salgın hastalıklar ve D) Kimyayı yeni teorik temellere dayandırarark
kıtlık, dünya nüfusu ve ekonomisindeki çağdaşlaştırmanın yollarını arayan Fransız
kademeli artisan geçici olarak sekteye kimyager Antoine Lavoisier genelde çok
uğramasına neden oldu. başarılı oldu ancak bazı fikirleri yanlış anlaşıldı.
D) Salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici sektelere E) Kimyayı kendi teorik temellere dayandırarak
neden olsa da 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya çağdaşlaştırması bazıları tarafından yanlış
nüfusu ve ekonomisinde kademeli bir artış anlaşılsa da Fransız kimyager Antoine
vardı. Lavoisier’in fikirleri genelde çok başarılı oldu.
E) 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya nüfusu ve
ekonomisindeki kademeli artisan sekteye
uğramasının nedeni, salgın hastalıklar ve
kıtlıktı.
45. Being untouched and untamed, the Norwegian
43. Ancient Greek philosopher Parmenides is said Lofoten Island, far above the Arctic Circle, are
to have drawn up an excellent set of laws for everything an adventurer could wish for and
his city, but we know nothing of his political more.
philosophy.
A) El değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş haliyle, Kuzey
A) Kendisinin siyasi felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir bilgi Kutup Dairesi’nin oldukça yukarısında olan
bulunmamakla birlikte aryık Yunan filozofu Norveç Lofoten Adaları, bir maceraperestin
Parmenides’in kendi şehri için mükemmel bir isteyebileceği her şey ve daha fazlasıdır.
kanunlar bütünü hazırlamış olduğu rivayet
B) Kuzey Kutup Dairesi’nin oldukça yukarısında
edilmektedir.
olan Norveç Lofoten Adaları’nda bir
B) Antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides’in kendi şehri maceraperestin el değmemiş ve
için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü hazırlamış değiştirilmemiş olarak isteyebileceği her şey
olduğu söylenmektedir, ancak biz onun siyasi fazlasıyla mevcuttur.
felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir şey bilmiyoruz.
C) Kuzey Kutup Dairesi’nin ötesini arzulayan bir
C) Artık Yunan filozofu Parmenides’in siyasi macerapertin isteyebileceği her şey ve fazlası,
felsefesi hakında hiçbir şey bilmiyoruz, ancak el değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş olarak Norveç
kendi şehri için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü Lofoten Adaları’nda bulunur.
hazırlamış olduğunu söyleyebiliriz.
D) Bir maceraperestin Norveç Lofoten Adaları’nda
D) Antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides’in kendi şehri el değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş haliyle
için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü hazırladığı bulunmasını isteyebileceği her şey ve daha
söylenmesine ragmen biz onun siyasi felsefesi fazlası Kuzey Kutup Dairesi’nin oldukça
ile ilgili bilgi sahibi değiliz. ilerisindedir.
E) Siyasi felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir şey bilmememize E) El değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş şeyler peşinde
ragmen, antic Yunan filozofu Parmenides’in olan bir maceraperest, Kuzey Kutup Dairesi’nin
kendi şehri için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü oldukça yukarısında bulunan Norveç Lofoten
hazırladığı söylenmektedir. Adaları’nda istediğini fazlasıyla bulur.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

46. Most of the archaeological work done today is 48. Modern diş fırçasını Çinliler icat etmiştir ancak
part of anthropology, which studies humans in Avrupa’ya hiç ulaşmadığından, yeniden icadı
all their biological and cultural aspects. William Addis’e ithaf edilmektedir.
A) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların A) The reason why the reinvention of the modern
çoğu, antropolojinin br parçası olarak insanları toothbrush is credited to William Addis is that it
tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle inceler. never reached Europe despite being invented
B) Günümüzde yapılan arkeolojik çalışmaların by the Chinese.
çoğu, antropolojinin bir parçasıdır ve insanları B) The Chinese invented the modern toothbrush
tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle inceler. but as it never reached Europe, its reinvention
C) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların is credited to William Addis.
çoğu, insanları tüm biyolojik ve kültürel C) Had the modern toothbrush invented by the
yönleriyle inceleyen antropolojinin bir Chinese reached Europe, its reinvention would
parçasıdır. not be credited to William Addis.
D) Gününmüzdeki arkeolojik çalışmaların çoğu, D) The reinvention of the modern toothbrush,
insanların tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle which had been invented by the Chinese but
araştıran antropolojinin bir parçası olarak never reached Europe, is credited to William
yürütülür. Addis.
E) Gününümüzdeki arkeolojik çalışmaların çoğu, E) Although the Chinese invented the modern
antropolojinin bir parçası olduğu için insanları toothbrush, it never reached Europe, which
tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle inceler. makes William Addis be credited with its
reinvention.

49. Bir çalışmaya göre, deneyim ve zekânın satranç

becerileri ile bağlatılı olmasına karşın, en
yüksek korelasyonu çocukların bir günde
47. For years, self-publishing has given talented oyunu oynayarak geçirdikleri saat sayısı
authors the means to share their works with vermiştir.
audiences that would otherwise never read
A) According to a study, although experience and
them.
intelligence were related to chess skills, the
A) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yıllarca yetenekli highest correlation was with the number of
yazarlara çalışmalarını başka türlü asla hours a day children spent playing the game.
okumayacak olan kitlelerle paylaşma aracı B) According to a study, despite the number of
sağlamıştır. hours a day children spent playing the game,
B) Yetenekli yazarlar yıllarca bireysel yayıncılığı the highest correlation with chess skills was
araç olarak kullanarak, çalışmalarını başka produced by experience and intelligence.
türlü asla okumayacak olan okuyuculara C) A study found that chess skills were somewhat
ulaştırmışlardır. related to experience and intelligence, but a
C) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yetenekli stronger correlation was with the number of
yazarların yıllarca çalışmalarını başka türlü hours a day children spent playing the game.
asla okumayacak kitlelerle paylaşmak için D) A study found that even though the number of
kullandıkları bir yöntem olmuştur. hours a day children spent playing the game
D) Bireysel yayıncılık yaparak kitlelere ulaşan had the highest correlation with chess skills,
yetenekli yazarlar bu yöntemi yıllarca experience and intelligence were also
kullanarak eserlerini başka türlü okumayacak important.
olan okuyuculara ulaştırmışlardır. E) It was found by a study that no matter how
E) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yıllarca yetenekli high a child’s experience or intelligence were,
yazarların normalde çalışmalarını asla the highest correlation with chess skills was
okumayacak kitlelere ulaşmasının aracı with the number of hours a day children spent
olmuştur. playing the game.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

50. Ultraviyole koruma sağlayan kıyafetler giymek, 52. Kırmızı, genellikle öfke ve saldırganlık ile
ihtiyaç duyduğunuz güneş kremi miktarını ilişkilendirilen bir renk olsa da araştırmalar
%90’a kadar azaltabilir. motivasyonunuzu artırmak için onu
kullanabileceğinizi göstermektedir.
A) Wearing clothes providing ultraviolet protection
can reduce the amount of sunscreen you need A) Red, which is a colour often associates with
by up to 90 percent. anger and aggression, can be used to boost
B) The amount of sunscreen you need can be your motivation as studies show.
reduced by up to 90 percent by wearing B) Red is a colour that is often associated with
clothes providing ultraviolet protection. anger and aggression, although studies show
C) When you wear clothes that provide ultraviolet that you can use it to boost your motivation.
protection, you can reduce the amount of C) Although red is a colour that is often
sunscreen you need by up to 90 percent. associated with anger and aggression, studies
D) You can use 90 percent less sunscreen if you show that you can use it to boost your
wear clothes providing ultraviolet protection. motivation.

E) By wearing clothes that provide ultraviolet D) Despite being often associated with anger and
protection, you can reduce the amount of aggression, red is a colour that you can use to
sunscreen you need by up to 90 percent. boost your motivation as studies show.
E) Even though red is a colour that is often
associated with anger and aggression, studies
show that using it can boost your motivation.

51. Dünyanın her yerinde milyonlarca insan ülkenin 53. Tolstoy’a göre mutluluğu sosyal statü
güzel manzarasını ve büyüleyici mirasını aracılığıyla aramak, kişiyi sürekli kaygıya ve
görmeye geldiğinden, turizmin İngiltere’nin en statü kaybı endişelerine açık hâle getirir.
büyük endüstrilerinden biri olduğu söylenir.
A) Seeking happiness through social status,
A) Britain is said to be visited by millions of people according to Tolstoy, obviously leads one to
from around the world who want to see its experience relentless anxiety as well as
beautiful scenery and amazing heritage, thus concerns about losing status.
tourism is the biggest industry in the country. B) For Tolstoy, if one seeks happiness through
B) Tourism is said to be the biggest industry in social status, it is clear he or she will end up
Britain because millions of people from around feeling constant anxiety and concerns about
the globe go to the country to see not only its losing status.
beautiful scenery but also its amazing heritage. C) According to Tolstoy, to pursue happiness
C) It is said that one of Britain’s biggest industries through social status opens one to constant
is tourism since millions of people from around anxiety and concerns about losing status.
the world visit the country in the hope of seeing D) Tolstoy believed that those who seek
its beautiful scenery and amazing heritage. happiness through social status experience
D) Tourism is said to be one of Britain’s biggest persistent anxiety due to concerns about losing
industries, as millions of people from around status.
the globe arrive to see the country’s beautiful E) When happiness is sought through social
scenery and amazing heritage. status, one becomes open to constant anxiety
E) Millions of people from around the world are and concerns about losing status, says
said to visit Britain for its beautiful scenery and Tolstoy.
amazing heritage, which makes tourism one of
the biggest industries in the country.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

56. Ludwig van Beethoven is one of the most

54. - 59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada important figures in Western music ----- For
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için example, he had hearing problems from a very
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. early age. While still a boy, he supported his
family as a traveling performer. At the age of 17
54. During the period from 1500 to 1800 European he impressed Mozart in Vienna, Austria, and
cities not only grew markedly in size but came moved there to study with Haydn. He amazed
to exercise an unprecedented influence over many people in high social circles with his
society in general. As a result, some historians piano playing. The musical visions expressed
have considered this era the true beginning of in his many works were often far ahead of their
European cities with more than 10,000 people time.
increased from 154 in 1500 to 364 by 1800. A) He composed some of the most astonishing
A) By 1800, London was rapidly approaching the music ever written, but had a troubled life.
size of Imperial Rome. B) There is evidence that Beethoven lived in more
B) A few key factors combined to produce this than 60 different places during his 35 years in
new phase of urbanisation. Vienna.
C) Urban influences affected many rural areas C) During his early years, Beethoven was always
both culturally and economically. exploring new directions to transform music.
D) The rise of a merchant capitalist economy D) Among his most famous early works are two
provided new levels of urban capital. piano sonatas: the Pathêtique and Moonlight
sonatas.
E) Clearly a notable growth of the urban
population took place at the time. E) His worked marked the crossover between the
Classical and Romantic periods in the history
of music.

55. Hermann von Helmholtz is a name that is not 57. Becoming popular in the 16th century with both
uttered frequently enough anymore ------ He commoners and nobles, the violin has
invented and popularised the ophthalmoscope, remained a democratic instrument, universal
participated in describing non-Euclidean and versatile. The development of the modern
geometry, and published across many violin was gradual and complex------ The
disciplines, including physiology, psychology, influence of the two stringed rabab, which is
physics, and philosophy. an Arabian violin introduced to western Europe
in the 11th century, and the three-stringed
A) For one thing, he began his academic career in
rebec, which appeared in Spain between the
an army medical school.
11th and 13th centuries, is also reflected in the
B) So, he decided at an early age to study Kant’s modern violin.
theories and he continued his career with this
interest. A) Maple and spruce trees have been the most
favoured types of wood to make violins.
C) Over a hundred years after his death,
researchers have tested some of his most B) The city of Brescia was the earliest to excel in
brilliant insights. violin craft.
D) However, this remarkable scientist, and C) It became more influential after being
philosopher, contributed to modern science incorporated into orchestras.
with numerous concepts and inventions. D) It evolved from a variety of other stringed
E) Perhaps Helmholtz’s most notable instruments.
achievement was his characterisation of the E) Stringed instruments have a long history in
human brain as a ‘prediction machine’. folk music.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

58. Advanced in communication and information

technologies are changing the ways we interact 60. - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
with each other. For some, these changes have okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
opened up new venues and opportunities. ---- bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
For others, these same changes have been
associated with loss: the loss of traditions, or 60. (I) Although people often use the terms frontier,
jobs, or significant relationships. But whatever boundary, and border interchangeably, historians
form these changes take, few realise the have emphasised important distinctions between
magnitude, intensity, and long term frontiers and boundaries. (II) Frontiers are above all
implications of these transformations. zones of interaction. (III) While the term frontier can
be traced back to medieval Spain, historians in the
A) While societies live under a multitude of United States have debated its role in US history for
conditions, they are not immune to these centuries. (IV) They can arise as a result of cross-
changes. cultural encounters, population movements, and the
B) Distant places are increasingly accessible, and absence of state authority or an effective monopoly
work and learning can occur from any location of violence. (V) In contrast, borders are established
that has an Internet connection. by states to separate their subject and territories from
other political jurisdictions.
C) In some areas we are witnessing extremely
rapid societal transformation, and in other A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
places only certain groups are affected.
D) Yet, there has been little attention focused on
the social side of globalisation.
E) Thus, we have been gradually losing our
critical thinking skills.

59. History has come to mean many things. It is an 61. (I) There is controversy in current linguistics over the
account of past events, in sequence of time; it formal differences between Old English and modern
is the study of events, their causes and English. (II) The history of Old English poetry is
outcomes; and it is all that is preserved or rather different from that Old English prose, and also
remembered about the past. For evidence, much more difficult to fully perceive. (III) The major
historians use written accounts and artefacts reason for this is that the vast majority of Old English
such as weapons and tools ----- Otherwise, poetry is to be found in only four manuscripts, all
events, even important ones, might disappear compiled in the late 10th to early 11th century. (IV)
from memory. These manuscripts are: the Vercelli Book, the Exeter
Book, the Beowulf Manuscript and the Junius or
A) Oral history is a good source of local history. Caedmon Manuscript. (V) There is very little doubt
B) Religious records give details of marriages and that these manuscripts were, by and large,
funerals. compilations of poetry written at different times during
C) Historians look for rational explanations for the the Old English Period.
events. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
D) This is because people record things in some
way to remember them.
E) History is written by those who play a major
part in it.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

62. (I) Many Chinese children do not have brothers or 64. (I) Delays, cancellations and overcrowding are
sisters. (II) This is owing to government policies enough to put many people off from travelling by
trying to reduce the population growth. (III) To train, but the price of a ticket can often be the real
control the rising population, the government offers prohibitive factor. (II) Sometimes, it might be the
special benefits to couples with only one child. (IV) easiest or only way to get from one place to another.
Many people in China have been moving from the (III) Fortunately, it is possible to reduce how much you
country to cities, where there are relatively well-paid pay with some tricks. (IV) Buying at the ticket office
jobs to help them afford their children’s education. just before you travel is usually the most expensive
(V) Although this has slowed down the rate of growth, option. (V) Instead, you can go to an agent or look
China’s population still grows by millions each year. online to book an advance ticket.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

63. (I) Alchemy was a form of chemistry studied in the 65. (I) In Roman agriculture, each field had to be
Middle Ages. (II) Traditionally, the central aim of plowed between three and six times before it would
practising alchemists was to discover how to turn be completely ready. (II) Oxen, which were used to
base metals into gold. (III) Second to this was a pull plows, were quite expensive. (III) After plowing,
search for the elixir of life, which would cure all the farmer had to fertilize the fields, which demanded
sickness and enable immortality. (IV) The science of that manure be mixed in to the soil, often by hand.
modern chemistry had its early experimental roots in (IV) Fertilization was followed by the actual sowing of
alchemy. (V) Medieval alchemists sought a the seeds. (V) Once the seeds were sown, the soil
philosopher’s stone, which they believed would had to be worked over with hoes and weeded by
make both tasks possible. hand.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

67. Which of the following can be inferred from the

66. - 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre passage?
cevaplayınız.
A) Copernicus wrote many books in his life time.
Copernicus, a Polish-born, Italian-educated B) Copernicus lived a long and healthy life.
churchman, took a big step toward the scientific
revolution in 1543 when he published his theories C) Galileo’s findings were similar to Copernicus’.
about how the Earth and planets move in relation to D) Galileo and Copernicus wrote a book together.
the Sun. Copernicus said that the Sun, not the E) Galileo also had trouble with the Catholic
Earth, was the centre around which the universe Church.
revolved. Copernicus delayed releasing his findings,
but at the urging of supporters, he published his
book The Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres
around 1543, the year of his death. His Sun-centred
universe, along with the nation that the Earth spins
on its axis, upset some other astronomers and
churchmen. To claim that God would place his
creation on a spinning ball that revolved around
another heavenly body struck many people as
ridiculous, as it was against the teachings of the
Catholic Church. The controversy only caught fire,
however, after 110, when physicist and astronomer
Galileo Galilei of Pisa published a book about his
own astronomical observations, which supported
those of Copernicus. The Catholic Church banned
Copernicus’ book, The Revolution of the Heavenly
Spheres, in 1616 and did not lift the ban until 1835.

66. One can understand from the passage that 68. Which of the following is true about Copernicus
Copernicus’ book ----. according to the passage?

A) was published following his death A) Copernicus’ book was rewritten by Galileo
centuries later.
B) was published immediately after it was written
B) Galileo worked hard to immediately lift the ban
C) reached a great number of readers on Copernicus’ book.
D) upset astronomers in particular C) It was forbidden to read Copernicus’ book for a
E) was a breakthrough in the world of science very long time.
D) Copernicus thought neither the Earth nor the
Sun was the centre of the universe.
E) Galileo’s research was the main reason for the
ban on Copernicus’ book.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

70. The underlined word in the passage

69. - 71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre ‘ransacked’ is closest in meaning to ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) admired
Srirangam Island, at the confluence of the Kaveri B) neglected
and Kollidam Rivers in south-eastern India’s state of
Tamil, is home to a 2,000-year-old temple complex, C) utilised
major parts of which are still in use today. However, D) damaged
much of the complex is hidden or destroyed. Many E) altered
older sections are buried under sediment as a result
of centuries of flooding, and the complex was
ransacked in the 14th century by general Ulugh
Khan. Recent excavations at the site, guided by
geologists with knowledge of flood sediment layers,
have begun to reveal what was presumed to have
been lost. Researchers including geologist Mu
Ramkunar of Periyar University have uncovered
parts of the temple destroyed by Ulugh Khan and
unearthed artefacts such as pendant lamps and
statues of the deity Gopalakrisnan with his consorts.
Using geophysical surveying techniques, they have
also identified what they believe to be the tomb of
religious scholar and teacher Sri Manavala
Mamunigal, who restored the temple complex in the
15th century. The tombs have been left unexcavated
for religious reasons.

69. The temple on Srirangam Island mentioned in 71. If can be inferred from the passage that ----.
the passage ----.
A) the geophysical surveying techniques used
A) is still used today although most of its parts are were not sophisticated enough to study the
buried or damaged parts ruined by Ulugh Khan
B) was constructed in the 14th century by :Ulugh B) geologists specialising in sediment layers
Khan after conquering the island contributed a great deal to the rediscovery of
the buried sections
C) has been revealed to contain 2,000-year-old
artefacts belonging to Ulugh Khan C) many artefacts unearthed from the tombs will
never be seen by the public as this is not
D) has many older sections still in good condition
permitted for religious reasons
despite centuries of flooding
D) Sri Manavala Mamunigal restored the temple
E) will not be reopened for religious reasons when
primarily to make it his burial place
its reconstruction is complete
E) The research from Periyar University are
wrong about their assumptions that the temple
complex might have been restored previously
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

73. According to the passage , when the reign of

72. - 74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre Mary Tudor ended, ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) the people of London were happy and hopeful
Mary Tudor had never enjoyed good heath, and it B) her half-sister ruled the country unwillingly
got worse rapidly after she became queen.
Desperate to conceive an heir, she suffered the C) the Londoners understood that she actually
humiliation of two phantom pregnancies during had a miserable life
which she displayed all the symptoms of an D) Elizabeth ordered the churches to toll their
expectant mother although she was not pregnant in bells
reality. But her swollen stomach may have been due E) Roman Catholicism was immediately abolished
to a cancerous tumour. Early in 1558, as Mary
persisted in believing that she would soon be
delivered of an heir, it was obvious to everyone else
that she was dying. By 28 October, wracked, with
pain, she finally acknowledged that there would be
no ‘fruit of her body,’ and confirmed that the crown
would pass to Elizabeth. She begged her half-sister
to uphold the Roman Catholic faith, but the
knowledge of how unlikely Elizabeth was to honour
this request tormented Mary until her last breath.
Upon hearing that Mary was dead and that
Elizabeth was now queen, there was great rejoicing
in London. All across the capital, church bells were
rung and at night bonfires were lit, around which
thousands of people gathered to make merry. The
brief, brutal reign of Mary Tudor was over: now the
nation’s hopes rested upon her beautiful and
charismatic successor.

72. It can be understood from the passage that 74. What is the primary purpose of the author?
Mary Tudor ----.
A) To criticise Mary Tudor and her brutal reign
A) was in good health before she became queen over London
B) had two babies who both died soon after birth B) To highlight the importance of being a
C) lied to her nation about her physical condition charismatic leader
D) never believed she would have a legitimate C) To emphasise the need for quality medical
heir care in medieval times
E) died in pain possibly due to a cancerous D) To describe events leading up to Elizabeth’s
tumour becoming queen
E) To acknowledge the accomplishments of
Elizabeth
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

76. The underlined word in the passage ‘vigorous’

75. - 77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre is closest in meaning to ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) Skilful
Whenever photographer Gabriele Galimberti meets B) Memorable
people on his travels, he asks the same question:
“Can I see what’s in your medicine cabinet?” Some C) Energetic
are shy; others proud to do so. He asks this D) Flexible
question to reveal who the people are. “The E) optimistic
medicines they use tell us about their desires, their
wants, their diseases. It’s very intimate,” says
Galimberti. What can our medicines say about us?
For one, how affluent we are. Cabinets in developed
countries tend to overflow with pharmaceuticals.
People in less developed countries collect
medications more slowly. People take pills to be
physically stronger and thus more vigorous, to
sleep more (pr sometimes less), to age more slowly,
or for other reasons. View the different cabinets’
contents, and cultures start to take shape. In Paris
and New York, Galimberti saw large numbers of
antidepressants and antianxiety pills. Indian people
tended to choose medicines with Indian labels,
independent of quality or potency. African cabinets
had drugs from China, often unlabelled. Yet all the
people photographed had something in common:
None of them were sick.

75. Why does Galimberti ask people to show him 77. According to the passage which of the
their medicine cabinets? following is true about how cultures use
medicine
A) To examine diseases common across different
nations A) Medicines are more frequently used to slow
B) To see whether people react positively or down aging in developed countries compared
negatively to such questions to less developed ones.
C) To help them improve their economic B) Regardless of the nation they belong to,
conditions people tend to stockpile medicines even they
do not really need them.
D) To collect detailed personal information from a
wide range of nations C) In some countries, due to poor living
standards, medicine cabinets do not show
E) To compare developed and less developed much about the culture.
countries regarding quality of health care
D) Indian people tend to choose antidepressants
made in their own country although they are
not very effective.
E) African countries prefer medicines imported
from China because they do not have labels.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SOSYAL – 3 Kasım 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

79. Sceptics of the results produced in 2017 ----.

78. - 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) wanted further genetic testing to be conducted
on the remains
A richly furnished grave excavated in 1878 near the B) reviewed evidence again with staff from
Viking town of Birka in eastern Sweden had long Uppsala University
been assumed to hold a powerful male warrior. The
grave was equipped with a range of weapons, as C) doubted the rank of the warrior in the grave,
well as a set of gaming pieces and a gaming board, not the accuracy of the genetic analysis
which were seen as indications that the warrior in D) have been proven wrong by the new sex
the grave was a military commander. A pair of determination
horses was also found in the grave, one bridled as if E) created controversy by publicly opposing the
prepared to ride off into battle once again in the results
afterlife. More than a century later, several
researchers concluded – and genetic analysis
confirmed – that this Viking warrior was actually
female. When these results were reported in 2017,
sceptics wondered whether there had been a testing
mistake, or, perhaps, whether the person in the
grave had been a warrior after all. A new review of
the evidence led by Neil Price of Uppsala University
concludes that the person in the grave was indeed
biologically female, and that there is no reason to
doubt that she was a warrior in a position of great
authority. “Ever since its excavation, the burial has
been interpreted as that of a high-status warrior,”
says Price. “We think so, too, for exactly the same
reasons as everyone else has always thought so,
but in light of the new sex determination, she was a
female high-status warrior.”

78. According to the passage the Viking grave 80. Which of the following conclusions can be
found in Sweden did NOT include ----. reached based on the passage?

A) a variety of weapons A) Despite overwhelming evidence to the

contrary, not all Viking warriors were female.
B) items indicating military rank
B) Even if evidence is conclusive, some refuse to
C) life-size models of animals believe Viking women were able to hold high
D) items used for entertainment military positions.
E) horses prepared for battle C) Testing mistakes occur frequently in
archaeology, which means that all results
should be questioned.
D) Excavation of burial sites is a tricky process
and requires several different types of testing.
E) Researchers at Uppsala University are more
open-minded than those at other Swedish
higher education institutions.

TEST BİTTİ.
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

2019/2 YÖKDİL SOSYAL CEVAP ANAHTARI

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 A 21 A 41 C 61 A
2 B 22 C 42 D 62 D
3 A 23 E 43 B 63 D
4 C 24 D 44 C 64 B
5 C 25 C 45 A 65 B
6 A 26 B 46 C 66 E
7 B 27 C 47 A 67 C
8 E 28 C 48 B 68 C
9 D 29 D 49 A 69 A
10 A 30 B 50 A 70 D
11 C 31 A 51 D 71 B
12 C 32 C 52 C 72 E
13 D 33 D 53 C 73 A
14 C 34 D 54 E 74 D
15 B 35 C 55 D 75 D
16 B 36 E 56 A 76 C
17 C 37 B 57 D 77 B
18 A 38 B 58 B 78 C
19 D 39 C 59 D 79 D
20 B 40 A 60 C 80 B
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN TEST OF ENGLISH 1 Mart 2020

This test consists of 80 questions.

6. Bioinformatics is a new field that ----- the

1. - 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere development and application of computational
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. methods to organise, integrate, and analyse
gene-related data.
1. Scientific discoveries may be made A) centers on B) falls behind
simultaneously by scientists working
independently, but almost every ----- depends C) leaves out D) brings down
on previously work and theories. E) puts off
A) expense B) precaution
C) threat D) advance
E) decline 7. - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

2. Artificial selection is the conscious attempt by

human beings to change the environments or 7. At the end of the 17th century, Isaac Newton ----
---- of other organisms so as to alter the his laws of motion and gravity, making science
evolution of these organisms. more precise and mathematical than it ----
before.
A) instructions B) traits
A) had set down / would have been
C) profits D) intentions
B) was setting down / has been
E) causes
C) set down / had been
D) would set down / was
3. Taxonomy is the area of biological science
comprising three----- but highly interrelated E) had been setting down / would be
disciplines: classification, naming and
identification of organism.
A) respectable B) regular 8. Over the past 100 years, the relativity theories
C) distinct D) virtual and quantum mechanics ----- major triumphs at
the cost of us, ---- our classic conception of
E) consistent time.
A) have celebrated / losing
4. A volcanic catastrophe is often thousands of B) celebrated / to have lost
years in the making – many volcanoes gain
strength for millennia before an------ powerful C) have been celebrated / having been lost
explosion occurs. D) had celebrated / being lost
A) immensely B) insufficiently E) were celebrated / to be lost
C) adversely D) inconveniently
E) elaborately
9. The Enlightenment period saw astronomical
observatories grow ---- size and number, ----- a
5. Swifts, one of the fastest small birds, can be growing emphasis on the housing of larger
---- from the superficially-similar African telescopes.
swallows by their characteristic style of flight.
A) by / over B) for / through
A) derived B) prevented
C) beyond / to D) from / at
C) extracted D) distinguished
E) in / with
E) obtained
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

10. The boiling point of a liquid substance is the 16. The solid core inside the Moon is similar to
temperature ----- which the vapour pressure of that of Earth; -----, the Moon’s core is gradually
the liquid equals the external pressure ------ the cooling, which creates cracks on the surface,
liquid. in contrast to the Earth’s warming core.
A) of / by B) among / off A) however B) eventually
C) at / on D) for / with C) furthermore D) for instance
E) in / under E) in brief

11. After 13 years in Saturn’s orbit, the Cassini

spacecraft ended its mission in September
2017 ---- making a planned dive ----- the planet’s 17. Atmosphere observation includes such well-
atmosphere. known instruments as the thermometer and
A) after / with B) about / over barometer ----- less familiar devices such as the
radiosonde.
C) in / at D) by / into
A) according to B) in terms of
E) from / through
C) with the purpose of D) owing to

12. the Earth’s long history, scientists divide E) as well as

its 4.5-billion-year existence using the
geologic time scale, which makes this history
manageable.
A) Unlike B) Except for 18. According to a study, a common species of
wasp appears to be becoming smaller in
C) On behalf of D) Because of
number----- the ongoing global rise in
E) Similar to temperatures.
A) except for B) rather than
13. It takes up to five years------a cocoa tree bears C) as a consequence of D) contrary to
fruit, and it then produces around 1,000 beans
a year, but that is only enough for one E) in pursuit of
kilogramme of chocolate.
A) because B) unless
C) before D) as if
19. Studies have shown that flying animals
E) as soon as manage well----- due to the fact that they can
escape predators by taking flight, ----- because
14. continental island are part of their nearby flight has supplied them with a number of
continental land mass, oceanic island are the advantageous qualities.
result of undersea volcanoes or tectonic plate A) such / that B) the more / the more
activity pushing up the sea floor.
C) neither / nor D) not only / but also
A) Unless B) After
E) as / as
C) While D) Because
E) As long as
15. Like people, animals can also have reactions
to pollen and other environmental allergens, 20. Inside the Sun, density and temperature rise
---- they have different symptoms than we do steadily toward the core, ----- the pressure is
and should be treated differently as well. more than 100 billion times greater than the
atmospheric pressure on the Earth’s surface.
A) as if B) once
A) where B) how
C) but D) so
C) which D) whom
E) since
E) what
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

21. - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıda ki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

For thousands of years, humans had relied on Before the invention of the microscope, it was
animals and manpower to move heavy loads and impossible to see cells. Some biological theories were
drive machinery. This all changed in the late 18th therefore based on speculations (26) ---- scientific
century with the arrival of a new invention: the steam observation. For example, people believed in
engine. Steam engines operate by burning fuel to ‘spontaneous generation’ (27) ---- it was hard to
heat water (21) --- it boils. The resulting hot steam believe that cells would regenerate. The development
(22) the boiling water is trapped to create of the microscope, including that of an electronic
pressure, which is used to drive machinery. This version in the 20th century, made (28) ---- observation
simple principle opened the way to powerful new of the internal structure of the cell possible. Robert
engines. Steam engines were more (23) than Hooke was the first (29) ---- dead cells in 1665. In
windmills or waterwheels which had to be built in 1838, Matthias Schleiden observed living cells, and in
specific places. They were more powerful than 1839, in collaboration (30) ---- Theodor Schwann, he
humans and animals, and they (24) ---- equipment developed the first theory of cells; that all living
used on farms and in factories. (25)---- all these organism consist of cells.
advantages, larger models were used to pump vast
amounts of water to drain mines and supply canal
systems.
26.
A) despite B) owing to
21.
C) rather than D) similar to
A) as if B) unless
E) as a result of
C) until D) although
E) just as
27.
22. A) in case B) as long as
A) into B) from C) because D) although
C) without D) at E) so that
E) for

28.
23.
A) weak B) scarce
A) urgent B) tedious
C) accidental D) vague
C) threatening D) redundant
E) detailed
E) flexible

24. 29.
A) may drive B) have to drive A) to see B) seeing
C) should have driven D) could drive C) to have been seen D) having seen
E) would have driven E) to be seen

25. 30.
A) Such as B) Regardless of A) with B) between
C) Contrary to D) Instead of C) to D) from
E) In addition to E) for
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

34. As the technology for piping gas from the

31. - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun source began to improve, ----.
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) it was the product of the decaying of living
31. Despite their benefits in farms where pests are matter over millions of years
abundant, ----. B) Alaska and Texas were the largest sources of
A) pesticides are widely used by farmers to gas in the US
increase agricultural productivity C) it became possible to transport gas over
B) pesticides are responsible for about one million thousands of miles
poisoning cases globally every year D) it was initially inconvenient to store in large
C) humans cause much more severe amounts
environmental damage than pesticides do E) it was believed to have been first discovered
D) pesticides can also be classified according to and used by the Chinese
the similarities of their chemical structures
E) contagious diseases in crops can be prevented
by using pesticides

35. Although traditional recruitment sources such

as newspaper advertisements are still used to
recruit job applicants, ----.
32. Once it has decided on its target, ----. A) people also argue that the internet may pose
A) the dragonfly attacks the prey in mid-air using potential threats to personal privacy
its legs B) use of internet is less likely to reduce the time
B) the dragonfly’s menu also features associated with traditional recruitment methods
mosquitoes, flies and butterflies C) most people seeking jobs are still looking at
C) the dragonfly is often seen over water in the newspaper advertisements instead of using the
wild internet
D) the dragonfly has hardly changed, proving D) the internet has changed the way in which
itself to be the champion of adaptation many organisations announce job
opportunities
E) the dragonfly is an insect with a long thin
body E) the internet recruiting poses challenges for
organisations that use online recruiting
programmes

33. Although several geological phenomena

account for the formation of numerous lakes on
Earth, ----. 36. Although lead was widely known at a very early
date, ----.
A) most lakes were formed as a result of glacier
activity A) the first metal to be practically utilised was
B) they are inland bodies of water scattered over copper
the earth’s surface B) that period is known as the Chalcolithic Age
C) salt lakes have high levels of chalky deposits C) metallurgical developments originated in
at the bottom mountainous regions
D) young lakes have less organic matter as D) the emergence of rock-melting process started
opposed to old ones the Copper Age
E) lake basins formed at the edge of glaciers E) most of the larger metal artefacts were
were generally too deep produced in the Middle East
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

37. Fossils may be the body parts or direct traces 40. Humans have drastically altered wetlands for a
of activities left behind by animals, plants, variety of reasons; ----.
fungi, and microorganisms; ----.
A) for example, an estimated 26 per cent of the
A) thus, they might include a mammalian tooth, a world’s wetlands have been converted for
clam shell, a leaf or the entire skeleton of a agricultural purposes alone
dinosaur B) however, more than half of the original
B) on the other hand, fossils are real and truly the wetlands in the United States have been
remains of long-dead organisms destroyed in the past 200 years
C) by comparison, they are usually formed as C) as a result, people thought that they were
dead organisms become buried by layers of nothing more than breeding places for
sediment diseases
D) however, some people have historically D) on the contrary, wetland birds migrate to cold
studied fossils as an interest places during summer months
E) for example, ancient people used fossils to E) in other words, the wetlands are home to a
make necklaces and to exchange in trade large variety of wildlife

38. The life cycle of different insect species varies

41. Chestnut wood can be worked easily to
greatly, ----.
manufacture fine furniture and musical
A) while the field of insect ecology investigates instruments; ----.
mortality factors that help regulate insect
A) on the other hand, chestnuts are species of
populations
trees in the genus Castanea
B) as it is essential to understand populations and
B) moreover, it is also used for its durability in roof
their reproductive capacity
materials and construction timber
C) thus some feed on living plants, others on
C) for example, true chestnut seeds could be
decaying plants, and still others on animals confused with horse chestnuts
D) given that some species that coexist in an
D) thus, in 1999, the global crop of sweet chestnut
area and interact with each other form an
was harvested from about 630,000 acres
ecological community
E) similarly, they are species of temperate
E) but all insects undergo the basic stages of
hardwood forests found in the northern
development from an egg to a reproductive
hemisphere
adult

39. Insect-pollinated flowers are usually brightly

coloured and sugary-smelling ----.
A) although birds or bats use these colourful
flowers as landing pads
B) while hummingbirds are the only pollinating
birds that fly as they feed
C) because insects are attracted by vivid colours
and sweet scents
D) only when some plants try to shed their shiny
pollen into the air
E) as some flower heads have much larger
flowers, spaced much further apart
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

44. In 725, Chinese engineer Liang Ling-Zan and

42. - 53. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye Buddhist monk Yi-Xing invented a water clock
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe which displayed various astronomical events
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi rather than the time.
bulunuz.
A) Zamanı ve çeşitli astronomik olayları gösteren
su saati, Çinli mühendis Liang Ling-Zan ve
Budist rahip Yi-Xing tarafından 725 yılında icat
42. By opening the way to the use of high-rise edilmiştir.
buildings, the elevator played a decisive role in
the creation of the characteristic urban B) 725 yılında, Çinli mühendis Liang Ling-Zan ve
geography of many modern cities. Budist rahip Yi-Xing, zamanı ve çeşitli
astronomik olayları gösteren su saatini icat
A) Pek çok modern şehrin karakteristik kentsel ettiler.
coğrafyasını oluşturmada belirleyici bir rolü
C) 725 yılında, Çinli mühendis Liang Ling-Zan ve
olan asansör, çok katlı binaların
Budist rahip Yi-Xing tarafından icat edilen su
kullanılmasının yolunu açmıştır.
saati, zamanı göstermek yerine çeşitli
B) Asansör, çok katlı binaların kullanımının yolunu astronomik olayları gösteriyordu.
açarak pek çok modern şehrin karakteristik
D) 725 yılında, Çinli mühendis Liang Ling-Zan ve
kentsel coğrafyasının oluşmasında belirleyici
Budist rahip Yi-Xing, zamandan ziyade çeşitli
bir rol oynamıştır.
astronomik olayları gösteren bir su saati icat
C) Çok katlı binaların kullanımının yolunu açan ettiler.
asansör, pek çok modern şehrin karakteristik
E) Zamandan çok çeşitli astronomik olayları
kentsel coğrafyasının oluşmasında belirleyici
gösteren su saati, Çinli mühendis Liang Ling-
bir rol oynamıştır.
Zan’ın yardımıyla Budist rahip Yi-Xing
D) Asansör çok katlı binaların kullanımının yolunu tarafından 725 yılında icat edilmiştir.
açtığı için pek çok modern şehrin karakteristik
kentsel coğrafyasının oluşumunda belirleyici
bir rol oynamıştır.
E) Çok katlı binaların kullanımının yolunu açan
asansör, pek çok modern şehrin karakteristik
kentsel coğrafyasının oluşmasında belirleyici
bir role sahip olmuştur.

45. Early farmers quickly learned that a supply of

43. At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, water was essential to farming; thus, the
engineers devoted their efforts almost entirely primary fields of grain were processed
to making devices that functioned profitably, alongside the great rivers of the Middle East.
but with no attention to their safety.
A) İlk çiftçiler su tedarikinin çiftçilik için önemli
A) Sanayi Devrimi’nin başlangıcında mühendisler olduğunu çabucak öğrendiler, bu yüzden
neredeyse bütün çabalarını kârlı bir şekilde başlıca tahıl arazileri Orta Doğu’nun büyük
işleyen, ancak güvenliğine önem vermedikleri nehirleri boyunca işlendi.
aygıtlar yapmaya adadılar. B) İlk çiftçiler su tedarikinin çiftçilik açısından
B) Sanayi Devrimi’nin başlangıcında hemen önemli olduğunu çabucak öğrenmelerinden
hemen bütün çabalarını kârlı bir şekilde çalışan dolayı başlıca tahıl arazilerini Orta Doğu’nun
aygıtlar üretmeye adayan mühendisler, büyük nehirleri boyunca işlediler.
güvenliğe hiç önem vermediler. C) Su tedarikinin çiftçilik için önemli olduğunu
C) Güvenli aygıtlar yapmak, Sanayi Devrimi’nin çabuk öğrenen ilk çiftçiler başlıca tahıl
başlangıcında mühendislerin kârlı bir şekilde arazilerini Orta Doğu’daki büyük nehirler
çalışan aygıtlar yapmak kadar önem verdikleri boyunca işlediler.
bir konu değildi. D) Başlıca tahıl arazilerinin Orta Doğu’daki büyük
D) Kârlı bir şekilde işleyen aygıtlar üretme nehirler boyunca işlenmesinin sebebi, ilk
çabaları, Sanayi Devrimi’nin başlangıcında, çiftçilerin su tedarikinin çiftçilik açısından
mühendislerin güvenli aygıtların üretilmesine önemli olduğunu çabucak kavramalarıdır.
pek önem vermemelerine neden oldu. E) İlk çiftçiler su tedarikinin önemli bir çiftçilik
E) Sanayi Devrimi’nin başlangıcında mühendisler meselesi olduğunu çabucak öğrendiler ve
kendilerini tamamen kârlı bir şekilde çalışan başlıca tahıl arazilerini Orta Doğu’nun büyük
aygıtlar yapmaya adadılar, fakat güvenliğine nehirleri boyunca işlediler.
hiç önem vermediler.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

46. Severe frost is a great threat to organisms, as 48. Karnabahar ve brokoli gibi sebzeler, vücudun
the cold causes enzymes and cell membranes kafeini daha hızlı parçalamasına yardımcı olur,
to function poorly. bu nedenle aşırı kafein alımı hâlinde bunları
tüketmek makul olacaktır.
A) Şiddetli don organizmalar için büyük bir
tehdittir, çünkü soğuk, enzimlerin ve hücre A) As vegetables like cauliflower and broccoli help
zarlarının zayıf bir şekilde çalışmasına neden the body break down caffeine faster, it will be
olur. wise to consume them when caffeine is taken
B) Şiddetli donun, organizmalar için büyük bir excessively.
tehdit oluşturmasının sebebi, enzimlerin ve B) In case of excessive caffeine intake, it will be
hücre zarlarının soğukta zayıf bir şekilde wise to consume vegetables like cauliflower
çalışmasıdır. and broccoli because they help the body by
C) Organizmalar için büyük bir tehdit yaratan breaking down caffeine faster.
şiddetli don ve soğuk, enzimlerin ve hücre C) Vegetables like cauliflower and broccoli help
zarlarının zayıf bir şekilde çalışmasına neden the body break down caffeine faster, so it will
olur. be wise to consume them in case of excessive
D) Enzimler ve hücre zarları soğukta zayıf bir caffeine intake.
şekilde çalışır ve şiddetli don organizmalar için D) In case of excessive caffeine intake,
büyük bir tehdit oluşturur. consuming vegetables like cauliflower and
E) Soğuk, enzimlerin ve hücre zarlarının zayıf bir broccoli will be quite wise as they help the
şekilde çalışmasına neden olur, bu yüzden body break down caffeine faster.
şiddetli don organizmalar için büyük bir E) The body breaks down caffeine faster when
tehdittir. vegetables like cauliflower and broccoli are
consumed, so it will be wise to consume them
if caffeine is taken excessively.

47. The availability of information about products

on the Internet, as long as it is well-organised
and easy to access, is an important reason why
some consumers prefer shopping online.
A) İnternette ürünlerle ilgili bilgi mevcuttur ve bu 49. 1862 yılında, Louis Pasteur, süt 70 dereceye
bilgi iyi bir şekilde düzenlenmişse ve erişimi kadar ısıtılırsa içindeki bakterilerilerin öleceğini
kolaysa, bazı tüketiciler İnternette alışveriş ve bu nedenle sütün daha uzun süre muhafaza
yapmayı tercih ederler. edilebileceğini kanıtladı.
B) Bazı tüketicilerin İnternette alışveriş yapmayı A) 1862 was the year when Louis Pasteur proved
tercih etmelerinin önemli bir sebebi, İnternette that if milk was heated up to 70°C, the bacteria
ürünlerle ilgili bilginin mevcut olması ve bu in it would be killed, and therefore it could be
bilginin iyi düzenlenmiş ve erişiminin kolay kept longer.
olmasıdır.
B) What Louis Pasteur proved in 1862 was that if
C) İyi düzenlenmiş ve erişimi kolay olduğu sürece milk was heated up to 70°C, this would kill the
İnternette ürünlerle ilgili bilginin mevcut olması, bacteria it contained, and thus the milk could
bazı tüketicilerin İnternette alışveriş yapmayı be kept longer.
tercih etmesinin önemli bir sebebidir.
C) In 1862, Louis Pasteur proved that if milk was
D) İnternette ürünlerle ilgili mevcut olan bilgi iyi heated up to 70°C, the bacteria in it would die,
düzenlenmiş ve erişimi kolay olduğunda, bu and therefore the milk could be kept longer.
durum tüketicilerin İnternette alışveriş yapmayı
tercih etmesi için önemli bir neden olarak D) Demonstrating that the bacteria milk contained
görülür. would die if it was heated up to 70°C, Louis
Pasteur, in 1862, proved that the milk could be
E) Ürünlerle ilgili bilginin İnternette yer alması, kept longer.
bazı tüketicilerin İnternette alışveriş yapmayı
tercih etmelerinin önemli bir nedenidir, ancak E) In 1862, Louis Pasteur proved that milk would
bu bilgi iyi düzenlenmiş ve erişimi kolay be kept longer provided that it was heated up
olmalıdır. to 70°C to kill the bacteria it contained.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

50. Nörologlar tarafından yeni geliştirilen bir çip, 52. Büyük patlama kuramını destekleyen sağlam
beynin anatomic yapılarını kopyalamaya bilimsel kanıtlar vardır, ancak henüz
çalışmak yerine, insan zihninin bilişsel kanıtlanmamış pek çok detay ve cevaplanmamış
becerilerini taklit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. pek çok soru da bulunmaktadır.
A) The aim of the chip recently developed by A) Although there are many details yet unproven
neurologists is to mimic the cognitive abilities and many questions still unanswered, there is
of the human mind rather than replicating the solid scientific evidence to support the Big
anatomical structures of the brain. Bang theory.
B) A chip recently developed by neurologists aims B) While there is solid scientific evidence to
to mimic the cognitive abilities of the human support the Big Bang theory, there are also
mind instead of trying to replicate the many details yet unproven and many questions
anatomical structures of the brain. still unanswered.
C) A chip recently developed by neurologists not C) Despite the presence of solid scientific
only tries to replicate the anatomical structures evidence to support it, the Big Bang theory still
of the brain, but also aims to mimic the has many details unproven and many
cognitive abilities of the human mind. questions unanswered.
D) Trying to replicate the anatomical structures of D) There is solid scientific evidence supporting
the brain, a chip recently developed by the Big Bang theory, however, there are also
neurologists aims to mimic the cognitive many details yet unproven and many questions
abilities of the human mind. still unanswered.
E) A chip that aims to mimic the cognitive abilities E) The big Bang theory has many details yet
of the human mind instead of trying to replicate unproven and many questions still
the anatomical structures of the brain has been unanswered, but there is solid scientific
recently developed by neurologists. evidence to support it.

51. Çöller çorak olabilir, ancak hem uzun kuraklıklar 53. Hücre klonlamanın amacı, belirli hücre türlerinin
boyunca hem de nadir bir yağış sonrasında pek bilimsel araştırmalar için kullanılabilecek pek
çok bitki ve hayvanın yuvasıdır. çok kopyasını üretmektir.
A) Deserts may be barren during the long A) Producing many copies of certain types of cells
droughts, but after a rare rainfall, they are that can be used for scientific research is one
home to a wide range of plants and animals. of the purposes of cell coining.
B) Even barren deserts may be home to many B) The purpose of cell cloning is to produce many
plants and animals, both during the long copies of certain types of cells, as they are
droughts and after a rare rainfall. used for scientific research.
C) Although deserts may be barren, they are C) The aim of cell cloning is to produce many
home to a number of plants and animals during copies of certain types of cells, and these
the long droughts and after a rare rainfall. copies can be used for scientific research.
D) Deserts, even if barren, are home to both D) The purpose of cell cloning is to produce many
plants and animals during the long droughts copies of certain types of cells that can be
and after a rare rainfall. used for scientific research.
E) Deserts may be barren, but they are home to E) Cell cloning aims to produce many copies of
many plants and animals, both during the long certain types of cells so that they can be used
droughts and after a rare rainfall. in scientific research.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

56. Dissolved oxygen is the amount of oxygen

54. - 59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada present in fresh water, such as a stream, or
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için freshwater lake. A certain amount of dissolved
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. oxygen is required to sustain fish, animals, and
other aquatic life ------ These include fish being
54. Suspension bridges have many advantages killed and loss of aquatic ecosystems.
over other kinds of bridges because of their A) The oxygen is refilled through several
design. For one thing, they can span great mechanisms, one being the simple diffusion of
distances. The longest suspension bridge in the oxygen from the atmosphere into the
the world is the Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge in Japan, water.
covering an impressive 12,831 feet ------ For
example, if the deck of the bridge is too thin, it B) Since most aquatic organisms need oxygen to
can lose its stability in heavy winds and shake live, it is important to maintain dissolved
itself to pieces, which is what happened to the oxygen in water.
Tacoma Narrows Bridge in the United States in C) Any decrease in dissolved oxygen can cause
1940. changes, usually negative, in an aquatic
system.
A) The first suspension bridge is considered to
have been constructed in the 7th century BC by D) Determining the amount of dissolved oxygen in
Mayans. an aquatic system aids in the measurement of
biochemical oxidation.
B) This $3.3 billion bridge, which took 12 years to
build, is seen as a great engineering E) Dissolved minerals such as magnesium and
masterpiece. calcium contribute to the hardness of water.
C) Furthermore, the wonderful design of these
structures can make you wonder how they stay
up.
D) However, suspension bridges require careful
design and planning to avoid any undesirable
consequences.
E) A suspension bridge hangs from steel cables
that are supported by towers at each end.

57. Species have evolved throughout the course of

55. The sun’s heat energy passes easily through natural history, and the fossil record is filled
glass and warms the room beyond, which with evidence of extinctions, some of which
means windows make ideal solar collectors. have been sudden and catastrophic. Ecologists
For maximum capture of solar energy, a house believe that we are in such an era of rapid
needs large south-facing windows ----- Even if it species extinctions today ----- For example, the
cannot be oriented precisely north-south, it is spotted owl is endangered by overharvesting of
still possible to harness a good percentage of gold-growth forests in the United Kingdom, and
the sun’s energy. Also, to adapt an existing the bald eagle has been nearly rendered extinct
house, there are several options. For instance, in the United States outside of Alaska due to
bigger windows on southfacing walls could be poisoning with pesticides.
installed. A) Species biodiversity has a number of health
A) The type of glass in your windows determines benefits for humans.
how efficiently solar energy is captured. B) Enacted in 1973, the Endangered Species Act
B) In new construction, this is easy to achieve by emerged to protect wildlife in the United states.
siting the house accordingly. C) Using fossil records to determine which
C) The idea is to store heat and to radiate it back species became extinct is a well-established
after the sun has gone down. method.

D) The most efficient way to do this is with a heat D) The most prominent current cause is human
recovery ventilation system. activity, which brings about loss of habitat for
species and also causes pollution.
E) The sun is fantastic source of costless heat
that can be harnessed very simply. E) The protection of endangered species is a very
complex and challenging task.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

58. Cold storage through refrigeration or freezing

makes it possible to extend both the seasons of 60. - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
harvest and the geographic area in which a okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
product is available ----- But now, modern cold bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
storage technology makes virtually any product
available year-round on a global basis. Other 60. (I) The name ‘reptiles’ refers collectively to a
technologies have been combined with confused mixture of different animals, such as,
refrigeration to further improve this availability, turtles, crocodiles, lizards, and snakes, that are not
such as a sealed room where the air is modified birds or mammals. (II) The antique scientific
to increase its nitrogen content to keep food concept reptilia promotes misperception and
fresh. misunderstanding of history and the diversity of
some vertebrates. (III) The term ‘reptile’ is now a
A) Time and temperature are the key factors that deeply established popular name rather than a
determine how well foods can retain their scientific one. (IV) For much of the later 19th and
properties. most of the 20th century, reptilia was taken to mean
B) The next step in the cold storage food chain is a group composed of the ancestors of living
transport by railroad cars, trucks, airplanes, or reptiles. (V) Similarly, the ancestors of all mammals
boats. and birds were taken under the term reptilia.
C) Refrigerated warehouses maintain the A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
temperatures required to assure maintenance
of quality.
D) Food that is placed in cold storage is protected
from the degradation that is caused by
microorganisms.
E) Food products were previously grown locally
and had to be marketed within a short period of
time.

59. Flash floods are floods that occur extremely 61. (I) One can usually see rainbows after summer
quickly, usually within several minutes or rains, early in the morning or late in the afternoon,
hours. They cause streams and rivers to rise when the son is low. (II) Diamond-shaped glass
rapidly and wash over the land, destroying objects, mirrors or other transparent items can also
almost everything in their path. Their be used to form a rainbow. (III) Raindrops act as tiny
destructiveness is based on several factors, prisms and disperse the white sunlight into the form of
including rainfall intensity, duration, surface a large beautiful arch composed of visible colours. (IV)
conditions, and slope of the area ------ Mountain To see these colours, one must be located between
regions are also prone to flash flooding, and the sun and raindrops forming an arc in the sky. (V)
even deserts and arid regions are vulnerable to When sunlight enters the raindrops at the proper
flash floods, since many dry regions are known angle, it is refracted by the raindrops, then reflected
for intense thunderstorms which can produce a back at an angle that creates a rainbow.
lot of rainwater in a short time. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) Flash floods are very unpredictable and can
occur at any time of the year.
B) Floodwaters can carry a great deal of sediment
and debris, coating the inside and outside of a
building.
C) Flash flooding is considered to be the main
reason for deaths associated with
thunderstorms, especially when they occur at
night.
D) The destructive potential of flood currents is
tremendous as they can cause massive
amounts of erosion.
E) Urban areas are the most susceptible to flash
floods, since a high percentage of the surface
area cannot absorb water.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

62. (I) Dominique-François-Jean Arago was the leading 64. (I) Earth’s major terrestrial, marine, and freshwater
French astronomer for the first half of the 19th ecosystems are known as biomes. (II) Significant
century. (II) Among Arago’s achievements in changes in the global environment and climate are
astronomy is his discovery of the Sun’s causing major shifts in some biomes. (III) They are
chromosphere. (III) The chromosphere is the thin and classified according to similarities in species
usually transparent layer of the Sun’s atmosphere. composition of plants and animals, and by
(IV) He also offered a pioneering explanation for the environmental attributes. (IV) These include
twinkling of stars. (V) In addition, Arago conducted temperature, precipitation, and soil type in terrestrial
research that helped lead one of his assistants, biomes and temperature, depth, and salinity in
Urbain Jean Joseph Leverrier, to discover the planet aquatic biomes. (V) However, there are no hard
Neptune. boundaries between biomes and there is much
intermixing of species between them.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

65. (I) After 1890, the development, manufacture, and

63. (I) It is estimated that sales of genetically modified use of glass increased so rapidly as to be almost
(GM) seed in 2015 amounted to $15.3bn. (II) This revolutionary. (II) The science and engineering of
was grown in over 20 countries on an area greater glass as a material are now so much better
than 440 million acres – more than a 100-fold understood that glass can be tailored to meet an
increase since 1996. (III) In 2015, the top five exact need. (III) Machinery has been developed for
countries in order of area of GM crops cultivated were precise, continuous manufacture of sheet glass,
the USA, Brazil, Argentina, India and Canada. (IV) In tubing, containers, bulbs, and a host of other
contrast, only about 290,000 acres were grown in products. (IV) In the early 1800s, the greatest
the EU; all were an insect-resistant variety of maize. demand was for window glass. (V) New methods of
(V) Miami was the first to announce that specific cutting, welding, sealing, and tempering have also led
genes could be introduced into plant cells, and then to the use of glass in completely new fields.
whole plants could be generated with only a single
altered characteristic. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

67. According to the passage, Fertilo believes that

66. - 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre Mount Etna ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) had its largest and most devastating eruption
One of the most famous volcanoes may be in 2011
misunderstood. Carmelo Fertilo, a geologist from B) erupts ten times more lava than gas
Italy, believes the material feeding Mount Etna’s
cone is mostly water, so it is effectively a giant hot C) includes some of the characteristics of a hot
spring. However, most geologists are unconvinced. spring
Mount Etna is almost always active. It may have D) is the most unpredictable volcano on Earth
spewed 70 million tonnes of lava in 2011 alone. E) can remain inactive for long periods of time
What really puzzles the Italian geologist is that Etna
also discharges more than 7 million tonnes of
steam, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide every
year. The normal explanation is that gas bubbles
out of magma as it moves up the volcano’s vent.
However, Fertilo claims that Etna would need to
erupt ten times more lava than it does to account for
all the gas. He also argues that Etna is not just fed
by magma. He states that its deep plumbing system
could hold lots of water, carbon dioxide and sulphur
dioxide, making up about 70 percent of the material
feeding the volcano. According to Fertilo, such a
system is closer to a spring rather than a volcano.
However, according to Kayla lacovino, there are
simpler alternatives. She has argued that the
excess gas could come from deep molten rock that
does not enter Etna.

66. It can be understood from the passage that 68. Which could be the best title for this passage?
most geologists ----.
A) The Eruptions of Mount Etna Throughout
A) doubt Fertilo’s arguments about Mount Etna History
B) have misunderstood Fertilo’s claims about B) Excess Gas in Mount Etna
Mount Etna C) What Really Feeds Mount Etna
C) agree with lacovino as well as Fertilo
D) Why is Mount Etna Always Active?
D) claim that Mount Etna is a hot spring E) The Most Famous Volcanoes on Earth
E) try to provide new findings to support their own
claims
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

70. According to the passage, stem cells ----.

69. - 71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) are cells that do not have the ability to multiply
B) are composed of various cells that have
The science behind growing meat without animals is different functions
fairly simple. Growing the cells that from cultured
meat is not hugely different from other ‘cell culture’ C) have the ability to transform into different cells
methods that biologists have used to study cells in a muscle
since the early 1900s. The process starts with a few D) need to be attached to other cells to form living
‘satellite’ cells, which can be obtained from a small tissues
sample of muscle taken from a live animal. These E) decrease in number at the end of the
are stem cells that can turn into the different cells production process
found in muscle. Just one cell could, in theory, be
used to grow an infinite amount of meat. When fed a
nutrient-rich serum, the cells turn into muscle cells
and proliferate, doubling in number roughly every
few days. After the cells have multiplied, they are
encouraged to form strips, much like how muscle
cells form fibres in living tissue. These fibres are
attached to a sponge-like scaffold that floods the
fibres with nutrients and mechanically stretches
them, ‘exercising’ the muscle cells to increase their
size and protein content. The resulting tissue can
then be harvested, seasoned cooked and consumed
as boneless processed meat.

69. It is clearly stated in the passage that ----. 71. The passage is mainly about ----.

A) it is not a must to have a sample cell from a A) the advances in human cell production under
living animal to produce meat scientific intervention
B) studying cells is a relatively new concept in B) the reasons why cell production may not be
the current decade practical for common use
C) producing meat from a muscle cell in a lab is C) different types of cell culture methods used by
quite a complicated process biologists since the early 1900s
D) the first step in creating meat is to double the D) an alternative way of growing meat through
number of muscle cells unconventional means
E) growing meat without animals is a process E) some steps followed by scientists to cure
similar to other cell culture methods animal diseases by producing cells
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

73. The problem with the Aswan High Dam is that

72. - 74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) it cannot provide enough electricity
River systems are completely changed when dams B) it has a negative impact on the currents in the
are built. The main reason is obvious: dams block Mediterranean Sea
the channels, altering the water’s direction by
decreasing or increasing the amount of water that C) it is reducing the size of the Nile delta
flows through the channel – the defined pathway the D) the people in the Nile region are still facing
water follows. In turn, this modifies or completely problems with irrigation
changes the river’s erosional and depositional E) sediment is flooding in from the Mediterranean
characteristics, thus changing the channel’s Sea
landscape and affecting the local environment.
Although there are good reasons for dams (mainly
to stop flooding in populated areas), there are often
just as many potential problems. One in particular is
the erosion that occurs just below the main structure
holding back the water. Because sediment is no
longer transported within the water (the load is
dropped in the reservoir), the water from the
spillway often erodes the channel immediately
below. Another problem can also arise from the fact
that because there is less sediment load, there is
also less of a delta being formed at the mouth of a
river. For example, the Aswan High Dam along the
Nile River in Egypt was finished in 1966, primarily to
provide electricity and irrigation. But the water is
dammed up in a lake about 280 kilometers long,
and this is starving the Nile delta of sediments. Sea
are carrying away more sediment than the river can
replenish and causing the delta to slowly erode
away.

72. According to the passage, dams ----. 74. The underlined word in the passage ‘replenish’
is closest in meaning to ----.
A) do not affect erosional characteristics of a river
as much as depositional ones A) reduce
B) provide more beneficial than harmful effects to B) ruin
the local environment C) renew
C) may adversely affect river systems and the D) resist
local environment
E) restrict
D) can stop flooding but have no other real
benefits
E) generally increase the amount of water that
flows through channels
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

76. It is stated in the passage that it is a challenge

75. - 77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre for many teachers to ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) prepare students for high-tech careers
An 11-year-old boy taps furiously on a laptop, hiding B) adapt themselves to technological changes
from enemies as he runs through a city. They catch
him before he reaches safety – game over. C) use videogames effectively in class
Frustrated, he opens the game’s programming D) attract and keep students’ attention and
window, adjusts the settings, and his time gets past interest
the bullies. Victory! This could be the future of E) help students gain new learning strategies
American education. ‘The Quest to Learn’ school
opened last September in Manhattan, welcoming
the first class of sixth-graders who will learn almost
entirely through videogame-inspired activities, an
educational strategy developed to keep kids
engaged and prepare them for high-tech careers.
For many years, videogames have outperformed
teachers in one key way: They are exceptionally
good at engaging kids, which is, in fact, a serious
problem for teachers. Videogames drop kids into
complex problems where they fail and fail, but they
try again and again. When kids face tough problems
in school, however, they sometimes just give up,
which is why only a third of eight-graders earn
proficient math scores on national assessment
tests. The educators behind ‘The Quest to Learn’
school hope that videogame-based lessons will help
to overcome that problem.

75. According to the passage, the introduction of 77. The reason why many eight-graders cannot get
videogame-based lessons into American proficient math scores is that they ----.
education system ----.
A) spend too much time playing videogames
A) will dramatically help students to find the B) tend to give up when they face a challenge
easiest way to overcome their problems
C) are given very complex math problems to solve
B) will encourage many students to have high-
tech careers D) mostly take videogame-based lessons that are
not aimed at improving their math skills
C) is necessary to help students adjust to
technology E) are not adequately prepared by their teachers
D) will assist children in dealing with bullies
E) may negatively affect students’ self-confidence
since they can fall several times
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL FEN – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

78. - 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre

cevaplayınız. 79. According to the critics of Copenhill, ----.
A) waiting until 2050 to start seeing the possible
With its flat landscape, Copenhagen is an unlikely benefits promised by the new facility is far too
ski destination. But an innovate project called long
Copenhill aims to pair recreation with renewable
energy. Copenhill is a massive facility in the city’s B) the other waste-burning facility is more efficient
industrial area that converts trash to electricity, even though it cannot control its carbon dioxide
providing power for 30,000 homes in Copenhagen emission
and heat for more than twice that number. The new C) it may not be possible to convert trash to
structure will eventually include an urban ski park, a electricity if an urban ski park is integrated into
climbing wall, and a cafe on its roof with an the facility
attractive city view. Copenhill is 25 percent more
D) the facility is going to result in methane
efficient than the other waste-burning facility in
increases in landfills, which will ruin the
Copenhagen and will be able to control its own
environment
carbon dioxide emission, in line with Denmark’s
ambitious goal to become carbon-neutral by 2050. E) recycling waste in order to produce power is
The idea of burning garbage has its critics, who say not reasonable because it promotes high
waste-to-energy facilities merely reinforce excessive consumption
consumerism. But in 2018, Copenhill processed
almost 500,000 tons of garbage. That is better than
filling up landfills, which are potent sources of
methane – a greenhouse gas that can ruin the
prospect of anyone’s enjoyment.

78. According to the passage, Copenhill ----. 80. What is the author’s attitude towards
A) will be able to power thousands of homes in Copenhill?
many cities across Denmark once construction A) Supportive
is complete
B) Critical
B) will provide several recreational opportunities
in the future, such as skiing, climbing and C) Doubtful
enjoying the city view D) Neutral
C) will probably not include a cafe at its roof due E) Ignorant
to high amounts of carbon dioxide in
Copenhagen
D) was built in its current location as it is important
to construct recycling facilities in flat areas
E) will stop functioning as a recycling facility when TEST BİTTİ.
an urban ski park is built CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

2020 / 1 YÖKDİL FEN CEVAP ANAHTARI

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 D 21 C 41 B 61 B
2 B 22 B 42 B 62 C
3 C 23 E 43 A 63 E
4 A 24 D 44 D 64 B
5 D 25 E 45 A 65 D
6 A 26 C 46 A 66 A
7 C 27 C 47 C 67 C
8 A 28 E 48 C 68 C
9 E 29 A 49 C 69 E
10 C 30 A 50 B 70 C
11 D 31 B 51 E 71 D
12 D 32 A 52 D 72 C
13 C 33 A 53 D 73 C
14 C 34 C 54 D 74 C
15 C 35 D 55 B 75 B
16 A 36 A 56 C 76 D
17 E 37 A 57 D 77 B
18 C 38 E 58 E 78 B
19 D 39 C 59 E 79 E
20 A 40 A 60 C 80 A
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK TEST OF ENGLISH 1 Mart 2020

This test consists of 80 questions.

6. If patients in the US tell their doctors they

1. - 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere cannot afford their medication, the doctors will
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. work to ----- viable strategies so that they can
get their drugs.
1. Chronic-pain sufferers can use creams which A) come up with B) get along with
are made with the same hot substance that is
in chilli peppers, but they have to use them C) cut down on D) run out of
daily as it takes about a week to feel any ----.
E) fall behind with
A) weak B) necessity
C) regret D) relief
E) complaint

2. Diabetes mellitus is among the most common

chronic diseases, affecting over 6 percent of
the adult population in Western societies, and 7. - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
its ----- is rising dramatically worldwide. uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) prevalence B) deficiency
7. You ---- stretching many times, but you ----- of it
C) admiration D) limitation
is a key part of your workout, as stretching for
E) convenience 10-15 minutes post-workout relieves sore
muscles.

3. Getting eight hours of sleep each night is ---- A) must have skipped / could have thought
for skin and well-being, as it resets stress B) should have skipped / have to think
hormones like cortisol and repairs your
complexion. C) might have skipped / would have thought
A) exhausting B) crucial D) may have skipped / should think
C) disastrous D) preventive E) could have skipped / used to think
E) offensive

4. With advances in medical treatment and living

conditions, life expectancy for some people
with disabilities has risen ----- and is only
slightly lower than that of the general
population.
A) miserably B) severely
8. In 2014, the US confirmed 125 cases of measles
C) intuitively D) conventionally
and declared that nearly half of the victims ----
E) dramatically against measles, so it seems the reason of the
outbreak ----- America’s growing anti-
vaccination movement.
5. If you sleep for just six hours, you are likely to
be 59 percent more dehydrated as you could A) have not been vaccinated / is
be short of vasopressin, the hormone that ---- B) had not been vaccinated / was
hydration, released later in the sleep cycle.
C) were not vaccinated / will be
A) threatens B) destroys
D) will not be vaccinated / has been
C) abandons D) regulates
E) are not vaccinated / had been
E) resists
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

9. Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster 13. body cells come in many different shapes
virus and is transmitted through close contact and sizes, they all share the same basic parts.
---- an infected person, and if you have never
had chickenpox or been immunised ------ it, you A) As long as B) Provided that
can still get in your lifetime. C) Although D) Because
A) by / under B) on / in E) Just as
C) at / about D) with / against
E) from / towards

14. there are numerous dimensions to hearing,

10. If salt consumption is high, the body retains audiologists most commonly measure hearing
water to dilute the high concentrations of loss in terms of sound intensity.
sodium, which in turn increases the volume of
blood ----- the bloodstream and puts more A) Even if B) Once
pressure ------the heart and blood vessels. C) By the time D) Since
A) over / by B) in / on E) Given that
C) at / about D) from / along
E) to / for

15. in conventional medicine, people

11. The nervous system directs the functions of diagnosed with the same condition will
the body, both voluntary and involuntary, ---- generally be given the same medicine, in
an intricate network of specialised cells called homeopathy the remedy given to a patient may
neurons which convey information ----- the depend on a whole host of other factors, such
form of electrochemical messages. as state of mind and lifestyle.

A) with / around B) for / at A) Since B) Now that

C) from / to D) along / on C) Whereas D) So long as

E) through / in E) Only if

12. Body mass index has long been used to

measure obesity and health risk ------ it cannot
explain why an overweight person might be 16. According to many dieticians, the diet or light
healthy or why a seemingly healthy person yogurts should be avoided ----- they are
might get heart disease or diabetes. sweetened with aspartame, a chemical whose
safety in food is questionable.
A) as B) thus
A) so that B) even if
C) otherwise D) for example
C) since D) unless
E) yet
E) until
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

17. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, a

brain imaging technique that registers blood 21. - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
flow to functioning areas of the brain, shows numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
what the brain is doing ----- how it looks. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

A) as well as B) in case of
At some point in the future, Italian neurosurgeon
C) such as D) in the absence of Sergio Canavero and a team of 100 surgeons hope to
graft the head of patient Valery Spiridonov onto the
E) on behalf of
body of a brain-dead donor in the world’s first head
transplant operation. The surgery has already been
planned in (21) ---- detail. Some steps have already
been individually tested, like the cooling of organs
and body tissues, (22) ----others represent a new
challenge for the doctors. The patient will not be
conscious during the operation: after being placed
under general anaesthetic, the head is cooled (23)----
a cooling cap to 10°C. This puts brain activity on hold.
18. Human longevity climbed in the 20th century---- It is only reactivated when the warm blood (24) ---- the
changes in public health policies and donor’s body begins to flow through to the donor’s
advances in medical practice. brain. The Iymphatic system will also be connected to
the new body. The patient will have to take
A) contrary to B) rather than
immunosuppressant drugs after the operation (25)----
C) despite D) except for the risk of rejection. Canavero’s trickiest task will be
to cleanly separate the backbone and spinal cord
E) as a result of before connecting it to the spine of the donor body so
that the nerve fibres can be fused together.

21.
A) faulty B) tough
C) precise D) protective
E) trivial
19. Aesthetic surgery is a modern phenomenon
that demands------a set of specific technical
innovations in surgery ----- a cultural 22.
presupposition that you have the right to alter A) as though B) given that
your body.
C) once D) in case
A) as / as B) the more / the less E) while
C) not only / but also D) such / that
E) no sooner / than 23.
A) except for B) by means of
C) rather than D) prior to
E) in addition to

24.
A) among B) off
20. UV rays quite damaging to our health, so C) above D) from
experts recommend outdoor activities for
E) against
earlier in the morning or during the afternoon -
--- the exposure is lower.
A) what B) when 25.
A) to lower B) having been lowered
C) where D) which
C) to have lowered D) to be lowered
E) why
E) being lowered
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıda ki parçada 31. - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
31. Once the diagnosis of appendicitis is made and
the decision has been made to perform an
Stretch marks are a type of scar. When skin is appendectomy, ----.
stretched or wounded, new collagen fibres from at the
stressed spots as part of the healing process, leaving A) patients are allowed to eat when the stomach
marks behind. There is no definite way to prevent and intestines begin to function again after the
these marks and scars, and they are difficult to get rid surgery
of (26)----.Some remedies, (27) --- , promise to reduce
B) many patients with severe gastroenteritis will
their size or appearance or to erase them altogether. have symptoms suggesting acute appendicitis
The makers of creams, body oils and serums claim
that their active ingredients will shrink scars or C) the patient undergoes the standard preparation
prevent and fade stretch marks. (28) ----more severe for an operation, which usually takes one to
cases, plastic surgery can be the only solution. Plastic two hours
surgeons cut out an old scar, leaving a new, neater D) complications are rare after appendectomy
scar that (29) ---- with a treatment like laser therapy because the abdominal wall is strong in the
later on. There are numerous patients who have area of the operation
managed to get rid of their scars (30)---- plastic
surgery. E) appendicitis is generally defined as painful
swelling of the appendix that can be very
serious
26.
A) poorly B) severely
C) entirely D) previously
32. , but this glimpse into the gut is one of the
E) vividly most powerful existing weapons against colon
cancer.
27. A) A family history of colon cancer always calls for
early screening
A) similarly B) however
B) Doctors are well aware that no one looks
C) in other words D) in short forward to having colonoscopy
E) for instance C) Men with no history of colon cancer should
start being checked before 45
28. D) Both genetics and habits are held responsible
for colon cancer
A) From B) On
E) Guidelines for colonoscopies are becoming
C) Over D) In patient-oriented
E) To

29.
33. While the mouth initiates the digestive process
A) must have been eliminated with chewing, ----.
B) had to be eliminated
A) the saliva also contains an enzyme called
C) used to be eliminated ptyalin, or salivary amylase
D) should have been eliminated B) the salivary glands produce saliva to wet down
the food for digestion
E) can be eliminated
C) a large group of unchewed food may also give
harm to the stomach
30. D) all enzymes are sensitive to the level of acid in
A) in terms of B) similar to their environment
C) such as D) thanks to E) chewing contributes a lot to the digestion
process
E) as well as
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

34. , the disease is only controlled through 37. Women suffer from Alzheimer’s disease more
continual vaccination since the virus is not yet than men ----.
completely eradicated.
A) because they live longer and it gets more
A) Before a significant reduction in the incidence common with age
of measles was noted in 1963 thanks to B) since it prevents the brain from functioning
vaccination normally
B) Although some believe that the war against C) although this stressful condition affects
measles was won long ago women’s quality of life
C) If measles were not a big threat for people in D) while it attacks and gradually destroys parts of
developing countries the brain
D) As long as scientists continue their studies to E) as long as they respond to some medication
eradicate measles differently
E) Because those infected with measles have
small red spots on their bodies

35. Although Henry Maudsley, in the late 1800s,

was the first psychiatrist to focus on very
young children with autism, ----. 38. During the winter, most people suffer from
A) many families with an autistic child also had seasonal affective disorder, a mental condition
one or more neurotypical children characterised by major mood changes, ----.

B) he believed that parents of these children were A) while it is a disorder that makes people feel
emotionally cold and distant sad and tired throughout the winter
C) it was Leo Kanner who coined the phrase B) even if the change in light levels causes
‘early infantile autism’ in 1943 alterations in the brain
D) he claimed that parental personality played a C) seeing that is likely to be caused by bio-
powerful role in their development psycho-socio factors
E) he introduced the term ‘refrigerator parents’ to D) but it is not necessarily confined to this period
describe their parents of reduced sunlight
E) although the symptoms are linked to the
changing patterns of sunlight

36. The modern medical use of morphine, extracted

from the poppy flower, began shortly after it
was first chemically isolated in the early 1800s -
---.
A) while it works directly on the central nervous
system, binding to opioid receptors on nerve
cells in the brain, spinal cord and gut 39. , avocados, in fact, contain naturally good
B) whereas morphine can have severe side fats, such as monounsaturated fat.
effects and can be both physically and A) Although a diet enriched with avocados
psychologically addictive actually lowers bad LDL cholesterol
C) although the pain-killing and euphoric effects of B) While it is true that fat makes up 75 percent of
the plant have been familiar to many societies the calories in the fruit
since around 4000 BC
C) Once they increase levels of the good HDL
D) only when its use tends to be restricted to cholesterol by 11 percent
treating severe pain, such as the acute pain of
serious injury, or the chronic pain D) If people eat half an avocado for their lunch on
a daily basis
E) since authorities have to impose severe
restrictions on its sale to prevent misuse and E) Supposing that avocados show no sign of
consequent problems elevating a person’s blood sugar
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

40. , many previously fatal infectious diseases

could be controlled. 42. - 53. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
A) While penicillin is still effective against a range cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
of bacteria bulunuz.
B) Although penicillin inspired the search for
many more antibiotics 42. It is possible for people to get most nutrients
C) Once mass production of penicillin began in they need from a balanced diet, though vegans
the 1940s may need to take supplements or fortified foods.
D) Given that Alexander Fleming had discovered A) İnsanların dengeli beslenme yoluyla
penicillin accidentally edinebilmeleri mümkün olan birçok besini,
E) Before scientists knew that penicillin kills veganlar ancak ek gıda veya içeriği
bacteria through interference güçlendirilmiş yiyeceklerle alabilirler.
B) Dengeli beslenme insanların besin
ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasını mümkün kılsa da,
veganlar ek gıda veya içeriği güçlendirilmiş
yiyeceklere ihtiyaç duyabilirler.
C) İnsanların dengeli beslenme sonucu ihtiyaç
duyabilecekleri birçok besini almaları
mümkündür, ancak buna rağmen veganların
ek gıda veya içeriği güçlendirilmiş öğünler
tüketmeye ihtiyaçları vardır.
D) İnsanların ihtiyaç duydukları besinlerin
çoğunu dengeli beslenme ile alabilmeleri
mümkündür, fakat veganların ek gıda veya
içeriği güçlendirilmiş yiyecekler tüketmeleri
gerekebilir.
E) Dengeli beslenme insanların besin
ihtiyaçlarının çoğunu karşılamasını mümkün
kılar, ancak veganların ek gıda veya içeriği
güçlendirilmiş yiyecekler tüketmeleri gerekir.

43. The stages of language development are

universal for all humans; however, the age and
the pace at which a child reaches each stage of
41. Support systems for people with developmental language development vary greatly.
disabilities are often based on the idea of A) Bir çocuğun tüm insanlar için evrensel olan dil
helping them to attain the greatest level of gelişiminin her bir aşamasına hangi yaşta ve
independence possible ----. hızda eriştiği konusunda büyük farklılıklar vardır.
A) since many adults with developmental B) Dil gelişiminin aşamaları tüm insanlar için
disabilities live with family members or evrensel olmasına rağmen bir çocuğun eriştiği
roommates who can provide assistance her bir dil gelişimi aşaması, yaş ve hız
B) so that they can maintain quality of life and bakımından büyük değişiklik gösterir.
make positive contributions to the society in C) Dil gelişiminin her bir aşamasına hangi yaşta
which they live ve hızda erişildiği konusunda çocuklar
C) although recent research has shown that early arasında farklılıklar bulunmaktadır, ancak dil
intervention has a positive effect for many gelişiminin aşamaları tüm insanlar için
disabilities evrenseldir.
D) even if the support programme of one with a D) Dil gelişiminin aşamaları tüm insanlar için
developmental disability is at the appropriate evrenseldir, ancak bir çocuğun dil gelişiminin
level for him or her her bir aşamasına eriştiği yaş ve hız büyük
ölçüde değişiklik göstermektedir.
E) while these systems help those with
developmental disabilities perform their daily E) Tüm insanlar için evrensel olan dil gelişimi
activities with ease aşamaları, bir çocuğun bu aşamaların her
birine eriştiği yaş ve hız bakımından büyük
değişiklik göstermektedir.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

44. Unhealthy nails may be the result of a local 46. Manufacturers guarantee that their products
injury, fungal infection, nail biting or a are safe only until the expiration date, but a
deficiency of certain nutrients. study showed that more than 100 drugs are still
safe and effective at least one year afterward.
A) Sağlıksız tırnaklar; bölgesel yaralanma, mantar
enfeksiyonu, tırnak yeme veya belirli besinlerin A) Üreticiler sadece son kullanma tarihine kadar
eksikliğinin sonucu olabilir. ürünlerinin güvenli olduğunu garanti ederler,
B) Bölgesel yaralanma, mantar enfeksiyonu, ancak bir araştırma 100’den fazla ilacın, en az
tırnak yeme veya belirli besinlerin eksikliği, bir yıl sonra da hâlâ güvenli ve etkili olduğunu
sağlıksız tırnaklarla sonuçlanabilir. göstermiştir.

C) Bölgesel yaralanma, mantar enfeksiyonu, B) 100’den fazla ilacın en az bir yıl sonraya kadar
tırnak yeme veya belirli besinlerin eksikliğinin hâlâ güvenli ve etkili olduğunu gösteren bir
sonucunda sağlıksız tırnaklar ortaya çıkabilir. çalışma bulunsa da, üreticiler ürünlerinin
sadece son kullanma tarihine kadar güvenli
D) Bölgesel yaralanma, mantar enfeksiyonu, olduğunu garanti etmektedir.
tırnak yeme veya belirli besinlerin eksikliği
sonucunda sağlıksız tırnaklarla C) Üreticiler tarafından ürünlerinin sadece son
karşılaşılmaktadır. kullanma tarihine kadar güvenli olduğu garanti
edilse de, bir araştırma 100’den fazla ilacın, en
E) Bölgesel yaralanma, mantar enfeksiyonu, az bir yıl sonra da hâlâ güvenli ve etkili
tırnak yeme veya belirli besinlerin eksikliği, olduğunu göstermiştir.
sağlıksız tırnakların nedenleri arasındadır.
D) Üreticiler yalnızca son kullanma tarihine kadar
ilaçların güvenli olduğunu garanti etmektedir,
ancak bir araştırma tarafından 100’den fazla
ilacın en az bir yıl sonra bile hâlâ güvenli ve
etkili olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
45. The traditional Mediterranean diet, which is rich E) Bir araştırmada 100’den fazla ilacın en az bir
in vegies, fish and olive oil, falls short of your yıl sonrasına kadar hâlâ güvenli ve etkili
daily calcium requirements, so you should add olduğu ispat edilmiş olmasına rağmen,
dairy to your meals to strengthen your bones. üreticiler sadece son kullanma tarihine kadar
ürünlerinin güvenli olduğunu garanti ederler.
A) Geleneksel Akdeniz beslenme tarzı sebze,
balık ve zeytinyağı bakımından zengindir,
ancak günlük kalsiyum ihtiyacınızı
karşılayamadığından, kemiklerinizi
güçlendirmek için öğünlerinize süt ürünlerini
eklemelisiniz. 47. One of the active ingredients that was initially
B) Sebze, balık ve zeytinyağı bakımından zengin contained in the secret formula for coke and
olmasına rağmen günlük kalsiyum ihtiyacınızı got buyers addicted was removed in 1903 and
karşılayamayan geleneksel Akdeniz beslenme replaced with caffeine.
tarzı, kemiklerinizi güçlendirmek için
öğünlerinize süt ürünlerini eklemenizi A) Başlangıçta kolanın gizli formülünde bulunan
gerektirebilir. ve satın alanları bağımlı hale getiren etken
maddelerden biri, 1903’te çıkarıldı ve kafein ile
C) Sebze, balık ve zeytinyağı bakımından zengin değiştirildi.
olan geleneksel Akdeniz beslenme tarzı,
günlük kalsiyum ihtiyacınızı karşılamamaktadır; B) 1903 yılında, ilk zamanlar kolanın gizli
bu nedenle kemiklerinizi güçlendirmek için formülünde bulunan etken maddelerden biri,
öğünlerinize süt ürünlerini eklemelisiniz. satın alanları bağımlı hâle getirdiği için
çıkarılarak kafein ile değiştirildi.
D) Sebze, balık ve zeytinyağı bakımından zengin
olan geleneksel Akdeniz beslenme tarzında C) İlk zamanlar gizli formülünde satın alanları
kemiklerinizi güçlendirmek için öğünlerinize süt bağımlı hâle getiren bir etken madde olan kola,
ürünlerini eklemeniz gerekmektedir, çünkü bu 1903 yılında bunun yerine kafein ile üretildi.
beslenme tarzı günlük kalsiyum ihtiyacınızı D) Başlangıçta satın alanları bağımlı hâle getiren
karşılamamaktadır. etken bir madde ile üretilen kolanın gizli
E) Geleneksel Akdeniz beslenme tarzı sebze, formülüne, 1903 yılında bunun yerine kafein
balık ve zeytinyağı bakımından zengin olsa da eklendi.
günlük kalsiyum ihtiyacınızı karşılamaz; bu E) 1903’te gizli formülünde bulunan etken
yüzden öğünlerinize kemiklerinizi maddelerden biri çıkarılıp kafein ile değiştirilen
güçlendirecek süt ürünleri eklemeniz gerekir. kola, ilk zamanlar satın alanları bağımlı hâle
getiriyordu.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

F) 50. İlk yardımda öncelik, yardım çağırmadan önce

48. İnsanlar sağlık konusunda giderek bilinçli hale müdahaleye başlanması gereken kalp krizi
geldikçe, kendi sağlıklarını koruma konusunda durumları hariç, acil yardım servisini arayarak
önemli sorumlulukları olduğunu fark tıbbi yardım almaktır.
etmişlerdir. A) In first aid, the priority is to get medical
A) People have become increasingly health- assistance by calling emergency medical care,
conscious, because they have realised that expect in cases of cardiac arrest in which
they have important responsibility in treatment should be started before calling for
maintaining their own health. help.

B) As people have become increasingly health- B) First aid gives priority to cases of cardiac arrest
conscious, they have realised that they have as they need to be treated immediately, but
important responsibility in maintaining their except those cases, one should first get medical
own health. help by calling emergency medical care.

C) Realising that they have important C) In first aid, except for cardiac arrest cases
responsibility in maintaining their own health which need to be dealt with before calling for
has made people become increasingly health- help, the first thing we need to do is to call
conscious. emergency medical care for medical help.

D) People who have become increasingly health- D) In first aid, it is crucial to get help first by calling
conscious have realised that they have emergency medical care as long as it is not a
important responsibility in maintaining their case of cardiac arrest where treatment should
own health. be started before calling for help.

E) The reason why people have realised that they E) Unlike the cases of cardiac arrest which
have important responsibility in maintaining require immediate care before calling for help,
their own health is that they have become the first thing to do in first aid is to call
increasingly health-conscious. emergency medical care and get medical
assistance.

51. Problemleri veya hastalıkları saptama sanatı

olan ‘teşhis’, doktorlarla ilişkilendirilmiş olsa
da, bu terim avukatlar ve öğretmenler gibi diğer
mesleklerin üyeleri tarafından da
kullanılmaktadır.
A) ‘Diagnosis’, the art of identifying problems or
illnesses, is used by members of different
professions, such as lawyers and teachers;
however, this term is more associated with
physicians.
B) ‘Diagnosis’, the art of identifying problems or
illnesses, has been linked with physicians even
though this term is also used by members of
49. Geçmişte ölüme sebep olan bir çok hastalık, şu other professions, such as lawyers and
an aşıların kullanımı ile önlenebilmektedir. teachers.
A) Many diseases that can now be prevented C) Although ‘diagnosis’, the art of identifying
thanks to the use of vaccines caused death in problems or illnesses, has been linked with
the past. physicians, this term is also used by members
B) Many diseases that caused death in the past of other professions, such as lawyers and
can now be prevented through the use of teachers.
vaccines. D) ‘Diagnosis’, the art of identifying problems or
C) in the past, many diseases caused death, but illnesses, is linked with physicians, but
now they can be prevented with the use of members of other professions, such as lawyers
vaccines. and teachers, use this term as well.
D) Vaccines used now can prevent many E) While ‘diagnosis’, the art of identifying
diseases that caused death in the past. problems or illnesses, has been associated
with physicians, members of other professions,
E) The use of vaccines can now prevent many such as lawyers and teachers, often use this
diseases leading to death in the past. term.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

52. Gereğinden fazla beslenen çocuklar aşırı kilolu

veya obez olabilirler ve bu da sağlık sorunlarına 54. - 59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
ve depresyona yol açabilir. anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
A) Children who are overnourished may become
overweight or obese, and this may lead to
health problems and depression. 54. Hives (also known as urticaria) are itchy, raised
splotches on the surface of the skin. About 20
B) Health problems and depression may develop times itchier than a mosquito bite, hives make
in children who are overnourished and thus you want to tear off your clothes and then your
have become overweight or obese. skin------ In most cases, however, hives are the
C) Overnourishing can make children overweight result of other conditions. For example,
or obese, and this is likely to result in health although vibratory urticaria is very rare, any
problems and depression. vibration against the surface of the skin, even
from clothing rubbing against it, can trigger a
D) Overnourished children may end up
bout of hives in those prone to cholinergic
developing health problems and depression
urticaria.
as they have become overweight or obese.
E) When over nourished, children may develop A) If you do not eat something after contracting
health problems and depression as a the illness, there is a remote chance that you
consequence of becoming overweight or will suffer less from a food allergy.
obese. B) Urticaria is a common disorder that may
cause considerable distress and last for
years.
C) When most people have their first encounter
with hives, they assume they are caused by
something they ate.
D) Some patients cannot refrain themselves and
resort to excessive scratching.
E) Hives can occur in any part of the body - arms
and legs are more commonly involved.
53. Beyniniz yeterli dinlenmeden yoksunsa,
fazladan uyusanız bile bu kaybı telafi
edemeyebilirsiniz, çünkü uzun süren uyku
yoksunluğu beyin hücrelerinin kaybına neden
olabilir.
A) When your brain is deprived of adequate rest, 55. Since a large number of people with high
getting extra sleep may not compensate for the cholesterol are overweight, a healthy diet and
loss, as extended sleep deprivation can result regular exercise are probably the most
in the loss of brain cells. beneficial natural ways to control cholesterol
levels ----- these include meat, shellfish, eggs
B) If your brain is deprived of adequate rest, you and dairy products. Several specific diet
may not be able to compensate for the loss by options are beneficial for those who have high
getting extra sleep since extended sleep cholesterol. One is the vegetarian diet, as
deprivation causes the loss of brain cells. vegetarians typically get up to 100 percent
C) If your brain is deprived of adequate rest, you more fiber and up to 50 percent less cholesterol
may not be able to compensate for the loss no from food than non-vegetarians.
matter how much extra sleep you get because
A) The goal, in general, is to substantially reduce
extended sleep deprivation results in the loss
or eliminate foods high in an animal fat.
of brain cells.
B) A wide variety of prescription medicines are
D) Once your brains is deprived of adequate rest,
available to treat cholesterol problems.
you may not be able to compensate for the
loss despite the extra sleep you get, and the C) Currently, there are few studies on the
result is the loss of brain cells, which is caused effectiveness of some existing anti-cholesterol
by extended sleep deprivation. drugs.
E) If your brain is deprived of adequate rest, you D) This forms plaque in the heart’s blood vessels,
may not be able to compensate for the loss which may block the supply of blood to the
even if you get extra sleep because extended heart.
sleep deprivation can lead to the loss of brain E) It is often diagnosed and treated by general
cells. practitioners.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

56. Because the psychological manifestations of 58. However, allergy skin testing may be used
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for detection, although an allergic skin
are multifaceted, it is necessary to implement response does not always mean that the
comprehensive treatment interventions. One allergen being tested is causing the asthma.
intervention should be related to the proper Also, the body’s immune system produces
arrangement of the surroundings for children antibody to fight off the allergen, and the
with ADHD. Structuring the environment so that amount of antibody can be measured by a
the child is not easily distracted can be a viable blood test. This will show how sensitive the
solution. In the home, this entails minimising patient is to a particular allergen.
distracting stimulation from radio or television,
especially while the child is doing homework. -- A) Nedocromil is an anti-inflammatory drug that is
--- In this way, the teacher can ensure that the often used for asthma.
child is on task, is not distracted by other B) Today, asthma is viewed as a chronic
students, or has no opportunity to be inflammatory disease of the airways.
disruptive. C) It is often difficult to determine what is
A) Informing parents and school personnel about triggering asthma attacks.
the causes of ADHD can assist children, D) More than half of affected children stop having
teachers and parents themselves. asthma attacks after a certain age.
B) Coordinated effort should be made to promote E) Most patients with asthma respond well when
a healthy lifestyle, including scheduled the best drug is found.
regulation of bedtime.
C) Behaviour-modification strategies are effective
for training the child to control impulses, and
they help both the child and their parents.
D) In the classroom, on the other hand,
consideration should be given to the child’s
seat location to enable the teacher to observe
the child closely.
E) Thus, family counselling and teacher education
are integral components of treatment to help 59. Everyone experiences occasional forgetfulness,
maximise the child’s adaptation. most commonly with respect to recent
information. Such forgetfulness may range from
the names of newly introduced people to where
57. Marie Curie, probably the world’s best-known the car keys are. Many researchers believe such
woman scientist, was a pioneer in the field of forgetfulness represents an incompletion in the
radiation and chemotherapy. She was the first brain’s processes for establishing neuronal
woman awarded a Nobel Prize, in 1903, for her pathways ------ That is, the more frequently a
research on radioactivity. Sharing the prize person encounters the same information, the
were her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri more complete the neuronal connections
Becquerel, who had discovered radioactivity in among the various regions of the brain that
uranium. She was also awarded a Nobel Prize store the information.
in 1911 for the previous discovery of polonium
A) Therefore, amnesia is the inability to recall past
and radium and for the isolation of pure radium.
information or to remember information
---- Cancer treatment, for example, is among the
relevant to the future.
practices where it is widely employed.
B) Only when information becomes repetitious
A) She won her second Nobel Prize, this time in does the brain create connections among
the field of chemistry. neurons to accommodate it.
B) The Curies spent four years in a laboratory to C) Similarly, the quality of memory, particularly
isolate polonium and radium. short-term memory, normally diminishes with
C) She went beyond the study of the element the advanced age.
radium to discover a few of its medical uses. D) Even if patients experience memory
D) She became the first woman professor at impairment, they are still able to remember the
Sorbonne University, where she conducted names of close family members.
meticulous scientific studies. E) As researchers do not fully understand the
E) In the same year, Lord William Thomson mechanism of memory, they cannot explain
Kelvin Claimed radium was not an element how forgetfulness occurs.
after all.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

63. (I) Evidence is growing that, instead of avoiding

60. - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla allergenic foods, it might be important for high-risk
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü children, those with moderate or severe eczema, to
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. encounter them early on. (II) Those that are
introduced to peanuts between the ages of 4 months
60. (I) It is possible that women simply pay more and 11 months are 81 percent less likely to develop
attention to what they eat and their health, so are a peanut allergy by the time they are 5. (III) Similarly,
more likely to notice if they have a reaction to infants who begin eating eggs allergies. (IV) Being
allergens, but biological factors seem to be involved, breastfed is essential to develop tolerance to
too. (II) For example, men have higher levels of allergens later in life. (V) Therefore, some guidelines
certain type of antibody thought to help block allergic in the US and Australia now recommend carefully
reactions. (III) The most disturbing food for both men introducing infants to potentially allergenic ingredients
and women is shellfish, followed by certain fruits and from the age of 4 to 6 months.
vegetables. (IV) And hormones almost certainly play
a role because the gender difference in allergies A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
switches at adolescence. (V) Before puberty, boys
are affected by allergies twice as much as girls.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

64. (I) Gluten-free diets have recently been gaining

attention for their potential to manage
gastrointestinal issues such as acid reflux or irritable
61. (I) Lead poisoning occurs when a person swallows bowel syndrome. (II) Probiotics – food prepared with
or inhales lead in any form. (II) The result can be live, ‘good’ bacteria such as yoghurt, kimchi and kefir
damage to the brain, nerves, and many other parts – have been shown to help with conditions like
of the body. (III) Acute lead poisoning, which is irritable bowel syndrome, and they may also be
relatively rare, occurs when a large amount of lead is beneficial for people with weakened immune
taken into the body over a short period of time. (IV) systems. (III) But their long-term effects on overall
Lead poisoning is also harmful to adults, in whom it health are not yet fully known. (IV) Fermented foods
can cause high blood pressure, digestive problems, and drinks such as sauerkraut and kombucha are
nerve disorders, memory loss, and muscle and joint gaining in popularity as well. (V) Their effects on
pain. (V) On the other hand, chronic lead poisoning health again are not clear, but consuming them will
occurs when small amounts of lead are taken in over not do any harm and might improve microbial diversity
a longer period. in the gut.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) If you are the type to regularly tuck into a bag of
chips, it is worth reconsidering the habit. (II) Too 65. (I) Cancer is a progressive disease, and goes
much sodium is not good for anyone, but for people through several stages. (II) Many other diseases,
who have hypertension, salt is especially dangerous. besides cancer, could produce the same symptoms.
(III) Sodium is essential for contracting and relaxing (III) Each phase may produce a number of symptoms,
muscles, transmitting nerve signals and maintaining some of which may occur due to a tumour that is
adequate fluid levels. (IV) Too much of it leads to growing within an organ or a gland. (IV) As the
small spikes in blood pressure for people who do not tumour grows, it may press on the nearby nerves,
already have hypertension and large spikes in organs and blood vessels. (V) This causes pain and
people who do. (V) As a result, several some pressure which may be the earliest warning
cardiovascular problems, including heart attacks, signs of cancer.
strokes and coronary artery disease might come up.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

67. Which of the following is true about food

66. - 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre allergy according to the passage?
cevaplayınız.
A) It is thought that both genetic and
What causes you to develop a food allergy in the environmental factors trigger food allergy.
first place? Is it your genetic make-up? Something B) Non-identical twins have a higher likelihood of
in your food supply? Something you ate too much of developing food allergy.
as a kid? A great deal of research has been devoted
to answering these questions. The best evidence C) The validity of the mentioned twin studies on
comes from studies of peanut allergy in twins. food allergy is prone to controversy.
Studies of peanut allergy in twins have provided the D) If one of the identical twins has a food allergy,
strongest proof that genes play a role in developing the other is bound to develop it as well.
food allergy but are not exclusively responsible. An E) Allergy specialists think that studies on food
important study shows that an identical twin has a allergies should target adults rather than kids.
64 percent chance of sharing a peanut allergy with
the twin sibling who is allergic to peanut. With non-
identical twins, the risk drops to a mere 7 percent.
The study clearly demonstrates a strong genetic link
to peanut allergy but also proves that food allergy is
not purely a genetic disease. What leads one of the
identical twins to develop the allergy and spares the
second is unknown. Allergy specialists believe that
exposure to an allergen – in this case the food that
causes the allergy – plays a role in developing a
food allergy, but determining exactly what each twin
is exposed to in the uncontrolled testing
environment of daily living is nearly impossible.

66. According to the passage, studies of peanut 68. Which of the following can be inferred from the
allergy in twins ----. passage?

A) compare the genetic make-up of the twins A) The number of food allergy studies with
besides analysing their daily food consumption identical twins is larger than those with non-
identical twins.
B) will no longer be carried out as they have not
produced conclusive results B) Figuring out exactly what foods each twin is
exposed to in the uncontrolled testing
C) are the most promising ones for understanding
environment of daily living is almost
the causes of food allergy
unattainable.
D) have proven that food allergy is no more than
C) The discovery of a strong genetic link to food
a genetic disease
allergy suggests that there could soon be a
E) focus on the thorough genetic analysis of the treatment for it.
twins participating in the studies
D) The contribution of genetic factors outweighs
that of environmental factors in most allergy
sufferers.
E) Food experiences during childhood have a
greater effect on the likelihood of developing
an allergy in twin siblings.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

70. According to the passage, toddlers ----.

69. - 71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) exhibit their disappointment by avoiding
interaction with others
The earliest acting out behaviours are often referred B) tend to cry and kick hands and feet to convey
to as temper tantrums. These behaviours are feelings of dissatisfaction
usually first observed in infants between the ages of
12 and 18 months of age. At that point, temper C) will completely grow out of temper tantrums
tantrums can be considered a normal part of growth when they reach the age of four
and development, and they are not necessarily D) are easier to control than four-year-old children
caused by the wrong behaviour of the parents. E) might be more destructive compared to infants’
These early tantrums are simply an infant’s attempt observed cases of acting out
to communicate feelings of dissatisfaction or
extreme disappointment. Observed behaviours in
infants trying to express their anger or frustration
usually include angry-sounding crying and kicking
hands and feet. For toddlers, such violent outbursts
of temper often include hitting, kicking, and biting
others, and possibly self-injurious behaviours such
as head-banging. Temper tantrums can include any
highly emotional, disruptive, and unacceptable
outburst that appears to be the child’s reaction to
unmet needs or wishes. A primary reason for such
emotional lack of control in a child, especially above
the age of three or four, is having not learnt how to
cope with their own frustration. Such temper
tantrums usually peak between the ages of two and
three. Because under normal circumstances the
child has learnt the necessary lessons in how to
deal with disappointment by the time he or she has
reached the age of four, there is then a noticeable
decrease in this sort of acting out behaviour.

69. It is stated in the passage that temper tantrums 71. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.
in infants ----.
A) some displays of temper tantrums can be
A) commonly start to appear within the first year considered a sign of serious mental problems
of life
B) self-injurious behaviours often bring other
B) can be assumed as typical and a part of mental problems to be addressed immediately
natural development process
C) treatment of behavioural disorders in children
C) are not usually observed in babies older than such as temper tantrums takes too much time
one and a half years
D) behaviours such as crying and kicking are
D) will steadily increase to reach a peak at the extreme though they significantly help toddlers
age of four calm down
E) are generally caused by the inappropriate E) temper tantrums might have one or multiple
behaviour of the parents reasons depending on a child’s age
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

73. One can understand from the passage that ----.

72. - 74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) a person stuck on a boat trip might have
nausea with a severe headache and
The word ‘nausea’ evokes an awful experience: that drowsiness
uneasy rolling-wave sensation in the stomach and B) hunger can be considered as one of the
head that often precedes vomiting. Terrible as it is, possible causes of nausea
nausea is also an expression of the body’s wisdom.
Just as hunger tells us to fill up when we need food, C) people who have had nausea because of
nausea conveys that we need to empty our motion sickness must see a physician
stomachs. In the case of food poisoning, for D) dimenhydrinate is the most famous nausea
example, the most appropriate response is to medicine for its mild side effects
surrender to the feeling. Once you vomit, you E) having continual nausea may be an initial sign
reduce the damaging potential of a toxin or of some serious diseases
pathogen and usually feel better almost instantly.
There are times when nausea manifests
inappropriately, and repressing it becomes
inevitable; during motion sickness, for instance,
when one’s stomach feels upset on the deck of a
rocking boat. Therefore, a wide variety of
pharmaceuticals are available to treat nausea, of
which dimenhydrinate is among the most popular.
However, side effects can include headache,
dizziness, and severe drowsiness. If there seems to
be no reason for a case of nausea and it persists for
more than two days, seeing a physician will be the
wisest option. This can be an early indicator of
serious problems including bowel cancer and
gallbladder disease or a potentially less serious
condition such as a migraine or the flu.

72. It is pointed out in the passage that ----. 74. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.

A) after vomiting, it is normal to feel dizziness A) patients should be aware of the length of
nausea and the potential reasons for it
B) food poisoning must be immediately medicated
B) available pharmaceuticals for the treatment of
C) nausea should be medicated if vomiting follows it nausea have side effects without exception
D) one with nausea can feel relief after vomiting C) nausea might be one of the side effects of the
E) having a headache will inevitably lead to pharmaceuticals available for any diseases
nausea D) bowel cancer or gallbladder disease would
cause nausea more often than a migraine
E) physicians need to prescribe for nausea if
there is an obvious cause like a serious
disease
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

76. The underlined word in the passage ‘dormant’ is

75. - 77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre closest in meaning to ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) unlimited
Bacillus anthracis is the bacterium that causes B) indispensable
anthrax. The bacteria adopt long, rod-like shapes
when they find themselves in an environment C) inactive
suitable for rapid growth, such as the moist, D) intolerable
nutrient-rich insides of an animal. Under arid E) unavoidable
conditions, however, the bacteria create hard,
nearly indestructible spores that can lie dormant for
a long time. When the spores are injected into
healthy mice, they turn back into B. anthracis,
triggering anthrax and killing the animals. Despite
the existence of effective vaccines, currently,
anthrax is still a concern worldwide due to its
potential for being used as an unconventional
weapon in biological warfare. Dried and kept in cold
storage, the spores that cause anthrax will survive
for years, allowing for industrial-scale production
and stockpiling of the material long before it is used
against soldiers on the battlefield.

75. Which of the following is true about the 77. What is the purpose of the author in writing the
bacteria that cause anthrax? passage?

A) Humidity of the environment that will host the A) To give information about B. anthracis, which
bacteria serves an important function in their could be used as a biological weapon
growth. B) To warm people against coming into contact
B) General health condition of the recipient of the with mice with B. anthracis
bacteria is of great significance for the spread C) To criticise scientists and medical people for
of the disease in humans. not taking precautions against B. anthrax
C) Nutrient-rich insides of an animal lead the D) To draw attention to the inefficiency of the
bacteria to produce spores. vaccines developed against anthrax
D) The shape of the bacteria remains the same E) To highlight the importance of cold storage for
despite the environmental changes that allow the survival of spores created by B. anthracis
rapid growth.
E) In arid conditions, they grow rapidly in a short
time, posing several threats to both animals
and humans.
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK – 1 Mart 2020 2020 YÖKDİL / 1

79. It is pointed out in the passage that ----.

78. - 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) newborns diagnosed with vitamin K deficiency
after they are born are especially susceptible
Doctors suspect vitamin K deficiency when to liver dysfunction
abnormal bleeding occurs in people with conditions B) the only way of providing extra vitamin K for
that put them at risk. Blood tests to measure how babies is through injection in the muscle since
well blood clots are done to help confirm the other methods are not effective
diagnosis. Knowing how much vitamin K people
consume helps doctors interpret results of their C) breastfeeding is very important for newborns
blood tests. Meanwhile, a vitamin K injection in the since it is extremely rich in vitamin K
muscle is recommended for all newborns to reduce D) if doctors suspect a drug of causing vitamin K
the risk of bleeding within the brain after delivery. deficiency in adults, they recommend that
Breastfed infants who have not received this extra vitamin K be taken
injection at birth are especially susceptible to E) adults prefer to take vitamin K by mouth
vitamin K deficiency in adulthood because breast rather than injections since the first one is
milk contains only small amounts of vitamin K. more practical
Otherwise, vitamin K is usually taken by mouth or
given by injection under the skin. If a drug is the
cause of the deficiency, the dose of the drug is
adjusted or extra vitamin K is given. Vitamin K
deficiency may also weaken bones. People who
have vitamin K deficiency and liver disorder may
also need blood transfusions to replenish the
clotting factors. A damaged liver may be unable to
synthesise clotting factors even after vitamin K
injections are given.

78. It can be understood from the passage that ----. 80. One can conclude from the passage that ----.
A) vitamin K injections may have negative effects A) vitamin K deficiency can be the main cause of
on bones if the dose cannot be adjusted liver disorders
carefully B) severe liver disorders are mostly accompanied
B) vitamin K deficiency is experienced especially by vitamin K deficiency
after the loss of excessive amounts of blood C) mothers can increase the amount of vitamin K
C) doctors may be need multiple sources of in their milk with an appropriate diet
information before they diagnose whether a D) breastfeeding does not provide any protection
patient has vitamin K deficiency for babies against bleeding risk
D) people should give an account of their daily E) vitamin K injections can fall short of being
vitamin K intake for doctors to decide whether useful if the liver is not functioning properly
a blood transfusion is necessary
E) blood tests run on blood clots may not always
provide doctors with reliable results

TEST BİTTİ.
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

2020/1 YÖKDİL SAĞLIK CEVAP ANAHTARI

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 D 21 C 41 B 61 D
2 A 22 E 42 D 62 C
3 B 23 B 43 D 63 D
4 E 24 D 44 A 64 A
5 D 25 A 45 C 65 B
6 A 26 C 46 A 66 C
7 D 27 B 47 A 67 A
8 B 28 D 48 B 68 B
9 D 29 E 49 B 69 B
10 B 30 D 50 A 70 E
11 E 31 C 51 C 71 E
12 E 32 B 52 A 72 D
13 C 33 B 53 E 73 E
14 A 34 B 54 C 74 A
15 C 35 C 55 A 75 A
16 C 36 C 56 D 76 C
17 A 37 A 57 C 77 A
18 E 38 D 58 C 78 C
19 C 39 B 59 B 79 D
20 B 40 C 60 C 80 E
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART
2019
SAĞLIK SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4. Some patients with Alzheimer’s disease
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi experience immense fear and frustration ----
bulunuz. they slowly lose their independence as they
 start to struggle with carrying out simple daily
activities.
1. Any morbid change in the structure of an A) so that
organ or a body part ---- injury or disease is
called a lesion. B) unless

A) so C) since

B) despite D) though

C) moreover E) such as

D) unlike

E) due to

5. Most tumor markers are ---- sensitive ----

specific enough to screen for or diagnose
2. Though some birthmarks, especially large cancer without the support of other clinical
ones, ---- permanent, many ---- unnoticeable findings.
by about age 10.
A) neither / nor
A) have been / became
B) as / as
B) would be / are becoming
C) rather / than
C) are / had become
D) but / also
D) may be / become
E) such / that
E) had been / can become

3. Disorders and dysfunctions of the ears, nose,

and mouth range from structural ----- present 6. Cataracts were once a leading cause of age-
at birth to infections or diseases, such as related blindness, but today ophthalmologists
cancer. surgically----- cataracts and replace the lens
with a prosthetic intraocular one.
A) images
A) removed
B) defects
B) are removed
C) cures
C) have been removed
D) purposes
D) remove
E) capacities
E) are being removed

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

7. A mental health professional can diagnose a 10. People who travel to tropical regions -----
patient’s phobias ----- a detailed interview and community sanitation is generally poor may
discussion of both the mental and physical suffer from parasitic infections.
symptoms.
A) why
A) soon
B) where
B) until
C) what
C) for
D) who
D) since
E) how
E) after

8. People with pollen allergy are recommended

11. Radiography, tomography, and magnetic
to ----- their outdoor clothing as soon as they
resonance imaging are ---- important ----- their
come indoors and wash their faces, arms, and
inventors received the Nobel Prize for their
hands.
contributions to medicine.
A) take off
A) as / well
B) move on
B) more / than
C) call off
C) the most / of
D) pull out
D) so / that
E) turn back
E) the less / the more

9. Pregnant women may experience obsessive

12. Aromatic plants ----- for their healing,
compulsive disorder— a form of anxiety
preservative, and pleasurable qualities
illness that arises before or ----- after the birth
throughout recorded history, in both the East
of their baby.
and West.
A) properly
A) have employed
B) currently
B) had employed
C) immediately
C) were employing
D) recently
D) are being employed
E) formally
E) have been employed

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

13. A great number of cells in the human airway 17. When medical professionals are treating dog
play roles ---- defending the body ---- invading bites, some wounds are left open and allowed
bacteria. to heal on their own, ---- others require
stitches.
A) in / against
A) while
B) of / out
B) before
C) on / in
C) likewise
D) off / for
D) since
E) at / with
E) instead

14. A European Union-funded study has

confirmed that dietary supplementation could 18. The energy used in magnetic resonance
play a/an ----- role in keeping Europe’s aging imaging is entirely safe ---- the patient has no
population healthy. metal on or in his body.
A) calm A) before
B) blind B) however
C) ancient C) whereas
D) crucial D) just as
E) missing E) as long as

15. Though ankle injuries are common athletic 19. The use of general anesthesia in dentistry ----
mishaps, they also ----- during routine in 1844, when Horace Wells first ----- the
activities, such as walking on uneven chemical compound nitrous oxide during a
surfaces. dental procedure.
A) compete A) had begun / use
B) perform B) began / used
C) occur C) has begun / was using
D) dislike D) begins / had used
E) allow E) was beginning / has used

16. Concussion, a jarring of the brain, usually 20. The first generation antihistamines may
leaves no lasting neurological problems;----- , produce side effects, ----- drowsiness, dry
symptoms of post-concussion syndrome may mouth, blurred vision, and constipation.
last for a long time.
A) such as
A) in other words
B) as well as
B) nonetheless
C) unlike
C) therefore
D) so that
D) consequently
E) in spite of
E) for instance

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) as a result
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) for example

C) that’s why
Hair replacement is a surgical procedure to relocate
viable hair follicles from sites on the scalp, where D) even after
they are (21), to sites where there has been E) however
permanent hair loss already. The most common
reason (22) seeking hair replacement is male pattern
hair loss. Hair replacement is nearly always a
cosmetic procedure; (23), it may also be restorative
to correct damage resulting from injuries. Hair
replacement procedures (24) tissue grafts, flaps,
expansions, or combinations of these methods. The
surgeon plans the appropriate approach for (25)
individual’s situation and hair loss circumstances.
Mild to moderate pain is common for several days
following a hair replacement procedure.
24.

A) had involved

B) may involve

C) had to involve

21. D) used to involve

A) abundant E) are involving

B) detailed

C) strict

D) familiar

E) hidden

25.
22.
A) each
A) from
B) much
B) in
C) few
C) for
D) many
D) with
E) none
E) at

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) dissatisfied
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) unfamiliar

C) impatient
The key to making the health care system work (26)
involves our ability to develop good communication D) imperfect
with the members of our health care team, (27) this E) individual
can be a challenge because many of us feel
intimidated or afraid to talk freely with our providers.
Some professionals use (28) medical words that we
just do not understand or that confuse us. We often
hesitate to ask (29) these words mean. Also, many of
us are frightened of sharing personal information
about ourselves because we do not really know or
trust our providers. These fears (30) communication.

29.

A) which

B) whose

C) what
26.
D) how
A) so good as
E) in which
B) as good as

C) much better

D) the best of

E) better than

30.
27.
A) involve
A) so
B) absorb
B) just as
C) recover
C) since
D) block
D) before
E) promote
E) but

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 34. Males were once thought to be at greater risk
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. of coronary heart disease; ---- .

A) therefore, these risk factors never include

31. Though there are numerous possible causes fatty diets
for dehydration, ---- . B) more recent studies, though, show this is not
A) the most common factors are intense physical true
labor and extremely hot weather
C) thus, equal numbers of women and men
B) the body’s electrolyte balance can often be develop it
restored with intravenous fluids
D) however, the disease was seen mainly in men
C) a moderately dehydrated person will show
signs of mental confusion and disorientation E) as a result, more women develop heart
D) insufficient water intake or excessive water disease
loss leads to electrolyte imbalance
E) early symptoms of dehydration include thirst,
light-headedness, and dry skin 35. There is now evidence that even moderate
drinking affects the development of the brain;
---- .
32. The skin of adults generally becomes thinner
and more fragile, which ---- . A) therefore, physicians advise pregnant women
to avoid alcohol entirely
A) became dry and lost its elasticity over time
B) does not mean nail care may be more difficult B) although excessive alcohol consumption
for the elderly person produces distinctive facial features

C) is natural as they age and their antibodies C) on the other hand, they also affect the child’s
decrease in number ability to learn and remember
D) also could lead to a healthier bone structure D) however, pregnant women must be
E) is one of the changes resulting in dryness of particularly careful about their health
the skin of a toddler
E) on the contrary, certain drugs can cause
serious psychological disorders
33. Although the diaphragm is the major muscle
of breathing, ---- .
A) early inspiratory neurons trigger the 36. Acid phosphatase is an enzyme found
augmenting discharge of inspiratory neurons throughout the whole body, ---- .

B) the use of these different muscle groups adds A) but it is primarily housed in the prostate gland
to the flexibility of the breathing act
B) though an increase in this value is seen in
C) the expiratory medullary neurons are
various cases
connected to projections from higher brain
centers C) but its testing is done to check for prostate
D) its respiratory action is assisted by a complex cancer
assembly of other muscle groups
D) so many tissues have small amounts of it
E) input into the respiratory control system from
higher brain centers may help them E) yet, for example, the test for its presence
requires drawing 10 milliliters of blood

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

37. When microscopes were introduced in the 40. Modern genetics is a molecular-level science,-
early 1600s, ---- . --- .
A) this imaging technique had already developed A) but genes were first described as abstract
thanks to scientific efforts units of inheritance in 1865
B) light microscopy can produce sharp, detailed B) while the science of genetics is less than 150
images of tissues and cells years old
C) the types of microscopy introduced so far C) including the use of techniques such as gene
have been used to view cells and tissues cloning and hybridization
D) two main types of microscopes are used to D) and scientists were able to access the
investigate the structure of organs and cells enormous amounts of genetic data
E) they opened up a tiny new universe whose
E) yet its accomplishments within a short time
existence was unknown before that time
have been astonishing

38. Addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing

brain disease ---- .

A) although frequently observed in conjunction

with research on smoking

B) characterized by highly compulsive drug

seeking and continued use despite the
harmful consequences
C) that effectively fights against strong urges and
irrational consumption decisions
D) when the consumption of an addictive good is
itself beyond the control of the individual

E) covering neurological and psychological

mechanisms underlying physiological
changes

41. Because excessive exposure to noise can

39. Even though we have made great strides in temporarily or permanently damage hearing, -
our understanding of the brain, ---- . ---- .
A) its main emphasis is on finding treatments for A) it is responsible for much less than 15% of
the brain cases
B) this is not likely to stop or change in the near B) it is the most preferable treatment for hearing
future loss
C) a few illnesses like Alzheimer’s require C) the ear has mechanisms that protect it from
extraordinary care
loud noise
D) the truth is that we have barely scratched the
D) nearly everyone experiences exposure to
surface
excessive noise
E) our methods for decoding brain activity
E) we should avoid staying in noisy places as
contribute to the steady advance of science
much as possible

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 43. In order to develop an effective treatment
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. against a virus, scientists first need to
understand the structure of various proteins.

A) Bilim insanlarının bir virüse karşı etkili bir

42. The dosage of hypertension drugs varies with
tedavi geliştirmeleri için, öncelikle o virüsün
the patient, the severity of the disease, and
yapısal özelliklerini iyi bilmeleri gerekir.
whether the drug is taken alone or together
with other medications. B) Çeşitli proteinlerin yapısını anlamış olan bilim
insanlarının yapması gereken ilk şey virüslere
A) Hastanın aldığı yüksek tansiyon ilacının
karşı tedavi geliştirmektir.
dozunu, hastalığın şiddeti, hastanın sağlık
durumu ve ilacın tek başına mı yoksa diğer C) Bir virüse karşı etkili bir tedavi geliştirmek
ilaçlarla mı alınacağı belirler. isteyen bir bilim insanının proteinlerin yapısını
iyi anlamış olması gerekir.
B) Yüksek tansiyon ilaçlarının dozu, hastaya,
hastalığın şiddetine ve ilacın tek başına mı D) Bir virüse karşı etkili bir tedavi geliştirmek için,
yoksa diğer ilaçlarla beraber mi alındığına bilim insanlarının öncelikle çeşitli proteinlerin
bağlı olarak değişir. yapısını anlamaları gerekir.

C) Yüksek tansiyon ilaçlarının dozu, hastaya, E) Bir virüse karşı tedavi geliştirmek için, bilim
hastalığın şiddetine ve ilacın hangi ilaçlarla insanlarının proteinlerin yapısını ve işlevini
birlikte alınması gerektiğine bağlı olarak anlamaları gerekir.
belirlenebilir.

D) Yüksek tansiyon ilaçlarının dozu, ilacın tek

44. Current surgical techniques used to treat
başına mı yoksa diğer ilaçlarla birlikte mi cancer lack a reliable way that can identify the
alınacağına, hastanın durumuna ve hastalığın tissue type during the operation.
şiddetine göre belirlenmelidir.
A) Kanseri tedavi etmek için kullanılan günümüz
E) Yüksek tansiyon ilaçlarının dozu, hastalığın
cerrahi teknikleri, ameliyat esnasında doku
şiddetine ve ilacın tek başına mı yoksa diğer
türünü saptayabilen güvenilir bir yöntemden
ilaçlarla mı alınması gerektiğine bağlı olarak
yoksundur.
değişebilir.
B) Kanseri tedavi etmek için de kullanılabilen
mevcut güvenilir cerrahi teknikler, ameliyat
esnasında doku türünü saptayabilen bir
yöntemden yoksundur.

C) Ameliyatta doku türünü saptayabilen

yöntemden yoksun olan mevcut cerrahi
teknikler, kanser tedavisinde yetersiz kalır.

D) Ameliyat esnasında doku türünü saptamada

güvenilir bir yöntem olan günümüz cerrahi
teknikleri, kanseri ortadan kaldırmak için de
uygulanabilir.

E) Kanseri tedavi etmek için kullandığımız

cerrahi teknikleri arasında, ameliyat
esnasında doku türünü saptayabilen bir
yöntem yoktur.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

45. Though the mineral that is most commonly 46. According to a study done by London
associated with bone structure and bone University, as well as avoiding tea and coffee,
density is calcium, other minerals, like old people should keep daytime naps shorter
magnesium and phosphorus, are also than half an hour.
important. A) Londra Üniversitesi tarafından yapılan bir
araştırmada, çay ve kahveden kaçınan yaşlı
A) Magnezyum ve fosfor gibi bazı mineraller
insanların gündüz şekerlemelerini yarım saat
kemik yapısı ve yoğunluğu için çok önemli
azalttıkları gözlemlenmiştir.
olmasına rağmen, konuyla en çok
ilişkilendirilen mineral kalsiyumdur. B) Londra Üniversitesi tarafından yapılan
araştırmalar, çay ve kahve tüketen yaşlı
B) Kalsiyum, kemik yapısı ve kemik insanların gündüz şekerlemelerini yarım saat
yoğunluğuyla ilişkilendirilir; ancak, tutmaları gerektiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır.
magnezyum ve fosfor gibi diğer mineraller de C) Londra Üniversitesi tarafından yapılan bir
kemik için oldukça önemlidir. araştırmaya göre, çay ve kahveden kaçınan
yaşlı insanların yarım saatten fazla gündüz
C) Kemik yapısı ve kemik yoğunluğuyla en
şekerlemesi yapmaması gerekir.
yaygın olarak ilişkilendirilen mineral kalsiyum
olmasına rağmen, magnezyum ve fosfor gibi D) Londra Üniversitesi tarafından yapılan bir
diğer mineraller de önemlidir. araştırmaya göre, yaşlı insanlar çay ve
kahveden kaçınmanın yanı sıra gündüz
D) Magnezyum ve fosfor gibi diğer mineraller, şekerlemelerini yarım saatten daha kısa
kemik yapısı ve kemik yoğunluğuyla sıklıkla tutmalıdır.
ilişkilendirilse de, kemik için en önemli mineral E) Londra Üniversitesi’ndeki uzmanlar, yaşlı
kalsiyumdur. insanların gündüz şekerlemelerini yarım
E) Kemik yapısı ve kemik yoğunluğuyla yaygın saatten daha kısa tutmalarını ve kahveyi
oldukça azaltmalarını söylüyor.
olarak ilişkilendirilen mineral kalsiyum
olmasına rağmen, magnezyum ve fosfor gibi
diğer mineraller daha önemlidir. 47. People whose parents have developed
coronary artery disease, particularly at young
ages, are more likely to develop this disease.
A) Koroner atardamar hastalığı olan
ebeveynlerin çocuklarının, bu hastalığa
yakalanma olasılığı diğer insanlara göre çok
daha fazladır.
B) Ebeveynleri koroner atardamar hastalığına
yakalanmış olan insanların, bu hastalığa
erken yaşlarda yakalanma olasılığı yüksektir.
C) Çocuklar koroner atardamar hastalığına erken
yaşlarda yakalanmışlarsa, bu onların
ebeveynlerinin de bu hastalığa yakalanmış
olduğu anlamına gelir.
D) Özellikle erken yaşlarda koroner atardamar
hastalığı geçirmiş ebeveynlerin çocuklarının,
er ya da geç bu gibi hastalıklara yakalanma
ihtimalleri vardır.
E) Ebeveynleri özellikle erken yaşlarda koroner
atardamar hastalığına yakalanmış olan
insanların, bu hastalığa yakalanma olasılığı
daha fazladır.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 49. Pek çok bulaşıcı hastalığın olduğu koşullarda
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. büyüyen erkeklerin, ilerleyen yaşlarda daha
düşük testosteron seviyesine sahip olması
muhtemeldir.
48. Çalışmalar, kekelemenin beynin ön lobunda
A) If men grow up in conditions where there are
konumlanan iki merkez arasındaki bağlantının
lots of infectious diseases, they will probably
kesintiye uğramasından kaynaklandığını
have a low testosterone level at later ages.
göstermektedir.
B) Men who grow up in a place where many
A) According to studies of the brain, stuttering is
people develop infectious diseases will have a
caused by interruption of the connection
lower testosterone level at later ages.
between two centers of the brain.
C) Conditions in which there are lots of infectious
B) Studies indicate that stuttering is caused by
diseases are likely to determine whether a
interruption of the connection between two
man will have a lower testosterone level at
centers located on the frontal lobe of the
later ages or not.
brain.
D) Men who grow up in conditions where there
C) Studies indicate that stuttering could be
are lots of infectious diseases are likely to
caused by interruption of the connection
have a lower testosterone level at later ages.
between two centers located in the brain.
E) Men who are likely to have a lower
D) Stuttering may be the result of continuous
testosterone level at later ages could have
interruption of the connection between two
grown up in conditions where there are lots of
centers located on the frontal lobe, according
infectious diseases.
to studies.

E) Studies that have centered on stuttering

indicate that the frontal lobe of the brain is 50. Kansere neden olan DNA’daki mutasyonlar
frequently interrupted by lack of connection. kalıtsal olabilir ya da kimyasal
kanserojenlerden, radyasyondan ve
virüslerden kaynaklanabilir.

A) Cancer-causing mutations in DNA are usually

inherited or caused by chemical carcinogens,
radiation, and viruses.

B) Mutations in DNA may cause cancer; in other

words, they may be inherited or caused by
carcinogens and viruses.

C) Mutations in DNA that cause cancer may be

inherited or caused by chemical carcinogens,
radiation, and viruses.

D) Cancer is caused by mutations in DNA, which

may be inherited or be the result of several
chemical carcinogens.

E) Cancer-causing mutations in DNA may be

either inherited or caused by chemical
carcinogens, such as radiation.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

51. Sosyal medya bağımlılığı henüz tıbben bir 52. Beynin ödül merkezi, hem yağ hem de
hastalık olarak tanınmasa da bu platformların karbonhidrat bakımından zengin yiyeceklere
aşırı kullanım alışkanlığı birçok araştırmanın sadece yağ ya da sadece karbonhidrat içeren
konusu olmuştur. yiyeceklerden daha fazla önem verir.

A) The habit of excessive use of social media A) The reward center of the brain values foods
has become the subject of certain studies; rich in both fat and carbohydrates more than
however, it has not medically recognized as a foods containing only fat or only
disease yet. carbohydrates.

B) Social media addiction should be medically B) The reward center of the brain is likely to
recognized as a disease since the habit of value foods rich in fat and carbohydrates
excessive use of these platforms has already more than foods containing only fat or only
become the subject of much research. carbohydrates.

C) Even if social media addiction is not medically C) The reward center of the brain values foods
recognized as a disease yet, excessive use of rich only in fat or only carbohydrates more
these platforms has been studied by many than foods containing both fat and
scientific centers. carbohydrates.

D) Social media addiction is not medically D) According to a new study, our brains value
recognized as a disease yet; however, the foods high in both fat and carbohydrates more
excessive use of these platforms has already than foods that contain only carbohydrates.
become the subject of particular research.
E) Foods high in both fat and carbohydrates are
E) Although social media addiction is not the rewards of the brain although it also
medically recognized as a disease yet, the values foods containing only fat or only
habit of excessive use of these platforms has carbohydrates.
become the subject of much research.

53. Çocuk felci virüsünden kaynaklanan vakalar

1988 yılından bu yana, o sene başlatılan aşı
kampanyası sayesinde %99 oranında azaldı.

A) Cases caused by the wild poliovirus have

dropped 99% since 1988 because the
vaccination campaign has really worked.

B) Cases caused by the wild poliovirus have

dropped 99% since 1988 thanks to the
vaccination campaign launched in that year.

C) The vaccination campaign that was launched

in 1988 aimed to prevent the cases caused by
the wild poliovirus by 99%.

D) The vaccination campaign of 1988 played an

important role in our fight against the wild
poliovirus and reduced cases by 99% since
then.

E) A vaccination campaign was launched in

1988; and, as a result, the wild poliovirus
cases have dropped 99% since then.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. Memory refers to the storage of information
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere that is necessary for the performance of many
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. cognitive tasks. Working memory (also known
as short-term memory) is the memory one
uses, for example, to remember a telephone
54. The close proximity of the lower esophagus number after looking it up in a directory and
to the bottom of the heart gives rise to the while dialing. The capacity of working
memory is limited, and it decreases if not
term “heartburn”, the burning sensation that
exercised. On the other hand, long-term
is experienced when gastric contents bubble
memory, also called secondary or reference
back up into this section of the alimentary
memory, stores information for longer
tract. ---- . This kind of chronic
periods. ---- .
gastrointestinal conditions can significantly
interfere with the quality of life. Therefore, A) Memory is stored over wide areas of the brain
people with these conditions should consult rather than in any single location
their doctors. B) As a result, short-term memory is the one you
A) Gastroenterologists recommend reducing the will definitely need most
consumption of foods high in fats C) The capacity of long-term memory is
B) Drinking plenty of non-caffeinated and non- unlimited, and it can endure indefinitely
alcoholic fluids throughout the day is advised D) In other words, the longer memory lasts, the
less effective it becomes
C) The gastrointestinal system represents a
balance of mechanical and chemical functions E) These three memory types define how you
recall stored information
D) The 21st century has brought amazing
advances in treatments for gastrointestinal
conditions
56. ---- . If it is confined to a local area and does
E) Gastroesophageal reflux disorder develops not spread, it is called a benign tumor. If it
when such backwash becomes chronic spreads to neighboring tissues or to distant
parts of the body, it is called a malignant
tumor. The general term for any type of
malignant tumor is cancer. The process of
tumor cell spread is called metastasis.
Tumors are found in all kinds of tissue, but
they appear most frequently in those that
repair themselves most quickly.

A) Membranes help to prevent the spread of

infection from one area of the body to another
B) Malignant tumors, unlike benign ones, can
cause death wherever they appear
C) Benign tumors are not dangerous in
themselves; they do not spread
D) Any abnormal growth of cells is called a
tumor, or neoplasm
E) Many cases of the disease are now
diagnosed by routine screening tests

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

57. ---- . These types are distinguished based on 58. Bone is one of the hardest substances found
their cellular structure and anatomical in the human body, second only to the enamel
locations. The organization of cells within the of the teeth. However, bone is also a living
different types of muscle fibers influences tissue, undergoing constant change. ---- . The
how a muscle functions. For example, cellular two principal components of this material,
organization determines the speed of muscle collagen and calcium phosphate, distinguish
contraction. While the cells in skeletal muscle bone from other hard tissues. Bone tissue
tissue are organized in a way that facilitates makes up the individual bones of the human
rapid contraction, the cells in smooth muscle skeletal system, as well as the skeletons of
tissue are designed so as to limit contraction other vertebrates.
speed but also enable involuntary
A) However, compact bone is dense and has a
contraction.
bony matrix
A) Considerable variation can be found among
B) It consists of cells embedded in an abundant,
the different skeletal muscles, depending on
hard intercellular material
the function of the muscle
C) In spite of this, they may resist a certain
B) The ability to perform physical work depends
amount of compressive force
ultimately on the ability of muscle cells
D) Therefore, long bones exhibit a number of
C) Multiple types of filter exist to protect against
common structural features
beam-related injuries, and these are not
always easy to distinguish E) In addition to this, mature compact bone is
lamellar, or layered, in structure
D) There is a high degree of organization within
the fiber, a series of alternately dark and light
bands

E) The human body contains three primary types

of muscle tissue, known as striated, smooth,
and cardiac 59. Posture is the position and carriage of the
limbs and the body as a whole. Except when
lying down, the first postural requirement is
to apply a counterforce against gravity, which
is pulling the body toward the ground. ---- .
However, the muscles are not kept contracted
all the time. As the posture changes and the
center of gravity shifts, different muscles are
stretched and contracted.

A) Movements may be carried out by the

muscles of the trunk and body cavity

B) The back should be carefully examined for

posture, spinal curves, or asymmetries

C) Microscopic endodontics improve posture and

reduce neck and back fatigue

D) Every movement of the body has to be correct

for speed and position

E) This force causes stretch reflexes to keep the

lower limbs extended and the back upright

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 61. (I) Some people find themselves alone while
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü losing weight because other family members
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. do not want to make the same changes in
their own eating habits and physical activity.
(II) A weight loss approach that balances
60. (I) The woman’s body undergoes profound decreased food intake and increased exercise
changes during the course of pregnancy. (II) can provide steady, sustainable results. (III)
Most health-care providers will do a Health experts recommend a rate of
pregnancy blood test at the first prenatal visit nonsurgical weight loss that targets no more
to confirm the pregnancy. (III) Hundreds of than a 10% drop in weight over no less than
hormones unique to pregnancy initiate and six months for optimal success in keeping the
facilitate these changes, the most obvious of weight off long term. (IV) Short-term weight
which are enlarged breasts and a steadily loss goals help monitor progress and
expanding belly. (IV) This biochemical flood is establish a sense of success. (V) Therefore,
also responsible for the emotional swings dietitians recommend people with weight
that characterize early pregnancy. (V) Nearly problems to start with easy and achievable
every body system modifies its functions in a goals to motivate themselves.
way to support the pregnancy and the
A) I
developing fetus.
B) II
A) I
C) III
B) II
D) IV
C) III
E) V
D) IV

E) V

62. (I) The heart is one of the most vital organs in

the human body. (II) Its function is to circulate
the blood by acting as a pump. (III) With each
heartbeat, blood is pushed into the arteries
and through the veins. (IV) It then courses
around the body in a one-way circuit so that it
eventually returns to the heart to repeat the
process. (V) With the exception of some
invertebrates, the heart is an anatomical
feature common to members of the animal
kingdom.

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

63. (I) The influenza pandemic of 1918 was, in 65. (I) Because of the need for the early
terms of loss of life, the most catastrophic development of a transport system within the
illness to have ever afflicted the world’s embryo, the organs of the vascular system
population. (II) Nothing before or since has are among the first to appear and to assume
approached its effects in terms of the number their functional role. (II) In fact, this system is
of fatalities or in the speed with which it established in its basic form by the fourth
spread. (III) From the latter part of the 19th week of embryonic life. (III) At approximately
century until World War I, many Europeans the 18th day of gestation, cells begin to group
and Americans had taken comfort in the idea together between the outer and inner skin of
that scientific and medical progress had
the embryo. (IV) In the human body, there
created a better world. (IV) Earlier recorded
exist discrete systems of vessels with
pandemics of influenza had taken place in
specific functions contributing to the overall
1781, 1847, and 1889. (V) The war shattered
circulation of blood. (V) These cells soon
most of that illusion, but any comfort that
become rearranged so that the more
might have been derived from advances in
peripheral ones join to form a continuous
medical science was not to be found as
millions died from the disease. flattened sheet enclosing more centrally
placed cells.
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V

64. (I) Variations in breathing result from changes

in metabolic demands in the tissues of the
body. (II) For example, during exercise,
increased levels of oxygen are needed to fuel
muscle function, and thus the number of
breaths taken per minute increases. (III) The
brain also seems to anticipate changes in the
metabolic rate caused by exercise. (IV) At the
opposite end of the spectrum, during sleep,
the body’s metabolic rate slows, and thus
breathing typically becomes lighter. (V)
However, the association between sleep and
breathing is more complicated than this
because brain activity changes as a person
progresses through the different stages of
sleep.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

ÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. According to the text, ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) we need to find a single treatment strategy if
we want to win the war against cancer

Cancer is one of the most invasive and destructive B) most patients avoid chemotherapy because it
diseases of our civilization. It is hard to treat because is the most painful treatment method
it spreads rapidly, and the number of cancer types is
C) the molecules currently used in chemotherapy
still increasing. Currently, 11 million people yearly are
may cause damage to healthy cells as well
diagnosed with cancer, and this number will increase
to 16 million yearly in 2020. Early diagnosis and D) cancer research is on the verge of stopping
effective treatment may save cancer patients from due to the lack of reliable data
death. The treatment varies but is usually a E) some doctors provide alternative therapies for
combination of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, their cancer patients, even though it is banned
hormonal therapy, and biological therapies, as well
as targeted therapy. The choice of therapy depends
on the type of cancer, its location and grade, the
stage of the disease, and the general state of a
patient. Among these treatments, chemotherapy
plays an important role. The most frequently used
chemotherapeutic agents are 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin,
paclitaxel, and docetaxel. These molecules typically
induce apoptosis in cancer cells, but they may also
be toxic to normal human cells and cause many side
effects. Therefore, it is imperative that we develop
new and more advanced molecules with anticancer
properties.

66. It is stated in the text that ---- .

68. The text is mainly about ---- .
A) it is the patients who choose the treatment
strategy A) the current methods of cancer treatment

B) early diagnosis has saved the lives of 11 B) the types of diagnosis regarding cancer
million cancer patients so far patients

C) new therapies help decrease the number of C) the current and future figures regarding
annual cancer patients cancer

D) the treatment of cancer involves a blend of D) the importance of clinical chemotherapy

distinct medical practices E) a comparison of modern cancer treatments
E) new cancer types are relatively easier to treat

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. According to the text, ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) nursing was just one of the many job
opportunities available to women in the 19th
century
Although the origins of nursing predate the mid-19th
century, the history of professional nursing B) Nightingale believed nursing would help
traditionally begins with Florence Nightingale. In women become economically independent
Nightingale’s era, the nursing of strangers, either in individuals
hospitals or in their homes, was not seen as a C) scientific principles played as important a role
respectable career for well-bred ladies, who, if they as traditional family values did in nursing
wished to nurse, were expected to do so only for sick
family members and intimate friends. In a radical D) in the 19th century, there appeared many
departure from these views, Nightingale believed that institutions throughout Europe to train women
well-educated women, using scientific principles and as professional nurses
informed education about healthy lifestyles, could E) at the time of Florence Nightingale, women
dramatically improve the care of sick patients. were not allowed to work with strangers
Moreover, she believed that nursing provided an anywhere
ideal independent calling full of intellectual and social
freedom for women, who at that time had few other
career options. For centuries, most nursing of the
sick had taken place at home and had been the
responsibility of families, friends, and respected
community members with reputations as effective
healers. On the other hand, during epidemics, such
as cholera, typhus, and smallpox, men took on active
nursing roles. For example, Stephen Girard, a
wealthy French-born banker, won the hearts of his
fellow citizens for his compassionate nursing of the
victims of the 1793 yellow fever epidemic.

71. According to the text, Stephen Girard ---- .

69. We understand from the text that ---- . A) was one of the first wealthy businessmen who
invested in the healthcare sector
A) Florence Nightingale followed and
encouraged traditional nursing practices B) donated large sums of money to fight
epidemics, such as cholera, typhus, and
B) Florence Nightingale and Stephen Girard
smallpox
worked together to promote nursing as a
profession C) was a respected community member who
C) thanks to Florence Nightingale’s efforts, helped people in need of healthcare
women started to nurse sick family members D) financially supported Nightingale’s projects to
train young women as professional nurses
D) nursing began in the mid-19th century and
soon became a respectable career E) decided to help the sick after the 1793 yellow
fever epidemic claimed many lives in his
E) Florence Nightingale played a key role in the
home town
development of nursing as a profession

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. According to the text, ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) there may be some types of antibiotics in the
human body that we have not discovered yet

Some researchers in Germany have found that B) there is no reason to be alarmed about
Staphylococcus lugdunensis bacteria in the human antibiotic-resistant diseases
nasal cavity are capable of producing lugdunin. It is a
C) Staphylococcus lugdunensis is produced by
powerful antibiotic with a previously undiscovered
various organs in our bodies
chemical structure. This is a surprising development
because normally antibiotics are formed only by soil D) cancer patients can be treated with
bacteria and fungi. The findings of the research open Staphylococcus lugdunensis
up the possibility of finding other new and useful E) soil bacteria make a more effective antibiotic
antibiotics in the human body. Tests on mice have than those in the human body
shown that lugdunin can be used to combat
pathogens that have become resistant to many
traditional antibiotics. One potential use of this new
type of antibiotic would be to introduce the harmless
lugdunin-forming bacteria to patients who are at risk
from MRSA, a bacterial infection. This new antibiotic
may also be an effective tool to fight the growing
problem of antibiotic resistance, caused by improper
use of antibiotics. Lugdunin may save thousands of
people’s lives as recent studies suggest that more
people will die from resistant bacteria in the coming
decades than from cancer.

74. It is clear from the text that ---- .

72. Staphylococcus lugdunensis ---- . A) MRSA may be one of the diseases that
A) is a kind of antibiotic that is produced from soil lugdunin can treat
bacteria B) the number of deaths caused by cancer will
B) is the only antibiotic that pathogens cannot exceed those attributable to antibiotic-
develop resistance to resistant diseases

C) is a bacterium that has developed resistance C) lugdunin has the same chemical structure as
to all known antibiotics soil bacteria

D) may be a very effective antibiotic for some D) human trials have shown that lugdunin will be
antibiotic-resistant diseases a very effective antibiotic

E) has been discovered accidentally during a E) lugdunin is planned to be used for infections
research project into antibiotics of the human nasal cavity

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. 76. It is clear from the text that ---- .

A) the primitive art of healing was based on the

study of human anatomy and physiology
Medicine has been practiced in various ways
throughout history. In primitive societies, the art of B) Western medicine continues to use all the
healing was an experimental process, largely guided schemes of medicine embedded in folklore
by trial and error. Many diseases were believed to be C) the shift from traditional to modern medicine
brought upon humans by demons or other was sudden and unexpected
supernatural phenomena. Thus, much of the early art
of healing dealt with intangible elements of human D) today there are still countries where people
culture. Over time, however, as more became known prefer traditional treatment methods
about human disease and as the practice of E) modern medicine has failed to explain
medicine was gradually refined, systems of medicine supernatural phenomena
embedded in folklore were surmounted by systems
grounded in the scientific study of basic human
anatomy and physiology. This shift marked a major
turning point in the history of medicine. Western
medicine has since become the standard against
which all other forms of medicine are measured for
their ability to diagnose and treat human disease.
Despite its dominance in the West, however, modern
medicine is not the most widely practiced form of
medicine in the world today. Rather, various forms of
traditional medicine, with origins in places such as
Asia and Latin America, are the primary means of
healing for the majority of the modern world’s
population.

75. According to the text, ---- .

77. The text is mainly about ---- .
A) the practice of medicine was gradually refined
and systemized by primitive societies A) the key role primitive societies played in the
development of medicine
B) most medical problems in primitive
communities were explained with B) some of the disadvantages of modern
superstitious beliefs medicine

C) experimental processes eradicated medical C) the evolution of medicine into a modern

problems in primitive communities scientific practice

D) the first examples of modern medicine can be D) the role of Western countries in fighting
traced back to primitive communities against traditional medical practices

E) primitive societies suffered from numerous E) the similarities between traditional and
diseases that cannot be cured even by modern medical practices
modern medicine

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. It is clear from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) fat uses much more energy than muscles do

B) a certain amount of body fat is vital for women

A person’s gender, along with other factors, to give birth
determines his or her ideal amount of body fat.
C) women’s muscles are thicker than men’s due
Women need more body fat than men to maintain
to the skin layer
their fertility. On average, healthy women have 22%
body fat, and healthy men have 14%. To maintain D) a woman with 35% body fat is accepted as
essential body functions, women need at least 12% healthy
body fat, but not more than 32%; for men, the range E) the younger we are, the more body fat we
is between 3% and 29%. This difference between store
females and males is due to the fact that women
store more fat on their breasts, hips, and thighs than
men do. This difference in muscle mass leads to
increased energy use by males, since muscles use
more energy than fat does. Women also have an 8%
thicker layer of skin under the outer epidermal layer
than men. This means that, in a woman and a man
of similar strength and body fat, the woman’s
muscles would look smoother and less defined than
the man’s would. Apart from this, a person’s frame
size also influences body fat—larger-boned people
carry more fat. In addition, body fat tends to increase
with age.

80. The text is mainly about ---- .

78. According to the text ---- .
A) how body fat changes as we grow older
A) there is no relationship between the size of
the bones and the amount of body fat B) how much body fat one should have to be
healthy
B) women need more energy than men due to
muscle mass C) the distribution and function of body fat in both
genders
C) men need to store more body fat because of
their need for energy D) the reasons why women have more body fat
than men
D) gender is the only factor determining the
amount of body fat E) the relationship between body fat and certain
diseases
E) men’s skin layer is thinner than that of women

ʹʹ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI 

A Grubu Cevap Anahtarı

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

E D B C A D E A C B D E A D C B A E B A

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

A C E B A C E B C D A C D B A A E B D C

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

E B D A C D E B D C E A B E C D E B E B

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

A E D C D D C A E B C D A A B D C E B C

ʹ͵
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART
2019
FEN SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4. According to recent studies, your biological
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi clock can be confused ---- you are affected by
bulunuz. bright computer light right before bedtime.

A) but

1. the benefits of genetic engineering in food B) besides

production, many individuals express C) though
concerns regarding the ethics of the new
technology and its effect on food safety. D) if

A) In spite of E) otherwise

B) Similar to

C) As far as

D) As a result of

E) Owing to

5. Vietnam, which borders the South China Sea,

has a moist, tropical climate, and its
highlands are ----- forested.
2. Some bacteria ----- nitrogen and carbon from A) excitedly
decaying organic matter, and then release
these gases into the atmosphere to be reused B) publicly
by other living things. C) easily
A) defend D) regularly
B) fail E) densely
C) recycle

D) delete

E) confuse

6. The Earth has a unique set of characteristics

3. In Brazil, the Renca reserve covers 46,000 to support life; for instance, it is ----- too hot,
square kilometers and has untouched forests like Mercury, the closest planet to the Sun, ----
---- several valuable minerals, including gold. too cold, like distant Mars.

A) like A) neither / nor

B) as well as B) more / than

C) because of C) so / as

D) such as D) as / well

E) even if E) both / and

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

7. The study of ecosystems ----- increasingly 10. Hydrogen----- so easy to make (one just adds
sophisticated in the 20th century, and today it a metal to an acid) that it ---- as early as the
---- us investigate and control the late 15th century.
environmental effects of industrialization.
A) was / is being known
A) has become / has helped
B) has been / will be known
B) became / helps
C) is / was known
C) becomes / is helping
D) will be / is known
D) was becoming / helped
E) had been / has been known
E) had become / was helping

8. Every precaution should be taken to protect

groundwater purity, because once
contaminated, groundwater is difficult, 11. Plastics are synthetic materials that can be
expensive, and sometimes impossible to ---- . turned -----various shapes, and they have
many applications ---- engineering.
A) cool down
A) on / to
B) stay out
B) for / off
C) pass away
C) at / from
D) clean up
D) into / in
E) heat up
E) over / on

9. Amphibians, reptiles, and most fish are

known as poikilothermic, which means that
their body temperature is always ----- that of
12. Much of the arctic tundra is permanently -----
their environment.
ground, and only its active layer melts during
A) too much the growing season.

B) much more A) close

C) as many as B) early

D) too many C) frozen

E) the same as D) thin

E) outdoor

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

13. The ozone hole is potentially dangerous ---- 17. Pure water does not exist in nature as it
the ozone in the atmosphere prevents much always has some minerals or other ----
of the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet light from dissolved in it.
reaching Earth.
A) expeditions
A) because
B) comments
B) until
C) imitations
C) for instance
D) substances
D) consequently
E) advantages
E) nevertheless

18. In animals, many metabolites are obtained by

14. Although cholesterol was isolated as early as the digestion of food, ----- in plants, only the
the 1700s, productive research into its basic starting materials, such as water and
structure did not begin ----- the 20th century. minerals, are externally derived.

A) for A) even after

B) until B) in other words

C) last C) whereas

D) while D) just as

E) since E) moreover

19. The largest known prime number, with more

15. Recently, biologists ---- mini-kidneys that can
produce urine, which ---- a big step toward than 23 million digits, ------ n December 2017
repairing damaged organs. by an electrical engineer called Jonathan
Pace.
A) can grow / had been
A) is discovered
B) had grown / will be
B) was discovered
C) used to grow / has been
C) was discovering
D) are growing / was
D) had discovered
E) have grown / is
E) discovered

16. In a natural disaster, seconds of warning are

20. Fat cells contain enzymes that can break
really vital; ----- , scientists use the latest
down fat into glycerol and fatty acids, ----- can
advances to try to predict when it will happen.
be transported in the blood to the liver.
A) therefore
A) whether
B) so that
B) how
C) however
C) which
D) likewise
D) what
E) in contrast
E) where

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) But
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
 B) When

C) If
Overpopulation, climate change, ---21--- of
biodiversity, lack of fresh water supply, and pollution D) As long as
are key environmental issues that Earth is facing E) Though
today. What happens when all these resources
eventually ---22--- completely? Well, the good news
is that scientists have recently discovered a new
habitable exoplanet that is similar to Earth –
Proxima-B. ---23--- the search for life and other
possible habitable planets has always captivated
scientists and researchers, it was only in recent
years that advanced telescope technology has been
made available to detect planets outside of our solar
system. An optical reflecting telescope, ---24---,
24.
helped scientists observe Proxima-B and its orbiting
star this year. However, even ---25--- the latest A) on the contrary
technological advancements, it would still take
B) in contrast
70,000 years for us to get there.
C) for example

D) on the other hand

E) as though
21.

A) loss

B) objection

C) extent

D) path

E) relief

25.

A) on
22.
B) with
A) bump into
C) in
B) put off
D) about
C) make up
E) down
D) run out

E) turn down

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) into
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) with

C) after
Scientists in Japan have built an early prototype of a
device that (26) your skin into a computer display. D) under
The device is (27) polymer light-emitting diodes E) off
(LED) that are just three micrometers thick. It is also
equipped (28) organic photodetectors. In the concept
test, the University of Tokyo researchers put the
LEDs on a flexible rubber sublayer and connected
them to a sensor (29) measures blood oxygen levels.
Then, they attached them to a human hand using
some thin plastic. If you (30) the thin plastic, the
effect is somewhat similar to having an LED tattoo. It
is hoped that the technology will be used to make
wearable devices much less bulky and annoying.
29.

A) how

B) why

C) when

D) that

E) where
26.

A) could change

B) had changed

C) used to change

D) changed

E) had to change

30.
27.
A) ignore
A) pointed out
B) had ignored
B) put up with
C) ignored
C) taken off
D) will ignore
D) turned back
E) would ignore
E) made up of

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 33. As people live longer, their ability to fight
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. infectious agents is impaired; ---- .

A) similarly, diseases that were widespread have
already been wiped out across many regions
31. The innermost part of Earth is far too deep to
B) instead, as lifestyles of people change, new
investigate directly, ---- .
opportunities arise for deadly agents to infect
A) because these experiments can provide a them
window into what Earth’s interior was like
C) for instance, the bacteria causing Lyme
soon after it first formed disease have only been isolated in the past
B) while a research team subjected alloys of iron few decades
and nickel mixed with silicon to high D) however, they develop a tendency to identify
pressures and temperatures the causative agents of infectious diseases
C) so, instead, scientists study how seismic E) as a result, the organisms that are usually
waves pass through this region to learn unable to cause disease become potentially
something of its makeup deadly agents

D) for example, the Earth’s core is mainly

composed of iron and nickel 34. Technical advances of the 19th century
E) this discovery could help us to better broadened the field of engineering; ---- .
understand how our world formed A) in contrast, mechanical engineering was
recognized as a separate branch
B) this was done by introducing a large number
of engineering specialties
C) however, they apply scientific and engineering
skills to technical problems
D) thus, the term “engineer” also defines a
person who has received training
E) as a result, large-scale construction work
started before the 18th century

32. Whereas large-leaved plants like bananas 35. The embryo has three primary layers that
usually grow in the tropics, ---- . undergo many interactions ---- .

A) day and night temperatures affect their sizes A) in order to evolve into organ, bone, muscle,
skin, or neural tissue
B) they take in more of the sun’s heat
B) because the nervous system of an adult
C) plants with large leaves survive tropical contains a vast array of cell types
climates
C) while there is an enormous gap between
D) plants with small leaves tend to be found humans and insects
closer to the poles
D) although the brain is a cellular machine that
E) large-leaved trees can cool down a lot faster acts as an organizer
E) due to the movement and processing of
information in an adult brain

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

36 ----- , they need their habitats to remain stable 39. Water occurs as rain clouds, consisting of
over a long time. water droplets; ---- .

A) As long as there is enough food to feed their A) as a result, minerals in solution must be
offspring sanitized on a regular basis

B) If parasites modified the behavior of their B) however, hydrology is the science concerned
hosts with the distribution of water

C) Since many organisms in deep seas grow C) therefore, blood in animals and people as well
very slowly as sap in plants consist of water

D) Although certain animals are still being kept in D) for example, it has the capacity to freeze and
zoos melt at any given time

E) When it recognizes that it is under serious E) in addition, it also appears in the form of
threat swamps, lakes, rivers, and oceans

37. The concerns about the ozone hole began to 40 ----- , but they can continue to do this only to
rise in the mid-1980s, ---- . the degree that humans’ environmental
impact will allow.
A) when British scientists noticed it was widening
A) A customer may prefer environmentally-
B) before the ozone hole was first discovered in
friendly products nowadays
the 1950s
B) Ecosystems provide us with valuable and
C) so the outcomes of the scientific studies are
sometimes irreplaceable resources
satisfying
C) The recent rise in the price of the oil is
D) if every nation in the world signed the
expected to cause more unemployment
Montreal Protocol
D) The number of animal species is declining too
E) as the hole in the ozone over the Antarctic is
fast to prevent it all around the world
closing
E) This neighborhood used to be a good place to
raise your children
38. Although much is now understood about ants
and their social structures, ---- .
41. The immune system, like the brain, differs in
A) it is a type of insect that follows its genetic
sophistication in different animals, ---- .
codes to look for food
A) the most important component of which is the
B) they work together to build remarkably
white blood cell
complex structures
B) which consists of many different types of cells
C) an ant colony can consist of hundreds to
distributed over the entire body
millions of individual ants
C) but the overall principles are the same across
D) scientists can still fully explain neither their
many species
individual nor group behavior
D) so it only attacks foreign pathogens with the
E) ant colonies provide some significant
goal of preventing harm to the body
examples of complex systems
E) whereas many types of cells participate in the
orchestration of the immune response

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

ÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 44. It is difficult for scientists to detect and
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. understand dark matter as it does not interact
 with magnetic force.

A) Manyetik güçle etkileşime geçmediği için,

42. Hydrogen is the most abundant element karanlık maddenin tespit edilmesi ve
found in the universe, and, therefore, it is
anlaşılması oldukça zordur.
considered by many people to be the clean
fuel of the future. B) Manyetik güçle etkileşime geçmeyen karanlık
A) Hidrojen, evrende bol bulunan bir element madde, bilim insanları tarafından zorlukla
olduğu için çoğu kişi hidrojenin geleceğin keşfedilmiş ve anlaşılmıştır.
temiz yakıtı olacağını düşünüyor. C) Bilim insanları zor da olsa manyetik güçle
B) İnsanlar tarafından geleceğin temiz yakıtı etkileşime geçmeyen karanlık maddeyi
olarak görülen hidrojen, evrende bol miktarda keşfetmiş ve onu anlamışlardır.
bulunan elementtir.
D) Manyetik güçle etkileşime geçmediği için,
C) Evrende en kolay şekilde ulaşılan element karanlık maddeyi tespit etmek ve anlamak
hidrojendir ve bu yüzden bu element bilim insanları için zordur.
geleceğin temiz yakıtı olarak
düşünülmektedir. E) Karanlık maddenin bilim insanları tarafından
tespiti zordur, çünkü manyetik güçle hiç
D) Hidrojen, evrende bol olan elementtir ve çoğu
etkileşime geçmemiştir.
insan, hidrojeni geleceğin en temiz yakıtı
olarak adlandırır.
E) Hidrojen, evrende en bol miktarda bulunan 45. The brain consumes more oxygen than other
elementtir ve bu yüzden çoğu kişi tarafından organs in the body, which makes it extremely
geleceğin temiz yakıtı olarak düşünülür.
susceptible to damage related to oxygen
deficiency.
43. A logical system for scientific methods was A) Oksijen yetmezliği ile ilgili hasarlara karşı aşırı
first put forward by the English philosopher hassas olan beyin, vücuttaki tüm organlardan
Francis Bacon in the early 17th century. daha fazla oksijene ihtiyaç duyar.
A) Mantıksal bir sistemi olan bilimsel yöntemler, B) Beyin, vücuttaki diğer bütün organların
ilk kez 17. yüzyılın başında İngiliz filozof
toplamından daha fazla oksijen tüketir, bu
Francis Bacon tarafından çalışılmıştır.
nedenle oksijen yetmezliği beyin için çok
B) İngiliz filozof Francis Bacon, mantığın ancak büyük bir problem olabilir.
bilimsel yöntemlerle açıklanabileceğini 17.
yüzyılın başlarında öne sürmüştür. C) Beyin, diğer organlardan çok daha fazla
oksijen tüketir, bu durum onu oksijen
C) Bilimsel yöntemler için mantıksal bir sistem, yetmezliğinden kaynaklanan hasarlara karşı
ilk kez 17. yüzyılın başında İngiliz filozof
zayıf hâle getirebilir.
Francis Bacon tarafından öne sürülmüştür.
D) Vücutta en fazla oksijen tüketen organlardan
D) Bilimsel yöntemler için mantıksal bir sistemin,
17. yüzyılın başında İngiliz filozof Francis biri olan beyin, oksijen yetmezliği ile ilgili
Bacon tarafından öne sürüldüğü kabul edilir. hasarlara karşı oldukça savunmasızdır.

E) Bilimsel yöntemleri tanımlamak için bir mantık E) Beyin, vücuttaki diğer organlardan daha fazla
sistemi kuran İngiliz Francis Bacon, 17. yüzyıl oksijen tüketir, bu da onu oksijen yetmezliği
başında yaşamış İngiliz filozoftu. ile ilgili hasarlara karşı aşırı hassas hâle
getirir.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

46. Using electronic devices, such as a mobile 47. When a developing fetus or young child is
phone, before bedtime inhibits the release of constantly exposed to arsenic, some health
melatonin hormone and increases the level of issues may develop quickly, but other
stress. problems may not show up until later periods
in life.
A) Cep telefonlarının yatmadan önce
kullanılmasının, melatonin hormonunun A) Gelişmekte olan bir fetüs ya da küçük bir
salgılanmasını durdurduğu ve stres seviyesini çocuk sürekli arseniğe maruz kaldığında, bazı
arttırdığı ortaya konmuştur. sağlık sorunları hızla gelişebilir, fakat diğer
problemler hayatın sonraki dönemlerine kadar
B) Yatmadan önce cep telefonu ve diğer
ortaya çıkmayabilir.
elektronik cihazların kullanımı, melatonin
hormonunun salgılanmasını durdurarak stres B) Arseniğe maruz kaldığında bir fetüsün ya da
seviyesini artırabilir. küçük bir çocuğun bazı sağlık sorunları ile
karşılaşma ihtimali çok yüksek olabilir, ancak
C) Yatmadan önce cep telefonu gibi elektronik
bazıları da bu sorunlarla hayatları boyunca
cihazları kullanırsak, melatonin hormonunun
karşılaşmayabilir.
salgılayamayız ve stres seviyemiz artar.
C) Sürekli olarak arseniğe maruz kalan bir fetüs
D) Yatmadan önce cep telefonu gibi elektronik
ya da küçük bir çocukta sağlık sorunları
cihazların kullanılması, melatonin
gelişebilir, fakat diğerleri hayatın sonraki
hormonunun salgılanmasını engeller ve stres
dönemlerine kadar ortaya çıkmayabilir.
seviyesini artırır.
D) Gelişmeye devam eden bir fetüs ya da küçük
E) Melatonin hormonunun salgılanmasını
bir çocuk arseniğe maruz kaldığında, bazı
engelleyen şeylerden biri de yatmadan önce
sağlık sorunları ile karşılaşabilir, fakat diğerleri
cep telefonu gibi elektronik cihazların
hayatının sonuna kadar ortaya çıkmayabilir.
kullanımıdır.
E) Gelişmekte olan bir fetüsün ya da küçük bir
çocuğun bazı sağlık sorunları
yaşayabilmesinin sebeplerinden biri sürekli
olarak arseniğe maruz bırakılması olabilir,
ancak bu sorun yaşayacağı anlamına gelmez.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 49. Fırtınaların sıklığında ve şiddetindeki olası
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. değişikliklerin deniz yaşamı üzerinde son
derece zararlı etkileri olabilir.

A) Marine life is affected negatively by potential

48. Yarı iletken plastikten yapılan düşük maliyetli
changes in the frequency and intensity of
alıcılar, nörolojik hastalıklar gibi çeşitli sağlık
harmful storms.
problemlerini teşhis etmek veya gözlemlemek
için kullanılabilir. B) The frequency and intensity of storms around
the world could change the potential cycle of
A) Low-cost sensors that are made from
marine life.
semiconducting plastic will likely be used to
diagnose or monitor health problems, like C) Marine life has never been affected by the
neurological diseases. potential changes in the frequency and
intensity of storms.
B) Low-cost sensors made from
semiconducting plastic could be used to D) Potential changes in the frequency and
diagnose or monitor various health problems, intensity of storms may dramatically affect the
like neurological diseases. diversity of marine life.

C) Neurological diseases may be diagnosed with E) Potential changes in the frequency and
low-cost sensors made from semiconducting intensity of storms may have extremely
plastic, but monitoring them requires more harmful effects on marine life.
advanced devices.

D) Low-cost sensors made from

semiconducting plastic help diagnose or
monitor various health problems, like
neurological diseases. 50. Yeryüzündeki sıcaklık deniz seviyesinde
E) Low-cost sensors are made from ortalama 15°C derecedir; ancak bu enleme,
semiconducting plastic that could cause a yüksekliğe, mevsime ve günün saatine göre
wide range of health problems, such as değişiklik gösterir.
neurological diseases. A) Latitude, elevation, season, and time of day
determine the temperature on Earth, but it
usually averages 15°C at sea level.

B) The temperature on Earth is measured 15°C

on average at sea level; however, it may vary
as a result of seasonal and timely changes.

C) The temperature on Earth averages 15°C at

sea level; however, it varies according to
latitude, elevation, season, and time of day.

D) The temperature at sea level averages 15°C;

however, it may vary according to latitude,
elevation, season, and time of day.

E) The temperature on Earth varies according to

latitude, elevation, and season; but it is
usually about 15°C at sea level during the
day.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

51. İnsanlar günlük yaşamlarında bir evin 53. Bir inşaat mühendisi, genellikle diğer
duvarları için ne kadar boyanın gerekli mühendislik alanlarının temel bilgisine ihtiyaç
olduğunu hesaplamak gibi işler için geometri duyar, çünkü çoğu mühendislik konuları
formüllerine ihtiyaç duyarlar. birbiriyle bağlantılıdır.
A) People need geometric formulas in everyday A) Most engineering issues are generally
life for tasks, such as calculating how much interrelated; therefore, civil engineers need
paint is necessary for the walls of a house. knowledge of other basic engineering fields.
B) In order to carry out certain tasks in everyday B) A civil engineer usually needs basic
life, like calculating how much paint will be knowledge of other engineering fields,
needed for the walls of a house, people need
because most engineering issues are
certain geometric formulas.
interrelated.
C) Geometric formulas are required for tasks in
C) A civil engineer usually needs certain basic
everyday life, such as calculating how much
knowledge of other engineering fields
paint is necessary for all the walls of a house.
because it is essential to deal with related
D) People need to know geometric formulas in issues.
order to carry out tasks, such as calculating
how much paint they will need to cover the D) A basic knowledge of various engineering
walls of a house. fields is essential for a civil engineer as many
engineering issues seem interrelated.
E) It is necessary for people to know geometric
formulas when they perform tasks, such as E) The basic aim of civil engineers is to have
calculating how much paint is necessary for basic knowledge of other engineering fields,
the walls of a house. as they apply it on an interrelated issue.

52. 1920’lere kadar, radyasyonla ilgili çoğu

çalışma, radyoaktif mineraller ya da x ışınları
gibi insan yapımı elektromanyetik radyasyon
ile ilgiliydi.

A) Until the 1920s, most studies of radiation

were concerned with radioactive minerals
other than electromagnetic radiation, such as
x-rays.
B) Until the 1920s, many scientists preferred to
conduct research into radioactive minerals or
electromagnetic radiation, such as x-rays.

C) Radioactive minerals or man-made

electromagnetic radiation, such as x-rays,
were the main fields of study until the 1920s.
D) Until the 1920s, most studies of radiation
were related to radioactive minerals or man-
made electromagnetic radiation, such as x-
rays.

E) Until the 1920s, studies of radiation were

generally related to radioactive minerals and
man-made electromagnetic radiation like x-
rays.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

ÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. The brain receives a constant stream of
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere information as electrical impulses from
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. neurons in the sense organs. ---- . If it is
irrelevant, it is allowed to fade away, and we
are not conscious of it. However, if it is novel
54. Many bacteria are anaerobic; that is, they do or important, the brain amplifies the signals,
not consume oxygen and, indeed, are causing them to be represented in various
opposed to it. ---- . The atmosphere at that regions. If this activity is sustained for long
time was probably a mixture of nitrogen with enough, it will result in a conscious
gases such as carbon monoxide and water experience. In some cases, thoughts are
vapor, or perhaps methane. These primitive taken one step further, and the brain instructs
bacteria needed some source of energy to the body to act on them, by sending signals
drive their biochemical processes, and some to the muscles to make them contract.
researchers believe they may have at first
A) No one knows exactly how electrical activity in
found this source in the heat and chemical
the brain turns into experience
energy of undersea volcanoes.
B) Unconscious brain processing, however,
A) All living organisms need oxygen to sustain
guides and sometimes initiates actions
life in their surroundings
C) The first thing it does is to determine whether
B) When life began, over 3.8 billion years ago,
the information requires attention
the first cells were also anaerobic
D) They respond to stimuli in much the same
C) At an early stage in biological life, sunlight
way: they generate electrical signals
was the only source of energy
E) The primary task of the brain is to maintain
D) There is no known geological process that
the whole body in an optimal state
can maintain a high level of oxygen

E) A planet with an oxygen blanket could support

life but does not necessarily do so

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

56. Buildings that can change shape in a split 57. Cyberattacks will become more common in
second or fold into a bag. It sounds futuristic, the years ahead. That is not just a problem for
but the technology is within reach, since big companies and governments: every
scientists from Harvard University have person who uses modern technology is a
managed to develop a material that can target. At risk is not abstract data or
change size, shape, and volume on command. “secrets”. Cybersecurity is now about
The very strong material can also change its protecting things, infrastructures, and
hardness to become either bendable or processes that support modern life.
completely inflexible. ---- . The new material Governments and technology companies
is, however, not made of paper, but rather of cannot secure cyberspace alone. It will take a
the artificial material polyethylene, which is collective immune system to do the job.
folded into a cube with two missing sides and Individuals also have a role to play. ---- .
combined with other, completely identical
A) In the coming years, cyberattacks will almost
cubes.
certainly increase, and that will be a serious
A) The scientists were inspired by the traditional problem for all of us
Japanese art form of origami, or the art of
B) Recently, criminals accessed the data of more
paper folding
than 80 million customers of the health
B) The material will also react to electric insurance company called Anthem
impulses, so it can more easily change shape
C) Now that everyone is connected in some way
in the field
to cyberspace—through phones, laptops,
C) The paper house invented by the scientists corporate networks—we are all defenseless
can be folded along all edges, and it changes
D) Every network-connected person needs to
volume
support the immune system by practicing the
D) It can be used for a number of different cyber equivalent of personal hygiene
purposes, such as building refugee camps or
E) For instance, cybercriminals stole the credit-
even spacecraft
card information and personal data of millions
E) It changes shape by means of pressurized air, of people from companies
which forces the building blocks to change
shape

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

58. One colony of bees can carry pollen between 59. For decades, genetics taught us a simple
300 million flowers in a single day, and hives truth: Each cell in our body, at some point in
are transported between fields across the its development, contains the blueprint that
world to fertilize 70% of our most widely tells us how to grow. ---- . A group of
consumed crops. They also help plants to researchers from Harvard University now
produce better crops, increase yields, and says that tiny bioelectric signals surging
trigger fruits, nuts, and seeds to grow larger. through and among our cells act as an
It is not just fruits and vegetables that would instruction to kick-start gene expression.
go missing from our kitchens if the bees died, These signals point cells in the right direction
either. ---- . as they start to grow into a heart or a hair
follicle, and influence the shape and function
A) However, the disappearance of bees would
of the body.
not be the end of food altogether
A) Moreover, it is quite similar to a human body
B) Moreover, a single bee makes one twelfth of a
teaspoon of honey during its lifetime B) A cell consists of cytoplasm and a nucleus

C) Therefore, we need these little creatures to C) These scientists could not find these signals
keep our supermarkets stocked
D) Therefore, the shape of our body matters
D) Flies, birds, moths, and butterflies are all
E) However, that might not be the whole story
important pollinators, too

E) Our livestock also feed on crops like alfalfa

and clover, which bees pollinate

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) Planets that orbit other stars are called
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü exoplanets. (II) The surface of Ganymede, the
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. largest moon in the solar system, appears to
have a dual personality. (III) Some regions are
dark and densely cratered, suggesting that
60. (I) One of the most important distinctions they look much the same today as they did
made by embryologists was the difference billions of years ago. (IV) Other regions are
between analogy and homology. (II) Both light-colored with very few craters,
terms refer to structures that appear to be suggesting that liquid water has recently
similar. (III) Homologous structures are those erupted and refrozen. (V) Moreover, magnetic
organs whose underlying similarity is the field data indicate that Ganymede, like
result of their being from a common ancestral Europa, could have a subsurface ocean of
structure. (IV) Embryology is a subdivision of liquid water.
anatomy that deals with developmental
changes that occur before birth. (V) On the A) I
other hand, analogous structures are those
B) II
whose similarity comes from their performing
a similar function, rather than their arising C) III
from a common ancestor.
D) IV
A) I
E) V
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
63. (I) When prospectors discovered the first
underground helium reserve in 1903, they
61. (I) Technological enthusiasm pertains to the deemed the gas useless because it was not
ideal of wanting to develop new technological flammable and could not be sold as fuel. (II)
possibilities and take up technological Earth might generate helium gas naturally by
challenges. (II) The inherent danger of underground radioactivity. (III) Over a century
technological advances lies in the possible
later, liquid helium has become an invaluable
negative effects of technology and the
coolant for MRI scanners, and the gas also
relevant social constraints. (III) This is an
has applications in nuclear power. (IV) Yet
ideal that motivates many engineers. (IV) It is
fitting that Samuel Florman refers to this as supplies on Earth are finite and unreliable
“the existential pleasures of engineering”. (V) because reserves have only been found
One good example of technological accidentally during petroleum exploration. (V)
enthusiasm is the development of Google Now, experts have discovered one of the
Earth, a program with which, via the Internet, world’s largest helium fields, this time in the
it is possible to zoom in on the Earth’s Tanzanian Rift Valley, on purpose.
surface.
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

64. (I) The North Pole is one of the most remote 65. (I) The fast increasing industrialization was
places on the planet. (II) Despite the harsh based on import of cheap raw materials and
environment, there is contention over its export of finished products. (II) This was only
ownership as there could be rich natural possible if the transport systems kept up with
resources beneath the ice. (III) To ensure its demand and could offer reasonable prices.
presence in the Arctic, the Canadian (III) With these innovations, Britain produced
government has started working on drones the best iron in the highest quantities by the
capable of surviving the harsh climatic late 18th century. (IV) The canal system was
conditions. (IV) This is because explorers relatively cheap but time-consuming. (V) Soon
have died in the sub-zero temperatures of the two new transport modes were invented to
most northerly point on the planet, and cope with the demands of the Industrial
drones would be likely to take their place. (V) Revolution: Steamship and Railways.
Additionally, as the Arctic is impacted by the
A) I
climate change, the natural gas and oil will be
easier to extract. B) II

A) I C) III

B) II D) IV

C) III E) V

D) IV

E) V

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. It is clear from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) some political leaders are worried because
they think competitiveness in computer
programming may cause problems between
The call for all students to learn computer countries
programming is growing louder. Some believe that
computer science instruction in public schools can B) it is necessary to have an adequate number
close achievement gaps among socioeconomic of qualified teachers and a good curriculum to
groups and help students compete with those in start teaching computer programming in
other countries. Supporters of this idea include schools
business leaders who will employ the next C) some people may lose their jobs in the future
generation of engineers and programmers, as well if computer programming becomes available
as government officials who are worried about the to every individual
country’s competitiveness in computer programming.
However, others argue that coding for all students D) governments need to step in to overcome
will create logistical challenges, including a shortage inequalities in students’ access to computers
of teachers, the absence of an agreed-on curriculum, E) business leaders have some serious doubts
and inequalities in students’ access to computers. about the benefits of teaching computer
Some critics also argue that coding represents a programming in schools
narrow technical focus and that business leaders
who will benefit from this are pushing it on schools. A
potential middle ground involves teaching
“computational thinking,” In other words, there is a
need to develop habits of mind that include breaking
down a problem, designing systems, and running
small experiments to see which approaches fail and
which succeed.

68. From the text, we can infer that ---- .

66. The text is mainly about ---- . A) young people need to be encouraged to share
their ideas about computer programming and
A) controversial ideas about teaching computer their future careers
programming in public schools
B) business leaders and government officials will
B) why every child should learn computer soon come to an agreement about computer
programming at an early age programming education
C) new job opportunities created by the C) the disadvantages of computational thinking
introduction of computer programming outweigh its advantages
D) the negative effects of coding and D) the future of certain businesses depend solely
programming on school curricula on computer programming
E) the reasons for supporting computer E) computational thinking may be an answer to
programming courses at schools the ongoing debate about computer
programming education

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. It is stated in the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız.
A) the extent of light pollution is growing
dramatically each year only in densely
populated countries
Last year, an international team of astronomers
published a shocking new report on the extent of B) the report issued last year also offers some
light pollution on Earth. The bottom line for those solutions for the problem of night-time
who care about the night sky is significant: Some pollution
80% of the globe is adversely affected by night-time
C) night-time light pollution has some severe
light pollution, and the problem in North America is
health effects on people in big cities
growing worse by 6% each year. More than 99% of
Europeans do not see a dark night sky. By D) the rate of night-time light pollution in Europe
percentage of population, Singapore is the most is far higher than the world average rate
light-polluted country on Earth, followed by Kuwait, E) African countries do not care about the night
Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Africa is home sky as they have very few amateur
to the top 10 least light-polluted countries. Such a astronomers
pollution creates a significant problem; disturbingly,
almost one-third of the world’s population cannot fully
see the Milky Way. Light pollution is also amateur
astronomers’ worst enemy as this is not a hobby you
do in your basement. That is why an institute is
offering a place for amateur astronomers to go,
called Dark Sky New Mexico. The site offers world-
class dark skies within a four-hour drive of major
southwestern cities. The institute provides remote
observing and imaging from this pristine site.

71. It is clear from the text that ---- .

69. We understand from the text that ---- .
A) sites offering world-class dark skies are fewer
A) Dark Sky New Mexico is an unspoiled place in number if you travel from Europe to
not affected by night-time light pollution America
B) the group is offering Dark Sky New Mexico B) government have started to make large
because it is the nearest observing site investments to end light pollution
C) amateur astronomers need somewhere closer C) it is impossible for about 30% of the world
to the sky to observe the planets population to see the Milky Way
D) places like Dark Sky New Mexico are popular D) major southwestern cities are not affected by
sites among amateur astronomers light pollution as they are close to New
E) African countries are also severely affected by Mexico
the threat of night-time light pollution E) the number of amateur astronomers is
increasing despite the threat of light pollution

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. It can be understood from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) the study of the ordinary matter may help
scientists make predictions about the entire
galaxy
Careful study of the galaxy’s rotation reveals one of
the greatest mysteries in science. Stars at different B) we still do not know whether dark matter can
distances from the galactic center orbit at different be found in every galaxy or not
speeds, and we can learn how mass is distributed in C) much of the total energy content of the
the galaxy by measuring these speeds. Such studies universe comes from the ordinary matter
indicate that the stars in the disk of the galaxy
represent only the ”tip of the iceberg” compared to D) most of the mass lies unseen in the disk of
the mass of the entire galaxy. Most of the mass of the galaxy that surrounds it entirely
the galaxy seems to be located outside the visible E) the stars in the disk of the galaxy constitute
disk, in what we call the halo. We do not know the only a small proportion of the mass of the
nature of this mass, but we call it dark matter entire galaxy
because we have not detected any light coming from
it. Studies of other galaxies suggest that they are
also made mostly of dark matter, which means this
mysterious matter must significantly outweigh the
ordinary matter that makes up planets and stars. An
even more mysterious dark energy seems to make
up much of the total energy content of the universe.

72. According to the text, measuring the speed of

stars is necessary to ---- . 74. The text is mainly about ---- .

A) measure the distances from the galactic A) the results of scientific studies concerning the
center distribution of mass in the galaxy

B) understand the distribution of mass in the B) the scientific discoveries of the energy
galaxy sources of the universe

C) calculate and compare the mass of the whole C) how the Sun and other stars orbit the center
galaxy of the galaxy

D) prove why the previous physics theories were D) why billions of galaxies in the universe move
wrong relative to one another

E) show that interstellar travel is possible E) the consequences of not knowing the nature
of dark matter

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 76. It is clear from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) the new model was supposed to be designed
within 43 months

Towards the end of the 1960s, the Ford Motor B) the appearance and engineering of Ford Pinto
Company, one of the world’s largest car were equally valued
manufacturers, was gradually losing market share. In
C) the design of the new model car was
1968, President Lee Iacocca decided that a small
uncommon at that time
cheap car had to be designed quickly. This was to
become the Ford Pinto. The decision was to put it D) the primary aim in designing the new car
onto the market for less than $2,000 in 1970. This model was its safety
was a very competitive price, but the production E) the production of the new model car took
schedule for the car’s development was rushed. At more than two years
the time, car development normally required around
43 months. Only 24 months were reserved for the
Ford Pinto. Because the Pinto had to cost a
maximum of $2,000, a radical design was selected in
which styling took precedence over engineering
design. The safety aspect of the design did not
receive sufficient priority. There was no experience
with small cars within the company at all. Later it was
found that the gear construction in the rear axles was
situated in a way that would puncture the gas tank in
the event of a collision.

75. We understand from the text that ---- .

A) the engineers made careful calculations long 77. According to the text, ---- .
before they started to work on the new model A) the gear mechanism operated efficiently
B) the price of the Ford Pinto would be no less B) it took longer than average to design the new
than $2,000 on the market model
C) the Ford Motor Company refused to be C) the company produced several models like
rushed into designing the Ford Pinto the Pinto before
D) the Ford Motor Company produced a small D) safety issues were overlooked to an extent in
car in order to compete with its rivals the new design
E) since the Ford Pinto was a small car, the E) the new model became an immediate
duration of its production took less time than success on the market
expected

ʹʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. It can be understood from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) Thomson and Rutherford studied atoms
independently and had contradictory results

Toward the end of the 19th century, it became clear B) neither Thomson’s nor Rutherford’s
that atoms are not indivisible. The existence of experiments provided guidance to later
characteristic atomic spectra of elements suggested researchers
that atoms have an internal structure, and J. J. C) developments in the field of physics cannot be
Thomson’s discovery of the negatively charged attributed to the works of a single scientist
electron in 1897 showed that atoms could be broken
down into charged particles. Rutherford’s D) Rutherford had to modify his experiment to
experiments in 1910-1911 revealed that an atom’s validate his results regarding the effects of
positive charge resides in a small, dense nucleus. In nitrogen
1919, Rutherford made an additional discovery: E) when physicists raised general interest in
When alpha particles are fired into nitrogen, one of quantum mechanics, the structure of the atom
the products is hydrogen gas. He reasoned that the was completely understood
hydrogen nucleus is a constituent of the nuclei of
heavier atoms, such as nitrogen, and that a collision
with a fast-moving alpha particle can dislodge one of
those hydrogen nuclei. Thus, the hydrogen nucleus
is an elementary particle, to which Rutherford gave
the name proton. The following decade saw the
blossoming of quantum mechanics, including the
Schrödinger equation. It is owing to all these
physicists that today we are on our way to
understanding the principles that underlie atomic
structure.

80. The text is mainly about ---- .

78. It can be understood from the text that ---- .
A) the conflicting ideas of major physicists
A) Thomson was able to fill the gap in physics by
building on the theory of Rutherford B) common misconceptions of atomic structure
B) it was not until Thomson’s finding that atoms C) an analysis of the studies of Thomson and
were thought to be divided into particles Rutherford
C) Rutherford’s findings regarding the atomic D) the description of how an atom splits into
structure refuted Thomson’s theories particles
D) Rutherford succeeded in locating the nucleus E) the origins of the modern understanding of
near the positively-charged particle atomic structure
E) Thomson is usually credited with the
discovery of a subatomic particle called the
proton

ʹ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 FEN SORULARI 

A GRUBU CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

A C B D E A B D E C D C A B E A D C B C

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

A D E C B A E B D A C D E B A C A D E B

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

C E C D E D A B E C A D B B C A D E E D

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

B A B E C A B E A D C B E A D C D B C E

ʹͶ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM
2019
SOSYAL SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

1. In the US, the recent trend toward 4. Although there is some disagreement
accountability in education has increased the regarding ----- how to define transfer of
legal ----- for becoming and remaining certified learning, it is clear that it involves seemingly
as a teacher. simple similarity relations.

A) requirements B) incidents A) peculiarly B) importantly

C) facilities D) attitudes C) precisely D) intentionally

E) implications E) fiercely

2. Being an island, Britain has always had a 5. Ancient explorers named the Canary Islands
fresh ---- of fish and seafood, both from the Canaria from the Latin word canis because of
sea and freshwater rivers. the large dogs ----- the islands.

A) prospect B) supply A) resisting B) treating

C) opportunity D) reception C) inhabiting D) replacing

E) appeal E) inheriting

3. Tour operators occupy a role in tourism 6. All species of plants and animals tend to
industry, given their role as agents that produce more offspring than the environment
design, organise, package, market and can support, and this -----intense competition
operate vacation and other tours. for living space, resources, and mates.

A) significant B) dependant A) results in B) sets out

C) vague D) current C) work out D) puts off

E) descriptive E) takes on

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

7. The Amish ---- from a relatively small 10. The tension in Britain ----- modernism and the
founding population, and each major bourgeois theatre that had surfaced before
settlement----- largely genetically isolated the World War was not resolved ----- after the
from both other Amish settlements and the Second.
surrounding U.S populations for over 200
A) between / until B) among / by
years.
C) from/ over D) towards / with
A) originate / will remain
E) through / for
B) originated / has remained

C) had originated / remained

D) were originating / remains

E) have originated / had remained

11. Venice’s vibrant commerce, ----- its peak

8. A popular social networking site says if
during the early to middle years of the
everything as planned, they ----- a new privacy-
Renaissance, brought traders from ---- the
protected messaging service by the end of
known world to the port city.
2020.
A) about / on B) through / along
A) has gone / start
C) at / around D) in / beyond
B) is going / will be starting
E) with / off
C) had gone / will start

D) went / are to start

E) goes / will have started

12. Anthropologists may have difficulty in

9. The biological basis ----- variations in human
separating out the field from astronomy,
intelligence is not well understood, but
geology or botany, ----- it is not so obvious
research in neuroscience, psychology, and
how anthropology may be distinguished from
other fields has begun to yield insights ----
the many other branches of science
what may underpin such differences.
A) although B) until
A) through / to B) in / about
C) because D) just as
C) of / by D) for / into
E) in case
E) at / from

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

13. Philosophy occurs in all cultures and daily 17. The ancient Egyptians’ fascination with
life, ---- only in Western philosophy is there a science and new technology resulted in
distinct way of thinking that consists of inventions----- the calendar and door lock,
hypotheses and generalisations about the which are still used today.
natural and human worlds. A) in contrast with B) in spite of
A) since B) so that C) such as D) regardless of
C) provided that D) but E) in terms of
E) otherwise

14. When a young child says ‘mouses’ instead of 18. Tokyo is one of the wealthiest, safest
‘mice,’ this is good evidence that the child is cleanest, and most creative cities in the World
learning the regular forms of the language ---- being partly destroyed and rebuilt twice in
and knows how to make plurals----- he or she the past hundred years.
has not yet learned the irregular forms.
A) despite B) due to
A) once B) whether C) rather than D) together with
C) even if D) just as E) unlike
E) as if

15. Egyptians built irrigation canals to carry water 19. Although the composer Johann Strauss Jr.
and created a calendar that predicted the immortalised the Danube River in his famous
annual flooding of the Nile ----- they could waltz entitled On the Beautiful Blue Danube,
maximise food production. the Danube River is not blue – its waters
appear ---- greenish---- brown.
A) in case B) so that
A) no sooner / than B) the more / the more
C) even if D) while
C) as / as D) either / or
E) as though
E) so / that

16. In some groups the bonds among members

are strong and enduring due to harmony
achieved through close relationships, ----- in 20. In Costa Rica, responsibility for national
other groups members are loosely linked and parks is given to the Ministry of Natural
lack a sense of ‘groupness’. Resources, Energy and Mines, ----- main goal
is mineral exploitation, not conservation of
A) as if B) whereas
resources.
C) since D) just as
A) how B) whose
E) provided that
C) who D) which

E) that

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

Mali’s largest ethnic group, the Bambara live 23.

primarily in the western part of the country. They
A) in the hope of B) on behalf of
have settled (21) ----- the Niger River. They speak
Bamana, a language used throughout Mali, (22) -- C) for the sake of D) despite
-- in the areas of business and trade. The E) such as
Bambara are farmers who produce large
quantities of sorghum and groundnuts, and their
main crop is millet. Environmental hardship (23) --
-- drought often makes farming difficult so people
may keep livestock to supplement their diet. Often
they trust their neighbours. The Fulani herdsmen
to look after their domestic animals. This
arrangement allows the Bambara (24) ----- on
farming during the short rainy Season from June
to September. Men help women with the farming
duties (25) women can leave the fields earlier
to prepare meals for their families.

24.

A) focusing B) to have focused

C) focused D) focus

E) having focused

21.

A) along B) about

C) in D) with

E) from

22. 25.
A) decently B) urgently A) in case B) whether
C) particularly D) preventively C) so that D) although
E) prematurely E) once

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

South Africa is a large country with its fertile 28.

agricultural land. It is rich (26) ----- natural A) to have descended B) to descend
resources – gold, diamonds, metallic ores and
coal. Industrially, it has for a long time been the C) having descended D) to be descending
most developed country in the sub-Saharan E) descend
Africa. Its ethnically varied population, including
social groups such as Africans, Europeans,
Asians (27) ----- people of mixed Asian-African
descent, grew rapidly in the second half of the
20th century from 13 to 43 million. In the late 19th
century, South Africa was a British colony. The
white Afrikaners. (28) ----- from Dutch colonisers,
broke away and declared their independence.
(29) ----- they finally defeated them in two wars,
the British allowed South Africa to run its own
affairs as a self-governing Dominion in 1910.
Numerous segregation laws were passed, which
reduced ‘Natives’ (Africans) to a poor underclass
of labourers and servants. These laws, which
discriminated against the Africans, (30)----- them 29.
to live in reserves, prevented them from owning
land outside the reserves and controlled their A) unless B) if
movement inside the country. C) whether D) after

E) in case

26.

A) of B) in

C) by D) for

E) at

30.

27. A) fixed B) forced

A) owing to B) in terms of C) inspired D) promised

C) as well as D) unlike E) improved

E) in spite of

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

31 , with advances made by cosmology in 33 , whereas anxiety is created from an image

evaluating evidence from carefully observed of danger that is not present in that actual
phenomena. moment.

A) The human understanding of the universe has A) Fear often triggers our defence mechanism in
dramatically changed over time. various says

B) Cosmology touches at several points also of B) Fear is explained by a general activation of

concern to religion, ethics and philosophy our sympathetic nervous system

C) The word ‘cosmology’ is itself of fairly recent C) Fear is a powerful yet delicate emotion that
origin, first used by philosopher Christian Wolf can cause physical paralysis

D) Cosmology is the study of the universe as a D) Fear is defined as an emotional state

whole, its structure, composition, history, and triggered by genuine danger that is in front of
future. you

E) Much of cosmological theory has no E) Fear is considered to be one of the most

immediate relevance to understanding primitive emotions of humankind
environment of living organisms on earth.

32 , though there is no reliable figure to

34. Because social historians believe in the
determine the size of the population
importance of groupings of people, --- --.
A) The origins of slavery were not precisely
A) their passions often centre on the activities
understood until the end of the eight century
and beliefs of certain leaders
B) In Classical times, the possession of at least
B) some other branches of history also focus on
one slave was regarded as a basic human
individuals as causes of change
right
C) they present their findings in terms of single
C) Slaves in Athens are thought to have
events rather than social groups
outnumbered those in any other Greek
community D) they spend relatively little time on individual
biography
D) Slavery was an integral part of the ancient
Greek life for centuries E) they work to use familiar sources in new ways
as much as possible
E) In Greek history, slaves who had faithfully
served their masters earned their freedom

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

35. Although Gae Aulenti is considered Italy’s 37. In hunter-gatherer societies many social
most famous female architect, ----. arrangements, such as cross-group marriage,
do not eliminate serious conflicts, ----.
A) she experiments with relations among
materials, distances and measurements A) therefore they are respected by all societies

B) her well-deserved reputation is due to her B) but they channel them into the ways that
outstanding architectural designs for theatre prevent killing
and museums
C) while they may lead to more complex
C) she has had little influence on practice and situations
theory in the architecture schools
D) yet they may eventually cause the breakdown
D) her museum designs always take into account of both societies
viewing objects from different perspectives
E) since many people do not participate in such
E) her best-known project is the design of the arrangements
famous museum Musée d’Orsay

36. Even though the effects of climate change on

38 , some anthropologists believe that it does
some rivers will be limited, ----.
not differ fundamentally from the simple
A) water pollution harms a river’s ecology by systems of communication employed by
killing off organisms other animals.

B) today’s methods for controlling rivers are A) Though a human being is a highly intelligent
remarkably different from those employed in creature
the past
B) Although human language is regarded to be
C) unique climatic and geographic conditions highly sophisticated
determine a river’s annual discharge regime
C) While ‘human’ is placed within a classification
D) rivers contain only a minuscule portion of the of animals
total water on earth
D) As chimpanzees are closest to humans in
E) they will pose serious threats to most of the problem-solving
rivers in the world
E) Because culture sets humanity radically apart
from animals

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

39 , new shipping routes are becoming 41. Hot yoga, which typically involves going
navigable. through 26 though poses in a warm and
humid room, may just be a waste of effort, ----.
A) Though sailors have to learn to operate
vehicles in Arctic conditions A) leading improvements in the blood vessels of
the participants
B) Even if the Arctic is attracting new interest
from governments B) making people sweat intensely, which is seen
as a good sign of health
C) As the Arctic Circle warms and large masses
of ice melt C) offering little benefit compared to yoga at a
normal temperature
D) Although Britain has deployed its military
forces in the Arctic D) reducing the percentage of yoga groups’ body
fat of 2 percent
E) If the Arctic becomes vulnerable to new
environmental threats E) creating a slight but still meaningful impact on
muscle strengthening

42. Before the 16th century there was a gradual

increase in the world’s population and
economy although epidemics and famine
caused temporary halts.

A) Salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici sektelere

neden olsa da 16. yüzyıldan önce dünya
nüfusu ve ekonomisi kademeli biçimde
artıyordu.
40 , the most important questions that
psychologists address have remained B) 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya nüfusu ve
constant. ekonomisinde yaşanan kademeli artışa
rağmen salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici
A) Even though psychology has changed
sektelere neden oldu.
dramatically over its history
C) 16. Yüzyıl öncesindeki salgın hastalıklar ve
B) Given that there has been an increasing influx
kıtlık, dünya nüfusu ve ekonomisindeki
of researchers into the field of psychology
kademeli artışın geçici olarak sekteye
C) Since the study of psychology spans many uğramasına neden oldu.
different topics at many different levels of
D) Salgın hastalıklar ve kıtlık geçici sektelere
explanation
neden olsa da 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya
D) As the earliest psychologists known are the nüfusu ve ekonomisinde kademeli artış vardı.
Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle
E) 16. yüzyıl öncesinde dünya nüfusu ve
E) While the psychological disorder known as ekonomisindeki kademeli artışın sekteye
depression affects millions of people uğramasının nedeni, salgın hastalıklar ve
worldwide kıtlıktı.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

43. Ancient Greek philosopher Parmenides is 44. French chemist Antoine Lavoisier sought to
said to have drawn up an excellent set of laws modernise chemistry by giving it new
for his city, but we know nothing of his theoretical foundations, and though some of
political philosophy. his ideas were misunderstood, on the whole
he was enormously successful.
A) Kendisinin siyasi felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir bilgi
bulunmamakla birlikte antik Yunan filozofu A) Bazı fikirlerinin yanlış anlaşılmasına rağmen,
Parmenides’in kendi şehri için mükemmel bir Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı
kanunlar bütünü hazırlamış olduğu rivayet yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak
edilmektedir. çağdaşlaştırmada genelde çok başarılıydı.

B) Antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides’in kendi B) Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı
şehri için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü yeni teorik temellere dayandırıp
hazırlamış olduğu söylenmektedir, ancak biz çağdaşlaştırmaya çalıştı ve genelde çok
onun siyasi felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir şey başarılı oldu ancak bazı fikirleri yanlış
bilmiyoruz. anlaşıldı.

C) Antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides’in siyasi C) Fransız kimyager Antoine Lavoisier kimyayı
felsefesi hakkında hiçbir şey bilmiyoruz, yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak
ancak kendi şehri için mükemmmel bir çağdaşlaştırmaya çalıştı ve bazı fikirlerinin
kanunlar bütünü hazırlamış olduğunu yanlış anlaşılmasına rağmen genelde çok
söyleyebiliriz. başarılı oldu.

D) Antik Yunan filozofu Parmenides’in kendi D) Kimyayı yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak
şehri için mükemmel bir kanunlar bütünü çağdaşlaştırmanın yollarını arayan Fransız
hazırladığı söylenmesine rağmen biz onun kimyager Antoine Lavoisier genelde çok
siyasi felsefesiyle ilgili bilgi sahibi değiliz. başarılı oldu ancak bazı fikirleri yanlış
anlaşıldı.
E) Siyasi felsefesi ile ilgili hiçbir şey
bilmememize rağmen, antik Yunan filozofu E) Kimyayı yeni teorik temellere dayandırarak
Parmenides’in kendi şehri için mükemmel bir çağdaşlaştırması bazıları tarafından yanlış
kanunlar bütünü hazırladığı söylenmektedir. anlaşılsa da Fransız kimyager Antoine
Lavosier’in fikirleri genelde çok başarılı oldu.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

45. Being untouched and untamed, the 46. Most of archaeological work done today is
Norwegian Lofoten Islands, far above the part of antropology, which studies humans in
Arctic Circle, are everything an adventure all their biological and cultural aspects.
could wish for and more.
A) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların
A) El değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş hâliyle, Kuzey çoğu, antropolojinin bir parçası olarak
Kutup Dairesi’nin oldukça yukarısında olan insanları tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle
Norveç Lofoten Adaları, bir maceraperestin inceler.
isteyebileceği her şey ve daha fazlasıdır.
B) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların
B) Kuzey Kutup Dairesi’nin oldukça yukarısında çoğu, antropolojinin bir parçasıdır ve insanları
olan Norveç Lofoten Adaları’nda bir tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle inceler.
maceraperestin el değmemiş ve
C) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların
değiştirilmemiş olarak isteyebileceği her şey
çoğu, insanları tüm biyolojik ve kültürel
fazlasıyla mevcuttur.
yönleriyle inceleyen antropolojinin bir
C) Kuzey Kutup Dairesi’nin ötesini arzulayan bir parçasıdır.
maceraperstin isteyebileceği her şey ve daha
D) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların
fazlası, el değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş olarak
çoğu, insanları tüm biyolojik ve kültürel
Norveç Lofoten Adaları’nda bulunur.
yönleriyle araştıran antropolojinin bir parçası
D) Bir maceraperestin Norveç Lofoten olarak yürütülür.
Adaları’nda el değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş
E) Günümüzde yürütülen arkeolojik çalışmaların
hâliyle bulunmasını isteyebileceği her şey ve
çoğu, antropolojinin bir parçası olduğu için
daha fazlası Kuzey Kutup Dairesi’nin oldukça
insanları tüm biyolojik ve kültürel yönleriyle
ilerisindedir.
inceler.
E) El değmemiş ve değiştirilmemiş şeyler
peşinde olan bir maceraperest, Kuzey Kutup
Dairesi’nin oldukça yukarısında bulunan
Norveç Lofoten Adaları’nda istediğini
fazlasıyla bulur.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

47. For years, self-publishing has given talented 49. Bir çalışmaya göre, deneyim ve zekânın
authors the means to share their works with satranç becerileri ile bağlantılı olmasına
audiences that would otherwise never read karşın, en yüksek korelasyonu çocukların bir
them. günde oyunu oynayarak geçirdikleri saat
sayısı vermiştir.
A) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yıllarca yetenekli
yazarlara çalışmalarını başka türlü asla A) According to a study, although experience
okumayacak olan kitlelerle paylaşma aracı and intelligence were related to chess skills,
sağlamıştır. the highest correlation was with the number of
hours a day children spent playing the game.
B) Yetenekli yazarlar yıllarca bireysel yayıncılığı
araç olarak kullanarak, çalışmalarını başka B) According to a study, despite the number of
türlü asla okumayacak olan kitlelere hours a day children spent playing the game,
ulaştırmışlardır. the highest correlation with chess skills was
produced by experience and intelligence
C) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yetenekli
yazarların yıllarca çalışmalarını başka türlü C) A study found that chess skills were
asla okumayacak kitlelerle paylaşmak için somewhat related to experience and
kullandıkları bir yöntem olmuştur. intelligence, but a stronger correlation was
with the number of hours a day children spent
D) Bireysel yayıncılık yaparak kitlelere ulaşan
playing the game.
yetenekli yazarlar bu yöntemi kullanarak
eserlerini başka türlü okumayacak olan D) A study found that even though the number of
okuyuculara ulaştırmışlardır. hours a day children spent playing the game
had the highest correlation with chess skills,
E) Kendi yayıncılığını yapmak, yıllarca yetenekli
experience and intelligence were also
yazarların normalde çalışmalarını asla important.
okumayacak kitlelere ulaşmasının aracı
olmuştur. E) It was found by a study that no matter how
high a child’s experience and intelligence
were the highest correlation with chess skills
48. Modern diş fırçasını Çinliler icat etmiştir was with the number of hours a day children
ancak Avrupa’ya hiç ulaşmadığından, yeniden spent playing the game.
icadı William Addis’e ithaf edilmektedir.
A) The reason why the reinvention of the modern
50. Ultraviyole koruma sağlayan kıyafetler
toothbrush is credited to William Addis is that
giymek, ihtiyaç duyduğunuz güneş kremi
it never reached Europe despite being
miktarını %90 ‘a kadar azaltabilir.
invented by the Chinese.
A) Wearing clothes providing ultraviolet
B) The Chinese invented the modern toothbrush
protection can reduce the amounts of
but as it never reached Europe, its reinvention
sunscreen you need by up to 90 percent.
is created to William Addis.
B) The amount of sunscreen you need can be
C) Had the modern toothbrush invented by
reduced by up to 90 percent by wearing
Chinese reached Europe, its reinvention
clothes providing ultraviolet protection.
would not be credited to William Addis.
C) When you wear clothes that provide ultraviolet
D) The reinvention of the modern toothbrush,
protection, you can reduce the amount of
which had been invented by Chinese but
sunscreen you need by up to 90 percent.
never reached Europe, is credited to William
Addis. D) You can use 90 percent less sunscreen if you
wear clothes providing ultraviolet protection.
E) Although the Chinese invented the modern
toothbrush, it never reached Europe, which E) By wearing clothes that provide ultraviolet
makes William Addis be credited with its protection, you can reduce the amount of
reinvention. sunscreen you need by up to 90 percent.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

51. Dünyanın her yerinden milyonlarca insan 52. Kırmızı, genellikle öfke ve saldırganlık ile
ülkenin güzel manzarasını ve büyüleyici ilişkilendirilen bir renk olsa da araştırmalar
mirasını görmeye geldiğinden, turizmin motivasyonunuzu artırmak için onu
İngiltere'nin en büyük endüstrilerinden biri kullanabileceğinizi göstermektedir.
olduğu söylenir.
A) Red, which is a colour often associated with
A) Britain is said to be visited by millions of anger and aggression, can be used to boost
people from around the world who want to your motivation as studies show.
see its beautiful scenery and amazing
heritage, thus tourism is the biggest industry B) Red is a colour that is often associated with
in the country. anger and aggression, although studies show
that you can use it to boost your motivation.
B) Tourism is said to be the biggest industry in
Britain because millions of people from C) Although red is a colour that is often
around the globe go to the country to see not associated with anger and aggression,
only its beautiful scenery but also its amazing studies show that you can use it to boost your
heritage. motivation.
C) It is said that one of Britain's biggest D) Despite being often associated with anger
industries is tourism since millions of people and aggression, red is a colour that you can
from around the world visit the country in the use to boost your motivation as studies show.
hope of seeing its beautiful scenery and
E) Even though red is a colour that is often
amazing heritage.
associated with anger and aggression,
D) Tourism is said to be one of Britain's biggest studies show that using it can boost your
industries, as millions of people from around motivation.
the globe arrive to see the country's beautiful
scenery and amazing heritage.
E) Millions of people from around the world are 53. Tolstoy'a göre mutluluğu sosyal statü
said to visit Britain for its beautiful scenery aracılığıyla aramak, kişiyi sürekli kaygıya ve
and amazing heritage, which makes tourism statü kaybı endişelerine açık hâle getirir.
one of the biggest industries in the country. A) Seeking happiness through social status,
according to Tolstoy, obviously leads one to
experience relentless anxiety as well as
concerns about losing status.
B) For Tolstoy, if one seeks happiness through
social status, it is clear he or she will end up
feeling constant anxiety and concerns about
losing status.

C) According to Tolstoy, to pursue happiness

through social status opens one to constant
anxiety and concerns about losing status.
D) Tolstoy believed that those who seek
happiness through social status experience
persistent anxiety due to concerns about
losing status.

E) When happiness is sought through social

status, one becomes open to constant anxiety
and concerns about losing status, says
Tolstoy.

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

54. During the period from 1500 to 1800 European 56. Ludwig van Beethoven is one of the most
cities not only grew markedly in size but came important figures in Western music ----- For
to exercise an unprecedented influence over example, he had hearing problems from a
society in general. As a result, some very early age. While still a boy, he supported
historians have considered this era the true his family as a traveling performer. At the age
of 17, he impressed Mozart in Vienna, Austria,
beginning of historical urbanisation ----- The
and moved there to study with Haydn. He
number of European cities with more than
amazed many people in high social circles
10,000 people increased from 154 in 1500 to with his piano playing. The musical visions
364 by 1800. expressed in his many works were often far
A) By 1800, London was rapidly approaching the ahead of their time.
size of Imperial Rome. A) He composed some of the most astonishing
music ever written, but had a troubled life.
B) A few key factors combined to produce this
new phase of urbanisation. B) There is evidence that Beethoven lived in
more than 60 different places during his 35
C) Urban influences affected many rural areas years in Vienna.
both culturally and economically.
C) During his early years, Beethoven was always
D) The rise of a merchant capitalist economy exploring new directions to transform music.
provided new levels of urban capital.
D) Among his most famous early works are two
E) Clearly a notable growth of the urban piano sonatas: the Pathetique and Moonlight
population took place at the time. sonatas.
E) His work marked the crossover between the
Classical and Romantic periods in the history
55. Hermann von Helmholtz is a name that is not of music.
uttered frequently enough anymore ----- He
invented and popularised the
ophthalmoscope, participated in describing 57. Becoming popular in the 16th century with
non-Euclidean geometry, and published both commoners and nobles, the violin has
across many disciplines, including remained a democratic instrument, universal
physiology, psychology, physics, and and versatile. The development of the violin
was gradual and complex ------The influence of
philosophy.
the two stringed rabab, which is an Arabian
A) For one thing, he began his academic career violin introduced to western Europe in the
in an army medical school. 11th century, and the three-stringed rebec,
which appeared in Spain between the 11th
B) So, he decided at an early age to study Kant's and 13th centuries, is also reflected in the
theories and he continued his career with this modern violin.
interest.
A) Maple and spruce trees have been the most
C) Over a hundred years after his death, favoured types of wood to make violins.
researchers have tested some of his most
B) The city of Brescia was the earliest to excel in
brilliant insights. violin craft.
D) However, this remarkable scientist, and C) It became more influential after being
philosopher, contributed to modern science incorporated into orchestras.
with numerous concepts and inventions.
D) It evolved from a variety of other stringed
E) Perhaps Helmholtz's most notable instruments.
achievement was his characterisation of the E) Stringed instruments have a long history in
human brain as a 'prediction machine'. folk music.

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

58. Advances in communication and information 60. (I) Although people often use the terms frontier,
technologies are changing the ways we boundary, and border interchangeably, historians
interact with each other. For some, these have emphasised important distinctions between
changes have opened up new venues and frontiers and boundaries. (II) Frontiers are above
opportunities ----- For others, these same all zones of interaction. (Ill) While the term
changes have been associated with loss: the frontier can be traced back to medieval Spain,
loss of traditions, or jobs, or significant historians in the United States have debated its
relationships. But whatever form these role in US history for centuries. (IV) They can
changes take, few realise the magnitude, arise as a result of cross-cultural encounters,
intensity, and long term implications of these
population movements, and the absence of state
transformations.
authority or an effective monopoly of violence. (V)
A) While societies live under a multitude of In contrast, borders are established by states to
conditions, they are not immune to these separate their subjects and territories from other
changes. political jurisdictions.
B) Distant places are increasingly accessible, A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
and work and learning can occur from any
location that has an Internet connection.

C) In some areas we are witnessing extremely

rapid societal transformation, and in other
places only certain groups are affected.
D) Yet, there has been little attention focused on
the social side of globalisation.
E) Thus, we have been gradually losing our
critical thinking skills.

59. History has come to mean many things. It is

an account of past events, in sequence of
time; it is the study of events, their causes
and outcomes; and it is all that is preserved
61. (I) There is controversy in current linguistics over
or remembered about the past. For evidence,
historians use written accounts and artefacts the formal differences between Old English and
such as-weapons and tools. —- Otherwise, modern English. (II) The history of Old English
events, even important ones, might disappear poetry is rather different from that of Old English
from memory. prose, and also much more difficult to fully
perceive. (III) The major reason for this is that the
A) Oral history is a good source of local history. vast majority of Old English poetry is to be found
B) Religious records give details of marriages in only four manuscripts, all compiled in the late
and funerals. 10th to early 11th century. (IV) These
manuscripts are: the Vercelli Book, the Exeter
C) Historians look for rational explanations for
Book, the Beowulf Manuscript and the Junius or
the events.
Caedmon Manuscript. (V) There is very little
D) This is because people record things in some doubt that these manuscripts were, by and large,
way to remember them. compilations of poetry written at different times
E) History is written by those who play a major during the Old English period.
part in it. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

62. (I) Many Chinese children do not have brothers or 64. (I) Delays, cancellations and overcrowding are
sisters. (II) This is owing to government policies enough to put many people off from travelling by
trying to reduce the population growth. (III) To train, but he price of a ticket can often be the real
control the rising population, the government prohibitive factor. (II) Sometimes, it might be the
offers special benefits to couples with only one easiest or only way to get from one place to
child. (IV) Many people in China have been another. (III) Fortunately, it is possible to reduce
moving from the country to cities, where there are how much you pay with some tricks. (IV) Buying
relatively well-paid jobs to help them afford their at the ticket office just before you travel is usually
children’s education. (V) Although this has the most expensive option. (V) Instead, you can
slowed down the rate of growth, China’s go to an agent or look online to book an advance
population still grows by millions each year. ticket.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

63. (I) Alchemy was a form of chemistry studied in

the Middle Ages. (II) Traditionally, the central aim
65. (I) In Roman agriculture, each field had to be
of practising alchemists was to discover how to
plowed between three and six times before it
turn base metals into gold. (III) Second to this
would be completely ready. (II) Oxen, which were
was a search for the elixir of life, which would
used to pull plows, were quite expensive. (III)
cure all sickness and enable immortality. (IV) The
After plowing, the farmer had to fertilize the fields,
science of modern chemistry had its early
which demanded that manure be mixed into the
experimental roots in alchemy. (V) Medieval
soil, often by hand. (IV) Fertilization was followed
alchemists sought a philosopher’s stone, which
by the actual sowing of the seeds. (V) Once the
they believed would make both tasks possible.
seeds were sown, the soil had to be worked over
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V with hoes and weeded by hand.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

Copernicus, a Polish-born, Italian-educated 67. Which of the following can be inferred from
churchman, took a big step toward the scientific the Passage?
revolution in 1543 when he published his theories A) Copernicus wrote many books in his lifetime
about how the Earth and planets move in relation
to the Sun. Copernicus said that the Sun, not the B) Copernicus live a long and health life
Earth, was the centre around which the universe C) Galileo’s findings were similar to Copernicus’
revolved. Copernicus delayed releasing his
findings, but at the urging of supporters, he D) Galileo and Copernicus wrote a book together
published his book The Revolution of the E) Galileo also had trouble with the Catholic
Heavenly Spheres around 1543, the year of his Church.
death. His Sun-centred universe, along with the
notion that the Earth spins on its axis, upset some
other astronomers and churchmen. To claim that
God would place his creation on a spinning ball
that revolved around another heavenly body
struck many people as ridiculous, as it was
against the teachings of the Catholic Church. The
controversy only caught fire, however, after 1610,
when physicist and astronomer Galileo Galilei of
Pisa published a book about his own astronomical
observations, which supported those of
Copernicus. The Catholic Church banned
Copernicus’ book, The Revolution of the
Heavenly Spheres, in 1616 and did not lift the ban
until 1835.

68. Which of the following is true about

Copernicus According to passage?

A) Copernicus’ book was rewritten by Galileo

centuries later.
66. One can understand from the passage that
B) Galileo worked hard to immediately lift the
Copernicus’ book ----.
ban on Copernicus’s book.
A) was published following his death
C) It was forbidden to read Copernicus’ book for
B) was published immediately after it was written a very long time.
C) reached a great number of readers D) Copernicus though neither the Earth nor the
D) upset astronomers in particular Sun was the centre of the universe.

E) was a breakthrough in the world of science E) Galileo’s research was the main reason for
the ban on Copernicus’ book.

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

Srirangam Island, at the confluence of the Kaveri 70. The underlined word in the passage
and Kollidam Rivers in south-eastern India’s state ‘ransacked’ is closest in meaning to ----.
of Tamil, is home to a 2,000-year-old temple A) admired
complex, major parts of which are still in use
today. However, much of the complex is hidden or B) neglected
destroyed. Many older sections are buried under C) utilised
sediment as a result of centuries of flooding, and
the complex was ransacked in the 14th century D) damaged
by general Ulugh Khan. Recent excavations at E) altered
the site, guided by geologists with knowledge of
flood sediment layers, have begun to reveal what
was presumed to have been lost. Researchers
including geologist Mu Ramkunar of Periyar
University have uncovered parts of the temple
destroyed by Ulugh Khan and unearthed artefacts
such as pendant lamps and statues of the deity
Gopalakrisnan with his consorts. Using
geophysical surveying techniques, they have also
identified what they believe to be the tomb of
religious scholar and teacher complex in the 15th
century. The tombs have been left unexcavated
for religious reasons.

71. It can be inferred from the passage that ---.

A) the geophysical surveying techniques used

were not sophisticated enough to study the
parts ruined by Ulugh Khan
69. The temple on Srirangam Island mentioned in
the passage ----. B) geologists specialising in sediment layers
contributed a great deal to the rediscovery of
A) is still used today although most of its part
the buried sections
buried or damaged
C) many artefacts unearthed from the tombs will
B) was constructed in the 14th century by Ulugh
never be seen by the public as this is not
Khan after conquering the island
permitted for religious reasons
C) has been revealed to contain 2.000-year-old
D) Sri Manavala Manugial restored the temple
artefacts belonging to Ulugh Khan
primarily to make it his burial place
D) has many older sections still in good condition
E) the researchers from Periyar University are
despite centuries of flooding
wrong about their assumptions that the
E) will not be reopened for religious reasons temple complex might have been restored
when its reconstruction is complete previously

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

Mary Tudor had never enjoyed good health, and it 73. According to passage when the reign of Mary
got worse rapidly after she became queen. Tudor ended, ----.
Desperate to conceive an heir, she suffered the
A) the people of London were happy and hopeful
humiliation of two phantom pregnancies during
which she displayed all the symptoms of an B) her half-sister ruled the country unwillingly
expectant mother although she was not pregnant C) the Londoners understood that she actually
in reality. But her swollen stomach may have had a miserable life
been due to cancerous tumour. Early in 1558, as
Mary persisted in believing that she would soon D) Elizabeth ordered the churches to toll their
be delivered of an heir, it was obvious to bells
everyone else that she was dying. By 28 October, E) Roman Catholicism was immediately
wracked with pain, she finally acknowledged that abolished
there would be no ‘fruit of her body,’ and
confirmed that the crown would pass to Elizabeth.
She begged her half-sister to uphold the Roman
Catholic faith, but the knowledge of how unlikely
Elizabeth was to honour this request tormented
Mary until her last breath. Upon hearing that Mary
was dead and that Elizabeth was now queen,
there was great rejoicing in London. All across the
capital, church bells were rung and at night
bonfires were lit, around which thousands of
people gathered to make merry. The brief, brutal
reign of Mary Tudor was over: now nation’s hopes
rested upon her beautiful and charismatic
successor.

74. What is the primary purpose of the author ?

A) To criticise Mary Tudor and her brutal reign

72. It can be understood from the passage that
Marry Tudor----. over London

A) was in good health before she became queen B) To highlight the importance of being
charismatic leader
B) had two babies who both died soon after birth
C) To emphasise the need for quality medical
C) lied to her nation about her physical condition care in medieval times
D) never believed she would have a legitimate D) To describe events leading up to Elizabeth’s
heir becoming Queen
E) died in pain possibly due to a cancerous E) To acknowledge the accomplishments of
tumour Elizabeth

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

Whenever photographer Gabriele Galimberti 76. According to the passage which of the
meets people on his travels, he asks the same following is true about how cultures use
question: ‘’Can I see what’s in your medicine medicine ?
cabinet?’’ Some are shy; others proud to do so. A) Medicines are more frequently used to slow
He asks this question to reveal who the people down aging in developed countries compared
are. ‘’The medicines they use tell us about their to less developed ones.
desires, their wants, their diseases. It’s very
intimate,’’ says Galimberti. What can our B) Regardless of the nation they belong to,
medicines say about us? For one, how affluent people tend to stockpile medicines even if
we are. Cabinets in developed countries tend to they do not really need them
overflow with pharmaceuticals. People in less C) In some countries, due to poor living
developed countries collect medications more standarts, medicine cabinets do not Show
slowly. People take pills to be physically stronger much about the culture
and thus more vigorous, to sleep more (or
sometimes less), to age more slowly, or for other D) Indian people tend to choose antidepressants
reasons. View the different cabinets’ contents, made in their own country although they are
and cultures start to take shape. In Paris and New not very effective.
York, Galimberti saw large numbers of E) African countries prefer medicines imported
antidepressants and antianxiety pills. Indian from China because they do not have labels
people tended to choose medicines with Indian
labels, independent of quality or Potency. African
cabinets had drugs from China, often unlabelled.
Yet all the people photographed had something in
common: None of them were sick

77. According to the passage, which of the

following is true about how cultures use
medicine?

A) Medicines are more frequently used to slow

75. Why does Galimberti ask people to show him down aging in developed countries compared
their medicine cabinets? to less developed ones.

A) To examine diseases common across B) Regardless of the nation they belong to,
different nations people tend to stockpile medicines even if
they do not really need them.
B) To see whether people react positively or
negatively to such questions C) In some countries, due to poor living
standards, medicine cabinets do not show
C) To help them improve their economic much about the culture.
conditions
D) Indian people tend to choose antidepressants
D) To collect detailed personal information from made in their own country although they are
a wide range of nations not very effective.
E) To compare developed and less developed E) African countries prefer medicines imported
countries regarding quality of health care from China because they do not have labels.

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

A richly furnished grave excavated in 1878 near 79. Sceptics of the results produced in 2017----.
the Viking town of Birka in eastern Sweden had A) wanted further genetic testing to be
long been assumed to hold a powerful male conducted on the remains
warrior. The grave was equipped with a range of
weapons, as well as a set of gaming pieces and a B) reviewed the evidence again with staff from
gaming board, which were seen as indications Uppsala university
that the warrior in the grave was a military C) doubted the rank of the warrior in the grave,
commander. A pair of horses was also found in not the accuracy of the genetic analysis
the grave, one bridled as if prepared to ride off
into battle once again in the afterlife. More than a D) have been proven wrong by the new sex
century later, several researchers concluded- and determination
genetic analysis confirmed – that this Viking E) created controversy by publicly opposing the
warrior was actually female. When these results results
were reported in 2017, sceptics wondered
whether there had been a testing mistake, or,
perhaps, whether the person in the grave had
been a warrior after all. A new review of the
evidence led by Neil Price of Uppsala University
concludes that the person in the grave was
indeed biologically female, and that there is no
reason to doubt that she was a warrior in a
position of great authority. ‘’Ever since its
excavation, the burial has been interpreted as that
of a high-status warrior,’’ says Price. ‘’We think
so, too, for exactly the same reasons as everyone
else has always thought so, but in light of the new
sex determination, she was a female high-status
warrior.’’


80. Which of the following conclusions can be

reached based on the passage?

A) Despite overwhelming evidence to the

contrary, not all Viking warriors were female.

B) Even if evidence is conclusive, some refuse to

believe Viking women were able to hold high
military positions.
78. According to the passage the Viking grave
found in Sweden did NOT include ----. C) Testing mistakes occur frequently in
archaeology which means that all results
A) a variety of weapons
should be questioned
B) items indicating military rank
D) Excavation of burial sites is a tricky process
C) life-size models of animals and requires several different types of testing.
D) items used for entertainment E) Researchers at Uppsala University are more
open-minded than those at other Swedish
E) horses prepared for battle
higher education institutions.

ʹʹ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI 

YÖKDİL SOSYAL 2019 KASIM

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1) A 2) B 3) A 4) C 5) C 6) A 7) B 8) E 9) D 10) A

11) C 12) C 13) D 14) C 15) B 16) B 17) C 18) A 19) D 20) B

21) A 22) C 23) E 24) D 25) C 26) B 27) C 28) C 29) D 30) B

31) A 32) C 33) D 34) D 35) C 36) E 37) B 38) B 39) C 40) A

41) C 42) D 43) B 44) C 45) A 46) C 47) A 48) B 49) A 50) A

51) D 52) C 53) C 54) E 55) D 56) A 57) D 58) B 59) D 60) C

61) A 62) D 63) D 64) B 65) B 66) E 67) C 68) C 69) A 70) D

71) B 72) E 73) A 74) D 75) D 76) C 77) B 78) C 79) D 80) B

ʹ͵
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM
2019
SAĞLIK SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

1. Seven out of ten children consume too much 4. The body has to----- regenerate the cells that
salt, and according to health experts, this will make up the nails, and it needs a regular,
have critical for a child’s cardiovascular healthy supply of certain nutrients to do so.
health later in life.
A) approximately B) constantly
A) obligations B) separations
C) briefly D) mutually
C) attempts D) substitutes
E) familiarly
E) consequences

5. Researchers have found that practising yoga

2. A vegetative state can be caused by a for just 25 minutes a day can be good for you,
traumatic or non-traumatic brain injury, and if ----.. brain function due to the release of
non-trauma patients do not make progress in endorphins and increased blood flow.
the first few months, they are usually
A) disturbing B) allowing
considered beyond hope of ----.
C) boosting D) resisting
A) challenge B) elimination
E) measuring
C) examination D) recovery

E) observation

3. Although the risks of----- complications from

general anaesthesia are very low, they can 6. Some anti-migraine drugs are known to ----
include heart attack and even brain damage. breast milk and this may cause serious
problems in nursing babies.
A) severe B) beneficial
A) pass into B) show off
C) precise D) intentional
C) put out D) make up
E) accessible
E) take off

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

7. Findings of a recent study ---- that green teas 10. Patients recovering ----- amputations often
and carrots ---- a part in fighting Alzheimer’s report that----- healing, they feel pain or
disease, though there is need for more itching from the lost limb.
research.
A) to / in
A) has suggested / would pay
B) at / on
B) have suggested / should have played
C) from / during
C) suggest / could play
D) for / with
D) suggested / used to play
E) of / about
E) are suggesting / will have played

8. The essential oil ---- from the lavender flower

11. Water sources ----- factories may contain
is used in aromatherapy ----- anxiety,
numerous bacteria and parasites that can
insomnia, nervousness, and restlessness.
cause illness ----- contact or consumption.
A) deriving / to have treated
A) in / for B) of / at
B) derived / to treat
C) from / against D) around / with
C) to have derived / treated
E) along / about
D) to be derived / treat

E) to be deriving / treating

12 ----- excess sodium increases blood pressure,

9. Excessive bleeding is the most common potassium decreases tension in blood vessel
cause of anaemia, and the speed ----- which walls and helps keep blood pressure in check.
blood loss occurs has a significant effect ----
A) as if B) while
the severity of symptoms.
C) whether D) therefore
A) to / over B) with / on
E) by the time
C) for / in D) from / around

E) about / at

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

13. Exercise is recommended by many therapists 17. The idea that people with dark skin do not
and physicians ----- it can provide relief and burn is a misconception, as UV rays have the
improve mobility. same damaging effects on them as others, so
---- how fair or dark you are, you should use
A) although B) because
sunscreen when outdoors.
C) even if D) unless
A) in the hope of
E) until
B) regardless of

C) thanks to

D) as a consequence of

E) by means of

14 most autoimmune diseases individually

are rare, collectively they are among the most
common diseases. 18 ----- the variety of ways celiac disease can
manifest itself, it is often not discovered
A) once B) whereas
easily.
C) because D) provided that
A) Due to B) In terms of
E) as long as
C) On behalf of D) With the help of

E) Similar to

19. The presence of cataracts can mask

15 the bones that make up the skeleton are additional eye problems, such as retinal
solid, they have a flexible structure and to a damage, that ---- doctors ---- patients are
large degree consist of spongy tissues. aware of prior to surgery.

A) although B) whether A) whether / or B) the more / the more

C) since D) once C) so / that D) neither / nor
E) if E) as / as

20. Treatment exists to either control the pain or

eliminate the cause, but surgery is a radical
16. Tiny hairs in our inner eras, called cochlear
procedure ----- indications are inconsistent
hair cells, are vital to our natural perception of
and dependent on the subjectivity of the
sound, and ----- we lose them, we do not grow
physician.
them back.
A) what B) that
A) by the time B) as if
C) whose D) whom
C) even if D) once
E) which
E) unless

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

Infectious disease control brings up difficult 23.

ethical questions because the promotion of the
A) Likewise B) Instead
greater good of public health may conflict with
other legitimate social aims. (21) ----. an epidemic, C) However D) Otherwise
for example, the measures needed to protect
E) Therefore
public health can require limiting basic human
rights and liberties depending on the disease and
other factors, quarantine may sometimes be the
best means (22)----- protecting population health.
(23) , quarantine requires interference with the
freedom of movement. The ethical question is
then whether respecting the individuals’ right (24)-
--- freely. This same kind of question (25) ----- in
relation to numerous other strategies for the
control of infectious disease.

24.
21.
A) to move B) being moved
A) Contrary to B) Apart from
C) to have moved D) having moved
C) In the event of D) Instead of
E) to have been moved
E) Similar to

22.
25.
A) for B) into
A) avoids B) diminishes
C) from D) at
C) fails D) suffers
E) against
E) arises

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

Mental and social health are just as important as 28.

physical health for elderly women. (26) ----- longer
A) for B) along
life expectancies for women than men, and the
tendency for many women to marry men who are C) from D) on
older, most women can expect to spend s of their
E) in
later years as singles. (27) ---- , ‘single’ should not
mean ‘alone’. Actually, there are a number of
options for women (28)---- their 70s to prevent this
isolation. For example, they may (29) ----. new
hobbies, such as joining clubs and taking classes,
or they can work part-time. In addition, recent
studies (30) ----. that women who become socially
isolated are three times more likely to die from
cancer.

29.

A) put off B) cope with

C) take up D) bring about

E) turn down
26.

A) Regardless of B) In contrast with

C) Compared to D) Because of

E) In addition to

27. 30.
A) Similarly B) Yet A) will show B) would show
C) Thus D) Otherwise C) were showing D) had shown
E) For example E) have shown

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

31. Although hereditary changes in DNA often 33. In order for a farmer to use a drug that
lead to aggressive tumours including stimulates viruses in animals, ----..
childhood cancers, ----.
A) a veterinarian cannot provide certification
A) the genetic changes that eventually trigger from the government to visit farms
cancerous growth fall into two main groups
B) a veterinarian should provide a prescription
B) many patients learn that their cancers have and extensive documentation
mutations for which no drug exists
C) the use of antibiotics seems to be critical for
C) genetic analysis of tumours has become humans and animals
standard practise for many malignancies
D) the government also has agreement from the
D) these kinds of genetic mutations are relatively farm industry in many countries
uncommon
E) the number of incidents caused by wrong
E) researchers refer to the abnormal changes as diagnosis has to be reduced
'driver mutations’

32. While traditional X-rays are usually sufficient

34. Thanks to a new effective treatment, called
for picking up fractures, ---- .
immunotherapy, ---- .
A) they are increasingly being used for medical
A) patients fight cancer with their own powerful
applications
immune systems
B) they create images of muscles as well as
B) doctors confirm that early diagnosis is crucial
bones
for most types of cancer
C) they pass through soft structures and are
C) most cancer patients cannot find enough
absorbed by bones
resources to at least try drugs
D) they reveal very little about the surrounding
D) it is nothing like the benefits of chemotherapy
structures
in terms of its effectiveness
E) they hit each particle in the section of the
E) cancer types like melanoma and leukaemia
body that is being scanned
cannot benefit from it

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

35. A nurse must make every effort necessary to 37. People experience and express pain
detect a patient's pain ----. differently; ----.

A) just as pain is exhausting due to the A) therefore, a doctor can distinguish real pain
significant amount of energy needed to deal from imagined pain to treat patients
with it
B) similarly, much progress has been made in
B) but the previous diagnosis made based on the pain measurement
patient's history may prove incorrect
C) otherwise, a doctor can analyse certain parts
C) so that some factors can contribute to the of the face that are revealing pain
intensity of the pain more than others
D) nonetheless, a doctor's prescription can
D) although pain assessment should be potentially become an addictive painkiller
performed for every hospitalised patient
E) thus, a doctor cannot precisely estimate the
E) even ifthe patient fails to report it in a severity of a patient's pain
comprehensible way during examination

36. Even though there are eight recognised types

38. As we get older, we become more sensitive to
of measles, ----.
salt ----.
A) the same vaccine can be used as protection
A) even if we experience some problems after
against all of them
eating sodium-rich meals
B) those who have not been immunised can
B) because the ageing body simply is not as
suffer more severe symptoms
efficient at removing sodium out of the body
C) many viruses live in animals and can easily
C) since all salts contain the same amount of
be transmitted to humans
sodium by weight
D) campaigns against vaccination proved
D) whereas a diet high in salt is linked to high
misleading as they led to a surge in measles
blood pressure
cases
E) even though excess sodium increases blood
E) there is a very high chance of catching any of
pressure
them during a travel to a third-world country

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

39. ----, but recent research has suggested that 41. The specific causes of autism spectrum
the microbes in our guts could also explain disorder in children are not fully understood,
why people react differently to drugs. ---.

A) So many factors are known to be involved in A) but they use language abnormally
the diversity of bacteria in our guts
B) as they may not be detected until school age
B) We know that genetic differences can
C) although they are clearly biologically
influence our response to drugs
determined
C) It is believed that microbes are key to how we
D) yet children have difficulty communicating
metabolise drugs
E) so they can have physical disorders as well
D) It is very hard to distinguish the microbe
contribution from the human contribution

E) Microbes break down drugs and produce

substances with unwanted side effects

42. Moderate exercise done before going to bed

helps us spend more time in a deep sleep
phase, but a high-intensity activity impairs
sleep quality.

A) Yatmadan önce yapılan hafif egzersiz, derin

bir uyku evresinde daha fazla zaman
geçirmemizi sağlarken ağır bir aktivite uyku
kalitesine zarar verir.

B) Yatmadan önce yapılan hafif egzersiz, derin

bir uyku evresinde daha fazla zaman
geçirmemizi sağlar, ancak uyku kalitesi ağır
40 ---- , it also makes use of other methods such
bir aktiviteyle zarar görebilir.
as herbal remedies, dietary therapy and
lifestyle changes. C) Yatmadan önce yapılan hafif egzersiz derin
bir uyku evresinde daha fazla zaman
A) Because the original text of Chinese medicine
geçirmemizi salar, ancak ağır bir aktivite uyku
is the Nei Ching
kalitesine zarar verir.
B) Although acupuncture is the most widely used
D) Yatmadan önce hafif egzersiz yaparak derin
technique in Chinese medicine
bir uyku evresinde daha fazla zaman
C) Since acupuncture lessens the unpredicted geçirebiliriz, ancak ağır bir aktivite uyku
effects of puncture wounds kalitesine zarar verebilir.
D) As nearly all forms of Oriental medicine have E) Yatmadan önce yapacağımız hafif egzersiz
their roots in Chinese medicine sayesinde derin bir uyku evresinde daha fazla
zaman geçirebiliriz, ancak ağır bir aktivite
E) While the oldest known text on acupuncture
uyku kalitesine zarar verebilir.
dates back to 282 AD

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

43. A number of imaging studies suggest that 44. Research has shown that 15 minutes of
brain's frontal areas can dampen the activity aerobic exercise triggers some changes
of the hippocampus, a crucial structure for within the brain and these changes reduce
memory. nicotine cravings in smokers.

A) Birçok görüntüleme çalışması, hafıza için çok A) Araştırmalar, 15 dakikalık aerobik egzersizinin
önemli bir yapı olan beynin frontal beyinde birtakım değişiklikleri tetiklediğini ve
bölgelerinin, hipokampüsünün faaliyetini bu değişikliklerin sigara içen kişilerin nikotin
zayıflatabildiğini göstermektedir. istediğini azalttığını ortaya koymuştur.

B) Birçok görüntüleme çalışmasına göre, beynin B) Araştırmalara göre, 15 dakikalık aerobik

frontal bölgeleri, hafıza için çok önemli bir egzersizi, beyinde birtakım değişiklikleri
yapı olan hipakampüsün etkinliğini tetiklemekte ve bu değişiklikler sigara içen
zayıflatmaktadır. kişilerin nikotin isteğini azaltmaktadır.

C) Hafıza için çok önemli bir yapı olan C) Araştırmalar, 15 dakikalık aerobik egzersizinin
hipokampüs, birçok görüntüleme çalışmasına sigara içen kişilerin beyninde nikotin istediğini
göre, beynin frontal bölgeleri tarafından azaltacak birtakım değişiklikleri tetiklediğini
zayıflatılmaktadır. ortaya çıkarmıştır.

D) Beynin frontal bölgelerinin, hafıza için çok D) Araştırmalar, 15 dakikalık aerobik egzersizinin
önemli bir yapı olan hipokampüsün etkinliğini beyinde tetiklediği birtakım değişikliklerle
zayıflatabildiği, birçok görüntüleme sigara içenlerin nikotin isteğini azaltabileceğini
çalışmasıyla bulunmuştur. göstermiştir.

E) Birçok görüntüleme çalışması beynin frontal E) Araştırmalar, beyinde birtakım değişiklikleri

bölgelerinin, hafıza için çok önemli bir yapı tetikleyen 15 dakikalık aerobik egzersizinin
olan hipokampüsün faaliyetini zayıflatabildiğini sigara içen kişilerin nikotin isteğini azalttığını
göstermektedir. göstermiştir.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

45. Some people, no matter what they do, cannot 46. Paracetamol is one of the most widely used
fall asleep until late hours and do not feel drugs in the world, but it is not entirely
rested unless they get up later than most of harmless because acute overdoses can cause
us. fatal liver damage.

A) Bazı insanlar, ellerinden geleni yaptıkları A) Parasetamol, dünyada en yaygın kullanılan

halde geç saatlere kadar uykuya dalamazlar ilaçlardan biridir ama tamamen zararsız
ve çoğumuzdan daha geç kalkmayınca değildir, çünkü akut doz aşımı ölümcül
dinlenmiş hissedemezler. karaciğer hasarına sebep olabilir.

B) Her şeyi yapmalarına rağmen geç saatlere B) Parasetamolün dünyada en yaygın kullanılan
kadar uykuya dalamadıklarından, bazı ilaçlardan biri olması onun tamamen zararsız
insanlar çoğumuzdan daha geç kalkmadan olduğu anlamına gelmediği gibi, akut doz
dinlenmiş hissedemezler. aşımı da ölümcül karaciğer hasarına yol
açabilir.
C) Bazı insanlar, ne yaparlarsa yapsınlar, geç
saatlere kadar uykuya dalamazlar ve C) Dünyada en yaygın kullanılan ilaçlardan biri
çoğumuzdan daha geç kalkmazlarsa olan parasetamolün akut doz aşımı, ölümcül
dinlenmiş hissetmezler. karaciğer hasarına sebep olabilir ve bu
yüzden bu ilaç tamamen zararsız değildir.
D) Geç saatlere kadar uykuya dalamayan bazı
insanlar, ne yaparlarsa yapsınlar, çoğu D) Dünyada en çok kullanılan ilaçlardan olan
insandan daha geç kalkmadan dinlenmiş parasetamol tamamen zararsız değildir ve
hissetmezler. akut doz aşımında ölümcül karaciğer hasarı
ortaya çıkabilir.
E) Ne yaparlarsa yapsınlar, bazı insanların
uykuya dalmaları geç saatlere kadar mümkün E) Parasetamol dünyada en yaygın kullanılan
olmaz ve çoğumuzdan daha geç ilaçlardan biri olsa da tamamen zararsız
kalkmadıklarında dinlenmiş hissetmezler. değildir, çünkü akut doz aşımı ölümcül
karaciğer hasarıyla sonuçlanabilir.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

47. While a physical injury might cause pain that 49. Huntington hastalığının yavaşlatılabilmesi
leads to psychological problems, loneliness amacıyla huntingtin proteininin üretimini
and depression can weaken the immune durduran yeni bir ilaç geliştirildi.
system.
A) Huntington's disease could be slowed thanks
A) Yalnızlık ve depresyon fiziksel bir yaranın to a novel drug designed to stop the
sebep olduğu acıyla beraber psikolojik production of the huntingtin protein.
problemlere de neden olabilir.
B) A novel drug that stops the production of the
B) Fiziksel bir yara psikolojik problemlere yol huntingtin protein has been designed in order
açan bir acıya sebep olabilirken yalnızlık ve that Huntington's disease could be slowed.
depresyon bağışıklık sistemini zayıflatabilir.
C) The production of huntingtin protein, which
C) Fiziksel bir yara psikolojik problemlerden causes Huntington's disease, can be stopped
kaynaklanan bir acıyı ortaya çıkarabileceği by a novel drug that has been designed to
için yalnızlık ve depresyon bağışıklık sistemini treat the disease.
zayıflatır.
D) So as to treat Huntington's disease, a novel
D) Yalnızlık ve depresyonun bağışıklık sistemine drug has been designed to prevent the
zarar verebileceği gibi, fiziksel bir yara da production of the huntingtin protein.
psikolojik problemleri doğuran bir acıya sebep
E) A novel drug that has been designed to stop
olabilir.
the production of the huntingtin protein could
E) Yalnızlık ve depresyonun bağışıklık sistemine slow Huntington's disease.
zarar vermesi, fiziksel bir yaradan
kaynaklanan bir acının psikolojik problemler
yaratması gibidir. 50. Nar antioksidan bakımından zengin bir meyve
olduğu için günde bir bardak nar suyu içmek
prostat kanserinin ilerlemesini yavaşlatabilir.

A) The progress of prostate cancer can be

48. Genellikle kalp hastalığı olan insanlara aspirin slowed down by drinking a glass of
verilir, çünkü aspirin kanın pıhtılaşma sürecini pomegranate juice a day, as the fruit is rich in
bozarak kan akışını kolaylaştırır. antioxidants.

A) Aspirin, which is often prescribed to people B) Consuming a glass of pomegranate juice a

with heart disease, eases blood flow, as it day is beneficial in slowing down the progress
impairs the blood's clotting action. of prostate cancer because the fruit is rich in
antioxidants.
B) Aspirin is often prescribed to people with
heart disease because it impairs the blood's C) Pomegranate is a fruit rich in antioxidants, so
clotting action so that blood can flow easily. drinking a glass of pomegranate juice every
day may prevent prostate cancer.
C) Aspirin is often prescribed to people with
heart disease since it impairs the blood's D) As pomegranate is a fruit that is rich in
clotting action and thus eases blood flow. antioxidants, drinking a glass of pomegranate
juice a day can slow down the progress of
D) Aspirin is often prescribed to people with
prostate cancer.
heart disease, as it eases blood flow by
impairing the blood's clotting action E) One should consume a glass of pomegranate
juice a day if they want to slow down the
E) Aspirin eases blood flow by impairing the
progress of prostate cancer since
blood's clotting action, so it is often prescribed
pomegranate is a fruit rich in antioxidants.
to people with heart disease.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

51. Alerjiler sadece uyku düzenini ve verimliliği 53. Bitkisel hayat, bitkisel hayattaki kişinin
etkilemekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda solunum gözlerinin açık olduğu dönemler ve gözlerinin
yolu enfeksiyonu riskini de artırabilir. kapalı olduğu dönemler olmasının dışında,
A) Allergies can not only affect sleep patterns işlev açısından komadan çok farklılık
and productivity, but also increase the risk of göstermez.
respiratory infections.
A) In terms of function, vegetative state does not
B) Affecting sleep patterns and productivity and differ much from coma, although a person in a
increasing the risk of respiratory infections are vegetative state might have periods of time
among the effects of allergies. when the eyes are open and periods when
C) Allergies may affect sleep patterns and the eyes are closed.
productivity, but they certainly increase the
B) Vegetative state and coma might not be much
risk of respiratory infections
different from each other when function is
D) There are many consequences of having considered, apart from the fact that a person
allergies, some of which are related to sleep in vegetative state has periods of time when
patterns, productivity and the risk of
the eyes are open and periods when the eyes
respiratory infections.
are closed.
E) Allergies can cause respiratory infections,
affect sleep patterns negatively and decrease C) Vegetative state does not differ much from
productivity. coma in terms of function, except that a
person in vegetative state has periods of time
when the eyes are open and periods when
52. Araştırmacılar genel olarak sosyal destek ve the eyes are closed.
sağlık arasında bir bağlantının olduğunu
kabul eder; başka bir deyişle, yüksek D) Coma does not differ much from vegetative
seviyede sosyal destek alan kişiler state with regard to function, only if a person
almayanlardan daha sağlıklıdır. in vegetative state might have periods of time
when the eyes are open and periods when
A) According to researchers, people receiving
high level of social support are healthier than the eyes are closed.
others, as there is a link between social E) --------------------------------
support and health.
B) Researchers generally agree that a link
between social support and health might
explain why people who receive high levels of
social support are healthier than those who do
not
C) Researchers generally agree that a link exists
between social support and health; in other
words, people who receive high levels of
social support are healthier than those who do
not.
D) Researchers generally agree that people who
receive high levels of social support are
healthier than those who do not, and there
exists a link between social support and
health
E) Researchers who generally think that there is
a link between social support and health
agree that people

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

54. Improving a child's formal education involves 55. The idea of getting enough sleep to get well
massive interventions. According to studies, or remain healthy seems to have been very
family life affects the child's scholarly popular among people for centuries. .........
standing, for children who watch or 5 hours Unfortunately, estimating a precise sleep
daily score poorly on standardised tests. ---- need with regard to general health or in
Such conditions may be changed only relation to an absolute minimum necessary
through altering the treatment children for survival is difficult. Also, the exact amount
receive from their parents. Education of of sleep loss over a period of time required
parents in the proper care and nurturing of for identifiable pathology awaits further
investigation.
the child is required in order to prepare the
child for best school performance. A) In popular culture, lack of adequate sleep is
often blamed for increasing one's
A) Many parents are concerned that their
susceptibility to illness
children are alone at home after school while
they are at work B) Usually sleep need is conceptualised as an
amount of sleep required nightly on a regular
B) Some studies show income and happiness
basis
are directly related to the quality of education
C) In extreme circumstances of sleep
C) Other limiting factors include absences from insufficiency, any sleep is better than no sleep
school, and parents who do not read to their
children D) lt is difficult to say how much sleep people
require over the previous 24 hours to perform
D) In most countries, the father's occupational a task safely
status has a great impact on student
E) There is a general estimate that performance
achievement
declines about 25 percent for every 24 hours
E) ----------------------- without sleep.

56. For a century, antibiotics have saved us from

diseases that once killed human populations,
such as whooping cough, cholera, and
pneumonia------ Our old enemies that we
thought we had defeated are stronger than
ever. Drugs that once conquered these deadly
bacteria are now worthless. And antibiotics
that are effective today could become useless
in the future.
A) But today, antibiotic-resistant bacteria are on
the rise.
B) Yet, more drugs that can resist the bacteria
are being developed

C) Also, antibiotics are becoming increasingly

powerful.
D) In contrast, fewer people believe in the
effectiveness of antibiotics.
E) Meanwhile, more and more children suffer
from the side effects of antibiotics.

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

57. Approximately 5-10% of all cancers are 59. Develop ways of lessening pain and treating
classified as hereditary, that is, genetic. ---- physical and mental problems. Initially, many
This poses a greater risk for that particular of the ways of treating these problems
type of cancer in certain descendants of the undoubtedly came through trial and error,
family. However, having a cancer-causing using various plants and other methods. ----
In fact, some of these became responsible for
gene does not necessarily mean that one will
carrying out healing ceremonies, religious
automatically get cancer. Rather, it means
rituals, and other rites designed to ensure the
that the person is more likely to get this safety and health of their communities.
cancer when compared to the general
population. A) Those treatments are not commonly believed
to fit within the framework of modern medical
A) Certain hormones have been shown to have practice.
an effect on the growth of a particular cell line.
B) Understandably, folk illnesses are shaped by
B) There is scientific evidence that the cultural and ethnic groups from which they
environmental factors play a role in most emerge.
cancers. C) It is important to understand that some folk
C) This means that a faulty gene that leads to a illnesses have common symptoms that are
treated by Western medical practitioners.
cancer is passed from parent to child.
D) Overtime, individuals within family and tribal
D) A malignant tumour invades surrounding
groups became more skilled at helping the
tissue and can spread to other parts of the sick and injured.
body.
E) In addition, there have also evolved healing
E) If cancer cells spread to the surrounding practices that are not appreciated by modern
tissues, the tumour is likely to recur. doctors.

58. Pain perceived as coming from the face and

head is referred to as headache, a common
experience with about 45 million adults in the
United States having frequent headaches. ----
Among them are tension headaches, migraine
headaches, cluster headaches, sinus
headaches, and rebound headaches. Very
60. (I) If you consume too much sugar, it could be
rarely a headache may signal an infection
such as meningitis or a tumour in the brain. disrupting your sleep even if you do not realise it.
(II) A study by Columbia University found that
A) Tension headaches are the most common participants with diets high in sugar experienced
type of headache.
much poorer sleep, shifting from deep sleep to
B) Medications are the usual approach for light sleep or waking up completely, than those
recurring headaches. who ate fewer sweets. (III) Therefore, it is
C) There are numerous types of headache important for people an eye on their sugar intake
resulting from various causes. during the day. (IV) Thus, if you are faced with a
snack attack before bed, prefer a low-sugar treat
D) About 28 million Americans experience like lightly salted popcorn. (V) As popcorn is a
chronic migraine headaches.
delicious snack, its popularity has increased in
E) The nerves in the head, neck, and face recent years.
transmit the pain signals familiar as
headache. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

61. (I) At the start of the 20th century many illnesses 64. (I) The most significant health risks the nervous
went unidentified, the human body was largely system faces occur long before birth. (II) The
unmapped, and medical treatments remained most vulnerable period in nervous system
limited. (II) However, the mapping of our development takes place before most women
genomes and the development of CAT and MRI have missed a menstrual period or suspect they
scans have given us unparalleled medical insight. are pregnant. (III) Within the first three weeks
(III) Antibiotics have revolutionised the battle after conception the rudimentary nervous system,
against bacteria, antiviral drugs control deadly the neural tube, forms and rapidly differentiates
viruses, and widespread inoculations have all but into the brain and spinal cord. (IV) Numerous
eliminated smallpox, diphtheria, and polio. (IV) factors, environmental and genetic, can disrupt
Cancer and heart disease continue to be among this process to cause structural defects of the
the world's biggest killers and cause many to die brain or the spinal cord. (V) Folic acid, prescribed
even at early stages of their lives. (V) As a result, in the first trimester of pregnancy, supports the
life expectancy has risen from under 50 to over development of the fetus.
80 in some countries.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of

death in the US, Canada, UK, Ireland, and
Europe. (II) It accounts for more than 40% of
deaths in these countries. (III) Some patients with
heart disease may require heart transplantation.
(IV) Many of these deaths are due to heart
failure. (V) For example, heart failure affects
approximately five million Americans with more
than half a million new cases diagnosed annually. 65. (I) If you have ever heard someone claim they
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V have cured their hay fever by spending time
outdoors or that a daily serving of honey, which
contains pollen grains, has built up their
immunity, do not fall for it. (II) Health experts think
that there is not strong evidence for such an
approach. (III) Similarly forcing yourself to eat
63. (I) Tooth brushing is of great importance for peanuts if you are allergic to them is a bad idea,
dental health in young children. (II) Dental as is living with a pet in the hope that one day
fluorosis is a hypomineralisation of tooth enamel you will get along fine. (IV) Immunotherapy
during the period when unerupted teeth are seems to work well for cat allergies, but is less
developing. (III) Normal mineralisation of effective for other types of allergies. (V) However,
permanent teeth occurs from about the time of the idea is grounded in sensible science which
birth until about six years of age. (IV) After that has proven that clinical injections of small,
time, teeth are mineralised to such an extent that increasing doses of an allergen can make the
they cannot be affected by fluorosis. (V) Nor is it immune system less reactive to some allergies.
possible after that time to diminish any existing
fluorosis. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

In 2010, a team of neurologists studied what 67. According to the passage, the scientists
happens in the bodies of mice when they have discovered that ----.
needles inserted into their skin and rotated, just
A) acupuncture may help people suffering from
like what happens in acupuncture treatment. They
various painful diseases
revealed an increase of the quantity of adenosine
in the tissue around the needle. Adenosine B) acupuncture makes humans and mice
functions as a neurotransmitter which helps cells produce more adenosine than usual
repair the tissue after damage. However, it also
C) the pain signals are blocked in human brain
has a marked effect on the nerve cells that send
as quickly as in mice
pain signals to the brain. The scientists
discovered that adenosine blocks pain signals in D) while mice produce more adenosine with
the mouse, so the brain's centre of pain is not acupuncture, humans often do not
activated just as much as previously. In order to
E) if patients are subjected to acupuncture, they
make sure that the effect was not a type of
would definitely feel less pain
placebo effect, the scientists produced genetically
modified mice, whose nerve cells did not react to
adenosine. They were subjected to the same
acupuncture treatment as the ordinary mice, but
they experienced no pain relief. Thus, the
scientists found that the effect on the mice was
not placebo. Since then, they have also
demonstrated that ordinary mice, but they
experienced no pain relief. Thus, the scientists
found that the effect on the mice was not placebo.
Since then, they have also demonstrated that
acupuncture causes a local increase in the
quantity of adenosine around the needle in
humans, as well. But it still remains unknown if
this increase in adenosine has the same pain-
relieving effect as in mice.
68. The passage mainly focuses on ----.

A) an experiment that demonstrates acupuncture

66. According to the passage, the study can trigger the release of adenosine, which
demonstrates that .......... affects nerve cells
A) adenosine might prevent pain signals from B) a scientific test that investigates methods of
reaching the brain increasing adenosine levels for pain relief in
B) the relief from pain with adenosine is nothing humans
but a placebo effect C) a study of neurologists that reveals the pain-
C) some nerve cells are not affected by relieving influence of acupuncture in humans
adenosine while sending signals D) a project that aims to amplify the benefits of
D) signals are transmitted from the body to the adenosine in lessening the pain of
brain with adenosine acupuncture needles

E) it is possible to deactivate the brain's centre of E) research that investigates the chances to use
pain by blocking adenosine acupuncture treatment instead of painkillers
for animals

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

.......................... 70. It can be inferred from the passage that mice

with Bifidobacteria in the study ----.
unclear whether these changes are cause or
effect. Now a lack of certain gut bacteria has been A) became more vulnerable to brain disorders
found to cause faulty patterns of connections compared to other animals
between brain cells in mice. The microbes are a
B) were more likely to have healthy connections
group called Bifidobacteria, among the most
in the brain
common in babies and children. In his study,
James Versalovic at Baylor College of Medicine in C) had a higher possibility to change the form of
Texas bred mice with no gut bacteria, then put bacteria in the brain
Bifidobacteria into one group while leaving the
D) have frequently been used in many
other as it is. By adulthood, the brains of mice
experiments
lacking gut bacteria had an unusually large
number of defective patterns of connections. E) showed more resistance to disease resulting
in brain failure

71. It can be understood from the passage that

the impact of a lack of gut bacteria on n the
69. It is clear from the passage that Bifidobacteria human brain ----.
---- .
A) is the root cause of many terminal illnesses
A) can lead to fewer connections in the brain
B) affects adults more adversely than children
B) are evidently regarded as deadly microbes
C) is considered a scientific breakthrough
C) can be found in humans at early ages
D) is yet to be proven through research
D) are injected to humans to cure mental
E) has caused previous theories to be ruled out
illnesses

E) can lead to longer life span in mice

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

Stress almost seems to have it out for women. In 73. One can understand from the passage that
an annual survey by the American Psychological that women and men ----.
Association, women have repeatedly reported
A) are similar in terms of their tendency to suffer
higher levels of tension than men and sometimes
from depression and anxiety problems
even more stress-related physical and emotional
symptoms, including headache, upset stomach, B) have been reported to experience more
fatigue, irritability, and sadness. What's more, stressful events at early ages
midlife women have been found to experience
C) encounter higher levels of pressure with
more stressful events than both men and women
accompanying headaches and upset stomach
of any other age, reports an ongoing study by the
University of Wisconsin-Madison’s Institute on D) generally quarrel due to the higher levels of
Aging. Stress overload may even lead to chronic tension experienced by women
diseases. Long-term pressures at home and work
E) differ with respect to stress-induced physical
in addition to stress from traumatic events almost
and emotional symptoms
double the risk of type 2 diabetes in midlife
women, according to a recent study at the
University of California, in San Francisco. These
women are also more prone to stress-induced
mental health problems such as depression and
anxiety disorders.

74. It can be inferred from the passage that the

author ----.

A) clarifies why stress is a highly influential

element for both men and women in achieving
their goals in life as well as maintaining their
mental and physical health

72. It is pointed out in the passage that stress ----. B) aims to criticise insufficient scientific research
on the differences between men and women
A) is more dangerous when experienced at work
regarding their stress levels
and home in the long run
C) informs readers about the fact that stress is
B) may lead to several health problems in midlife
experienced differently across gender and for
women
women at different ages
C) causes fewer mental problems for midlife
D) explains why and how men and women differ
women when compared to the younger
in terms of perceiving and responding to
D) may sometimes cause serious stress-loaded events at home and work
misunderstandings between men and women
E) has a serious concern about the risk of type 2
E) is likely to double in the event of traumatic diabetes in midlife women and thus attempts
experiences to make a list of stress-inducing contexts and
events to avoid them

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

The most effective protection against noise 76. It is understood from the passage that ----.
exposure is to avoid it. As this is not always A) customised earplugs are not as effective as
practical or possible, health experts recommend regular ear plugs
wearing hearing protection for exposure to sound
at 90 decibels (dB) for longer than eight hours B) the effectiveness of an earplug depends on
and for any exposure that exceeds 90 dB. the material it is made of
Earplugs are the main way to protect your C) the design of an earplug is more important
hearing. They fit easily into the auditory canal and than the material used to produce it
block sound waves from travelling to the middle
and inner ear. They are available in various D) not all regular earplugs will fit all people in the
materials and in different sizes and shapes, so same way
finding earplugs that fit properly and comfortably E) most people do not use earplugs even when
can take some experimentation. Customised they should
earplugs are also available, made specifically to
fit an individual's ears. A common complaint about
earplugs, however, is that they block so much
sound that conversation is difficult. This
weakening of the sound is called attenuation.
Some designs of earplugs contain channels that
allow sounds at certain frequencies to pass
through. This improves the ability to hear and
understand speech. Customised earplugs for
musicians can block selected sounds so the
musician can hear the tones and pitches
necessary to play or sing.

75. In which of the following situations would 77. What is the primary purpose of the author?
experts recommend using hearing
A) To promote the use of earplugs in the music
protection?
industry
A) Prolonged exposure to sound less than 90 dB
B) To convince people to have customised
B) Any exposure to sound that is more than 90 earplugs
dB
C) To raise awareness about the importance of
C) Exposure to sound that may affect the inner hearing protection
ear
D) To describe a specific type of earplug
D) More than eight hours of exposure to sound at
E) To explain how to properly use earplugs
any decibel

E) Any amount of exposure to sound at any

decibel

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI

Regular moisturising can help to relieve eczema 79. According to the passage environmental
symptoms. The overarching goal in using the irritants ----.
moisturiser after showering is to ‘lock in’ the
A) could worsen the symptoms experienced by
moisture to protect the skin barrier. When this is
eczema sufferers
compromised, irritants can sneak in and water
escapes, resulting in dry, itchy patches of skin. B) are the most important factor contributing to
Heat is another influential factor because it eczema flare-up
removes fats and oils from the skin, which are
C) come from man-made sources, not from
what an eczema care regime is trying to preserve.
natural ones
Very hot water can stimulate mast cells, which
encourages the release of histamines that trigger D) are mainly responsible for the onset of
the itch-scratch cycle. Therefore, using lukewarm eczema cases
water for showers and baths is recommended.
E) do not cause any chronic problems on healthy
Yet another significant factor that eczema
skin
sufferers need to consider is that they are highly
susceptible to environmental irritants such as
smoke, dust, adhesives, formaldehyde from
household disinfectants, isothiazolinones (an
antibacterial in personal-care products) and
overheating. Keeping track of such triggers and
how they affect the symptoms might reduce a
patient's chances of activating flare-up.

80. One can understand from the passage that

the author mainly aims to ----.

A) criticise the conventional ways eczema

78. It is stated in the passage that heat ----. patients are treated
A) is dangerous when combined with B) propose skincare solutions to relieve eczema
disinfectants symptoms
B) causes irritants on the skin to be deactivated C) offer dermatologists alternative methods of
C) removes the existing fats and oils on the skin treatment for eczema

D) blocks the release of histamines D) advise eczema patients to avoid the use of
chemical skincare products
E) formulates the basis for an eczema care
regime E) explain why the heat triggers eczema
symptoms even in healthy skin

ʹʹ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 SAĞLIK SORULARI 

YÖKDİL SAĞLIK 2019 KASIM

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1) E 2) D 3) A 4) B 5) C 6) A 7) C 8) B 9) B 10) C

11) D 12) B 13) B 14) B 15) A 16) D 17) B 18) A 19) D 20) C

21) C 22) A 23) C 24) A 25) E 26) D 27) B 28) E 29) C 30) E

31) D 32) D 33) B 34) A 35) E 36) A 37) E 38) B 39) B 40) B

41) C 42) C 43) E 44) A 45) C 46) A 47) B 48) D 49) B 50) D

51) A 52) C 53) C 54) C 55) B 56) A 57) C 58) C 59) D 60) E

61) D 62) C 63) A 64) E 65) D 66) A 67) B 68) A 69) C 70) B

71) D 72) B 73) E 74) C 75) B 76) D 77) C 78) C 79) A 80) B

ʹ͵
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM
2019
FEN SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

1. In regions with a relatively dry climate, 5. Infectious microbes from animals can be -----
intensive cultivation by farmers can have directly to humans through an animal bite, or
terrible ---- , draining water sources, and indirectly through the bite of insects that feed
causing soil erosion. on both animals and humans.

A) consequences B) assumptions A) sentenced B) designated

C) functions D) distinctions C) restricted D) transmitted

E) observation E) adjust

6. Known for their devoted parental care,

treehopper mothers ------their offspring until
2. The spectacular discoveries and ------in
the young hoppers are old enough to fly
molecular biology in the last fifty years have
away.
created a gene-based medical revolution.
A) bring about B) watch over
A) delays B) celebrations
C) put on D) give up
C) difficulties D) achievements
E) keep off
E) imitations

7. Although smartphones ------ arguably the most

popular gaming platform for the past couple
3. In recent years ----- efforts have been made in of years, they do not have the ability ------ with
introducing improved forest harvesting desktop computers.
practices to tropical forests to support
A) have been / to complete
sustainable forest management.
B) were / to be competing
A) considerable B) deniable
C) could be / competing
C) vulnerable D) habitable
D) are / to have completed
E) changeable
E) must have been / compete

8. E-mail advertising ------ a good reputation

4. Asian sea bass, a fish species farmed in
these days, as people realise that it -----
several Asian countries, feed ------ on small
affordable and effective.
crustaceans (crab, shrimp, etc.) and later
switch to fish as they grow up. A) gets / has to be

A) openly B) firmly B) was getting / could be

C) initially D) mutually C) has been getting / used to be

E) virtually D) will get / should be

E) is getting / can be

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

9. Temperament is an emotional trait that is 12 ------ all greenhouse gas emissions were
relatively stable ------ the life span, and is at stopped tomorrow, the average global
least ------ some degree, influenced by biology. temperature would still keep rising for the
next 30 years.
A) over / to B) into / at
A) In case B) Even if
C) through / on D) with / of
C) Because D) Although
E) about / from
E) Once

13. Life expectancy at birth is the number of

years a newborn infant would live ------ already
existing patterns of mortality at the time of its
birth were to stay the same throughout its life.

A) if B) since

C) in case D) so that

E) although

10 ------ the 20th century, the discovery of extra-

solar planets made a great contribution to the
existing efforts in the search -----
extraterrestrial intelligence.

A) over / at B) within / about

C) throughout / under D) during / for 14. Not much progress could be made in
chemistry ----- chemists gained a better
E) with / above
understanding of the materials they worked
with.

A) as B) until

C) only when D) as long as

E) if

11. The arrival of the printing press had a

profound effect------ Renaissance Europe and
introduced an era of mass communication ---- 15. Dog, which are highly responsive to sensory
- many different languages. information, look and listen to interpret their
surroundings, humans do.
A) upon / at B) among / from
A) although B) just as
C) on / in D) by / with
C) only when D) unless
E) to / through
E) as long as

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

16 ------ the field of seismology can be divided 19. To test pet’s sensitivity to specific allergens,
into studies of the Earth’s structure and of a veterinarian routinely exposes it to these
seismic sources (earthquakes, explosion, etc. allergens via ----- a Daily serum under the
they are not fully separable. tongue------ a shot everyone to two weeks.

A) As long as B) Because A) such / that B) so / that

C) Even though D) Unless C) the more / the more D) either / or

E) Once E) as / as

17. Today, people with rare conditions could be 20. Making up the inner fifth of the Sun, the core
diagnosed quicker ------ the advances in is ------ nuclear fusion creates 99 percent of the
technology including 3D facial analysis. Sun’s energy.

A) except for B) despite A) where B) that

C) as well as D) thanks to C) who D) when

E) unlike E) whose

18 ------ the advancements in Internet service and

delivery, slow-loading web pages are still
commonplace.

A) By means of B) Instead of

C) Despite D) With the help of

E) As well as

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

Overuse of insecticides in urban areas is risky for 23.

several reasons. It can be avoided if several other
A) by B) with
non-chemical controls (21) -----. People, pets,
wildlife, beneficial organisms, and other non-target C) at D) for
organisms may be exposed to insecticides that have
E) into
not been (22) ----- applied. Such exposure could
cause acute or chronic health problems. Insecticides
could leak (23)------- the soil or enter groundwater
and result in pollution. Frequent insecticide use
against particular pests may result in resistant pest
populations that are even harder to control. And,
(24) the harmful impact of insecticides on
beneficial organisms, their use may also increase the
risk of pest outbreaks. (25) ----- , responsible
insecticide use, in combination with other
environmentally friendly pest management tactics,
result in positive environmental consequences.

24.

A) in addition to B) in spite of
21. C) in place of D) unlike
A) would implement B) are implemented E) regardless of
C) have implemented D) implemented

E) had been implemented

22. 25.
A) randomly B) commonly A) Moreover B) Otherwise
C) actually D) properly C) However D) Likewise
E) fortunately E) For example

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

When scientists first started to study nature, they 28.

concentrated on individual living things. They
A) on behalf of B) such as
travelled the world, and samples of those living
things to museums (26) ------ they were catalogued C) according to D) instead of
and identified there. Today, this work still (27) ----- ,
E) despite
but scientists also study the way living things interact
with each other. This research is particularly
important because it helps us to understand how the
changes that humans bring, (28) ------ pollution and
deforestation, can affect the living world. Ecology is
the study of these connections. It involves living
things themselves, and the raw materials and
nutrients (29) ----- by them. (30) ----- ecology, energy
is important because it is the driving force that keeps
living things alive.

29.

A) used B) having used

C) to have used D) using

E) to have been used

26.

A) just as B) so that

C) instead D) although

E) but

30.

A) Behind B) On
27.
C) At D) Through
A) sets out B) doubles up
E) In
C) falls down D) goes on

E) breaks down

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

31. As the human brain thinks, learns and 33. Although people had long tried to visualize
remembers, ----- certain oceanic features, ----- .

A) people might be suffering from a limited A) by 1996, an updated map of the ocean floor
perspective based on data from orbiting satellites was
created
B) it creates consciousness consisting of
thoughts and feelings B) at first, scientists on ships tried to measure
ocean depths and create ocean floor maps
C) some experts think it is possible to
understand the brain simply through scanning C) only 29% of the land surfaces on Earth is not
submerged under the oceans
D) how identical cells produce an immense
complexity is becoming clear to many D) it was not until technology improved that the
scientists first accurate maps of oceans could be drawn
in the 20th century
E) information flow in the brains of some animals
is also easy to determine E) scientist have started to compile all the
available data about the Atlantic Ocean

34 ----- , but its increasing concentration is

32. Since weather plays such an important role in
suspected of causing global warming.
our daily lives, -----
A) Carbon dioxide is a natural constituent of the
A) weather conditions are a result of the
atmosphere
atmosphere’s attempt to gain a balance
B) The burning of fossil fuels causes an increase
B) everyone is interested in the weather forecast
in carbon dioxide levels and toxic chemicals
to take precautions according to the seasonal
conditions C) High levels of carbon dioxide force
governments to take precautions regarding
C) temperature and pressure are the most
the environment
important parameters in meteorology
D) Like methane, carbon dioxide leads to an
D) people pay less attention to weather forecast
undesired change as a greenhouse gas
on TV than on mobile apps
E) Coal burning, which produces carbon dioxide,
E) changes in temperature have minimal impact
is a serious source of pollution
on some people’s moods

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

35. There have been many attempts to define the 37. Fossil fuels have traditionally been regarded
term ‘planet’ over the centuries, -----. as convenient sources of energy, -----.

A) because a planet refers to an object that is A) yet the burning of fossil fuels poses many
not a star and moves in an orbit serious environmental threats

B) as long as all planets must satisfy three B) although fossil fuels such as petroleum,
criteria to be defined as a planet natural gas and coal are relatively plentiful in
Earth’s crust
C) even though it is claimed that Pluto is not a
planet C) if they originate from ancient plants and
animals which are non-renewable energy
D) but to date there is still no universally agreed-
sources
upon scientific definition of the term
D) as they raise Earth’s average temperature,
E) unless a planet is by far the largest object in
worsening the effects of climate change
its orbital neighborhood
E) therefore capturing a small fraction of sunlight
could meet our energy needs several times

38. Digital libraries differ from traditional libraries

36. Even though the term ‘biodiversity’ is -----.
relatively new, -----.
A) whereas the concept of digital libraries can be
A) for thousands of years philosophers and traced back to the 19th century
scientists have studied aspects of biodiversity
B) in that they exist in the ‘cyber world’ of
B) biologists describe the diversity of organisms computers and the Internet rather than in
by comparing their anatomy and physiology physical buildings
C) biologists will need sophisticated techniques C) even if information on the Internet is chaotic
for their studies and expanding quickly and remarkably
D) many of the people who have heard of the D) although digital libraries have developed in
term still do not understand what it means parallel with the rapid growth of the Internet
E) scientists are not able to examine E) so that the digitisation of resources enables
chromosomes and genes with more precision easy and rapid access to digital library
content

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

39. Mountains rarely occur as isolated 41. Recent findings show that storm and
individuals; ---- --. hurricane intensity has grown around the
world since 1970 due to rising ocean
A) still, the generally have steep slopes and a
temperatures---- --.
relatively small summit area
A) though hurricanes are occurring in the
B) instead, they are usually found in circular
northern hemisphere because of warmer
groups
ocean temperatures
C) yet, some mountains have been constructed
B) but global warming models predict that storms
upon the surface by eruptions of volcanic ash
and hurricanes are about to become less
D) even so, their most perceived effects are intense soon
related to the blocking of air flow
C) as long as the number of tropical storms and
E) conversely, their systems occur both on hurricanes stays same over the next 40 years
continent and in ocean basins
D) unless the bigger storms and hurricanes bring
higher water levels, taller waves and more
storm damage

E) in case some storm-protection barriers might

not be strong enough to protect against the
hurricanes and storms

42. Although they have been searching for years,

astronomers have yet to find anywhere in the
universe that remotely resembles the Earth.

A) Gökbilimcilerin yıllarca süren arayışına

rağmen, evrende Dünya’ya az da olsa
benzeyen bir yer henüz bulunamamıştır.

40. Ever since scientists discovered a large B) Yıllarca araştırma yapan gökbilimciler,
number of dinosaur fossils in the late 18th evrende Dünya’ya az da olsa benzeyen bir
century, ---- --. yer henüz bulamamışlardır.

A) we have wondered how a world of giant C) Yıllardır aramalarına rağmen gökbilimciler

reptiles came to an end evrende Dünya’ya az da olsa benzeyen bir
yer henüz bulamamışlardır.
B) dinosaurs might not have become extinct due
to a meteor crash D) Yıllardır evrende Dünya’ya uzaktan da olsa
benzeyen bir yer aramalarına rağmen,
C) lots of new research studies will have been gökbilimciler henüz böyle bir yer
conducted by the end of the 21st century bulamamışlardır.
D) many theories regarding the extinction of E) Yıllardır aranmasına rağmen, gökbilimciler
dinosaurs were confirmed in the 16th century tarafından evrende Dünya’ya uzaktan da olsa
E) it had been a big question mark whether we benzeyen herhangi bir yer henüz
could discover some new species bulunamamıştır.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

43. Not only the physical dangers, but also the 44. Ecological restoration is practiced in all
fact that radiation puts astronauts at a higher regions of the world, but what counts as
risk of getting cancer makes space restoration varies according to cultural
exploration a risky business. perspective.

A) Sadece fiziksel tehlikeler değil, radyasyonun A) Ekolojik restorasyon olarak neyin kabul
astronotların kansere yakalanma riskini edileceğinin kültürel bakış açısına göre
artırdığı gerçeği de uzay araştırmalarını riskli değişkenlik göstermesinin sebebi, dünyanın
bir iş hâline getirmektedir. tüm bölgelerinde restorasyonun
uygulanmakta olmasıdır.
B) Fiziksel tehlikelerle birlikte radyasyonun
astronotları kansere yakalanma riskiyle daha B) Her ne kadar kültürel bakış açısına göre neyin
fazla karşı karşıya getirmesi de uzay restorasyon olarak kabul edildiği konusunda
araştırmalarını riskli bir iş yapmaktadır. farklılıklar olsa da ekolojik restorasyon
dünyanın tüm bölgelerinde uygulanmaktadır.
C) Uzay araştırmaları, yalnızca fiziksel tehlikelerle
değil, radyasyonun astronotların kansere C) Ekolojik restorasyon dünyanın tüm
daha fazla yakalanmalarına neden olmasıyla bölgelerinde yapılmaktadır, ancak kültürel
da riskli hâle gelmektedir. bakış açısı neyin restorasyon olarak kabul
edileceğini etkilemektedir.
D) Fiziksel tehlikelerin yanı sıra radyasyonun
astronotları kansere daha fazla yatkın hale D) Dünya üzerinde tüm bölgelerde uygulanmakta
getirme riski de uzay araştırmalarını tehlikeli olan ekolojik restorasyon, restorasyona ilişkin
bir çalışma yapmaktadır. farklı kültürel bakış açılarından
etkilenmektedir.
E) Uzay araştırmaları, fiziksel tehlikelerinin yanı
sıra radyasyonun astronotların kansere E) Ekolojik restorasyon dünyanın tüm
yakalanma riskini artırması sebebiyle de riskli bölgelerinde yapılmaktadır, ancak neyin
bir iş hâline gelmektedir. restorasyon olarak kabul edildiği kültürel bakış
açısına göre değişmektedir.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

45. Mechanical clocks, in the West, were made at 46. Dopamine is one of the intriguing chemicals
first for monasteries where prayers had to be found in the brains of a broad spectrum of
said at set hours of the day and night. biological organisms, from insects to all the
way to humans.
A) Manastırlarda duaların gündüz ve gece belirli
saatlerde okunması gerektiğinden, Batı’daki A) Dopamin, böceklerden insanlara kadar geniş
ilk mekanik saatler onlar için yapılmıştır. bir yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların
beyinlerinde bulunan merak uyandırıcı
B) Manastırlar, duaların gündüz ve gecenin belirli
kimyasallardan biridir.
saatlerde okunma zorunluluğundan dolayı
Batı’da yapılan ilk mekanik saatleri B) Dopamin, böceklerden insanlara kadar geniş
kullanmışlardır. bir yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların
beyinlerinde bulunan kimyasallardan biri
C) Batı’da mekanik saatler, ilk önce duaların
olduğu için ilgi çekicidir.
gündüz ve gecenin belirli saatlerinde
okunmasının zorunlu olduğu manastırlar için C) Dopamin, merak uyandırıcı kimyasallardan
yapılmıştır. biridir ve böceklerden insanlara kadar geniş
bir yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların
D) Batı’da mekanik saatlerin ilk yapımı, duaların
beyinlerinde bulunur.
gündüz ve gecenin belirli saatlerinde okunma
zorunluluğu nedeniyle manastırlar için D) İlgi çekici kimyasallardan biri olan dopamin,
gerçekleştirilmiştir. böcekleri ve insanları içeren geniş bir
yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların
E) Batı’da kullanılan mekanik saatler, ilk olarak
beyinlerinde bulunur.
duaların gündüz ve gece belirli saatlerde
okunduğu manastırlarda yapılmıştır. E) Böceklerden insanlara kadar geniş bir
yelpazedeki biyolojik organizmaların
beyinlerinde bulunan dopamin, ilgi çekici bir
kimyasaldır.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

47. Bearing an incredibly rich diversity, coral 48. Dünya’nın ve Venüs’ün atmosferlerindeki
reefs are the rain forests of the oceans, and farklılıkların birçoğu, Venüs’ün yüzeyinde yok
provide shelter for numerous species. denecek kadar az su olmasına dayandırılabilir.

A) İnanılmaz bir çeşitlilik barındıran mercan A) Many of the differences between the
kayalıkları, okyanusların yağmur ormanlarıdır atmospheres of Earth and Venus can be
ve sayısız canlı türüne koruma sağlar. traced to near-total lack of water on the
surface Venus.
B) İnanılmaz bir çeşitlilik barındıran mercan
kayalıkları, sayısız canlı türüne koruma B) The near-total lack of water on the surface of
sağladığından okyanusların yağmur Venus is attributed mostly to the differences in
ormanlarıdır. the atmospheres of Earth and Venus

C) İnanılmaz bir çeşitlilik barındıran mercan C) The atmospheres of Earth and Venus have a
kayalıkları, okyanusların yağmur ormanları number of differences, which could be traced
oldukları için sayısız canlı türüne koruma to the fact that there is almost no water on the
sağlar. surface of Venus.

D) Mercan kayalıkları, sahip oldukları inanılmaz D) The fact that Venus has almost no water at all
çeşitlilikle birlikte pek çok canlı türüne koruma on its surface can be considered the main
sağlayarak okyanusların yağmur ormanları reason why there are many differences
olmuştur. between the atmospheres of Earth and
Venus.
E) Mercan kayalıkları inanılmaz bir çeşitlilik
barındırmakla kalmayıp birçok canlı türüne E) There are a number of differences between
koruma sağladığı için okyanusların yağmur the atmospheres of Earth and Venus, and
ormanlarıdır. they can be attributed to the fact that there is
virtually no water on the surface of Venus.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

49. Kuramsal hesaplamalara göre, Everest 51. Herhangi bir bilgisayar sisteminin başarısı,
Dağı’nın kütlesine sahip bir kara deliğin onu kullanması beklenen kişilerin iş akışına
Hawking radyasyonu nedeniyle bütün dahil edilmesine bağlıdır.
enerjisini kaybetmesi yaklaşık milyar yıl
A) A computer system owes its success to being
alabilir.
integrated into the workflow of people who will
A) Theoretical calculations show that a black use it.
hole which has the mass of Mount Everest
B) A computer system’s integration into the
can take about 20 billion years to lose all its
workflow of people who are to use it
energy because of Hawking radiation.
determines its success.
B) According to theoretical calculations, it might
C) In order for any computer system to be
take a black hole having the mass of Mount
successful, it is to be integrated into the
Everest about 20 billion years to lose all its
workflow of people who will use it.
energy due to Hawking radiation.
D) In order to be successful, a computer system
C) A black hole which has almost the same
needs to be integrated into the workflow of
amount of mass as Mount Everest may take
people who will use it.
approximately 20 billion years to consume all
its energy due to Hawking radiation, as E) The success of any computer system
suggested by theoretical calculations. depends on its being integrated into the
workflow of people who are to use it.
D) According to theoretical calculations, if a black
hole has the mass of Mount Everest, it may
lose all its energy due to Hawking radiation in
almost 20 billion years.

E) Whether a black hole has the mass of Mount

Everest or not, it can lose all its energy in 20
billion years due to Hawking radiation, as
52. Küresel biyo çeşitliliğin en basit ölçüm aracı,
shown by theoretical calculations.
şu anda canlı olan türlerin sayısı anlamına
gelen ‘tür zenginliğidir’.

50. Evcil kedi; erkeklerin yalnız, dişilerin ise A) Referring to the number of species alive now,
nispeten daha sosyal olduğu tek türdür. ‘species richness’ is one of the simplest
measures of global biodiversity.
A) The domestic cat is a species in which males
are alone and females are generally more B) The simplest measure of global biodiversity is
sociable. ‘species richness’, which means the numbers
of species alive now.
B) The domestic cat is one of the species in
which males are solitary and females are C) ‘Species richness’ is the simplest tool in
relatively more sociable. measuring global biodiversity, and it refers to
the number of species alive now.
C) The domestic cat is the only species in which
males are solitary and females are relatively D) The simplest definition of ‘species richness’ is
more sociable. the number of species alive now and it is used
to measure global biodiversity.
D) Only in the domestic cat species are males
solitary and females generally more sociable. E) Used to measure global biodiversity in a
simple way, ‘species richness’ accounts for
E) In the domestic cat species, males are solitary
the number of species alive now.
while females are relatively more sociable.

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

53. Charles Babbage çeşitli alanlara önemli 55 ------ Planetary exploration has revealed that
katkılarda bulunmuştur, ancak en çok essentially every atmosphere starts at the
bilgisayarın temel ögelerini kavramlaştırması bottom with a troposphere, where
ile tanınır. temperature decreases with height at a nearly
A) Although Charles Babbage contributed constant rate. Each atmosphere has a
significantly to various fields, he is mostly stratosphere, where temperature usually
known for having conceptualized the basic increases with height or, in the case of Venus
elements of the computer. and Mars, decreases much less quickly than
B) Charles Babbage contributed enormously to in the troposphere.
different fields, but his most widely-known A) Earth’s unique atmosphere is what makes life
contribution is the conceptualisation of the key on the planet possible.
elements of the computer.
B) The global atmosphere rotates faster than the
C) Charles Babbage made major contributions to
solid planet.
a variety of fields, but he is best known for
having conceptualised the key elements of C) Atmospheres are found on the Sun as well as
the computer. 8 planets, and each has its own brand of
D) A variety of fields have benefitted from weather and it unique chemistry.
Charles Babbage’s major contributions while
D) Earth may differ in many ways from the other
the conceptualisation of the key elements of
planets, but not in the basic structure of its
the computer is his best acknowledged
contribution. atmosphere.

E) Among his significant contributions to various E) Earth has many planetary attributes that are
fields, Charles Babbage is best acknowledged important to the study of its atmosphere and
for conceptualising the key elements of the oceans.
computer.

56. In some ways, diesel and petrol engines are

54. Europa, one of the moons of Jupiter, appears constructed the same. Both are designed to
to be no more than an airless world with an convert the chemical energy of fuel into
icy surface. -----. The Galileo spacecraft mechanical energy to power the car -------- The
imaging also showed features in the ice
biggest difference between the two engines is
consistent with a sub-surface ocean. In
the way in which the explosions take place. In
addition to that, the magnetometer indicated
the presence of a global layer of slightly salty a petrol engine, fuel is mixed with air,
liquid water. compressed, and ignited by a sparking plug,
while a diesel engine has no sparking plug.
A) For instance, there are many ecosystems on
Earth that thrive and grown in water that is A) The conversation takes place via a series of
continuously covered by ice. small explosions.
B) However, theoretical calculations suggest that B) The pressure is lower in petrol engines unlike
under the ice surface of Europa, there might diesel engines.
be a layer of liquid water.
C) The diesel engine has changed very little
C) It is possible that sunlight passes through the since its invention in 1897.
cracks in the ice of Europa.
D) The introduction of petrol engines changed
D) Europa has been the most extensively studied
the world in various ways.
moon of the planet Jupiter.
E) In polar oceans and some ice-covered lakes, E) The diesel engine was designed to make as
photosynthesis is performed under the ice- much use of the fuel as possible.
cover.

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

57. Millions of years ago, the remains of plants 59. Seen through a microscope, protozoans often
and animals decayed and built up in thick look like tiny animals living at great speed.
layers. This decayed matter from plants and But protozoans are not animals, and they do
animals is called organic material; it was once not have eyes, mouths or even brains.
alive --------- Pressure and heat changed some Instead, they are microorganisms with just a
of this organic material into coal, some into
single cell -------Many are active predators,
oil, and some into natural gas.
hunting for food, while others stay in one
A) Seismic surveys use echoes from a vibration place and feed on anything edible that drifts
source at the earth’s surface. nearby. And there are some others that form
B) Oil was formed from the remains of animals partnerships with much larger living things to
and plants that lived millions of years ago. survive.

C) The search for natural gas begins with A) These protozoans can be incredibly
geologists locating the types of rock. abundant, for example, an elephant can have
billions of them living in its gigantic gut.
D) Over time, the mud and soil changed to rock,
covered the organic material and trapped it B) Most protozoans live in water, but some are
beneath the rock. found inside other living things, and this offers
E) Scientists and engineers explore a chosen them certain advantages.
area by studying rock samples from the earth.
C) One of the fastest protozoans of all is
Paramecium, a slipper-shaped organisms
58. The products of systematic study are used in covered with fur.
biology in a few ways --------For example, do D) Unlike many other microorganisms,
the specimens studied represent one species protozoans need to eat, and they get their
or several species ? If several, what are their
food in different ways.
identities ? And then, the same biologist
might want to know the relationships among E) Some microorganisms that live in the
these entities in order to fully understand the intestines of plant-eating animals may cause
comparative data he/she has collected. For dangerous diseases.
example, are the similarities in the ecology of
two species the result of convergence in a
similar environment or common history ?
A) Systematists who publish species
60. (I) A very effective antibiotic has just been
descriptions are expected to observe good
taxonomic scholarship. produced thanks to the recent developments in
biotechnology. (II) The term ‘biotechnology’ was
B) First, a biologist may need some knowledge coined in 1919 by Hungarian scientist Karl Ereky
of species and their populations in order to
to mean ‘any product produced from raw
conduct research.
materials with the aid of living organisms’. (III) But
C) Systematics is the study of the diversity of in its broadest sense, the practice of
organisms and the relationships among these biotechnology dates back to ancient times. (IV) In
organisms. approximately 6000 BC, the Sumerians and
D) Biology is one of the oldest scientific Babylonians discovered the use of yeast. (V) And
disciplines, with roots in antiquity and a formal in about 4000 BC, the Egyptians employed yeast
scientific literature. to make bread and the Chinese bacteria to make
yogurt.
E) Comparative sciences such as systematics
use the similarities and differences among the A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
the subjects studied.

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

61. (I) We know dirty air is bad for our bodies, 64. (I) All human activities generate some form of
causing the equivalent of millions of deaths waste, and some of them are called ‘hazardous
worldwide every year, making it a bigger killer waste’. (II) In its most general sense, the term
than smoking. (II) Air pollution leads to a number ‘hazardous waste’ comprises toxic chemicals,
of problems for many species. (III) But could air radioactive materials, and biological or infectious
pollution be bad for our minds too ? (IV) A study waste. (III) Hazardous waste poses a threat to
has found that psychotic experiences, which can workers through occupational exposure and to
involve hearing or seeing something that others the public through exposure in homes,
do not , are more common among teenagers in communities and the general environment. (IV)
the UK’s most polluted areas. (V) However, the
Technical and regulatory efforts have been made
association does not mean that breathing in air
to reduce gas from motor vehicles. (V) The
pollution leads to psychosis in teenagers since
exposure may occur near the site of generation,
there could be other explanations.
along transportation corridors, and near the
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V ultimate disposal sites.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) Ants are the ‘superweight lifters’ of the animal

kingdom. (II) They are often confused with
termites despite many obvious physical
differences between them. (III) They are strong in
relation to their size and can carry objects 10 to
20 times their own weight – some species can
carry objects up to 50 times their own weight. (IV)
Ants are able to carry these objects great
distances and even climb trees while carrying
them. (V) This is comparable to a 50-kilogram
person picking up a small car, carrying it 3 or 4
kilometres on his back and then climbing the
tallest mountain while still carrying the car.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

65. (I) Every year, 8 million tonnes of plastic end up

63. (I) The mixture of gases that surrounds the solid in the oceans. (II) Ocean currents trap a major
earth is called the atmosphere. (II) Although it portion of this plastic in an area of the North
represents a very small fraction of the weight of Pasific three times the size of France. (III) The
the earth, it is very important because it contains German Parliament has recently introduced a law
gases essential to life. (III) Carbon dioxide plays
to reduce the effects of air pollution caused by
an important role by trapping heat, causing the
plastic materials. (IV) A Dutch project called
greenhouse effect, which keeps the earth warm
Ocean Cleanup has placed a 600-m-long floating,
and liveable, for the most part. (IV) Among these
U-shaped barrier there, which is carried forward
gases, nitrogen, oxygen and argon dominate the
by currents, waves, and wind, collecting the
atmosphere. (V) But carbon dioxide, which is vital
to life on Earth, makes up only 0.32 percent of waste, so it can be pumped up by ships. (V) A
atmosphere. total of 60 barriers will be launched with the hope
of collecting half of this ocean plastic by 2025.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

Just like in the well-known fable Little Red Riding 67. According to the passage, how do wolves
Hood, wolves are traditionally described as villains reveal their feelings?
and portrayed as evil and horrible. Now, thanks to
A) They interact with their own relatives by
the latest research, this picture of wolves is
making loud noises.
changing. New studies and evidence give an
intriguing insight into a sophisticated social structure B) They communicate through some techniques
centred around wolf family life. At the root of this is a that human s find unpleasant.
complex level of communication built partly on facial
C) They have to make more efforts than the dogs
expressions that reflect a wolf’s feelings. In effect,
we know today.
wolves ‘talk’ by making faces at each other.
Researchers believe wolves may have used these D) They use their faces as a medium of
communication skills to build bridges with hunter- communication.
gatherer people in a journey that finally led to the
E) They utilise a technique which can only be
domestic dogs we know today. ‘‘Most people think of
understood by hunter-gatherers.
wolves an unpleasant creatures but this is
nonsense,’’ says Elana Hobkirk of Durham
University. ‘‘They are in fact animals which are
capable of joy and friendliness as well as anger.’’

68. What is main purpose of author?

66. According to the passage, wolves -----.
A) To critise traditional story-telling about wolves
A) are undeniably the villains of the social
structure around them B) To inform readers about the family structure
of wolves
B) are being given a new image thanks to the
recent studies about them C) To compare today’s dogs and wolves in terms
of their behaviour
C) are usually illustrated as friendly and adorable
in literary works D) To give information about new studies related
to the nature of wolves
D) are often the main characters of fables and
fairy tales E) To explain how wolves communicate with
humans
E) are described in Little Red Riding Hood in
terms of their family life

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

Compared with other bodily fluids, tears are vastly 70. What is the passage mainly about?
understudied. Collecting that salty drops is tedious ̶
A) Questions that are commonly asked about the
weepy donors are rare, men hardly ever sign up and
way women and men cry
tears must be ‘fresh’ for their make-up to be properly
analysed. As a result, researchers lack a consensus B) Different studies seeking to determine how
about the purpose of a basic human behaviour. Is tears relate to social bonding
crying a primal way to communicate that many
C) Emotions that are conveyed during many
species share, as some chemists hypothesise? Or is
different stages of crying
it, as psychologists have put forward, a uniquely
human key to social bonding? Neurobiologist Noam D) Gender differences when expressing feelings
Sobel has a plan to advance the field: He has through crying
perfected a way to flash-freeze tears and is now
E) The challenges involved in studying why
working to create a ‘tear bank’ for researchers
humans cry and a possible solution to them
around the world. Sobel hopes interested
researchers will eventually be able to select tears by
age and gender from tear bank. This customized
access could be of great help to experiments dealing
with many unanswered questions about the
chemistry of crying: Do tears of men and women
differ? Do the tears affect mood or appetite? How do
emotional and non-emotional tears ̶ from, say,
cutting onions ̶ compare? For Sobel, the more
people who cry their eyes out, the better for the tear
bank.

69. According to the passage, research about 71. Sobel thinks that the more people cry, the
tears is rarely carried out due to the ----- , more -----.

A) lack of consensus about its purpose A) tear samples there will be

B) questions that remain unanswered B) relief they will receive

C) scarcity of the samples needed C) emotional they will get

D) complicated nature of topic D) questions there will be

E) unique chemistry of the fluid E) unhealthy eyes they will have

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

The effects of air population have been divided into 73. It can be inferred from the passage that
several categories so that better analyses of aesthetic effects of air pollution -----.
pollutants can be conducted. Effects include
A) are the most common type
aesthetic losses, economic losses, safety hazards,
personal discomfort, and health effects. Aesthetic B) make an area seem unattractive
effects include any changes caused by air pollution
C) can increase the risk of asthma
that result in the loss of visually pleasing scenery.
Economic losses include the loss of vegetation and D) are within the minor risk group
livestock due to massive exposure to the gaseous air
E) can result in an economic loss
pollution. These particles can kill or sicken
commercial crops and livestock. Other losses may
occur as people’s possessions are damaged as a
result of the pollution, which can cause the build-up
of dirt or dust particles. An additional effect of air
pollution is personal discomfort and health hazards.
Eye irritation, asthma, bronchitis, and sinusitis are a
few of the health risks caused by air pollution.
However, these are some minor risks of air pollution
that are usually curable.

74. Which of the following is true according to the

passage?
72. According to the passage, why are the effects A) Most people pay more attention to aesthetic
of air pollution categorised? effects of air pollution than its health effects.
A) To cope with its economic consequences B) Eye irritation and asthma resulting from air
B) To increase awareness about its harmful pollution can often be cured.
effects C) Loss of vegetation can occur because of large
C) To carry out analyses of the pollutants more groups of livestock.
effectively D) Governments are talking precautions to avoid
D) To prevent the risks of air pollution gaseous air pollution.

E) To list the changes among the categories E) Economic and aesthetic effects of air pollution
are closely related.

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

All forms of life on Earth require water to function. 76. The author gives the protein example in order
Life has been found in all kinds of extreme to -----.
environments, operating at the limits of heat and cold
A) show that protein is the main element in a
and even without air. But every type of life we have
living
discovered contains biological cells that require
water in their operating environment. Cells simply B) explain how important water is for protein
could not function without it. It is not just a matter of molecules to function
keeping them inflated and moving chemicals around
C) emphasise the fact that protein can survive in
̶ living, cells are full of tiny complex mechanisms.
extreme environments
Many of these mechanisms rely on different sections
of molecules either working well with water, or not D) compare the functions of tiny complex
mixing with it. Proteins, for example, are the key molecules
worker molecules in living organisms. Proteins have
E) indicate that there are some molecules which
to fold into particular shapes to carry out their roles,
do not need air to function
and it is the interaction between water and various
parts of a protein molecule that tells it how to fold.
Water is not just a solvent, a substance that
dissolves other substances, but it also plays an
important role in the functioning of our cells.

75. According to the passage; -----. 77. It is clear from the passage that -----.

A) life can be found even in environments where A) both water and heat are essential elements
there is no air for a cell

B) it is difficult to find life in extreme B) water plays a fundamental role in the

environments functioning of living cells

C) certain types of life do not need water to C) how a protein folds depends on the amount of
operate water available

D) biological cells cannot operate at high D) every cell has complex mechanisms that can
temperatures survive without water

E) air keeps cells inflated and moves chemicals E) biological cells contain a high percentage of
around water in order to survive

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI

The red handfish, found off the southeast coast of 79. It is clearly stated in the passage that -----.
Tasmania, Australia, uses its ‘hands’, which are
A) unfavourable environmental factors and a low
modified fins, to crawl across the bottom of the
number of offspring are threats for the red
seafloor. It does not travel very far or fast, which
handfish
restricts populations to small areas. Classed as
critically endangered, it faces threats from habitat B) with the new discovery of the second
degradation and low reproductive rates. Often called population, the red handfish is not
the world’s rarest fish, scientists only knew of the one endangered now
population, numbering between 20 and 40 fish, until
C) the divers will start a habitat programme for
divers discovered a second population in earlier
the newly discovered population of the red
2018. ‘‘Finding this second population is a big relief
handfish
as it essentially doubles the number of individuals we
thought were left on Earth, but the danger is still on,’’ D) there were more than two populations of the
says diver Antonia Cooper. ‘‘It provides hope that red handfish in the past
other small populations may still exist and allows
E) the red handfish may travel to the north coast
scientists to start discussing conservation options
of Australia during the year
such as habitat protection and viability of a captive
breeding programme.’’

78. Why is the red handfish called ‘the world’s

rarest fish’?
80. What is the passage mainly about?
A) This type of fish has the unique colour of red
A) How the red handfish uses its ‘hands’
which can hardly be found in the ocean.
B) The reasons why the red handfish population
B) The ‘hands’ of the red handfish might
has decreased
disappear as the habitat degrades.
C) An exciting new discovery about the red
C) The modified fins of the red handfish travel
handfish
slowly in small areas.
D) Why the red handfish lives off the southeast
D) This type of fish only exists around the the
coast of Tasmania
bottom of the seafloor.
E) How to protect endangered marine species
E) Only a handful of red handfish were known
until recently.

ʹʹ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL KASIM 2019 FEN SORULARI 

YÖKDİL FEN 2019 KASIM

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1) A 2) D 3) A 4) C 5) D 6) B 7) A 8) E 9) A 10) D

11) C 12) B 13) A 14) B 15) B 16) C 17) D 18) C 19) D 20) A

21) B 22) D 23) E 24) A 25) C 26) B 27) D 28) B 29) A 30) E

31) B 32) B 33) D 34) A 35) D 36) A 37) A 38) B 39) B 40) A

41) B 42) C 43) A 44) E 45) C 46) A 47) A 48) A 49) B 50) C

51) E 52) B 53) C 54) B 55) D 56) A 57) D 58) B 59) D 60) A

61) B 62) B 63) C 64) D 65) C 66) B 67) D 68) D 69) C 70) E

71) A 72) C 73) B 74) B 75) A 76) B 77) B 78) E 79) A 80) C

ʹ͵
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ
2018
SOSYAL SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4. China’s estimated space budget is still over-
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi shadowed by NASA’s, ----- is 19,3 billion
bulunuz. dollars for this year alone.

A) who

1. its geographic position as a crossroads of B) what

Europe, Belgium has been a significant C) which
commercial center since the Middle Ages.
D) where
A) Unlike
E) when
B) Because of

C) In spite of

D) Rather than

E) As if

5. Many individuals think creative people are

more self-sufficient; ----- , there is no scientific
2. Most artists need a good, well-paying second study to support this idea.
job ----- they are selling a large number of A) for instance
their works of art.
B) consequently
A) provided
C) likewise
B) because
D) however
C) therefore
E) in other words
D) unless

E) similarly

3. Diversity of experience has created a separate

Islamic world, ----- four geographically and 6. the 1830s a major cholera epidemic
culturally distinct blocks: Middle Eastern, sweeping through Europe from the Middle
Indian, Malay, and African. East killed about 31,000 ----- Britain alone.

A) taken off A) During / across

B) broken in B) Under / in

C) turned down C) By / for

D) woken up D) At / at

E) divided into E) In / under

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

7. ---- advertising’s historic origins ----- its 11. There is a vital and clear distinction between
modern operations have been well the concepts of ‘society’ and ‘state’ ----- many
understood by many traditional businesses. political thinkers have ignored this fact.

A) Much / more A) because

B) Neither / nor B) as soon as

C) Not / only C) as long as

D) Either / and D) although

E) As / as E) when

8. Modern underwater archaeology ---- special 12. Knowledge of a language ---- us to combine
methods to ---- shipwrecks and other sounds to form words, words to form
archaeological sites that lie under water. phrases, and phrases to form sentences.

A) has used / studied A) enables

B) is using / having studied B) prefers

C) used / being studied C) refuses

D) will use / have studied D) chooses

E) uses / study E) includes

9. The principal ----- of the philosophy of science 13. Recent research suggests that air pollution ---
is to analyse the methods of enquiry used in - to 1,2 million deaths and caused thousands
various sciences. of severe health cases only in China in 2010.

A) complaint A) was contributed

B) society B) contributes

C) task C) has contributed

D) memory D) had been contributed

E) rescue E) contributed

10. Coffee houses ----- appeared in İstanbul with 14. Local governments should provide an
coffee entering through the cities of Aleppo effective safety net for the poor and for those
and Damascus in 1555. who become sick or ----- at work.

A) globally A) crowded

B) originally B) decisive

C) honestly C) injured

D) monthly D) basic

E) correctly E) wide

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

15. Joyoti Roy, the consultant for the British 18. Military geography ----- military leaders with
National Museum, has worked ----- a team of information about areas where they ----- to
experts in order to make the museum and its operate.
collection more accessible.
A) had provided / will need
A) unlike
B) is providing / had needed
B) such as
C) will provide / used to need
C) in contrast to
D) provides / may need
D) along with
E) will be providing / needed
E) in terms of

19. Among the measurements to calculate

16. Babylon ----- one of the cultural centres of the inflation, the consumer price index is by far ---
world before it ----- by revolt in 689 BC by the - commonly used measurement in the world.
Assyrians.
A) as much as
A) will be / is destroyed
B) such a lot
B) had been / was destroyed
C) so much
C) was / will be destroyed
D) many more
D) has been / has been destroyed
E) the most
E) is / had been destroyed

20 ----- its split from Slovakia in 1993, Czechia has

17 the World Bank has been funded by the become one of Europe’s most popular travel
United States, its policies have been heavily destinations.
influenced by Washington, the capital city of
A) Over
the USA.
B) Since
A) As
C) During
B) Although
D) Before
C) Whereas
E) Until
D) By the time

E) Unless

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) explain
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) decline

C) expect
A common nationality (21) to create trusting feelings
by forming a common identity that draws on a shared D) compare
culture, history, and language. These commonalities E) trust
supposedly create a/an (22) between people that
reaches beyond their many differences of opinion
and interests and enables them to cooperate with
each other. First, people find it easier to engage with
and (23) people whom they regard as similar in
certain pertinent ways. Second, cooperative
activities, (24) democracy and welfare, involve more
than the humanitarian obligations we owe to people
in general. Not only are such obligations difficult to
create and sustain (25) all human beings, but also
people of differing cultures will want to shape them in
different ways. 24.

A) such as

B) so that

C) unlike

D) due to
21. E) as if
A) says

B) has said

C) is said

D) had said

E) said

22. 25.
A) bond A) off
B) owner B) below
C) lecture C) under
D) queue D) among
E) row E) into

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) on
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) of

C) to
Historians of Africa (26) significant problems for a
long time now. It is important to stress that many D) from
such problems are shared with historians (27) work E) at
in other parts of the world. The lives (28) ordinary
working people, women or children, for example, can
be difficult and often impossible to capture and
interpret. However, Africa has its own challenges.
(29) addressing these challenges, historians have
developed a range of methods which have not only
increased the sophistication of African historical
studies, but have also added to the research
techniques and the analytical style of the (30) of
history.

29.

A) Though

B) If

C) Until
26.
D) Unless
A) were faced
E) While
B) have faced

C) were facing

D) had faced

E) will face

27.
30.
A) what
A) increase
B) in which
B) report
C) who
C) break
D) which
D) field
E) whose
E) change

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 34 ----- ; for example, a person must have it to
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. practise medicine and law.

A) Modern civil law systems were originally

developed in Western European countries
31. Despite having vast fertile lands, ---- .
B) Licenses may not be assigned to or inherited
A) Cuba imports 80 percent of its food at a cost
by a third party in the law
of $2 billion per year
C) The term ‘license’ is always applied in
B) farmers all agree that their country has great
property law, international law and tax law
economic potential

C) much of the island’s landscape is worth D) Consumption taxes raise the prices of certain
visiting products for consumers

D) China has put a ban on using child labour in E) A license issued by a government agency is
factories required for certain professions

E) it is known that almost 70 percent of the lands

of Brazil are fertile 35. The price for an American car is affected not
only by American companies, ---- .

32. In societies where most people can earn a A) thanks to foreign policies that have an impact
living only by working for others, ---- . on agriculture

A) air pollution is also recognized as an B) due to the low price we pay for other local
environmental problem in Europe products
B) being unable to find a job is a serious problem C) but also by Japanese and European auto
C) of the 6,000 people hoping to get jobs, 135 manufacturers
were hired D) in order to reduce competition for car
D) statistics for local areas are based partly on manufacturing companies
the same survey E) so Asian companies are in competition with
E) export is becoming the major national income foreign companies
resource

36. Although the major part of Aristotle’s works is

33. Although cultural diversity is supposedly lost, ---- .
valued in many societies, ---- .
A) their notes are mostly for the use of public
A) it has been getting more and more popular officials
since then
B) they are composed of essays and
B) the country’s political offices are run efficiently manuscripts
enough
C) most of his writings were never intended to be
C) many people still do not approve of interracial read
marriages
D) we may still form some idea of his
D) equal opportunities for all people are really philosophical views
valued
E) he was not as popular as most of his
E) there are much better job opportunities than contemporaries
before

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

37. While humans have described the nature of 40. When the novel The Grapes of Wrath was
social relations for centuries, ---- . published on March 14, 1939, ---- .

A) a new network of social relations is part and A) it created an unexpected sensation across the
parcel of industrialization world

B) it was only in the 19th century that this B) it can be read as a social comment on the
became a scientific field of study economic disasters of the time

C) the social relations involved exploitation, C) the other masterpiece ‘Of Mice and Men’ is
alienation, and domination set in California

D) different definitions of civil society reflect D) these chapters depict the atmosphere during
different theoretical orientations the Great Depression

E) sociology is mainly concerned with social E) John Steinbeck was born in 1902, in Salinas,
relations California

38. Before paper and coins were introduced as

permanent forms of money, ---- .

A) paper was later invented in China, which

transformed the whole world irreversibly

B) money is widely accepted in payment for

goods and services and in settlement of debts

C) coins have been around for more than five

thousand years as a medium of exchange

D) people used a variety of things like rice to

serve as money for trading goods

E) the value of the material used is usually much

less than its value as money itself

39 ----- , but the country has experienced

considerable growth in industry since the
41. Life is boring without fresh experience, ---- .
1950s.
A) but they also need new experiences to enrich
A) Large cities first appeared in Anatolia during
it
the reign of the Hittites
B) so without such shocks to the system, they
B) Today, 75 percent of Turkey’s population lives
would become boring
in cities and towns
C) because new experience brings new
C) Manufactured goods, especially textiles, now
information and forces us to learn
dominate the export sector
D) that’s why most people avoid trying new
D) Turkey has served as a bridge between Asia
things
and Europe throughout history
E) even though what we call ‘life’ moves as
E) For centuries Turkey’s economy was
slowly as a snail
predominantly agricultural

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 44. By 2050, Nigeria is expected to become the
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. third most populous country in the world,
 overtaking the United States of America.

A) 2050 yılına kadar Nijerya’nın, Amerika Birleşik

42. If the experiments do not support the Devletleri’ni geçip, dünyadaki üçüncü en
scientific explanation, then alternative yoğun nüfuslu ülke olması bekleniyor.
explanations must be proposed and tested.
B) 2050 yılından önce Nijerya’nın, Amerika
A) Bilimsel veriler ileri sürülen açıklamayı
Birleşik Devletleri’ni geçerek, en yoğun
desteklemezse, bu açıklama bilimsel olarak
nüfuslu ülkelerinden biri olması bekleniyor.
geçersiz sayılabilir.
C) 2050 yılında, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri
B) Deneyler önerilen açıklamayla uyuşmazsa, o
Nijerya’yı geçip, dünyadaki en yoğun nüfuslu
zaman söz konusu açıklama tekrar gözden
geçirilebilir. üç ülkeden biri olacak.

C) İleri sürülen açıklamalar farklı deneylerle D) 2050 yılına kadar Nijerya, nüfus yoğunluğu
desteklenmediği zaman, alternatif bilimsel bakımından çoktan Amerika Birleşik
çalışmalar yapılmalıdır. Devletleri’ni geçip, üçüncü sıraya yerleşebilir.

D) Bilimsel deneyler açıklamayı desteklemezse, E) 2050 yılında, Nijerya’nın Amerika Birleşik

alternatif deneyler yapılmalı ve açıklama Devletleri’nden sonra dünyadaki üçüncü
gözden geçirilmelidir. yoğun nüfuslu ülke olacağı tahmin ediliyor.

E) Deneyler bilimsel açıklamayı desteklemezse,

o zaman alternatif açıklamalar önerilmeli ve
test edilmelidir.

43. Knowing a language means being able to

produce sentences never spoken before and 45. The type of music we prefer to listen to can
to understand sentences never heard before. have a significant effect on our emotions and
A) Bir dili bilmek, daha önce hiç söylenmemiş behaviour.
cümleleri kurabilmek ve daha önce hiç A) Dinlemekten hoşlandığımız müzik türünün
duyulmamış cümleleri anlayabilmek anlamına duygularımızı ve davranışlarımızı
gelir. şekillendirdiği düşünülüyor.
B) İnsan bir dili tam anlamıyla biliyorsa, bu onun
B) Hangi tür müzik türünü dinlemeyi tercih
o dilde cümle kurabildiği ve daha önce hiç
edersek edelim, duygu ve davranışlarımız
duymadığı cümleleri anladığı anlamına gelir.
bundan belli bir ölçüde etkilenir.
C) Hiç duymadığınız cümleleri üretiyor ve yeni
C) Duygularımız ve davranışımız dinlemeyi tercih
duyduğunuz cümleleri anlıyorsanız, bu sizin o
ettiğimiz müzik türlerinden tahmin ettiğimizden
dili oldukça iyi bildiğinizi gösterir.
fazla etkileniyor olabilir.
D) Bir dili bilmek için, daha önce söylenmemiş
cümleleri hatasız bir şekilde kurmak ve yeni D) Duygularımız ve çoğu davranışımız, dinlemeyi
duyduğu cümleleri iyi anlamak gerekir. tercih ettiğimiz müzik türünden önemli ölçüde
etkilenmektedir.
E) İnsanın bir dili bilip bilmediğini anlamak için,
daha önce söylenmemiş cümleleri kurma ve E) Dinlemeyi tercih ettiğimiz müzik türü,
ilk kez duyduğu cümleleri anlama becerisine duygularımız ve davranışımız üzerinde önemli
bakılmalıdır. bir etkiye sahip olabilir.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

46. Dogs are highly social animals and certainly 47. The sign languages are the best evidence to
sense the situations in which we are unhappy support the notion that all languages are
or in pain. shaped by the same universal values.

A) Köpekler oldukça sosyal hayvanlardır ve A) Her dilin evrensel değerler tarafından

kendilerini mutsuz eden veya acı çektiren şekillendirildiği tezinin en büyük kanıtlarından
insanları kesinlikle hissederler. biri işaret dili olabilir.

B) Köpekler oldukça sosyal hayvanlardır ve B) Tüm dillerin benzer evrensel değerlerden

mutsuz veya acı içinde olduğumuz durumları etkilendiğini gösteren unsurlar arasında işaret
kesinlikle hissederler. dili de bulunur.

C) Son derece sosyal hayvanlar olan köpekler C) İşaret dilleri, tüm dillerin aynı evrensel
mutsuz olduğumuz ve acı çektiğimiz çoğu değerler tarafından şekillendirildiği
durumu hissedebilirler. düşüncesini destekleyen en iyi kanıttır.

D) Köpekler sosyal hayvanlardır ve acı D) Bazı dilbilimcilerine göre, dünya dilleri

çektiklerinde ya da mutsuz olduklarında, bizim evrensel değerlerle şekillenir; bunun önemli
ne hissettiğimizi daha iyi anlayabilirler. kanıtı da işaret dilidir.

E) Çok mutsuz olduğumuz veya çok acı E) İşaret dili, tüm dillerin benzer değerlere sahip
çektiğimiz durumların çoğunu hissedebilen olduğu düşüncesini destekleyen en önemli
köpekler sosyal hayvanlardır. verilerden biridir.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 49. Ekonomi, işsizlik, enflasyon, kalkınma ve
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. uluslararası para krizleri gibi geleneksel
meselelerle ilgilenir.

A) Economics deals with traditional issues such

48. Pers kralları tarafından gerçekleştirilen en
as unemployment, inflation, development and
önemli mimari projeler özenle planlanan ve
international monetary crises.
inşa edilen saraylardı.
B) Economics is not only related to traditional
A) The Persian kings considered palaces the
issues but also employment, inflation,
most important architectural projects and they
development, and international monetary
carefully planned and constructed them
crises.
themselves.
C) Common problems including unemployment,
B) The Persian king attached great importance
inflation, development, and international
to the planning and construction of palaces as
monetary crises are the subjects of
architectural projects.
Economics.
C) The most important architectural projects
D) Economic studies include certain traditional
realised by the Persian kings were palaces
problems like unemployment, inflation and
which were carefully planned and
international monetary crises.
constructed.
E) Traditional problems as well as
D) Since they were considered to be the most
unemployment, development and
important architectural projects, Persian kings
international monetary crises are issues
carefully planned their palaces.
related to economics.
E) As one of the most important architectural
projects realised by the Persian kings, all
palaces were carefully planned and
constructed.
50. Göç birçok ülkenin değişen nüfuslarında
önemli bir rol oynayan demografik bir
süreçtir.

A) Migration is a demographic process that plays

an important role in the changing populations
of many countries.

B) Migration, which is a demographic process,

plays an important role by changing the
population of every country.

C) Changes in the populations of certain

countries are caused by migration, which is a
common demographic process.

D) The most important role of migration as a

demographic process is that it changes
almost all countries’ populations.

E) Migration is one of the most important

demographic processes as it changes many
countries’ populations.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

51. İstanbul Deniz Müzesi, Türkiye’nin en büyük 53. Haritalar, çeşitli kültürlerin çevrelerindeki
denizcilik müzesidir ve zengin koleksiyonları dünyayı nasıl betimlediklerinin mükemmel
bakımından dünyanın en önemlilerinden örnekleridir.
biridir.
A) Various cultures use excellent maps in order
A) The rich collections of the Istanbul Naval to describe the world around them.
Museum have made it Turkey’s largest
B) Maps are examples of cultures, illustrating
museum and one of the most important
how they describe the world around them.
museums in the world.
C) Various cultures have been using maps to
B) The Istanbul Naval Museum is one of the
show the ways they describe their own world.
most important museums in the world due to
its size and its rich maritime collections. D) Maps are examples of how various ancient
cultures imagined the world around them.
C) The Istanbul Naval Museum in Turkey has
become the largest maritime museum in the E) Maps are excellent examples of how various
world owing to its rich collections and unique cultures describe the world around them.
location.

D) The Istanbul Naval Museum is Turkey’s

largest maritime museum and is one of the
most important in the world in terms of its rich
collections.

E) The Istanbul Naval Museum is one of the

most significant maritime museums in the
world and the most important one in Turkey
due to its rich collections.

52. On dokuzuncu yüzyılın sonunda inşa edilen

Pera Palas, Agatha Christie gibi birçok ünlü
konuğa ev sahipliği yapmıştır.

A) Many famous guests like Agatha Christie

wanted to stay at Pera Palace, which was
built at the end of the nineteenth century.

B) Pera Palace, which was built at the end of the

nineteenth century, has hosted a famous
writer called Agatha Christie.

C) Pera Palace, which was built at the end of the

nineteenth century, has hosted many famous
guests like Agatha Christie.

D) Pera Palace, which was built in the nineteenth

century, has hosted many famous writers
such as Agatha Christie.

E) Built before the end of the nineteenth century,

Pera Palace was visited by many guests like
Agatha Christie.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. In April 1601 the English East India Company
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere sent its first expedition to the East. ---- . The
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. success of this journey led to a second
expedition by the same ships, which left
London in March 1604. On the return, Hector
54. The purpose of a research paper is to and Susan set off first, but Susan was lost at
synthesize previous research and scholarship sea and Hector was rescued by Ascension
with your ideas on the subject. Therefore, you and Dragon, which found her in South Africa
should feel free to use other people’s words, with most of her crew dead. Ascension,
facts, and thoughts in your research paper, Dragon, and Hector made it back to England
but the material you borrow must not be in May 1606 with a cargo of pepper, cloves,
presented as if it were your own creation. and nutmegs. The shareholders in these two
Otherwise, you end up committing plagiarism, voyages made a profit of 95% on their
presenting somebody else’s ideas as your investment.
own. ---- . These notes should always
A) Despite the success of the third expedition in
distinguish among three types of material:
1607, the fourth one was a complete disaster
your ideas, your summaries, and your
paraphrases of others’ ideas and facts. B) A train run by steam power changed the
history of transportation forever
A) To avoid this during research and writing,
keep careful notes about your sources C) Rich London businessmen provided a lot of
money for these farmers
B) Presenting an author’s exact wording without
marking it as a quotation is known as D) Its four ships returned from Sumatra and Java
plagiarism with a cargo composed mainly of pepper

C) When you copy and paste passages, make E) The cost of building such a ship and
sure that you add quotation marks maintaining it is quite high these days

D) Unfortunately, some students continue to take

this approach in high school

E) For this reason, the best way of supporting

your argument is to use quotations

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

56. The term ‘allegory’ derives from Greek a 57. Talking in our heads is referred to by
legoria, which can be defined as ‘speaking psychologists as inner ‘speech’. ---- .
otherwise’. As a rule, an allegory is a story in However, there are notable differences too,
verse or prose with a double meaning: a with brain areas useful in inhibiting overt
primary and a secondary meaning. ---- . The speech playing a greater role in inner speech.
origins of allegory are ancient, and it appears The exact brain mechanisms involved may
to be a mode of expression so natural to the come down to why we are talking in our
human mind that it is universal. For example, heads in the first place. For example, when we
many myths are allegorical stories that read a book, brain regions involved in
explain universal facts and forces. attention may be more active than when we
are mentally preparing for a race.
A) However, we can take the old Arab fable of
the frog and the scorpion A) The Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas are active
in overt speech
B) The best known allegory in the English
language is Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress B) It involves some similar processes to overt
speech as it activates the brain regions
C) In other words, an allegory is a story that can
involved in language
be read and interpreted at two levels
C) For psychologists the resemblance between
D) It is difficult to classify such styles correctly as
these two always requires the same brain
there are too many subcategories
mechanisms
E) The whole work is a simplified representation
D) Talking in our heads may even be
of the average man’s journey
accompanied by small muscle movements

E) Inner speech is thought to be healthy as the

individual may get rid of the stress of the day
in this way

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

58. The Asian Development Bank (ADB), a 59. ---- . Unfortunately, it was not performed
nongovernmental organization based in elsewhere during Mozart’s lifetime. That is
Manila, in the Philippines, was founded to probably why devotees today of Mozart’s
provide aid, funding, and various forms of Idomeneo assume that it was totally forgotten
financial and technical support to countries in between 1791, when Mozart died, and 1951,
Asia and the Pacific. The organization also when Fritz Busch and Carl Ebert brought it to
attempts to assist in the improvement of Glyndebourne. However, a glance at Alfred
conditions that affect women and children. Loewenberg’s Annuals of Opera will show
The ADB started operations in 1966 and you how many times it was produced between
initially represented a group of 31 states. As those years. Gramophone records also testify
of 2006, it had grown to have 66 members. ---- that Idomeneo was known about and sung
. during the first half of the twentieth century.

A) This help can take several forms and affect A) Most remarkable of all, Mozart wrote graces
regional, subregional, and local projects into the vocal parts in his thirties

B) This is a major mistake despite the depths of B) For practical reasons he made other cuts
poverty encountered in the country shortly before the first performance

C) These financial programs can involve both C) Mozart did conduct a concert performance in
public and private investments Vienna in March 1786

D) This included 47 states from inside the zone D) Mozart faced difficulties with all three singers,
and 19 from elsewhere during rehearsals

E) Most of these people in the region live on less E) Mozart’s Idomeneo was first performed in
than $2,00 per day Munich in 1781

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) The category of photographic ‘art’ is
Okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü loaded with problems because there are at
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. least two, and possibly three, traditions out of
which this artistic endeavor has been put
together. (II) In the last 25 years artists have
60. (I) Your goal in summarizing a text is to state become increasingly aware of the histories of
the work’s main ideas and key points simply, fine arts. (III) Firstly, there is ‘art
briefly, and accurately in your own words. (II) photography’, stemming from the 1860s,
To summarize a written text, first find the which involves photographers making
author’s central idea – the thesis. (III) A pictures that claim the status of art. (IV)
scientific paper should include an Secondly, there is abstract photography, in
introduction and body paragraphs. (IV) Then, which it is hard to unfold the story behind at
divide this whole idea into a few major and the first glance. (V) Thirdly, ‘street
perhaps minor ones. (V) Since a summary photography’ or ‘auteur documentary’ is often
must be fairly short, you must decide which grouped within art-photography.
of these ideas are important and should be
included. A) I

A) I B) II

B) II C) III

C) III D) IV

D) IV E) V

E) V

61. (I) For many years, archaeologists have been 63. (I) Aesthetics, the philosophy of beauty,
determinedly working to solve one of the comes from the Greek word aisthetikos,
world’s largest jigsaw puzzles: the Forma which means ‘perceptive’, especially with
Urbis Romae. (II) It was an enormous marble regards to feeling. (II) For example, there are
map of ancient Rome created between the still differences in its implications, one of the
years AD 203 and 211. (III) From the fifth most significant being the status given to the
century, as the map fell into disuse, it was body. (III) In philosophy, the word was first
broken up into thousands of pieces, which
used in 1750 by A. G. Baumgarten to mean
were subsequently scattered throughout the
‘the science of sensuous knowledge’, whose
city. (IV) The spectacular ruins that remain
object is beauty. (IV) Kant rejected this use of
today are interesting examples of traditional
the word ‘aesthetics’, and redefined it as the
Italian architecture. (V) Scholars have been
‘a priori principles of sensible experience’. (V)
searching for the map’s fragments in
Hegel, in turn, redefined it as the philosophy
locations around Rome and attempting to
determine their original positions for the past of the fine arts and this definition is the one
500 years. presently used.

A) I A) I

B) II B) II

C) III C) III

D) IV D) IV

E) V E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

64. (I) All developed nations maintain a variety of 65. (I) The First Gulf War was fought by a
social welfare programs. (II) Governments coalition of forces from 34 countries against
establish them to provide a so-called safety Iraq in 1991. (II) The war began because of
net to prevent people from suffering the several crises stemming from the Iran-Iraq
effects of poverty. (III) However, many people War of 1980–88. (III) After the Iran-Iraq War
believe that welfare encourages its recipients ended, Iraq was left with huge debts, largely
to become dependent on government support to other Arab nations that had helped to
and remain unemployed. (IV) As a result, finance the war. (IV) The Kuwaiti government
welfare programs have always caused heated made the disastrous decision to increase its
public debate. (V) Likewise, there are also oil production. (V) However, the Iraqi military
non-profit organizations to help people who had benefited from the war by becoming the
cannot support themselves fully or earn a strongest military force in the Gulf region.
living.
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. It can be inferred from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) the Industrial Revolution had a major effect on
advertising methods

Advertising is the use of mass media to promote a B) new advertising methods have become a
specific product, service, or idea on behalf of a subject of controversy for many people
business or organization. Advertisers ordinarily use C) advertisements try to persuade people to buy
media such as television, radio, print sponsorship of many products that they do not really need
cultural and sporting events, and the Internet. From
the Industrial Revolution to the mid-twentieth century, D) women used to spend more on big ticket
advertising in Europe was generally straightforward products than men
and usually included only an image and description E) teenagers do not have as much influence on
of the product’s function, price, and the location from advertisement sector as adults do
which it could be purchased. Ads were primarily
directed toward women because they were
responsible for the majority of consumer purchases,
the exception being ‘big ticket’ products like cars and
major appliances. Since World War II, however,
industries have increasingly tried to attract the adult
male consumer, and with the advent of youth culture,
children, teenagers, and young adults have been
targeted as well. A common strategy for advertisers
is to create the idea that the given products will
correct a specific problem or insecurity although most
of them will not do so.

66. It is stated in the text that advertising in 68. It can be understood from the text that ---- .
Europe ---- .
A) advertisers usually use the same media rather
A) did not include too many details about the than a variety of media forms
product until the mid-twentieth century
B) the target group of advertisements has
B) used to be more interested in persuading the changed over time
adult male consumer to buy
C) the Internet is the most effective medium of
C) uses the Internet as a tool more often than advertising of all time
other forms of mass media
D) purchasers buy products though they know
D) mainly aims at promoting the sales of modern the products make them insecure
cars and major appliances
E) since World War II, women have been the
E) is directed only towards women rather than only target audience of advertisers
men or young adults now

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. What is the passage mainly about?
cevaplayınız. A) a well-known philosopher’s ideas about
human reasoning

The famous French philosopher and mathematician B) the similarities between modern and ancient
René Descartes focused on rational thought. For philosophers
Descartes, humans were able to know through
C) the reasons why humans are superior to
reason, in contrast to animals that have no language,
animals
reason or soul. In his writings, humans and animals
are seen as living machines, but humans are above D) a comparison between rational thinking and
animals because of their powers of (self-) sensation
consciousness. According to Descartes, the essence E) different definitions and applications of
of being a human subject is this capacity for thinking. various fields
Descartes attached importance to rational thinking
over bodily sensation in our understanding of the
material world, and he was sure that his findings
could be used for the progress of humankind.
However, Descartes has been harshly criticised in
recent times. Today, many scholars do not agree
with the idea of a coherent, individual self, able to
control the material world. They claim that a person
does not really act on the world or shape society
consciously. In contrast, they say that social ‘texts’
such as politics, law, religion and education shape
individuals.

71. According to the text, modern scholars

69. We understand from the text that ---- . suggest that ---- .

A) Descartes’s ideas have not always been A) Descartes was right in his claims about
practical in politics human rationality

B) Descartes believed that humans and animals B) humans can control the material world
were equal in all aspects through rational thinking

C) Descartes’s ideas are followed by most C) individuals mostly act consciously and
scientists today coherently

D) for Descartes, bodily sensation is more D) people cannot consciously shape social life
important than the capacity for thinking but are rather shaped by it

E) modern scholars and Descartes have E) Descartes’s ideas can help us understand the
opposing beliefs about our capacity to change human mind
the material world

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. According to the text, postmodernism can be
cevaplayınız. considered to be ---- .

A) both a continuation of and a break from

modernism and its forms
The term ‘postmodernism’ is often applied to the
literature and art produced in the aftermath of World B) a harsh criticism towards both pop art and
War II. It was a time when the effects World War I musical composition
were greatly worsened by the experience of Nazi C) a blind continuation of modernism and its
totalitarianism, the threat of total destruction by the literary forms
atomic bomb, the progressive devastation of nature,
and the obvious threat of over-population. D) a form of experimentation observed in
Postmodernism involves not only a continuation of contemporary cinema
the counter-traditional experiments of modernism, E) an attack against literature and art as well as
but also diverse attempts to break away from modernism itself
modernist forms. Many works of postmodern
literature –by Jorge Luis Borges, Samuel Beckett,
Vladimir Nabokov, and many others– include such
various genres and styles that they cannot be
classified easily according to traditional literary
norms. This is also true for other art forms such as
pop art, and certain types of music.

74. According to the text, many postmodern

works of literature are ---- .
72. According to the text, postmodernism ---- . A) classified as ‘pop culture’ by ordinary people
A) started as a reaction against Nazi B) said to defy the conventional models of ‘mass
totalitarianism culture’
B) is likely to lose popularity due to its complex C) not easily classified as postmodern literature
style and art
C) was born out of the pain and suffering caused D) against being defined only as postmodernist
by World War II art
D) is a term that is only applied to literature E) hard to classify according to conventional
E) was mainly interested in visual arts rather literary norms
than literature

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 76. According to the text, ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) the primary goal of for-profit businesses is to
earn more money than they spend

Most businesses seek to make a profit—that is, they B) the number of non-profit businesses is higher
aim to get income that is more than the costs of than that of for-profit businesses
operating the business. However, some businesses
C) non-profit organizations are often run by
only seek to earn enough to cover their operating
governments
costs. Commonly called non-profits, these
organizations are primarily nongovernmental service D) businesses should not play a significant role
providers. Examples of non-profit businesses include in defining prices in free-market economies
organizations such as social service agencies, E) non-profit businesses do not make any money
foundations and many hospitals. However, many even for their operating costs
people argue that businesses seeking profit also play
a vital role in the life and culture of countries with
free-market economies. In free-market systems,
expenses and prices are primarily shaped by
competition among businesses, not by governments.
Businesses provide almost anything consumers want
or need, including basic necessities such as food
and housing, luxuries such as wide-screen
televisions, and even personal services such as
caring for children and finding companionship. As a
result, both for-profit businesses and non-profits are
of great importance within the society they exist in.

75. It is clear from the text that in free-market 77. The text is mainly about ---- .
economies, ---- .
A) advantages of non-profit businesses over for-
A) non-profit businesses are more important than profit ones
for-profit ones
B) how businesses have changed over time
B) social service agencies do not cooperate with
for-profit businesses C) the different roles of for-profit and non-profit
businesses
C) the cultural life of the population is negatively
affected by business D) different products that businesses offer for
customers
D) the operating costs of businesses are paid by
local government E) examples of for-profit businesses and their
products
E) the majority of public needs are provided by
businesses

ʹʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. The animals that were used to carry
cevaplayınız. caravanners’ goods ---- .

A) were generally borrowed or hired from the

local political authorities
Throughout much of human history, merchants who
moved goods across long distances minimized their B) could not endure the hardships of the long
risks of loss to plunderers by acting together, journeys through deserts and mountains
travelling in caravans and carrying arms for C) were not easy to find, particularly when the
protection. These caravanners who passed from the route was through a desert
region of one political authority to another depended
on local authorities to secure their protection, and in D) were selected according to the geographical
return they paid transit fees, generally in the form of features of the route
gifts. While passing through stateless areas, armed E) were relatively faster compared to other forms
caravans seemed to be as impressive as a small of transportation
army. The cost of transporting goods by land was
generally higher than by sea or river, and thus the
number of caravans was high only in regions where
these alternatives did not exist. Across dry deserts
such as the Gobi, the camel was the only pack
animal that could survive the rigors of the crossing.
In the intense cold of the Himalayan Mountains, the
yak was the perfect pack animal for carrying goods.
In addition to their economic benefits, the caravan
routes played an important role in world history,
connecting people from different races and cultures.

80. We can understand from the text that ---- .

A) the busiest and most profitable caravan

78. It is clear from the text that caravanners---- .
routes were found in the Middle East
A) were quite individualistic and often looked for
B) caravan routes were beneficial to
self-interest
communities both economically and culturally
B) were armed and worked cooperatively to
C) caravans were economically more
protect their goods from plunderers
advantageous than other forms of transport
C) travelled in small numbers in order to
D) caravanners had to pay ransom to each and
minimize the risk of quarrels in the group
every country they were travelling through
D) carried arms to steal from the inhabitants of
E) rivalries between different caravanners
the towns they were travelling through
caused long and painful disputes
E) had to fight some of the local authorities in
order to carry on their journey

ʹ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI 

A Grubu Cevap Anahtarı

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

B D E C D A B E C B D A E C D B A D E B

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

C A E A D B C B E D A B C E C D B D E A

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

C E A A E B C C A A D C E A D C B D E C

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

D B B E D A C B E A D C A E E A C B D B

ʹͶ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ
2018
SAĞLIK SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4. Some 400 years after Hippocrates ---- ,
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi Claudius Galenus of Pergamum ------the most
bulunuz. influential physician of his time.

A) was dying / will have become

1. Obesity is a major public health problem in B) will die / had become

many nations that has ----- worsened over the C) dies / would become
past four decades.
D) had died / has become
A) carefully
E) died / became
B) ideally

C) correctly

D) significantly

E) hopefully

5. Because individual genes are ---- small -----be

seen microscopically, standard chromosome
analysis generally is not helpful.

2. Clinical surveys suggest that unfortunately, A) so / that

up to 30% of patients are ----- for malaria B) too / to
without even being infected by it.
C) as well / as
A) informed
D) such / as
B) argued
E) less / than
C) treated

D) raised

E) deleted

6. Plant proteins are very beneficial ----- they are

3. Smoking and aging are major risk factors for - rich in dietary fibre and contain no
---- diabetes------ cardiovascular diseases. cholesterol.
A) both / and A) similarly
B) either / nor B) despite
C) so / as C) because
D) but / also D) just as
E) rather / than E) although

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

7. Today, many neonatal care units ----- massage 10. A recent analysis of blood tests----- that HIV
therapy with premature infants, as the gentle (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) was
touch of the massage therapist ----- to calm widespread in the 1970s.
and relax these babies.
A) will reveal
A) will use / had seemed B) has been revealed
B) used / will have seemed C) is revealed
C) were using / will seem D) has revealed
D) had used / has seemed E) was revealed
E) use / seems

11. The radioactive iodine acts as a form of

chemotherapy and invades thyroid cells no
matter ----- they are located in the body.

A) whose
B) what
C) that
8. There are many negative effects of sleep
D) who
deprivation ---- workers; for example, it could
affect a person’s ability to work and deal ---- E) where
emergencies.

A) on / with 12. the beginning of the 21st century, researchers

B) at / for at Yale University have published a number of
studies on patients with a low carbohydrate
C) of / by diet.
D) for / about A) During
E) in / to B) Since
C) Before
D) Until
E) When

13. A number of clinical trials for Alzheimer’s are

being conducted, ----- unfortunately, no drug in
9. Genetic tests for certain types of cancer----- a development has yet shown a clear-cut
long way since they ---- clinics in 1995. benefit.
A) will come / have entered A) as soon as
B) came / might enter B) otherwise
C) have come / entered C) once
D) come / had entered D) unless
E) will be coming / were entering E) but

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

14. In order to increase bone density, the doctor 18. ------- testosterone has long been thought to
may prescribe a number of medications ----- be directly related to physical aggression,
lifestyle measures such as healthy diet and recent studies show that the relation between
exercise. this hormone and physical fighting is
complex and indirect.
A) unlike
A) Since
B) so that
B) In case
C) as well as
C) When
D) for example

E) because of D) Although

E) Because

15. Colour deficiency occurs when the cones that

perceive one of the three ------ colours do not
function properly.

A) tidy

B) practical

C) domestic
19. Any infection can potentially become a huge
D) successful problem ----- poor sanitation and malnutrition.
E) primary A) in spite of

B) rather than
16. Bandages are required to apply pressure on a C) due to
wound to stop bleeding, to provide support
and prevent ---- . D) instead of

A) difference E) although

B) prescription

C) diagnosis

D) movement

E) rejection

17. Lactose intolerance does not affect an 20. It has been known for many years that
individual’s general health ----- the person gets bacterial infection or exposure to certain
necessary nutrients through alternative toxins can ----- pathological bone disorders.
foods.
A) carry out
A) as long as
B) give off
B) in case
C) put away
C) unless
D) lead to
D) as well as
E) rely on
E) although

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) rough
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) individual

C) demanding
Studies conducted in Spain have revealed that
pancreatitis is a growing health (21) in children. It is D) necessary
a/an (22) uncommon painful condition but with a E) available
significant health impact. Unfortunately, very few
studies are (23) on children with pancreatitis. The
latest research suggests that the population in the
north of the country has a higher prevalence of biliary
pancreatitis compared with those in the South. Over
the last decade, the incidence of acute pancreatitis
(24) Incidence estimates (25) to best predict the
adverse effects of the disease because acute
pancreatitis is not a chronic condition.

24.

A) is able to increase

B) has been increasing

21. C) will increase
A) association D) would increase
B) concern E) might increase
C) benefit

D) realm

E) cure

22. 25.
A) relatively A) should be made
B) annually B) will have made
C) doubtfully C) would have made
D) commonly D) used to be made
E) properly E) had been made

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) in
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) for

C) by
The headache is (26) of all human maladies. For
most of us, it is a minor inconvenience but for a D) on
substantial minority, (27) headache (migraine) is a E) from
serious disability and handicap, with significant
consequences for the wider community (28) terms
of time lost from work and treatment costs.
Migraine is not a disease but a pathophysiological
process. Anyone can experience the symptoms of
migraine if they have a history of migraine within
the family. (29), we can predict that these people
will sooner or later experience some manifestation
of this process, although (30) of us may not
understand the origin of the symptoms.
29.

A) Unless

B) In other words

C) Even if

D) However
26.
E) Otherwise
A) as common as

B) more common

C) the most common

D) much more common

E) so common as

30.
27.
A) any
A) excellent
B) none
B) crowded
C) many
C) valuable
D) both
D) persistent
E) much
E) sensible

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 34. Surgery is a safe and effective treatment for
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. many health conditions ----.

A) as the risks and complications related to it

have declined dramatically in the last few
31. Anyone with a physical disability should visit
decades
a doctor ---- .
A) though chronic conditions may limit physical B) unless an objective evaluation of the
abilities complications of an operation are made in
detail
B) on condition that fitness facilities have special
programs C) although the benefits of surgery are numerous
C) although certain activities may cause and mostly specific to the planned operation
disabilities
D) rather than being the only therapeutic option
D) while endurance is an important element of for a particular condition or health
overall physical fitness
circumstance
E) before beginning a new physical activity or
exercise plan E) because it is important to discuss with the
surgeon the anticipated risks of any operation

32. One of the biggest challenges facing cancer

therapy is ---- .
A) whether these measures may help solve other
health problems as well
B) to reveal that non-cancerous cells are safe
from the wasp toxin’s attention
C) how to ensure that drugs target only
cancerous cells and not healthy ones
D) in order to change the structures of fatty
molecules on the outside of cancer cells
E) to understand that of all the venomous bites,
stings are the most common
35. Dermatologists do not know exactly what
33 ---- ; however, a shortage of donors still limits causes vitiligo to start, ---- .
the availability of kidney transplantation in
A) because gene mutation can be an underlying
some places.
cause
A) It might be true that brain surgeons earn more
than transplantation surgeons B) for example, limiting the sun exposure slows
the progression
B) A number of kidney transplant recipients
experience episodes of organ rejection C) as a result, it is more common in people with
C) The risks of transplantation surgery include darker skin
bleeding during or after the operation
D) so there are very few known preventive
D) Transplant surgeons in the US perform as measures
many as 15,000 kidney transplant operations
each year E) consequently, a sunburn that peels can
E) The first successful kidney transplantation trigger vitiligo
took place between twin brothers

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

36. Although researchers think that it is more 39. When the body is not given enough essential
common in older women, ----. nutrients over a period of time, ---- .

A) there is no risk for younger women suffering A) digestion begins in the mouth by the action of
from ovarian cancer chewing

B) ovarian cancer may affect women of all ages, B) it can also result from such problems as
even in their 20s eating disorders

C) a single case of ovarian cancer does not exist C) foods like fruits and vegetables are sources of
in younger women water, too

D) they cannot overcome ovarian cancer easily D) water has no caloric value and is not an
energy source
E) younger women do not take ovarian cancer
E) it becomes weak and less able to fight
seriously
infection

37. Cramps may be a symptom of an underlying

40. The exposure to childhood trauma should be
problem ---- .
routinely assessed in first-episode psychosis
A) unless it is related to pre-existing conditions ---- .

B) when they are generally harmless for the A) as a result of a relation with a lower risk that
person has been hospitalized

C) if they persist for more than fifteen minutes B) although it was once considered to cause an
epidemic disease
D) though they can be divided into two basic
categories C) because it appears to be related to an
increased risk of developing a more severe
E) which is one of the major problems of the illness
current health care system
D) however, they are connected to an increased
risk of developing diabetes
38. Because individual health affects the health of E) despite the significant risk of development of
others, ---- . mental illnesses

A) the principle that respects individuals’ control

over their actions should not be encouraged
41. Achondroplasia (dwarfism) is obvious at birth
B) the spread of this type of disease cannot be ---- .
limited without any ethical issues arising A) because infants born with the disorder have
C) because of being an inconvenience to one’s distinctive physical features
physical as well as mental health B) as a result, it is a controversial topic among
D) public health measures regulate individual medical experts around the world
behaviour in order to achieve population C) because of the benefits of bone lengthening
health goals operations
E) no authority has the right to restrict the D) unless the key risk factor for these babies is
activities of people who have not been their family history
exposed to infection
E) yet it can always occur as a dominant
inherited genetic disorder

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 43. Toxicity caused by metals such as lead,
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. mercury, copper, and iron can have serious
and even lethal consequences, particularly for
children.
42. When the power in electronic pacemakers
A) Kurşun, cıva, bakır ve demir gibi metaller
runs out, batteries must either be recharged zehirlenmeye yol açtıkları için, küçük çocuklar
or changed. için ciddi ve ölümcül birer tehdit olabilirler.
A) Elektronik kalp pillerindeki güç tükendiği B) Kurşun, cıva, bakır ve demir gibi metallerden
zaman, piller ya yeniden şarj edilmeli ya da kaynaklanan çoğu zehirlenme türünün,
değiştirilmelidir. çocuklar için çok ciddi ve ölümcül sonuçları
B) Kalp pillerinin gücü azalırsa, sorunu çözmenin vardır.
en iyi yolu pilleri şarj etmek ya da yenisiyle C) Özellikle çocuklar için oldukça ciddi hatta
değiştirmektir. ölümcül sonuçları olan kurşun, cıva ve demir
C) Elektronik kalp pillerindeki güç bittiği zaman gibi metaller zehirlenmeye yol açabilirler.
şarj edilmelidir; bu işe yaramıyorsa, piller D) Kurşun, cıva, bakır ve demir gibi metallerden
değiştirilmelidir. kaynaklanan zehirlenmenin, özellikle çocuklar
D) Elektronik kalp pillerinin gücü giderek için ciddi ve hatta ölümcül sonuçları olabilir.
azalıyorsa, piller ya derhâl şarj edilmeli ya da E) Zehirlenme kurşun, cıva, bakır ve demir gibi
değiştirilmelidir. metallerden kaynaklanabilir ve bunun
çocuklar için ciddi ve hatta ölümcül sonuçları
E) Kalp pilleri düzenli olarak şarj edilmeli ya da
vardır.
içindeki güç tamamen tükendiğinde yenisiyle
değiştirilmelidir.

44. Since AIDS can be transmitted from an

infected mother to the child during
pregnancy, infants of HIV-positive mothers
are in a high-risk group.

A) HIV taşıyan anneler hastalıklarını bebeklerine

geçirebildikleri için, bu annelerin bebekleri
yüksek risk grubu olarak sınıflandırılırlar.

B) AIDS, hamilelik sırasında, hastalığa

yakalanmış anneden çocuğa geçebildiği için,
HIV taşıyan annelerin bebekleri yüksek risk
grubundadır.

C) AIDS, hastalığa yakalanmış anneden çocuğa

her koşulda geçtiği için, HIV taşıyan annelerin
bebekleri yüksek risk grubunda değerlendirilir.

D) HIV taşıyan anneler, doğacak bebekler için

büyük bir risk taşır; bu yüzden hamilelikten
önce bununla ilgili önlemler alınmalıdır.

E) AIDS, hamilelik sırasında, hastalığa

yakalanmış anneden çocuğa geçer; bu
yüzden, HIV taşıyan annelerin bebeklerine
yüksek dozda ilaç verilir.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

45. The kidneys maintain the purity and chemical 47. Our ability to modify our behavior based on
balance of the blood and the other our experiences is a reflection of the brain’s
extracellular body fluids. willingness to learn.

A) Böbreklerin önemli görevlerinden biri, kanın A) Tecrübelere dayanarak davranışlarımızı

saflığını ve kimyasal dengesini sağlamaktır. değiştirmek, sürekli öğrenme isteğimizin en iyi
göstergesidir.
B) Böbrekler, kanın saflığını sağlar ve diğer
hücre dışı vücut sıvılarının dışarı atılmasına B) Edindiğimiz tecrübelerle davranışlarımızı
yardım eder. değiştirebilir ve beynimizin öğrenme isteğini
kontrol edebiliriz.
C) Kanın ve çoğu hücre dışı vücut sıvılarının
kimyasal dengesini sağlamak böbreklerin C) Beynin öğrenme isteği sayesinde, çoğu
görevidir. davranışımızı hayattaki tecrübelerimiz yoluyla
değiştirebiliriz.
D) Böbrekler, kanın saflığını ve kimyasal
dengesini sağlar ve hücre dışı vücut sıvılarını D) Tecrübelerimize dayanarak davranışımızı
ayrıştırır. değiştirme kabiliyetimiz, beynin öğrenme
arzusunun bir yansımasıdır.
E) Böbrekler, kanın ve diğer hücre dışı vücut
sıvılarının saflığını ve kimyasal dengesini E) Tecrübelerimizden yola çıkarak
sağlar. davranışlarımızı düzeltmemizi sağlayan şey,
bunu yapmayı istememizdir.

46. Researchers are looking for ways to use

endoscopy to screen for various cancer types
that go undetected until their advanced
stages.

A) Endoskopinin, farklı kanser türlerinin

ilerlemeden önce görüntülenmesi için
kullanılıp kullanılamayacağı araştırmacılar
tarafından inceleniyor.

B) Araştırmacılar, ilerlemiş kanser türlerinin

tedavisinde endoskopinin görüntüleme amaçlı
nasıl kullanılabileceğinin yollarını
araştırıyorlar.

C) Araştırmacılar, endoskopi gibi ileri tanı

tekniklerini çeşitli kanser türlerini
görüntülemede kullanmanın yollarını bulmaya
çalışıyorlar.

D) Fark edildiğinde çok ilerlemiş olan bazı kanser

türlerinin görüntülenmesinde endoskopinin
kullanımı, araştırmacılar tarafından yıllardır
inceleniyor.

E) Araştırmacılar, ileri aşamalarına kadar fark

edilmeyen çeşitli kanser türlerini
görüntülemek için endoskopiyi kullanmanın
yollarını araştırıyorlar.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 49. Doğru yemek pişirmek, etteki ve kümes
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. hayvanlarındaki bakterileri öldürür; ancak çiğ
sebze ve meyveler bakteri taşıyabilir ve
yiyenlerde hastalığa sebep olabilir.
48. Her yıl bir milyondan fazla yeni vaka ile
A) Proper cooking kills the bacteria in the meat
kadınlardaki en yaygın kanser türü olan meme
or poultry, but raw vegetables and fruits can
kanseri, erken aşamalarda tedavi edilebilir.
carry bacteria and cause illness in those who
A) It is possible to cure breast cancer at an early eat them.
stage even though it is one of the most
B) The bacteria residing in the meat or poultry
common cancer types in women.
must be killed through proper cooking, but
B) With more than one million new cases every raw vegetables and fruits can still carry
year, breast cancer, the most common cancer bacteria and cause illness.
type in women, can be cured in the early
C) If people cook the meat and poultry properly,
stages.
bacteria die; however, bacteria can survive in
C) With one million new cases every year, breast raw vegetables and fruit and cause illness for
cancer is considered to be the most common those who eat them.
cancer type, but it is curable in its early
D) Proper cooking kills most bacteria in the meat
stages.
or poultry, but raw vegetables and fruits carry
D) Breast cancer, which is a common type of bacteria and cause illness for those who
cancer among women, with almost one million consume them.
new cases every year, can be cured easily.
E) While proper cooking kills the bacteria in the
E) One out of one million women suffers from meat or poultry, vegetables can carry bacteria
breast cancer, but it is a curable disease, and cause illness for those who eat them
especially when detected in the early stages. even when cooked.

50. Otizmin en erken belirtilerinden biri

çocukların diğer insanların dikkatini çekmek
için çaba göstermemesidir.

A) The earliest sign of autism is that children

avoid attracting the attention of other people.

B) In the early stages of autism, children do not

try to attract the attention of other children.

C) One of the earliest signs of autism is that

children do not try to attract the attention of
other people.

D) Children do not try to attract the attention of

other people in the early stages of autism.

E) Unlike their peers, children with autism do not

try to attract the attention of other people.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

51. Doktorlar, sık baş ağrısı olan hastalara 53. İnsan vücudunda en büyük organlardan biri
şikâyetlerinin belirtilerini detaylı olarak olan karaciğer, pek çok metabolik görevi
tanımlayan bir günlük tutmalarını önerirler. yerine getirir ve vücudun filtresi olarak çalışır.

A) Keeping a journal which describes the A) The liver, which is one of the largest organs in
symptoms of their complaints is important to the human body, performs numerous
patients with frequent headaches. metabolic functions and works as the body’s
filter.
B) Doctors advise patients with frequent
headaches to keep a journal that describes B) Being one of the largest organs of the body,
the symptoms of their complaints in detail. the liver performs certain functions and cleans
the whole body properly as a filter.
C) Doctors preferably keep a journal about their
patients with frequent headaches and record C) Because it is the largest organ and the only
symptoms of their complaints in detail. filter in the human body, numerous metabolic
functions are performed by the liver.
D) The symptoms of the frequent headaches
should be recorded in a journal by patients to D) Although it is one of the largest organs in the
follow the course of the disease in detail. human body, the liver only performs a couple
of metabolic functions.
E) Patients with frequent headaches are
recommended to keep a daily journal to E) The liver is the largest organ in the human
record symptoms of their complaints. body and it can perform a few metabolic
functions, such as filtering the body.

52. Beynin uzantısı olan göz, fotoreseptör olarak

bilinen ışığa duyarlı yaklaşık 125 milyon sinir
hücresi içerir.

A) 125 million light-sensitive nerve cells, called

photoreceptors, exist in the human eye to
detect the lights it sees.

B) It is known that the eye is an extension of the

brain containing 125 million light-sensitive
photoreceptors.

C) Being an extension of the brain, each human

eye contains 125 million cells, which are
called photoreceptors.

D) The eye, which is an extension of the brain,

contains nearly 125 million light-sensitive
nerve cells, known as photoreceptors.

E) The eye is an extension of the brain and

contains photoreceptors made up of 125
million light-sensitive nerves.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. Some simple measures can eliminate the risk
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere of food poisoning. Hands should always be
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. washed before food is touched. Fresh fruit
 and vegetables should be washed in clean
water. Cutting boards and implements that
have been used for raw meat should be
54. . The food we ingest activates these bacteria
washed with hot water before being used for
in different locations in the gut. Complex
other foods. Meat, poultry, and eggs must be
carbohydrates that are fermented by these
cooked sufficiently. ---- .
bacteria produce short chain fatty acids that
we use as a source of energy. Some of the A) Raw and cooked foods should be stored
main by-products of this process are certain separately in the refrigerator
gases and vapours of volatile organic B) The beginning of symptoms depends on the
compounds. The main fermentation gas is cause of poisoning
carbon dioxide. Hydrogen producing bacteria
in both the small and large intestines C) The protozoan parasite affects farm animals
generates hydrogen (H2), while methanogens as well as humans
found mainly in the large intestine produce D) Unfortunately, people in certain rural areas do
methane (CH4). not have refrigerators in their houses
A) Gases and volatile vapours are directly E) Mild cases can be dealt with at home by
associated with the state of our health consuming extra fluids

B) Our gut houses a large number of bacteria

that colonise various parts of it
56. Persistent vegetative state is the extended
C) Our human gas capsule can give information state of unconsciousness in which higher
about the most suitable diet for us brain activity (cerebral cortex function) is
negligible or lost though the brainstem
D) The overuse of antibiotics may cause some continues to operate to sustain the vital
serious health problems functions of living such as breathing, heart
E) Kidney diseases can cause diarrhoea and rate, and blood pressures. Basic motor
other gastrointestinal symptoms functions may also occur as the brainstem is
responsible for some motor functions. ----.
However, there is no recognition of or
purpose to these actions, and the person
cannot follow instructions to move in certain
ways and does not speak, drink, or eat.

A) Persistent vegetative state raises many

medical, legal, and ethical concerns

B) The longer a person remains in a vegetative

state the less likely it is that he or she will
recover

C) The person may also make sounds, move the

eyes, and move the mouth
D) A person may remain in a persistent
vegetative state for months
E) The likelihood of recovery depends on the
extent and nature of damage

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

57. Though physicians attempted blood 59. More than 30 years after scientists identified
transfusions as early as the 17th century, HIV as the cause of AIDS, we still have not
many hazards and failures accompanied the managed to devise an effective vaccine
procedure until the mid 20th century. ---- . against the virus. Without treatment, HIV
Doctors then were able to routinely match the
infection usually runs silently and progresses
blood type of donors to recipients and blood
transfusions became a standard element of to severe immunodeficiency (AIDS) and death
medical care. Without this crucial over the course of several years. It has
development, transfusion of whole blood evolved many defences against the human
products, such as red blood cells would not immune system. ---- . However, an efficient
be possible. vaccine that prevents infection in the first
A) Techniques to allow the consistent detection place would be the best weapon -particularly
of blood type finally became available in the in the developing world, where the costs of
1950s drugs and other factors can put effective
B) Many hospitals use procedures to collect, therapy beyond the reach of many.
cleanse, and return blood to the patient during
an operation A) For example, for any antiviral vaccine to work
properly, it has to block infection
C) Blood banks cannot use blood intended for
self-transfusion for patients other than the B) Scientists strongly believe that one drug might
donor put an end to all these painful phases of many
D) Blood stem cells are undifferentiated, which diseases
means they have the ability to become any
C) Certain drugs can usually keep the infection
type of blood cell
under control for decades
E) The total blood donation process takes about
45 minutes, about 20 minutes of which is the D) Researchers are cautiously optimistic that it
actual blood withdrawal would work on the bacteria within the organ

E) The same approach works well for vaccines

58. A typical healthy adult has a respiration rate against other viruses
of 15 to 20 per minute, measured by counting
each inhalation or each exhalation- a
respiratory cycle is one of each. Respiration
rate normally is lower at rest and during
sleep. ---- . The rate also increases with health
circumstances such as infection, fever,
trauma, pain, and strong emotions such as
fear. The brainstem regulates it in intimate
coordination with other vital functions such
as heart rate and blood pressure. The
respiration rate remains at roughly a ratio of 1
to 4 with the heart rate.
A) Therefore, treatment of acute respiratory
failure requires resuscitative breathing
B) However, it accelerates as well as intensifies
with physical activity and exercise
C) Also, heart rate is assessed by listening with a
stethoscope to the new-born’s heart
D) Respiratory failure may arise from extensive
trauma or a severe cardiovascular disease
E) The brainstem, an elongated, bulbous
structure, maintains the functions of survival

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) Brain cells require a constant supply of
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü oxygen to meet their energy needs. (II)
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. Factors such as exposure to heat, light,
moisture, and air may hasten deterioration,
causing a drug to become less effective. (III)
60. (I) The global community has made Deprivation of oxygen for as little as 30
tremendous progress toward health equity seconds causes them to begin shutting down.
over the past 25 years. (II) However, these (IV) Lack of oxygen for two to three minutes
advances have not reached the world’s most causes brain cells to begin dying, which
remote communities. (III) Deep in the might cause permanent loss of function in the
rainforest, where people are cut off from affected area. (V) This loss may involve
transportation and cellular networks,
cognitive function, memory, speech and
mortality is the highest, access to health care
language processing.
is the most limited and quality of care is the
worst. (IV) The World Health Organization A) I
estimates that one billion people spend their
entire lives without seeing a health worker B) II
because of distance. (V) As a result, they
C) III
enjoy advanced health care services in every
corner of their countries. D) IV
A) I E) V
B) II
C) III 63. (I) Packed tightly in nearly every one of your
D) IV body’s cells except the red blood cells is a
complete copy of your genome - the genetic
E) V
instructions that direct all of your cellular
activities. (II) Written in the language of DNA,
61. (I) The diagnosis of genetic disorders is these consist of genes parcelled into 46
based on taking an accurate history and chromosomes that code for proteins. (III) In
performing a clinical examination. (II) The 1990, a consortium of scientists from around
history and examination will focus on aspects the world set out to crack the genetic code
relevant to the presenting complaint. (III) and read the human genome, our “book of
When a child presents with birth defects, for life.” (IV) This monumental task, called the
example, information needs to be gathered Human Genome Project, was completed in
concerning parental age, maternal health, 2003 and succeeded in mapping the entire
pregnancy complications, exposure to human genome- 3 billion DNA base pairs
potential teratogens, etc. (IV) Information
arranged into about 30,000 genes. (V)
regarding similar or associated abnormalities
However, using computers, the scientists put
present in other family members should also
be sought. (V) Such a therapy becomes highly all of the sequences from the fragments back
crucial in overcoming the disease. together to get the entire human genome.

A) I A) I

B) II B) II

C) III C) III
D) IV D) IV
E) V E) V

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

64. (I) Many energy and sports drink products 65. (I) Nowadays many women prefer giving birth
contain high amounts of sugar, which can in their 30s. (II) This may be due to changes in
deliver an energy boost in the form of simple social and economic structure of societies.
carbohydrates. (II) Some products also (III) A report from the Centers for Disease
contain caffeine or herbal stimulants such as Control and Prevention reveals that for the
ginseng. (III) Sports and nutrition bars may be first time women in their 30s are giving birth
primarily carbohydrates as well, though some at a higher rate than women in their 20s. (IV)
products contain a mix of carbohydrates, Taking care of more than one child is getting
proteins, and fats. (IV) Though many people harder and harder every day. (V) The statistics
use traditional medicines, most do not need in this study also shows that the birth rate
or derive much benefit from them. (V) among women ages 30-34 increased from
Therefore, it is important to read their product 101,5 per 1,000 in 2016 to 102,6 births per
labels carefully because they deliver 1,000 in 2017.
significant calories.
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. It can be inferred from the text that autism---- .
cevaplayınız. A) is usually diagnosed correctly thanks to
certain biological tests

As long as the diagnosis of autism is based on B) may lead to a weakening in the social and
behaviour, a definitive pronouncement can only be emotional development of a child
made with observation. Perhaps, once a biological
C) is similar to other common genetic disorders
test is available, the diagnosis can be made before
birth, but such a test still seems far in the future. D) is a disorder of the brain which results in
Having to rely on behavioural criteria means having physical disabilities
to live with ambiguity. And because the range of E) cannot be handled better even after an early
differences between all children is so large, even diagnosis
experienced clinicians can make misjudgements
when pressed for a categorical pronouncement too
early. What happens when parents seek professional
help, when the social and emotional development of
their child seems to deteriorate or simply not move
on? Ideally, an experienced clinician will interview
the parents about their child’s development in detail,
and will also test and observe the child. Then
provision can be made for a programme of special
education to start right away. For this reason, it is
important that this diagnosis be done as early as
possible.

66. It is clear from the text that ---- .

A) the detailed information parents provide about 68. It can be understood from the text that ----- .
their child’s development is adequate enough
for clinicians to accurately diagnose autism A) behavioural clues to autism may be too vague
to make a precise diagnosis
B) there are some children who receive a special
education programme before being diagnosed B) all autistic children take a diagnostic test
with autism just as a precaution before starting a special education
programme
C) there is not much prospect for a biological test
for the diagnosis of autism before birth in the C) there is no way to cure an autistic child unless
near future an early diagnosis is made before birth

D) autistic children exhibit such behavioural D) the misjudgements of the clinicians are
similarities with each other that the vagueness because of lack of experience and enough
of clinical diagnosis disappears data

E) thanks to biological tests, clinicians have long E) there is a little pressure on clinicians to
been diagnosing autism accurately even diagnose autism as soon as possible
before birth

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. We understand from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) periodontal diseases are more common in
children than adults

Oral hygiene is a self-care method for maintaining B) people with the habit of snacking have higher
the health of the teeth, gums, and mouth. Oral risk of tooth decay
healthcare providers recommend brushing the teeth C) snacks must never be consumed in order to
at least twice daily and flossing or using an have a clean mouth
interdental device to clean between the teeth once
daily. People who snack throughout the day should D) diabetes can surprisingly help people
brush more frequently to clear away food debris and maintain oral hygiene
bacteria that accumulate after eating. Appropriate E) gum disease develops more rapidly in people
oral hygiene helps maintain the health of the teeth, with diabetes than in those who smoke
gums, and other structures of the mouth and also
reduces the risk of infection in people who have
tongue, lip, or other oral piercings. Tooth decay and
gum disease develop more rapidly in people who
have diminished saliva production, have diabetes, or
who smoke. Further preventive care measures
include regular visits to the dentist and dental
hygienist for cleaning and examination to detect oral
health problems such as gingivitis, periodontal
disease, and oral cancer.

71. It can be understood from the text that ---- .

69. The text is mainly about ---- .
A) oral healthcare products usually fail to remove
A) why people tend to neglect keeping their teeth food debris
clean
B) eating snacks throughout the day is worse
B) the relationship between eating snacks and than smoking
oral hygiene
C) the level of saliva production is related to oral
C) the methods used by dentists to ensure oral health
hygiene
D) people with tongue, lip or oral piercings will be
D) the harmful effects of snacking throughout the infected at some point
day
E) bacteria that accumulate after eating cause
E) things that we should do to ensure oral diabetes and other risks
hygiene

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. According to the text, the cell of Mycoplasma
cevaplayınız. discoides used in the experiment ----.

A) did not contain healthy and functioning DNA

In 1818, Mary Shelley published a novel that B) was not going to live because of a tiny
shocked a society in the midst of the Industrial bacterium
Revolution. In Shelley’s story, Dr. Frankenstein
C) was produced by a computer to examine
discovers how to use electricity to reanimate dead
bacterial life
creatures. Almost 200 years later, biologists Craig
Venter and Hamilton Smith also gave new life to an D) was first mentioned in Shelley’s novel
‘empty shell’. In this case, the ‘shell’ was a cell of the E) was a computer designed by scientists for
tiny bacterium Mycoplasma discoides, in which the DNA research
DNA had been destroyed. Without DNA to direct the
synthesis of its proteins, the cell would die. The
scientists used a computer to design an artificial DNA
sequence that had all the genes necessary for
bacterial life. Then they made the DNA from
individual nucleotides and inserted this synthetic
genome into the bacterium, where it replaced the
bacterium’s normal DNA. The new DNA directed the
cell to perform all the biochemical characteristics of
life, including cell reproduction. After several cell
divisions, the cells of the new organism, whose
‘parent’ was a computer, no longer had any of the
original cell’s proteins or small molecules.

74. We understand from the text that ---- .

72. It is clear from the text that ---- .
A) according to Shelley, a bacterium’s DNA is
A) Shelley was deeply interested in natural not an essential element in cell reproduction
sciences for a long time
B) modern science aims to create artificial
B) Shelley’s readers were shocked that a women bacterial life by using current technology
could publish her work in a male-dominated
society C) many novelists foresaw that a cell would have
the ability to continue living even without its
C) Shelley’s novel is based on a true story and DNA
the characters are real people
D) in Shelley’s story, Dr. Frankenstein replaces a
D) biologists Mr. Venter and Mr. Smith, two DNA sequence with an artificial one
characters from Shelley’s novel, used dead
animals in their research E) the aim of the study is to understand the
capabilities of a bacterium
E) Shelley’s novel contained certain elements
that the general public was not ready for

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 76. According to the text, the immune system
cevaplayınız. attacks transplanted organs because ---- .

A) it cannot work properly once the surgery is

complete
Our immune system is a wonderfully complicated
collection of cells and organs that helps protect us B) the patient is given doses of immune
against any foreign bodies that invade and cause suppressants
disease. Intruders, such as viruses or harmful C) they cause many people to catch severe
bacteria, are attacked by highly specialized cells. infections
Each of us has the physiological ability to recognize
that our body and its organs are ‘ours’ and that D) it sees them as foreign and tries to destroy
invading objects are not. So while the white blood them
cells and other components of our immune system E) they do not contain any white blood cells at all
attack foreign biological objects inside us, they do
not attack us. The advantage of this is obvious:
disease-causing organisms can be attacked and
destroyed without the body turning against itself.
However, there is a serious downside when it comes
to transplantation. The immune system can
recognize the transplanted organ as foreign and
attack it. To prevent this, patients receiving human-
to-human transplants generally have to be given
large doses of immune suppressants to damp down
the immune system and prevent it from attacking the
transplanted organ. Unfortunately, patients with
suppressed immune systems are less able to fight off
germs, so they are more likely to catch infections.

77. We understand from the text that ---- .

A) patients with transplanted organs are able to

75. It is clear from the text that ---- .
fight off germs better
A) after a transplantation operation, patients
B) the immune system works perfectly well under
become more prone to infections
any circumstances
B) immune system must be supressed long
C) drugs should not be given to patients with
before the organ is transplanted
transplanted organs
C) after a transplantation operation, our immune
D) the importance of the immune system has
system stops forever
largely been underestimated
D) white blood cells in our body do not attack
E) the immune system plays an important role in
foreign objects
our defense against diseases
E) no bacteria can be destroyed by our immune
system itself

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. According to the text, the outcomes of the
cevaplayınız. study indicate that ---- .

A) the menisci get stronger than they were

originally if the patient loses weight quickly
Being overweight or obese can place extra pressure
on joints and cartilage, causing them to wear away, B) the obese are supposed to change their
according to the National Institutes of Health. In treatment methods at regular intervals
addition, people with more body fat may have higher
C) ways to keep joints from deteriorating in
levels of substances in the blood that cause
obese patients must be tailored for the
inflammation in the joints, raising the risk of
individual patient
osteoarthritis. During research conducted by experts
at Florida University, patients were categorized into D) losing weight completely eliminates articular
three groups: those who lost more than 10 percent of cartilage degeneration in obese patients
their body weight, those who lost 5 to 10 percent of E) gaining weight during treatment causes
their body weight and a control group whose weight irreversible damage to the cartilage
remained stable. The results showed that patients
with 5 percent weight loss had lower rates of
cartilage degeneration than stable weight
participants. In those with 10 percent weight loss,
cartilage degeneration slowed even more. Not only
did the researchers find that weight loss slowed
articular cartilage degeneration, they also saw
improvement in the menisci - crescent-shaped
fibrocartilage pads that protect and cushion the joint.
The study emphasizes the importance of
individualized therapy strategies and lifestyle
interventions in order to prevent structural joint
degeneration as early as possible in obese patients.

78. It is clear from the text that ---- .

80. It is clearly stated in the text that ---- .
A) obesity does more harm to joints and cartilage
than high levels of substances that cause A) patients with stable weight do not experience
inflammation in the blood joint degeneration

B) specialists used a comparative method to B) extra pressure on cartilage leads to weight

obtain solid results from the research gain in the obese

C) structural joint degeneration in obese people C) degeneration of the joints is the worst
cannot be prevented by personal therapy condition the obese can suffer

D) the study conducted by Florida University is D) there is a link between osteoarthritis and
the first one in this specific field inflammation in the joints

E) there is only one potential hazard to the joints E) the menisci that protect the joint are not
and cartilage caused by being overweight affected by weight gain

ʹʹ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI 

A GRUBU CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

D C A E B C E A C D E B E C E D A D C D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

B A E B A C D A B C E C D A D B C D E C

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

A A D B E E D B A C B D A B A C A B C E

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

E B E D D C B A E B C E A B A D E B C D

ʹ͵
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ
2018
FEN SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4. It is difficult for scientists to measure the
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi mass balance of ice sheets manually; ----- ,
bulunuz. satellite images of the ice sheets can track
 their growth and recession over the years.

A) however
1. Though other factors contribute to the decline
of species, climate change is a main threat B) for instance
because it occurs ---- rapidly for them ---- C) otherwise
successfully adapt.
D) likewise
A) as / as
E) moreover
B) rather / than

C) too / to

D) as well / as

E) so / that

5. In 1990, the discovery that the universe is still

expanding was unexpected ----- it was thought
2. Today, the Internet ----- access to public and that its expansion had come to an end long
private biological databases that ----- the work ago.
of thousands of biotech researchers around A) provided
the world.
B) though
A) will provide / were supporting
C) so that
B) provided / would support
D) besides
C) would provide / supported
E) since
D) provides / support

E) had provided / have supported

6. Toxic substances are chemicals that cause

3. The digitalisation of cultural heritage is one of damage ---- living organisms as a result ----
the main ---- facing European museums and immediate or long-term exposure.
other cultural institutions.
A) of / for
A) temperatures
B) to / of
B) challenges
C) on/ with
C) invitations
D) in / at
D) elections
E) at / in
E) anniversaries

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

7. In the past few years, there have been great 10. A new theory claims that the cosmos is full of
advances in the field of machine learning, ---- unseen particle families----- do not interact
in Artificial Intelligence. with each other.

A) accidentally A) whose

B) carefully B) in which

C) hardly C) where

D) especially D) when

E) politely E) that

11. Habitat ---- a broad term that we use to

describe the surroundings or conditions
where any given organism ----.
A) has been / lived

8. People are concerned about nuclear waste B) is / lives

because of its long-term effects, but much ----
C) had been / had lived
waste in the form of plastic also lasts for quite
a long time. D) was / has lived

A) communicative E) will be / would live

B) healthy

C) domestic 12. Thomas Young was born in 1773 and is

described as a ‘polymath’ because he
D) temporary contributed to many scientific fields -----his
E) strange extensive research related to colour vision.
A) in case
B) otherwise
C) in addition to
D) so that
E) even though
9. science fiction shows and movies like Star
Trek and Star Wars make space travel look
very easy, the reality is quite different. 13. Toothpicks, which are generally used after
A) Although eating, are highly effective for cleaning ----
teeth ----- gums.
B) Because
A) neither / or
C) When
B) such / that
D) Unless
C) more / than
E) Since
D) but / also
E) both / and

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

14. Air pollution often travels to areas that do not 17. Different regions and economic sectors in the
produce significant amounts of pollution world are currently the impact of climate
themselves; ---- , monitoring air pollution has change in various ways.
become a major problem for many authorities.
A) getting off
A) just as
B) calling back
B) for example
C) dealing with
C) however
D) sending out
D) therefore
E) running by
E) in contrast

18. Modern science ----- answers to many of our

fundamental questions about the universe
and our place within it.

A) offers

B) causes
15. The La Braña-Arintero site ----- by chance in
2006 by Julio Manuel Vidal Encinas, an C) consumes
archaeologist of the Council of Castilla y
D) happens
León.
E) disappears
A) has been discovered

B) was discovering
19. Bees pollinate crops, and -----we want to
C) has discovered
transfer pollen from flower to flower by hand,
D) was discovered we need to protect them.

E) discovered A) when

B) unless

C) if

D) while

E) once

16. Ever since the hydrogen bomb ----- , attempts

---- to harness the power of nuclear fusion for
20. Experts from Montana University are studying
peaceful purposes.
microorganisms which have been living under
A) is invented / had been made the ice of Antarctica the last 500,000 years.

B) has been invented / will be made A) since

C) was invented / have been made B) after

D) will be invented / were made C) before

E) had been invented / are made D) for

E) once

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) For example
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
 B) In contrast

C) Nevertheless
Team work usually occurs in species that live in
family groups and (21) each other as a consequence D) Moreover
of genetic relatedness. Working together (22) many E) However
benefits to an individual, when hunting both small
and large prey. (23), lions work together to bring
down larger prey. As for marine animals like
dolphins, they may coordinate (24) movements to
herd many prey into a small area. Animals have
developed these strategies in order to make prey
easier (25) catch.

24.

A) both
21.
B) much
A) had assisted
C) its
B) assist
D) that
C) are assisted
E) their
D) were assisted

E) assisted

25.
22.
A) for
A) avoids
B) to
B) becomes
C) on
C) ignores
D) at
D) happens
E) of
E) provides

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) external
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) sociable

C) appropriate
Physics is an experimental science. Physicists
observe the phenomena of nature and try to find D) dreadful
patterns (26) relate these phenomena. These E) informal
patterns are called physical theories or, (27) they
are very well established and widely used, physical
laws or principles. Physicists have to ask
appropriate questions, carry out experiments to try
to answer the questions, and draw (28) conclusions
from the results. Physics is not simply a collection
of facts; it is also the process by which we arrive at
general principles that describe how the physical
universe behaves. No theory is regarded as the
final truth. It is in the nature of physical theory that
we can (29) a theory by finding behaviour that is
inconsistent with it. (30), we can never prove 29.
beyond question that a theory is undoubtedly
A) exploit
correct.
B) require

C) disprove

D) remain

E) involve

26.

A) in which

B) when

C) where

D) which

E) what

30.

A) In other words
27.
B) Such as
A) when
C) As though
B) much as
D) In contrast
C) even if
E) Otherwise
D) until

E) unless

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 34. While animals such as whales have larger
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. brains by weight,---- .

A) a baby whale uses up much more energy

while growing up
31. Biological activity in soil slows down or stops
----. B) the human brain is the largest relative to the
size of its owner’s body
A) when oil spills were experienced in the ocean
C) such a small body may be a great advantage
B) because soil is regarded as static and inactive
to move while in danger
C) after vegetation had started to regenerate
itself in spring D) its brain consumes a large amount of energy
while sending information
D) so the moon’s influence on the tide was
E) a special feature of the human brain is its
dramatic
need for energy
E) if the soil becomes too cold or too dry

35. Even though bacteria have a bad reputation

for causing disease, ---- .
32. Although the world produces enough food to A) more bacteria have become resistant to
feed its population, ----. treatment
A) nearly one billion people do not have enough B) yet various antitoxins have been used to treat
to eat infections
B) that eating genetically modified food is a C) in reality, very few species of bacteria infect
concern especially for children humans
C) yet industrial agriculture helps increase the D) bacterial disease can have several serious
global crop outcomes
D) socioeconomic methods should be applied to E) it is not used to kill the harmful bacteria in
stop this problem humans
E) poor nutrition is no longer the leading health
risk worldwide
36. Scientists have designed a nano crystal 500
times smaller than a human hair ----.

A) because a laser could be used in order to

project a holographic image in modern
displays
33. Because Bennu, the asteroid, regularly
passes relatively near to Earth ----. B) since the old ones could perform much better

A) it has not been studied thoroughly yet C) if they are used in anti-counterfeit devices in
bank notes, and in some medical applications
B) it is nearly impossible to analyse them
D) that turns darkness into visible light and could
C) scientists cannot understand how they occur be used to create night-vision glasses
D) astronomers can study its orbit closely E) in case they involve the study of behaviour of
E) they travel more than a million kilometres light and interaction of objects with light

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

37 ---- , most aerospace companies devote their

resources to improving existing products.
40 ; for instance, they constructed bridges to
A) Although development of a new flight vehicle make travelling easier.
might take a decade or more
A) The cities of the Romans had large
B) Since they design wings or body surfaces to populations and impressive public houses
make the craft faster
B) Historians estimate that ninety percent of the
C) After engineers subject a new model of the population lived in the country
aircraft to tests in a wind tunnel
C) Ancient Rome was situated on seven hills and
D) Because the cost of developing new flight its monumental public buildings
vehicles is so high
D) The Romans displayed remarkable skill in
E) Even before computer-aided design enabled building and engineering
engineers to test designs
E) Ancient Rome ruled a vast empire with a
small civil service

38. We will not be able to meet the climate

warming goals set by the Paris Agreement----
.

A) as long as emission-reducing technologies

spread globally at incredible speeds

B) unless we speed up the spread of clean

technology immediately

C) since we have long supported scientific

advances in these fields

D) although global emissions of these gases

have recently gone up significantly

E) because the institutions have already

improved their experimental techniques

39 as well as an increase in blood pressure,

41 as they will be able to store energy from
respiration and heart rate.
wind and solar power.
A) Neuroscience had already become the fastest
A) Future electrodes will not be very useful and
growing discipline
efficient
B) The rush of adrenaline causes a sudden
B) The faster recharging lithium battery has
release of glucose
disappeared
C) One of the basic requirements is certain
C) New generations of lithium batteries will be
coded information
very popular
D) A new system for diagnosing increase in
D) Storing electrical energy quickly has not been
blood pressure has been designed
achieved
E) Information is sent effectively around the
E) It was recently discovered by a group of
nervous system
students

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 44. A growing body of scientific studies indicate
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. that following the Mediterranean diet can help
 slow memory loss.

A) Hafıza kaybını önlemeye yardımcı olduğu için

42. The real reason cats avoid water is that their Akdeniz diyetini uygulamanın gerekliliği
fur becomes soaked and loses its protecting bilimsel çalışmalarda ortaya konmuştur.
property.
B) Artan sayıda bilimsel çalışma Akdeniz diyetini
A) Kedilerin sudan kaçınmasının asıl nedeni uygulamanın hafıza kaybını yavaşlatmaya
kürklerinin ıslanması ve koruyucu özelliğini yardımcı olabildiğini göstermektedir.
yitirmesidir.
C) Bilim insanları tarafından yapılan çalışmalar
B) Kürklerinin koruyucu özelliğini tamamen Akdeniz diyetini uygulayan bireylerde hafıza
bozduğu için kediler sudan kaçınırlar. kaybının yaşanmadığını göstermektedir.
C) Kediler sudan kaçınırlar; çünkü su, kürklerinin D) Çok sayıda çalışma, yaşlılıkta Akdeniz diyetini
koruyucu özelliğini tamamen bozar. uygulamanın olası hafıza kaybını
D) Kedilerin sudan kaçınmasının nedenlerinden yavaşlattığını göstermektedir.
biri de kürklerinin koruyucu özelliğini E) Artan sayıda çalışmada işaret edildiği gibi
yitirmesidir. Akdeniz diyetini uygulamak hafıza kaybını
E) Kürklerinin ıslanması ve koruyucu özelliğini büyük ölçüde yavaşlatmaktadır.
yitirmesi kedilerin sudan korkmasının sebebi
olabilir.
45. Fossilized 21-million-year-old monkey teeth
found on the Panama Canal are the most
43. Because they are more elastic than metals significant evidence of the presence of
like steel, the use of composite materials in mammals in North America.
train construction is still a debated issue in A) Panama Kanalı’nda bulunan 21 milyon
terms of safety. yaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymun dişleri, Kuzey
A) Çelik gibi metallerden daha esnek olmadıkları Amerika’daki memeli varlığının en önemli
için, kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımında kanıtıdır.
kullanımı, güvenlik açısından tartışmaya açık B) Panama Kanalı’nda ilk kez bulunan 21 milyon
bir konudur. yaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymun dişleri, Kuzey
B) Kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımında Amerika’daki memeli varlığının önemli bir
kullanımının en önemli sebeplerinden biri, kanıtıdır.
çelik gibi metallerden daha esnek olmasıdır. C) 21 milyon yaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymun
C) Çelik gibi metaller esnek oldukları için, dişleri, Kuzey Amerika’da yaşamış olan ilkel
kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımında türler hakkında önemli ipuçları vermektedir.
kullanımı uzun zamandır tartışılmaktadır. D) Panama Kanalı civarında bulunan 21 milyon
D) Kompozit malzemeler, çelik gibi metallerden yaşındaki maymun dişleri, ilk memelilerin
daha esnek olsalar da, tren yapımında Kuzey Amerika’da yaşadıklarının önemli bir
kullanımı, güvenlik açısından sakıncalıdır. işaretidir.

E) Çelik gibi metallerden daha esnek oldukları E) Kuzey Amerika’daki Panama Kanalı’nda şans
için, kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımında eseri bulunan 21 milyon yaşındaki maymun
kullanımı, güvenlik açısından hâlâ tartışılan dişleri, ilk memeli varlığının en önemli kanıtı
bir konudur. kabul edilir.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

46. The United Nations defines biotechnology as 47. One of the effects of deforestation, which
any technological application that uses accelerated in the late 20th century, is the
biological systems to make or modify disappearance of many plant and animal
products. species.

A) Biyoteknoloji, çeşitli ürünleri yapmak için A) 20. yüzyılın sonlarında ortaya çıkan orman
biyolojik sistemleri kullanan her türlü teknolojik kaybının etkilerinin başında bazı bitki ve
uygulama olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. hayvan türlerinin yok olması gelir.

B) Birleşmiş Milletlere göre, biyolojik sistem B) Birçok bitki ve hayvan türünün ortadan
teknolojisi, birçok ürünü yapmak ve kaybolması, 20. yüzyılda meydana gelen
değiştirmek için geliştirilen önemli bir orman kaybının açık sonucudur.
teknolojik uygulamadır.
C) 20. yüzyılın sonlarındaki orman kaybı, bitki ve
C) Birleşmiş Milletler, biyoteknolojiyi, birtakım hayvan türlerinin ortadan kaybolmasının
biyolojik ürünleri yapmak için kullanılan başlıca nedenidir.
teknolojik bir uygulama olarak
D) 20. yüzyılda hızlanan orman kaybının önemli
tanımlamaktadır.
etkilerinden biri, bitki ve hayvan sayısının
D) Biyoteknoloji, ürünleri yapmak ve değiştirmek önemli ölçüde azalmasıdır.
için Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından da kullanan
E) 20. yüzyılın sonlarında hızlanan orman
teknolojik bir uygulama olarak
kaybının etkilerinden biri, birçok bitki ve
sınıflandırılabilir.
hayvan türünün yok olmasıdır.
E) Birleşmiş Milletler, biyoteknolojiyi, ürünleri
yapmak ya da değiştirmek için biyolojik
sistemleri kullanan her türlü teknolojik
uygulama olarak tanımlamaktadır.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 49. Mühendislerden sadece işlerini yetkin bir
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. şekilde yerine getirmeleri değil, aynı zamanda
mühendisliğin ahlaki ve toplumsal etkilerinin
de farkında olmaları beklenmektedir.
48. Modern bilimin kökleri Avrupa’da 1500-1750
A) Engineers should not only perform their work
yılları arasında gerçekleşen hızlı bilimsel
competently, but consider almost all ethical
gelişmelerde yatar.
and social aspects of their profession as well.
A) Modern science emerged thanks to rapid
B) Engineers are expected to perform their work
scientific developments that occurred in
competently so that social issues of
Europe between roughly 1500 and 1750.
engineering can be handled appropriately.
B) The principles of modern science can be
C) Engineers’ primary duty is that they should be
traced back to a period between 1500 and
competent and aware of the ethical and social
1750 which witnessed significant
effects of engineering.
developments.
D) Engineers are supposed to perform their work
C) A period of scientific development that
competently and to know the ethical and
occurred in Europe between 1500 and 1750 is
social effects of their decisions.
considered to be the origins of modern
science. E) Engineers are expected not only to perform
their work competently but also to be aware of
D) The origins of modern science lie in rapid
the ethical and social effects of engineering.
scientific developments that occurred in
Europe between 1500 and 1750.

E) Modern science was born out of significant

scientific developments that took place in
Europe between roughly 1500 and 1750.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

50. Kızıl sincaplar, sonbaharda hatırlaması kolay 52. Evlerde kömür kullanımı da azaltılmadıkça,
yerlere gömdükleri yiyecek depolarına Çin’in enerji santrallerinden karbon salınımını
güvendikleri için kış uykusuna yatmazlar. azaltma planları çok etkili olmayabilir.

A) As they rely on the caches of food they buried A) China’s plans to reduce emissions from power
in easy-to-remember sites in autumn, red plants will not be effective as long as the
squirrels do not hibernate. household use of coal is encouraged.

B) Relying on the food they buried in specific B) China’s plans to reduce emissions from power
sites in autumn may cause red squirrels not to plants may not be effective if the use of
hibernate. health-damaging coal is also reduced.

C) Because red squirrels do not hibernate, they C) If household use of coal is also reduced,
usually bury the caches of food in easy-to- China’s plans to reduce emissions from power
remember sites. plants will have significant effects.

D) Red squirrels bury the caches of food in an D) China’s plans to reduce harmful emissions
easy-to-remember site in autumn in order not from power plants will not be very effective if
to hibernate. people keep using coal for heating.

E) Red squirrels cannot hibernate; as a result, E) As long as the household use of coal is not
they have to bury their food in easy-to- also reduced, China’s plans to reduce carbon
remember sites in autumn. emission from power plants may not be very
effective.

53. 2017 yılında yayımlanan bir rapora göre,

Avrupa’daki kirlenmiş toprak miktarının 2025
51. Gerekli türbinlerin kurulum maliyeti, rüzgâr yılına kadar %50 artması beklenmektedir.
gücünün yaygın kullanımının önünde her
A) A report of 2017 suggested that the total
zaman bir engel olmuştur.
amount of polluted soil in Europe is estimated
A) Despite the installation cost of necessary to increase by nearly 50% in 2025.
turbines being inexpensive, wind power has
B) According to a number of reports issued in
never become widespread.
2017, the amount of polluted soil is
B) The installation cost of necessary turbines considered to increase nearly by 50% in
has always been an obstacle to the 2025.
widespread use of wind power.
C) According to a report issued in 2017, the
C) Wind power has always been considered too amount of polluted soil in Europe is expected
expensive due to the installation cost of to increase by 50% by 2025.
necessary turbines.
D) In 2017, certain reports stated that the surface
D) The high installation cost of necessary area of polluted soil in Europe will have
turbines for wind power has hardly stopped us increased by up to 50% by 2025.
from using it widely.
E) A report issued in 2017 stated that the surface
E) The widespread use of wind power has area of polluted soil in Europe will probably
slowed down because of the high installation increase by 50% by 2025.
cost of necessary turbines.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. Concorde, the fastest passenger aircraft of its
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere time, cruised at speeds of over 2,180
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. kilometres per hour – twice the speed of
sound. At half that speed, it would break the
sound barrier, generating an enormous
54. Soyuz is the oldest spacecraft still in double sonic boom that could be heard for
operation. ---- . Since then, this spacecraft has miles. This incredibly loud noise led to a
carried more people to orbit and back than worldwide ban on continental supersonic
any other spacecraft. While not immune to its flights. ---- . To achieve this, it has announced
own set of disasters and setbacks, Soyuz is plans to develop a ‘low boom’ aircraft, which
nevertheless the safest and most cost- generates a soft thump as it breaks the sound
effective spacecraft ever built. As of 2018, it is barrier, rather than a disruptive boom.
the only way to get warm bodies up to the
A) Scientists used to work on a project to stop
International Space Station and back, and is
shockwaves generated by supersonic
used by both the Russians and the
aircrafts
Americans.
B) Shockwaves move away from the aircraft in
A) A parachute failure caused the module to
all directions and travel at the speed of sound
crash
C) In 2016, a group of engineers wanted to start
B) It might be used as an emergency ferry at all
a new spacecraft project, but they could not
times
afford it
C) Some astronauts complain that it has become
D) Now, NASA hopes to bring back supersonic
old-fashioned
passenger air travel by making flights
D) It was built by the Korolyov Design Bureau in greener, safer and quieter
the 1960s
E) These factors contributed to the aircraft’s
E) Americans plan to land on Mars before 2020 unexpected worldwide failure at the beginning
of 2000

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

56. The oyster has a hard outer wall known as a 58. Sound is stored in one of two basic ways,
mantle, which covers and protects certain called formats. The first format stores sound
organs. When an intruder such as a grain of in a form that resembles the original sound
sand enters an oyster’s shell, it irritates the wave and is known as analogue recording. ---- .
oyster. Therefore, the oyster promptly covers The second format is digital recording which
represents a sound wave as a series of
the foreign object with a mineral substance
numbers. Computer drives use the position of
called nacre. The oyster coats it with more
magnetic particles to define these numbers. A
and more nacre until it forms a pearl. ---- number of digital formats exist, and they
.Pearl ‘farmers’ can harvest pearls by determine the quality of the recorded sound,
triggering this response by inserting a grain and the number of channels of sound
of sand into the shell. playback.
A) But oysters can produce pearls in a very short A) The term ‘format’ is also used to describe the
period of time number of channels, or streams of sound
B) This format is called analogue because the
B) For example, producing pearls in this way
form of the sound wave in the recording is
helps them to expand their life spans analogous to the original waveform
C) Recently, biologists have found that oysters C) Two of the most common formats are
produce nacre from their shells monaural, or mono, and stereophonic, or
stereo
D) So, the ecosystem where species like oysters
live is still in danger of being polluted D) When they are played, the sounds from these
two separate channels combine in the air
E) The shiny spheres are thus actually the
E) They were really popular in the 1970s, mainly
product of an immune response because they were easy to access then

57. The field of electric power is concerned with 59. . Scientists have discovered ways in which
the design and operation of systems for these signals can be picked up by sensors
and sent wirelessly to other electrical devices,
generating, transmitting, and distributing
making it possible for a person to move or
electric power. ---- . One of these is the ability
alter objects by thought alone. Most research
to transmit power at extremely high voltages
in this field is directed toward developing
in both the direct current and alternating devices to help people with nervous-system
current modes, reducing power losses. injuries regain the use of paralyzed limbs. The
Another is the real-time digital control of technology has also been picked up by some
power generation, transmission, and computer-game manufacturers, who have
distribution, thereby optimizing the efficiency produced games that can be played using
of the system while it is in operation. thought power.

A) Electronics and electric power have chosen A) As biotechnology advances, it generates

ethical and social issues as well
different paths as they have developed
B) To many scientists, it seems hard to develop
B) Throughout history, man-made objects have systems that are as flexible as the human
played an important part in civilizations brain
C) Engineers working in this field have made C) Software can now compete on even terms
several developments since the 1970s with the best chess players
D) When a person is thinking, the brain produces
D) The principle of electromagnetic induction
electrical signals
was discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831
E) However, computer game manufacturers use
E) Information is now generated, transmitted, these advances
received, and stored electronically

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) Ancient people used various methods to
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü preserve food for a long time. (II) Making
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. cucumber pickles is a long process with two
 stages. (III) First, the salt in the vinegar mix
takes the water out of the cucumbers. (IV)
60. (I) The literal meaning of carnivorous is ‘meat Second, good lactobacilli bacteria already
eating’. (II) When this definition is applied to living on the cucumbers convert sugars into
plants, it evokes visions of snarling green lactic acid, which preserves the produce and
jaws snapping at nearby animal life. (III) adds spiciness. (V) A clean cloth or
Although the vision is vivid, it is not in cheesecloth secured with a rubber band vents
keeping with reality. (IV) Most plants are gases from fermentation and forms a barrier
cunning in their means of entrapping animal to mold and harmful bacteria, and after a
prey and have evolved sophisticated means couple weeks in the jar, the fermented pickles
of digesting it. (V) Common names used for are ready.
plants can be confusing because the same A) I
plant may be called by different names in
different geographic areas. B) II

A) I C) III

B) II D) IV

C) III E) V

D) IV

E) V

61. (I) One of the most important types of 63. (I) Most graphics systems provide a keyboard
acceleration is the acceleration caused by and at least one other input device. (II) The
gravity. (II) The history of the universe is most common input devices are the mouse,
essentially a story about the interplay the joystick, and the data tablet. (III) Each
between matter and energy. (III) Interactions provides positional information to the system,
between these two began in the Big Bang (IV) and each usually is equipped with one or
They still exist today in everything from the more buttons to provide signals to the
microscopic moving of atoms to huge processor. (IV) They are often called pointing
collisions of galaxies. (V) Understanding the devices and they allow a user to indicate a
universe, therefore, depends on becoming particular location on the display. (V) They
familiar with how matter responds to the flow need to create new games for game fans
of energy. regularly.

A) I A) I

B) II B) II

C) III C) III

D) IV D) IV

E) V E) V

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

64. (I) The most basic motions of Earth are its 65. (I) Most meditation is done sitting down in
daily rotation and its yearly orbit around the special postures, such as the full or half lotus
Sun. (II) Our entire solar system is actually on in which both feet, or just one foot, rests on
a very long journey within the Milky Way the opposite thigh. (II) However, many people
Galaxy. (III) It rotates once each day around meditate in simpler positions, using firm
its axis, which is the imaginary line cushions, or sitting on a low bench with their
connecting the North Pole to the South Pole. feet tucked underneath. (III) In meditation
(IV) As viewed from above the North Pole, the there are always two dangers; either
movement is counter clockwise. (V) Although becoming drowsy and falling asleep, or
we do not feel any obvious effects from becoming agitated by distracting thoughts or
Earth’s rotation, the speed of it is substantial. discomfort. (IV) There is nothing magical
about these positions. (V) They all have the
A) I
same aim; to provide a posture that is both
B) II relaxed and alert.
C) III A) I
D) IV B) II

E) V C) III

D) IV

E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. According to the text, some people were
cevaplayınız. against the installation of a barrier since ---- .

A) the project required structural change in the

bridge and brought additional cost
Since its construction, at least 1300 people have
killed themselves by jumping off the Golden Gate B) suicide from the bridge was neither possible
Bridge in San Francisco. In 1940, the Board of nor probable as the bridge was difficult to
Directors discussed an “anti-suicide screen” but climb
decided against it. In 2008, they voted 14 to 1 to
C) it would prevent the public from noticing
install a stainless steel net but this time serious
people who were about to commit suicide
public disagreement led to a cancellation in
construction. While the proponents of the project D) people who were stopped when they were
tended to disregard aesthetic considerations, those about to end their lives would usually seek
against the barrier believed the bridge had always psychological help
been praised for its transparency and any barrier E) they believed people had free will and one
design would destroy the view. In addition, should not interfere with people’s decisions to
opponents claimed a suicide barrier would not be end their own lives
effective, since people who wanted to kill themselves
would simply go somewhere else. However, those
favouring the project claimed most suicidal people
act on an impulse and, when prevented from actually
killing themselves, often seek help instead of ending
their lives. When it came to financial concerns, the
barrier did not seem worth the costs to the
opponents, whereas the proponents reacted by
saying the value of a human life cannot be
expressed in monetary terms.

66. It is clear from the text that ----- .

A) state authorities agreed to install anti-suicide

netting but they could not afford it 68. The text is mainly about ----- .

B) there has been no agreement on the best way A) contradictory viewpoints regarding the Golden
to address suicide attempts at the Golden Gate Bridge suicide barrier
Gate Bridge B) an inquiry into the pros and cons of the
C) the bridge is under construction now despite construction of the Golden Gate Bridge
some opponents C) cost-benefit and risk analysis prior to the
D) a great number of people had been prevented construction of a bridge in San Francisco
from committing suicide by 2008 D) the cost of redesigning bridges for public use
E) the authorities inspected some other bridges in the city of San Francisco
with similar designs before reaching a verdict E) social and ethical issues that arose during
construction of the Golden Gate Bridge

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. It is stated in the text that the reason for the
cevaplayınız. change in the salt content of seas is that ---- .

A) more fresh water will flow into the seas due to

melting polar ice
An increase in temperature of a few degrees might
not sound so bad, but small changes in average B) the water in seas will evaporate, causing
temperature can lead to much more dramatic storms and hurricanes
changes in climate patterns. These changes will C) some regions like the Caribbean are likely to
cause some regions to warm much more than the get much more rain
average, while other regions may cool. Polar regions
will warm the most, causing polar ice to melt. This is D) endangered species in polar regions will
clearly threatening to the species of these regions, become extinct
but it also warms the oceans everywhere and E) climate patterns across the world may cause
changes their salt content as melting ice pours fresh certain regions to get cooler
water into the sea. The fact that the waters of the
Gulf of Mexico are at their warmest level in at least a
century may be contributing to the greater strength of
hurricanes that have recently blown out of the
Caribbean. More generally, overall warming of the
atmosphere will increase evaporation from the
oceans, leading to numerous and intense storms;
ironically, this means that global warming could
mean more severe winter blizzards.

69. It is clear from the text that ----- . 71. The text is mainly about ----.
A) because of the change in temperature, most A) to what extent increases in temperature are
areas will become desert-like affecting marine life

B) low temperature is a sign of disasters such as B) how the Gulf of Mexico is affected by an
hurricanes increase in temperature

C) some areas are warmer because of the C) climate change and its influence on animals in
increase in the salt level in seas polar regions

D) even the slightest changes in temperature can D) how we can help protect the environment
affect climate patterns
E) the consequences of changes in
E) a few degrees’ increase in temperature is temperatures across the world
better than a decrease

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. We understand from the text that ----.
cevaplayınız. A) the terminology used for self-driving cars is
widely agreed upon

Driving is a much more complex activity than most B) few people think driving is an easy task to
people think. It involves a wide range of skills and execute
actions. Some of them are easier to automate than
C) there is still a long way to go before we can
others. Maintaining speed on an open road is simple,
switch to fully automated cars
which is why standard cruise control systems have
been doing it automatically for a long time. Besides D) the production of smart cars will have to end
lane-keeping systems, adaptive cruise control before long
systems that keep proper speed and spacing behind E) the safety of modern car systems is still under
other vehicles are also widely available. However, it debate
will be an enormous jump from such systems to fully
automated driving, which is still something we can
only have in science-fiction films. The automotive
industry and the media have made a mess of the
terminology used to talk about automated driverless
systems. The terms ‘autonomous’, ‘driverless’ and
‘self-driving’ confuse more than they enlighten. To
clear things up, scientists have defined different
levels of automation. They arranged them on a
ladder of decreasing dependence on the driver.

72. According to the text, the technical terms

used by automotive manufacturers and the 74. It is clear from the text that ---- .
press ---- . A) cruise control systems have been used for
A) set an important safety target for automated many years
driving systems B) steering control will depend more on drivers
B) cause confusion among the public about soon
automated driverless systems C) steering control must be affordable for the
C) sound futuristic, like having your own personal general public
electronic chauffeur D) lane-keeping systems will disappear in the
D) will bring automated valet-parking systems in future
the near future E) governments encourage fully automated
E) are only related to autopilot in specific driving projects
scenarios, such as freeway traffic jams

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 76. According to the text, one of the reasons we
cevaplayınız. know the troposphere well is that it ----- .

A) contains the most vital ozone type

The ozone layer protects life on Earth, and without B) protects life on Earth better than the other
ozone, the world as we know it would not exist. layers
Ozone is a key element of the atmosphere, the C) extends about 50 km up from Earth’s surface
blanket of gases surrounding our planet that is made
up of discernable layers, which differ in temperature, D) is much thicker than the other layers
density, and gas composition. The lowest level, the E) contains the air we inhale and exhale
troposphere, extends about 11 km up from Earth’s
surface. This level is familiar to us: it is the air we
breathe and where our weather occurs. The next
level in the atmospheric blanket, the stratosphere,
rises to 50 km above Earth’s surface. The
stratosphere is much less dense than the
troposphere but contains a ‘layer’ of ozone –
abbreviated as O3 because it contains three oxygen
atoms – a region where most of the atmosphere’s
ozone is found.

75. It is clear from the text that ----- .

77. We can infer from the text that ---- .
A) the stratosphere has the least ozone
compared to the other layers A) the ozone layer is a single body with no
discernible layers
B) the stratosphere is much closer to the Earth
B) the ozone layer makes the world habitable for
than the troposphere
every living species
C) the gases surrounding the Earth vary in
C) weather phenomena occur in the highest level
density and content
of the atmosphere
D) the layers that make up the ozone layer have
D) the density of the ozone layer changes
not been fully observed
seasonally
E) all the layers in the atmosphere have almost
E) there are two atmospheric layers between the
the same features
Earth and the troposphere

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. According to the text, ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) the form and content of our dreams are
inseparable

Dreams have long been regarded as prophetic B) science can help prove the prophetic quality
communications which enable us to foretell the of dreaming
future. There is absolutely no scientific evidence for
C) our daily routine has no significant effect on
this theory and considerable scientific evidence
the content of dreams
against it. It is certainly true that individuals who are
concerned about a traumatic event, such as the D) concerns about traumatic events may
threat of the loss of a loved one who is sick, will determine the content of our dreams
dream about that loved one more often. We know E) modern science has never been interested in
from our experiments that it is possible to influence content of dreams
dream content simply by having a subject in mind
while going to sleep. Therefore, dreaming about a
loved one at a time when that loved one’s life is
threatened is not surprising. If the dreamer then calls
and finds that the individual has died, it is
understandable for him or her to assume that the
dream was an early warning of that death. But this is
a mistake. It is simply a coincidental correspondence
between a situation about which one has legitimate
and intense concern and the occurrence of the event
that one fears.

80. From the text, we can clearly understand

that ---- .

A) most of our dreams tell us that we will lose

78. The text is mainly about ---- . one of our loved ones soon
A) the significance of dreams in ancient cultures B) people who have never had sleep problems
B) why people frequently dream of their loved can have lucid dreams
ones C) some incidents may make people think
C) the association between dreams and reality dreams are indicators of a future event

D) how we can control our dreams to know about D) most people can remember their dreams quite
the future easily

E) a proven theory about dreaming and its E) there is a certain relation between mental
effects health and dreaming

ʹʹ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL YAZ 2018 FEN SORULARI 

A GRUBU CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

C D B A E B D C A E B C E D D C C A B D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

B E A E B D A C C A E A D B C D D B B D

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

C A E B A E E D E A B E C D D E C B D E

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

A A E B C B A A D A E B C A C E B C D C

ʹ͵
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR
2018
SOSYAL SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4. The Geographic Information System was
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi introduced for the first time in 1964 to help
bulunuz. scientists conduct research much more ----
 and accurately.

A) formerly
1. The African National Congress was
established by the representatives of African B) rapidly
people in 1922 to defend their freedom ---- C) kindly
their rights.
D) rarely
A) in order to
E) recently
B) in case of

C) as long as

D) in contrast to

E) as well as

5. The agreement, which has been issued ----- the

World Trade Organization, advises its
members -----support sustainable
development in international trade.
2. Aristotle’s father died when he was still
young, and he was ----- by his uncle, Proxenus. A) at / from

A) taken off B) with / out

B) filled in C) in / by

C) brought up D) by / to

D) came down E) for / at

E) closed off

3. Although a blog or a personal online diary

seems like an intimate journal, it actually 6. In November 1939, the Soviet troops ----
occupies a ----- writing space rather than a Finland after the Finns ---- to surrender a key
private one. territory to Joseph Stalin.
A) public A) invaded / refused
B) challenging B) invade / are refusing
C) gentle C) had to invade / refuse
D) crucial D) were invading / have refused
E) rare E) would invade / were refusing

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

7. The best way to explore a new place is to 11. Ferdinand, Prince of Brunswick, who ----- as an
travel on foot----- you are under pressure for officer in the Prussian Army in 1740, ----- a
time. friend of Frederick the Great.
A) so A) has been appointed / will become
B) unless B) could be appointed / might become
C) such C) was appointed / became
D) now that D) is appointed / has become
E) besides E) will be appointed / was becoming

8. Malaria killed ----- many early European people

in West Africa----- Europeans nicknamed this
territory the ‘‘white person’s grave.’’
A) such / as
B) too / to 12. In the past, travelling----- about getting to the
destination in the shortest amount of time;
C) so / that
but these days, travellers----- relaxing and
D) a lot / than pleasurable journeys.
E) most / of A) could be / were seeking

B) is / seek
9.Greenland is generally not considered C) had been / had sought
much of a tourist destination, it offers some
spectacular sights like its colossal ice sheet, D) used to be / are seeking
a lively seascape, and precious wildlife. E) might be / sought
A) Thanks to
B) As long as
C) In case
D) Just as
E) Even though
13. Research shows that women and men look at
faces and absorb visual information in
10. Over the last 60 years, Britain has different ways; ---- , it is thought that there is a
experienced some significant political----- , gender difference in the understanding of
but one state figure has remained the same: visual cues.
the Queen. A) due to
A) possessions B) therefore
B) abilities
C) on the contrary
C) acceptances
D) nevertheless
D) transformations
E) however
E) industries

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

14 ----- the difficulty of finding scientific evidence 18. Digital photography, a radical break with the
related to its origin, studies have provided past, has changed ---- the means to take
valuable insights into the nature and photographs -----the way they are stored.
development of language.
A) rather / than
A) As well as
B) both / and
B) In addition
C) as / as
C) Due to
D) so / that
D) However
E) neither / or
E) In spite of

15. English is a language that has ----- across the

globe and is now spoken all over the world.

A) spread

B) prevented
19. Before banknotes and coins ---- , people used
C) dedicated
a variety of other objects for trading goods.
D) thrown
A) introduced
E) created
B) are introduced

C) be introduced
16 ----- happened to mammoths remained a
D) were introducing
mystery until the anthropologist Russell
Graham discovered that they simply ran out E) were introduced
of water 5,600 years ago.

A) Where

B) How

C) Which

D) What

E) When

20. Since Iron Man, a ground-breaking movie ----

17. It is almost impossible to find a single policy in 2008, Marvel and its parent company,
approved by everyone ----- people are very Disney, ----- about two superhero films a year,
different from one another. grossing upwards of $8.3 billion globally.

A) until A) was premiering / are producing

B) whereas B) has premiered / used to produce

C) because C) will premiere / had produced

D) so that D) premiered / have produced

E) while E) has been premiering / produce

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) such as
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
 B) since

C) as
In the late 4th millennium B.C. the valley and delta of
the River Nile (21) into the twin kingdoms of Upper D) though
and Lower Egypt. (22) the next 3,000 years, Egypt E) so
was ruled by thirty-two dynasties of kings. One title
for an Egyptian king was Pharaoh (meaning ‘Great
House’), and so this great span of time is often
known (23) the Pharaonic Period. For much of the
3rd and 2nd millennia B.C., Egypt was the (24) and
the most powerful nation in the Ancient Near East.
Even after Egypt lost its political (25) in the late 1st
millennium B.C., its culture and religion survived to
influence those of Greece and Rome.

24.

A) wealthier

B) wealthier than
21. C) as wealthy as
A) were formed D) wealthy
B) are being formed E) wealthiest
C) have formed

D) form

E) forming

22. 25.
A) Between A) power
B) Over B) weakness
C) Off C) mobility
D) With D) knowledge
E) Since E) destruction

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) in other words
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) even though

C) for instance
The idea of human rights has grown (26) in influence
since the United Nations endorsed the Universal D) otherwise
Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. However, the E) however
concept itself can be traced back much further, to the
idea of natural rights (27) played a central role in the
earlier stages of liberal political philosophy. John
Locke, (28), claimed that all men had natural rights to
life, liberty, and property. The Universal Declaration’s
list of rights is (29) more extensive. Besides rights
that directly protect liberty, it also includes others (30)
effect is to provide people with access to material
benefits, such as the right to work, the right to an
adequate standard of living, and the right to
education.
29.

A) none

B) few

C) many
26.
D) any
A) mutually
E) much
B) steadily

C) severely

D) decreasingly

E) adversely

30.
27.
A) when
A) in which
B) where
B) what
C) what
C) who
D) whose
D) that
E) how
E) whether

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 33. When the British colonization of Australia
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. began in 1788, ---- .

A) it is widely known that many aboriginal

traditions are associated with spiritual
31. Many analyses of advertising try to make a
awakening
distinction between informative and
persuasive advertising, ---- . B) there were two hundred or more Aboriginal
language communities within the continent
A) since they find the distinction quite
unnecessary when applied to other fields C) there is still limited information about the
lifestyles of aboriginal communities in
B) unless they consent to establishing a new
Australia
order in this field of study
D) many anthropological studies have been
C) but in reality the line between the two is often
conducted in areas remote from European
too difficult to draw
settlement
D) because such divisions or categories have not
E) there is an existent relationship between
existed in cartoons
European expansionism and slave trade
E) these people, therefore, are generally biased
against any types of advertising

34. Online multiplayer games are often

32. If two groups of people speaking different
associated with anti-social behaviour ---- .
languages have been in contact for a long
time, ---- . A) due to the fact that gamers develop a false
sense of identity in that virtual community
A) it is a well-known fact that newborns learn
how to speak by imitating their parents B) since studies have found that we are good at
distinguishing between real and virtual
B) how certain species of animals communicate
violence
still remains a mystery
C) despite evidence suggesting that face-to-face
C) the speakers of Japanese would get better at
interactions are more rewarding than playing
learning new vocabulary
computer games
D) there are new linguistics theories about the
D) although numerous studies about the effects
languages spoken by minorities
of games on the brain had been published
E) their languages are likely to show certain
E) whereas there is some concern that video
similarities
games make young people more violent

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

35. Unlike the Greek empires which it gradually
replaced, ---- . 37. When art is produced using craft methods or
manual skills, ---- .
A) the succeeding empires also used the same
military strategies, which they perfected in A) art was not generally a good investment,
time certainly not over the long term

B) the Roman empire imitated many institutions B) the great majority of them tend to produce tiny
of the Greek empires, from education to law editions for very high prices

C) the Romans adopted many aspects and C) the quantity of any artist’s work is restricted,
characteristics of Greek theatre and priced accordingly

D) the political system of the empire was mainly D) there were artists who believed that
based on Greek institutions technology should be an essential part of art

E) the Roman Empire depended on non-native E) photographs, CDs or videos are distributed
administrators from diverse cultural around the world in large numbers
backgrounds

38. In most circumstances, the production of a

musical is very difficult, ---- .

A) since Mozart tailored his work exactly to the

cast available for the Prague premiere in 1787
36. In July 1553, Mary Tudor came to the throne
of England ---- . B) since the greatest pains must be taken in
casting singers of the right vocal weight and
A) although Mary had received the support of her
temperament
cousin
C) but the recording taken from the opening night
B) because such stereotypes existed in many
of the 1950 Salzburg Festival was marked as
countries in the world
a failure
C) because Mary’s crown was left to her sister,
D) as long as such an orchestra performs
Elizabeth
ambient music and meets audience
D) however, England had not come under the expectations
control of a foreign prince
E) though it seems hard to categorize it into
E) despite her brother’s efforts to replace her various subclasses in accordance with its
with Lady Jane Grey official description in books

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

39 ----- , technically it is not the date on which the 41. Of the seven operas that Monteverd
colonies voted to become a new nation. composed, ---- .

A) Though Americans have long celebrated A) opera had already become firmly established
Independence Day on July 4 as an art form thanks to him

B) While the Second World War was still raging B) his unique style somehow went unnoticed in
and many people were dying his lifetime

C) When the agreement between the two parties C) it was produced and performed in Venice in
was signed the early 1640s

D) As long as Third World countries’ debt D) only three have survived, including Orfeo, first
continues to increase at this rate performed in 1607

E) Because it was just one of the turning points E) it was only considered to be an entertainment
in the history of the nation for the royal family

40. Because traditional societies expect females

to spend more time with their families than
males do, ---- .

A) female employees might face certain

difficulties in the workplace

B) many male workers have complained about

the lack of well-paid jobs

C) the percentage of women in the workforce

has increased substantially

D) people working in the same work place are

called colleagues

E) it is expected to be established in the near

future

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 44. The rich culture, romantic mythology and
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. sophisticated political system of ancient
Rome still intrigue and inspire people today.

A) Zengin kültürü, romantik mitolojisi ve oldukça

42. Archaeology is usually thought to be gelişmiş politik sistemi sayesinde Eski Roma
synonymous with digging, but some
bugün bile bizi şaşırtmakta ve ilgimizi
archaeologists never excavate or very few
çekmektedir.
spend most of their time on it.
B) Zengin kültürü, mitolojisi ve gelişmiş politik
A) Arkeoloji ve kazı kelimelerinin eşanlamlı
olduğu düşünülür, ancak arkeologların anlayışına rağmen, Eski Roma bugün hâlâ
birçoğu kazılara katılmazken, bazıları da buna insanlardan hak ettiği ilgiyi görememektedir.
çok az vakit ayırır. C) Eski Roma’nın kültürü, romantik mitolojisi ve
B) Arkeoloji ve kazı yapmak çoğu zaman bir zengin politik sistemi bugün bile insanlara
tutulsa da bazı arkeologlar bu işi çok ilginç gelmeye ve ilham vermeye devam
önemsemez ya da bu işe pek zaman ayırmaz. etmektedir.
C) Arkeolojinin genellikle kazı yapmakla eş D) Eski Roma, zengin kültürü, romantik mitolojisi
anlamlı olduğu düşünülür, ancak bazı ve gelişmiş politik sistemiyle bugün hâlâ
arkeologlar hiç kazı yapmazlar ya da çok azı birçok insanda merak uyandırmakta ve onları
zamanının çoğunu kazı yaparak geçirir. etkilemektedir.
D) Kazı yapmak genellikle arkeolojinin zıt anlamlı E) Eski Roma’nın zengin kültürü, romantik
olarak görülür, çünkü bazı arkeologlar
mitolojisi ve gelişmiş politik sistemi bugün
neredeyse hiç kazı yapmaz ya da buna çok
hâlâ insanların merakını uyandırmakta ve
zaman ayırmaz.
onlara ilham vermektedir.
E) Arkeoloji ve kazı yapmak genellikle bir tutulur,
ancak çoğu arkeolog hiç kazı yapmazken çok
azı bu konuya yeterince zaman ayırır. 45. Descartes and many of his contemporaries
wanted Medieval views to move aside and
make room for a modern conception of
43. Finding traces of our Palaeolithic ancestors is
science.
extremely difficult, since they had very little
impact upon their surroundings. A) Descartes ve birçok çağdaşı Ortaçağa ait
görüşlerin bir kenara çekilip modern bir bilim
A) Paleolitik atalarımızın izlerini bulmanın
zorluğu kendi çevrelerinde hiç iz bırakmamış anlayışına yer açmasını istemişlerdir.
olmalarından kaynaklanır. B) Descartes ve birçok çağdaşı Ortaçağa ait tüm
B) Paleolitik atalarımızın izlerini bulmak oldukça inanışları ortadan kaldırarak modern bir bilim
zordur, çünkü kendi çevreleri üzerinde çok az anlayışına yer açmayı amaçlamışlardır.
etki bırakmışlardır.
C) Descartes ve çağdaşlarının Ortaçağa ait
C) Paleolitik atalarımızın kendi çevrelerine görüşleri çürüterek modern bir bilim anlayışı
etkilerinin yetersiz olduğu düşünüldüğünde oluşturmayı istedikleri düşünülür.
izlerini bulmak da zorlaşır.
D) Descartes da çağdaşlarının birçoğu gibi
D) Paleolitik atalarımız çevreleri üzerinde daha ortaçağa ait görüşleri eleştirerek modern bir
fazla etkiye sahip olsaydı, izlerini bulmak bu bilim anlayışına yer açılmasının gerekliliğini
kadar zor olmayacaktı. savundu.
E) Çevrelerinde çok az etki bıraktıkları için
E) Descartes ve birçok çağdaşı Ortaçağa ait
Paleolitik atalarımızın izini sürmek her zaman
görüşleri temelden sarsacak modern bir bilim
son derece zor olmuştur.
anlayışını ortaya koydular.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

46. When designing a workplace, it is important 47. Attempts to change others’ opinions are older
to take into consideration how the space will than recorded history and it is thought to
affect both the employees and clients. have originated with the development of
speech.
A) Bir işyeri tasarlarken, mekânın çalışanları ve
müşterileri nasıl etkileyeceğini göz önünde A) Başkalarının görüşlerini değiştirme girişimleri
bulundurmak önemlidir. konuşmanın gelişmesiyle ortaya çıkmıştır ve
yazılı tarihten bile daha eskidir.
B) Bir işyeri tasarlarken düşünülmesi gereken en
önemli unsurlardan birisi de mekânın B) Başkalarının görüşlerini değiştirme çabaları
çalışanlar ve müşteriler üzerinde yaratacağı konuşmayla ortaya çıkmıştır ama bu durumun
etkidir. yazılı tarih kadar eski olduğu düşünülür.

C) Mekânın müşteriler üzerinde ne tür etkiler C) Konuşmanın gelişimiyle ortaya çıkan

yaratacağı, bir işyeri tasarlarken düşünülmesi başkalarının görüşlerini değiştirme
gereken bir unsurdur. çabalarının, yazılı tarih kadar eski olduğu
iddia edilmektedir.
D) Bir işyeri tasarlarken önemli konuların
başında mekânın, çalışanlar ve müşteriler D) Başkalarının görüşlerini değiştirme girişimleri
üzerinde yaratacağı etki gelmelidir. yazılı tarihten daha eskidir ve bunun,
konuşmanın gelişmesiyle ortaya çıktığı
E) Yeni bir işyeri tasarlarken, hesaba katılması
düşünülür.
gereken unsurlardan biri de mekânın
çalışanları ve müşterileri nasıl etkileyeceğidir. E) Yazılı tarih kadar eski olan konuşmanın,
başkalarının görüşlerini değiştirme
girişimleriyle ortaya çıktığına inanılır.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 50. Çocuğunuzun bir yabancı dilde akıcı olmasını
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. veya bir konser piyanisti olarak yetişmesini
istiyorsanız, yapmanız gereken, onun ilgili
eğitime mümkün olduğu kadar erken
48. Tüketim kültürüne artan bağlılık sadece başlamasını sağlamaktır.
iktisadi refahın değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal A) As you want your child to be fluent in a foreign
değerlerdeki önemli değişimlerin de bir language, or grow up to be a concert pianist,
işaretidir. the advice is to force him/her to start training
A) Significant changes in economic prosperity at an early age.
and social values are a sign of growing B) If you wish your child to become fluent in a
commitment to consumer culture. foreign language, or grow up to be a concert
B) Growing commitment to consumer culture pianist, what you have to do is to make sure
brought with it some significant changes in he/she starts related training as early as
economic prosperity and social values. possible.

C) Growing commitment to consumer culture led C) If you hope that your child will become fluent
to significant changes not only in economic in a foreign language, or become a pianist,
prosperity but also in social values. then you should encourage him/her to start
these activities at an early age.
D) With the growing commitment to consumer
culture, there occurred significant changes in D) If you would like to see your child become
economic prosperity as well as in social fluent in a foreign language and a concert
values. pianist, all you have to do is to make him/her
start as soon as possible.
E) Growing commitment to consumer culture is
not only a sign of economic prosperity but E) Whether you want your child to master a
also significant changes in social values. foreign language, or grow up to be a concert
pianist, the suggestion will be that he/she
should start training as soon as possible.
49. Edebiyat, diller ve toplumlar arasındaki
farklılık ve benzerlikleri incelemek ve anlamak
için bir araçtır.

A) Literature is a means to examine and

understand the differences and similarities
among languages and societies.

B) Literature is a good way of understanding the

differences and similarities between
languages and societies.

C) There are various means to understand the

differences and similarities among languages
and societies, and literature is one of them.

D) Literature examines the differences and

similarities of languages and societies in order
to understand them.

E) Examining and understanding the differences

and similarities among languages is the
primary function of literature.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

51. Birleşmiş Milletler’in amaçlarından biri, insan 53. Belli bir yoğunluktaki düzenli egzersiz,
haklarının önemini ve uluslararası hukuka sağladığı faydalar sayesinde yaş ve
duyulan saygıyı vurgulamaktır. cinsiyetten bağımsız olarak depresyona karşı
korunmamıza yardımcı olur.
A) The United Nations highlights the importance
of human rights in order to increase respect A) One way to protect against depression is to
for international law. take up regular exercise of any intensity as it
provides benefits regardless of age and
B) One of the objectives of the United Nations is
gender.
to highlight the importance of human rights as
well as international law. B) Regular exercise of certain intensity helps us
protect against depression thanks to benefits
C) The United Nations aims to highlight the
it provides regardless of age and gender.
importance of human rights and promote
respect for international law. C) Regular exercise of any intensity does not
only provide benefits regardless of age and
D) One of the objectives of the United Nations is
gender, but also helps protect against
to highlight the importance of human rights
depression.
and respect for international law
D) With great benefits it provides regardless of
E) The main aim of the United Nations is to
age and gender, regular but intensive
highlight the importance of human rights and
exercise can help people protect against
respect for international law.
depression.

E) To protect against depression, one should

take up regular exercise of any intensity and
enjoy benefits it provides regardless of age
52. Yirmi birinci yüzyılda dünya, yazılı bilgiye
and gender.
boğulmuş ve baş döndürücü bir hızda bilgi
teknolojileri tarafından tamamen kuşatılmıştır.

A) In the twenty-first century, the world is

completely surrounded and shaped by written
information as well as information
technologies with astonishing speed.

B) The world of the twenty-first century has

started to be surrounded by written
information and information technologies with
astonishing speed.

C) In the twenty-first century, the world has been

saturated with written information and totally
surrounded by information technologies with
astonishing speed.

D) The world in the twenty-first century is not

only shaped by written information but also
surrounded by information technologies with
astonishing speed.

E) It is in the twenty-first century that the world is

filled with written information and enclosed by
information technologies with certain speed.

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. Although there is no universally accepted
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere form of feminism that represents all of its
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. advocates, its representatives share certain
characteristics. To begin with, feminists
question basic assumptions about gender
54. Angola is one of Africa’s major oil producers. and sexuality, including the understanding of
The oil industry is the most important sector what it means to be a woman. ---- . Last but
of the economy and it accounts for the not least, they address the issue of
majority of the country’s exports. Angola also oppression by men as an issue of power,
has minerals: diamonds, iron, uranium, dominion, and hierarchy. They believe this
phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, and gold. ---- . oppression exists in relation to the identity of
The causes of poverty lie in the history of this women and the challenges they have to face
country, which has suffered a twenty-seven- in local and global contexts.
year civil war that was caused not only by A) Since the late 1970’s, feminist cultural studies
ethnic factors but also by disputes over established gender as an important criteria of
natural resources. analysis within broader cultural studies
A) The products derived from this sector are B) Secondly, feminist scholars and activists seek
bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, clarity about feminine consciousness, the
cotton, and tobacco identity of women, their values and ambitions
B) During the mid-1960s there were guerrilla C) Then, not all people were comfortable with the
actions which ended with the negotiation for Second Wave Feminism’s new issues and
independence styles of protest
C) But Angola is classified as one of the world’s D) Many women in the industrialized world
poorest countries despite its abundant natural demanded new rights, and liberation from
resources stereotypical female roles
D) Bantu and other African languages were E) By the mid-twentieth century the feminist
spoken by a high percentage of the movement had brought about positive
population transformation and advances for women
E) The topography varies from arid coastal areas
and dry savannas in the interior south to rain
forests in the north

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

56. Between 1950 and 2000, the world population 57. The Renaissance is usually associated with
increased from about 2.5 billion to over 6 the Italian city states. However, Italy’s
billion people. Throughout this era, food undoubted importance has too often
shortages and malnutrition persisted in parts overshadowed the development of new ideas
of eastern and southern Asia, Central and in many other regions. In offering a more
South America, and throughout sub-Saharan global perspective on the nature of the
Africa. Famines were caused by human Renaissance, it would be more accurate to
factors such as war, civil strife, and failed refer to a series of ‘Renaissances’. ---- . They
economic and political policies, while often overlapped and exchanged influences
sometimes being exacerbated by natural with the more classical and traditionally
disasters such as drought. ---- . Hundreds of understood Renaissance centred on Italy.
thousands of others left their homes, walking
A) The term Renaissance comes from the
long distances to neighbouring countries in
French word for ‘rebirth’
search of food. These refugees then became
dependent on subsistence aid from B) The Renaissance began as early as the
governments or relief agencies. thirteenth century with the art of Giotto

A) In the early twenty-first century, a peanut- C) Contributions to the Renaissance emerged

based paste offered high nutritional value at from Europe, particularly from Italy and
very low cost France

B) Technological and political developments led D) Each of them had different characteristics and
to the increase in food production and influence
distribution in many regions
E) The Renaissance is seen as an international
C) The change in developed countries’ phenomenon today
agricultural policies in the 1980s increased
agricultural production by 50 percent

D) In the 1970s an almost decade-long drought

in the Sahel region of Africa south of the
Sahara contributed to the death of millions

E) Improved transportation and communication

systems allowed food to be distributed in poor
regions

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

58. The term ‘archaeology’ comes from the Greek 59. Global urbanisation is one of the biggest
word arkhaiologia, which means “discourse social transformations in human history. With
about ancient things”. Yet, it has come to more than half of the world’s population
mean the study of the human past through already living in cities, and 90 percent of
surviving material traces. The term ‘human’ population growth by 2050 projected to be
past needs stressing, because archaeologists added to them, cities are at the forefront of
do not – contrary to what many of us believe – the battle for sustainability. They pose major
study dinosaurs, or rocks. ---- . challenges for city planners and
Archaeologists cannot possibly study policymakers, such as land use, resource
dinosaurs, because they had been extinct for demand, and air and water pollution. This
tens of millions of years by the time the first being so, however, it is expected that more
humans evolved. urban areas will be built in the next 30 years
than ever before. ---- . If cities continue to
A) Dinosaur bones should be studied by
expand at this rate, the projected urbanisation
archaeologists and palaeontologists together
alone will exceed the limit set by the 2015
B) Similarly, a geologist studies the physical Paris climate agreement.
structure and substance of the earth
A) Cities already account for about 75 percent of
C) Palaeontologists know precisely why and how global energy use and contribute an
dinosaurs became extinct equivalent share of greenhouse gas
emissions
D) That is to say, archaeology and geology have
certain theoretical similarities B) Only a much closer collaboration between
scientists and urban policymakers can lead to
E) Those are the realm of palaeontologists and
a more efficient transportation system
geologists, not of archaeologists
C) Cities are complex, adaptive and evolving
systems that interact and influence each other
in complex ways

D) Even though Australia is already a highly

urbanised country, it is still experiencing rapid
urban expansion

E) As a result, there has been an increase in the

rate of agricultural production

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) Reading, unlike speaking and
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü understanding, must be deliberately taught.
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. (II) Three methods of teaching reading have
been used in the United States: whole-word,
whole-language, and phonics. (III) In the
60. (I) The connection between philosophy and whole-word and whole-language approaches,
literature is acknowledged by many recent children are taught to recognize entire words
scholars. (II) Most ancient philosophers see without regard to individual letters and
their task as being, in general, that of sounds. (IV) The phonics approach
understanding the world, a task which emphasizes the spelling-sound
includes understanding ourselves. (III) In this correspondences of the language, and thus
respect, Aristotle has indicated that all draws on the child’s innate phonological
humans by nature desire ‘to understand’. (IV) knowledge. (V) However, students of all ages
What is meant is not a piling-up of known must learn content material such as maths
facts, but rather the achievement of and science.
understanding. (V) This is something that we
A) I
do when we master a field or body of
knowledge and explain systematically why B) II
things are the way they are.
C) III
A) I
D) IV
B) II
E) V
C) III
D) IV
63. (I) As mass culture became steadily more
E) V spectacular and immersive – with larger high-
definition TV sets and vast cinema screens,
with the enclosed and carefully calculated
61. (I) The founding of cities depends on several spectacle of the shopping centre or theme
factors but none is more important than an park – art had to compete. (II) Art could do so
abundant supply of food and water. (II) For by feeding off the allure of mass culture while
this reason, in the ancient world it was adding its own aesthetic and estranged edge.
common for cities to be located near rivers (III) It could reverse the norms of mass
and coasts like the cities of the Tigris and
culture, providing impressive, non-functional
Euphrates rivers in Mesopotamia. (III) Many
objects and environments that, unlike those
cities in Europe were destroyed during World
of the mall or resort, were not geared to
War II and had to be rebuilt. (IV) Other factors
selling. (IV) Both of whom have recently had
can also explain the location of a city, such as
shows in New York’s most important art
its geographical position. (V) For example,
museums. (V) Lastly, art could compete with
Constantinople became a thriving city without
mass culture by making representations of a
either good local farmland or freshwater
because of its strategic location. scale, richness of colour, and definition
unknown in the mass media.
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

64. (I) Hypnosis is frequently used to attempt to 65. (I) Built in 1961, the Berlin Wall quickly
change unwanted behaviours such as became the most vivid symbol of the Cold
smoking or overeating. (II) Although the War. (II) The agreement in question came to
effectiveness of hypnosis in these areas is an end with the breakup of the Soviet Union.
controversial, some successes have been (III) The 28 miles of wall with barbed wire and
reported. (III) Montgomery and Sapirstein, for minefields separated the Soviet-controlled
example, have found that adding hypnosis to East Berlin from the U.S. supported West
other forms of therapy increased the Berlin. (IV) Passage across the border
effectiveness of the treatment. (IV) In addition between East and West Berlin was heavily
to helping to change certain behaviours, restricted. (V) Families were divided after its
hypnosis has also been found to be effective establishment, and some East Berliners were
in improving the condition of patients no longer able to commute to work.
experiencing anxiety disorders. (V) Therefore,
A) I
the amount of new information recalled by
witnesses at court turns out to be a mixture of B) II
accurate and inaccurate information.
C) III
A) I
D) IV
B) II
E) V
C) III

D) IV

E) V

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. We understand from the text that the symbol
cevaplayınız. of Europa on European coins ---- .

A) was not approved by European people for a

long time
Images on coins are not chosen randomly. They
function as emblems of the country that mints them. B) promotes faith in continuity and unification at
The Greek word “Europe” is the name of a mythical a time of significant change
figure, and also defines the geographical and political
C) was used simply for decorative purposes
entity Europe. The double meaning is not
coincidental. The fortunes of the mythical figure and D) meant different things for different nations in
the region have been intimately connected from the world
antiquity, though the precise nature of their E) is still under debate because of its political
relationship was complex and contested. The coin implications
suggests a clever play on the word ‘Europa’. It uses
the mythical “Europa” to symbolize modern Europe.
In doing so, it makes a powerful statement about
national (and international) identities and about
modern Europe´s cultural origins. The Euro was
introduced in 2002 to mark a new world order: the
creation of a new Europe or the European Union. At
this moment of great change, the coin provides the
reassurance of continuity; new Europe is also old
Europe, with a long and venerable tradition that goes
back to ancient Greece. Thus, the repetition of the
symbol promotes the European Union.

68. According to the text, images used on coins ---- .

A) do not have much significance and can be

66. According to the text, the word ‘Europa’ ---- . easily changed by governments

A) is used as an indication of the cultural origin B) can be powerful instruments to affirm the
of European states political and cultural integrity of countries

B) defines a long forgotten mythological figure C) can be copied and used by various powerful
states across the globe
C) used to be the name of a region in Europe
D) must have been of little importance from
D) bears no relation to the political entity of antiquity to modern times
Europe
E) show the significance of economic and
E) gained significance only after the creation of industrial development in a country
the European Union

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. We understand from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) descriptive grammar focuses on the
exceptional uses of words

The way linguists use the word ‘grammar’ differs B) it is only possible to speak a language by
from most common usages. Grammar is the being proficient in its grammar rules
knowledge speakers have about the units and rules C) our capacity to use a language is defined by
of their language: rules for combining sounds into the combination of lexicon and grammar
words called ‘phonology’, rules of word formation
called ‘morphology’, rules for combining words and D) linguists encourage people to speak a
phrases into sentences called ‘syntax’, as well as the language without paying attention to grammar
rules for assigning meaning called ‘semantics’. The E) grammar does not describe basic linguistic
grammar, together with a mental dictionary called a knowledge but tells us how we should speak
‘lexicon’ that lists the words of the language,
represents our linguistic competence. Every human
being who speaks a language knows its grammar.
When linguists wish to describe a language, they
make explicit the rules of the grammar of the
language that exist in the minds of its speakers.
There will be some differences among speakers, but
there must be shared knowledge too. The shared
knowledge makes it possible to communicate
through language. To the extent that the linguist’s
description is a true model of the speakers’ linguistic
capacity, it is a successful description of the
grammar and of the language itself. Such a model is
called a descriptive grammar.

71. According to the text, in order to use

language for communication, ---- .
69. According to the text, the grammar rules used
A) a successful description of grammar is vital
to form sentences are called ---- .
B) it is essential to have a good dictionary
A) semantics
C) a shared knowledge of grammar is necessary
B) phonology
D) everyone has to agree about grammar rules
C) lexicon
E) people must give up trying to describe
D) syntax
grammar
E) morphology

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. We can understand from the text that
cevaplayınız. multiculturalism ---- .

A) aims for greater acceptance of different

cultures
Multiculturalism has become the official policy in
many Western states and represents a liberal B) causes great damage to the political structure
democratic attempt to promote ethnic and racial of nation-states
equality. It is based on the idea of displaying
C) is solely related to educational institutions
tolerance towards a range of cultural practices within
the contexts of the nation-state. As a policy D) is against free religious education
approach, it has been influential in educational and E) cannot work without the support of political
cultural spheres where it has underpinned attempts parties
to introduce people to a range of different beliefs,
values, customs and cultural practices. For example,
the teaching of multi-faith religious education, the
performance of rituals and the promotion of ethnic
food became facets of educational policy. While
multiculturalism as a strategy has much to offer,
some critics argue that the process of relativizing
cultures can, in the context of institutionally racist
social orders, overlook the dimension of power. That
is, the day-to-day experiences of racism in relation to
housing, employment and physical violence may slip
from view. Thus, critics of multiculturalism argue that
we would be better served by an anti-racist approach
that highlights the operations of power and
challenges the ideological and structural practices
that constitute racist societies.

74. Critics of multiculturalism believe that ---- .

A) it highlights the operations of power and

72. It is clear from the text that multiculturalism---- . challenges ideological practices
A) is only supported by ethnic minorities B) it allows ethnic minorities to use physical
B) has long been neglected in education violence under certain circumstances

C) advocates gender equality above everything C) it may fail to address daily problems caused
else by racial intolerance

D) encourages respect for and celebrates D) it may interfere with the cultural practices of
differences ethnic minorities

E) started as a reaction against the liberal E) it ignores the rights of certain ethnic minorities
democratic approach living in the world

ʹʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 76. In the text, Borromini, Bernini, and Rubens
cevaplayınız. are given as examples of ---- .

A) representatives of Baroque painting

The term baroque (misshaped pearl) was applied, at B) renowned advocates of Rococo art
first contemptuously but later respectfully, to a style C) prominent Renaissance artists in France
of architecture that originated in Rome in the early
seventeenth century and showed a significant D) well-known pioneers of Rococo painting
departure from the traditions of the Renaissance. E) famous pioneers of Baroque visual arts
Asymmetry of design, luxuriance of ornament,
strange or broken curves or lines, and polychromatic
richness were its main features. The word was later
extended to the other visual arts of the baroque
period, which is generally regarded as having lasted
to the middle of the eighteenth century. The best
known early exponents are Borromini in architecture,
Bernini in sculpture, and Rubens in painting. Rococo
(rock-work) is sometimes treated as synonymous
with baroque, but is more properly confined to a later
development of it, especially in France, lighter and
more fanciful, and with ornament even less related to
structure. The characteristics of baroque are
grandeur, pomposity, and weight; those of rococo
are inconsequence, grace, and lightness. Baroque
aims at astounding, rococo at amusing.

77. The text is mainly about ---- .

A) the significance of Baroque painting in the

75. We understand from the text that ---- . history of French art
A) rococo was the dominant painting style in Italy B) different kinds of architecture observed in the
Renaissance period
B) baroque began as a reaction against rococo
in Italy C) the characteristics of and differences between
‘baroque’ and ‘rococo’
C) the term baroque was first used to describe a
style in music D) the transformation of ‘rococo’ during and after
the Renaissance period
D) the term baroque was coined by French
architects E) why baroque, as an artistic style, lost its
significance in time
E) application of the term baroque changed over
time

ʹ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. It is understood from the text that headless
cevaplayınız. horsemen ---- .

A) generally lost their lives while preparing for

battle
The tradition of the headless horseman goes back to
ancient times, and examples of these phantoms can B) might be warriors who lost their heads on
be found in the earliest German and Scandinavian battlefields
folklore. According to legend, both rider and horse
C) were lucky and strong enough to survive
are said to be pitch black in colour and they can just many battles
as easily gallop in the sky as on the ground. The
horsemen are sometimes said to be outcasts from D) were usually admired by the soldiers whom
the Wild Hunt, or otherwise great chiefs who had the they fought with
misfortune to lose their heads in battle or were E) did not call for war and bloodshed unless
beheaded. A well-known Irish example is the necessary
Headless Rider of Castle Sheela, whose story is told
in Ghosts in Irish Houses by James Reynolds (1947).
Many literary critics have been interested in headless
horseman legends and written book-length studies
on this topic. Perhaps the most famous book on the
topic is The Headless Horseman by American writer,
Captain Mayne Reid, published in 1869 and based
on an allegedly true case from Texas which the
author himself had investigated.

78. According to the text, the headless horseman 80. According to the text, Captain Mayne Reid’s
---- . The Headless Horseman ---- .
A) is thought to bring bad luck in Irish culture A) is based on the writer’s own investigation
B) is a legend about the lives of the nobility and B) deals with early Scandinavian folklore
high-rank officials
C) is purely a product of the writer’s imagination
C) was a popular figure in his community
D) tells us about ancient Irish ghost stories
D) is a legendary figure that appears in different
folklores E) is about a group of headless horsemen in
Texas
E) was first mentioned in Irish and American
folklore

ʹͶ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SOSYAL SORULARI 

A Grubu Cevap Anahtarı

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

E C A B D A B C E D C D B E A D C B E D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

A B C E A B D C E D C E B A E E C B A A

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

D C B E A A D E A B D C B C B D D E A A

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

C E D E B A B B D C C D A C E E C D B A

ʹͷ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR
2018
SAĞLIK SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4. There are viruses that are unfamiliar to our
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi immune system, which means that ----- our
bulunuz. natural defences ----- existing vaccines can
 protect us against them.

A) if / then
1. advances in gene technology and
knowledge of the body, doctors still fail to B) as / well
fully comprehend why many innate heart C) rather / than
diseases occur.
D) neither / nor
A) Because of
E) such / that
B) In case of

C) Since

D) In spite of

E) Thanks to

5. some bacteria are typically harmless,

Pseudomonas bacteria that enter a damaged
2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging helps ----- and cornea can cause an infection, redness, pain
diagnose pathologies in most tissues in the and blurred vision.
body. A) Now that
A) react B) Even though
B) install C) Provided
C) invent D) Once
D) detect E) Only if
E) defend

3. Recent figures show an 80 percent rise ----- the 6. The nail matrix, which is the actively growing
number of young girls diagnosed ----- anorexia part of the nail, is ---- thick ----- the pink dermis
in England since 2004. cannot show through it.
A) with / on A) as / as
B) on / by B) such / as
C) in / with C) so / that
D) at / of D) too / to
E) for / off E) much / than

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

7. More than 60 percent of new infectious 10. Implantation surgery is very complex because
diseases in the world have been transmitted it needs a high level of expertise to reach the
from animals to people ----- the last 80 years. surgical site ---- .

A) over A) heavily

B) without B) fluently

C) before C) dominantly

D) between D) efficiently

E) about E) accidentally

8. The effects of foetal alcohol syndrome are 11. Lycopene emerged in the 1990s as a
linked with mental health and social secondary therapy for prostate-related
interaction problems ----- learning difficulties. illnesses and started to be used widely ----- its
ability to slow the spread of malignant cells.
A) in order to
A) as well as
B) in contrast
B) in addition to
C) as though
C) because of
D) as well as
D) such as
E) despite
E) as if

9. Cataracts, cloudiness and discoloration of the

eye lens, were once a ----- cause of age-related 12. Personal hygiene helps control body smell,
blindness. the result of bacterial -----on the skin
interacting with perspiration.
A) leading
A) measure
B) missing
B) approval
C) beneficial
C) quality
D) convenient
D) treatment
E) disqualified
E) growth

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

13. Insomnia ---- chronic when someone ---- 17. Over millions of years retroviruses have been
difficulty in either getting to sleep or staying incorporated into our human DNA, where they
asleep for at least three months. today almost 10 percent of the total
genome.
A) became / is going to have
A) turn down
B) becomes / has had
B) call for
C) was becoming / is having
C) follow up
D) has become / was having
D) stand by
E) had become / will have
E) make up

14. The National Centre for Health ---- periodic

18. Menopause occurs naturally between the
Nutrition Examination Surveys since 1960 to
ages of 42 and 58, it is caused prematurely
determine how much obesity ---- among
by surgery, chemotherapy or pelvic radiation.
Americans.
A) because
A) had been conducting / is increasing
B) despite
B) is conducting / was increasing
C) unless
C) has been conducting / has increased
D) before
D) was conducting / will have increased
E) whatever
E) will conduct / increased

19. For a few years now, the World Health

15. The hard outer surface of each tooth is coated Organization -----the public against the Zika
in a layer called the pellicle, ----- is made virus, announcing that governments ----
mainly from proteins found in the saliva. everything possible to stop its spread.
A) which A) has warned / used to do
B) what B) will warn / had done

C) in which C) was warning / might do

D) where D) has been warning / must do

E) how E) had warned / had to do

16 ----- medications may affect people in different 20. Although tissue ----- as a group of cells with a
ways, a patient may not be able to understand similar structure that perform a common
their true effectiveness before using them. function, it does not consist entirely of cells.

A) Unless A) has defined

B) is defined
B) Since
C) defines
C) Once
D) is defining
D) As soon as
E) will be defining
E) After

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) being caused
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) to be caused

C) to have caused
The best-known form of itch erupts when the body
(21) to a simple mosquito bite. After the pest extracts D) to cause
its meal, it leaves behind chemicals and proteins (22) E) caused
our immune system recognizes as foreign and so
mounts an attack at the bite site. Immune cells in the
skin release cytokines, tiny chemical messengers
that escalate the response. The first inkling of an itch
is felt on the skin – just enough (23) scratching. That,
in turn, damages the protective outer layer of the
epidermis. (24), immune cells then release a surge of
histamine, a major itch-inducing chemical, along with
other pruritogens. Histamine activates receptors (25)
on the fine endings of sensory nerves in the skin,
triggering the familiar sensation of itching.

24.

A) As a result

B) For instance

C) Instead
21.
D) Nevertheless
A) rejects
E) In contrast
B) refers

C) leads

D) conforms

E) reacts

25.
22.
A) find
A) that
B) finding
B) what
C) found
C) in which
D) to find
D) when
E) be finding
E) whether

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) up
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) at

C) over
We used to think of vitamin D supplements as (26)
until recent studies showed the opposite. (27) the D) into
new advice for widespread vitamin D E) of
supplementation is simple in terms of dose, it might
lead to overdose in certain cases. Many people
already use additional sources (28) the vitamin or
they buy high dose supplements on the internet.
Patients with very high vitamin D levels (29) routine
in clinical practice nowadays. Worryingly, several
experiments have reported that patients (30) take
large doses of vitamin D might increase the risk of
developing certain disorders.

29.

A) had become

B) became

C) would become

D) were becoming
26. E) are becoming
A) particular

B) harmless

C) equal

D) vacant

E) confident

27. 30.
A) While A) what
B) How B) who
C) Before C) why
D) Thus D) where
E) Due to E) when

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 34. Since the establishment of the health program
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. called SEER in 1973 by the National Cancer
 Institute ---- .
A) no proven formula of prevention existed in
31 ----- that is used for energy production in the early sciences
body.
B) symptoms have little to do with your lifestyle
A) Every effort is being made to spot tumours and the way you eat
B) A great number of reports have recently been C) the risk should have been determined at quite
issued an early age
C) Glucose is an essential carbohydrate D) these factors might diminish the risk of
developing cancer
D) Fatty acids are used by many organs to
function E) there has been a continual decline in cancer-
related mortality
E) We have brought together the relevant
information

35. Developing a vaccine for Zika is challenging ----.

32. Just as fluoride is important for protecting A) until the World Health Organization stated that
children’s developing teeth, . priority should be given to developing
vaccines
A) they used to work hard on the prevention of
tooth decay B) mainly because this problem had already
been resolved decades ago
B) the bacteria in the mouth use sugar to
produce the acid C) mostly because we have a limited
understanding of the epidemiology of the
C) the majority of the elderly have some or all of
infection
their natural teeth
D) even though pregnancy has repercussions for
D) it is also of benefit to older adults with dental
most suitable vaccine technologies
problems
E) despite new laws regulating the use of
E) children should be checked for physical
present medications on registered patients
problems regularly

36. Medications that boost red blood cells

33 ---- , it is necessary to follow individual
become necessary to prevent anaemia from
patients by taking multiple brain scans over
progressing; ---- .
the course of their illness.
A) in other words, the decrease in red blood cells
A) To better understand how the brain changes
may be caused by a genetic disorder
over time in schizophrenia
B) that is why doctors prescribe iron pills to
B) Because group therapy has proved to be
increase patients’ red blood cells
more helpful in certain cases
C) so, low iron levels impair the body’s ability to
C) However, some recent studies focus on the
produce hemoglobin
positive effects of exercise over time
D) for example, one must be careful about
D) Just as a patient shows neither sign of
getting plastic surgery
recovery nor willingness to be treated at all
E) that is to say, vitamin B12 is normally found in
E) Considering multiple brain scans do not
many meats and vegetables
provide any further details

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

37. Regular physical exercise is a major part of 40 -----, the risk of developing the disease
weight management ----. increases as people grow older.

A) even though it is possible to be overweight A) Although Alzheimer’s disease is not a normal

without being obese part of the aging process

B) even though traditional Chinese medicine B) Since patients have no difficulty remembering
may cause such heart conditions what day or month it is

C) before they are given antidepressant C) If medical specialists were able to find an
medications to treat psychosis absolute cure for such diseases

D) as researchers believe advertising may lead D) Unless families of Alzheimer’s patients learn
to unhealthy eating styles to cope with the stress

E) because it increases the number of calories E) Thanks to several advances in the field of
burnt by the body progressive brain disorders

38. Whether scientists are testing a new drug or

mapping the migrations of whales, ---- .

A) the population of certain species around the

world is declining

B) after posing such a question, a scientist often

uses inductive logic

C) digital technologies allow the general public to

communicate faster

D) mathematical and statistical calculations are

essential

E) this situation has been beneficial to most

biologists
41. Following up on research showing that early
intervention can improve motor control, ----
39. For certain diseases, a focused medical
history and physical examination should be A) the scheme involved observing 28 patients
performed ---- with a family history of high blood pressure

A) in cases in which a physical examination is B) a new device was devised long before the
not necessary research on cerebral palsy was initiated

B) unless the physician needs to inform the C) elderly patients with heart disease will be
patient about this problem monitored by a remote device on a daily basis

C) so that a potentially dangerous underlying D) elderly people with walking difficulties might
condition is not overlooked feel scared to leave the house by themselves

D) such symptoms are mostly classified in E) a mechanism has been developed to help
different categories increase the physical activity of babies with
cerebral palsy
E) provided that it is nothing more than a
common cold

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 43. The rise in drug-resistant bacteria is usually
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. associated with the overuse of antibiotics in
medicine and farming.

A) Genelde antibiyotiğin tıpta ve tarımda aşırı

42. Antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E,
kullanımı, ilaca karşı dirençli bakterilerin
defend the body against the harmful effects of
artmasında oldukça etkilidir.
free radicals, which cause early aging and
disease. B) Antibiyotiğin tıpta ve tarımda kullanımı ile
ilaca karşı dirençli bakterilerin artması
A) Serbest radikallerden dolayı oluşan erken
arasında bir ilişki söz konusudur.
yaşlanmadan ve hastalıklardan vücudu
koruma görevi, C ve E vitamini gibi C) Antibiyotiğin tıpta ve tarımda aşırı kullanımı,
antioksidanlarındır. genellikle ilaca karşı dirençli bakterilerin
artmasındaki ana nedendir.
B) C ve E vitamini gibi antioksidanlar, serbest
radikallerin verdiği zararları önleyerek vücudu D) İlaca karşı dirençli bakterilerdeki artış,
erken yaşlanmaya ve hastalıklara karşı genellikle antibiyotiğin tıpta ve tarımda aşırı
koruyabilir. kullanımı ile ilişkilendirilir.

C) C ve E vitamini gibi antioksidanlar, vücudu E) İlaca karşı dirençli bakterilerin artışı ile
erken yaşlanmaya ve hastalığa neden olan antibiyotiğin tıpta ve tarımda kullanımı
serbest radikallerin zararlı etkilerine karşı arasında bir bağ olduğu düşünülür.
korur.

D) Başlıca antioksidanlardan olan C ve E

vitaminlerinin görevi, erken yaşlanmanın ve
bazı hastalıkların kaynağı olan serbest
radikallere karşı vücudu korumaktadır.

E) C ve E vitaminlerinde bulunan antioksidanlar,

serbest radikallerin zararlı etkilerinden olan
erken yaşlanmaya ve hastalıklara karşı 44. Acupuncture is an ancient method of therapy
vücudu korur. that originated in China more than 2,000 years
ago.

A) Akupunktur, 2000 yıldan uzun bir süre önce

Çin’de ortaya çıkmış eski bir tedavi
yöntemidir.

B) Bazı kaynaklara göre akupunktur, 2000 yıldan

uzun bir süre önce Çin’de ortaya çıkmıştır.

C) Yaklaşık 2000 yıl önce Çin’de ortaya çıkan

akupunktur, oldukça eski bir tedavi
yöntemidir.

D) Akupunktur, yaklaşık 2000 yıl önce Çin’de

ortaya çıktığı düşünülen eski bir tedavi
yöntemidir.

E) Eski bir tedavi yöntemi olan akupunktur,

Çin’de 2000 yıldan uzun bir süre önce çıkmış
olabilir.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

45. If the food you eat is not good quality or it is 47. The mental and physical ravages caused by
not consumed in the proper quantities, you some genetic diseases are preventable only if
are likely to experience fatigue. the diseases are diagnosed and treated in
A) Yediğiniz yiyeceklerin kalitesine veya their early stages.
miktarına dikkat etmezseniz, yorgunluk A) Eğer genetik hastalıklar erken evrelerde
yaşamanız muhtemeldir.
teşhis ve tedavi edilirse, hastanın zihninde ve
B) Yorgunluk yaşamanız, yiyeceklerinizin kaliteli vücudunda yarattıkları bazı hasarların önüne
olmamasıyla veya uygun miktarlarda geçilebilir.
tüketilmemesiyle ilgilidir.
B) Bazı genetik hastalıklardan kaynaklanan
C) Yediğiniz yiyeceklerin kalitesi veya miktarı zihinsel ve fiziksel hasarlar, ancak hastalıklar
yorgunluk yaşamamıza neden olabilecek erken evrelerinde teşhis ve tedavi edildiği
sebepler arasında yer alır.
takdirde önlenebilir.
D) Kaliteli veya uygun miktarlarda besin
C) Genetik hastalıkların vücudumuzda yarattığı
tüketemezseniz, yorgunluk yaşama ihtimaliniz
kaçınılmazdır. zihinsel ve fiziksel hasarların önlenebilmesi,
ancak hastalığın erken evrede teşhis
E) Eğer yediğiniz yiyecekler kaliteli değilse veya edilmesiyle mümkündür.
uygun miktarlarda tüketilmiyorsa, yorgunluk
yaşamanız muhtemeldir. D) Genetik hastalıkların hastanın zihninde ve
vücudunda yarattığı hasarların önüne, ancak
bu hastalıkların erken teşhisi ve tedavisiyle
46. Because proteins, unlike carbohydrates, are geçilebilir.
not stored in the body, protein-rich foods
should be consumed on a regular basis in E) Bazı genetik hastalıklar erken evrelerde teşhis
order to obtain the required amino acids. ve tedavi edildiklerinde, vücudumuzda
bırakabilecekleri zihinsel ve fiziksel hasarlar
A) Proteinler, karbonhidratlar gibi vücutta
ortadan kalkar.
depolanmaz, bu nedenle vücudumuzun
gereksinim duyduğu amino asitleri
dengelemek için belirli ölçülerde protein
bakımından zengin besinler tüketmemiz
gerekir.
B) Proteinler karbonhidratlardan farklı olarak
vücutta depolanmadığından, gerekli amino
asitlerin alınması için protein bakımından
zengin besinler düzenli olarak tüketilmelidir.
C) İhtiyaç duyulan amino asitlerin vücutta
depolanabilmesi için, yapıca
karbonhidratlardan farklılık gösteren, protein
bakımından zengin besinlerin düzenli olarak
tüketilmesi gerekir.
D) Proteinler karbonhidratlardan farklı
olduğundan vücutta depolanmaz, bu nedenle
amino asitlerin alınabilmesi için genelde
proteinli besinler tüketilmelidir.
E) Proteinler vücutta depolanabilen
karbonhidratlardan oldukça farklıdır ve düzenli
olarak tüketildiğinde vücudumuz için gerekli
olan amino asitlerin alınabilmesine yardımcı
olur.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 49. Tıbbi ilaç çalışmaları ayrı bir meslek dalı
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. olarak sekizinci yüzyılda ortaya çıkmış olsa
da, Avrupa’daki ilk eczane Fransa’da 1180’de
açılmıştır.
48. Gençlerin ergenlik sırasında geçirdiği A) The first pharmacies in Europe were opened
değişimler o kadar çarpıcıdır ki birçok in France in the eighth century; however, the
biyolog, ergenliği iribaşların kurbağa oldukları study of medical drugs emerged as a distinct
zaman geçirdikleri dönüşüme benzetir. profession in 1180.

A) Many biologists compare youngsters to B) Medical drugs were distinctly studied by

tadpoles since the dramatic changes that they professionals for the first time in the eighth
experience during puberty are similar to their century; however, the first pharmacy in
Europe appeared in France long after that.
metamorphosis.
C) The study of medical drugs became a distinct
B) According to biologists, dramatic changes that profession in the eighth century while the first
young people experience during puberty are pharmacies in Europe were located in France.
similar to the transformation that tadpoles go
D) Since the study of medical drugs emerged as
through to become frogs.
a separate profession in France in the
C) The changes all young people experience eighteenth century, the first pharmacy was
during their teen years are extremely also opened there in 1180.
dramatic; therefore, biologists think puberty is E) Although the study of medical drugs emerged
similar to the period during which tadpoles as a distinct profession in the eighth century,
become frogs. the first pharmacy in Europe was opened in
France in 1180.
D) The changes that young people go through
during puberty are so dramatic that many
biologists compare puberty to the 50. Yanma ve kaşıntı şeklindeki çoğu göz ağrısı,
metamorphosis that tadpoles go through gözün kendisinden çok göz çevresindeki
when they become frogs. yapıları etkileyen küçük ve tedavi edilebilir
nedenlerden kaynaklanır.
E) According to many biologists, the changes
A) Much eye pain in the form of burning and
young people experience during puberty are
itching arises from minor and treatable causes
similar to the transformation that tadpoles go
that affect the structures around the eye
through while becoming frogs.
rather than the eye itself.
B) Burning and itching caused by much eye pain
are considered minor and treatable conditions
that affect the structures around the eye as
well as the eye itself.
C) Minor and preventable changes in the
structures around the eye might lead to much
eye pain in the form of burning and itching.
D) Burning and itching caused by eye pain are
minor and treatable causes that affect not
only the structures around the eye but also
the eye itself.
E) Much eye pain due to burning and itching is
caused by preventable conditions that affect
the structures around the eye as well as the
eye itself.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

51. Vertigo nöbeti genellikle sadece birkaç dakika 53. Önleyici tıp uzmanları bazı önemli hastalıklara
sürmesine karşın, birkaç saat devam eden yol açan faktörlerin kontrol altına alınması ya
bulantı, baş dönmesi ve denge kaybına yol da bertaraf edilmesi sürecinde pek çok
açabilir. güçlükle karşılaşmaktadır.

A) The vertigo episode that lasts only a few A) Preventive medicine specialists encounter
minutes may result in nausea, dizziness as many challenges in the process of controlling
well as balance disturbance. or eliminating the factors that cause some
significant health conditions.
B) The vertigo episode is known to last only a
minute, but it often results in nausea, B) The challenges that preventive medicine
dizziness and balance disturbance that specialists mostly experienced took place
continue for several hours. during the process of controlling or eliminating
the factors that cause certain health
C) Though the vertigo episode generally lasts
conditions.
only a few minutes, it can result in nausea,
dizziness and balance disturbance that C) According to preventive medicine specialists,
continue for several hours. the biggest challenge during the process of
eliminating some health conditions is
D) While the vertigo episode typically lasts a few
controlling the factors causing them.
hours, it can lead to dizziness and balance
disturbance that may continue for a longer D) Preventive medicine specialists experience a
period. lot of challenges when they attempt to control
and eliminate the factors that cause some
E) Since the vertigo episode typically lasts less
health conditions.
than a few minutes, it generally results in
nausea, dizziness and balance disturbance E) Preventive medicine specialists encounter
that continue for several hours. many challenges prior to the process of
controlling and eliminating certain significant
health conditions.
52. Eczacıların haklarını korumak için ilaçlar ilk
defa Britanya’da 1868’de yasal denetim altına
alındı.

A) To protect the rights of pharmacists, Britain

started to sell drugs under legal control for the
first time in 1868.

B) It was in 1868 that drugs came under legal

control in Britain to be able to protect the
rights of pharmacists.

C) Britain was the first and only country to take

drugs under legal control to protect the rights
of pharmacists in 1868.

D) Drugs were taken under legal control in

Britain for the first time in 1868 to protect the
rights of pharmacists.

E) The rights of pharmacists were protected for

the first time in Britain in 1868, when drugs
came under legal control.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. Precision medicine sounds like an unarguably
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere good thing. It begins with the observation that
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. individuals vary in their genetic makeup and
that their diseases and responses to
medications differ as a result. It then aims to
54. Nutritional guidelines recommend the highest find the right drug, for the right patient, at the
proportion of foods come from fruits, right time, every time. The notion certainly
vegetables, whole grains and whole grain has its supporters among medical experts. ----
products, and low-fat proteins. However, fats . It seems that the debate resulting from these
and carbohydrates make up the majority of opposite views will be intensifying over
dietary intake for many people. In the United whether this approach to treating disease can
States, the frequency with which people eat truly deliver on its promise to revolutionize
out at restaurants and consume fast food is health care.
very high. Though a number of restaurants
A) Genetic testing can, without doubt, reveal
offer fresh vegetables and fruit and feature
which individuals might benefit from precision
“heart healthy” menu choices, restaurant
medicine
meals tend to be high in both fat and
carbohydrates. ---- . B) However, there are others who think that
efforts to achieve precision medicine are a
A) Weight loss as a component of weight
waste of time and money
management requires lifestyle modifications
that dieting does not accommodate C) Early attempts to adjust disease treatment to
individuals based on their DNA have achieved
B) So, many dieticians believe that we must
success
consume meat as well as vegetables and
dairy products D) These expected innovations are part of many
small-step improvements in hospital
C) Many diet aids come with diet plans that
management
advise increased exercise and reduced food
intake - the ideal method for weight loss E) The same paradox applies to nearly every
example of precision medicine you can find in
D) A plant-based diet may move through the
a specific field
body in 6 to 8 hours, while a high-fat, low-fiber
diet may take as long as 26 hours

E) The same is true of snack foods and prepared

foods such as frozen dinners and boxed and
canned products

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

56. . Advances in genetics, for example, offer 57. Cognitive-behavioural therapy, a type of
hope of new treatments to cure serious psychotherapy, has proven effective in
diseases such as cancer, eliminate genetic treating anxiety disorders. In this type of
defects from families, and possibly even slow therapy, the therapist first educates the
the aging process. Recent studies also person about the nature of his or her
suggest that it may soon be possible to grow particular anxiety disorder. ---- . For example,
replacement organs. However, none of these to treat a person with a snake phobia, a
anticipated breakthroughs would be possible therapist might gradually expose the person
– even thinkable – without the pioneering to snakes, beginning with pictures of snakes
medical discoveries of the last 1,000 years. and progressing to rubber snakes and real
snakes. Then, the patient can use relaxation
A) Smallpox was once a much dreaded and
techniques acquired in therapy to overcome
common fatal viral infection
the fear of snakes.
B) Many of the important inventions of the past
A) A limited number of drugs can be used to
three decades have only increased the rate of
reduce symptoms of anxiety
consumption
B) Medications may work better than
C) Medical breakthroughs during the next
psychotherapy when patients discontinue
millennium will probably bring longer and
treatment
healthier lives
C) Some individuals do not feel any anxiety
D) Therefore, diseases and infections have
when faced with difficult situations
claimed many lives across the world in the
last century D) Many cultures in the world accept the
expression of anxiety in public
E) Latest developments have created a new
market for such child care products E) Then, the therapist helps the person cope
with irrational thoughts that lead to anxiety

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

58. In coronary heart disease, the vessels that 59. Acupuncture is based on the concept of ‘qi’, a
supply oxygen-carrying blood to the heart life force or energy that practitioners say
become too narrow to carry a sufficient flows through the body along twenty distinct
amount of blood. Most often, they become routes called meridians. ---- . Inserting
narrowed because of atherosclerosis, a acupuncture needles at specific points along
process in which fatty deposits called specific meridians is thought to clear those
‘plaque’ build up on the inside wall of an blockages and restore ‘qi’s natural flow,
artery. Plaque is made of cholesterol, fibrous which in turn restores patients to health.
proteins, calcium deposits, tiny blood cells Scientists have long understood that ‘qi’ is
known as platelets, and debris from dead not a legitimate biological entity. But the
cells. ---- . Gradually, this growing plaque acupuncture proponents among them have
thickens the wall of the artery, reducing the argued that acupuncture itself might still
space for blood to flow through. work, albeit by an as yet unknown
mechanism.
A) Cardiac muscle cells connect to each other by
specialized junctions A) The lack of scientific support for acupuncture
has not stopped enthusiasm for the practice
B) The coronary arteries are important because
they supply blood to the heart B) Blocked meridians are believed to cause
illness by disrupting the flow of qi
C) Heart problems affect millions of people and
claim many lives each year C) The procedure to get rid of blockages had
been abandoned by the 1800s
D) Plaque formation progresses very slowly over
the course of decades D) Besides, the number of meridians starts to
decline as we grow older
E) The heart operates perfectly in order to pump
blood through the body E) Scientists have gained insights that could lead
to new methods for treating pain

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) There exists a wide variety of non-
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü infectious diseases and disorders of the
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. human respiratory system. (II) In many cases,
psychological therapy may include the
treatment of patients as a couple or family.
60. (I) Hearing loss, however subtle, may have (III) These conditions can be classified
significant effects on a person’s ability to according to the specific anatomical regions
function in, and enjoy everyday life. (II) of the respiratory tract that they affect. (IV)
Researchers have been exploring the aging Thus, there are diseases of the upper airways;
process for many decades in order to help diseases of the pleura; diseases of the larynx,
slow it down. (III) Even mild to moderate trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs; and
hearing loss removes many common sounds diseases of the mediastinum and diaphragm.
from daily experience. (IV) Hearing aids, (V) Although these divisions provide a
though they cannot restore normal sound general outline of the ways in which diseases
quality and hearing, make it possible to may affect the lung, they are by no means
participate in conversation and to hear many rigid.
of the sounds that provide orientation to
one’s personal environment. (V) With A) I
accommodation, most people with hearing B) II
loss are able to fully participate in nearly all
activities that those who have normal hearing C) III
can experience.
D) IV
A) I
E) V
B) II
C) III
63. (I) Seasonal Affective Disorder is a subtype of
D) IV depression usually characterized by the onset
E) V of depression in autumn or winter (II)
Seasonal Affective Disorder is twice as
common in women as in men and is
61. (I) Physicians can identify some diseases and associated with psychomotor retardation,
injuries by feeling the patient’s deep organs hypersomnia, overeating, and weight gain. (III)
through the skin. (II) One of the most useful To establish the diagnosis, this type of
modern imaging techniques is a refined X-ray depression must recur for three or more
technology called Computed Tomography. consecutive years. (IV) The treatment of
(III) A Computer Tomography scanner is Seasonal Affective Disorder relies primarily
shaped like a square metal nut standing on its on phototherapy, using a full-spectrum light
side. (IV) The patient lies in the central hole, source of 10,000 lux for a minimum of 30
situated between an X-ray tube and a minutes a day. (V) Every year about 10 million
recorder, both of which are in the scanner. (V) Americans have a depressive episode linked
The tube and recorder rotate to take about to unemployment, but about only 20 percent
twelve successive X-ray images around the usually seek treatment.
person’s full circumference.
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

64. (I) If your pharmaceutical system is working 65. (I) The normal cardiac cycle is controlled by
properly, the correct chemicals will be an orderly sequence of depolarisation
dispensed at the appropriate times. (II) If a spreading into the ventricular myocardium
dog starts chasing you, for example, your through specialised conducting tissue. (II)
internal pharmacist will hand out a shot of Under the given circumstances, scientists
adrenaline and a dose of cortisol. (III) It has have to find new sources of funding to their
long been known that listening to music helps projects. (III) In ventricular fibrillation this
to calm the nerves. (IV) The adrenaline will get coordinated sequence is lost and individual
you ready to run or fight by increasing the muscle cells depolarise in an apparently
oxygen supply to your muscles, directing random fashion with the loss of all
more blood to your heart and lungs, and coordinated muscular activity. (IV) In such a
releasing extra glucose into your system. (V) case, in which muscular activity is lost, the
The cortisol reaction will further amplify the heart stops functioning as an effective pump.
adrenaline’s effects, increasing your blood (V) In the absence of cardiac output or a
sugar levels and concentrating energy functioning pump, the myocardium becomes
supplies to your arms and legs. more ischaemic and irreversible cerebral
anoxic damage occurs within a few minutes.
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. It is clear from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) artificial joints are successful alternatives to
insufficient stem cell usage

A recent study has introduced a new treatment for B) working on stem cells is a new field that has
skeletal system injuries. A carbon material, which not been practised before
could lead to more powerful treatments for skeletal C) working on stem cells is a new field of study
system injuries, such as fractures, is included for the never taken up before
first time in such studies. The purpose of the trial is to
develop a new kind of medication to repair injured D) the trial is likely to give rise to further
bone using stem cells from human bone marrow as developments in treating bone injuries
well as these carbon nanotubes. In the study, it is E) skeletal system injuries could not be treated
expected that this research could lead to the before stem cell studies
enhancement of bone regeneration. The use of stem
cells taken from human bone marrow has already
been tried in fracture treatment due to their potential
to regenerate bone in patients who have lost large
areas of bone from either disease or trauma, and
progress has been made. However, this research
has opened up the possibility of developing a new
kind of medication that effectively treats skeletal
injuries, such as fractures. Furthermore, it may lead
to such advancements as making artificial joints and
teeth with the use of 3D printing.

66. According to the text, how does the latest

study differ from previous ones? 68. The text is mainly about ---- .
A) The effectiveness of stem cells in bone A) a new study on skeletal system injuries with
regeneration has been determined by their some promising results
quantity.
B) the developmental steps of using stem cells in
B) Stem cells derived from human bone marrow bone regeneration after trauma
have proven effective in bone injuries.
C) studies that aim to treat skeletal system
C) Numerous skeletal injuries such as fractures injuries using stem cells from human marrows
have been successfully treated by it.
D) a new method that has made use of 3D
D) An innovative surgical technique has been printing techniques to enhance bone
developed by means of various materials. regeneration
E) A carbon material has been used in the trials E) alternative ways of using stem cells to
to repair skeletal injuries for the first time. produce artificial joints and teeth for humans

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. We understand from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) spread of the H5 and H7 viruses in the United
States has affected poultry since 1997

There are many different subtypes of type A B) the number of infected poultry in the United
influenza virus. These subtypes differ because of States is much lower than that in other
certain proteins on the surface of the virus. Infection countries
with certain avian influenza A virus caused by some
C) bird flu is not fatal in humans due to their
H5 and H7 strains can cause widespread disease
strong immune system
and death among some species of domestic birds.
Since 1997, several outbreaks of H5 and H7 D) In 1997, the United States faced two serious
influenza have occurred only among poultry in the H7N9 pandemics among poultry
United States. In some parts of the world, the H5N1 E) poultry have a stronger immune system
avian influenza virus and H7N9 virus have, however, protection than other animals
resulted in bird flu in humans. Bird flu has a high
death rate in humans, possibly because people have
little immune system protection against avian
influenza viruses. Most cases of bird flu infection in
people have occurred as a result of contact with
infected birds. Infection also may result from contact
with contaminated surfaces, from eating
undercooked poultry or eggs from infected birds or
through contact with a person who has bird flu, which
in fact rarely occurs. Researchers look at a number
of factors including the genetic markers of each virus
to help determine the risk for human infection.

69. It is clear from the text that ---- . 71. According to the text, ---- .
A) proteins surrounding the influenza virus cause A) the government has stopped the sales of
deaths in all animal species poultry products in many regions
B) the subtypes of influenza virus are defined in B) experts have made satisfactory progress and
terms of the proteins they contain come up with an effective solution
C) the types of influenza virus in the United C) inherited features of avian influenza viruses
States are exactly the same as those in other are one aspect being studied by experts
parts of the world
D) the United States and other nations are taking
D) migrating birds pose higher risks than poultry steps against migrating bird species
in the United States
E) a genetic test must be compulsory in the
E) H5 is the most common type of avian United States
influenza virus in the United States

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. We understand from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) the only focus of quality measurement is
general labour force

Quality assessment in health care is bedevilled with B) measuring quality has led to significant legal
measurement problems. The measurement of problems
output, or more strictly the agent’s effort in producing C) quality control assessment in health care has
output, is particularly difficult. Quality can be just been initiated
measured in terms of the quality of inputs,
processes, or outcomes. Input quality measurement, D) each method of quality measurement focuses
for example, would involve assessing the capabilities on different aspects of health care
and training of the labour force, the standard of the E) assessing input quality is much more
capital facilities and equipment, and the input mix. challenging than assessing process quality
Such an approach is often taken by health care
regulators seeking to maintain a register of qualified
providers. Process quality measurement, however,
would involve assessing whether agents are
performing actions that are most likely to generate
good quality outputs. In health care, this might
involve assessing whether providers are following
best-practice guidelines and offering patients
effective treatment regimes. Finally, quality output
measurement would focus on the benefits that have
been achieved for patients, regardless of how they
have been achieved. Such benefits should include
gains in survival and quality of life and increasingly
capture patients’ experience of using health care
services.

74. The text is mainly about ---- .

A) different methods used in assessing quality in

the health care sector
72. Quality output measurement is basically
concerned with ---- . B) the essential role of assessment in producing
desirable output
A) specific training designed to meet the needs
of the work-force C) problems that lead to the discontinuance of
quality assessment
B) the importance of experience in survival
D) the agent’s role in identifying problems related
C) the patient’s quality of life before treatment
to measurement
D) how the health care sector survived financial
E) the difference between the quality and the
difficulties
produced output
E) the outcomes of the treatment process

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 76. We understand from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) ice should immediately be applied to the
fracture following the surgery

The nose is especially vulnerable to impact injuries, B) an X-ray must be obtained by doctors whether
and the nasal bones are the most commonly it is a simple nasal fracture or not
fractured on the face. Injury to the cartilage often
C) when a nasal fracture occurs, the cartilage in
accompanies a nasal fracture; these injuries are
the nose is usually injured as well
typically painful and result in significant swelling and
bruising. A fracture can displace the bones and the D) there is no information about the healing
cartilage, altering the flow of air through the nose, period of the nasal fracture and recovery
and can result in bleeding within the nasal passages. process
As an immediate action, applying ice to the area as E) nasal fractures are always treated as serious
soon as possible helps contain the swelling. To injuries by doctors
confirm a nasal fracture completely, the doctor may
order X-rays of the face. The doctor often can repair
a simple nasal fracture by external manipulation
done with local anaesthesia. On the other hand, an
injury that is more extensive than a simple nasal
fracture typically requires surgery to return the bones
to their normal positions. The bones become set in
about a week; the fracture heals fully in four to six
weeks. Nevertheless, most nasal fractures heal
effectively and have no long-term consequences.

75. It is clear from the text that ---- .

77. A nasal fracture ---- .
A) fracture of the nasal bones is the most
common bone injury in the body A) must be surgically positioned without
anaesthesia
B) taking X-rays of the face is the only way to
determine whether there is a nasal fracture B) rarely gives rise to bleeding and swelling
beyond pain
C) all injuries of the nasal bones are considered
minor due to the short healing period C) continues to disturb the patient for the rest of
his/her life
D) applying ice to the fractured bone is enough
to stop the feeling of pain D) can disrupt the flow of air and cause bleeding

E) surgery for positioning the fractured bones is E) is impossible to be repositioned by external

not required for every nose fracture intervention

ʹʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. It is clear from the text that laboratory tests ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) may sometimes fail to provide accurate
results

Every year in the U.S., doctor’s offices and hospitals B) used to cost more than they do now
order billions of laboratory tests to measure C) are now controlled by federal officials in the
everything from cholesterol levels in the blood to the U.S.
presence of a gene that is thought to increase the
risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Physicians D) are largely conducted by the FDA in the U.S.
and patients typically assume that they can trust the E) have been disputed and monitored by the
results of these tests, and most of the time they can. FDA for a long time
But not all lab tests are equally reliable, and faulty
ones can have serious consequences. Sometimes
they fail to determine life threatening conditions.
Other times they indicate a problem that does not
exist, which can lead to unnecessary, perhaps even
dangerous treatments. The U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) is now taking steps to restore
confidence in the reliability of these tests. In 2017,
the agency released proposed guidelines that will
subject these tests, for the first time, to federal
oversight. Several industry sources believe the final
rulings may begin taking effect soon, whereas some
lab directors say that the requirements could
increase costs and affect medical practice.

80. We understand from the text that ---- .

A) patients are willing to pay the cost of the test

themselves
78. It is clear from the text that physicians and
B) there are disagreements about the measures
patients ---- .
taken by the FDA
A) are misled by most laboratory tests
C) patients demand that medications should be
B) are satisfied with the decision made by FDA regulated strictly
C) often presume that laboratory tests are D) laboratory tests have been questioned by
reliable physicians since 2016
D) believe that laboratories should be monitored E) the guidelines that the FDA issued have
already taken effect in hospitals
E) agree on the faulty results of ordered tests

ʹ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 SAĞLIK SORULARI 

A GRUBU CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

D D C D B C A D A D C E B C A B E C D B

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

E A D A C B A E E B C D A E C B E D C A

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

E C D A E B B D E A C D A E B C E D B B

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

A B E C B E D A B A C E D A E C D C A B

ʹͶ
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR
2018
FEN SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4.water accounts for more than 90 percent
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi of protoplasm weight, this rate can be as low
bulunuz. as 10 percent in seeds.

A) Although

1. People consider soil ---- because it supports B) Unless

plants that supply food, fibre, drugs, and C) Similarly
other human needs.
D) As if
A) various
E) Provided
B) simple

C) essential
5. The northern white rhino will soon face total
D) thick extinction ---- something is done to prevent
E) missing this tragic outcome.

A) as long as

B) as soon as

2. The adult brain can grow new brain cells or C) unless

re-organize itself in response to new D) only if
experiences, which is a biological----- called
neuroplasticity. E) because

A) refusal

B) prediction 6. People and animals----- to find new sources of

food when old ones ---- unavailable or they
C) outbreak have to move to new areas.
D) process A) used to learn / have become
E) lecture B) would learn / will become

C) must learn / were becoming

D) might learn / had become

E) have to learn / become

3. Botany as a pure science began in the fourth
century BC with the Greek philosopher
Theophrastus, who ----- influenced the 7. Each year, air currents blow two million tons
discipline until the seventeenth century. of bacteria into the atmosphere ----- 55 million
tons of fungal spores.
A) fluently
A) in case of
B) heavily
B) in order to
C) angrily
C) in contrast
D) shortly
D) as well as
E) loudly
E) as though

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

8. Today, geophysicists ----- more detailed 12. China has seen a decrease in rural child
reports about why earthquakes happen more labour ---- the one-child policy and rapid
frequently in some places than others. urbanisation.
A) would produce A) however
B) will be produced B) due to
C) are producing C) if
D) had produced D) in case
E) are produced E) although

9. When it comes to the environment, modern

13. ----Chemistry seeks to explain ----- the
societies are not ----- different from primitive
structures of atoms ---- how these structures--
societies ----- one might assume.
--are transformed in chemical reactions.
A) too / to
A) rather / than
B) many / than
B) neither / or
C) much / more
C) but / also
D) as / as
D) both / and
E) so / that
E) such / that

10. Researchers----- are based at the University of

Tokyo have discovered that larger 14. Newton deduced the three laws of motion ----
earthquakes are more likely to occur when the various experiments performed ----- other
moon is nearly full or new. scientists, especially Galileo Galilei.

A) who A) for / on

B) whose B) by / in

C) in which C) from / by
D) what D) with / to
E) where E) into / at

11. the increasing number of protected areas in 15. The global human population ----- dramatic
recent decades, the rate of extinction in growth at least twice throughout history, the
species has not dropped. first of which ----- around 10,000 years ago.
A) Thanks to A) experiences / will take place
B) Before B) will experience / was taking place
C) Unless
C) had experienced / takes place
D) Now that
D) was experiencing / had taken place
E) Despite
E) has experienced / took place

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

16. ----Since NASA ---- using the Space Shuttle in 19. Noise pollution from survey ships is a big
2011, the Soyuz spacecraft ---- the only way threat for dolphins ----- they are considered
for astronauts to reach the International one of the most acoustically sensitive animals
Space Station. on Earth.

A) will stop / was A) so that

B) was stopping / is B) whereas

C) stops / will be C) such

D) stopped / has been D) just as

E) may stop / used to be E) since

17. Researchers from a number of EU member 20. working on superconductivity, physicist John
states have joined forces to ----- the effects of Bardeen was already well on the way to his
underwater noise generated by shipping. first Nobel Prize in physics.

A) investigate A) After

B) supply B) Later

C) prepare C) Then

D) complain D) While

E) attend E) Following

18. Faster recharging lithium batteries were

developed when scientists ----- that adding
charged metal atoms to tunnel structures
improves their performance.

A) turned down

B) found out

C) led to

D) took off

E) gave up

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) combined
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) declined

C) estimated
‘Spam’ is the term used to describe unsolicited e-mail
messages automatically (21) to millions of recipients. D) terminated
These messages are advertisements about debt E) discharged
consolidation offers, get-rich-quick schemes, and
stock market tips. The underlying principle is (22) if
you e-mail enough people, some are likely to be
interested in or taken in by your offer. It is (23) that
over 90 billion spam messages are sent each day.
There are various techniques for preventing spam,
(24) the most effective is spam filters. These are
computer programs that automatically scan incoming
email messages and decide which are likely to be
spam. The filters can be set up (25) the program
deletes the spam messages automatically, sends 24.
them to a holding folder for later examination, or A) in contrast
takes some other appropriate action.
B) but

C) moreover

D) otherwise

E) therefore

21.

A) sent out

B) sending out

C) had sent out

D) having sent out

E) was sent out

25.
22.
A) given that
A) that
B) however
B) when
C) as though
C) which
D) so that
D) what
E) on the other hand
E) where

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) published
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) has published

C) may be published
Did the ancestors of modern birds survive (26) they
ate seeds? 66 million years ago an asteroid struck D) had published
Earth and wiped out an estimated 75 percent of life. E) was published
It is an event that infamously (27) the extinction of
the dinosaur. One may wonder: how did the
ancestors of modern-day birds survive when all their
relatives perished? A study which (28) in Current
Biology in 2017 hypothesizes that some birdlike
dinosaurs survived because they had toothless
beaks, and could feed on fire-resistant seeds when
the food sources of most other species (29). For this
study, Derek Larson analyzed more than 3,000
fossilized teeth from birdlike dinosaurs that lived in
western North America (30) the Cretaceous period.

29.

A) ignored

B) served

C) disappeared

D) declared

E) offered
26.

A) or else

B) but

C) unless

D) whereas

E) because

30.
27.
A) during
A) appeared
B) on
B) caused
C) off
C) defeated
D) between
D) shared
E) among
E) called

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 33. The dominance of fossil fuels will remain
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. unchallenged for at least the next four
decades, ---- .

A) as well as a large number of countries

31. Modern estimates suggest that 85 percent of
dependent on renewable energy sources
the universe’s mass is invisible to even the
most powerful telescopes ---- . B) therefore, green policies will play an important
role in our immediate energy needs
A) but evidence about the fate of our galaxy is
limited C) thus, the amount of European power supplied
by renewables is more than that of fossil fuels
B) nd is only detectable through the influence of
its gravity D) even if countries pursue environmental or
energy policies enforced by international
C) so that it simply does not interact with light
agreements
D) where several decades of experiments have
E) now that renewable sources are urgently
proved ineffective
needed for sustainable development
E) following the deduction that several objects
have been used

34. While flowing water has not been directly

32. Although we do not typically think of bacteria
observed on Mars, ---- .
as being capable of sight, ---- .
A) there are signs that it has potentially made
A) antibiotics can kill the good bacteria in the
some brief appearances on the surface
body along with the bad
B) water is not found on the surface or within
B) humans have been wondering about the
rocks and soil in any of its forms
answer to these questions for centuries
C) the scientists who travelled to this continent
C) such detailed studies aim to pay special
concluded that it has large reservoirs of water
attention to the species crisis
D) continued monitoring shows that such activity
D) they started to believe that perhaps the
may be due to chemical processes
signals were not random
E) the initial report from Mariner 4 stated that
E) they have light-responsive proteins that are
these planets never had Earth-like oceans
similar to our own visual system

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

35 ----- , mercury levels in the oceans have 37. -When the brain cells of humans and all other
increased at an alarming rate since the mammals are starved of oxygen, ---- .
Industrial Revolution.
A) they run out of sufficient energy and begin to
A) As tuna is a kind of long-lived predator in the die as a result
oceans
B) biology deals with humans, animals as well as
B) In agreement with global efforts to protect the plants
ecosystem
C) such innovations in the field of science have
C) Due to mining and the burning of fossil fuels become compulsory

D) Even after heavy fishing in the Pacific Ocean D) oxygen level in brain cells plays a vital part in
humans
E) Despite the amount of mercury in fish and
mammals E) such levels depend on age and gender of the
species

36. Scientists have finally established the identity

of a missing element within the Earth’s core, - 38. ‘Erosion’ is a blanket or general term for a
--- . variety of processes ---- .

A) who could help us to better understand how A) therefore, much of the surface rock on Earth
they formed was caused by erosion

B) that strongly argues that the earth orbits the B) but they played a more important role on
sun Earth than on any other planet

C) but the core first separated from the rocky C) if such substances are used to build new
parts of Earth communal structures

D) whose work was needed to confirm the D) that break down or transport rock through the
presence of silicon action of ice, liquid, or gas

E) for which they have been searching for many E) even though the carving of canyons by rivers
decades is an example of erosion

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

39. Producing artificial spider silk has long been 41 ----- , they have the potential to treat many
a dream of many scientists, ---- . different kinds of medical conditions.

A) as long as spiders spin small amounts of silk A) Although experiments have shown that it is
in labs possible to reprogram an adult skin cell

B) but it is still too early for them to expect the B) Even if scientists find ways to recreate the
dream to come true environments in which stem cells grow

C) whereas it is well tolerated when it is C) Though stem cells can be cultured and
implanted in tissues induced to develop into different cell types

D) though such products require plenty of silk for D) Because not every stem cell is beneficial in
large scale production treating diseases in animals

E) because the researchers have a method that E) Since embryonic stem cells can transmute
works properly into any type of tissue

40. Even the simplest life form on Earth has

countless requirements needed to survive, ---- .

A) when the Earth was only 700 million years old

B) it is determined by many environmental

factors

C) such as water, organic materials and energy

D) as planets may have some sources of energy

E) resulting in nature and intelligent life

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 44. Robots are becoming easier to program and
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. more flexible to use, which enables a single
factory to manufacture many different
products.
42. Machine translation systems that convert sign
A) Giderek daha kolay programlanabilir ve daha
language into text help people with hearing
esnek şekilde kullanılabilir robotların ortaya
difficulties.
çıkması sayesinde fabrikalar birçok farklı
A) Duyma zorluğu çeken insanlara yardımcı ürünü imal edebilir.
olması için işaret dilini metne dönüştüren
B) Fabrikaların birçok ürünü imal edebilmesinin
makine çeviri sistemleri geliştirildi.
arkasında, giderek daha kolay
B) İşaret dilini metne dönüştüren makine çeviri programlanabilir ve daha esnek şekilde
sistemleri, duyma zorluğu yaşayan insanlara kullanılabilir hale gelen robotlar vardır.
yardımcı olmaktadır.
C) Bir fabrikanın birçok farklı ürünü imal
C) İşaret dilini metne dönüştürerek duyma edebilmesi, ancak robotların daha kolay
zorluğu yaşayan insanlara yardımcı olan programlanabilir ve daha esnek şekilde
yazılıma makine çeviri sistemi denir. kullanılabilir olmasıyla mümkündür.
D) Makine çeviri sistemleri işaret dilini metne D) Robotlar giderek daha kolay programlanabilir
dönüştürerek duyma zorluğu çeken birçok ve daha esnek şekilde kullanılabilir bir hâle
insana yardım etmektedir. gelmekte, bu da tek bir fabrikanın birçok farklı
ürünü imal etmesine olanak sağlamaktadır.
E) Duyma zorluğu yaşayan insanlara yardımcı
olabilmek için makine çeviri sistemleri metni E) Giderek daha kolay programlanabilir ve daha
işaret diline dönüştürür. esnek şekilde kullanılabilir robotların sayısının
artmasıyla birlikte, tek bir fabrika birçok farklı
ürünü imal edebilir hale gelecektir.
43. The International Space Station is a global
project which proves that different states are
able to work together in space exploration.

A) Farklı devletler bir araya gelerek uzay keşfi

alanında çalışabilir, Uluslararası Uzay
İstasyonu bunun en iyi kanıttır.

B) Farklı devletlerin birlikte çalışarak Uluslararası

Uzay İstasyonu gibi küresel bir proje üretmesi,
uzay çalışmaları açısından önemli bir adımdır.

C) Uluslararası Uzay İstasyonu, farklı devletlerin

uzay keşfinde beraber çalışabildiklerini
kanıtlayan küresel bir projedir.

D) Uluslararası Uzay İstasyonu, birçok devletin

uzay keşfi konusunda beraber çalışmalarını
sağlayan küresel bir projedir.

E) Uzayın keşfi için farklı devletlerin bir araya

gelerek Uluslararası Uzay İstasyonu gibi bir
projeye imza atması büyük başarıdır.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

45. The behavioural changes that take place 46. Today, only billionaires can afford a private
rapidly during the first twelve years of life flight into space, but by 2150 the cost of such
match changes in brain structure that occur a flight will probably be no more than that of a
during that time. first class airline ticket.

A) Yaşamın ilk on-iki yılında hızlı bir şekilde A) Günümüzde, uzaya özel uçakla gitmeye
meydana gelen davranışsal değişimler, bu yalnızca milyarderlerin gücü yetmesine
zaman zarfında beyin yapısında oluşan rağmen, böyle bir uçuşun maliyetinin 2150’ye
değişimlerle uyumludur. kadar birinci sınıf bir uçak biletinden daha
pahalı olmayacağı tahmin ediliyor.
B) Yaşamımızın ilk on-iki yılında beynimizde ve
davranışlarımızda meydana gelen hızlı B) Günümüzde uzaya özel uçuş yapmaya
değişimler birbirinden ayırt edilemeyecek sadece milyarderlerin gücü yetmektedir,
kadar benzerlik gösterirler. ancak böyle bir uçuşun maliyeti 2150’ye kadar
muhtemelen birinci sınıf bir uçak biletinden
C) Yaşamımızın ilk on-iki yılında beynimizde ve
daha fazla olmayacaktır.
davranışlarımızda meydana gelen hızlı
değişimler birbirleriyle uyumlu şekilde gelişir. C) Günümüzde, uzaya özel uçuş
gerçekleştirmeye sadece milyarderlerin gücü
D) Yaşamın ilk yıllarında meydana gelen
yetiyor, ama böyle bir uçuşun maliyetinin
davranışsal değişimler ile bu süreç içinde
2150 yılında birinci sınıf bir uçak biletinden
beyin yapısında oluşan bazı değişimler
ucuz olacağı düşünülmektedir.
arasında benzerlikler mevcuttur.
D) Uzaya özel uçakla gitmek sadece
E) Yaşamın ilk on-iki yılında hızlı bir şekilde
milyarderlere özgü bir ayrıcalıktır, ancak böyle
meydana gelen davranışsal değişimler, bu
bir uçuşun maliyeti 2150’ye kadar birinci sınıf
süreçte beyin yapısında oluşan değişimlere
bir uçak biletiyle aynı olacaktır.
büyük ölçüde uyum gösterir.
E) Geçmişte uzaya özel uçakla gitmeye yalnızca
milyarderlerin gücü yetiyordu, ancak böyle bir
uçuşun maliyeti 2150’ye kadar bir uçak bileti
ücretine denk gelecek şekilde ucuzlayacaktır.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

47. Quantum computers might be more powerful

than traditional computers, but some
applications will require more computing
power than one quantum computer can
provide on its own.

A) Kuantum bilgisayarlar, geleneksel

bilgisayarlardan daha güçlü olsalar bile, bazı
uygulamaların gerektirdiği işlem gücünü tek
başlarına karşılamaları mümkün görünmüyor.

B) Kuantum bilgisayarlar, geleneksel

bilgisayarlardan daha güçlü olacaklardır,
ancak bazı uygulamalar için gerekli olan işlem
gücünü tek başlarına karşılayamazlar.

C) Kuantum bilgisayarlar, geleneksel

bilgisayarlardan daha güçlü olabilirler, ancak
bazı uygulamaların bir kuantum bilgisayarın
tek başına sağlayabileceğinden daha fazla
işlem gücü gerektireceği unutulmamalıdır.

D) Modern bilgisayarlar, geleneksel

bilgisayarlara nazaran daha güçlü olabilirler,
ama yine de bazı uygulamalar için gerekli
olan işlem gücünü tek başına
üretemeyebilirler.

E) Kuantum bilgisayarlar, geleneksel

bilgisayarlardan daha güçlü olabilirler, ancak
bazı uygulamalar bir kuantum bilgisayarın tek
başına sağlayabileceğinden daha fazla işlem
gücü gerektirecektir.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 49. Gözlem verileri birçok galaksinin merkezinde
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. kara deliklerin bulunabileceğini gösteriyor.

A) Data supported by observations show that

there are black holes at the centre of most
48. Evrendeki diğer temel güçlerle
galaxies, if not all.
karşılaştırıldığında oldukça zayıf olmasına
rağmen, yerçekimi evrendeki en devasa B) Observational data indicate that black holes
cisimlerin hareketlerinin arkasındaki itici may exist at the centre of many galaxies.
güçtür.
C) Data based on recent observations suggest
A) Compared to the other fundamental forces in that many galaxies are likely to have black
the universe, gravity is weak, yet it is holes at their centre.
considered to be the driving force behind the
D) There are most probably black holes at the
motions of many objects in the universe.
centre of many galaxies as proved by recent
B) When compared to the other vital forces in the observational data
universe, gravity is the weakest, but it is still
E) According to observational data, it is quite
the driving force behind the motions of the
evident that there are black holes at the
most massive objects in the universe.
centre of most galaxies, if not all.
C) Although it is quite weak compared to the
other fundamental forces in the universe,
gravity is the driving force behind the motions
of the most massive objects in the universe.

D) Gravity is the basic driving force behind the

motions of many massive objects in the
universe despite the fact that it is the weakest
force in the universe. 50. Derhâl müdahale edilmediği takdirde iklim
E) Gravity, admittedly weaker than the other değişikliğinin küresel çapta felaketlere ve
basic forces in the universe, is the driving binlerce ölüme neden olabileceği tahmin
force behind the motions of several massive edilmektedir.
objects in the universe. A) It is estimated that climate change, if not
addressed urgently, may cause disasters and
thousands of deaths globally.

B) It is calculated that climate change will cause

disasters and thousands of deaths if it is not
addressed in the near future.

C) Climate change is thought to cause major

disasters and thousands of deaths even after
the recent measures.

D) Climate change will likely cause some major

disasters and thousands of deaths globally if it
is not tackled properly.

E) Climate change, if not handled appropriately,

is likely to cause major disasters and
thousands of deaths globally.

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

51. Dünyanın başka hiçbir yerinde bulunmayan 53. Bazı tasarımcılar için üretim sürecinde
sayısız türün evi olarak bilinen tropik yağmur yapıtları üzerinde belli bir ölçüde denetime
ormanları, daha önce hiç görülmemiş bir sahip olmaları önemlidir.
hızda yok ediliyor.
A) Retaining a degree of control over their work
A) Tropical rainforests are the home to in the production stage is considered vital by
numerous species found nowhere else in the designers.
world, but they are being destroyed rapidly.
B) According to designers, retaining some
B) Tropical rainforests, which are the home of degree of control over the production process
numerous species existing nowhere else in is really important.
the world, are being saved at an
C) For designers who produce certain works, it is
unprecedented rate.
necessary to retain a degree of control over
C) As tropical rainforests are being destroyed at their work.
an alarming rate, numerous species found
D) It is important for some designers to retain a
nowhere else in the world are becoming
degree of control over their work in the
extinct at an unprecedented rate.
production process.
D) Known to be the home of numerous species
E) Some designers believe that retaining control
found nowhere else in the world, tropical
over their work in the production process is
rainforests are destroyed at an
vital.
unprecedented rate.

E) Although it is known to be the home of

numerous species rarely found in the world,
tropical rainforests are destroyed at an
alarming rate.

52. Bilim insanları, yetersiz petrol ve gaz

kaynaklarına sahip olan ülkelerin,
yenilenebilir enerjiye geçmesini öneriyor.

A) Due to limited oil and gas resources in the

country, scientists strongly recommend a shift
to renewable energy.

B) Scientists recommend that countries with

insufficient oil and gas resources should shift
to renewable energy.

C) The restricted oil and gas resources in the

country forced scientists to propose a rapid
shift to renewable energy.

D) Considering how little oil and gas resources

countries have, scientists recommend a shift
to renewable energy.

E) Since the country has limited oil and gas

resources, scientists propose to use more
renewable energy.

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. High-altitude landscapes are some of the
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere most inhospitable places on Earth. They are
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. cold, dry, and oxygen-poor, which causes
 sleeplessness, fatigue, coughing, confusion,
and a rapid pulse. They were the last places
54. There are many ways to define ‘time’ at a humans settled, yet people did it and
particular location. Here, on Earth, our usual survived. ---- . From the Himalayas to the
system is defined by the motion of the Sun in Andes to the Ethiopian Plateau, people have
the sky. This means that the local time evolved in ways that allow them to live at high
depends on where you are on Earth and we altitude.
get around this complication by having many A) The Himalayas and the Andes attract many
different time zones. Now, we could also climbers looking for adventure
define a similar time system based on the
motion of the Sun as seen from the Moon. B) This was all about our failure to cope with
Such a system exists but it is not much more such an extreme phenomenon
than an interesting exercise in physics. ---- . C) Living at such heights causes hypoxia, a
This is called Universal Time, and it is a condition where tissues cannot get enough
modern form of Greenwich Mean Time. It is oxygen
the same everywhere in the Universe.
D) It is easier to find well-protected remains of
A) What is more useful, however, is a definition ancient empires than ever before due to
of time that does not vary with location technology
B) It is difficult to keep track of time at work due E) The only logical explanation for this is our
to the workload ability to adapt, especially to extreme
C) There have been several unsuccessful environments
attempts to define a brand-new computing
system

D) So, the time on the Moon can never be the

same as the time on Earth

E) Therefore, it will never be possible to

calculate exactly what time it is on the Moon

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

56. Ceres, an unassuming-looking object made of 57. As honeybees develop, they undergo
ice and rock, lies between Mars and Jupiter in metamorphosis. ---- . At the right moment, the
the expanse of the Asteroid Belt. It was first protective wax caps put in place by worker
spotted by Sicilian astronomer Giuseppe bees are removed, revealing the pupae just
Piazzi on 1 January 1801. This 965-kilometre days before they are ready to emerge as fully
diameter ball could just have been considered grown adults. Bees in this stage are pale, as
a dead, grey rock in space. ---- . It has been their outer shells are not yet hardened. When
discovered that it was – and possibly still is – they emerge as adults, their shells can still
an active world that may have had take a few hours to fully harden. This means
cryovolcanoes of the kind that has pretty that very young bees are more or less unable
much disappeared from Earth. to sting.

A) There are also some other mountains on A) The shell of a new born bee is not as hard as
Ceres such as Liberalia and Yamor it is supposed to be

B) Just one solitary peak made of ice, mud and B) The queen bee is not involved in the process
salts, called Ahuna Mons of wax cell production

C) But as NASA’s Dawn spacecraft has recently C) It is a great idea to mark honeybees if you
uncovered, Ceres has been hiding a strange want to follow them
secret
D) Their lifecycle consists of four stages: egg,
D) These planets are not the only bodies larva, pupa, and adult
discovered in our Solar system
E) Young bees, compared to fully grown adults,
E) That is, if it erupts icy materials like water ice, are less dangerous to us
or methane instead of lava

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

58. Late in the twentieth century, evidence of 59. There are objects that are classified neither as
global warming mounted as ice sheets in the stars nor as planets, called ‘brown dwarfs’. ---
Arctic and Antarctic began melting rapidly. - . Brown dwarfs accumulate matter in the
Carbon dioxide levels climbed, and the same way as stars, but fail to attain enough
protective ozone layer shrank. Although Earth mass to ignite hydrogen fusion. Stars can
had experienced cycles of abnormal warmth fuse hydrogen into helium, which can only
and cold even before humans appeared, most occur above a certain temperature and
scientists and some political leaders feared pressure. Thus, objects above this threshold
that human activity was seriously disrupting are stars. Brown dwarfs initially produce heat
the world’s climate. They urged energy by fusing an isotope of hydrogen called
conservation and alternatives to carbon-rich deuterium into helium-3, which occurs at
oil and coal, such as solar and wind power, lower temperatures and lower masses.
hydrogen, and synthetic fuels. ---- .
A) NASA is looking for more information about
A) Like many developed countries, the United the planets’ atmosphere
States, proportionally the world’s largest
B) Thus, more precise measurements will no
energy user, supports cost-efficient projects
longer be needed
B) As a result, 140 nations approved an
C) Such information will also explain the
environmental agreement in 2005, known as
processes that shaped the young Milky Way
the Kyoto Protocols, in order to limit
destructive emissions D) Researchers originally thought that the
system had three planets
C) It has been long known that electric utilities
using fossil fuels produce greater air pollution E) This term was first coined by Jill Tarter of the
than nuclear power plants SETI Institute

D) When the cold war was over, many nations

started scientific space exploration to discover
habitable planets

E) However, one of the major challenges facing

developing countries today is to find sufficient
oil resources

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) An alternative career opportunity for
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü engineers has been offered by Frederick
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. Taylor. (II) He has proposed that engineers
should take over the role of managers in the
governance of companies and that of
60. (I) Such an assumption has not yet been politicians in the governance of society. (III)
tested rigorously for most animal species. (II) This proposal would lead to the establishment
Vertebrates are often marked to facilitate the of a technocracy, that is, government by
identification of free-ranging individual experts. (IV) The role of engineers would,
animals or groups for studies of behaviour, thus, be that of technocrats who, on the basis
population biology, and physiology. (III) of technological insight, do what they
Marked animals provide data for home range consider best for a company or for society.
use, resource selection, social behaviour, and
(V) For instance, being an engineer requires
population estimation. (IV) Markers can be
great responsibility for a number of reasons.
classified into three general categories:
mutilations, tags and bands, and radio A) I
transmitters. (V) The appropriate marking
B) II
technique for a study depends on several
considerations, including study objectives, C) III
target species, marker cost, marker efficacy,
and marker effects on the animals. D) IV

A) I E) V

B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

63. (I) Our food and materials come to us via a

61. (I) An environmentalist, on the other hand, is system that spans the world and whose
someone who actively works to preserve the consequences are mostly concealed from us.
environment from destruction or pollution. (II) (II) On average, food is said to travel more
Environment includes everything that affects than 1,300 miles from where it was grown or
an organism during its lifetime. (III) In turn, all produced to where it is eaten. (III) In such a
organisms, including people, affect many system, there is no conceivable way of
components in their environment. (IV) From a
knowing the human or ecological
human point of view, environmental issues
consequences of eating. (IV) The average
involve concerns about science, nature,
citizen of the United States now uses some
health, employment, profit, law, politics,
ethics, fine arts, and economics. (V) 186,000 calories of energy each day. (V) Nor
Therefore, environmental science is by its can we know the full cost of virtually food that
nature a multidisciplinary field. we purchase or discard.

A) I A) I

B) II B) II
C) III C) III
D) IV D) IV
E) V E) V

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

65. (I) Dinosaurs were ‘born’ officially in 1842. (II)

They were all land-living animals, which
64. (I) ENIAC, the first electronic computer, was
poses particular problems. (III) They owe their
completed in 1945 at the University of
birth to the work of the British anatomist
Pennsylvania under a military contract. (II)
Richard Owen, whose work had concentrated
Engineer J. Presper Eckert and physicist
upon the unique nature of some extinct fossil
John W. Mauchly’s enormous device was
reptiles. (IV) At the time of Owen’s review, he
powered by 18,000 vacuum tubes and
was working on a surprisingly large collection
performed 5,000 calculations per second. (III)
of fossil bones and teeth that had been
While computers allegedly reduce paper
discovered up to that time and were scattered
documents, new copying and printing
around the British Isles. (V) Although the birth
technologies only increase the flood. (IV)
of dinosaurs was relatively inauspicious, they
Hungarian refugee John von Neumann soon
were soon to become the centre of worldwide
after developed what became the basic
attention.
architecture of computer systems. (V) The
invention of transistors by lab scientists at A) I
Bell Laboratories in 1948 eventually
B) II
eliminated clumsy vacuum tubes and paved
the way for microchips. C) III

A) I D) IV

B) II E) V

C) III

D) IV

E) V

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. It is clear from the text that farmers ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) are against the use of the Photonic Fence in
farming

Farmers are under pressure to reduce chemical B) are not allowed to use any chemical
pesticides and their ability to do so will be aided by pesticides in farming
the news that the U.S. Department of Agriculture is C) will continue using pesticide as it is cheaper
about to start trialling a device that can kill insects
with a laser. Developed by an American company, D) are expected to decrease the amounts of
the ‘Photonic Fence’ is not really a fence at all, but a chemical pesticides they use
small box containing lasers, cameras and an Artificial E) will not be able to afford the Photonic Fence
Intelligence (AI) computer system. The cameras scan at the moment
the air around the device for 100 metres, and the AI
system measures the shape, speed and acceleration
frequency of any bugs detected to establish which
are potentially harmful. Any insects identified as a
threat can then be zapped by the lasers, with a ‘kill
rate’ of up to 20 insects per second. By deploying
several such devices, farmers could effectively
create a virtual fence around their crops that kills
harmful pests but leaves bees and other beneficial or
harmless insects untouched. The U.S. trials will
begin soon. If the device is proven to work, then the
company hopes to bring a commercial product to
market, though that will still be some years away.

68. The text is mainly about ---- .

66. We understand from the text that the
A) a new device which aims to destroy harmful
‘Photonic Fence’ ---- .
insects via laser technology
A) has not been mass produced yet
B) the reasons why most American farmers have
B) removes all types of insects on farms recently stopped using pesticides
C) may not be effective since it only kills a few C) how a company devised the ‘Photonic Fence’
insects to save harmful pests
D) is a box which looks like a real fence D) the technical challenges of designing the
‘Photonic Fence’ experienced by scientists
E) will certainly be a waste of money due to its
high cost E) methods of distinguishing harmful pests from
beneficial ones in farming

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. It is understood from the text that Von Braun -
cevaplayınız. --- .

A) had no interest in science when he was a little

child
Wernher von Braun is famous for being the creator of
the space program that made it possible to put the B) joined Hitler’s party to improve his military
first person on the moon on July 20, 1969. He grew skills
up in Germany. From an early age he was fascinated
C) spent most of his childhood in America
by rocket technology and was involved in developing
rockets for the German army in the 1930s. In 1937, D) sabotaged the V2 rocket program to help the
he joined Hitler’s National Socialist Party, about U.S. in the war
which he later stated: “My refusal to join the party E) decided to work for the Americans together
would have meant that I would have had to abandon with his team
the work of my life. Therefore, I decided to join”. In
1943, it was claimed that he sabotaged the V2 rocket
program, and was arrested by the Nazis. Later,
however, he was released. In 1945, he realized that
the Germans were going to lose the war, and
arranged for his team to be handed over to the
Americans. In the U.S., Von Braun originally worked
on the development of rockets for military purposes.
His dream came true by playing a key role in the
space travel program. Von Braun’s big dream did
therefore ultimately come true.

71. The text is mainly about ---- .

69. According to the text, Von Braun joined A) scientists who played an active role in military
Hitler’s party ---- . operations

A) to be able to get enough information about the B) the role of science and scientists in the
rocket programs of other nations Second World War

B) in order to continue his career in rocket C) the determination of Von Braun to fulfil his life-
technology long dream

C) because his refusal would lead to his family’s D) Von Braun’s teenage enthusiasm for rocket
arrest design

D) since he was the only person with profound E) how the U.S. became victorious in the Second
knowledge of the moon World War

E) to get permission from Hitler to work for both

Germany and the U.S.

ʹʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. It can be clearly understood from the text that
cevaplayınız. ---- .

A) environment is the only variable affecting the

intelligence level
‘Heritability’ is a measure of the relative importance
of genes in determining variation in qualitative traits B) there is no simple causal relationship between
among individuals. However, the calculated IQ and race
heritability value is unique to the population in which C) the heritability value of IQ is constant for all
it was measured and to the environment of that populations and cultures
population. The specificity of heritability means that
we should be very cautious when using heritability to D) white Americans scored lower than African-
measure the general importance of genes to the Americans in the IQ test
development of a trait. A famous misapplication of E) Herrnstein and Murray have rejected using IQ
heritability comes from the book The Bell Curve, by scores in their research
Charles Herrnstein and Richard Murray, published in
1994. In this book, the authors report that IQ scores
differ among subpopulations in the United States.
Among white Americans, IQ averages are around
100 while among African-American populations, IQ
averages are nearly 15 points lower. Using a
conservative estimate of the heritability of
intelligence, they argued that the IQ differences
between whites and blacks are primarily due to a
genetic difference in intelligence between these
groups. However, on closer look, we can see that
Herrnstein and Murray’s conclusion is flawed. These
differences could be entirely due to environment.
Given the history and current social and economic
status of African-Americans in the United States, it is
certainly possible that their environment is less
enriched than the average environment experienced
by a white individual.

74. The text is mainly about ---- .

72. According to the text, Herrnstein and A) the high living standards of African-Americans
Murray’s research ---- .
B) the different editions of a book on IQ scores
A) is flawless in terms of methods applied titled The Bell Curve

B) is the best work on IQ up to date C) IQ levels of African-Americans living in the

United States
C) is questionable due to a mistake in application
of heritability D) a comparative study of IQ scores between
two groups in Africa
D) was published in the first half of the twentieth
century E) a well-known misapplication of heritability in
IQ testing
E) deals with environmental problems

ʹ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 76. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in
cevaplayınız. the text as a factor that affects crop growth?

A) Fluctuations in temperature

B) The taste of fruits

In addition to temperature, other factors such as the
availability of water, prevalence of high winds, and C) Existence of sufficient water
the duration and intensity of sunlight also limit the
D) Pollination agents like honeybees
geographical areas in which various crops can be
grown. However, as far as getting the best crop is E) Successful pollen germination
concerned, even when fruit trees have bloomed
satisfactorily, temperature can be a determinant of
whether a good crop will be harvested. Most
deciduous fruits need pollination, which is normally
done by honeybees. If the temperature is not right,
the bees just quit flying, and that can mean a very
poor crop indeed. Even if the bees fly and pollen is
spread, the pollen must germinate and the pollen
tube grow down to the ovule, a process that can be
severely restricted by unseasonably low
temperatures. And even when pollination has been
successful, the growth of individual grape berries
(botanically, grapes are berries) can be restricted by
both too high and too low temperatures.

77. The text is mainly about ---- .

75. It is clear from the text that ---- .
A) the significant role of temperature in growing
A) the success of the pollination process good crops
depends solely on the quality of the plant
B) the role of temperature on the post-harvest
B) inadequate sunlight can be disregarded when process
trees have bloomed satisfactorily
C) adaptation of pollination in other fields of
C) crops may not fully develop unless study
temperatures are suitable
D) the difficulty in detecting honey bees
D) the development of deciduous fruits is
induced by pollination without bees E) factors behind the crop variety in some
regions
E) new drug tests must be conducted on certain
plants

ʹͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. It is clear from the text that ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) electricity production in a fusion reactor is
more time-consuming than other power plants

Fusion energy almost sounds too good to be true B) coal-fired plants will produce less energy if
because of zero greenhouse gas emissions, no long- fusion plants are operational
lived radioactive waste, and nearly unlimited fuel C) the number of coal-fired power plants is
supply. Yet, fusion power designs are not cheap declining due to fusion reactors in use
enough to outperform systems that use fossil fuels
such as coal and natural gas. However, University of D) when in use, the fusion power plant will not
Washington engineers hope to change that. They release any harmful gases
have designed a concept for a fusion reactor that, E) fusion reactors and fossil-fuelled power plants
when scaled up to the size of a large electrical power can both be turned into self-sustaining energy
plant, would rival costs for a new coal-fired plant with sources
similar electrical output. The design builds on
existing technology and creates a magnetic field
within a closed space to hold plasma in place long
enough for fusion to occur, allowing the hot plasma
to react and burn. The reactor itself would be largely
self-sustaining, meaning it would continuously heat
the plasma to maintain thermonuclear conditions.
Heat generated from the reactor would heat up a
coolant that is used to spin a turbine and generate
electricity, similar to how a typical power plant works.

78. It is clear from the text that ---- .

A) engineers have succeeded in making current

80. The text mainly deals with ---- .
energy systems more environmentally friendly
A) various cost-efficient means of producing
B) a fusion reactor can produce much more
energy
power than present plants
B) existing fusion power plants and their benefits
C) for the time being, the cost of fusion energy
design is too high to be used widely C) research on future plants run by fossil fuels
D) the fusion power plant design is based D) the cost of fusion power plants and coal-fired
entirely on new technology plants
E) a cheaper way to produce energy from fossil E) a prospective fusion reactor design with great
fuels is under way potential

ʹͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL İLKBAHAR 2018 FEN SORULARI 

A GRUBU CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

C D B A C E D C D A E B D C E D A B E D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

A A C B D E B E C A B E D A C E A D B C

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

E B C D A B E C B A D B D A E C D B E A

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

A E D C B A D A B E C C B E C B A C D E

ʹ͸
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART
2019
SOSYAL SORULARI
www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan 4. Users generally regard their profiles ----- social
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi networking sites as a form ----- self-
bulunuz. expression, but for marketing companies,
 they only have commercial value.

A) from / at
1. In the past, there were some economists who
believed advertising was ineffective; ----- , they B) over / on
regarded it as a waste of time and resources. C) with / by
A) however D) into / in
B) such as E) on / of
C) nevertheless

D) instead

E) therefore

5. In today’s world, the wheel is ----- significant

and indispensable ---- it is hard to imagine
living without it.
2. Psychology emerged as a field of study ----
the late 19th century, when Wilhelm Wundt A) so / that
founded the first laboratory to conduct B) rather / that
psychological research.
C) such / that
A) while
D) either / or
B) during
E) as / as
C) since

D) between

E) for

6. The main criteria used in specifying ethnic

3. Traditional arts and crafts are----- the heritage groups are common behavior patterns, diet
and symbols of valuable wealth left by our and dress ---- a shared history.
ancestors ---- an important link in the
continuous development of culture. A) but

A) less / than B) despite

B) neither / nor C) unless

C) not only / but also D) as well as

D) such / that E) though

E) instead / of

͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

7. A recent study has shown that people may 11. The Cyrillic alphabet originally had 43 letters,
remember the same event differently, the majority of which appear to have been ---
depending on ----- they process it in their the Greek scripts of the time.
memory.
A) looked into
A) whose
B) turned down
B) whom
C) derived from
C) how
D) taken away
D) that
E) divided into
E) what

8. The name “labyrinth” was given by the

ancient Greeks and Romans to buildings,
entirely or ---- underground, with passages.

A) globally

B) quickly 12. Lifestyles that ---- to be marginal in the past---

- less unusual and increasingly common in
C) lately
the present world.
D) socially
A) were considered / are becoming
E) partly
B) are considered / have been becoming

C) have been considered / had become

9. Throughout the 18th century, some important
D) might be considered / used to become
composers tried to popularize their music by
making it more --- to the general public. E) must be considered / will become

A) rare

B) accessible

C) complete

D) foreign

10. In 1793, the Louvre---- as a public museum in 13. Technology makes it possible for companies
France, and, the next year, the French painter to enormous amounts of data on the
Louis David----- as its director. possible partners they will work with.

A) had been opened / has been appointed A) approve

B) could be opened / is appointed B) perform

C) might be opened / may be appointed C) decide

D) was opened / was appointed D) happen

E) has been opened / had been appointed E) collect

Ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

14. The rise of Japan into the ranks of the 17. When entrepreneurs in the early 20th century
industrial powers in the 20th century first ----- to record moving pictures of real-life
surprised everyone ----- it had no iron ore and events, people ----- to call this new type of
very little coal. storytelling documentaries.

A) if only A) began / started

B) were beginning / start
B) because
C) have begun / were starting
C) yet
D) had begun / have started
D) so that
E) begin / had started
E) just as

18. In the United States, readers appreciate a

direct ---- , which means when you express
your point as openly as possible, you show
that you value your readers’ time.
15 ----- public interest in exercise is generally A) safety
thought to have increased over the last 30
years, it is reported that only 27% of adults do B) approach
exercise regularly. C) mystery
A) Now that D) ambition
B) As long as E) memory

C) Provided

D) While 19. Users who are part of the same ‘‘network’’

may view one another’s profiles ----- a profile
E) Unless owner has decided to deny permission to
those in his or her network.
A) as long as
B) when
C) if
D) just as
E) unless
16. The earliest civilizations did not arise in fertile
rain-watered lands; ----- , they began in dry
regions, where water came from a river or a 20. According to art historians, the Japanese
lake. visual arts ----- by three major factors: Chinese
visual arts, indigenous traditions, and
A) despite Buddhist iconography.
B) therefore A) had influenced
C) on the contrary B) are influencing
D) likewise C) were influencing

E) as well as D) have been influenced

E) have influenced

ͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) if
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
 B) as soon as

C) once
Part of listening to what others are saying (21)
observing how they say it. Even when we say D) though
nothing, our bodies talk; sometimes they even shout. E) while
Research shows that more than half of what we
communicate (22) through our body language rather
than our words. Therefore, we must also become
aware of body language, facial expressions, and
tone of voice (23) we do not wish to create a wrong
impression. These should match what we say in
words; (24), we might end up sending mixed
messages and creating more misunderstandings.
For example, as long as you want to make an
assertive statement, you (25) what the other person
is thinking and keep your expression friendly.
24.

A) similarly

B) consequently

C) otherwise

D) besides

21. E) moreover

A) includes

B) raises

C) appears

D) grows

E) controls

25.
22.
A) should have guessed
A) conveys
B) would guess
B) is conveyed
C) have guessed
C) was conveyed
D) had better guess
D) has conveyed
E) could be guessing
E) is conveying

͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya A) yet
da ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) for instance

C) however
Like many English novelists, George Eliot (26) to
novel writing relatively late in life. She was forty (27) D) such as
her first novel, Adam Bede, was published in 1859. E) therefore
The lives of her characters are, (28), viewed from this
well-developed perspective and extensive
experience. This point of view was emphasized by
her practice of setting her stories back in time, to the
period of her own childhood, or even (29). In most of
her novels, she draws a preindustrial rural scene or
the small-town life of the English Midlands, (30) she
sees with a combination of nostalgia and candid
awareness of its limitations.

29.

A) as early as

B) early enough

C) much earlier

D) earlier than
26. E) so early as
A) came

B) has come

C) might come

D) comes

E) is coming

27. 30.
A) until A) whose
B) when B) what
C) even if C) who
D) after D) when
E) whereas E) which

͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 33 , in opposition to the notorious uncertainty

şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. of the Symbolist movement.

A) Acmeism was a significant movement in the
early 20th century, aiming for precision and
31. The Eastern Roman Empire, or the Byzantine clarity
Empire, flourished until 1453, ---- . B) Anna Akhmatova’s early work was perceived
A) whether the empire had been split into two at as exemplary of the new movement,
Symbolism
this time or not
C) The Symbolists were a group of Russian
B) that today’s England was then dominated by poets, many of whose works were published
Angles and Saxons in “Apollon”
C) even though historians marked it as the D) The Acmeist movement did not last very long,
beginning of a new age but it included some distinguished Russian
poets
D) but it did not make many significant territorial
gains in Europe E) For the Acmeists, a poet was no longer a
prophet or a theurgist, but a craftsman or a
E) although it took control of not just art but also master
education
34 , but children need space to learn and
grow on their own, too.
A) Parents can help their children learn to
identify and solve their problems themselves
B) Children who cannot regulate their emotions
are more likely to have a harder time making
friends
C) Educating the people who will be parents is a
significant starting point for beginning a family
D) Over-controlling parents can negatively affect
a child’s ability to manage his or her emotions
E) It is natural for parents to do whatever they
32 , governments may or may not establish a can to keep their children safe and healthy
dedicated ministry for tourism policies.

A) While spreading the benefits of tourism fairly 35. In order to perform satisfactorily in the
among all the stakeholders classroom and provide high-quality
education, ---- .
B) Depending upon the extent of tourism’s
economic and political significance A) the students’ families have more urgent
expenses, like housing and transportation
C) If they had maximized the potential of tourism
as a source of income B) there has not been effective support for
raising the quality of the workforce
D) Providing public goods, such as street
C) educators must receive appropriate ongoing
lighting, and merit goods, like art galleries support and professional development
E) Unless they get the statistics required to D) the present workforce in the education system
monitor economic activity is having financial troubles
E) many children have no access to high-quality
services in their environment

ͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

36. Despite profound differences in their morals 39. Each year, governments create a budget to
and ideas, ---- . determine ---- .

A) these forms of cultural exchanges might A) since recycling should be supported to

cause bigger problems encourage less pollution

B) the Spanish and the Aztecs were similar in B) as long as the budget designates which public
their cultural aspects goods to produce

C) in 1519, the Spanish conquers landed on the C) which includes social security, welfare, and
coast of Veracruz other social programs

D) the gap between the Aztecs and the D) how much money they will spend in the
Europeans was huge upcoming year

E) these peoples had had so little contact that E) although the taxes support programs that help
they were alien to one another people with low incomes

37. In addition to its more common forms such as 40. Little is known about Marco Polo’s early life,--
smoking and alcohol, ---- . -- .

A) scientists are looking for new ways to treat A) moreover, the merchants of the day traded
addictive behavior throughout the Mediterranean region

B) the behavior of addicts leads to their B) since his travels and experiences in China
neglecting other areas of their lives increased interest in Asian trade

C) that kind of addiction is about five times more C) because his own account of his travels is the
common in men than women only source of information on him

D) addiction has also been linked with food, and D) so he was born in Venice, the most important
even relationships center of trade in medieval Europe

E) substance abuse is among the major E) if he had received a typical education for
psychological disorders on the list children of merchants at that time

38. Despite revolutionary developments in

digitized technology, particularly in the visual
41 ----- because of his musical gifts as a pianist
arts, ---- .
and as a composer.
A) traditional works of art have continued to be
A) The Marriage of Figaro, a piece composed by
highly valued by the international art market
Mozart, was first performed that year
B) postmodern art was motivated by a need to
B) Mozart’s works were catalogued
connect with broader human concerns
chronologically by Ludwig von Köchel
C) the experience, ownership, and use of art are
C) During the last years of his life, Mozart had
no longer limited to a social elite
difficulties handling financial issues
D) digital photography and photographic
D) Many composers like Mozart were dissatisfied
montage were widely applied by many
with the low pay
E) the issue of gender has been ignored in the
E) As a child prodigy, Mozart became widely
discussion about artistic production
regarded as a miracle of nature

ͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 43. When families cannot care for their children,
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. states have the authority to provide care for
the children.

A) Aileler çocuklarına bakamadıklarında,

42. The United Kingdom must continue to abide
devletler bu çocuklar için bakım sağlama
by European Union laws and treaties until its
yetkisine sahiptir.
obligations as a member state have ended.
B) Aileler çocuklarına bakamazlarsa, devlete bu
A) Birleşik Krallık, Avrupa Birliği kanun ve
çocuklar için bakım sağlama yetkisi verilebilir.
anlaşmalarına bağlı kalmaya devam etmelidir,
çünkü üye devlet olarak yükümlülükleri hâlâ C) Aileler çocuklarına bakmadıklarında,
devam ediyor. devletlerin yetkili birimleri, o çocuklara bakım
sağlayabilir.
B) Birleşik Krallık, üye devlet olarak
yükümlülükleri sona erene kadar Avrupa D) Devletin, ailesi olmayan çocuklara bakım
Birliği kanun ve anlaşmalarına bağlı kalmaya sağlama yetkisini kullanma hakkı
devam etmelidir. bulunmaktadır.

C) Avrupa Birliği üyesi olan Birleşik Krallık, üye E) Devletin, aileleri tarafından bakılmayan
devlet statüsü sona erene kadar, tüm kanun çocuklar için sürekli bakım sağlama yetkisi
ve anlaşmalara bağlı kalmaya devam vardır.
etmelidir.

D) Birleşik Krallık, Avrupa Birliği’ndeki üye devlet

statüsü sona erene kadar, kanun ve
anlaşmalardan kaynaklanan tüm
sorumluluklarını yerine getirmelidir.

E) Birleşik Krallık, üye devlet olarak 44. At the height of their power, the Aztecs
yükümlülükleri sona erene kadar Avrupa controlled a region stretching from the Gulf of
Birliği’nin kanun ve anlaşmalarına bağlı Mexico to Guatemala.
kalmalıdır.
A) Güçlerinin zirvesindeyken Aztekler, Meksika
Körfezi’nden Guatemala’ya uzanan bölgeyi
tamamen kontrol edebiliyorlardı.

B) Aztekler, güçlü oldukları zamanlarda, Meksika

ile Guatemala arasında kalan bölgeyi kontrol
ediyorlardı.

C) Güçlü oldukları zamanlarda Aztekler, Meksika

Körfezi ve Guatemala gibi bölgeleri kontrol
edebilmişlerdir.

D) Meksika Körfezi’nden Guatemala’ya uzanan

bir bölgeyi kontrol eden Aztekler, güçlerinin
zirvesine bu dönemde ulaşmıştır.

E) Güçlerinin zirvesindeyken, Aztekler Meksika

Körfezi’nden Guatemala’ya kadar uzanan bir
bölgeyi kontrol etmişlerdir.

ͳͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

45. Canal houses in Amsterdam were often built 46. Although the topic of lying has received the
with a certain tilt, to allow goods to be carried attention of researchers, there is relatively
to the attic without crashing against the less investigation into this behavior in
windows. children.

A) Eşyaların çatı katına pencerelere çarpmadan A) Bugüne kadar yalan söyleme konusu
taşınmasını sağlamak için Amsterdam’da hakkında birçok bilimsel araştırma
evler öne doğru bir eğimle yapılırdı. yapılmasına rağmen, çocuklar üzerine fazla
yoğunlaşılmamıştır.
B) Amsterdam’daki kanal evleri, eşyaların üst
katlara ya da çatı katına pencerelere B) Bugüne kadar yalan söyleme konusu
çarpmadan taşınmasını sağlamak için öne hakkında birçok bilimsel araştırma yapılmıştır;
doğru bir eğimle yapılır. ancak bu davranışın çocuklar üzerindeki
etkileri araştırılmamıştır.
C) Amsterdam’daki kanal evleri, eşyaların çatı
katına pencerelere çarpmadan taşınmasını C) Yalan söyleme konusu, uzun zamandır
sağlamak için genellikle öne doğru belli bir araştırmacıların dikkatini çekmektedir; ancak,
eğimle yapılırdı. çocuklardaki bu davranış üzerine az araştırma
yapılmıştır.
D) Amsterdam’ın ünlü kanal evleri, eşyaların
pencerelere çarpmadan taşınmasını D) Yalan söyleme konusu araştırmacıların
sağlamak için öne doğru belli bir eğimle dikkatini çekmesine rağmen, çocuklardaki bu
yapılırdı. davranış üzerine görece daha az araştırma
vardır.
E) Amsterdam’daki kanal evleri öne doğru belli
bir eğimle yapılır; böylelikle eşyaların çatı E) Araştırmacıların oldukça dikkatini çeken yalan
katına kolay bir şekilde taşınması sağlanır. söyleme konusu, çocuklar üzerinde şu ana
kadar daha az araştırılıp incelenmiştir.

47. Because China’s nuclear-power industry is

centrally run, the authorities are able to keep
tight control over safety measures.

A) Güvenlik önlemlerini sıkı tutabilen Çinli

yetkililer, nükleer enerji endüstrisini yıllardır
merkezden yönetiyorlar.

B) Çin’in nükleer enerji endüstrisi merkezden

yönetildiği için, yetkililer güvenlik önlemlerini
sıkı tutabiliyorlar.

C) Merkezden yönetilen Çin’in nükleer enerji

endüstrisinin güvenliği hükümet tarafından
sağlanmaktadır.

D) Çin’de merkezden yönetilen nükleer enerji

endüstrisinin güvenlik önlemlerini sıkı tutmak
zor olmuyor.

E) Çin’in nükleer enerji endüstrisini merkezden

yönetebilmek için, yetkililer güvenlik
önlemlerini sıkı tutuyorlar.

ͳͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 50. Asur sarayı, sadece kraliyet ikametgâhı değil,
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. aynı zamanda imparatorluğun gücünün ve
yenilmezliğinin görünür bir ifadesiydi.
A) An Assyrian palace was not only a royal
48. Toprak reformunun en önemli amacı feodal residence but also a visible expression of the
toprak sahipliğini, toprağı olmayan köylülere power due to its indestructibility.
toprağı yeniden pay ederek ortadan
kaldırmaktı. B) An Assyrian palace was a royal residence
since it was a visible expression of the power
A) One of the most significant objectives of land and indestructibility of the empire.
reform was to give free land to landless
C) An Assyrian palace was considered to be
peasants by abolishing feudal landownership.
both a royal residence and a visible
B) Landless peasants demand land reform from expression of the power and indestructibility
politicians, which aims to abolish feudal forms of the empire.
of landownership forever. D) An Assyrian palace was more than a royal
C) The most significant objective of land reform residence as it was a visible expression of the
was to abolish feudal landownership by power and indestructibility of the empire.
redistributing land to landless peasants. E) An Assyrian palace was not only a royal
D) The key objective of land reform was to residence but also a visible expression of the
abolish feudal ownership instead of power and indestructibility of the empire.
redistributing land to landless peasants.

E) The most significant objective of land reform 51. Her bir müzenin misyonu farklıdır; bulunduğu
was to redistribute certain lands to peasants yer ve kapsadığı tarihsel dönem, müzenin
by abolishing feudal landownership. yapısını ve içeriğini belirler.

A) Museums have different missions; the country

where it is situated and its historical period
49. İlk medeniyetler geliştikçe, insanlar ateşi silah
should define the structure and content of the
ve evlerini aydınlatmanın bir yolu olarak museum.
kullanmaya başlamışlardır.
B) The mission of each museum is different; the
A) As early civilizations advanced, fire was place where it is situated and the historical
widely used by people as a weapon and as a period that it covers define the structure and
way of lighting their homes. content of the museum.
B) Early civilizations advanced significantly as C) The mission of a museum should be different;
they made use of fire as a weapon and as a the structure and content of the museum
way of lighting their homes. should be shaped by where it is situated and
the historical period it covers.
C) As a result of using fire as a weapon and as a
way of lighting their homes, early civilizations D) The mission of each museum may be
started to advance. different; the place where it is situated and
every historical period it covers all define the
D) As early civilizations advanced, people started structure and content of the museum.
to make use of fire as a weapon and as a way
of lighting their homes. E) The place where a museum is situated and
the historical period it covers define the
E) In order for early civilizations to advance, structure of the museum, which makes it quite
people had to use fire as a weapon and as a different from other ones.
way of lighting their homes.

ͳʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

52. Uçağın icat edildiği 1903 yılından bu yana, 53. Uzaktan öğrenime artan ilgi, neredeyse her
hava ulaşımı turizm endüstrisinin en önemli konuda günün 24 saati destek sunan pek çok
sektörlerinden biri olmuştur. şirketle devasa bir çevrimiçi destek endüstrisi
oluşturmuştur.
A) Since 1903, when the aircraft was invented,
air transport has been one of the most A) Increasing interest in distance learning has
important sectors of the tourism industry. formed an online support industry, with
companies using 24-hour-a-day assistance
B) The aircraft was invented in 1903; since then,
services in every subject.
air transport has become a very important
sector of the tourism industry. B) Many online companies offering assistance
almost 24 hours a day in every subject area
C) Since the invention of the aircraft in 1903, air
are mainly due to increasing interest in
transport has always been considered to be
distance learning.
an important sector of the tourism industry.
C) Since many companies are offering 24-hour-
D) Since the invention of aircraft in 1903, air
a-day assistance in almost every subject,
transport has been considered one of the
distance learning has developed a huge
most important sectors of the tourism
online support industry.
industry.
D) The online support in distance learning can be
E) Air transport, which has been an important
seen as a huge industry, with many
sector since 1903, has contributed a lot to
companies offering 24-hour-a-day
tourism industry.
assistance in every subject.

E) Increasing interest in distance learning has

formed a huge online support industry, with
many companies offering 24-hour-a-day
assistance in almost every subject.

ͳ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü 55. The functions of leadership can vary
sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere significantly. An instrumental leader, for
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. instance, is one who is goal-oriented and
largely concerned with accomplishing set
tasks. We can assume that an army general
54. With the increase in the number of advertisers would be an instrumental leader. ---- . The
and advertising media over time, it has leaders of charity organizations and social
become harder for individual advertisers to service programmes are often considered this
get and keep our attention. ---- . For example, type of leader.
a 30-second online advertisement today may
A) These directors of youth homes have long
consist of a series of 20 to 30 different
tried hard to meet young people’s demands
images. However, a television advertisement
from the early 1960s generally consisted of B) Such leaders, on the other hand, are not into
exactly one shot and would seem dull and accomplishing set tasks
boring to viewers today.
C) In contrast, there is a longstanding stereotype
A) This is why they are constantly looking for that men are leaders that are more
new ways to get us to buy their products and instrumental
services
D) Expressive leaders, on the other hand, are
B) Moreover, large advertisers typically have more interested in improving emotional
employees who supervise the marketing strength
functions of the firm
E) They allow group members to self-manage
C) Similarly, all online agencies are supposed to and make their own decisions
hire professionals to compete with others

D) New media also provide new opportunities for

advertisers to identify different segments of
consumers

E) However, commercial artists design the look

of advertisements and choose the type of
lettering

ͳͶ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

56. Making decisions about the ethics of research 57. Empiricism is a philosophical theory that
involves weighing the costs and benefits of claims that all knowledge grows from
conducting versus not conducting a project. experience. ---- . Before these two influential
The costs involve potential harm to the figures, a different theory of knowledge called
research participants and to the field, rationalism had dominated seventeenth
whereas the benefits include the potential for century intellectuals. This theory suggested
advancing knowledge about human behavior that people can uncover truths about the
and offering various advantages to the world solely by utilizing their ability to think
individual participants. Most generally, the and reason.
ethics of a given research project are
A) The works of John Locke and Isaac Newton
determined through a cost-benefit analysis, in
provided one of the intellectual building blocks
which the costs are compared to the benefits.
of this theory
---- . Then, the research is considered
“unethical,” and, therefore, should not B) As well as other factors involved, this theory is
proceed. likely to completely eliminate rationalism

A) What is ethical is defined by the current state C) For instance, some scientists claimed that
of thinking and evaluating within society rationalism was a new way of searching for
new clues
B) The harm done by a given research study
may not be as dangerous as previously D) According to rationalists, it always works with
thought information obtained by analyzing thoughts

C) The potential costs of the research could E) Newton adapted empiricism to the needs of
outweigh any potential benefits that might scientific investigation of his time
come from it

D) The Institutional Review Board is a committee

whose goal it is to determine the cost-benefit
ratio

E) A set of principles has been developed for

researchers to help them make precise
decisions

ͳͷ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

58. ---- . In some of them, the pictures were 59. Technological development has often had a
arranged according to schools or artistic significant impact on the way in which media
circles. Other collections were arranged products are both produced and consumed. --
thematically. One wall of the entrance hall of -- . Similarly, alternative sources of news such
the Galleria Uffizi in Florence, for example, as the Internet have led to a decline in the
has been densely filled with portraits since readership of mass circulation newspapers.
1753. In some cases, paintings were simply But that is not all. Record companies have
organized according to the size of the canvas seen a reduction in sales as music fans find
or hung where space was available when they access to music through the Internet.
were acquired by the museum.
A) In addition, television is beginning to take on
A) Many important works of Western literature many of the properties of a computer
aim to reflect the daily lives of their time and
B) As a result, digital media represent significant
the way people were educated
changes to analog technology; one of these is
B) There were different organizational models for interactivity
the presentation of pictures in the art galleries
C) For example, the introduction of television
of the 19th century
clearly reduced the number of radio listeners
C) Today, pictures exhibited in many European
D) By including a modem in a satellite receiver,
art galleries often date back to as early as the
viewers are able to order films and other
first and second centuries
products online
D) The last two centuries have seen an ongoing
E) The video recorders of the 1980s were not
revolution in imaging technologies, from
very popular among the elderly
lithography to the Internet

E) A picture is a two-dimensional surface that

depicts a scene by virtue of the way its
surface is marked and colored

ͳ͸
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) The women’s movement has often been
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü called one of the most important social
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. movements. (II) Its most basic goals are to
improve women’s social, economic, and
political conditions. (III) Various movements
60. (I) In the beginning, the study of folklore was played an important part in reshaping a
limited to the songs and stories of oral cultural society. (IV) Introducing new ideas to
traditions. (II) However, it soon began to public discourse and exerting pressure on
include all popular customs, arts and policymakers are the main goals of this
traditions. (III) Such a comprehensive study movement. (V) Beyond these basic features,
presented many problems. (IV) The term however, there is considerable diversity
“folklore” combines the words folk (people) among specific women’s movements around
and lore (tradition) to indicate popular the world.
traditions and their study. (V) One of these A) I
problems was finding a criterion to define the
object of study. B) II

A) I C) III

B) II D) IV

C) III E) V

D) IV

E) V

61. (I) Bertrand Russell’s greatest contributions 63. (I) The systematic study of ancient Egypt
lie in the technical fields of logic and began with the Napoleonic expedition to
philosophy. (II) Philosophers use techniques Egypt in 1798. (II) Accompanying Napoleon
and ideas developed from his work without Bonaparte’s invading army was a group of
feeling the need to mention his name. (III) In scholars who recorded ancient Egyptian
this way, he is a far more significant monuments. (III) But a synthesis of all forms
contributor to philosophy than his pupil of evidence is needed in order to better
Ludwig Wittgenstein. (IV) Russell’s bad understand other ancient civilizations. (IV)
reputation was chiefly the product of his Systematic excavations in Egypt, however,
engagement in social and political did not really begin until the late nineteenth
controversy. (V) Philosophy learned some century, with the work of William Matthew
valuable lessons from Wittgenstein, but from Flinders Petrie. (V) Previous to Petrie’s work
Russell it acquired an entire framework, in Egypt, excavators had mainly been
constituting what is now called analytic interested in sending ancient art and texts
philosophy. back to museums and collectors in Europe.

A) I A) I

B) II B) II

C) III C) III

D) IV D) IV

E) V E) V

ͳ͹
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

64. (I) Perhaps the school of psychology that is 65. (I) In classical Greek, “mythos” means any
most familiar to the general public is the story or plot, whether true or fictional. (II) In
psychodynamic method, championed by its central modern significance, however, a
Sigmund Freud. (II) It is a method that focuses myth is one story in a mythology. (III) If the
on the role of unconscious thoughts, feelings, protagonist is a human being rather than a
and memories. (III) Freud developed his supernatural being, the traditional story is
theories about behavior through extensive usually called not a myth but a legend. (IV)
analysis of the patients he treated. (IV) He These anthropologists doubt that many
believed that many of the problems his classical works include facts about a society.
patients experienced were the result of the (V) If the story is about supernatural beings
effects of painful childhood experiences. (V) who are not gods, and the story is not part of
The founders were researchers who worked a systematic mythology, it is usually
with individuals to help them understand their classified as a folk tale.
symptoms.
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V

ͳͺ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 67. According to the text, genealogical tourism
cevaplayınız. especially attracts those ---- .

A) who are interested in the cultural heritage of

various countries
Genealogical tourism has been historically
undervalued, but it is now becoming recognized as a B) who would like to visit new countries and get
valuable tool for destination promotion. Genealogical to know different cultures
tourists want to travel to the country of their
C) who can spare the time and money to visit
ancestors’ origins and to learn more about their
countries with intriguing histories
family history or the contextual and cultural heritage
of the family. In addition to the places and sites D) whose families come from small countries
where people used to live and work, visits to with diverse cultural traditions
graveyards and churches to see memorials and
E) whose ancestors had to leave their home
burial sites, as well as to inspect historic records are
country for certain reasons
becoming increasingly popular. Although a worldwide
phenomenon, genealogical tourism is most common
among communities removed from their homelands
or where there has at some time been mass
emigration, e.g., from England to Australia, and from
Ireland to England and the USA. Evidence suggests
that it is a growing sub-sector of tourism, as a result
of the increasing sociological awareness of the post-
industrial society that we currently live in.

66. It is clear from the text that ---- .

68. Which of the following CANNOT be a
A) genealogical tourism did not receive the motivation for genealogical tourism?
attention it deserved in the past
A) Desire to have a holiday with family members.
B) museums and art galleries are the main
B) Desire to find new documents about the
attractions for genealogical tourists
history of a family member.
C) genealogical tourists consult historians to
C) Desire to examine historic records related to
choose their destinations
one’s family.
D) genealogical tourism is becoming more
D) Desire to see the place where one’s family
popular in England than in the USA originally came from.
E) governments have made enormous
E) Desire to make a trip to discover one’s family
investments in genealogical tourism in recent
history and lineage.
years

ͳͻ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 70. According to the text, ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) one has to own a property in order to start a
small business
The term “capital” is often used to refer to money that B) the terms investment and capital have nothing
is available for investment or, indeed, any asset that in common
can be readily turned into money for it. Thus, a
C) there is greater capital accumulation in
person’s house is often described as his or her
Eastern countries than Western countries
capital, because it can be turned into capital either by
selling it or by borrowing on the strength of it. Many D) the laws regulating capital exchange need to
small businesses are indeed set up in this way. It is, be improved
however, only possible to turn property into capital if
E) there are well-defined conditions for turning
its ownership is clearly established, its value can be
property into capital
measured, its title can be transferred, and a market
exists for it. A characteristic feature of the
development of capitalist societies is the emergence
of institutions that enable the conversion of assets of
all kinds into capital. It is the absence of these
institutions and, above all, functioning systems of
property law that frustrates the emergence of local
capitalisms in the Third World.

71. It is clear from the text that Third World

countries ---- .

A) lack the institutions necessary for capitalism

to flourish
69. The text is mainly about ---- .
B) inherited their capitalist institutions from the
A) the different ways to establish small East
businesses
C) have redefined their financial systems and
B) the definition of capital and its convertibility flourished

C) the evolution of capitalism in the West D) are hardly in need of productive businessmen
for economic development
D) what capital means to small businesses
E) have standardized the laws regulating their
E) how capital changed hands in the modern
economies in recent years
world

ʹͲ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 73. According to the data from the Pew Research
cevaplayınız. Center, ---- .

A) some people use their mobile phones to

upload their CVs because it is much easier
Since the beginning of the Millennium, researchers
have tried to bring attention to the “digital divide”, the B) the highest increase in the number of people
uneven access to technology among different races, using PCs took place in the 1990s
classes, and geographic areas. The term became
C) people from minority groups are mostly using
part of the common lexicon in 1996. This was the
their mobile phones instead of wired
point when personal computer (PC) use had shifted
computers to access the Internet
from 300,000 users in 1991 to more than 10 million
users. The issue of the digital divide had to do with D) thanks to mobile phone technology, more and
communities that received infrastructure upgrades more people are able to find proper jobs
that largely went to wealthy urban and suburban
E) as a result of the digital divide, more minority
areas. Data from the Pew Research Center suggests
groups are using online technology for
that as technological devices get smaller, larger
empowerment rather than entertainment
percentages of minority groups are using their cell
phones to connect to the Internet. About 70% of
people in minority groups connect to the web via
such devices. While it might seem that the Internet is
the Internet, regardless of how you get there, there’s
a notable difference. Tasks like updating CVs or
filling out job applications are much harder on a cell
phone than on a wired computer. Therefore, the
digital divide might also mean access to online
technology that allows for empowerment, not just
entertainment.

72. The digital divide ---- .

A) was a concept first developed and introduced

to the public before 1996 74. It can be inferred from the text that ---- .
B) refers to the unjust distribution of technology A) a person would have a better chance of
among different races, classes, and getting a job if he used a wireless devices to
geographic areas prepare his/her CV
C) is a term encompassing infrastructural and B) there is no direct link between the size of the
technological problems encountered in urban technological devices and the rate of their use
and suburban areas
C) researchers started to pay special attention to
D) assures that different races, classes, and the problem of the digital divide in 1991
geographic areas benefit equally from
technological advances D) the digital divide may also indicate certain
forms of inequalities in a given society
E) was the result of the widespread distribution
of infrastructural upgrades and technological E) the authorities have long overlooked the
advances problems created by the digital divide

ʹͳ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 76. The Galileo Navigation Project ---- .
cevaplayınız. A) was canceled after Britain voted for Brexit

B) involves some secret data about European

Britain has not launched a rocket into space for 50 countries
years, but it has a huge space industry. According to
C) will replace America’s GPS as it is no longer
a government report, its share in the global space
reliable
economy is 6,5%. The industry in the country is
worth £13,7 billion, and it employs 39,000 people D) is a project that is funded by the American
directly. Britain produces 40% of the world’s small government
satellites. Now the British space industry may face
E) is a British project that involves sensitive
great problems after Brexit, the withdrawal of the
information
United Kingdom from the European Union. Airbus, a
multinational company that is the biggest satellite-
maker in Britain, has announced that it will move
some of its operations from Britain to France after
Brexit. Problems have become more serious in
Britain’s participation in the Galileo Navigation
Project. This project is Europe’s equivalent of
America’s GPS, the navigational system. The
European Union (EU) says post-Brexit Britain should
not be included in such EU projects that involve
sensitive information. However, there are some
reasons for hope for Britain. The space industry has
little government support in Britain. So, the
companies in this sector are very commercially
minded. If Britain loses business in the EU, it could
find new fields to operate in places like the Middle
East.

77. From the text, we can infer that ---- .

75. It is clear from the text that Britain ---- . A) the EU wants to exclude Britain from its space
program as it operates in the Middle East
A) is one of the countries that get considerable
benefits from the space economy B) Britain is a country that employs the highest
number of people in the space economy
B) will have to stop investing in the space
economy after Brexit C) the space industry has little government
support in Britain, so it cannot develop in that
C) is one of the European countries that have
country
never launched any rockets
D) the Galileo navigation project will suffer a lot if
D) hopes to make much more money from space
Britain decides not to participate in it
technology after Brexit
E) Brexit may create new opportunities for the
E) will support space research programs to
British space industry in other parts of the
compete with other European countries
world

ʹʹ
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI

78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya göre 79. According to the text, which of the following
cevaplayınız. is NOT a function of gossiping?

A) To provide a control mechanism for the group

members.
In any socio-cultural milieu, people may be occupied
in gossip for a substantial part of their everyday lives. B) To change customary rules and norms.
Recognizing that studying our daily lives is the key to C) To secure group unity.
an understanding of human behavior.
Anthropologists have long appreciated the D) To test and approve certain types of behavior.
significance of gossip. Nevertheless, sustained E) To prevent disagreements from harming
analysis of gossip remained intermittent until the friendships.
1960s, when three broadly distinct views emerged:
the functionalist, the transactionalist, and the
symbolic-interactionist. The functionalist view is
exemplified by Max Gluckman. Gossip, Gluckman
claims, is a culturally determined and sanctioned
process, a social fact, with customary rules and with
important functions. Notably, gossip helps maintain
group unity, morality, and history. For Gluckman, the
essence of gossip is a constant communal
evaluation and reaffirmation of behavior by
assessment against common, traditional
expectations. Furthermore, gossip enables groups to
control the competing cliques and aspiring
individuals of which they are composed; through
gossip, differences of opinion are fought out behind
the scenes so that outwardly a show of harmony and
friendship can be maintained.

80. The text is mainly about ---- .

78. It can be understood from the text that ---- .
A) how gossiping may damage group dynamics
A) Max Gluckman was the first anthropologist to
conduct a scientific study of gossip B) the differences among three views of
gossiping
B) anthropologists have refused to study gossip
as it occupies a substantial part of everyday C) why Max Gluckman decided to study gossip
life
D) the significance of gossip as a social
C) it was in the 1960s that anthropologists first phenomenon
started to show serious interest in gossip
E) various functions of gossiping and its negative
D) anthropologists have tried to identify the effects
effects of gossip on one’s personality

E) the functionalist and the transactionalist views

share a number of theoretical similarities

ʹ͵
 www.ydsatak.com YDSATAK ONLINE DİL OKULU www.eydsatak.com

YÖKDİL MART 2019 SOSYAL SORULARI 

A GRUBU CEVAP ANAHTARI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

E B C E A D C E B D C A E B D C A B E D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

A B A C D A B E C E D B A E C B D A D C

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

E B A E C D B C D E B A E A D C A B C D

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

D C C E D A E A B E A B C D A B E C B D

ʹͶ
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

1. Skills assessment tests try to find out how well 5. If people ‐‐‐‐ a group, they want to be like the
you are likely to satisfy the technical or group's members and to hold similar
operational ‐‐‐‐ of a job. characteristics and opinions.
A) requirements B) solutions A) admire B) offend
C) shortcomings D) conflicts C) leave D) divide
E) punishments E) defeat

2. The introduction of printing was delayed in 6. Millions of immigrants and refugees change
Europe because of the ‐‐‐‐ of paper until the 14th homes each year in pursuit of freedom, security,
century. economic betterment, or simply to ‐‐‐‐ a more
A) occupation B) variety desirable environment in which to live.
C) expansion D) absence A) turn down B) look for
E) validation C) give up D) take off
E) fall behind

3. The human face is a highly meaningful stimulus 7. Native American tribes and nations ‐‐‐‐ their
that provides scholars with ‐‐‐‐ information for own religions and political views long before
adaptive social interaction with people. Europeans ‐‐‐‐ their lands.
A) weak B) deceptive A) had been developing / had been invading
C) redundant D) diverse B) were developing / have invaded
E) erroneous C) have developed / had invaded
D) developed / could have invaded
E) had developed / invaded

4. Centres and programmes that support 8. London ‐‐‐‐ the oldest and most comprehensive
excellence in college and university teaching have subway system in the world today, and all of the
grown ‐‐‐‐ since the mid‐20th century, and offer a city's train stations ‐‐‐‐ by subway.
broad range of services and resources to various A) had / might be reached
institutions. B) has had / could have been reached
A) accurately B) severely C) has / can be reached
C) incidentally D) extensively D) is having / may have been reached
E) temporarily E) will have / must be reached

2
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

9. Our brains are the most flexible when we are 13. ‐‐‐‐ attention is a process that is so widely
young children, as it is ‐‐‐‐ this time that we learn distributed throughout the brain, different
the most ‐‐‐‐ our environment. systems have been proposed to explain the
A) before / for B) behind / without varying types of attention.
C) between / across D) during / about A) Unless B) Once
E) against / from C) After D) Because
E) As soon as

10. With around 1.5 billion people living ‐‐‐‐ its 14. Many animals can communicate with each
borders, China is currently the most populous land other and share information basically, ‐‐‐‐ humans
‐‐‐‐ the globe. are the only creatures who can communicate using
A) from / around B) into / under symbolic language.
C) throughout / upon D) within / across A) that is B) however
E) about / for C) accordingly D) likewise
E) as a result

11. The search ‐‐‐‐ gold and silver and the control 15. Computers and the Internet have greatly
of their sources have had a significant influence ‐‐‐‐ increased the amount and range of information
human history as a motivation for exploration, available to students ‐‐‐‐ their benefits are often
trade, and conflicts. exaggerated in media reports.
A) at / during B) for / on A) until B) even if
C) about / beyond D) in / through C) in order that D) in case
E) towards / around E) unless

12. ‐‐‐‐ he was never regarded as a musical genius 16. They are some of the oldest monuments in the
at a very young age like Mozart or Mendelssohn, world, ‐‐‐‐ much about Egypt's pyramids remains a
Beethoven's talent was quite impressive. mystery.
A) As long as B) Because A) but B) otherwise
C) Even though D) Once C) as D) supposed that
E) Provided that E) once

3
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

17. ‐‐‐‐ the rationalists, who thought that we were Pedagogy is typically defined as the art and science
born with certain ideas about the world, 17th‐ of teaching. Teaching young children is a dynamic
century philosopher John Locke claimed that our process that demands not only that a teacher
minds were like a blank slate (tabula rasa) at birth, should have a fully realised vision of the goals and
meaning we are not born with innate knowledge. content present in a curriculum but also a
A) With the help of B) On behalf of theoretical understanding of how best [21]‐‐‐‐
C) In terms of D) Unlike students to learn. [22]‐‐‐‐, teachers must develop
E) Together with and become expert at using a repertoire of
strategies. With this repertoire, they can respond
[23]‐‐‐‐ to both an individual student's learning and
the class as a whole. In other words, pedagogy is a
teacher's toolkit that encompasses his or her
professional philosophy about teaching and the
18. ‐‐‐‐ disagreements over the definition, meaning purposes of early education [24]‐‐‐‐ a range of
and value of privacy, most philosophers defend methods for putting views into action. This toolkit
the unique and fundamental value of privacy can be developed [25]‐‐‐‐ professional preparation
protection. opportunities and teachers' individual experiences
A) Such as B) In spite of of schooling.
C) By means of D) Similar to
E) In the hope of
21.
A) to assist B) assisting
C) to be assisted D) being assisted
E) having assisted

19. Much of the overall increase in population 22.

between now and 2050 is projected to occur ‐‐‐‐ in A) Otherwise B) By comparison
high fertility countries ‐‐‐‐ in countries with large C) In addition D) Instead
populations. E) On the contrary
A) so / that B) such / that
C) both / and D) as / as 23.
E) the more / the more A) reluctantly B) harshly
C) instinctively D) adversely
E) effectively

24.
A) with the exception of B) regardless of
20. Our rapidly changing society necessitates C) as opposed to D) in case of
continuous updating of knowledge and E) as well as
competences in an evolving work environment ‐‐‐‐
lifelong learning solutions are required. 25.
A) how B) where A) at B) through
C) what D) whom C) beyond D) over
E) which E) below

4
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Described with majesty and respect in many 31. ‐‐‐‐, they have no real evidence for what early
historical texts, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon society was like.
were said to be one of humanity's greatest A) Now that the glyph writing system of the Maya
achievements. They were a multi‐layered, irrigated city‐states were decoded by the archaeologists
paradise, and in many ways they [26]‐‐‐‐ the core B) When archaeologists use radiocarbon dating in
values of Babylon: beauty, wealth and remarkable the sites with materials that contain carbon
engineering skills. Some academics, [27]‐‐‐‐, C) Provided that an archaeological report describes
consider them pure myth. After all, while the everything a researcher did in the field and
Hanging Gardens are mentioned in numerous later laboratory
texts, no documents from the time identifying them D) Since many archaeological reports are now
[28]‐‐‐‐. What is more, 'Father of History' Herodotus available online
does not mention them at all in his Histories, [29]‐‐‐ E) Although archaeologists can reconstruct what
‐ visiting the city and describing many of its other early people ate and how they made some artefacts
features in detail. As a result, today debate rages
fiercely [30]‐‐‐‐ whether or not these legendary
gardens were real. Unfortunately, while much of 32. While many people in the US are only aware of
the region today remains overrun by conflict, anti‐war and peace movements from the period of
excavation work to pin down if the Hanging social unrest in the 1960s and 1970s, ‐‐‐‐.
Gardens did once exist is not possible. A) people and groups resist war and armed conflict
for various reasons
26. B) these efforts rarely receive mainstream attention
A) survived B) demanded in the US
C) exemplified D) destroyed C) the goals of such movements vary according to
E) diminished the dominant issue of the moment
D) they concentrate on a variety of issues related to
27. violence, war, and oppression
A) however B) moreover E) these notions have been in existence since long
C) for instance D) at first before
E) eventually

28. 33. ‐‐‐‐ if food security for all people in the world is
A) had been found B) would be found to be provided.
C) will be found D) have been found A) Supermarkets can now offer not only frozen and
E) were being found packaged food, but also fresh food year‐round from
all over the world
29. B) The way food is produced and distributed
A) instead of B) prior to throughout the world has changed dramatically
C) despite D) due to since the Industrial Revolution
E) for the purpose of C) In a world where food is abundant as never
before, food supply is extremely vulnerable to
30. economic and political interests
A) along B) without D) Fundamental changes in global trade and the
C) for D) over international financial system must be introduced
E) in E) Lack of access to food leads to
undernourishment, a problem that affects more
than 800 million people

5
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

34. Because the vast changes in altitude and 37. ‐‐‐‐, water has been a dominant factor in
terrain in Ecuador can make road travel slow and determining the location and distribution of
difficult, ‐‐‐‐. human settlement in Afghanistan.
A) taxis and buses provide non‐stop city transport A) Although many of the historically important
for very reasonable fares towns are located near rivers and streams
B) telecommunication and electrical services in B) Since much of the country is covered by deserts
Ecuador are state‐owned and ‐operated and receives little rain
C) tourists and Ecuadorians alike utilise in‐country C) Whereas the country's capital lies on the well‐
flights, which serve a s a more practical alternative watered plains of a river
D) the country harbours a lot of holiday destinations D) Despite the fact that 80 percent of the country's
and tourist attractions population is rural, utilising water sources on a large
E) goods are still transported through rocky and scale
tough roads E) Even if humid air from the Persian Gulf produces
summer showers in the southwest

35. Although only the well‐to‐do could afford to 38. ‐‐‐‐, written communication continues to
have their own carriage in Victorian England, ‐‐‐‐. change both in speed and fluency.
A) electric trams were introduced at the end of the A) As the world becomes increasingly
19th century interconnected via technologies such as e‐mail and
B) ordinary people could hire a private coach by text messaging
making arrangements in advance B) Given that the Internet may have some
C) the nobles often avoided using a public cab for undesirable effects on written communication
door‐to‐door transportation in town C) Since the development of paper is thought to
D) the cabs for private use were too expensive for have facilitated communication for commoners
most people's ordinary daily use D) Although engaging in written communication
E) the underground revolutionised the speed and over long distances has become much easier
cost of urban transportation E) Even though written communication is intricately
connected to the technology of writing

36. ‐‐‐‐, it nevertheless does contribute to carbon 39. The earliest examples of plant and animal
emissions and climate change. domestication date back hundreds of thousands of
A) Because the transportability of natural gas makes years, ‐‐‐‐.
it suitable for various uses A) as domestication changed the natural behaviour
B) While natural gas is cleaner compared to other and characteristics of the plants and animals
fossil fuels B) although the domestication of their environment
C) As long as natural gas fulfills a vital role in the was a great survival technique of the human
global supply of energy population
D) As natural gas has recently lost its role as a C) instead, the domestication of plants and animals
lighting source took place in a single limited area
E) Since natural gas is a flammable mixture of D) whereas domestication was one of the most
hydrocarbon gases fundamental changes in human history
E) but the environmental effects of those lifestyle
changes are still apparent today

6
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

40. The modern concept of sport refers mainly to 42. People with disabilities have always been part
organised physical activities such as football, of society, but what has changed is how society
basketball, or table tennis, ‐‐‐‐. defines these differences and how people with
special needs are treated.
A) however, modern sports evolved mainly in the
A) Toplumun her zaman bir parçası olan engellilere
West during the time of the Industrial Revolution yönelik farklılıkların tanımlanması ve özel ihtiyacı
B) thus it leaves out board and card games such as olan insanlara nasıl davranıldığı konularında değişim
bridge, chess, or poker meydana gelmiştir.
C) as there is no evidence that sports are necessary B) Engelliler toplumun her zaman bir parçası
for human existence olmuşlardır, ancak değişen şey toplumun bu
D) yet basketball has now become one of the most farklılıkları nasıl tanımladığı ve özel ihtiyaçları olan
insanlara nasıl davranıldığı olmuştur.
popular sports around the world
C) Engelliler toplumun her zaman bir parçası olsa da
E) in other words, sports as a form of cultural toplumun onların bu farklılıklarının tanımlanması ve
expression reflects a culture's history özel ihtiyaçları olan insanlara nasıl davranıldığına
yönelik yaklaşımı değişmiştir.
D) Toplumun her zaman bir parçası olan engellilerin
farklılıklarının tanımlanma biçimi ve özel ihtiyaçları
olan insanlara yönelik davranış biçimleri değişime
uğramıştır.
E) Engelliler her zaman toplumun bir parçası
olmalarına rağmen toplumun bu farklılıkları nasıl
tanımladığı ve özel ihtiyaçları olan insanlara nasıl
davrandığı konularında değişim yaşanmıştır.

43. The Europeans' exploration of the world began

in the second half of the 15th century when the
desire to find a sea route to the East led the
Portuguese to make a series of voyages to the
west coast of Africa.
A) Doğu'ya deniz yolu bulma arzusunun
Portekizlileri Afrika'nın batı sahiline bir dizi seyahat
gerçekleştirmeye yönelttiği 15. yüzyılın ikinci yarısı,
Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfinin başladığı zamandır.
B) Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfi, Doğu'ya deniz yolu
bulma arzusunun Portekizlileri Afrika'nın batı
41. Very few researchers have an interest in sahiline bir dizi seyahat gerçekleştirmeye yönelttiği
studying whistled languages ‐‐‐‐. 15. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında başlamıştır.
A) whereas their intelligibility does not always C) Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfi, Doğu'ya deniz yolu
match that of spoken languages bulma arzusunun Portekizlileri Afrika'nın batı
sahiline bir dizi seyahat gerçekleştirmeye yönelttiği
B) although the populations that use them are
15. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına dayanmaktadır.
located in isolated areas D) Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfi, 15. yüzyılın ikinci
C) so that they are most ideally used in areas with yarısında, Portekizlilerin Doğu'ya deniz yolu bulma
high noise concentrations arzusuyla Afrika'nın batı sahiline yönelerek bir dizi
D) if users could detect an entire sentence from seyahat gerçekleştirmesiyle başlamıştır.
long distances E) Avrupalıların dünyayı keşfi, Doğu'ya deniz yolu
bulma arzusu ile Afrika'nın batı sahiline yönelen
E) even though such speech has been around since
Portekizlilerin bir dizi seyahat gerçekleştirmesiyle,
ancient times 15. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında başlamıştır.

7
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

44. Some scholars argue that most European 46. Although cities provide the optimum context
cultures stem from ancient Celts, who migrated for social activities, daily life conditions in cities
from what is now Eastern Europe to the British are becoming increasingly more difficult.
Isles in the 9th century BCE. A) Şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam koşulları gittikçe daha
A) Çoğu Avrupa kültürünün antik Keltlerden zor bir hale gelse bile şehirler sosyal aktiviteler için
geldiğine inanan bazı araştırmacılar, Keltlerin MÖ 9. en uygun ortamlardır.
yüzyılda günümüzde Doğu Avrupa olarak bilinen B) Şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam koşulları gittikçe daha
bölgeden Britanya Adaları'na göç ettiğini öne zor bir hâl almaktadır, ancak şehirler sosyal
sürmektedir. aktiviteler için en uygun ortamı sunar.
B) Bazı araştırmacılara göre, MÖ 9. yüzyılda C) Sosyal aktiviteler için en uygun ortamı sağlayan
günümüzde Doğu Avrupa olarak bilinen bölgeden şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam koşulları gittikçe daha zor
Britanya Adaları'na göç eden antik Keltler, çoğu bir hâl almaktadır.
Avrupa kültürünün temelini teşkil etmektedir. D) Şehirler sosyal aktiviteler için en uygun ortamı
C) MÖ 9. yüzyılda Doğu Avrupa'dan Britanya sağlasa da şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam koşulları
Adaları'na göç eden antik Keltlerin bugünkü çoğu gittikçe daha zor bir hâle gelmektedir.
Avrupa kültürünün kökenini oluşturduğu, bazı E) Sosyal aktiviteler için en uygun ortam şehirlerde
araştırmacılar tarafından iddia edilmektedir. bulunmasına rağmen şehirlerdeki günlük yaşam
D) Bazı araştırmacılar, çoğu Avrupa kültürünün MÖ koşulları gittikçe daha zor bir hâl almaktadır.
9. yüzyılda günümüzde Doğu Avrupa olarak bilinen
bölgeden Britanya Adaları'na göç eden antik
Keltlerden geldiğini öne sürmektedir.
E) Günümüzdeki çoğu Avrupa kültürünün MÖ 9.
yüzyılda Doğu Avrupa'dan Britanya Adaları'na göç
eden antik Keltlerden geldiğini öne süren bazı
araştırmacılar vardır. 47. Despite advances in understanding of the
anatomy and physiology of pain and the
development of treatments based on sophisticated
45. As coffee spread from its native Africa to the technology, chronic pain continues to be a
Middle East, then to Europe and other parts of the prevalent and costly problem.
world, it was transformed from the drink of a A) Ağrının anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin
select few to a product consumed by the masses. anlaşılmasındaki ilerlemelere ve üst düzey
A) Kahve, ana vatanı Afrika'dan Orta Doğu'ya, teknolojiye dayalı tedavilerin geliştirilmesine
oradan da Avrupa ve dünyanın diğer bölgelerine rağmen, kronik ağrı yaygın ve maliyeti bir sorun
yayıldıkça seçkin bir azınlığın içeceğinden kitlelerin olmaya devam etmektedir.
tükettiği bir ürüne dönüşmüştür. B) Ağrının anatomisi ve fizyolojisi konusunda
B) Ana vatanı Afrika'dan Orta Doğu'ya, oradan da ilerlemeler kaydedilmiş ve üst düzey teknolojiye
Avrupa ve dünyanın diğer bölgelerine yayılan kahve, bağlı tedaviler geliştirilmiştir, ancak kronik ağrı
önceleri seçkin bir azınlığın içeceğiyken kitlelerin yaygın ve maliyetli bir sorun olmaya hâlâ devam
tükettiği bir ürün haline gelmiştir. etmektedir.
C) Kahve, ana vatanı Afrika'da seçkin bir azınlığın C) Kronik ağrı, anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin
içeceğiyken Orta Doğu'ya, oradan da Avrupa ve anlaşılmasındaki ilerlemelere ve üst düzey
dünyanın diğer bölgelerine yayıldıkça kitlelerin teknolojik tedavilerin geliştirilmesine rağmen,
tükettiği bir ürüne dönüşmüştür. yaygın bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir ve
D) Kahveyi seçkin bir azınlığın içeceği olmaktan tedavisi maliyetlidir.
çıkarıp kitlelerin tükettiği bir ürüne dönüştüren şey, D) Hâlâ yaygın ve maliyetli bir sorun olan kronik
ana vatanı Afrika'dan Orta Doğu'ya, oradan da ağrıya karşı üst düzey teknolojik tedavilerin
Avrupa ve dünyanın diğer bölgelerine yayılması geliştirilmesi, ağrının anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin
olmuştur. anlaşılmasındaki ilerlemeler sayesinde olmuştur.
E) İlk zamanlarında seçkin bir azınlığın içeceği olarak E) Ağrının anatomisinin ve fizyolojisinin
bilinen kahve, ana vatanı Afrika'dan Orta Doğu'ya, anlaşılmasındaki ilerlemeler sayesinde üst düzey
oradan da Avrupa ve dünyanın diğer bölgelerine teknolojiye dayalı tedaviler geliştirilmiş olsa bile
yayılması sonucunda kitlelerin tükettiği bir ürüne kronik ağrı yaygın ve maliyetli bir sorun olmaya
dönüşmüştür. devam etmektedir.

8
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

48. Immanuel Kant, deneyciliğin ve doğa bilimlerinin 50. Klasik koşullanma, davranışçılık olarak bilinen
oluşmasına katkıda bulunan bir düşünce sistemi psikoloji ekolünde önemli bir kavramdır ve
geliştirdiği için 19. yüzyıldan itibaren diğer Aydınlanma davranış terapisinde kullanılan bazı tekniklerin
Dönemi düşünürlerinden daha etkili olmuştur. temelini oluşturmaktadır.
A) Immanuel Kant, who has been more influential than A) Providing the basis for some of the techniques
any other Enlightenment philosopher since the 19th used in behaviour therapy, classical conditioning is
century, constructed a system of reason in order to an important concept in the school of psychology
contribute to the emergence of empiricism and the known as behaviourism.
natural sciences.
B) Classical conditioning, which is a key concept in
B) The reason why Immanuel Kant has been more
the school of psychology known as behaviourism,
influential than any other Enlightenment philosopher
lays the foundation for some of the techniques used
since the 19th century is that he contributed to the
in behaviour therapy.
emergence of empiricism and the natural sciences with
the system of reason he developed. C) Classical conditioning is an important concept in
C) Thanks to his contributions to the emergence of the school of psychology known as behaviourism,
empiricism and the natural sciences through a system and it forms the basis for some of the techniques
of reason he constructed, Immanuel Kant has been used in behaviour therapy.
more influential than any other Enlightenment D) The school of psychology known as behaviourism
philosopher since the 19th century. sees classical conditioning as an important concept,
D) Immanuel Kant has been more influential than any and some of the techniques used in behaviour
other Enlightenment philosopher since the 19th therapy are based on it.
century because he constructed a system of reason E) Classical conditioning is a fundamental concept in
which contributed to the emergence of empiricism the school of psychology known as behaviourism,
and the natural sciences. and some of the techniques used in behaviour
E) Immanuel Kant, who developed a system of reason, therapy have originated from it.
contributed to the emergence of empiricism and the
natural sciences, which is why he has been deemed
more influential than any other Enlightenment
philosopher since the 19th century.

49. Amazon yağmur ormanları insan topluluklarının 51. İlk medeniyetlerdeki nüfuslar yoğunlaştıkça ve
varlığı için uygun olmayan bir yer olarak kasabalar şehirleştikçe bazı insan toplulukları bir
tanıtılagelmiştir, fakat yeni çalışmalar çeşitli eski dizi yeni özelliklere sahip olmaya başladılar.
toplulukların bölgede tarım yaptıklarını öne A) A series of new features emerged in some
sürmektedir. human societies when populations grew in density
A) While current studies suggest that numerous ancient and towns turned into cities in early civilisations.
societies practiced agriculture in the Amazon rainforest, B) A range of new characteristics were developed in
the region has been introduced as a place unsuitable for some human societies in early civilisations as
the presence of human societies.
populations became denser and towns transformed
B) The Amazon rainforest, introduced as a place
into cities.
unsuitable for the presence of human societies, has
C) In early civilisations, some human societies began
been shown by recent studies to be a region where
to demonstrate a series of new characteristics as a
various ancient societies practiced agriculture.
C) The Amazon rainforest has been introduced as a result of populations increasing in density and
place unsuitable for the presence of human societies; towns growing into cities.
however, several ancient societies have been reported D) With populations becoming denser and towns
by new studies to practice agriculture in the region. turning into cities in early civilisations, it was
D) Although the Amazon rainforest has been possible for some human societies to develop a
introduced as a place unsuitable for the presence of group of new features.
human societies, new studies have revealed that some E) As populations increased in density and towns
ancient societies practiced agriculture in the region. grew into cities in early civilisations, some human
E) The Amazon rainforest has been introduced as a societies began to take on a set of new
place unsuitable for the presence of human societies, characteristics.
but new studies suggest that various ancient societies
practiced agriculture in the region.

9
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

52. Kıtlıkların hala meydana geliyor olması küresel 54. Anthropology literally means the science of
ölçekli gıda eksikliğinin değil, gıdanın yerel mankind. The word was used in this broad sense in
dağıtımıyla ilgili olanlar da dâhil olmak üzere siyasi ve English for several centuries. In the 18th century,
sosyal sorunların bir sonucudur. and even for most of the 19th century, it was
A) A global food shortage is not responsible for the conceived as a primarily physiological study,
though there were always those who insisted that
fact that famines still occur, which is rather caused by
anthropology should study body, soul, and the
political and social problems such as those linked to
relations between them. ‐‐‐‐ What remained was
local distribution of food. primarily “cultural” anthropology and an emphasis
B) Famines that still occur are a consequence of not on the variety of human societies.
only a global food shortage but also political and social A) This meant an emphasis on primitive societies
problems associated with local distribution of food. which can be studied in a more comprehensive way.
C) Although there is not a global food shortage, B) It is usually impossible to study advanced
famines still occur due to political and social problems societies in detail and compare them with primitive
such as those resulting from local distribution of food. ones.
D) The fact that famines still occur is not a C) After the discovery of the DNA in 1953, physical
anthropology became more significant than it had
consequence of a global food shortage, but of political
ever been.
and social problems, including those associated with
D) This has often cast the anthropologist in the role
local distribution of food. of the defender as well as the interpreter of the
E) Political and social problems, including those values of societies.
related to local distribution of food, are contributing E) With the development of zoology, sociology, and
to the fact that famines do still occur, along with a economics, anthropology lost a great deal of its
global food shortage. territory.

53. Roma, MÖ 509 yılında bir cumhuriyet haline 55. Before World War II, Brazil was the leading
geldiğinde, karar alma gücü bulunan bir grup yaşlı world producer of many agricultural goods. Sugar,
devlet adamından oluşan Senato dâhil olmak üzere, rubber, and coffee were important exports. Yet,
eski monarşik düzenin bazı unsurlarını korumuştur. price variations in the world market for these
commodities left the Brazilian economy
A) The Senate, a group of elder statesmen with
vulnerable. After the war, the government
decision‐making powers, was preserved even after
succeeded in rapidly industrialising the economy in
Rome became a republic in 509 BCE as some elements order to diversify and decrease its dependency on
of the old monarchical system were to be retained. imported goods. ‐‐‐‐ However, the country's
B) When Rome became a republic in 509 BCE, it growing prosperity was damaged by the inflation
retained some of the elements of the old monarchical caused by budget deficits.
system, including the Senate comprised of a group of A) The agricultural sector of Brazil represented a
elder statesmen with decision‐making powers. larger percentage of the gross domestic product
C) Rome became a republic in 509 BCE; however, than industry before World War II.
certain elements of the old monarchical system such B) Brazil became one of the only industrialised
nations of South America and an important
as the Senate, consisting of a group of elder statesmen
exporter of manufactured goods.
having decision‐making powers, was maintained.
C) Besides economic factors, Portuguese and
D) Although Rome became a republic in 509 BCE, it African immigrants had a remarkable impact on the
maintained some of the elements of the old social life in Brazil for a long time.
monarchical system, including the Senate, a group of D) The government debt, which highly increased
elder statesmen with decision‐making powers. during the 1980s, was due mainly to the borrowing
E) Preserving certain elements of the old monarchical of new money to implement economic plans in the
system such as the Senate, which included a group of country.
elder statesmen having decision‐making powers, E) Major imports were machinery and equipment,
Rome became a republic in 509 BCE. chemical products, oil, and electricity, most of
which came from the United States.

10
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

56. The purpose of a library, whether paper or 58. North America was an arena of conflict
digital, is to facilitate communication across space between British and French colonialism in the mid‐
and time by selecting, preserving, organising, and 18th century. The British victory in the French and
Indian War of 1754‐63 settled this issue in Britain's
making accessible documents of all kinds. ‐‐‐‐ For
favour, but disagreements between Britain and its
example, technological methods of information thirteen North American colonies arose in the
retrieval make it possible to index books at the aftermath of the war. ‐‐‐‐ Escalating conflict led
level of chapters, or even at the level of sections them to unite in declaring independence in 1776
and paragraphs. However, just as a paper library and, with French help, they defeated British efforts
can provide too many books, digital libraries can to suppress the rebellion, which led to the
provide an even greater overabundance of establishment of the United States of America.
A) Most colonists who had remained loyal to Britain
documents, chapters, and passages.
left the country, many moving to Canada, which
A) Some digital library collections contain images remained in British hands.
created with human effort. B) Born of an uprising against the British rule in
B) Like all professions, librarianship offers 1776, the United States of America was a new kind
specialties and subspecialties. of state embodying the principles of democracy.
C) Digital libraries provide many opportunities to C) The new United States had an initial population
improve upon paper libraries. of around 4 million, similar in size to the population
of Ireland at that time.
D) A library must have a collection of materials that
D) The war was followed by a burst of economic
carry information. growth that radically changed the nature of the
E) People tend to associate the word 'librarian' with United States of America.
anyone who works in a paper library. E) Colonists disputing the right of the British
Parliament to impose taxes and duties on them
staged rebellious acts that provoked a repressive
response.

57. The world's longest river, stretching for about 59. In 1925, Le Corbusier, the Swiss‐French
6,400 km from the African tropics to the architect suggested demolishing the homes,
statues, and streets of much of Paris's Right Bank.
Mediterranean Sea, the Nile was a great source of
In their place, he proposed erecting 18 glass
life flowing through the heart of ancient Egypt.
towers, divided by lawns for pedestrians and
With much of the country covered in inhospitable elevated highways for cars. ‐‐‐‐ A quote attributed
desert, civilisation grew up along the river's banks. to him leaves no doubt as to which side he was on:
‐‐‐‐ The Egyptians relied on it for transportation “Progress is achieved through experimentation;
and entertainment, and to plant their crops on its the decision will be awarded on the field of battle
nutrient‐rich banks. of the new.”
A) Le Corbusier contended that lovers of antique
A) Ancient people living along the Nile wore
architecture and progressive thinkers were at war
jewellery to honour their gods. about how humans should live.
B) High rainfall near the Nile's source would cause B) Based on the need for security and housing, or
the waters to rise rapidly. other facilities, most people preferred to move to a
C) The farming year in ancient Egypt began new neighbourhood.
following the annual flooding of the Nile. C) High‐rise buildings similar to those envisioned by
D) Pharaohs would ride on large ceremonial boats Le Corbusier have recently been dotting various
urban districts across China.
on important occasions along the Nile.
D) Le Corbusier was one of the pioneers of
E) Every aspect of ancient Egyptian daily life modernism in architecture and insisted on this
depended on the Nile. extraordinary suggestion.
E) Some leaders suggested that we should live in
dense urban areas with public transit and walkable
facilities.

11
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

60. (I) Elizabeth I reigned as queen of England from 63. (I) The Aborigines have a belief system based on
1558 to 1603. (II) During that time, England began events believed to have occurred in what is called
its rise to become the empire 'on which the sun the Dream Time, in which mystic ancestors gave
never sets'. (III) In her reign, popular culture shape to the landscape. (II) The events that
flourished; her court became a focal point for occurred in the Dream Time are considered to be
writers, musicians, and scholars such as sacred. (III) A form of communal ceremony to
Shakespeare and Francis Bacon. (IV) Elizabeth imitate such events involves a dramatic ritual based
inherited an England that was troubled by inflation, upon this magico‐religious tradition. (IV) There are
bankruptcy, disastrous wars, and religious conflict. records of white settlers enjoying the spectacle of
(V) She also encouraged a spirit of free inquiry that scripted plays by the Aborigines in the 19th century
in turn facilitated the Scientific Revolution and the as a sort of novelty. (V) It consists of song cycles,
Age of Enlightenment. dancing, and mime in a cleared performance space,
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V and the belief is that performers are born with a gift
for performing.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) Poultry, birds kept for their meat and eggs, 64. (I) When we are sleeping, there is a brain
have long figured in human symbolism and legend. mechanism that stops the neural activity associated
(II) Geese supposedly saved ancient Rome from a with dreaming from triggering speech or body
surprise attack in the 4th century BCE by cackling movements, but this system is not perfect, and
loudly when the invaders tried to sneak up on the sometimes signals can get through. (II) This can lead
Capitol. (III) Pigeons were offered as sacrifices by to mumbling and groaning, and sometimes even
the Hebrews of the Bible. (IV) The 16th‐century proper speech while sleeping. (III) There are
Flemish artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder used the laboratory experiments proving that stress can
turkey as a symbol of envy in his series of paintings increase the likelihood of body movements during
on the seven deadly sins. (V) The chicken has always sleep. (IV) The content of sleep talking can be
been one of the most familiar domesticated animals complex and usually varies from person to person.
since almost any family could afford to keep a hen. (V) It may be influenced by recent events in the
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V sleeper's life, but can be strange and nonsensical.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) All governments have some laws requiring 65. (I) There has been much discussion of the
location and protection of historic and potential consequences of early bilingualism. (II)
archaeological sites, at least on public lands. (II) Historically, early bilingualism was seen as
Important historic buildings, objects, or dangerous, leading to language disorders and
archaeological sites are only a few of cultural language delay. (III) Bilingualism is often the
resources of a nation. (III) Historic preservation product of second language learning after the first
specialists may work in private foundations or language has been acquired. (IV) Research has
government agencies to achieve these goals. (IV) In made clear that early bilingualism may well bring
addition, they work as lobbyists with legislators to cognitive advantages, particularly in domains such
improve laws or raise funds to protect sites. (V) as helping children understand the arbitrary nature
Sometimes they spend more time raising money of language systems. (V) Nonetheless, such
and public awareness than digging operations. advantages are also small – they are only a few
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V months ahead of monolingual children in
accomplishing some tasks.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

12
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

There is only one Turkish word that a foreigner 67. According to the passage, some parts of the
should learn before visiting Gaziantep: fıstık city having ancient heritage ‐‐‐‐.
(pistachio). This fast‐paced and gourmet city is A) have lately undergone some restorations
believed to harbour more than 180 pastry shops B) attract tourists from all around the world
producing the world's most famous pistachio C) have recently lost their past magnificence
baklava. Other gastronomic treats are also on offer D) are now being renovated with extreme care to
for adventurous foodie travellers. On the other attract more tourists
hand, Gaziantep is also known for its historic places. E) were under risk of demolition before they were
Some of them, including the fortress, bazaars, restored
caravanserai and old stone houses, have been
recently restored. One of south eastern Anatolia's
gateways, Gaziantep, formerly known as Aintab, has
rarely been as full of confidence and hope for the
future as it is today because it witnessed great
conflicts and wars in history. By the time the Arabs
conquered the town in 638, the Persians, Alexander
the Great, the Romans and the Byzantines had all
left their imprints on Gaziantep. The region was
politically unstable until the Seljuk Turks arrived
from the east around 1070. It was later taken over
by the Ottomans in 1516 and has remained
predominantly populated by Turks since then.

66. According to the passage, Gaziantep's cuisine 68. It is clearly stated in the passage that before
‐‐‐‐. the arrival of the Seljuk Turks, ‐‐‐‐.
A) has always been popular among foodie travellers A) great empires fiercely battled with each other in
B) offers several different pastries made with an effort to not surrender the city
pistachio B) the Byzantines had the most significant impact
C) is known worldwide for its pistachio baklava on Gaziantep
D) includes authentic foods from diverse C) Gaziantep was a region that lacked political
civilisations stability
E) has delicious dishes whose names tourists learn D) Turks mainly lived in regions neighbouring
even before visiting the city Gaziantep
E) the city suffered from serious political conflicts
caused by the Arabs

13
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Do we all pursue happiness? Is happiness 70. The author of the passage states that in
something that can be chased and sometimes Tolstoy's novels, ‐‐‐‐.
captured? The phrase 'the pursuit of happiness' A) characters seek happiness in various fields of life,
contains at least two major assumptions: firstly, having no satisfying and long‐lasting outcomes
happiness lies outside of us, out there in the world; B) the pursuit of romantic love as a means to attain
and secondly, it is elusive, requiring intention and happiness is ridiculed
effort to capture it. The novels of Leo Tolstoy C) though the promise of happiness is deceptive,
explore these assumptions in great depth. His books some characters could achieve it with ease
are filled with characters in feverish pursuit of D) characters seek to achieve bliss although they
happiness in many different ways. Yet few, if any, are aware of its temporary nature
manage to attain it. Indeed, his stories often E) joining battles is shown to bring happiness to
portray tempting yet deceptive pathways that soldiers in every aspect of life
promise happiness but end with disasters: soldiers
seeking the glory of battle; young men and women
plunging into the insanity of romantic love; greed
addicts pursuing wealth, power, or status. They
often experience a temporary bliss, which then
fades away, leaving behind emptiness. True,
sustainable happiness, as opposed to temporary
pleasure, is a state of well‐being and the harmony
of all aspects of one's life – especially in
relationships. But the more manically Tolstoy's
characters pursue happiness, the more it escapes
them. Hence the paradox in Tolstoy's works is that
the pursuit of happiness seems to result in deep
unhappiness.

69. According to the passage, 'the pursuit of 71. According to the author, the irony implied in
happiness' as a phrase ‐‐‐‐. Tolstoy's works is that ‐‐‐‐.
A) means that one cannot really capture happiness A) even though happiness is elusive in nature, it can
because it is not within people's reach still be attained if there is the will to do so
B) indicates that few people make an effort to B) the more one tries to attain happiness, the more
attain true, sustainable happiness sadness this chase leads to
C) constitutes part of human nature that one should C) the harmony in one's relationships will not
seek to attain through interaction necessarily bring sustainable happiness
D) implies that happiness is an external concept D) the temporary bliss one feels later turns into
that could be chased and achieved intense happiness
E) is a title of one of Tolstoy's novels where he E) feverish pursuit of happiness is always bound to
explores the nature of happiness cause disasters in romantic love

14
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Scientific academies and associations played a key 73. It can be understood from the passage that the
role in the development of science prior to the 20th Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ‐‐‐‐.
century, providing a way for scientists to meet with A) was initially meant to be a national association
each other and sponsoring publications in journals but now functions as an international one
and books as a way to disseminate scientific B) is a less active association than the Royal Society
knowledge so that it could be shared by everyone. in the UK although it has more international
These roles have continued through the 20th members
century and into the 21st century. Scientific C) is like the Royal Society in the UK in many ways
associations are usually found organised along even though it was founded much later
national lines or within scientific disciplines. The D) is the most important international association
Royal Society in the United Kingdom, founded in that engages in media relations
1660, is the premier example of a national society; E) serves a remarkable function in the advancement
it has remained vigorous, publishing journals, of international research
funding research, and electing distinguished
scientists to be fellows of the society. Other
prominent national societies have played more
important roles. The Royal Swedish Academy of
Sciences, for instance, selects the winners of the
scientific Nobel prizes and plays a much stronger
role in promoting research in different fields and
countries. National associations often function as a
method to promote interdisciplinary research, as do
the broader international associations. Today,
almost every scientific discipline has an association
that also engages in media relations, campaigns for
funding and promotion of science as a way to
knowledge. One of the best ways for historians to
see that a scientific subdiscipline has been
successfully created is to look for the founding of
the accompanying association.

72. The underlined word in the passage 74. According to the passage, scientific
'disseminate' is closest in meaning to ‐‐‐‐. associations ‐‐‐‐.
A) refute A) were initially founded for the quick circulation of
B) spread innovative interdisciplinary research
C) possess B) are a sign of the successful establishment of a
D) substitute scientific subdiscipline
E) approve C) are criticised by scientists unless they support
international and interdisciplinary research
D) should commit themselves to research to
encourage more Nobel prize winners
E) give priority to fund‐raising and receiving support
through media relations

15
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Life expectancy is the average number of years to 76. It is stated in the passage that Japan ‐‐‐‐.
be lived by an individual or a population at a given A) is the only developed country that has a higher
age. The term is often confused with a related term, life expectancy than the US
life span, which refers to the age to which the B) is currently the country with the highest life
longest‐lived members of a species survive. The life expectancy in the world
expectancy of a country has been shown to be C) has been cooperating with countries in southern
related to its socioeconomic development. Most Europe to increase its life expectancy
countries that are classified as 'more developed' D) does better on life expectancy at birth, but not
have higher levels of life expectancy at birth than overall life expectancy
most of the countries classified as 'developing'. E) has witnessed a dramatic improvement in life
While the US has a high level of life expectancy expectancy despite high mortality rates from heart
compared to that of the developing countries of the disease
world, it ranks quite low in life expectancy among
developed countries. Japan and most European
countries including some in southern Europe have
higher life expectancies at birth than the US for
both males and females. In recent years, Japan has
become the world leader in life expectancy at birth.
The success of the Japanese in raising their levels of
life expectancy has been due to large declines in
mortality from heart disease relative to other
developed countries.

75. We can infer from the passage that life 77. The passage is mainly about ‐‐‐‐.
expectancy ‐‐‐‐. A) the difference between life expectancy and life
A) is a concept that developing countries pay more span
attention to B) how to increase life expectancy in developing
B) is not as reliable as life span in evaluating the countries
socioeconomic development of a country C) life expectancy differences across genders
C) is noted as the most important difference D) international differences in life expectancy
between developed and developing countries E) socioeconomic causes and outcomes of life
D) could be used as an indicator of a country's level expectancy
of socioeconomic development
E) refers to the age to which the longest‐lived
members of a species can reach

16
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

It has been estimated that the average child in the 79. The underlined word in the passage
US spends more time each week watching TV than 'unfounded' is closest in meaning to ‐‐‐‐.
attending school. This is of great concern, as a A) undeniable
surprisingly large proportion of what children watch B) irreversible
is violent. Saturday morning cartoons, for example, C) respectable
present as many as twenty violent acts per hour. D) groundless
Despite this concern, the producers of violent E) threatening
programming have often continued to claim that
children will not imitate what they see in those
programmes. This claim has sounded unfounded to
psychologists ever since Albert Bandura's classic
'Bobo doll' studies in the early 1960s. In his seminal
experiment, Bandura showed pre‐schoolers a film
of an adult playing with a new toy, known at the
time as a Bobo doll. The adult in the film committed
abuse on the toy in various ways, punching it,
kicking it, striking its head with a hammer, and
throwing other toys at it, all the while clearly
enjoying herself. The children were then led into a
room with various toys in it, including the Bobo doll.
Children who had seen the film were far more likely
to beat up the doll than children who had not. This
prompted Bandura to describe a new type of
learning theory: social learning or modelling.

78. Children's excessive exposure to TV in the US is 80. It can be understood from the passage that the
concerning because ‐‐‐‐. experiment carried out by Albert Bandura is
A) most of the children do poorly on school subjects significant ‐‐‐‐.
B) there is not enough empirical evidence on how it A) but it has received the attention it deserves over
affects children the decades
C) producers admit that children may act out what B) because it was the first psychological experiment
they see on TV that used toys
D) violence is present in much of the content C) since it was conducted in collaboration with
children watch producers of TV programmes
E) children mostly prefer violent TV shows to D) although more and more evidence now is in
cartoons contradiction with its findings
E) as it led to the developments of a new type of
learning theory

17 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Answer Key
1 A 21 A 41 E 61 E
2 D 22 C 42 B 62 B
3 D 23 E 43 B 63 D
4 D 24 E 44 D 64 C
5 A 25 B 45 A 65 C
6 B 26 C 46 D 66 C
7 E 27 A 47 A 67 A
8 C 28 D 48 D 68 C
9 D 29 C 49 E 69 D
10 D 30 D 50 C 70 A
11 B 31 E 51 E 71 B
12 C 32 E 52 D 72 B
13 D 33 D 53 B 73 E
14 B 34 C 54 E 74 B
15 B 35 B 55 B 75 D
16 A 36 B 56 C 76 B
17 D 37 B 57 E 77 D
18 B 38 A 58 E 78 D
19 C 39 E 59 A 79 D
20 B 40 B 60 D 80 E
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

1. Many of the technological advances in medicine 5. Amphetamines, central nervous system

have been provided for us by the ‐‐‐‐ of engineers, stimulants used medically to treat narcolepsy, are
physicists, biologists, and medical doctors. also used to ‐‐‐‐ performance.
A) suspension B) hesitation A) abandon B) approve
C) recession D) elimination C) hinder D) eliminate
E) collaboration E) enhance

2. ‐‐‐‐ to carbon monoxide results in a wide variety 6. The heart, blood, and blood vessels ‐‐‐‐ the
of potential adverse effects, particularly in circulatory or cardiovascular system whose
individuals who have pre‐existing cardiac or lung primary role is to pump blood round the body to
disease. supply cells with oxygen, food and other
A) Opposition B) Solution essentials.
C) Exposure D) Obstacle A) call off B) bring down
E) Superiority C) make up D) set back
E) take away

3. Adolescent diets are often ‐‐‐‐ for their reliance 7. According to a 2013 study, when ‐‐‐‐ on athletes
on snacks and junk foods high in calories and after intense physical exercise, participants who ‐‐‐‐
saturated fat, leading to increased risk of heart 3.1 gr of ginger per day experienced significantly
disease in later life. reduced muscle soreness.
A) beneficial B) adequate A) tested / received
C) notorious D) sustainable B) to have tested / would have received
E) crucial C) having been tested / were received
D) having tested / have received
E) to test / had received

4. Studies have shown that people can ‐‐‐‐ reduce 8. Mechanical injuries to the skin ‐‐‐‐ into those
longings for such food as burgers and cookies by caused by a blunt force, such as a punch from a
thinking of all the negatives of eating them. fist, and those ‐‐‐‐ from a sharp force, such as a
A) recklessly B) scarcely knife.
C) extravagantly D) doubtfully A) have been divided / to have resulted
E) substantially B) had been divided / having resulted
C) were divided / to be resulting
D) are divided / resulting
E) would be divided / to result

1
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

9. In Australia, the vaccine ‐‐‐‐ rotavirus, the most 13. Taken in balance with other foodstuffs, honey
prevalent cause of severe diarrhoea ‐‐‐‐ young can be a positive health factor for most who
children, was added to routine, early‐childhood consume it ‐‐‐‐ it is free of processing.
immunisations in 2007. A) in order that B) as long as
A) against / among B) through / for C) unless D) until
C) in / by D) with / at E) although
E) to / from

10. Vegetative patients can live for several years 14. A daily low dose of aspirin is often
and usually die ‐‐‐‐ infections, organ failure or recommended for people who are at risk of having
complications related to the brain injury that has a heart attack or stroke ‐‐‐‐ it makes it easier for
put them ‐‐‐‐ this state. blood to flow through arteries.
A) for / with B) about / at A) unless B) whether
C) from / into D) by / over C) as D) even if
E) under / on E) while

11. Water is essential ‐‐‐‐ health as it helps 15. Treatment options suggested for cold sores are
regulate body temperature, removes wastes, and limited; ‐‐‐‐, doctors may prescribe antiviral
transports nutrients ‐‐‐‐ the body. medications for recurrent or severe episodes of
A) with / from B) in / over cold sores.
C) by / on D) to / throughout A) likewise B) however
E) beyond / under C) by comparison D) moreover
E) in other words

12. ‐‐‐‐ the flavours of tea, coffee, and cocoa are so 16. ‐‐‐‐ everyone's brain loses volume over time,
different, they all depend for their stimulating the shrinkage happens faster in people who have
effect upon a spicy‐tasting substance called trouble sleeping than in those who are better
caffeine. rested.
A) Only if B) Even though A) Whereas B) Since
C) Because D) Until C) As long as D) Once
E) Unless E) As if

2
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

17. Many people use aspirin to relieve various A cough is a forceful release of air from the lungs
kinds of minor aches and pains ‐‐‐‐ headaches, that can be heard. Coughing [21]‐‐‐‐ the respiratory
toothaches, and muscle pain. system by clearing it of irritants and secretions.
A) regardless of B) in the absence of [22]‐‐‐‐ people can generally cough voluntarily, a
C) by means of D) such as cough is usually a reflex triggered when an irritant
E) in contrast with stimulates one or more of the cough receptors
found at different points in the respiratory system.
These receptors then send a message to the cough
centre in the brain, which in turn tells the body
[23]‐‐‐‐. A cough begins [24]‐‐‐‐ a deep breath in, at
which point the opening between the vocal cords at
the upper part of the larynx (glottis) shuts, trapping
18. ‐‐‐‐ lack of support, mental health conditions the air in the lungs. [25]‐‐‐‐ the pressing of the
experienced by children and adolescents can lead diaphragm and other muscles involved in breathing
to school failure, including poor academic against the lungs, the glottis suddenly opens,
performance and higher drop‐out rates. producing an explosive outflow of air at speeds
A) Due to B) In comparison with greater than 160 km per hour.
C) In spite of D) Unlike
E) With the help of
21.
A) distinguishes B) protects
C) constitutes D) predicts
E) destroys

22.
19. One of the best ways to battle Parkinson's A) Before B) While
symptoms is with physical activity, ‐‐‐‐ self‐guided C) Since D) Only if
such as yoga and walking ‐‐‐‐ under a E) In case
physiotherapist's supervision.
A) either / or B) neither / nor 23.
C) the more / the more D) as / as A) coughed B) cough
E) so / that C) to have coughed D) to cough
E) coughing

24.
A) above B) off
C) towards D) with
E) outside
20. When a blood sample is taken, the skin around
the vein ‐‐‐‐ the needle will be inserted is cleaned 25.
with an antiseptic. A) Rather than B) On behalf of
A) what B) whose C) In spite of D) As a result of
C) where D) why E) Except for
E) how

3
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Cigarette smoking attained social status in the 31. ‐‐‐‐, but they can make diagnosing breast
1920s when soldiers returning from World War I cancer more difficult because of the dense, fibrous
brought their habit home with them. Cigarette tissue.
smoking became [26]‐‐‐‐ across social strata, a mark A) Excess levels of the hormones estrogen and
of sophistication and success. But as early as the prolactin cause breast cysts
1940s, doctors [27]‐‐‐‐ that many of their patients B) Fibrocystic breasts affect as many as 60 percent
who had heart disease or lung disease, including of women typically between ages 30 and 50
lung cancer, were smokers. In 1964, a team of C) A cancerous growth in the breast is often not
doctors released the landmark report, which tender or freely movable when touched
presented [28]‐‐‐‐ fairly severe detail the known D) Fibrocystic lumps generally get worse with the
and suspected health consequences of cigarette menstrual cycle
smoking. The report's publication was a wake‐up E) Fibrocystic lumps are benign and do not increase
call for doctors [29]‐‐‐‐ the general public, nearly 45 the risk for breast cancer
percent of whom were smokers. Over the next 40
years, vigorous education efforts resulted in cutting
the number of smokers nearly in half. [30]‐‐‐‐,
cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer increased
dramatically due to the consequences of smoking. 32. If you dial the emergency services in Denmark,
‐‐‐‐.
26. A) it is difficult to pick up on all of the emergency
A) regrettable B) negligible signals at all times
C) suspicious D) fashionable B) only one percent of the emergency calls are for
E) hazardous cardiac arrest
C) recognising the symptoms early makes the
27. difference between life or death
A) have recognised D) a human operator as well as an artificially
B) recognised intelligent assistant will be listening
C) can recognise E) it is not always easy to detect the severity of the
D) would have recognised incident
E) should have recognised

28.
A) in B) from
C) onto D) below 33. While chicken pox is no more than a matter of
E) over a few days' discomfort for the majority, ‐‐‐‐.
A) people are mostly protected against re‐infection
29. following vaccination
A) such as B) as opposed to B) some groups are at risk of developing severe
C) as well as D) owing to complications such as pneumonia
E) regardless of C) it is well known that it can strike any age group,
even older children and adults
30. D) lesions generally spread to the face and
A) Similarly B) For instance extremities and fade away in a couple of days
C) In other words D) Therefore E) the disease is caused by the varicella‐zosler virus
E) Nevertheless

4
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

34. ‐‐‐‐, clinical evidence indicates that certain 37. Modern medicine has become increasingly
foods can worsen it in susceptible individuals and successful at treating and controlling many chronic
that food allergies can increase joint pain. health conditions ‐‐‐‐.
A) Just as rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune A) because Alzheimer's disease follows a course
condition, in which the body attacks itself that progressively deprives a person of memories
B) Even if a deficiency of certain vitamins can B) given that no cure or drug has been able to halt
accelerate joint deterioration the course of Alzheimer's disease
C) Whereas rheumatoid arthritis refers to inflamed C) unless Alzheimer's researchers recognise the
joints that often cripple the patient need to learn more regarding prevention strategies
D) Although some medical opinions disclaim the of the disease
effects of food on arthritis D) as studies have indicated that maintaining
E) As fish oil reduces the formation of inflammatory cardiovascular health may diminish the risk of
substances in the body Alzheimer's disease
E) although some age‐related ones such as
Alzheimer's disease have defied attempts to find
preventive therapies

35. ‐‐‐‐, the antibodies produced by a vaccine can

eliminate a disease even before it gets started.
A) Because sometimes vaccinations create minor
side effects
B) Given that anti‐vaccination movements have
spread in parts of the developed world
C) Even if sufficient numbers of a population are
vaccinated against a disease
D) Unlike the usual delayed immune response that
allows a virus to take hold in the body
E) In order for vaccines for one illness to decrease
the chances of other illnesses

36. Toothaches should always be professionally 38. Powerful sulphur compounds in onions are
treated by a dentist; ‐‐‐‐. responsible for their sharp and unpleasant odour, ‐
A) therefore, identifying the problem tooth is often ‐‐‐.
difficult in cases of severe pain A) as they help reduce inflammation and may halt
B) however, some methods of self‐treatment may the growth of cancer
help manage the pain until professional care is B) so onions contain a variety of nutrients, such as
available vitamin C and chromium
C) yet, diagnosis includes the identification of the C) but they can help reduce blood sugar, cholesterol
location of the tooth as well as the cause and blood pressure
D) instead, the dentist will remove the decayed area D) now that there are many varieties of them
and restore the tooth by filling it around the world
E) on the contrary, the dentist begins by asking the E) however, consuming onions in large amounts
patient specific questions about the toothache may cause acid reflux

5
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

39. Health authorities identify pregnant women 42. Stretching is thought to prevent injury and
and children 6‐24 months of age as the priority allow you to feel less tired after exercise, but
target groups for iron supplementation ‐‐‐‐. research has shown that stretching does not have
A) given that efforts to improve the iron status of a remarkable impact on muscle soreness.
populations worldwide through supplementation A) Esneme hareketinin yaralanmayı önlediği ve
have met with great success egzersiz sonrasındaki yorgunluk hissini azalttığı
B) because these populations are at the highest risk düşünülse de araştırmalar esnemenin kas ağrısı
of iron deficiency and most likely to benefit from its üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olmadığını göstermektedir.
control B) Esneme hareketinin yaralanmayı önlediği ve
egzersiz sonrasındaki yorgunluğu azalttığı
C) as long as the recommended dose of
düşünülür, ancak araştırmalar sonucunda
supplementation is increased for populations where
esnemenin kas ağrısı üzerinde kayda değer bir etkisi
the prevalence of anemia is 40% or higher
olmadığı ortaya konulmuştur.
D) once recommendations about iron
C) Her ne kadar esneme hareketinin yaralanmayı
supplementation are given for other target groups,
önlediği ve egzersiz sonrasında daha az yorgun
such as children and adolescents hissetmenizi sağladığı düşünülse de esnemenin kas
E) since the liquid formulation, which is available for ağrısı üzerinde kayda değer bir etkisi olmadığını
infants, is not used often in anemia control gösteren araştırmalar bulunmaktadır.
programmes in developing countries D) Esneme hareketinin yaralanmayı önlediği ve
egzersiz sonrasında daha az yorgun hissetmenizi
sağladığı düşünülür, ancak araştırmalar esnemenin
40. ‐‐‐‐, the immune system reacts by producing
kas ağrısı üzerinde kayda değer bir etkisi olmadığını
antibodies, which attack the small intestine,
göstermektedir.
reducing its ability to absorb nutrients.
E) Yaralanmayı önlemek ve egzersiz sonrasında
A) Even if celiac disease affects a large number of
yorgunluk hissini azaltmak için esneme hareketinin
people throughout the world
yapılması gerektiği düşünülür, ancak araştırmalar
B) Although the reduced absorption of nutrients esnemenin kas ağrısı üzerinde önemli bir etkisi
leads to malnutrition in those with celiac disease olmadığını göstermektedir.
C) When a person with celiac disease eats gluten‐
containing food
D) Since supplements can play an important role in 43. Sleep deprivation can be linked to obesity due
the lives of people with celiac disease to hormonal changes that slow down metabolism
E) While some diabetic patients face the risk of and increase appetite.
developing celiac disease A) Metabolizmayı yavaşlatırken iştahı da artıran
hormonal değişiklikler yüzünden uykusuzluk obezite
ile ilişkilendirilir.
41. Any single‐gene disorder can be detected in the B) Uykusuzluğun obezite ile ilişkilendirilmesinin
first 6 to 10 weeks of pregnancy ‐‐‐‐. sebebi, hormonal değişiklikler ile metabolizmayı
A) in terms of favourable conditions for a possible yavaşlatması ve iştahı artırmasıdır.
pregnancy C) Uykusuzluk, metabolizmayı yavaşlatan ve iştahı
B) despite the risk of having a child with a single‐ artıran hormonal değişikliklere yol açtığı için obezite
gene disorder ile ilişkilendirilebilir.
C) because of the concerns sparking controversy in D) Uykusuzluk, metabolizmayı yavaşlatan ve iştahı
prenatal screening artıran hormonal değişikliklerden dolayı obezite ile
D) thanks to a test looking for increases in the level ilişkilendirilebilir.
of mutations E) Metabolizmayı yavaşlattığı ve iştahı artırdığı için
E) due to reasons related with decreases in the hormonal değişiklikler, uykusuzluk ve obezite ile
cases of pregnancy ilişkilendirilebilir.

6
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

44. It is no surprise that scientists have turned 46. Experts suggest that eating a handful of
their attention to enhancing human memory using almonds every day for a month can increase levels
techniques that stimulate, supplement and even of antioxidants in the bloodstream and lower
mimic parts of the brain. blood pressure.
A) Bilim insanlarının, dikkatlerini beynin bölümlerini A) Uzmanlar, bir ay boyunca her gün bir avuç dolusu
uyaran, destekleyen ve hatta taklit eden teknikler badem yiyerek kan dolaşımındaki antioksidan
sayesinde insan hafızasını geliştirmeye yöneltmesi seviyelerinin artırılabileceğini ve kan basıncının
şaşırtıcı değildir. düşürülebileceğini dile getirmektedir.
B) Bilim insanlarının, dikkatlerini beynin bölümlerini B) Kan dolaşımındaki antioksidan seviyelerini
uyaran, destekleyen ve hatta taklit eden teknikler artırmak ve kan basıncını düşürmek için uzmanlar
kullanarak insan hafızasını geliştirmeye yöneltmiş tarafından bir ay boyunca her gün bir avuç dolusu
olmaları şaşırtıcı değildir. badem yenmesi önerilmektedir.
C) Bilim insanlarının, dikkatlerini insan hafızasını C) Uzmanlar, bir ay boyunca her gün bir avuç dolusu
geliştirmeye yöneltmesi ve bunun için beynin badem yemenin kan dolaşımındaki antioksidan
bölümlerini uyaran, destekleyen ve hatta taklit eden seviyelerini artırabileceğini ve kan basıncını
teknikleri kullanmaları şaşırtıcı değildir. düşürebileceğini öne sürmektedir.
D) Bilim insanlarının, dikkatlerini insan hafızasını D) Bir ay boyunca her gün bir avuç dolusu badem
geliştirmeye yönelterek beynin bölümlerini uyaran, yemenin sadece kan dolaşımındaki antioksidan
destekleyen ve hatta taklit eden teknikleri seviyelerini artırmakla kalmayıp aynı zamanda kan
kullanmaları şaşırtıcı değildir. basıncını da düşürdüğü, uzmanlar tarafından öne
E) Bilim insanlarının, beynin bölümlerini uyaran, sürülmektedir.
destekleyen ve hatta taklit eden teknikler E) Uzmanlar, bir ay boyunca her gün bir avuç dolusu
kullanmalarının ardından, dikkatlerini insan hafızasını badem yemenin hem kan dolaşımındaki antioksidan
geliştirmeye yöneltmiş olmaları şaşırtıcı değildir. seviyelerini artırabileceğini hem de kan basıncını
düşürebileceğini iddia etmektedir.

45. Helping prepare the body for 'fight or flight' by

increasing blood sugar levels and slowing down
digestion, cortisol is released in times of stress.
47. Studies carried out in Italy found that eating
A) Stres anında vücudun 'savaş ya da kaç' durumu
oily fish cooked with olive oil significantly reduced
için hazırlanmasına yardım eden kortizol, kan şekeri
the threat of cancer.
seviyelerini artırmak ve sindirimi yavaşlatmak için
A) İtalya'da yürütülen çalışmalar, zeytinyağı ile
salgılanır.
pişirilen yağlı balıkların yenilerek kanser riskinin
B) Kortizol, stres anında ve 'savaş ya da kaç'
büyük oranda azaltıldığını ortaya çıkardı.
durumunda kan şekeri seviyelerini artırmaya ve
B) İtalya'da yürütülen çalışmalar, zeytinyağı ile
sindirimi yavaşlatmaya yardımcı olması amacıyla
pişirilen yağlı balıkları yemenin kanser riskini önemli
salgılanır.
ölçüde azalttığını ortaya koydu.
C) Kan şekeri seviyelerini artırarak ve sindirimi
C) İtalya'da yapılan çalışmalarda, kanser riskini
yavaşlatarak vücudun 'savaş ya da kaç' durumu için
büyük oranda azaltmak için yağlı balıkların
hazırlanmasına yardımcı olan kortizol, stres anında
zeytinyağı ile pişirilip yenmesi gerektiği ortaya
salgılanır.
kondu.
D) Stres anında vücudun 'savaş ya da kaç' durumuna
D) İtalya'da yapılan çalışmalar sayesinde zeytinyağı
hazırlanmasına yardım etmek için salgılanan kortizol,
ile pişirilmiş yağlı balıkları yemenin kanser riskini
kan şekeri seviyelerini artırır ve sindirimi yavaşlatır.
önemli ölçüde azalttığı keşfedildi.
E) Stres anında salgılanarak vücuda yardımcı olan
E) Zeytinyağı ile pişirilen yağlı balıkları yemenin
kortizol, kan şekeri seviyelerini artırıp sindirimi
kanser riskini önemli ölçüde azalttığı, İtalya'da
yavaşlatarak vücudu 'savaş ya da kaç' durumuna
yürütülen çalışmalarda tespit edildi.
hazırlar.

7
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

48. Yumurta, süt ve balıkta bol miktarda bulunan A 50. Düzenli egzersiz, ruh halinizi yükseltmeye,
vitamini, bağışıklık sisteminin düzgün çalışmasını endişe ve öfkeyi azaltmaya ve stresten dolayı
sağlamakla birlikte cildimizi ve gözlerimizi de gergin olmaya meyilli kaslara kan akışını artırmaya
sağlıklı tutar. yardımcı olabilir.
A) Vitamin A, which helps the immune system A) In addition to boosting your mood, regular
function properly and keeps our skin and eyes exercise can lessen anxiety and anger, and increase
healthy, is abundant in egg, milk and fish. blood flow to the muscles, which tend to be tense
B) Besides keeping our skin and eyes healthy, because of stress.
vitamin A helps the immune system function B) Regular exercise can help elevate your mood as it
lessens anxiety and anger, and increase blood flow to
properly, and it is abundant in egg, milk and fish.
the muscles, which tend to be tense due to stress.
C) Egg, milk and fish are rich in vitamin A, which
C) Regular exercise can help elevate your mood,
keeps our skin and eyes healthy and helps the
lessen anxiety and anger, and increase blood flow to
immune system function properly.
the muscles, which tend to be tense due to stress.
D) There is plenty of vitamin A in egg, milk and fish,
D) Because muscles are likely to be tense due to
and it keeps our skin and eyes healthy along with stress, regular exercise can help elevate your mood,
helping the immune system function property. lessen anxiety and anger, and increase blood flow
E) Vitamin A, abundant in egg, milk and fish, keeps to the muscles.
our skin and eyes healthy as well as helping the E) Regular exercise boosts your mood by helping
immune system function properly. lessen anxiety and anger, and can increase blood
flow to the muscles, which tend to be tense
because of stress.

49. İnsanların iskeletleri hayatları boyunca değişir, 51. Gıda zehirlenmesi geçiren insanlar aktif
bu yüzden kafanın ölçüsüne oranla vücudun ölçüsü belirtiler hafifledikten sonra bir hafta boyunca
bir yetişkinde bir çocuktakinden daha büyüktür. yorgun hissetseler de genellikle antibiyotik tedavisi
A) The size of the body in relation to the size of the olmadan iyileşirler.
head is greater in an adult than in a child since A) People who have had food poisoning generally
people's skeletons change throughout their lives. recover without antibiotic treatment, although they
B) The fact that people's skeletons change during feel tired for a week after the active symptoms
subside.
their lives is the reason behind the bigger body size
B) After the active symptoms subside, people who
in relation to head size in adulthood rather than in
suffer from food poisoning generally recover in a
childhood.
week without antibiotic treatment, but they may
C) People's skeletons change throughout their lives,
feel tired.
so the size of the body in relation to the size of the
C) People who have had food poisoning generally
head is greater in an adult than in a child. feel tired for a week after the active symptoms
D) The size of the body in relation to that of the subside unless they recover without antibiotic
head is greater in adults than in children, which treatment.
shows that people's skeletons change throughout D) Although people affected by food poisoning feel
their lives. tired for a week, they generally recover without
E) The reason why the size of the body in relation to antibiotic treatment when active symptoms subside.
the size of the head is greater in an adult than in a E) Without antibiotic treatment, people who have
child is that people's skeletons change throughout had food poisoning feel tired, but they generally
their lives. recover in a week after the active symptoms subside.

8
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

52. Doğuştan ya da yaşamlarının başlangıcında 54. During adolescence, bodies are rapidly
meydana gelen işitme kaybına sahip çocuklar, changing and growing, which often causes teens to
genellikle konuşma dili gelişiminde ciddi bir feel uncomfortable with themselves, especially if
gecikme yaşar. they are different from their peers. Emotional
A) Children may have hearing loss either from birth distress may cause them to either eat too much or
or acquired at the beginning of their life, and it too little. ‐‐‐‐ They usually begin between ages 14
generally leads to serious delay in their spoken and 20 and severely affect a large number of
language development. adolescents. It is important to provide early
B) Hearing loss in children, either from birth or intervention to avoid serious long‐term
acquired at the beginning of their life, generally
complications.
causes a serious delay in their spoken language
A) Such patterns can lead to the development of
development.
eating disorders, which are characterised by
C) Either from birth or acquired at the beginning of
their life, hearing loss in children generally causes unhealthy eating behaviours.
them to experience a serious delay in spoken B) Due to differences in body type, physical activity,
language development. and rate of growth, every adolescent may need
D) Children having hearing loss, either from birth or different nutritional supplements.
acquired at the beginning of their life, generally have C) Adolescents may have special nutritional needs,
a serious delay in spoken language development. so they must definitely seek professional help.
E) A serious delay in spoken language development D) Dietitians play an important role in educating
is generally the result of hearing loss in children, teenagers about eating well‐balanced diets.
either from birth or acquired at the beginning of E) A diet heavily dependent on fast food results in
their life. excess fat.

53. Eğitim, insani ve ekonomik kalkınmanın önemli 55. An enormous amount of brain development
bir yapı taşı olarak kabul edilmektedir, ancak takes place during childhood, particularly early
zihinsel sağlık sorunları olan çoğu insan eğitime childhood. ‐‐‐‐ Nutrition, education, verbal
erişimde gereğinden fazla engelle karşı karşıya exposure, language, emotional and interpersonal
kalmaktadır. experience – all critically impact the formation of
A) It is recognised that education is a fundamental
connections between neurons and the building of
building block of human and economic
neural networks. This kind of environmental input
development; nevertheless, there are undue
affects which synaptic connections survive or die
barriers preventing most people with mental health
conditions from accessing it. off. In this way, early environment becomes
B) Education is regarded as an essential building hardwired into the child's brain.
block of human and economic development, yet A) One way to resolve the nature/nurture dilemma
most people with mental health conditions face is to assume that the basic structure of the brain is
undue barriers in accessing schooling. genetically determined.
C) Although education is seen as an essential B) However, there is ample evidence that iron is
building block of human and economic required for normal brain development.
development, most people with mental health C) Because of the central role of experience on
conditions face undue barriers while trying to brain development, the nature of any
access it. environmental input in childhood is critical.
D) For human and economic development to D) Some scholars argue that genetic factors have a
progress, education should be accepted as the greater impact on brain development than
building block, but most people with mental health environmental input.
conditions encounter undue barriers to access it. E) The human brain is uniquely designed to learn
E) Most people with mental health conditions and process language, and as a critical
struggle with undue barriers so as to access environmental input, learning a language changes
education, which is accepted as an important building the brain.
block of human and economic development.

9
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

56. Many side effects have been attributed to 58. Products made from chemicals continue to
vaccines. In fact, side effects depend on the vaccine, play an ever‐present part in our lives. There is little
and side effects such as swelling and soreness are doubt that a wide spectrum of chemicals and drugs
usually minor, while more serious side effects such has enhanced the quality of our lives. ‐‐‐‐ But
as autoimmune reactions can occur. ‐‐‐‐ Through fortunately, toxicologists provide detailed
systematic and extensive research, vaccines have information on how best to eliminate, reduce, or
also not been linked to other serious side effects prevent any damage.
such as autism. Reports that vaccines cause side A) It is now easier to detect even small amounts of
effects such as AIDS and sterility are 'urban legends' chemicals in biological systems.
that have no factual basis in developed countries.
B) The understanding of molecular toxicology
A) Furthermore, information on the handling and
continues to advance rapidly.
storage of vaccines is available from numerous
C) However, some of them, in particular situations,
sources.
can clearly harm certain people.
B) On the other hand, vaccinations save about $14
D) In addition, toxicologists conduct extensive
in health care for every $1 spent.
C) However, serious side effects are rare if vaccines research on what is safe or dangerous.
are administered properly. E) On the other hand, people have recently become
D) Nevertheless, dangerous diseases such as rubella more aware of the hazards of chemicals.
have decreased by 90% thanks to vaccines.
E) Moreover, vaccinations can benefit people other
than those receiving them.

57. Along with strategies to prevent the spread of 59. Dementia is a decline in a person's ability to
cold viruses, it is vitally important for health care think and learn. To distinguish true dementia from
professionals to teach patients that antibiotics more limited difficulties due to localised brain
have no role in the treatment of the common cold. damage, the strict medical definition requires that
Antibiotics should not be prescribed for colds this decline affects at least two distinct spheres of
because antibiotics are not effective against the mental activity; examples of such spheres include
viruses that cause colds. ‐‐‐‐ Another dangerous memory, verbal fluency, calculating ability, and
public health consequence of antibiotics is the understanding of time and location. ‐‐‐‐ However,
emergence of strains of bacteria that are resistant this may be difficult to detect when these are
to these medications due to overuse.
already limited, either by choice or by another
A) Similarly, individuals have varied reactions to
mental or physical disorder. As a result, the most
different cold medications and may find some more
recent and most authoritative definition does not
helpful than others.
include this criterion.
B) Furthermore, antibiotics should not be
A) Identification of difficulties in thinking and
prescribed unnecessarily because they can produce
side effects such as rash and diarrhoea. learning started to occur in the late 18th century.
C) Overall, antibiotics may be informally defined as B) Psychiatrists have sought to define disorders in
the subgroup of anti‐infectives that are derived ways that would help reveal their causes.
from bacterial sources. C) There are concerns about the safety of
D) Occasionally, a cold will lead to a secondary antipsychotic agents used to treat behavioural
bacterial infection that causes bronchitis, sinus symptoms of dementia.
infection, or a middle ear infection. D) Some definitions of dementia also require that it
E) Generally, many doctors encounter patients interferes with a person's work and social life.
seeking antibiotic treatment for cold symptoms that E) In Europe, dementia is more common than stroke
may resolve on their own. in terms of both incidence and prevalence.

10
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

60. (I) The larynx is an organ situated at the front of 63. (I) Touch is our very first sense connection to
the neck above the windpipe, which contains the the world from birth and a fundamental human
vocal cords. (II) The larynx contains several need throughout our entire life span. (II) It is a
cartilages ‐ one of which, the thyroid cartilage forms powerful form of nourishment that goes right to the
the Adam's apple – bound together by muscles and core of the parts of ourselves where only that
ligaments. (III) When they are infected, this often 'silent' language can fully express what we are
makes speaking very difficult and extremely painful. feeling. (III) In this digital age, it seems we are out
(IV) Within are the two vocal cords: folds of tissue of touch with this vital non‐verbal connection. (IV)
separated by a narrow slit, the glottis. (V) The vocal Whether we receive a pleasant caress, a pat on the
cords modify the flow of exhaled air through the back, a massage or just a handshake, being touched
glottis to produce the sounds of speech and song. by another human being can evoke positive
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V emotions, healing physical sensations, and spiritual
growth. (V) When this happens, the sensation we
receive can play a role in putting us back on our feet
in terms of trust, relaxation, and deep connection.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) Bruises change colour over time in a 64. (I) Apples have been used in multiple idioms:
predictable pattern, so it is possible to estimate 'the apple of my eye', 'the apple never falls far from
when an injury has occurred by the colour of the the tree' and, probably most famously, 'an apple a
bruise. (II) Initially, a bruise will be reddish and day keeps the doctor away'. (II) It is best to eat
appear just under the skin. (III) After one to two organically grown apples as they are one of the
days, the red blood cells begin to break down, and fruits with the highest use of pesticides when
the bruise will darken to a blue or purplish colour. farmed otherwise. (III) Apples certainly have
(IV) This fades to green at about day six. (V) Long anecdotal celebrity, and maybe this is due to their
periods of standing will cause the blood that myriad health benefits. (IV) They are one of the
collects in a bruise to flow through tissues. best sources of pectin, a non‐digestible fibre, and
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V many different polyphenols, types of antioxidant
compounds, that can also have a feeding effect for
gut bacteria. (V) There has also been a link between
apples and better blood sugar regulation that can
help with weight management.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) Weight and muscle tone along with a 65. (I) Screening is the testing of people who are at
frequent exercise can affect how well the bladder risk of a disorder but do not have any symptoms. (II)
works. (II) Keeping excess pounds off can improve Screening can allow for early treatment, sometimes
control by minimising pressure on the bladder. (III) keeping disorders from turning deadly. (III) For
People who do not have any body weight issues example, abnormalities of the cervix or colon can be
should try Kegel exercises to strengthen and better diagnosed and cured before they turn cancerous.
their bladders. (IV) Caffeine, citrus juices, and (IV) One of the most common causes of cancer
alcohol can also irritate bladder muscles and cause death among American women is cervical cancer.
leaks when consumed too much. (V) As an (V) Screening programmes have greatly reduced the
alternative, Pilates, a system of exercise that number of deaths associated with a great number
involves controlled movements, stretching and of abnormalities and disorders.
breathing, may also help prevent incontinence. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

11
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Celiac disease occurs when the body reacts 67. The study with random blood samples in the
abnormally to gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye US shows that ‐‐‐‐.
and barley. It may be discovered from infancy A) each person with celiac disease is affected
through adulthood with no particular risk groups. almost completely differently
The disorder is more commonly found among white B) the symptoms of celiac disease might be
Europeans or in people of European descent. It is different from other conditions
very unusual to find celiac disease in African or C) celiac disease may be more prevalent among
Asian people. The exact incidence of the disease is individuals than it is actually thought
uncertain. Estimates vary from one in 5,000 to as D) celiac disease is diagnosed more accurately in
many as one in every 300 individuals with this the US when compared to Europe
background. The prevalence of celiac disease seems E) celiac disease can be easily discovered during
to be different from one European country to testing for certain genetic disorders
another, and between Europe and the United
States. This may be due to differences in diet or
unrecognised disease. A recent study of random
blood samples tested for celiac disease in the US
showed one in 250 testing positive, which suggests
that the disease could be more common than
health authorities estimate. The disease might be
underdiagnosed, probably due to the symptoms
being attributed to another problem. One thing,
however, is certain: because of the known genetic
component, relatives of patients with celiac disease
are at higher risk of the disorder.

66. According to the passage, celiac disease ‐‐‐‐. 68. According to the passage, which of the
A) is likely to occur at any age following factors poses a higher risk for a person to
B) can be diagnosed more easily in infants develop celiac disease?
C) affects all European countries to the same extent A) Having unhealthy dietary habits
D) contributes to the severity of other health B) Being descended from African or Asian ancestors
problems C) Having a relative with celiac disease
E) is less prevalent in the US than in Europe D) Living in a country where barley is excessively
consumed
E) Belonging to a certain age group

12
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Despite extensive study, understanding of 70. Which of the following can be understood from
depression is so elusive that there is no traditional the passage about the treatment of depression?
biomedical approach to it yet. The concept is a A) Treatment of depression can be offered in
broad spectrum of types, subtypes, and severity. Its different forms with varying success rates.
origins are also intricate, with evidence for many B) Behavioural intervention precedes the other two
possible roots such as genetics, gut bacteria, diet, kinds of treatment since it has proven to be more
hormones, childhood trauma, and yes, brain effective.
chemistry, among others. The answer is likely to be C) More than half of the treatment attempts appear
a complex interaction of factors and different for to be successful thanks to appropriate personal
everyone. One thing we do know is that, globally, adjustments.
depression affects 300 million people and rising. D) The most challenging point about depression is
The standard clinical approach is some combination to identify its source rather than the best treatment
of behavioural interventions, plus counselling and options.
medication. Due to the individual nature of E) There has been an increase in the number of
depression, treatment is a set of trials, errors, and people being treated through medication.
adjustments. We also know that treatment may fail
in up to 50 percent of cases. With so many people
experiencing this crippling disorder, often without
relief, depression has never been something to be
quiet about thanks to credible voices on the topic.
Though some people tend to hide themselves at the
initial phases of the treatment or even keep
themselves from seeking help with the fear of being
labelled, there have been always many others such
as bloggers, researchers, clinicians and brave
patients speaking their truth about this disease.

69. According to the passage, factors causing 71. Which could be inferred from the passage?
depression ‐‐‐‐. A) Depression has always been a topic of discussion,
A) have been precisely detected thanks to detailed about which many people have put forward their
studies conducted in the field ideas.
B) have mainly originated from biological roots B) Patients who are afraid of mentioning their
which can be detected via genetics studies illnesses for fear that other people may easily label
C) are basically categorised according to the them are criticised by bloggers.
severity of the impact they create C) Those who have recently started treatment are
D) can be related to more than one type of source advised to remain silent until it is known whether
and may differ from one patient to other the treatment is effective.
E) have been thought to be extremely severe if they D) All people who have something to say about
are rooted in brain chemistry depression should make their voices heard to help
clinicians to come up with an effective treatment.
E) Patients should be encouraged to break their
silence in order to encourage other people to seek
help for depression.

13
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Food contamination refers to foods that are spoiled 73. Which of the following is true according to the
or tainted because they either contain passage?
microorganisms, such as bacteria or parasites, or A) Washing our food well before eating is the best
toxic substances that make them unfit for precaution for contamination.
consumption. This is a serious issue because it B) Food is vulnerable to contaminants during
results in foodborne diseases that each year affect production and distribution.
an estimated 76 million people. This kind of C) Meat and poultry are contaminated with the
contamination can be microbial or environmental, water used during their production process.
with the former being more common. D) The leading environmental food contaminants
Environmental contaminants that can enter the are pesticides and heavy metals.
food supply chain include pesticides, heavy metals, E) While being distributed, food is less likely to be
and other chemical agents. Many opportunities contaminated by chemical agents.
exist for food to become contaminated as it is
produced and distributed. To start with, bacteria
are present in the animals raised for food. Meat and
poultry can become contaminated during slaughter
through cross‐contamination from intestinal faecal
matter. Similarly, fresh fruits and vegetables can be
contaminated if they are washed using water
contaminated with animal manure or human
sewage. During food processing, contamination is
also possible from infected food handlers. Lastly,
poor hygiene in the home is also a factor.

72. It is stated in the passage that food 74. What is the passage mainly about?
contamination ‐‐‐‐. A) The protection methods against food
A) is more often caused by microbial factors contamination
B) leads to an increase in mortality rates every year B) Foodborne diseases caused by food
C) can be more visible when it is caused by toxic contamination
materials C) Different factors that causes foods to be
D) mainly arises at the food production stage contaminated
E) is more dangerous if it is caused by D) The consequences of food contamination with
environmental factors statistics
E) The importance of hygiene in our homes to
prevent food contamination

14
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Anyone with a pet probably knows much about 76. It is clearly stated in the passage that the gut of
what goes into the food bowl and comes out the your pet ‐‐‐‐.
other end, but there is more to the gastrointestinal A) cannot alone react effectively to bad bacteria if it
(GI) tract than you think. The gastrointestinal tract is not supported by probiotics
digests your pet's food, but that is not all. Gut B) cannot be protected from bad bacteria if
bacteria, or flora, are a key component of GI health. different probiotics are taken together, so pet
Those flora help digest nutrients and synthesise owners should prefer a specific type
vitamins. Approximately 70% of the immune system C) deteriorates in terms of its functions in digestion
is in the gut, which acts as the barrier through as your pet ages because the number of bad
which nutrients pass into the rest of the body. The bacteria increases dramatically
right balance of gut bacteria also creates a robust D) is an important part of the immune system and
immune response to stressors like travel and controls which nutrients will be sent to the other
dietary changes. The more beneficial bacteria there parts of the body
are, the better the response to an invasion of bad E) should consist of different kinds and amounts of
bacteria, which could cause illness like stomach bacteria for your pet to have a healthy and long life
upset or diarrhoea. Probiotic supplements can be
given to relieve these complaints in your pet. The
supplements contain live microorganisms that help
populate the GI tract with beneficial flora. When
your pet eats probiotics as a supplement or in food,
its gut's good bacteria becomes fortified, and that
helps support GI functions like digestion and
immunity. It is especially important during a pet's
first year and as it ages, but any time its stool is
inconsistent, there could be a GI imbalance.

75. According to the passage, gut bacteria ‐‐‐‐. 77. Which could be the best title for this passage?
A) may cause stomach upset or diarrhoea when A) The Use of Probiotics in Pets
extremely supported by probiotic supplements B) Digestion Problems in Humans and Animals
B) play a fundamental role in sustaining the GI C) Improving the Immune System with Supplements
health of your pet D) Essential Nutrients and Vitamins for Pets
C) should be supported with vitamins as they E) Healthy Gut, Healthy Pet
diminish gradually with age
D) decrease both in humans and their pets during
travel due to dietary changes
E) need continuous flow of supplements to digest
nutrients and synthesise vitamins

15
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

There are no health reasons to cut down on eating 79. It is clearly stated in the passage that ‐‐‐‐.
red or processed meat, according to a new review A) a person can choose not to eat meat for reasons
of the evidence. Numerous health authorities have other than health
said for decades that we should limit our intake of B) processed meat causes more damage to the
red meat because it is high in saturated fat, thought body than red meat
to raise cholesterol levels and cause heart attacks. C) people do not tend to change their diets even if
More recently, both red and processed meat have they experience health problems caused by eating
been linked with cancer. However, most research in meat
this area is unreliable, as it only observes what D) Johnston and his colleagues recommend eating
people choose to eat. The best research involves less meat because high consumption of meat leads
randomised trials in which some people are helped to several health problems
to change their diet in a certain way, such as eating E) research with randomised trials has shown that
less meat, and the rest are not, with their health eating processed meat increases the risk of
compared at the end. Such trials are rarer because developing cancer
they are costly and hard to run. Bradley Johnston of
Dalhousie University in Canada and his colleagues
reviewed the 12 randomised trials that have been
done in this area, and found little or no health
benefit for people who cut down on eating meat.
The authors conclude that people should continue
to eat their current levels of red and processed
meat unless they feel inclined to change them.
However, they add that some might want to change
their diet for animal welfare or environmental
reasons. Thus, it seems that further research must
be done to clearly see the effects of meat
consumption.

78. According to the passage, most research on 80. The main aim of the author is to inform the
health effects of eating red or processed meat is reader about ‐‐‐‐.
unreliable because it is ‐‐‐‐. A) the misconceptions related to randomised trials
A) difficult to find subjects who are willing to B) the dangers of red and processed meat
change their diets C) why health authorities suggest us to eat less
B) time‐consuming and difficult to conduct with meat
large groups D) the benefits of reducing meat intake
C) merely based on observation of people's food E) the necessity of more research on meat
preferences consumption
D) done on people who have already had serious
health problems
E) supported by a limited number of health
authorities

16 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

1 E 21 B 41 D 61 E
2 C 22 B 42 D 62 D
3 C 23 D 43 D 63 C
4 E 24 D 44 B 64 B
5 E 25 D 45 C 65 D
6 C 26 D 46 C 66 A
7 A 27 B 47 B 67 C
8 D 28 A 48 E 68 C
9 A 29 C 49 C 69 D
10 C 30 E 50 C 70 A
11 D 31 E 51 A 71 A
12 B 32 D 52 D 72 A
13 B 33 B 53 B 73 B
14 C 34 D 54 A 74 C
15 B 35 D 55 C 75 B
16 A 36 B 56 C 76 D
17 D 37 E 57 B 77 E
18 A 38 C 58 C 78 C
19 A 39 B 59 D 79 A
20 C 40 C 60 C 80 E
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

1. Most of the rare gases have been detected in 5. Greenhouse gases become a problem when the
small amounts in earth minerals and in meteorites, atmosphere ‐‐‐‐ too much of them, which is
but are found in greater ‐‐‐‐ in the Earth's happening today as our vehicles and industries are
atmosphere. pumping out an array of gases.
A) intervention B) abundance A) distracts B) narrows
C) deprivation D) weakness C) pollutes D) destroys
E) replacement E) contains

2. Epidemiologists have increasingly focused on 6. Albert Einstein consulted his friends and
environmental and lifestyle factors, of which diet colleagues to ‐‐‐‐ the best way to proceed in his
and ‐‐‐‐ to carcinogenic chemicals are generally research requiring a high level of mathematical
seen as the central risk factors for various cancer expertise.
types. A) put off B) throw away
A) priority B) conversion C) turn down D) give up
C) exposure D) objection E) figure out
E) appeal

3. In a desert, groundwater is a ‐‐‐‐ source of life to 7. In recent times, a number of prominent

plants, which can produce roots that are dozens of scientists ‐‐‐‐ the question of whether habitable
meters long, to reach down from the dry surface to planets ‐‐‐‐ or not.
the water below. A) had been taking up / will exist
A) vital B) threatening B) have taken up / exist
C) deliberate D) bizarre C) had taken up / could exist
E) trivial D) took up / have existed
E) will be taking up / had existed

4. Technological advances are ‐‐‐‐ accompanied by 8. All living things ‐‐‐‐ the Earth ‐‐‐‐ highly complex
risks which raise important ethical issues that need relationships between themselves and with their
to be dealt with by the societies producing these environments.
technologies. A) to have inhabited / always formed
A) incompetently B) inaccurately B) to be inhabiting / would always form
C) unconsciously D) inevitably C) to inhabit / had always formed
E) irresponsibly D) inhabiting / have always formed
E) having inhabited / will always form

1
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

9. A few years ago, people in England were 13. ‐‐‐‐ emissions of greenhouse gases were to halt
surprised to find their cars covered ‐‐‐‐ dust that immediately, temperatures would be expected to
had blown ‐‐‐‐ the Sahara Desert. rise by about 0.6°C over in this century.
A) beyond / away B) to / by A) Only when B) Even if
C) on / at D) in / from C) While D) Because
E) for / along E) Just as

10. Quantum mechanics has radically changed our 14. Extreme heat due to global warming poses one
views ‐‐‐‐ reality and has come to play a critical of the biggest threats to drivers across the US ‐‐‐‐
role ‐‐‐‐ today's most important technologies. high temperatures cause asphalt to split more
A) to / above B) between / under quickly.
C) on / in D) from / through A) unless B) because
E) at / with C) although D) in order that
E) until

11. The body has the ability to fight off many 15. Descartes was the first to publish a detailed
pathogenic organisms that may gain entrance ‐‐‐‐ account of how to use coordinates for locating
an opening in the skin or ‐‐‐‐ other means. points in space ‐‐‐‐ Fermat had developed the
A) through / by B) with / below concept slightly earlier.
C) to / off D) under / for A) although B) by the time
E) on / from C) provided that D) since
E) so that

12. A bite from a funnel web spider delivers 16. The normal function of antibodies is to detect
neurotoxins that can kill an adult human in hours; ‐ foreign substances and flag them for destruction, ‐
‐‐‐, they might be our friends in the fight against ‐‐‐ helping to fight infection.
the small hive beetle, a new threat to bees. A) instead B) thus
A) therefore B) in other words C) otherwise D) yet
C) for example D) however E) still
E) accordingly

2
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

17. ‐‐‐‐ repeated attempts, nobody has ever The field of forensic science is the study and
reached the bottom of Lake Baikal in Siberia, practice of the application of natural sciences for
which is the world's deepest and largest the purpose of the law. One of the disciplines in
freshwater lake. forensic science is forensic serology, which involves
A) Because of B) Despite the identification and characterisation of blood and
C) In terms of D) By means of blood fluids, either [21]‐‐‐‐ a liquid or dried state, in
E) Unlike association with a criminal or civil investigation. The
components of blood have the potential of being a
highly [22]‐‐‐‐ feature for personal identification.
Blood and dried bloodstains are two of the most
frequently encountered types of evidence in
criminal investigation of crimes [23]‐‐‐‐ homicides
18. ‐‐‐‐ numerous missions to the Red Planet, we and assaults. Forensic serologists [24]‐‐‐‐ to identify
now know that in its early infancy, Mars had a blood and bloodstains found at crime scenes since
strong magnetic field, created by convection the 1900s. [25]‐‐‐‐ forensic serologists can
currents of molten metals in the planet's core. individualise human blood by identifying all of its
A) In comparison to B) Thanks to known factors, the result could be evidence of the
C) In spite of D) Rather than strongest kind for linking a suspect to the crime
E) In the absence of scene or finding a lost victim.

21.
A) in B) against
C) upon D) for
E) at
19. In a double‐blind study, ‐‐‐‐ the subjects of the
experiment ‐‐‐‐ the persons administering the 22.
experiment know the critical aspects of the A) reversible B) distinctive
experiment so as to avoid experimenter bias as C) frightening D) redundant
well as placebo effects. E) adverse
A) other / than B) such / that
C) so / that D) neither / nor 23.
E) the more / the more A) regardless of B) for the sake of
C) contrary to D) instead of
E) such as

24.
A) have attempted B) had attempted
20. A recent scientific paper proposed that orcas C) attempted D) were attempting
may be the only mammals, other than ourselves, E) will attempt
‐‐‐ genes have actually been changed by culture.
A) when B) what 25.
C) which D) whose A) Whereas B) Given that
E) why C) Even if D) Unless
E) In order that

3
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

The muscles dragonflies use to fly are directly 31. Because of the changing attitudes towards the
attached to their wings, which are further usefulness of dams and their possible harm to the
strengthened by a number of veins. This means the environment, ‐‐‐‐.
largest dragonflies can reach heights of almost A) the most famous dam failure in the US was that
2,000 metres, [26]‐‐‐‐ them to fly above the of the South Fork Dam in May 1889
strongest winds. Their flexible heads serve as a B) dams were also used to avoid flooding and to
navigation device. They are able to capture up to facilitate transportation
175 images per second [27]‐‐‐‐ their compound C) dams were already being built to provide water
eyes, which are actually made up of 30,000 storage and irrigation even before the advent of
individual eyes. They can also see a far wider written history
spectrum of colours than humans. The dragonfly D) advances in dam engineering in the first half of
also has three so‐called simple eyes, which have the 20th century led to the golden age of dam
one lens to measure brightness and act as optical construction
stabilisers. [28]‐‐‐‐ their prey, only one hope E) more than 500 dam removal projects were
remains: a sudden summer downpour. As soon as carried out in the US during the last decades of the
the first drops begin to fall, the insect's clear vision 20th century
is [29]‐‐‐‐. The dragonfly can no longer determine its
flightpath because the water confuses the
32. ‐‐‐‐, but there have been several periods during
compound eyes, making the landscape appear
which climate has drastically shifted, either locally
blurred. [30]‐‐‐‐, the dragonfly is forced to make an
or globally.
emergency landing.
A) Global warming has been an important subject of
the political debate
26.
B) There has never been anything directly
A) to allow B) to be allowed
comparable to the current cycle of human‐induced
C) allowing D) being allowed
global warming
E) to have allowed
C) The world's reef systems have been facing
overwhelming stress due to global warming
27.
D) Global warming requires joint efforts of
A) with the help of B) instead of
governments and international organisations
C) in pursuit of D) as opposed to
E) Scientific projections with respect to global
E) except for
warming depend on the study of the past

28.
A) By B) From 33. Despite the possibility of ending abruptly with
C) Above D) For the return of adequate rainfall, ‐‐‐‐.
E) Behind A) a severe drought, in 1988, hit the sites in
Minnesota where the researchers had been
29. measuring species richness
A) restored B) impaired B) the effects of a drought on the landscape and its
C) sharpened D) received inhabitants may last for years
E) released C) tropical savanna is a type of grassland that is
characterised by seasonal droughts
30. D) the intensity of a drought is measured largely by
A) By comparison B) As a result the ability of the living things to tolerate it
C) Otherwise D) Similarly E) droughts might have also had an enormous
E) For instance impact on people in other dry regions of the world

4
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

34. Although the commonly known honeybee 37. Viruses do not feed or grow, and they cannot
species are native to Europe and Africa only, ‐‐‐‐. reproduce on their own; ‐‐‐‐.
A) the honey is made from nectar, a sweet sap or A) instead, they hijack living cells and force them to
sugar syrup produced by special glands in flowers make copies of themselves
B) honey is, today, still valued as a sweetener and is B) for example, antibiotics are not effective against
used to some extent in medicine viruses
C) the natural home for a honeybee colony is mainly C) however, the taxonomy of viruses is done by a
a hollow tree, log, or cave number of internationally recognised authorities
D) honey was a precious commodity in early D) that is, they can only be seen with an electron
Roman, Greek, and Egyptian civilisations microscope since they are very small
E) humans have transported them to other E) nevertheless, no one knows exactly the source
continents and places where they have flourished where viruses came from

35. Many of the tastiest mushroom species can be 38. Biologists have identified more than 500,000
eaten without any risk; ‐‐‐‐. species of plants in the kingdom Plantae ‐‐‐‐.
A) accordingly, mushroom cultivation appears to A) as roots require oxygen for respiration, which is
have begun in England in the late 18th century why most plants cannot live in soil that lacks air
B) however, some species of edible ones are rather spaces
similar to those that are deadly poisonous B) since photosynthesis takes place in organelles
C) for example, mycophobia, the fear of fungus, is called chloroplasts in plants
common to some people and cultures C) although there are still plenty of undiscovered
D) on the contrary, a number of fungi are used for species found in the tropics
medical purposes D) because the seed plants are the dominant and
E) thus, mushrooms make their living by absorbing most studied group of plants
nutrients from dead and living plants and animals E) if they undergo developmental changes, known
as morphogenesis, while growing

36. Because the population of ducks have been 39. Solar eclipses are not actually rarer than lunar
badly depleted by overhunting, ‐‐‐‐. eclipses, ‐‐‐‐.
A) the best aquatic habitat for ducks are those with A) in fact, they occur in equal numbers, usually
relatively shallow water about two of each per year
B) lead shot is an important type of toxic pollution B) as a result, a total solar eclipse only casts a
that kills large numbers of ducks shadow about 480 km wide across the Earth
C) the loss of natural cavities has been an important C) that is, a lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth
cause of the decline of the wood duck passes between the Moon and the Sun
D) conservation has become a high priority for D) although many people miscalculate when exactly
several governments and private agencies a lunar eclipse will be visible to the eye
E) the most important breeding habitats for ducks E) therefore, these events had a religious purpose
in North America occur in the fringing marshes for some old civilisations

5
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

40. Artificial vision implants are often able to 42. Although the word 'electric' was first used in
improve one's ability to recognise shapes and the 16th century, it was only after the Scientific
movements ‐‐‐‐. Revolution in the 18th century that serious
A) whereas a number of varying designs are being investigation of electricity began.
used in clinical trials A) Elektriğin ciddi bir şekilde araştırılması ancak 18.
B) because they may sometimes not be compatible yüzyıldaki Bilimsel Devrim'den sonra başlasa da
with the patient 'elektrik' kelimesi ilk olarak 16. yüzyılda kullanılmıştır.
C) although the implants have made life easier for B) 'Elektrik' kelimesi ilk olarak 16. yüzyılda
those with poor vision kullanılmış olsa da elektriğin ciddi bir şekilde
D) since the resolution of the artificial systems is an araştırılması ancak 18. yüzyıldaki Bilimsel
important consideration in their design Devrim'den sonra başlamıştır.
E) even though none of the currently available C) Elektriğin ciddi bir şekilde araştırılması ancak 18.
technologies restores full vision yüzyıldaki Bilimsel Devrim'den sonra mümkün
olmuştur, fakat 'elektrik' kelimesi ilk olarak 16.
yüzyılda kullanılmıştır.
D) Elektriğin ciddi bir şekilde araştırılması ancak 18.
yüzyıldaki Bilimsel Devrim'den sonra gerçekleşse de
'elektrik' kelimesi ilk olarak 16. yüzyılda kullanılmıştır.
E) 'Elektrik' kelimesi ilk olarak 16. yüzyılda
kullanılmıştır, ancak elektriğin ciddi bir şekilde
araştırılması 18. yüzyıldaki Bilimsel Devrim
sonrasında başlamıştır.

43. Heat generated by nuclear reactions below the

ground creates hugely powerful currents that
make rocks move by triggering earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions.
A) Yerin altındaki nükleer reaksiyonların tetiklediği
depremler ve volkanik patlamalar, kayaları ısıyla
hareket ettirerek çok güçlü akıntılar oluşturur.
B) Nükleer reaksiyonların ürettiği ısı, yerin altında
oldukça güçlü akıntılar oluşturur ve deprem ve
volkanik patlamaları tetikleyerek kayaları hareket
41. Monitor lizards, like all lizards are most ettirir.
energetic after heated by the morning sun ‐‐‐‐. C) Yerin altında oluşan nükleer reaksiyonların ısısı
A) since their muscles work much more efficiently kayaları hareket ettiren çok güçlü akıntılar
when they are warm oluştururken depremleri ve volkanik patlamaları da
B) although cell division contributes to the tetikler.
regeneration of a lizard's ta ii D) Yerin altındaki nükleer reaksiyonların ürettiği ısı,
C) while the world's largest lizard is the extremely depremleri ve volkanik patlamaları tetiklediğinde
impressive Komodo dragon kayaların hareket etmesini sağlayan çok güçlü
D) as they grow replacement teeth in the gaps akıntılar oluşturur.
between their mature teeth E) Yerin altında nükleer reaksiyonlar tarafından
E) given that these lizards may see water as a safe üretilen ısı, depremleri ve volkanik patlamaları
place when threatened tetikleyerek kayaları hareket ettiren oldukça güçlü
akıntılar oluşturur.

6
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

44. Proteins are large and complex molecules that 46. Instead of applying pesticides to an entire field,
do most of the work in cells and they are necessary farmers could save time thanks to drones with
for the structure, function and regulation of the artificial intelligence, which can spot plants in
body's tissues and organs. need.
A) Vücuttaki doku ve organların yapısı, işlevi ve A) Çiftçiler bütün tarlaya haşere ilacı uygulamak
yönetimi için gerekli olan proteinler, büyük ve yerine yapay zekâya sahip uzaktan kumandalı hava
karmaşık moleküllerden oluşurlar ve hücrelerdeki araçları sayesinde ihtiyacı olan bitkileri belirleyerek
çoğu işi gerçekleştirirler. zamandan tasarruf edebilirler.
B) Hücrelerdeki çoğu işi gerçekleştiren proteinler, B) Bütün tarlaya haşere ilacı uygulamak yerine
vücudun doku ve organlarının yapısı, işlevi ve ihtiyacı olan bitkileri seçebilen yapay zekâya sahip
yönetimi için gerekli olan büyük ve karmaşık uzaktan kumandalı hava araçları kullanmak,
moleküllerdir. çiftçilerin zamandan tasarruf etmelerini sağlayabilir.
C) Büyük ve karmaşık moleküllerden oluşan C) Çiftçiler bütün tarlaya haşere ilacı
proteinler, hücrelerdeki çoğu işi gerçekleştirirler ve uygulamaktansa, ihtiyacı olan bitkileri saptayabilen
vücuttaki doku ve organların yapısı, işlevi ve yapay zekâya sahip uzaktan kumandalı hava araçları
yönetimi için gereklidirler. sayesinde zamandan tasarruf edebilirler.
D) Proteinler, hücrelerdeki çoğu işi gerçekleştiren D) Çiftçiler haşere ilacına ihtiyaç duyan bitkileri
büyük ve karmaşık moleküllerdir ve vücudun doku saptayabilen yapay zekâya sahip uzaktan kumandalı
ve organlarının yapısı, işlevi ve yönetimi için hava araçları sayesinde bütün tarlaya haşere ilacı
gereklidirler. uygulamak zorunda kalmadan zamandan tasarruf
E) Proteinler, büyük ve karmaşık moleküller edebilirler.
oldukları için hücrelerdeki çoğu işi gerçekleştirirler E) Çiftçiler bütün tarlaya haşere ilacı
ve vücudun doku ve organlarının yapısı, işlevi ve uygulamaktansa, ihtiyacı olan bitkileri belirleyebilen
yönetimi için gereklidirler. yapay zekâya sahip uzaktan kumandalı hava
araçlarından faydalandıklarında zamandan tasarruf
45. A deviation in the gene huntingtin, which plays edebilirler.
an important role in the developments of the
nervous system before birth, causes a disease
known as Huntington's.
A) Doğumdan önce sinir sisteminin gelişmesinde 47. Increasing destruction of the Amazon
önemli bir rol oynayan huntingtin genindeki bir rainforest, which is a vital store of carbon, makes it
sapma, Huntington olarak bilinen bir hastalığa yol difficult for us to reduce global carbon emissions.
açmaktadır. A) Amazon yağmur ormanları önemli bir karbon
B) Doğumdan önce sinir sisteminin gelişmesinde deposudur, ancak artan tahribatına bağlı olarak
önemli bir rol oynayan huntingtin geninde bir küresel karbon salınımlarını azaltmamız zorlaşmıştır.
sapma meydana geldiğinde Huntington olarak B) Önemli bir karbon deposu olan Amazon yağmur
bilinen bir hastalık ortaya çıkmaktadır. ormanlarının artan tahribatı, küresel karbon
C) Huntingtin geni, doğumdan önce sinir sisteminin salınımlarını azaltmamızı zorlaştırıyor.
gelişmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır ve bu C) Önemli bir karbon deposu olan Amazon yağmur
gendeki bir sapma, Huntington olarak bilinen bir ormanlarının tahribatındaki artış yüzünden küresel
hastalığa yol açmaktadır. karbon salınımlarını azaltmamız zorlaşmıştır.
D) Huntington hastalığının sebebinin, doğumdan önce D) Önemli bir karbon deposu olan Amazon yağmur
sinir sisteminin gelişmesinde önemli bir rol oynayan ormanlarının tahribatındaki artış, küresel karbon
huntingtin genindeki bir sapma olduğu bilinmektedir. salınımlarını azaltmamızı zor bir hale getirmiştir.
E) Huntingtin geni, doğumdan önce sinir sisteminin E) Küresel karbon salınımlarını azaltmamızı
gelişmesinde önemli bir rol oynadığı için bu gendeki zorlaştıran sebep, önemli bir karbon deposu olan
bir sapma, Huntington olarak bilinen bir hastalığa Amazon yağmur ormanlarının artan tahribatıdır.
yol açmaktadır.

7
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

48. Aşırı gübre kullanımı yer altı sularında nitrat 50. Esasında 12,7 milyar yıl önce Güneş benzeri bir
seviyelerini artırabilir, ki bu da suyu insan tüketimi yıldız etrafında şekillen Methuselah gezegeni,
için elverişsiz hale getirebilir. evrendeki pek çok olaya tanıklık etmiş bilge bir
A) When nitrate levels increase in groundwater due yaşlı ruh gibi görünür.
to excessive use of fertilisers, the water could A) The planet Methuselah, which seems like a wise
old soul who has witnessed many occurrences in
become unfit for human consumption.
the universe, originally formed around a Sun‐like
B) Excessive use of fertilisers can increase the levels
star 12.7 billion years ago.
of nitrate in groundwater, which could render the B) The planet Methuselah, which originally formed
water unfit for human consumption. around a Sun‐like star 12.7 billion years ago, seems
C) Nitrate levels may increase in groundwater as a like a wise old soul who has witnessed many
result of excessive use of fertilisers, and this can occurrences in the universe.
make the water unfit for human consumption. C) The planet Methuselah originally formed around
D) If fertilisers are excessively used, this can a Sun‐like star 12.7 billion years ago, which makes it
increase the levels of nitrate in groundwater, which seem like a wise old soul who has witnessed many
could be unfit for human consumption. occurrences in the universe.
D) Seeming like a wise old soul who has witnessed
E) Using fertilisers excessively results in increased
many occurrences in the universe, the planet
levels of nitrate in groundwater, which could render
Methuselah originally formed around a Sun‐like star
the water unfit for human consumption. 12.7 billion years ago.
E) The planet Methuselah originally formed around
a Sun‐like star 12.7 billion years ago, and it seems
like a wise old soul witnessing many occurrences in
the universe.

51. Thomas Edison'un buluşlarıyla ilgili duyuruları

basın aracılığıyla yapma konusundaki istekliliği,
49. Her ne kadar bazı türlerinin kuduz
pazarlama çabalarına destek sağlamış olsa da
taşıyabildikleri doğru olsa da yarasalar çoğu bilimsel şöhreti için sorunlar yaratmıştır.
insanın gözden kaçırdığı pek çok önemli ekolojik A) While Thomas Edison's willingness to make
fayda sağlarlar. announcements about his inventions through the
A) Although it is true that some of their species can press aided his marketing efforts, it created
carry rabies, bats provide many crucial ecological problems for his scientific reputation.
benefits that most people overlook. B) Thomas Edison's scientific reputation was
B) While it is a fact that some species of bats carry damaged by his willingness to make announcements
rabies, they are overlooked by many people when it about his inventions using the press although it
contributed to his marketing efforts.
comes to the crucial ecological benefits they
C) Thomas Edison's marketing efforts were
provide.
supported by his willingness to make
C) Despite the fact that some of their species may
announcements about his inventions through the
carry rabies, it is true that bats provide many crucial press, but his scientific reputation was ruined by it.
ecological benefits which are overlooked by many D) What caused problems for Thomas Edison's
people. scientific reputation was his willingness to make
D) Though they provide many crucial ecological announcements about his inventions using the press,
benefits that many people overlook, it is a fact that despite being beneficial for his marketing efforts.
some species of bats are known to carry rabies. E) Thomas Edison's willingness to make
E) Even if rabies can be transmitted by some species announcements about his inventions using the
of bats, they do provide many crucial ecological press contributed to his marketing efforts, yet it
created problems for his scientific reputation.
benefits that are overlooked by most people.

8
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

52. Bir uçakta ne tür bir güç sistemi kullanılırsa 54. Written numbers, in the form of tallies at first,
kullanılsın, havacılık mühendisleri sürekli olarak preceded any known form of written words. A
uçağın aerodinamik özelliklerini geliştirecek yeni major development of the period after the
tasarımlar araştırırlar. Agricultural Revolution was the invention of ways
A) No matter what kind of power system is used in more complex than tallies to record numbers,
an aircraft, aeronautical engineers constantly leading eventually to numeration systems. ‐‐‐‐ It is
search for new designs that will improve the not clear how writing arose in other parts of the
aerodynamic properties of the aircraft. world, but numerals probably preceded words in
B) Other than the power system that is used in an eastern Asia and in the Americas as well.
aircraft, aeronautical engineers constantly look for
A) In Mesopotamia, the early ways of recording
new designs to improve the aerodynamic properties
numbers seem to have led directly to writing.
of the aircraft.
B) Later, something closer to true geometry also
C) Aeronautical engineers always search for new
arose in both Egypt and Mesopotamia, with
designs that will improve the aerodynamic
improvements in the ability to measure.
properties of an aircraft in addition to the power
system used in the aircraft. C) In Mesopotamia, the base‐60 system of
D) Although aeronautical engineers know what kind numeration led to a mathematics capable of solving
of power system is used in an aircraft, they always quadratic equations.
search for new designs that will improve its D) Toward the end of the period, symbols used for
aerodynamic properties. zero as a place holder were introduced.
E) Rather than the power system used in an aircraft, E) Systems of measurement, like numeration
new designs that will improve the aircraft's systems, appear to have arisen from trade needs.
aerodynamic properties are constantly searched by
aeronautical engineers. 55. ‐‐‐‐ The first farmers of northern China
primarily grew millet, starting as early as 11,500
53. Mühürlerin ıslak kil tabletlere basıldığı bir years ago. Millet is a drought‐tolerant, small‐
teknolojinin ilk kez Babiller tarafından kullanılmış seeded grain in the grass family that today is
olduğu bilinse de matbaayı muhtemelen Çinliler mostly grown in East Asia. According to historical
icat etmiştir. records and early recipes, by the Tang dynasty,
A) It is claimed that the Chinese invented the printing, wheat had replaced millet. As a result, it actually
but it was the Babylonians who first used a technology became the region's major crop. Unfortunately,
in which seals were pressed into damp clay tablets. little is known about exactly how or why this shift
B) The Babylonians are known to have first
occurred.
developed a technology in which seals were pressed
A) Apart from being versatile in cooking, wheat
into damp clay tablets, but the Chinese probably
grows faster and has a consistently higher yield
invented the printing.
than millet once found in the staple diet.
C) It is known that the Babylonians first used a
B) The Tang dynasty is known to have reigned
technology in which seals were pressed into damp
clay tablets, but the printing was probably invented between 618 and 907 CE.
by the Chinese. C) Although China is the world's biggest consumer
D) Although a technology in which seals were of wheat which is mainly used to produce a host of
pressed into damp clay tablets is known to have pastries, it was not always the case.
been first used by the Babylonians, the Chinese D) Many early writers commented that wheat gruel,
probably invented the printing. but not millet, was food solely consumed in times of
E) While a technology in which seals were pressed desperation.
into damp clay tablets is thought to have been first E) The most likely reason that people across China
developed by the Babylonians, the printing was started to grow wheat was its alternating optimal
probably invented by the Chinese. sowing season with millet.

9
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

56. Tackling climate change requires cooperation 58. Fruit rots are the most economically important
on a global scale, bringing together governments, diseases of cranberries. ‐‐‐‐ Higher temperatures
businesses and individuals. We need to gradually during the growing season increase fungal activity
end our reliance on fossil fuels and use renewable and the level of disease. High moisture levels also
energy sources and sustainable transport options. increase disease, because spore release, spore
‐‐‐‐ Nonetheless, they are not sufficient alone and germination, and penetration of the host plant are
proposed methods to remove carbon dioxide from all dependent on the presence of adequate
the atmosphere have not yet been tested on a moisture. Bruising during harvest, sorting, or
large scale. Although our efforts are beginning to packing significantly increases the amount of
pay off and carbon dioxide emissions are slowing
postharvest fruit rot.
in some parts of the world, experts agree that the
A) The production rates of cranberries are
transition to green energy is not happening fast
increasing in European countries thanks to
enough.
sustainable agricultural policies.
A) Environmentally friendly technologies may not
be initially welcomed in some countries. B) Several factors influence the amount of fruit rot
B) If left uncontrolled, climate change will have that occurs.
devastating consequences for our planet and its C) Almost 4 years of growth and care are required
inhabitants. before the first commercial crop is produced.
C) The increased amount of heat caused by ongoing D) Care includes the protection of cranberries from
warming will lead to more tropical storms and frost in spring and fall.
cyclones. E) Practices that reduce fruit rots include rapid
D) New technologies, be it super‐efficient solar drying of the fruit.
panels or electric cars, will play a vital role in
reducing carbon dioxide emissions.
E) We have been releasing a considerable amount 59. Cave exploration is, by its nature, a potentially
of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere to heat our hazardous activity although the relative risk of an
homes and power our cars. accident, and its severity, clearly vary from cave to
cave. In all but the simplest of cases, rescue of an
injured person from a cave poses problems that
57. ‐‐‐‐ They include eyes, olfactory pits, are different from those encountered on the
chemotactile and mechanotactile sensillae on the surface. A cave is a relatively hostile environment
arms, and statocysts capable of detecting direction
in which to perform a rescue. ‐‐‐‐ Hence, there is a
and angle of acceleration as well as static posture.
need for specialist rescue teams who are aware of
The eyes have a cornea and iris diaphragm,
the latest rescue techniques.
amovable lens, and a retina, capable of light and
A) Many tourists are enthusiastic about visiting
dark adaptation. Under totally controlled
experimental conditions, octopuses can be trained caves despite their potential risks.
to distinguish visually between pairs of geometric B) It is completely dark beyond the entrance zone
figures, and tactilely between textures and tastes and there may be other potential hazards, including
of different surfaces. water, low temperatures, and constricted passages.
A) Octopuses are remarkably tough experimental C) Throughout the world, there has been a dramatic
animals and rapidly recover from brain lesions. increase in the number of rescue teams with
B) The brain in an adult octopus may contain over sophisticated equipment.
300 million cells. D) When a person is injured, a factor critical to
C) Rapid and patterned colour changes are possible successful rescue is the time taken to alert the
in octopuses. rescue organisation.
D) Octopuses can swim by jet propulsion but rarely E) The difficulty of the cave and the depth of the
do so, except as an escape mechanism. accident site mean that there may be long hours
E) The sense organs of octopuses are complex and between an injury and the arrival of the rescue
efficient in discrimination. team.

10
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

60. (I) There is no way to predict big earthquakes 63. (I) Oceans appear blue from space for the same
hours or days in advance, and some think it may reason the sky appears blue: ocean waters absorb
never be possible. (II) However, some regions have the other colours of the light spectrum while
early warning systems that issue alerts as soon as reflecting light in the blue part of the spectrum. (II)
the first tremors are detected. (III) This gives people When ocean waters carry little organic matter, the
a few seconds or more of warning before the most colour is a deep blue. (III) Scientists benefit from a
dangerous shaking starts. (IV) Modem buildings are NASA satellite to gather data on global ocean bio‐
usually designed to withstand sizeable earthquakes, optical properties. (IV) If there are marine plants
though many could still be left unusable. (V) For present, more blue light will be absorbed and more
that reason, the US Geological Survey is currently green light reflected, thus changing the ocean's
developing a system called 'ShakeAlert' for all the colour. (V) For example, during hurricanes in the
quake‐sensitive regions. Atlantic Ocean, the blue waters mix with the stirred
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V yellow plant pigments to form a green colour.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) The problem of self‐control has puzzled 64. (I) DNA, the master molecule, is a natural
psychologists and behavioural scientists for decades. polymer which encodes the genetic information
(II) A great deal of research has identified situations required for the growth, development, and
in which self‐control failures are likely to happen and reproduction of an organism. (II) Defects in the DNA
tools to help people exercise better control. (III) For of just one gene can cause a genetic disorder which
instance, research has found that people persist for results in disease because the protein encoded by
longer on tasks that require self‐control when they the defective gene is abnormal. (III) Found in all
know they will be paid for their efforts, or when they cells, it consists of chains of units called nucleotides.
are told that their work will benefit others. (IV) These (IV) Each nucleotide unit contains three
motivating incentives can increase people's self‐ components: the sugar deoxyribose, a phosphate
control, at least up to a point. (V) Likewise, many of group, and a nitrogen‐containing amine or base
the most worrying problems in people's lives, from with a ring‐type structure. (V) The base component
overeating to not working out enough, are caused by can be any of four types: adenine, cytosine, guanine
a lack of self‐control in common. or thymine.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) Primitive people long believed that volcanoes 65. (I) The Moon has played a pivotal role in the
were inhabited by deities or demons that were development of life as well as human development.
highly temperamental, dangerous, and (II) In addition to the 24‐hour rotation period of the
unpredictable. (II) James Hutton was in 1788 the Earth, which may be a direct consequence of lunar
first to attempt to explode the myth associated with formation, ancient people could find their way at
natural disasters. (III) To please those kind of night thanks to the moonlight. (III) The Moon is a
inconsistent characters, humans have for centuries unique satellite in the Solar System, the largest
made the ultimate sacrifice. (IV) There were also relative to its planet. (IV) Moreover, lunar tidal
those who were skeptical of such rites, pointing out effects may have been crucial in providing an
that earlier sacrifices had failed to prevent or stop environment for life to develop. (V) It is also
an eruption. (V) However, the believers have possible that the Moon has stabilised the Earth,
countered with the argument that things would preventing large‐scale excursions that might have
have been much worse without the sacrifice. had catastrophic effects on evolution.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

11
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Whiteout is the condition in which the ground, air, 67. According to the passage, there are two ways
and sky are all a uniform white and no landscape in which a whiteout occurs, and in both cases, ‐‐‐‐.
features are visible. Persons exposed to a whiteout A) nothing with dark colours could be seen
lose their perception of depth and quickly become B) there should be snowflakes falling quickly from
disoriented, so a whiteout is extremely dangerous. the sky
There are two ways in which a whiteout can occur. C) the shadows of some objects get darker
In calm weather, a uniformly white snow surface D) using a flashlight is not helpful to identify objects
may lie beneath low cloud. The cloud diffuses light E) the light is diffused by clouds
passing through it, so light falls on objects evenly
from all sides and there are no shadows.
Consequently, everything appears white. If dark
objects are visible, they appear to float, and it is
impossible to determine their distance. Whiteout
can also occur in a blizzard. Again, the light is
diffused by clouds, but in this case there are also
snowflakes between the cloud base and the ground.
The snowflakes are falling quickly and turning in all
directions, reflecting light in all directions as they do
so. A flashlight is useless in the second type of
whiteout, because the light is scattered by the
falling snowflakes.

66. It is clearly stated in the passage that in a 68. What is the passage mainly about?
whiteout, ‐‐‐‐. A) The description of a natural event together with
A) the snowy surface meets harsh cold weather its effects
B) the ground, air, and sky are alike in terms of B) Reasons why a whiteout gives permanent
colour damage to a person's perception
C) light falls on objects from a certain side C) Factors influencing the occurrence of a whiteout
D) dark objects become more visible since their in a blizzard
distance can be estimated more easily D) The use of a flash light in the occurrences of
E) the weather is relatively warm with clear skies whiteout
E) A natural phenomenon that has not been clearly
understood by scientists yet

12
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

The Florida manatee is a large marine mammal with 70. Which of the following is true about the Florida
a rounded, heavy grey body and a horizontally manatee?
flattened tail. Native Americans hunted manatees A) They stop eating when their habitat is destroyed
for centuries, using their flesh for food, their bones by humans.
for medicine, and their skin for leather. When B) They cannot live comfortably in temperatures
Spanish explorers began colonising the Caribbean below 15° C.
islands in the 16th century, manatee hunting C) Humans are not as dangerous as natural events
increased. Biologists believe this hunting is for them.
responsible for the manatee's initial decline. D) Their horizontally flattened tail causes them to
Natural events, such as sudden changes in water act in a lazy way in water.
temperature, also can be deadly to manatees. In E) The measures introduced by the Florida
the 1980s, three abnormally cold winters in Florida legislature to protect them are criticised by
lowered water temperatures throughout the state. swimmers and divers.
In water below 15° C, manatees become lazy, stop
eating, and eventually die. Many manatees perished
during those cold Florida winters. The greatest
continued threat to manatees, however, comes
from humans. To fix this problem, in 1978, the
Florida legislature passed the Florida Manatee
Sanctuary Act, which designated the entire state a
shelter and a protection area for the animal. In
areas declared manatee shelters, no boats,
swimmers, or divers are allowed.

69. Which could be understood from the passage? 71. What is the primary purpose of the author?
A) Manatees are still being hunted in large amounts A) To emphasise the importance of the Florida
despite measures taken to increase their numbers. Manatee Sanctuary Act for the protection of the
B) The impact of Native Americans on the manatee
manatee's decline was much bigger than that of B) To explain why natural events lead to deadly
Spanish explorers. consequences for the Florida manatee
C) Due to cold Florida winters, manatees have C) To inform the reader about the reasons for the
adapted themselves to living in extremely low water decline in numbers of the Florida manatee
temperatures. D) To highlight that human activities pose serious
D) After Spanish explorers colonised the Caribbean threats to the effective protection of manatees
islands, they did not hunt manatees for a long time E) To encourage the states other than Florida to
as their numbers were decreasing. declare protection areas for manatees
E) For native Americans, manatees were not only a
source of food but also a material used for different
purposes.

13
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Planting trees is widely accepted as a way to 73. One can understand from the passage that
counter global warming, but in the future, this faster growth of a tree ‐‐‐‐.
strategy could become less effective. In a warmer A) has been shown by Büntgen to be an important
world with rising levels of carbon dioxide in the air, advantage for the tree
researchers think trees will grow faster, but this is B) can cause the tree to have a shorter lifespan
not necessarily a good thing. Faster growth may C) could mean a quick recovery of the forests lost
mean a shorter tree life, reducing the amount of recently
time they lock carbon up. A study adds to the D) dramatically increases the amount of carbon
evidence that this is the case. Ulf Büntgen at the dioxide it can absorb from the air
University of Cambridge and his colleagues looked E) means that it will provide more help to alleviate
at tree ring records going back 2,000 years, and the negative effects of global warming
found that the longest‐lived trees were those with
the slowest growth rates. The team studied 1,800
trees, all mountain pines from the Spanish Pyrenees
or the Russian Altai region, which can live up to
about 800 years. Yet, in a warmer world with more
carbon dioxide, these trees might live just 150 years
after growing rapidly. Büntgen says "We should
keep planting trees to tackle climate change, but we
should realise that, on a timescale of centuries, the
carbon these trees seize may not stay there long.
However, it does not mean that the carbon sink of
forests will go away".

72. According to the passage, it is a common belief 74. The underlined word 'seize' in the passage is
that ‐‐‐‐. closest in meaning to ‐‐‐‐.
A) planting trees helps us to fight against global A) jeopardise
warming B) revive
B) the effects of global warming have become more C) store
apparent because of shortened lifespan of trees D) violate
C) the positive effects of planting trees are lessened E) improve
by global warming
D) trees grow more slowly in warm regions, such as
the Spanish Pyrenees
E) a large number of trees can live up to about 800
years

14
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

Tephra is the name given to all the material that 76. It is clear from the passage that ‐‐‐‐.
erupts from a volcano, excluding lava. Tephra A) bombs are heavier than blocks as they are
comes in all shapes and sizes, and is also referred to composed of a hot liquid
as pyroclastic material or fire particles. Geologists B) volcanic eruptions are accompanied by a change
classify tephra according to size and believe that in weather conditions
ash, block, and bombs are the most common types. C) bombs gain a different form when they come in
Ash is a material smaller than two millimetres that contact with air
is emitted from an erupting volcano; it can also D) ash is transported a short distance by wind if it
contain little stones. In a large eruption, ash can carries stones
accumulate to a great thickness and spread out for E) blocks may spread out for thousands of
thousands of kilometres, usually in the direction of kilometres thanks to winds
the prevailing winds. Blocks, on the other hand, are
solid rock emitted from an erupting volcano. They
can be anywhere from the size of a baseball to the
size of a boulder as large as a house. Finally, bombs
are volcanic rocks that are still molten inside; they
are shaped by their passage through the air.
Typically ranging from baseball to basketball size,
they can be bigger than a small plane.

75. According to the passage, tephra ‐‐‐‐. 77. What is the passage mainly about?
A) varies depending on whether it includes lava A) Major characteristics of volcanic eruptions that
B) is generally shaped by lava emit lava and tephra
C) has the same shape in all categories B) Explanation of why tephra occurs and how it
D) consists of various materials in different sizes contributes to volcanic eruptions
E) is categorised based on the intensity of a volcanic C) The impacts of air and wind on the formation of
eruption tephra
D) The definition of tephra together with its widely‐
known categories
E) The spread of ash to different places after a
volcanic eruption

15
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

New studies show that we are easily emotionally 79. Which of the following is true about the study?
influenced by humanoid robots. Scientists from a A) Some subjects in the first group did not want to
leading university made 43 subjects play a quiz deactivate the robot because of emotional
game with a humanoid robot. They were told that concerns.
the aim was to test a new robotic software, so they B) All subjects in the first group refused to
did not know they were being observed. After the deactivate the robot when it cried.
game, the test subjects were told to deactivate the C) The subjects in the second group did not want to
robot, but before their fingers touched the button, shut the robot down although it did not cry.
the robot cried, "No, no, I am afraid of the dark. Do D) Deactivation of the robot meant that the test
not turn me off'. This made almost all test subjects subjects failed to play a quiz game with the robot.
hesitate, and 14 of them refused to press the E) The subjects in the second group were asked to
button. Subsequently, eight test subjects explained deactivate the robot without paying attention to its
they felt sorry for the robot, whereas six said they cry.
did not wish to do something that the robot did not
want them to. The scientists also made another
team take the test without the robot crying. In this
case, the test subjects had no problems shutting the
robot down. According to the scientists, it is deeply
rooted in us that we would rather treat a machine
as a human being than risk that something human is
treated inhumanely. It seems that our reactions to
machines are not very different from those we
show to humans, and we should not treat anything
in a bad manner, be it a human or a machine.

78. It is understood from the passage that before 80. The author's attitude towards the emotional
the test, the subjects ‐‐‐‐. reactions of the subjects to the robot in the test is
A) were not informed that their reactions were ‐‐‐‐.
going to be observed A) Sarcastic
B) were instructed to think and feel like a humanoid B) Pessimistic
robot C) Overcritical
C) were asked to treat the robot as if it were a D) Favouring
human E) Disapproving
D) were not willing to play a quiz game with the
humanoid robot
E) were told that the purpose of the study was to
test the level of interaction of humanoid robots

16 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Mart YÖKDİL

1 B 21 A 41 A 61 E
2 C 22 B 42 B 62 B
3 A 23 E 43 E 63 C
4 D 24 A 44 D 64 B
5 E 25 B 45 A 65 C
6 E 26 C 46 C 66 B
7 B 27 A 47 B 67 E
8 D 28 D 48 B 68 A
9 D 29 B 49 A 69 E
10 C 30 B 50 B 70 B
11 A 31 E 51 A 71 C
12 D 32 B 52 A 72 A
13 B 33 B 53 D 73 B
14 B 34 E 54 A 74 C
15 A 35 B 55 C 75 D
16 B 36 D 56 D 76 C
17 B 37 A 57 E 77 D
18 B 38 C 58 B 78 A
19 D 39 A 59 B 79 A
20 D 40 E 60 D 80 D
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

1. Rome fought three great wars against the 5. Infants become emotionally attached to the
Phoenician city of Carthage in Africa, which ended people with whom they ‐‐‐‐ most often and most
with the total destruction of Carthage and the ‐‐‐‐ lovingly.
of its inhabitants in 146 BCE. A) consult B) compete
A) accumulation B) commitment C) quarrel D) interact
C) negotiation D) enslavement E) speculate
E) correspondence

2. Cambodia is one of the world's poorest 6. The domestication of fire by humans was the
economies, and thus economic development is its first great ecological transformation ‐‐‐‐ by
highest ‐‐‐‐. humans, as it changed forever the way humans
A) reflection B) triumph dealt with their surroundings.
C) structure D) priority A) brought about B) pulled down
E) sanction C) filled out D) put through
E) given up

3. The sociology of knowledge is a discipline ‐‐‐‐ to 7. By the 20th century, photography ‐‐‐‐ so
investigating the role played by conventions, advanced that sports ‐‐‐‐ and illustrated in daily
institutions, traditions and interests in the creation newspapers.
and evaluation of knowledge. A) had become / were being photographed
A) convertible B) sentenced B) has become / are being photographed
C) devoted D) vulnerable C) became / had been photographed
E) harmful D) would have become / were photographed
E) was becoming / have been photographed

4. Originating in China and voyaging first in trading 8. Big social media companies have a responsibility
caravans and then along maritime routes, tea ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ every possible action to ensure that their
conquered Western tastes. applications ‐‐‐‐ by criminals.
A) accurately B) similarly A) to take / are not exploited
C) presently D) adversely B) taking / will not be exploited
E) gradually C) to be taken / would not be exploited
D) being taken / have not been exploited
E) having taken / were not exploited

2
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

9. Humans have been clearing trees for 13. ‐‐‐‐ fire played an important part in Greek
transportation purposes ‐‐‐‐ more than 10,000 philosopher Anaximander's cosmogony, it would
years, but Mesopotamians invented some of the be wrong to think that he regarded it as the
first paved roads to make more transit‐friendly ultimate constituent of the world, like Thales'
cities ‐‐‐‐ 3000 BCE. water.
A) in / with B) for / around A) Though B) As if
C) on / to D) along / over C) In case D) Since
E) by/ from E) Until

10. As Minoans established settlements ‐‐‐‐ the 14. ‐‐‐‐ career assessment and counselling have
Mediterranean world along an extensive trade historically targeted students in high school, a
route with Egypt, Syria, the Aegean islands, and number of experts now believe that they are also
mainland Greece, they brought their culture ‐‐‐‐ beneficial to elementary and middle school
them. students for later career development.
A) from / against B) below / on A) As soon as B) Unless
C) throughout / with D) for / about C) Even though D) Only when
E) at / over E) As though

11. ‐‐‐‐ graduating from Cambridge in 1974, 15. ‐‐‐‐ all the factors influencing the learning of a
Douglas Adams, British comedy writer who uses foreign language is fully understood, it will be
the devices of science fiction, began to write ‐‐‐‐ difficult to design optimal educational
radio and television. programmes for language learning.
A) By / with B) At / on A) Only if B) Since
C) During / through D) In / about C) Until D) In case
E) Upon / for E) Given that

12. ‐‐‐‐ science fiction texts are too difficult to film, 16. According to experts, most national policies are
very few have ever been successfully adapted. likely to fail ‐‐‐‐ they are complemented and
A) Unless B) In order that supported by parallel policies at the global level.
C) Once D) Before A) so that B) just as
E) Because C) unless D) since
E) now that

3
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

17. ‐‐‐‐ women's studies, which is focused on the The first true city in Mesoamerica was Monte
historical aspects of women's lives, feminist Alban, founded by the Zapotecs in 500 BCE. [21]‐‐‐‐
philosophy is interested in the social philosophy of the Olmec people who had come up with a script of
women's interests throughout history. glyphs (signs), the Zapotec also devised an early
A) Unlike B) Except for writing system to name sacrificed enemies
C) In case of D) Prior to portrayed on stone stelae. Later monuments name
E) On behalf of enemy places in and around the south Mexican
Oaxaca Valley that the kings of Monte Alban
defeated, to create an empire that [22]‐‐‐‐ until 700
CE. The biggest city in Mesoamerica was
Teotihuacan, which was founded [23]‐‐‐‐ 100 BCE
and survived until the 7th or 8th century CE. The
ceremonial objects unearthed in the area indicate
18. ‐‐‐‐ any archaeological excavation, whether it that the city [24]‐‐‐‐ as a sacred centre. A cave
be prehistoric or historic, a survey or field beneath its Pyramid of the Sun was regarded as the
investigation must be conducted. place [25]‐‐‐‐ humanity emerged into the world and
A) Thanks to B) As opposed to as the entrance to the underworld.
C) On behalf of D) Prior to
E) Compared to 21.
A) Instead of B) According to
C) Due to D) On behalf of
E) Similar to

22.
19. You might be a good walker, but Istanbul is ‐‐‐‐ A) occurred B) deteriorated
huge ‐‐‐‐ sooner or later you will have to catch a C) lasted D) recovered
bus or tram to further explore the megacity. E) appeared
A) such / as B) as / as
C) both / and D) so / that
E) whether / or 23.
A) with B) around
C) from D) throughout
E) over

24.
20. The term 'Asian' is widely used for those A) used to begin B) might begin
individuals who have ethnic ties to Asia, ‐‐‐‐ C) would have begun D) should have begun
includes the Far East, Southeast Asia, and the E) may have begun
Indian sub‐continent.
A) what B) of which
C) which D) that 25.
E) of whom A) why B) which
C) how D) where
E) when

4
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

In the 1950s and 1960s, several lines of 31. Although notions of unconscious mental
development converged to create the explosive processes have a history dating back to the ancient
shift in academic psychology known as the cognitive world, ‐‐‐‐.
revolution. Research in various other fields of study, A) they were often used to characterise the
[26]‐‐‐‐ anthropology, linguistics, and computer condition of having no awareness
science, had been moving toward the scientific B) there is widespread agreement that a great deal
study of mental processes. [27]‐‐‐‐ psychology, of our mental life is unconscious
studies of memory, perception, personality traits, C) it is necessary to consider the historical
and other mental phenomena continued to gain background to understand what triggered its
ground. Even orthodox behaviourists began to pay
scientific investigation
attention to mental processes. [28]‐‐‐‐ these lines of
D) the unconscious was not seriously taken up by
development came together, the mind once again
science until the 19th century
became a worthy object of study. The black box
E) psychologists use the term unconscious to refer
model of psychology was rejected and cognition, or
to a characteristic of certain mental states
thought processes themselves, became the object
of [29]‐‐‐‐ interest. Major contributors included
Ulric Neisser, Howard Kendler, and George and Jean
Mandler. With the renewed interest in cognitive 32. Due to an explosion in levels of homelessness
processes, there was also a revival of an earlier for all ages across developed countries over the
movement that [30]‐‐‐‐ in Europe but migrated to past 20 years, ‐‐‐‐.
the United States after World War II, namely Gestalt A) in the US the typical image of a homeless person
psychology. is of a single man or an older woman
B) poverty and poor health are among the main
26. causes of homelessness
A) despite B) such as C) no attention is paid to the experiences of
C) with the purpose of D) in case of homeless people instead of the concept itself
E) contrary to D) there has been a significant increase in the
number of studies of homelessness
27. E) people from ethnic minority groups are especially
A) Toward B) Over vulnerable to homelessness
C) Within D) Upon
E) From
33. While many parents benefit from available
28.
books and articles on parenting, ‐‐‐‐.
A) Although B) In order that
A) the transition to parenthood also creates
C) Whether D) As
psychological transformations in adulthood
E) Until
B) young adults may be living entirely
29. independently, with a mature set of social
A) abstract B) beneficial relationships
C) intense D) hostile C) some parents face inevitable uncertainty when
E) faulty making decisions about how to raise their children
D) most people find that their responsibility to
30. another person is greater than their responsibility
A) should have started B) had started to themselves
C) must start D) used to start E) families tend to get closer as grandparents
E) has started become involved with the new family

5
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

34. Because we are frequently exposed to the 37. ‐‐‐‐, the aging process would continue
work of psychologists in our everyday lives, ‐‐‐‐. persistently, making the saved population ever
A) successful work in the field of psychology often more susceptible to a new set of diseases.
requires an advanced university degree A) Because aging makes us ever more vulnerable to
B) there are hundreds of thousands of psychologists the common fatal diseases
who work in other places B) Before aging contributed to a wide variety of
C) everyone has an idea about what psychology is non‐fatal diseases and disorders
and what psychologists do C) Although authorities underestimated the speed
D) psychologists also work in forensic fields. and with which mortality was declining
they do provide counselling and therapy D) Even if medical interventions were to eliminate
E) the word 'psychology' comes from the Greek all the existing major killer diseases
words 'psyche' (life), and 'logos' (explanation) E) Once scientific forecasts of the survival of
individuals began with the work of life insurance
companies

35. Despite its economic difficulties such as trade 38. In traditional Cuban American families, the
imbalance and high unemployment, ‐‐‐‐. elderly are taken care of at home whenever
A) Jamaica is the largest English‐speaking island in possible, ‐‐‐‐.
the Caribbean Sea A) even if many grandparents take care of their
B) Jamaica is largely perceived by the outside world grandchildren while their parents are working
as economically successful B) although this is becoming difficult today as both
C) the economy of Jamaica has suffered extensively spouses often work outside the home
from persistent job losses C) given that the definition of 'family' in America
D) the majority of the Jamaican population is does not include grandparents
primarily of African descent D) despite the fact that most Cuban immigrants in
E) Jamaica's government follows the British America maintain their traditional beliefs
parliamentary model E) unless grandparents maintain close and special
bonds within the family unit

36. Although information processing and memory 39. Whereas some commercial photographers
efficiency begin to decrease by middle age, ‐‐‐‐. accept a wide range of assignments, including
A) there are several ways to improve the photographing small products, automobiles and
functioning of the aging brain food, ‐‐‐‐.
B) different forms of dementia can cause cognitive A) they typically take photographs of commercial
decline in old age products for advertisements
C) the brain is an extraordinarily intricate web of B) others focus on a more specialised area, such as
one hundred billion neurons photographing only furniture
D) certain areas of the brain produce new neurons C) they have the freedom to glorify products and
throughout adulthood create an exaggerated appearance
E) many middle‐aged people report difficulty D) their photographs should create a favourable
remembering stuff impression on the viewer
E) some studios use a number of photographers
who specialise in different areas

6
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

40. No simple methodological definition of world 42. Diplomacy has existed as long as humans have
history is possible, ‐‐‐‐. lived in organised societies, but most historians
A) even if there is a lot to learn from modem studies would agree that modern diplomacy originated in
of world history Renaissance Italy.
B) although the purpose of history writing has A) İnsanlar örgütlü toplumlar halinde yaşadıkları
sürece diplomasi var oldu, ancak çoğu tarihçi
always been to understand our past
modern diplomasinin Rönesans İtalya'sında ortaya
C) for world histories vary widely in style, structure,
çıktığı konusunda hemfikirdir.
and scope B) Çoğu tarihçiye göre modern diplomasinin kökeni
D) while structuring world history around separate Rönesans İtalya'sına dayanmaktadır, ancak
civilisations is not an easy task diplomasi insanlar örgütlü toplumlar halinde
E) but the central Asian steppes produced many yaşamaya başladığında ortaya çıkmıştır.
successful conquerors world history has seen C) Pek çok tarihçi, diplomasinin insanlar örgütlü
toplumlar olarak yaşamaya başladığında ortaya çıktığı
konusunda hemfikir olsa da diplomasi Rönesans
döneminde İtalya'da modern haline kavuşmuştur.
D) Diplomasi, insanlar örgütlü toplumlar halinde
yaşamaya başladıklarından beri var olmuştur fakat
çoğu tarihçiye göre modern diplomasi Rönesans
İtalya'sı sayesinde ortaya çıkmıştır.
E) Her ne kadar tarihçilerin çoğu modern
diplomasinin Rönesans döneminde İtalya'da ortaya
çıktığı konusunda hemfikir olsa da diplomasi insanlar
örgütlü toplumlar halinde yaşadığından beri vardı.

43. The earliest records of our civilisation clearly

show an interest in both science and travel, but it
is not until Classical Antiquity that we have
evidence of the two coming together.
A) Her ne kadar medeniyetimizin en eski kayıtları
sadece bilime değil seyahate de bir ilgi olduğunu
gösterse de ikisinin bir araya geldiğine dair kanıt
ancak Klasik Antik Çağ dönemindedir.
B) Bilim ve seyahatin Klasik Antik Çağ dönemine
41. In ancient Greece, winning in the Olympic Games kadar bir araya geldiğine dair herhangi bir kanıtımız
brought glory not only to the individual, but also to yoktur fakat her ikisine açıkça bir ilgi duyulduğu
the city that the athlete represented; ‐‐‐‐. medeniyetimizin en eski kayıtlarında görülmektedir.
A) however, athletes in these competitions were C) Medeniyetimizin en eski kayıtları hem bilime hem
de seyahate duyulan bir ilgiyi açıkça göstermektedir
highly motivated to win
fakat ikisinin bir araya gelmesine dair kanıtımız
B) hence, some types of games taught the
ancak Klasik Antik Çağ dönemindedir.
practitioners about the art of war D) Hem bilime hem de seyahate açıkça bir ilgi
C) likewise, a losing competitor reflected poorly on duyulduğunu gösteren medeniyetimizin en eski
his city kayıtlarına göre, bu ikisi ancak Klasik Antik Çağ
D) yet, competition among the city‐states during döneminde bir araya gelmiştir.
the Games was fierce E) Elimizdeki kanıta göre, bilim ve seyahatin açıkça
E) even so, they did not want to shame their city bir araya gelmesi ancak Klasik Antik Çağ döneminde
with a poor performance olmuştur, fakat medeniyetimizin en eski kayıtlarında
her ikisine de ilgi duyulduğu görülmektedir.

7
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

44. Because animals make up an important part of 46. In a digital library, an unlimited number of
nature and some research cannot be conducted people can access the same source, and even read
using humans, animals are unfortunately also the same page of this resource, simultaneously.
participants in psychological research. A) Dijital kütüphane, sınırsız sayıda kişinin eş
A) Hayvanlar doğanın önemli bir parçasını zamanlı olarak aynı kaynağa ulaşabildiği ve hatta bu
oluşturduğu ve bazı araştırmalar insanlar kaynağın aynı sayfasını okuyabildiği bir yerdir.
kullanılarak yürütülemeyeceği için hayvanlar ne B) Dijital bir kütüphanede sınırsız sayıda kişi eş
yazık ki psikolojik araştırmaların da katılımcılarıdır. zamanlı olarak aynı kaynağa ulaşabilir ve hatta bu
B) Doğanın önemli bir parçasını oluşturan hayvanlar, kaynağın aynı sayfasını okuyabilir.
ne yazık ki insanlar kullanılarak yürütülemeyen bazı
C) Dijital bir kütüphanede eş zamanlı olarak aynı
psikolojik araştırmaların da katılımcılarıdır.
kaynağa ulaşabilen ve hatta bu kaynağın aynı
C) Hayvanların doğanın önemli bir parçası olması ve
sayfasını okuyabilen kişi sayısı sınırsızdır.
bazı araştırmaların insanlar kullanılarak
D) Dijital bir kütüphanede sınırsız sayıda kişinin eş
yürütülememesi, ne yazık ki hayvanları psikolojik
zamanlı olarak aynı kaynağa ulaşabilmesi ve hatta
araştırmaların da katılımcısı hâline getirmiştir.
D) Hayvanların da psikolojik araştırmalara dâhil bu kaynağın aynı sayfasını okuması mümkündür.
olması, doğanın önemli bir parçasını oluşturmaları ve E) Dijital bir kütüphanede sınırsız sayıda kişi eş
ne yazık ki bazı araştırmaların insanlar kullanılarak zamanlı olarak aynı kaynağa ulaşmakla kalmayıp bu
yürütülememesinden kaynaklanmaktadır. kaynağın aynı sayfasını bile okuyabilir.
E) Doğanın önemli bir parçasını oluştursalar da bazı
araştımaların insanlar kullanılarak yürütülememesi
nedeniyle hayvanlar ne yazık ki psikolojik
araştırmaların da katılımcılarıdır.

45. Rene Descartes, often called the father of 47. During their presence on Earth for tens of
modern philosophy, attempted to break with the thousands of years, humans have progressively,
philosophical traditions of his day and start although with setbacks from time to time, learned
philosophy anew. how to better feed themselves.
A) Kendi zamanının felsefi gelenekleri ile ilişkisini A) Dünya üzerinde on binlerce yıldır varlığını
koparan Rene Descartes felsefeyi yeniden sürdüren insanlar, zaman zaman gerilemeler yaşasa
başlatmak istemiştir ve bu yüzden sıklıkla modern da, kendilerini gittikçe daha iyi beslemeyi öğrenme
felsefenin babası olarak anılmaktadır. konusunda ilerleme kaydetmişlerdir.
B) Sıklıkla modern felsefenin babası olarak anılan
B) İnsanlar on binlerce yıldır Dünya üzerindeki
Rene Descartes kendi zamanının felsefi gelenekleri
varlıklarını sürdümektedirler ve bu esnada zaman
ile bağını koparıp felsefeyi yeniden başlatmaya
zaman gerilemelerle de olsa, kendilerini daha iyi
çalışmıştır.
beslemeyi öğrenmişlerdir.
C) Felsefeyi yeniden başlatan Rene Descartes'tan sık
C) Zaman zaman gerilemeler yaşayan insanlar,
sık felsefenin babası olarak bahsedilmektedir çünkü
o kendi zamanındaki felsefi geleneklerle bağlarını Dünya üzerindeki on binlerce yıllık varlıkları
koparmayı denemiştir. süresince kendilerini daha iyi beslemeyi
D) Rene Descartes sık sık modern felsefenin babası öğrenmişlerdir.
olarak anılmaktadır, bunun sebebi ise kendi D) İnsanlar, Dünya üzerindeki on binlerce yıllık
zamanının felsefi geleneklerinden kopuş yaşaması varlıkları süresince, zaman zaman gerilemelerle de
ve yeni bir felsefe başlatma çabasıdır. olsa, kendilerini gittikçe daha iyi beslemeyi
E) Rene Descartes'a sıklıkla modern felsefenin öğrenmişlerdir.
babası denmesinin sebebi, kendi zamanındaki felsefi E) Kendilerini gittikçe daha iyi beslemeyi öğrenen
geleneklerden koparak yeni bir felsefe başlatma insanlar, Dünya üzerindeki on binlerce yıllık
çabasıdır. varlıkları boyunca gerilemeler de yaşamışlardır.

8
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

48. Asur İmparatorluğu'nun MÖ 900 ve 600 50. İlk insanlar taş aletler gibi daha basit
arasında altın çağını yaşarken dünyanın o güne dek teknolojiler kullanmış olabilirler ancak bu, onların
gördüğü en büyük ve en karmaşık siyasi oluşum zeki olmadıkları anlamına gelmez.
olduğu ileri sürülebilir. A) While early people seem to have used simpler
A) The Assyrian Empire's heyday was between 900 technologies like stone tools, they should not be
and 600 BCE, when it had become the largest and considered unintelligent.
most complex political formation the world had B) Early people cannot be said to be unintelligent
ever experienced. just because they used simpler technologies such as
B) While it was having its heyday between about stone tools.
900 and 600 BCE, it can be claimed that the C) The fact that early people used simpler
Assyrian Empire was the largest and most complex technologies like stone tools does not mean they
political formation the world had yet seen. were not intelligent.
C) The Assyrian Empire was the largest and most D) It is possible that early people used simpler
complex political fo rmation the world had ever technologies like stone tools, but they were
seen until the period between 900 and 600 BCE, certainly not unintelligent.
which was its heyday. E) Early people might have used simpler
D) It is possible to claim that the period between technologies like stone tools, but that does not
900 and 600 BCE was the heyday of the Assyrian mean they were unintelligent.
Empire, the largest and most complex political
formation the world had yet seen.
E) It has been suggested that the Assyrian Empire
was the largest and most complex political
formation the world had ever seen between 900
and 600 BCE, which was its heyday. 51. Rönesans'ın temelini teşkil eden yeni
teknolojiler esas işlevi un üretmek olan yel
değirmenleri ve su değirmenlerini de içermekteydi.
49. Portekizlilerin Orta Afrika'da bulunan Kongo A) Were it not for the new technologies such as
Krallığı'na olan ilgisi, 1493 yılında bakır ile başlamış windmills and watermills which mainly function to
ancak kısa bir süre içinde köle ticaretine produce flour, the foundations for the Renaissance
dönüşmüştür. may not have been laid.
A) What made Portuguese turn their attention to B) The foundations for the Renaissance were laid by
the central African Kingdom of Congo in 1493 was such new technologies as windmills and watermills,
copper, but this interest turned to slave trade. whose main function to make flour.
B) Portuguese interest in the central African C) Windmills and watermills, despite having a
Kingdom of Congo began in 1493 with copper, but primary function of producing flour, were among
soon turned to slave trade. the new technologies that laid the foundations for
C) The Portuguese started to be attracted to the the Renaissance.
central African Kingdom of Congo in 1493 by D) The new technologies that laid the foundations
copper, which initiated slave trade there. for the Renaissance included windmills and
D) Copper started Portuguese interest in the central watermills, whose primary function was to make
African Kingdom of Congo in 1493, but this interest flour.
shortly became slave trade. E) Among the new technologies that laid the
E) Although the Portuguese began to pay attention foundation for the Renaissance were primarily
to the central African Kingdom of Congo in 1493 windmills and watermills, which were used to make
with copper, they soon started slave trade there. flour.

9
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

52. Rus resim sanatı, Rus edebiyatı veya müziğinden 54. Worry, defined as repetitive thoughts about
çok daha az bilinir ancak gerek Avrupa geleneğinin negative future events, is part of life. At the right
bir parçası gerekse ondan ayrı olarak zengin bir dose, concern for the future can be adaptive,
tarihe sahiptir. helping to direct attention and improve
A) Russian art of painting is far less well‐known than preparations in the face of potential threats. People
Russian literature or music, but it has a rich history, with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), however,
both as part of and set apart from European experience an extreme, chronic, and unrelenting
tradition. worry that they feel unable to control. Worry does
B) Russian literature or music is far less well‐known not work for them. ‐‐‐‐ Their worries spill into all
areas of everyday life, including health, family,
than Russian art of painting, which is known to have a
relationships, work, and finances.
rich history, not only as part of but also set apart
A) Although it is difficult to understand the nature of
from European tradition.
the fear in the disorder, some treatment would be
C) Compared to Russian literature or music, Russian
possible.
art of painting is much less well‐known, but as part of B) They tend to overestimate the likelihood of
European tradition it has a rich history, even though negative consequences and predict that they will be
it is set apart from it. catastrophic.
D) Although Russian art of painting is not as well‐ C) Indeed, several theories have attempted over the
known as Russian literature or music, it has a rich past few decades to explain the mechanisms
history because it is both part of and distinct from underlying GAD.
European tradition. D) Having negative thoughts, in other words, is
E) Being both part of and distinct from European perceived as a way to avoid experiencing negative
tradition, Russian art of painting has a rich history, feelings.
although it is far less well‐known than Russian E) Despite the fact that chronic worry is stressful,
literature or music. people with GAD hold positive beliefs about worry.

55. The first coffee trees in Rwanda were planted in

1904, and export began around 1917. The high
altitudes and steady rainfalls mean the potential for
53. Kendi başına büyük bir endüstri olmanın yanı quality is very high. About half of the country's
sıra başka pek çok faaliyeti etkilediği için klasik export revenue now comes from the coffee
müzik Britanya'daki en önemli sanat biçimlerinden industry, so coffee has recently become a vehicle for
biridir. the government to improve socio‐economic
A) One of the most important art forms in Britain is conditions. ‐‐‐‐ However, a combination of high
classical music, which not only affects many other altitudes and rich soil ensures that Rwandan beans
activities but also is a major industry in its own right. are still some of the best on the market.
B) Classical music is one of the most important art A) One of the challenges for Rwandan coffee is the
forms in Britain, as it influences many other activities 'potato defect', a bacteria that can cause the
in addition to being a major industry in its own right. occasional bean to smell and taste like raw potato.
C) In addition to being a major industry in its own B) The coffee beans from Rwanda are often some of
right, classical music affects many other activities, the softest, sweetest, and most floral of East African
and for this reason it is one of the most important art coffees.
C) The districts along Lake Kivu are home to some of
forms in Britain.
the most famed washing stations in Rwanda.
D) Since classical music is a major industry in its own
D) The citrus, stone fruit, and caramel tones of the
right, which also influences many other activities, it is
coffee beans make Rwandan coffee balanced and
one of the most important art forms in Britain.
sweet.
E) Classical music, which is a major industry in its own
E) It should be noted that an economy dependent on
right in addition to influencing many other activities, exporting only coffee products usually tends to be a
is one of the most important art forms in Britain. very fragile one.

10
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

56. How many languages are spoken in the world? 58. Shinto is the name for the religious beliefs and
The truthful answer is that we do not have an practices that are believed to have developed in
exact count, although we are able to make an Japan prior to the importation of foreign religious
educated guess. There are two primary reasons traditions from the Asian continent, beginning in
why counting up languages is tricky. One is that the sixth century CE. With rare historical
linguists have not identified all the languages of exceptions, the Japanese have not attempted to
the world yet. There are still speech (and sign‐ spread Shinto outside of Japan, believing that it
language) communities that follow their was the foundation of their cultural heritage and
traditional ways of life and who have had little identity. ‐‐‐‐ Shinto deeply influenced Japan's
interaction with the outside world or researchers. interactions with other cultures. Moreover, it
‐‐‐‐ However, there is also a more fundamental continues to serve as one of the major religious
problem in counting languages, which is that it is and cultural institutions in the world.
difficult to decide which speech varieties should be A) The practices of Shinto were confined mostly to
counted as languages and which should be the social and political elites of the clans.
counted as dialects of a single language. B) One might conclude that the impact of Shinto in
A) Mutual intelligibility refers to the idea of people world history has been minor, but this is not the case.
understanding one another. C) According to historians, the institutional and
B) So, some linguists claim to have figured out the doctrinal character of Shinto during the early period
exact number of world languages. lacked coherence.
C) The languages of these groups are still D) Between 1600 to 1870, scholars who wanted to
undescribed. purge Shinto of all foreign influences created a new
D) Irregularities in language usually result from field of Shinto scholarship.
language change. E) A characteristic feature of Shinto is 'kami’, beings
E) Communities are not usually positioned near that dwell in heaven or reside on earth as sacred
each other. forces within nature.

57. After the initial conquest by Europeans in 1521, 59. ‐‐‐‐ Signs of depression in young people are
the Aztec population was devastated by one of the often seen as normal mood swings typical of a
biggest pandemics in history. According to particular developmental stage. Professionals are
historical records, an infection killed off as much as also often reluctant to prematurely 'label' a young
80 percent of the indigenous population. The person with the diagnosis of depression. However,
identity of this pest remained a mystery. ‐‐‐‐ early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to
Historians were not clear if the disease was of local healthy emotional, social, and behavioural
origin or was imported by the Spanish, but in development.
recent years the culprit was discovered to be a A) Symptoms of depression in children and
Salmonella organism. adolescents are expressed in a variety of ways.
A) At this time an environmental misfortune in the B) Depression in children and adolescents
Americas helped the microbes spread. frequently goes undetected.
B) Guesses ranged from haemorrhagic influenza to C) Depression in both young people and adults may
malaria to typhoid to smallpox. occur at the same time as panic attacks.
C) Unfortunately, food shortages left people unable D) Children who develop major depression are
to withstand the Salmonella invaders. more likely to have a family history of the disorder.
D) In any event, the conquistadores probably E) Depression increases the risk for suicide or
carried contaminated foodstuffs on their vessels. suicide attempts.
E) Vulnerabilities to novel diseases have not
changed: spreading via global trade and travel.

11
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

60. (I) The striking and kicking techniques of 63. (I) The papyrus plant, which grew only in the
modern karate originate from a traditional fighting Egyptian Nile delta, contained a substance that, when
system, Okinawa‐te, developed in Okinawa during cut into strips, could be arranged and pressed so as
the early 17th century. (II) Modern karate was to create a page of paperlike material. (II) These
founded by Gichin Funakoshi, who, in 1906, toured pages would then be glued together to form a
Okinawa giving the first public demonstration of continuous sheet, normally 30‐35 feet in length. (III)
Okinawa‐te (III) Contrary to popular belief, karate When two wooden pins were fastened to the ends of
practitioners spend very little time smashing bricks the sheet, the result was a scroll, which could be
and boards. (IV) Subsequently, a slightly refined rolled back and forth around the pins. (IV) Animal
version of this technique was included in the skin was used by Greeks for writing before papyrus
physical education curriculum of Okinawa. (V) became widely available by the 600s BCE. (V) The
During these formative years, Okinawa‐te became papyrus scroll was the ancient Greeks' 'book'
known as karate‐jutsu (Chinese hand art). (biblion), the primary tool for reading and writing.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) There are various causes and types of 64. (I) Forensic anthropologists are experts who
dementia, but they have certain characteristics in analyse skeletal remains for legal purposes. (II)
common. (II) People with dementia often have Forensic anthropologists commonly work closely
problems with short‐term memory, such as with forensic archaeologists. (III) Law enforcement
forgetting names and recent events. (III) They may authorities call upon these anthropologists to use
have trouble with visuospatial processing, such as skeletal remains to identify murder victims, missing
getting lost in familiar places. (IV) The affected persons, or people who have died in disasters, such
people may have difficulty with activities of daily as plane crashes. (IV) They have also contributed
living, such as balancing the checkbook or forgetting substantially to the investigation of human rights
to turn off the stove when cooking. (V) There are abuses in all parts of the world by identifying
many other causes of dementia, including trauma, victims and documenting the cause of their death.
metabolic imbalances, hereditary illness, drugs, (V) Among the best‐known ones is Clyde C. Snow,
toxins, and infections. who has been practising in this field for over forty
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V years.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) Comparing student achievement between 65. (I) Although pastoral nomadic societies can still
countries has several goals for different be found throughout their traditional ranges, they
stakeholders. (II) PISA is another example of no longer have the influence they once did. (II) The
international comparison of student achievement. most powerful nomadic empire to emerge on the
(III) To policymakers, country‐to‐country world stage was that of the Mongols. (III) The
comparisons of student performance help indicate military power that nomads possessed as mounted
whether their educational system is performing as archers or desert warriors disappeared centuries
well as it could. (IV) To a researcher of education ago. (IV) Similarly their ability to remain
issues, the studies provide a basis for hypothesising autonomous disappeared with the emergence of
whether some policies and practices in education motorised vehicles and airplanes. (V) As the world's
are necessary or sufficient for high student population has expanded, they have lost pasture
performance. (V) To teachers and school areas to farmers who have attempted to cultivate
administrators, international studies provide land that is only marginally fit for agriculture.
examples of behaviour that may be a source of new A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
forms of practice and self‐evaluation.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

12
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

For millennia, before the invention of guns and 67. It can be inferred from the passage that
gunpowder, bows and arrows were the most arrowheads ‐‐‐‐.
efficient human instruments for killing at a distance. A) proved to be better tools for killing human
Arrowheads, found scattered across most of the enemies rather than hunting animals
Earth, count as one of the most common objects of B) were favoured specifically by the culture that
archaeological significance, outnumbered only by made the rock paintings of bowmen in North Africa
broken bits of pottery. It is easy to imagine how an C) were improved later by the culture that invented
arrow aimed at a distant human enemy or hunted them for the first time
animal often missed its target and got lost to D) can be more informative as long as they are
remain undisturbed in its lodging place for found alongside other human objects
uncounted centuries, only for us to find it by E) are often difficult to date without reference to
chance. But isolated arrowheads, separated from older projectiles used before arrows
other human artefacts, are usually impossible to
date and tell us little or nothing about who made
and used them. A few rock paintings of bowmen
running and shooting in North Africa and elsewhere
show that as much as 10,000 years ago archery had
come to dominate local warfare. And again it is not
difficult to see why that was so, for a weapon that
can wound or kill at a distance of up to hundred
yards far outranged older projectiles, and the
peoples who first possessed them could attack
others with impunity. Their advantage was so great
that bows and arrows spread across the Old World,
with innovations across cultures, from the
undetermined place they first appeared.

66. According to the passage, arrowheads ‐‐‐‐. 68. Which of the following questions is mainly
A) continued to be preferred as the main warfare answered by the passage?
instrument even after the invention of guns and A) How did various cultures contribute to the design
gunpowder of bows and arrows?
B) were the first objects humans used as a tool for B) What was the primary difference between
killing at a distance and they originated millennia ago arrowheads and older projectiles?
C) as archaeological objects are often found by C) Why did arrows remain significant for humans for
people who miss their target during combat or a long time?
hunting D) Why is it usually difficult to date isolated
D) have so far been hard to find due mostly to the arrowheads?
fact that older projectiles were more dominant E) Who were the first people to invent bows and
E) are less common than broken bits of pottery arrows?
despite being one of the most common
archaeological objects

13
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

The life history approach to social research and 70. The underlined word in the passage
theory involves several methodological techniques 'resurgence' is closest in meaning to ‐‐‐‐.
and types of data. These include case studies, A) rehearsal
interviews, use of documents (letters, diaries, B) reduction
archival records), oral histories, and various kinds of C) revival
narratives. The main assumptions of this approach D) reliance
are that actions of individuals and groups are E) rebellion
simultaneously emergent and structured and that
individual and group perspectives must be included
in the data used for analysis. Accordingly, any
materials that reveal those perspectives can and
should be regarded as essential to the empirical
study of human social life. The popularity of this
approach has gone up and down since the early
1900s, being used extensively in the 1920s and
1930s. The following generation of social studies
witnessed the domination of quantitative
measurement techniques coupled with survey data
collection, and the increased use of those
approaches paralleled a relative decline in life
history research. In the 1970s, however, there
began a resurgence of interest in life history
research not only in the United States but in
Europe. This has included a broadened
interdisciplinary base through the incorporation of
narrative theory and methods from other
disciplines. In this broadened use, there has been a
transition from using the approach as purely a
methodological device to using it as a method and
theory.

69. According to the passage, one main 71. Which of the following could be the best title
assumption of the life history approach is that ‐‐‐‐. for the passage?
A) the most appropriate data collection tools are A) Popularity of Life Histories and Narratives
case studies and interviews B) Life History Approach in Social Studies
B) there should be an increasing interest in C) Importance of Methodology in Social Research
quantitative measurement techniques D) Interest in Life History Research in Europe
C) research into narrative theory and methods is E) Interdisciplinary Methods in Social Research
always of interdisciplinary nature
D) points of view pertaining to individuals and
groups must be taken into account in data analysis
E) substantial emphasis must be placed on the
study of letters, diaries, and archival records

14
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Popular music is more than mere entertainment. It 73. According to the passage, why is popular music
is a means by which people affirm, create and a source of struggles?
nurture their individual and collective identities. But A) It is an unconscious or semi‐conscious identity‐
popular music is often also the basis of struggles work.
over personal and group identity. The reason for B) What is pleasurable and exciting for an individual
this is that we are often attracted to music made by may not be the same for another.
social groups to which we belong or do not belong C) It makes us feel united with or separate from a
in order to express solidarity with or difference particular social group.
from that group. Such identity‐work may be D) It enables us to question the set meanings of
unconscious or semi‐conscious, in that what we are music while making interpretations.
initially drawn to is a pleasurable, exciting sound E) It limits or even prevents pol itical debates about
rather than a set of meanings by which we have records, stars and genres.
already worked out in advance. Because the
meaning of music is so hard to work out, popular
music is surrounded by enormous amounts of
written and spoken commentary, in the media and
in ordinary everyday interactions between people.
Here, the remarkable ability of music to unite and
divide people becomes manifest in tense, explicit
debates over the political meanings of records,
stars, and genres. This is how cultural identity
becomes closely related to the everyday creation
and interpretation of popular music.

72. What can be inferred from the passage about 74. What is the main purpose of this passage?
popular music? A) To give general information about the
A) It is the basis of entertainment for social groups emergence of popular music
that we do not belong to. B) To explain how popular music affects individuals'
B) It is a means for us to express our individual and subconscious
collective identity. C) To give a description of the relationship between
C) It improves our written and spoken skills by popular music and cultural identity
encouraging interaction among people. D) To clarify the impact of popular music on the
D) It helps us to reveal what is hidden in the political atmosphere in a country
unconscious mind. E) To show how entertaining popular music is for
E) It enables us to understand why sound is more most people in society
important than meaning.

15
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

The essence of life, wrote Aristotle, is to serve 76. It is stated in the passage that committing to a
others and do good. Make this the basis of a New cause one cares about such as the arts or the
Year's resolution and you will be doing yourself a environment ‐‐‐‐.
favour too. It turns out that people who volunteer A) can both reduce stress levels and also make
are happier and healthier on average than those people feel less burdened with responsibilities
who do not. You can get these benefits by giving B) results in improved health for a specific age
time to a cause you care about, whether related to group, particularly for those who are over 50
the arts, the environment, politics or whatever. C) is one of the most researched topics in the
However, the biggest boost comes by doing work literature
directly focused on helping others. It may seem D) may not lead to as many positive effects as
counter‐intuitive, but taking on extra directly helping those in need
responsibilities can reduce stress. Consider, for E) might only work positively if one commits for
example, a study in which researchers took blood over 200 hours per year
pressure measurements from around 6,700 people
aged over 50, then simply let these people get on
with their lives for four years before taking another
measurement. What the researchers wanted to find
out was whether volunteering would make a
difference and whether more volunteering would
provide even more benefits. The results were
conclusive. Compared with non‐volunteers or those
who had done less than 200 hours of voluntary
work in the preceding two years, more active
volunteers were 40 per cent less likely to have
developed high blood pressure.

75. According to Aristotle, helping other people ‐‐‐‐. 77. What is the main purpose of the author in
A) cannot be limited to certain times of the year writing this passage?
B) could mean a number of burdensome extra A) To exemplify that helping others leads to more
responsibilities psychological than physical benefits
C) should be a person's primary goal in life B) To encourage people to actively devote their
D) may not always do much good to other people time and energy to a cause they enjoy
E) makes others happier than oneself C) To explain the possible benefits one gets from
helping other people and volunteering
D) To investigate the relationship between helping
others and physical health
E) To persuade readers to dedicate themselves to
certain urgent causes

16
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Behaviour therapy emphasises the current 79. It can be inferred from the passage that ‐‐‐‐.
conditions that maintain a behaviour, the A) behaviour therapists are primarily concerned
conditions that keep it going. This form of therapy with the environment that leads to the behavioural
focuses on the problem, not on the person. A problem
psychology professor, Elizabeth Klonoff, likened B) psychoanalysts are more successful in solving
behaviour therapy to a weed‐pulling process. behavioural problems once and for all
Psychoanalysts attempt to pull the weed up by its C) behaviour therapists try to solve the problem
roots so that it will never come back, but behaviour without necessarily dealing with the origins of that
therapists pluck the weed from the top, and if it problem
grows back, they pluck it again. The origins of a D) behaviour therapists fail in solving behavioural
problem are not as important as the conditions that problems as they keep recurring
keep it going. Behaviour therapy is based on the E) psychoanalysts try to solve the problem by
learning theories of Pavlov's classical conditioning, analysing the genetic background of the patient
Skinner's operant conditioning, and Bandura's social
learning theory. All behaviour is learned, whether is
healthy or abnormal. Learning, in the classical‐
conditioning sense, refers to associations formed
between events or actions. Learning, in the
operant‐conditioning sense, refers to the process of
increasing the likelihood of a behaviour occurring or
not occurring based on its consequences. Learning,
in the social learning theory sense, refers to
learning things by watching other people. Smoking
is a good example of an unhealthy behaviour that is
learned. Cigarette advertisements associate
attractive people and having fun with smoking ‐
classical conditioning. Nicotine gives a pleasurable,
stimulating sensation ‐ operant conditioning.
Teenagers sometimes learn to smoke by watching
their parents, older siblings, or peers smoke ‐ social
learning theory.

78. According to the passage, Elizabeth Klonoff ‐‐‐‐. 80. What is the passage mainly about?
A) believes it is significant to focus on the roots of A) How learning is described by behaviour therapy
behavioural problems B) Features of behaviour in psychology
B) disapproves of psychoanalysts' focus on the C) Differences between behaviour conditioning
origins of behavioural problems models
C) supports behaviour therapy more than D) Social learning theory and imitating behaviour
psychoanalysis E) Relationship between learned behaviour and bad
D) explains behaviour therapy through the habits
metaphor of weed plucking
E) is one of the founders of the behaviour therapy

17 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Answer Key
1 D 21 E 41 C 61 E
2 D 22 C 42 A 62 B
3 C 23 B 43 C 63 D
4 E 24 E 44 A 64 B
5 D 25 D 45 B 65 B
6 A 26 B 46 B 66 E
7 A 27 C 47 D 67 D
8 A 28 D 48 B 68 C
9 B 29 C 49 B 69 D
10 C 30 B 50 E 70 C
11 E 31 D 51 D 71 B
12 E 32 D 52 A 72 B
13 A 33 C 53 B 73 C
14 C 34 C 54 B 74 C
15 C 35 B 55 A 75 C
16 C 36 A 56 C 76 D
17 A 37 D 57 B 77 C
18 D 38 B 58 B 78 D
19 D 39 B 59 B 79 C
20 C 40 C 60 C 80 A
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

1. Social learning theories are based on the simple 5. Whenever one sees a complex situation from a
but powerful ---- that people learn by observing different perspective, new and important features
other people. of the situation are often ----.
A) familiarity B) equation A) revealed B) protected
C) disapproval D) assumption C) worsened D) restricted
E) correspondence E) disturbed

2. Participant observation is an umbrella term for a 6. In order to manage their vast empire, Mongol
range of methods to investigate the common ---- khans ---- an elaborate postal system in which
of individuals and groups such as eating and messages could travel from Beijing to Tabriz (in
handshaking. Iran) in just a month.
A) failures B) practices A) put out B) went through
C) sensations D) breakthroughs C) took down D) set up
E) memorials E) broke in

3. Agricultural societies, in which the 7. Ada Lovelace earned her place in history as the
domestication of plants and animals provides a ---- first computer programmer, but she ---- it without
part of human subsistence, are thought to date the help of British mathematician Charles
back as far as 10,000 BCE. Babbage, who developed a mechanical calculator
A) transparent B) misleading that ---- nearly any mathematical task ordered.
C) simultaneous D) substantial A) should not have done / must perform
E) desirable B) could not have done / could perform
C) might not have done / can perform
D) did not use to do / may perform
E) would not have done / had to perform

4. According to the behaviourist approach to 8. By the time the first Europeans ---- in Central
psychology, learning occurs when a new behaviour America in 1502, the region's greatest civilisations
is repeatedly and ---- performed in response to a ---- into the jungle.
given stimulus. A) were arriving / were already dissipating
A) impatiently B) subtly B) would arrive / are already dissipating
C) adversely D) preciously C) were going to arrive / have already dissipated
E) consistently D) had arrived / already dissipated
E) arrived / had already dissipated

2
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

9. ---- the past two decades, self-study of teacher 13. ---- functionalism no longer exists as a school of
education practices has become a well-accepted psychology, its basic principles have been
approach to developing insights ---- teaching as absorbed into psychology and continue to
teacher educators have sought productive ways of influence it in many ways.
researching their practice. A) As soon as B) Although
A) For / with B) Over / into C) Ever since D) Unless
C) On / towards D) During / against E) In case
E) Through / at

10. Prized ---- their sweet edible fruits, blueberries 14. ---- aptitude tests may help you figure out one
grow only ---- highly acidic and well-drained but aspect of the puzzle, they do not give you the
moist soils. complete picture.
A) with / at B) for / in A) As if B) Just as
C) through / around D) amongst / under C) Given that D) Even though
E) from / on E) Unless

11. Around 3600 BCE, ---- reasons that are still 15. ---- a child has been identified as having a
unclear, people ---- Malta and the nearby island of disability or considered at risk, there are several
Gozo began to construct massive limestone temple intervention programmes available to support the
complexes and went on to create large child.
underground burial chambers. A) Until B) Once
A) behind / over B) for / on C) Unless D) As though
C) at / from D) through / by E) Because
E) in / across

12. ---- you are in extreme poverty and struggling 16. Our understanding of the Inca Empire comes
to put food on the table, studies indicate that even from archaeology, early Spanish documents, and a
winning a big lottery payout does not increase handful of native accounts ---- there was no
happiness for very long. indigenous system of writing practiced by the
A) Given that B) In case Incas.
C) Unless D) As long as A) since B) in case
E) Because C) whenever D) once
E) until

3
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

17. The greatest breakthroughs in understanding An instinct is an automatic, involuntary, and

and treating plague came ---- the mid-19th-century unlearned behaviour that occurs in response to a
developments in germ theory by Louis Pasteur and specific trigger or stimuli. Numerous examples of
Robert Koch. what we consider human instincts [21]---- in phrases
A) unlike B) in contrast with that we use every day: the maternal instinct, the
C) as a result of D) as well as survival instinct, the killer instinct, and so on.
E) in comparison to Instincts motivate us in the sense that we do what we
do [22]---- we have to. Behavioural scientist James
McDougall [23]---- a way to classify some of our most
basic instincts. He stated that instincts are purposeful
and guide our behaviour [24]---- the meeting of
18. ---- various measures taken since the mid- specific goals. In fact, McDougall believed that an
1950s to protect the Spanish cinema industry instinct could be identified by first determining what
against competition, the number of films made in its intended goal was. Using this notion, he was able
Spain continued to decline. to distribute numerous instincts into categories
A) According to B) Despite [25]---- parenting, seeking food, and mating.
C) Along with D) Except for
E) Unlike 21.
A) can be found B) ought to be found
C) could have been found D) must be found
E) used to be found

19. New research that studied individuals who lost

a loved one in the previous year has found that ---- 22.
they talked about the loss with others, ---- likely A) unless B) although
they were to become ill during the subsequent C) because D) whether
year. E) so that
A) as / as
B) neither / nor
23.
C) the more / the less
A) made up for B) stood up to
D) not only / but also
C) caught up on D) came up with
E) whether / or
E) got away from

24.
A) with B) by
20. Science fiction is a popular kind of imaginative C) of D) toward
literature ---- basic themes include space travel, E) from
time travel, and marvellous discoveries or
inventions.
A) that B) when 25.
C) at which D) whose A) in spite of B) such as
E) to whom C) owing to D) regardless of
E) with the aim of

4
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Mahatma Gandhi, one of the most transformative 31. Because young children possess a natural
figures of the 20th century, often stressed how curiosity about the world, ----.
ordinary he actually was. Yet, he was compelled to A) abstract or complex notions begin to make sense
constantly improve himself, morally and spiritually, when they reach a certain age
and this is what [26]---- him and led him to the B) learning experience is a constant source of
heights he reached as a nationalist leader and intrinsic pleasure for them
religious exemplar. But in his eyes what he achieved C) extreme shyness may prevent them from
was not extraordinary at all. [27]----, he thought it participating in classroom activities
could be attained by everyone: 'I do not have a D) parents are advised not to harshly criticise their
doubt that any man or woman can achieve what I children based on school success
have, if he or she would make the same effort [28]-- E) some prefer to spend time with their peers while
-- cultivating the same hope and faith.' Gandhi's others favour playing on their own
character was embodied in his strategy of non-
violent resistance, [29]---- satyagraha (holding to
the truth). In the face of injustice, he believed civil 32. ----, but the country is predominantly tropical,
disobedience was a citizen's duty. It should have 'no with the equator crossing through the northern
ill will or hatred behind it'. The strength of the part of the country.
satyagraha was its attempt to engage with A) Brazil is a vast country in South America with a
opponents and win disputes [30]---- persuasion, to large and ethnically diverse population
affect change without creating an enemy. B) Not more than one-fifth of Brazil's terrain is
beyond the limits of agricultural usefulness
26. C) The Amazon basin in Brazil contains the world's
A) adopted B) motivated largest tropical rain forest
C) enrolled D) admitted D) Brazil's geographical diversity makes for a range
E) dismissed of climatic conditions
E) Countless islands are found throughout Brazil's
27. river systems and in the huge delta of the Amazon
A) To illustrate B) Otherwise
C) Likewise D) Indeed
E) Even so 33. Just as dinosaurs characterised the Cretaceous
Period, which ended with their extinction 66
28. million years ago, ----.
A) except for B) as well as A) studies that aim to find how they went extinct
C) despite D) owing to focus on the impact of a celestial body as the most
E) regardless of probable cause
B) dinosaurs roamed the planet for millions of years
29. as the dominant species, much longer than human
A) terming B) to term beings have
C) termed D) to have termed C) human beings consume and use up the natural
E) to be termed resources at a pace faster than any other species
have in history
30. D) many scientists believe we need to designate a
A) through B) above new geologic age, called the Anthropocene, that
C) towards D) without reflects the impact of humankind
E) behind E) the Tasmanian tiger, thylacine, was one of the
species of animals that went extinct in the 1900s

5
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

34. While the automobile provides unprecedented 37. ----, it was not until only 1995 that extreme
personal mobility, ----. sports achieved their highest level of public
A) the number of vehicles on roads is increasing exposure with the First Extreme Games.
daily around the world A) While most sports now classified as extreme
B) this convenience has its costs including traffic have all existed for a long time and most have
crashes, and the deaths and injuries caused by competitions
these crashes B) Given that extreme sports are international with
C) cars are operated by people whose behaviours the Extreme or X Games attracting competitors
are influenced by a multitude of psychological from dozens of nations
factors C) Because what differentiates extreme sports from
D) traffic safety professionals have been working to others involves changes in the rules and use of
reduce the frequency of motor vehicle crashes for equipment
decades D) Although sport climbing is the only extreme sport
E) an important component of the traffic safety with separate divisions for men and women
problem is understanding, predicting, and E) Seeing that all extreme sports are individual
modifying the behaviours of drivers sports and involve a greater degree of risk to the
athletes

35. Death rates have been falling in all Western 38. ----, the roots of environmental movements
countries for decades ----. date back to the 1800s, when demands for cleaner
A) so life expectancy is calculated based on the water and air became common.
proportion of deaths at each age A) Since they had their origins in the conservation
B) even if big social as well as cultural changes occur movement that began a century earlier
almost in each society B) As long as industrialisation and colonialism
C) although life expectancy was previously climbing sparked the first environmentalist voices
by about three months a year C) Once the rapid sweep of resource exploitation
D) given that fatalities can be reduced substantially aroused a few opposing voices
through mass media coverage of traffic accidents D) Even though the term environmentalism was not
E) as there have been a number of improvements in used until much later
medicine and nutrition E) Given that the term 'environmental' appeared
during the second half of the 20th century

36. While the science of psychology may seem 39. ----, some simple breathing techniques can help
abstract at times, ----. you lower high levels of anxiety.
A) it also relates to why we are so fascinated with A) Though some studies have shown that
celebrities controlling your breathing helps reduce anxiety
B) it is German psychologist Wilhelm Wundt who is B) Unlike ancient yoga, which can decrease your
considered to be the father of the field anxiety levels
C) it is a remarkably varied field with a great C) While you block your right nostril and keep
number of subfields breathing through your left nostril
D) the human mind, the main focus of D) Despite the recent growing interest in learning
psychologists, does not function in isolation how to breathe correctly
E) its implications touch every arena in which E) Whether you are an anxious flyer, rushed off
people think, feel, or act your feet or running late for an appointment

6
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

40. ----, subliminal advertising's effectiveness is still 42. Since its slave revolution and war of
uncertain. independence, which resulted in the founding of
A) If its effects are restricted to a select group of the nation in 1804, small-scale agricultural
people production has dominated the economy of Haiti.
B) Due to fears that it may influence people A) Köle devrimi ve bağımsızlık savaşı sonrası 1804
subconsciously yılında kurulan Haiti'nin ekonomisine, kuruluşundan
C) In addition to several research studies on beri küçük ölçekli tarımsal üretim hâkim olmuştur.
advertising techniques B) Haiti ekonomisinde küçük ölçekli tarımsal üretim,
D) While it has been proven to work to some extent 1804'te ülkenin kuruluşuyla sonuçlanan köle
in some research devrimi ve bağımsızlık savaşından itibaren hüküm
E) As several studies have found that subliminal sürmüştür.
stimuli can influence behaviour C) Köle devrimi ve bağımsızlık savaşı neticesinde
1804 yılında kurulmuş olan Haiti'nin, ekonomisinde
en önemli yerlerden birini küçük ölçekli tarımsal
üretim tutmaktadır.
D) Haiti, 1804'te köle devrimi ve bağımsızlık savaşı
sonrasında kurulmuş ve o zamandan beri
ekonomisindeki en büyük pay küçük ölçekli tarımsal
üretimin olmuştur.
E) 1804'te ülkenin kurulmasıyla sonuçlanan köle
devrimi ve bağımsızlık savaşından beri Haiti
ekonomisine küçük ölçekli tarımsal üretim hâkim
olmuştur.

43. It is of vital importance to learn how to identify

sources of stress in order reduce the risk of
seriously impairing our mental health.
A) Ruh sağlığımızı ciddi şekilde bozma riskini
azaltmak için stres kaynaklarının nasıl tespit
edileceğini öğrenmek, hayati bir öneme sahiptir.
41. Because ethnicity and race are critical to B) Stres kaynaklarının nasıl tespit edileceğini
Southern Africa's social and economic framework, öğrenmek, ruh sağlığımızı ciddi şekilde bozma riskini
----. azaltma konusunda hayati bir önem taşımaktadır.
A) the region's main racial features originally C) Stres kaynaklarının nasıl tespit edileceğini
appeared in the Cape Colony and Natal öğrenerek hayati bir öneme sahip olan ruh
B) colonial boundary-makers generally ignored sağlığımızı ciddi şekilde bozma riskini azaltabiliriz.
existing ethnic boundaries D) Stres kaynaklarının nasıl tespit edileceğini
C) the colonial settlements also produced mixed öğrenmek, ruh sağlığımızı ciddi şekilde bozma riskini
race populations azaltacağı için hayati bir önem taşımaktadır.
D) racial and ethnic struggles tend to be central E) Ruh sağlığımızı ciddi şekilde bozma riskini
drivers of the region's politics azaltmak hayati bir öneme sahiptir ve bunun için
E) the 19th century was an especially violent period stres kaynaklarının nasıl tespit edileceğini
in South Africa öğrenmemiz gerekir.

7
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

44. Novelists explore ethical ideas through the 46. Emotional intelligence, which involves the
crises and dilemmas their characters endure, and ability to recognise your own emotions as well as
Tolstoy's exploration of happiness evidently falls the emotions of other people, also has to do with
how you manage your emotions and other
into this category.
people's emotions.
A) Roman yazarlarının karakterlerin katlandığı A) Duygusal zekâ yalnızca kendi duygularınızı ve
krizler ve ikilemler aracılığıyla etik fikirleri diğer insanların duygularını tanıma yeteneğini
keşfetmesi gibi Tolstoy'un mutluluğu keşfi de açıkça kapsamakla kalmaz, duygularınızı ve diğer insanların
bu kategoride yer almaktadır. duygularını nasıl yönettiğinizle de ilgilenir.
B) Roman yazarları, etik fikirleri karakterlerinin B) Hem kendi duygularınızın hem de diğer insanların
tahammül ettiği krizler ve ikilemler aracılığıyla duygularının farkında olma anlamına gelen duygusal
zekâya sahip olduğunuzda kendi duygularınızın yanı
keşfederler ve Tolstoy'un mutluluğu keşfi açıkça bu
sıra diğer insanların duygularını da yönetebilirsiniz.
kategoriye girer. C) Duygusal zekâ, kendi duygularınızla birlikte
C) Roman yazarları, etik fikirler aracılığıyla başkalarının da duygularını tanıma yeteneğine sahip
karakterlerin katlandığı krizleri ve ikilemleri olup hem kendi duygularınızı hem de başkalarının
keşfeder ve Tolstoy'un mutluluk keşfi de açıkça bu duygularını yönetmekle alakalıdır.
kategoride yer almaktadır. D) Diğer insanların duygularının yanı sıra kendi
duygularınızın da farkında olma yeteneğini kapsayan
D) Etik fikirler, karakterlerin katlandığı krizler ve
duygusal zekâ, aynı zamanda duygularınızı ve diğer
ikilemler aracılığıyla roman yazarları tarafından
insanların duygularını nasıl yönettiğinizle de
keşfedilir ve Tolstoy'un mutluluğu keşfetmesi de alakalıdır.
açıkça bu kategoridedir. E) Kendi duygularınızı ve diğer insanların duygularını
E) Roman yazarlarının karakterlerin tahammül ettiği tanıma yeteneği anlamına gelen duygusal zekâya
krizler ve ikilemler aracılığıyla keşfettiği etik fikirler ve sahip insanlar hem kendi duygularını hem de başka
Tolstoy'un mutluluğu keşfi açıkça aynı kategoridedir. insanların duygularını yönetebilirler.

45. Since the 4th century BCE, the works of 47. Different societies shared certain common,
Aristotle, student to Plato, have profoundly fundamental features until about 10,000 years ago
influenced a broad variety of fields, including the as they all obtained their food, shelter and clothing
natural sciences, logic, and political science. roughly the same way.
A) Eserleri MÖ 4. yüzyıldan itibaren doğa bilimleri, A) Farklı toplumlar yaklaşık 10,000 yıl öncesine
kadar belli ortak temel özellikleri paylaşıyorlardı
mantık ve siyaset bilimi gibi pek çok alanı derinden
çünkü tümü yiyeceğini, barınağını ve giysilerini
etkilemiş olan Aristo, Platon'un öğrencisidir. hemen hemen aynı şekilde elde ediyorlardı.
B) Doğa bilimleri, mantık ve siyaset bilimi dâhil B) Toplumlar farklı olsa da 10,000 yıl öncesine kadar
olmak üzere birçok alanı eserleriyle derinden temel özellikleri ortaktı çünkü tüm toplumlar kabaca
etkileyen Aristo, MÖ 4. yüzyılda Platon'un aynı şekilde yiyecek, barınak ve giysi ihtiyaçlarını
öğrencisiydi. karşılıyorlardı.
C) Değişik toplumların temel ortak özellikleri
C) Aristo, MÖ 4. yüzyılda, Platon'un öğrencisi olarak
neredeyse 10,000 yıl öncesine kadar aynıydı çünkü
eserleriyle doğa bilimleri, mantık ve siyaset bilimi
tümü yiyecek, barınak ve giysilerini, kabaca da olsa,
gibi birçok alanı büyük ölçüde etkilemiştir. aynı şekilde elde ediyorlardı.
D) MÖ 4. yüzyıldan bu yana doğa bilimleri, mantık D) Farklı toplumların hepsi yiyeceklerini,
ve siyaset bilimi başta olmak üzere pek çok alanı barınaklarını ve giysilerini yaklaşık 10,000 yıl
derinden etkilemiş olan Aristo, Platon'un öncesine kadar aynı şekilde elde ettiklerinden, belli
öğrencisidir. ortak özellikleri de neredeyse aynıydı.
E) Değişik toplumlarda izlenen ortak temel özellikler
E) Platon'un öğrencisi olan Aristo'nun eserleri, MÖ
neredeyse 10,000 yıl öncesine dayanır çünkü o
4. yüzyıldan itibaren doğa bilimleri, mantık ve zamanlarda toplumların tümü yiyecek, barınak ve
siyaset bilimi dâhil olmak üzere pek çok alanı büyük giysilerini benzer yollarla ediniyordu.
ölçüde etkilemiştir.

8
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

48. Rönesans, bir zaman diliminden ziyade, belirli 50. Kuzey Amerika'nın yerli halkları 15. yüzyıl
fikirlerin hayatın neredeyse tüm alanlarına sonundaki Avrupalı yerleşimci akınına ittifaktan
uygulanmasıyla tanımlanan bir dönemdi. silahlı direnişe kadar çeşitli şekillerde tepki
göstermiştir.
A) The Renaissance was defined as a period by the
A) At the end of the 15th century, the ways native
application of certain ideas to almost all aspects of peoples of the North America reacted to the influx
life rather than a span of time. of European settlers varied from alliance to armed
B) During the Renaissance, the period was not only resistance.
defined by a span of time but also by the way certain B) Native peoples of the North America reacted to
ideas were applied to almost all aspects of life. the influx of European settlers at the end of the
C) Instead of a span of time, the application of 15th century in varied ways from alliance to armed
resistance.
certain ideas to nearly every aspect of life defines
C) The reaction of native peoples of the North
the Renaissance as a period. America to the influx of European settlers at the
D) The Renaissance was a period defined less by a end of the 15th century varied from alliance to
span of time than by the application of certain ideas armed resistance.
to almost every aspect of life. D) As the influx of European settlers grew at the
E) The definition of the Renaissance was not made end of the 15th century, native peoples of the
North America reacted to it through alliances and
by a span of time but by applying certain ideas to
armed resistance.
nearly every aspect of life.
E) Native peoples of the North America
demonstrated their reaction to the influx of
European settlers at the end of the 15th century in
various ways including alliance and armed
resistance.
49. İlk Avrupalı kâşifler karşılaştıkları her kara
51. Asyalılar 175 yıldan daha fazla bir süredir
parçasının ada olduğunu varsaymışlardır ve kıtalar
ABD'de yaşamaktadırlar, fakat Asya kökenli
ile adalar arasındaki ayrım ise ancak 16. yüzyılda Amerikalıların sayıca önemli bir hâle gelmeleri ve
yapılmıştır. toplumlarının ve konumlarının yeterli ilgiyi
A) Even if the distinction between continents and çekmesi ancak 19. yüzyılın sonunda olmuştur.
islands was eventually made in the 16th century, A) For over 175 years, Asians have lived in the US,
early European explorers believed that every land but it was only in the late 19th century that the
they encountered was an island. Asian Americans became important in number and
thus sufficient attention was given to their society
B) The distinction between continents and islands
and position.
could not be made until the 16th century because B) It was not earlier than the late 19th century that
early European explorers thought every land they Asian Americans became numerically significant and
encountered was an island. sufficient attention was paid to their society and
C) Early European explorers assumed that every position although Asians have lived in the US for
land they encountered was an island, and it was not more than 175 years.
C) Asians have lived in the US for over 175 years, yet
until the 16th century that the distinction between
it was not until the late 19th century that the Asian
continents and islands was finally made.
Americans became numerically significant and their
D) Because early European explorers considered society and position attracted sufficient attention.
every land they encountered to be an island, it was D) Asians had lived in the US for more than 175 years
not possible to distinguish continents from islands when sufficient attention was paid to the society and
until the 16th century. position of the Asian Americans during the late 19th
E) Although it was finally possible to distinguish century, with their numbers becoming significant.
E) Asian Americans became numerically so
between continents and islands in the 16th century,
important that their society and position received
it was early explorers who supposed that every land sufficient attention in the late 19th century, though
they encountered was an island. Asians have lived in the US for over 175 years.

9
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

52. Yaklaşık son 30 yıldır kurumlar; daha fazla 54. As early humans moved out of Africa and into
esneklik sağlamaları ve maliyetleri düşürmeleri colder, more hostile climates, they were
sebebiyle gittikçe artan bir şekilde yarı zamanlı confronted with the problem of keeping warm. ----
çalışanlara yönelmiştir. From this basic need developed the rich and varied
A) For almost 30 years now, more and more part- dress of the world's peoples. As societies began to
time employees have been hired by organisations develop, many other factors determined the
due to the fact that they provide greater flexibility specific dress of a region or a culture, including
and reduce costs. technological levels, relative affluence, class and
B) What has made organisations tum to part-time hierarchy, migration, war, religion, and
employees for the past 30 years or so is the fact industrialisation.
that they provide greater flexibility and reduce A) The earliest forms of dress were probably animal
costs. skins, at first used in their original shapes and later
C) With their ability to provide greater flexibility and modified to fit the human form.
reduce costs, part-time employees have been B) Clothing that mirrored social divisions and
increasingly preferred by organisations during the defined subcultures allowed an immediate visual
past 30 years or so. determination of the wearer's place and status.
D) Since part-time employees have provided greater C) Without a thick coat of hair to protect them from
flexibility and reduced costs during the past 30 the elements they had to create an artificial means
years, organisations have increasingly preferred of retaining body heat in order to survive.
them. D) The first woven garments were probably simple
E) For the past 30 years or so, organisations have rectangles or squares of fabric wrapped around the
increasingly turned to part-time employees because body.
they provide greater flexibility and reduce costs. E) Early clothing was shaped not only by climate and
environment, but also by the materials that were
available to make clothes.

53. Bal, şeker ithalatı başlayana kadar en iyi 55. There is a popular misconception that medieval
tatlandırıcı olduğu için arıcılık Orta Çağ food had less variety than modern food, possibly
Avrupası'nda oldukça önemli bir işti. due to the number of new ingredients introduced to
A) Because honey was the best sweetener until the cuisine after the discovery of the New World. ----
sugar import began, bee keeping was a very Not only did they consume domestic livestock such
important task in Europe's Middle Ages. as cows, sheep, pigs, chicken, geese, and ducks, but
B) Before sugar import started, honey was the best they also hunted game such as deer, boars, rabbits,
sweetener, thus bee keeping was a very important and wildfowl. Commoners were generally not
task in Europe's Middle Ages. supposed to hunt, but they often poached rabbits
C) Until sugar import began, beekeeping remained a and wildfowl in defiance of the laws.
very important task in Europe's Middle Ages thanks A) At the bottom of the economic scale, people were
to honey, which was then the best sweetener. suffering from undernutrition due to lack of food.
D) The reason why beekeeping was such an B) For most of the people, protein came less from
important task in Europe's Middle Ages was that meat than from eggs, butter, and cheese.
honey was the best sweetener until sugar started to C) The range of foods was less diverse than it is
be imported. today because of the difficulties of preservation.
E) Because honey continued to be ·the best D) Tomato and potato were among the popular
sweetener until sugar began to be imported, foods introduced to the medieval cuisine.
beekeeping was such an important task in Europe's E) Yet, the 14th-century aristocracy ate a much
Middle Ages. greater range of meats than is common today.

10
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

56. High-yield seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, 58. DNA detective work has revealed the ancient
tractors, and motorised well pumps have hugely origins of the domesticated watermelon. Its wild
increased crop yields since the 1960s in India. Once counterparts found in parts of Africa are nothing
struck by famines, India feeds itself today. Its like domesticated varieties. They are small, round
farmers sell the world torrents of grains and fruits. and have white flesh with a very bitter taste due
---- Agricultural chemicals have poisoned entire to compounds called cucurbitacins. ---- However,
river systems, possibly contributing to hot spots of pictures on the walls of at least three ancient
diseases like cancer. Moreover, unsustainable Egyptian tombs depict what look like watermelons
harvests have resulted in a great loss of large – including one that looks strikingly like modern
quantities of groundwater. varieties.
A) For example, Punjabi farmers produce nearly a A) In the 19th century, watermelon leaves were
quarter of India's wheat. found placed on a mummy in a tomb dating back
B) Thus, devastating famines, coupled with political around 3500 years.
instability, led the country into turmoil. B) We do not know much about when and where
C) In addition, excessive mining of sand from they were domesticated.
riverbeds has destroyed aquatic habitats. C) One ancient Egyptian picture is of what appears
D) But this stunning victory against hunger has to be an elongated melon, so it seems farmers had
come at a huge cost. bred watermelons at least 3500 years ago.
E) With its Green Revolution, India has made a D) The DNA also reveals that the ancient watermelon
spectacular agricultural breakthrough. was closely related to a sweet watermelon still grown
in the Darfur region of Sudan.
E) The watermelon was first grown by farmers in
57. In the United States and many Western Sudan and use of the plant spread northwards
societies, autonomy and individualism are the along the Nile.
guiding philosophies. Individuals are socialised and
reinforced to be self-sufficient and independent, 59. Most historians believe the first Central
and personal success and achievement are highly Americans were people from Asia who migrated
valued. Conversely, Asian cultures are around 20,000 years ago across the Bering Strait
characterised as collectivistic. ---- Roles are from Russia and down through the Americas. ----
interdependent and inextricably woven into social Either way, things got decidedly more tense for the
structures. Therefore, a decision made by an region in the next few thousand years. Natural
individual must take into account the whole rather disasters, such as hurricanes, volcanic eruptions
than merely the individual's needs. and mudslides, destroyed settlements, while rival
A) Successes and failures are due to the blessings or city-states battled each other. Then the Europeans
anger of their ancestors. showed up, with the first Spanish settlement
B) In other words, one's identity, behaviours, and established in Panama in 1509.
successes are rooted in collective units such as the A) Others argue that seafaring Asians crossed to
family and community. present-day California only about 11,000 years ago.
C) Shameful behaviours do not merely reflect on B) Most of the 'Indians' who met the Spanish lived
the individual but ultimately on his/her entire in small tribes, as corn farmers or hunter-gatherers.
family, lineage, and even community. C) The first European settlement in Central America
D) However, the concept of independence and was established in a region near Panama in 1509.
societal norms can take on different connotations in D) In some parts of Central America, one can still
different cultures. trace several remnants from the Asian migrants.
E) Positive and negative behaviours are believed to E) To many historians, how the region was populated
impact future generations in Western culture. is still a mystery that needs to be unearthed.

11
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

60. (I) Social informatics is a term that lies at the 63. (I) Seen in terms of world history, Columbus
intersection between information technology and achieved a great deal. (II) His voyages
social science. (II) Over the past few decades, demonstrated that the Atlantic could be crossed
particularly since the early 1990s, there have been and recrossed in relative safety. (III) However, just
dramatic advances in information technologies. (III) as we cannot draw a precise map of Columbus's
It has two distinct meanings; in the first, social travels, we do not know the extent of his formal
informatics consists of the study of the impacts of knowledge of geography and related matters. (IV)
information and communication technology (ICT) This fact, in turn, encouraged others to extend the
on society. (IV) In the second, it consists of the use range of exploring expeditions, eventually leading
of ICT to advance research in social science. (V) In to the Spanish explorer Balboa's discovery of the
the second case, social informatics sometimes is Pacific Ocean in 1513. (V) The discovery of the
contracted to socioinformatics. extent of the oceans radically transformed the
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V European conception of the Earth's surface, making
it possible to sail to all corners of the Earth.
61. (I) Ships were invented before the beginning of A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
recorded history. (II) The Egyptians developed true
sails by 3500 BCE and the first sail-only boats were
being used by 2000 BCE. (III) For almost 4,000 years
64. (I) Burning herbs for purification, grounding and
the leading technological developments involved
to drive away negative energies is common in many
refinements in sails and the design of larger and
cultures. (II) Ancient Egyptians and Greeks burned
more powerful ships. (IV) The 19th century brought
herbs as an offering to the gods. (III) In China, also,
the development of steam power; after that time
the Naxi people have a custom that involves
ships driven by electricity, fossil fuels, and even
burning incense made from sacred plants and
nuclear energy were developed. (V) Throughout
herbs. (IV) To deepen this historical practice, one
history, ships have served as unifying forces,
can grow his/her own herbs such as wild ones in the
promoting multilateralism and cultural diversity
forests. (V) They do not do it to make a room
through trade.
fragrant or to meditate, but the effort of creating
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
the incense makes its burning an important ritual
for the Chinese; a way of giving back.
62. (I) Archaeologists have used remains and
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
nutrient analyses of wild plants and animal foods
consumed by hunter-gatherers that survived into
our age to estimate the dominant composition of
prevailing pre-agricultural diets. (II) The enormous 65. (I) The history of playing cards is lost in the mists
diversify of hunter-gatherer societies - ranging from of time. (II) Some claim they were the invention of
maritime hunters to foragers in arid environments - the ancient Chinese, others that they were first
means that there has never been a single typical used in Ancient Egypt. (III) India has also been put
hunter-gatherer diet. (III) These reconstructions forward as the place where they originated. (IV)
conclude that plant foods, generally consumed There are perhaps links with the Crusaders who
within hours after being gathered, supplied 65 to 70 may have learned about them from the Saracens,
percent of all food energy. (IV) Proteins made up who may have used them to divine the future since
about a third of food energy, and lipids about 20 the eighth century AD. (V) The first cards to arrive in
percent. (V) Average intakes of vitamins and Britain came from France five hundred years ago,
minerals were generally well above the modern and the design of the cards is still based on a
recommended daily allowances (RDA). pattern used all those years ago.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

12
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Conspiracy theories seem shot-through with 67. The author mentions the cases of measles in
paranoia, and there is evidence to suggest that the England in order to ----.
more paranoid someone is, the more they tend to A) demonstrate how hazardous the measles vaccine
believe these theories. However, studies point out really is
that this does not refer to severe 'clinical level' B) illustrate that those 'in the know' can avoid
paranoia, even for those who believe in theories as dangerous vaccines
unreasonable as the Earth being flat instead of a C) prove that conspiracy theorists are just trying to
globe. Most conspiracy theories are mundane, stay safe
everyday suspicions that we all have to some extent D) argue that people who are against vaccines are
– not outlandish levels. Recent studies have also not actually paranoid
found that people who are more likely to believe in E) show how harmful certain conspiracy theories
conspiracy theories also tend to have a need for can be
uniqueness - a desire to be part of the small group
of people who are 'in the know'. Conspiracy
theories can seem pretty harmless, but in July 2018,
Public Health England announced that more than
750 cases of measles had been identified across
England so far this year, because a theory was put
forth by conspiracy theorists about the dangers of
the measles vaccine. It is important to note that
conspiratorial thinking exists within all of us. These
habits of mind can creep into a lot of beliefs that do
not necessarily look like conspiracy theories on the
surface. In other words, perhaps the most
dangerous thing of all is to assume that conspiracy
theorists are all other people.

66. Which of the following best describes the 68. What the author finds most concerning about
author's attitude towards the flat Earth theory? conspiracy theories is that ---.
A) Critical A) conspiracy theorists should be considered
B) Indifferent 'clinically' paranoid
C) Sympathetic B) most people strongly feel the need to be unique
D) Neutral C) conspiratorial thinking aims to understand the
E) Approving world
D) conspiracy theorists serve a useful role in society
E) any one of us can actually be a conspiracy
theorist

13
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

In 1987, political scientist James Flynn of the 70. One can understand from the passage that in
University of Otago in New Zealand documented a France, ----.
curious phenomenon: broad intelligence gains in A) the performance of the average 18-year-old man
multiple human populations over time. Across 14 on a reasoning test got better in time
countries where average IQ scores of large numbers B) the youngsters in 1974 had far worse results
of people in the population were available for when compared to the ones in 1949
decades, all had an upward trend, some of them C) the increase in IQ scores were not reliable due to
had a dramatic increase. Children in Japan, for the faulty intelligence tests
example, gained an average of 20 points on a test D) the average 18-year-old man in 1974 got 25
known as the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for points more than his Japanese peers
Children between 1951 and 1975. In France, the E) the average IQ test scores of the average 18-
average 18-year-old man performed 25 points year-old man worsened over years
better on a reasoning test in 1974 than did his 1949
counterpart. Flynn initially suspected the trend
reflected faulty tests. Yet in the ensuing years, more
data and analyses supported the idea that human
intelligence was increasing over time. Proposed
explanations for the phenomenon, now known as
the Flynn effect, include increasing education,
better nutrition, and greater use of technology.
However, beginning with people born in the 1970s,
the trend has reversed in some Western European
countries, deepening the mystery of what is behind
the generational variations. But no consensus has
emerged on the underlying cause of these trends.

69. According to the passage, James Flynn ----. 71. According to the passage, for people born
A) revealed that all the countries studied had sharp around and after 1970s in some Western European
increases in IQ scores countries, ----.
B) had already analysed several IQ tests carried out A) performance on IQ tests has got better thanks to
especially in Western Europe by 1987 improvements in education, health and technology
C) observed an increase in average IQ scores from B) scientists have started to believe that human
past to the present in the 14 countries he studied intelligence is subject to change over time
D) tested the claim whether people become more C) the overall results of young people in basic
intelligent as they age reasoning tests have worsened due to poor
E) is the first scientist to conduct a study on the nutrition
increase of IQ scores D) the average performance in intelligence tests has
begun to decrease
E) the factors causing the general variations have
been better understood

14
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

When the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) came to 73. It can be inferred from the passage that the
national power in 1949, some Chinese sociologists Soviets ----.
left the country but most remained. Initially, those A) opened their doors to sociologists fleeing from
who remained were optimistic that their skills China
would be useful to the new government. Experience B) did not recognise sociology as a field of study in
in community fieldwork and an orientation toward their own regime
studying social problems seemed to make Chinese C) sent sociologists to China to help design its own
sociologists natural allies of those constructing a methods of social investigations
planned social order. These hopes disappeared D) forced the CCP to abolish sociology and expel
quickly in 1952 when the CCP abolished the field of sociologists from the country
sociology. That decision was motivated by the CCP's E) offered aid to the CCP in achieving its goal of
desire to follow the Soviet model. The CCP argued rising to political power
that it had developed its own methods of 'social
investigations' during the revolutionary process,
with Mao Zedong playing a leading role in this
development. This approach stressed basic
investigations designed to further official
revolutionary or economic goals of the CCP rather
than any sort of search for objective truth. Chinese
sociologists, trained in a different tradition and
looking for objective truth to raise questions about
the CC P's policies, were seen as a threat to the
ideological hegemony of the new regime.

72. According to the passage, which of the 74. What can be understood from the passage
following is true about the CCP? about Mao Zedong?
A) It tried hard to prevent Chinese sociologists from A) He feared that sociologists seeking objective
leaving the country. truth could harm the new regime.
B) It refused to ally itself with sociologists before B) He took more interest in meeting the CCP's
taking control of the country. revolutionary objectives than economic ones.
C) It made extensive use of contributions of C) He was the one who gave hope to Chinese
sociologists, as expected by them. sociologists in the first place.
D) It disappointed sociologists who stayed in China D) He desired to transform the mindset of the
after rising to power. remaining sociologists radically.
E) It wanted to collaborate with sociologists who E) He copied the Soviet model to introduce valuable
focused mainly on social problems. insights into the study of sociology.

15
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Was Jane Austen a shy, gentle country girl, happy to 76. Paula Byrne describes Austen as someone who
write her romantic novels in the peace and quiet of ----.
the family house, or was she an independent A) was typical of English writers at the time
business woman determined to achieve fame? This B) was aware of the importance of social skills
question has provoked much debate over the past C) was reluctant to express her feelings in letters
decades and will no doubt continue to resurface. D) avoided literary clichés as much as possible
Frustratingly, little is known about Austen, who died E) was sophisticated and aware of the world outside
tragically young, at the age of 41. Much of the
evidence we have of her life is in the form of the
many letters she wrote to family and friends, which
offer a unique insight into the daily life of the
novelist, but little about her thoughts and feelings.
Paula Byrne, who has written two books on Austen,
has never been a subscriber to the cosy cliché of
Austen scribbling her novels in the safety of her
cottage. Instead, she wants people to see her as she
really was; an independent woman in Georgian
England who was well-travelled, socially adept and
far more in touch with her world than has
previously been assumed. Austen died in 1817
leaving what may have been her finest novel
unfinished. No matter how one views Jane Austen,
there is no doubt she had so much more to offer
the world.

75. According to the author, many people have 77. Which of the following is implied by the
questioned ----. underlined sentence in the passage?
A) why so little is known about Austen even today A) Jane Austen's role in Georgian England
B) why Austen wished to be famous in her lifetime B) Jane Austen's well-known novels
C) what kind of a person Austen really was C) The private life of Jane Austen
D) why Austen's books trigger debate in literary D) The early death of Jane Austen
circles E) Jane Austen's frustrations in life
E) what genre Austen's books fall into

16
 YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Ancient Egyptian society was composed of three 79. Which of the following is true about ancient
classes, one of which consisted of 'free people.' Egypt?
Free Egyptian citizens - both male and female - A) It was possible for most free Egyptians to
possessed two defining rights: they were free to become very rich.
travel and to enter into contractual agreements. B) Free people were not allowed to work for the
Although they enjoyed no other rights of modern government.
societies, their right to make contracts permitted C) Marriage ceremonies usually involved a priest
members of this group to own property and marry. D) Marriages were religious conventions
Serfs and slaves were also permitted possessions, accompanied by an agreement.
but they could not transfer them without a E) The family of the bride was one party of the
contract- only the free class could acquire and sell marital contract.
animals, property and buildings as they wished.
Though most free people earned just enough to live
on, some accumulated wealth, and a few even
earned high positions in government. Whether rich
or poor, any free person had the right to marriage.
Marriage was not a religious matter in Egypt - no
ceremony involving a priest took place - but simply
a social convention that required an agreement,
that is, a contract, negotiated by the suitor and the
family of his prospective wife. The agreement made
an exchange of objects of value necessary on both
sides. The agreement also specified what property
belonged to the woman and what belonged to the
man, as well as stating who would inherit what on
the death of either party. In some cases, a written
contract was executed before witnesses, in others
only a verbal agreement took place.

78. According to the passage, free Egyptian citizens 80. The marriage contract ----.
----. A) required the exchange of valuable gifts by each
A) had as many rights as a free citizen in a modern party
society B) ensured all mutual property owned by the couple
B) enjoyed certain rights regardless of gender transferred to the woman
C) needed a contract to sell and buy possessions C) did not address the possible death of either the
belonging to serfs husband or the wife
D) could sell property just the same as slaves and D) was only legally valid if executed in front of
serfs witnesses
E) were required to have a contract in order to E) was handled exclusively by the family of the
travel prospective wife

17 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Sosyal Bilimler 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

1 D 21 A 41 D 61 E
2 B 22 C 42 E 62 B
3 D 23 D 43 A 63 C
4 E 24 D 44 B 64 D
5 A 25 B 45 E 65 E
6 D 26 B 46 D 66 A
7 B 27 D 47 A 67 E
8 E 28 B 48 D 68 E
9 B 29 C 49 C 69 C
10 B 30 A 50 B 70 A
11 B 31 B 51 C 71 D
12 C 32 D 52 E 72 D
13 B 33 D 53 A 73 B
14 D 34 B 54 C 74 A
15 B 35 E 55 E 75 C
16 A 36 E 56 D 76 E
17 C 37 A 57 B 77 D
18 B 38 D 58 B 78 B
19 C 39 E 59 A 79 E
20 D 40 D 60 B 80 A
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

1. A marine bacterium has been genetically 5. Hormone replacement therapy is no longer

engineered to produce spider silk, which has many recommended for women in menopause because
‐‐‐‐ in the medical industry. several studies have found that the benefits do not
A) shortcomings B) applications ‐‐‐‐ the risks as it can increase the risk of heart
C) generalisations D) requirements disease, stroke, and breast cancer.
E) separations A) deteriorate B) violate
C) outweigh D) extend
E) address

2. When you have a craving for sweets, avoid 6. Water is of such great importance that it ‐‐‐‐
refined sugar or artificial sweeteners like saccharin almost two thirds of the human body by weight.
as they are harmful, but stevia, a natural sweetener A) goes through B) turns down
obtained from a plant, can be a good ‐‐‐‐ for sugar. C) makes up D) takes over
A) component B) restriction E) builds on
C) distribution D) substitute
E) qualification

3. Panic disorder is characterised by recurrent, 7. Celiac disease is a form of food sensitivity in

unexpected panic attacks and the ‐‐‐‐ fear of which people ‐‐‐‐ any form of gluten, and the
having another attack, a fear that ultimately leads symptoms, ‐‐‐‐ abdominal pain, vomiting, and
to behavioural changes. diarrhoea or poor growth in young children, are
A) trivial B) consequent usually quite severe.
C) elaborate D) precious A) do not have to tolerate / include
E) mandatory B) cannot tolerate / including
C) may not tolerate / to include
D) had better not tolerate / included
E) should not tolerate / being included

4. Oxygen deprivation damages brain areas ‐‐‐‐; a 8. Arnica, a plant that ‐‐‐‐ extensively in European
person might sustain slight damage to the motor folk medicine for hundreds of years, ‐‐‐‐ as an
cortex and end up paralysed one side, but another internal treatment for dysentery and gout in the
person might go into a vegetative state despite past.
retaining some consciousness. A) is used / was being prescribed
A) casually B) subtly B) would be used / had been prescribed
C) randomly D) precisely C) has been used / was prescribed
E) deliberately D) is being used / is prescribed
E) was used / would have been prescribed

1
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

9. LDL cholesterol, known as the bad one, can build 13. Every person, ‐‐‐‐ they have a normal lifespan,
up in the artery walls of the brain and heart, follows the same sequence of mental and physical
narrowing the passageways ‐‐‐‐ blood flow, the changes from infancy to old age.
precursor ‐‐‐‐ heart disease and stroke. A) unless B) even if
A) from / around B) in / about C) provided that D) although
C) for / to D) through / behind E) in order that
E) with / at

10. Fever as a symptom provides important 14. ‐‐‐‐ they are not always indicators of cancer,
information ‐‐‐‐ the presence of illness and unusual bleeding, unexplained changes in weight,
changes ‐‐‐‐ the clinical status of the patient. indigestion and difficulty swallowing can be signs
A) at / by B) about / in of cancerous tumors.
C) above / through D) under / on A) When B) As far as
E) over / from C) Whether D) Since
E) Although

11. General anesthesia is the induction of a state 15. ‐‐‐‐ patients suffering from dementia have
of unconsciousness ‐‐‐‐ the absence of pain greatly diminished cognitive reserve, they are at a
sensation over the entire body, ‐‐‐‐ the high risk of experiencing acute cognitive or
administration of anesthetic drugs. functional decline in the setting of new medical
A) by / on B) of / for illnesses.
C) with / through D) at / into A) Unless B) Even if
E) beneath / among C) Because D) Although
E) In order that

12. ‐‐‐‐ a vaccine effective against human hepatitis 16. ‐‐‐‐ much of the bacterial population has
B virus has been produced for a couple of decades, beneficial effects in the proper processing of food,
its availability and delivery have not been the opposite can easily occur when proper
universal. digestion has been impaired.
A) As soon as B) Though A) While B) Since
C) Once D) Since C) When D) Only if
E) After E) So long as

2
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

17. Technology, in the service of medicine, has Ageing can have a negative impact on diet and
permitted the understanding and prevention of nutritional status. Energy needs and energy intake
many serious diseases ‐‐‐‐ the study of early decline [21]‐‐‐‐ age, as do body weight and lean
diagnostic techniques, such as magnetic resonance body mass. Poor health, the use of medications, and
imaging and positron emission tomography. sedentary lifestyle [22]‐‐‐‐ age‐related anorexia and
A) unlike B) despite inadequate dietary intakes. Nutrition studies have
C) thanks to D) as regards pointed to an increased risk of nutrient deficiencies
E) as to among the elderly. [23]‐‐‐‐ being monotonous and
bland, diets of the elderly are said to be marked by
sharply reduced consumption of nutrient‐dense
foods. [24]‐‐‐‐ the prevalence of malnutrition
among the elderly in the USA is reported as low,
aging does place individuals at greater nutritional
risk. There are many ways in which the aging
18. ‐‐‐‐ radiation therapy, which is targeted to a
process can change daily lives such as by altering
specific tissue, chemotherapy drugs are either sensations of hunger and thirst. Moreover, age‐
taken by mouth or through a vein and circulate related deficits in smell, and possibly taste, can lead
throughout the whole body. to a lowered enjoyment of foods. These age‐related
A) Unlike B) Due to physiological changes can [25]‐‐‐‐ the reported poor
C) With the help of D) Because of quality of the diet in older individuals.
E) As a result of
21.
A) for B) at
C) from D) during
E) with

19. A thyroid biopsy is usually required when a 22.

painless lump or a nodule is detected, ‐‐‐‐ by the A) should contribute to
patient ‐‐‐‐ by a doctor during a routine physical B) used to contribute to
examination. C) may contribute to
A) neither / nor B) either / or D) had better contribute to
C) as / as D) no sooner / than E) would contribute to
E) the more / the more
23.
A) On behalf of B) In addition to
C) In favour of D) Unlike
E) According to

24.
20. To soothe eczema flare‐ups or inflamed skin, A) Since B) Although
dermatologists advise rubbing on a cream ‐‐‐‐ C) Once D) If
contains ceramides or colloidal oatmeal after E) Given that
every handwashing.
A) when B) that 25.
C) where D) whose A) turn to B) take after
E) in which C) put off D) account for
E) give up

3
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

The use of placebos can be a popular way of 31. Even though temperament is thought to be
harnessing our inner healing power. One study rooted in the biological make‐up of a person, ‐‐‐‐.
prescribed placebo drugs, in this case sugar pills, to A) different children in the same biological family
patients who were told they were being given an 8 may have very different temperaments
mg dose of morphine. [26]‐‐‐‐, the sugar pills still B) some ethnic groups place a high value on self‐
had an effect, even once the patients found out control and relating well to others
they had taken a placebo. According to researchers, C) a quiet and serious child can fit in well with a
for many patients, hope has [27]‐‐‐‐ as important as family of scholars or intellectuals
any prescribed medication. It has been found that D) temperamental classifications have become
the brain produces chemicals that can facilitate
highly influential in medicine and biology
healing [28]‐‐‐‐ key elements of hope. Belief and
E) child's growth and development is an extensively
expectation can block pain by releasing the brain's
researched topic
endorphins, [26]‐‐‐‐ the effects of morphine. In
some cases, hope can also have important impacts
[30]‐‐‐‐ fundamental physiological processes such as
respiration , circulation and motor function, which
might explain the apparently miraculous cases of
spontaneous remissions. 32. While excess sodium in the body increases
blood pressure, ‐‐‐‐.
26. A) there is an increased risk of heart failure in salt
A) Otherwise B) Instead lovers who do not have high blood pressure
C) Similarly D) However B) sodium likes to grab onto calcium before it is
E) On the contrary flushed out of the body through urine
C) potassium eases tension in blood‐vessel walls
and helps keep blood pressure in check
27. D) a high‐sodium diet can trigger kidney stones
A) disappeared B) proved because it increases the amount of calcium in your
C) deteriorated D) reacted urine
E) retreated E) blood tests ordered by your doctor can confirm if
you are low on potassium

28.
A) for the purpose of B) as opposed to
C) on behalf of D) in comparison with
E) with the help of
33. Although the brain damage in cerebral palsy is
non‐progressive and thus deterioration does not
occur, ‐‐‐‐.
29.
A) mimicking B) to be mimicking A) treatment of cerebral palsy is aimed at
C) to be mimicked D) being mimicked maximising lifetime independence
E) to have mimicked B) premature birth is associated with an increased
risk of cerebral palsy
C) it is classified according to the form and
30. distribution of the motor handicap
A) with B) on D) the neurological display of cerebral palsy may
C) from D) over change with neurological maturation
E) at E) the precise form of cerebral palsy rarely can be
characterised prior to 6 months of age

4
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

34. ‐‐‐‐ due to their small size and their 37. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
inexperience with animals. generally occurs as a consequence of cigarette
A) Trying to break up fights between animals is not smoking, ‐‐‐‐.
recommended A) because lifestyle changes and medical therapies
B) Bacteria or other pathogens show up in about 85 help to slow the progression of the disease
percent of bites B) as it is the fourth‐leading cause of death in the
C) A single bite wound may contain many different US, affecting about 16 million Americans
types of bacteria C) while persistent cough and shortness of breath
D) Wild animals must be reported to the local are the key early symptoms of the disease
animal control authorities D) but exposure to industrial or environmental
E) Children under 12 years of age are at a higher risk toxins that damage lung tissue might be held
for animal bites responsible as well
E) once diagnosis is made with X‐ray, which shows
the increased density of the damaged lung tissue

35. While deep brain stimulation helps people with 38. Scientists are currently studying whether a
severe epilepsy or Parkinson's disease, ‐‐‐‐. low‐fat, high‐fibre diet may reduce the risk of
A) a person's efforts to commit something to developing Alzheimer's disease ‐‐‐‐.
memory would later prove successful A) since it is usually believed that genetics plays the
B) electrical stimulation at the right time gives primary role in the development of Alzheimer's
significant enhancement of later recall B) just as it lowers the risk of other diseases
C) electrodes can record the brain's intricate associated with ageing, like cardiovascular disease
electrical signals and cancer
D) it is an extreme treatment that carries the risk of C) while some researchers have found that subjects
infection with high cholesterol have a higher risk of
E) such a device may be useful for people who have developing the disease
memory loss D) although scientists studying the brain have noted
a link between high blood pressure and Alzheimer's
E) even if they believe symptoms occurring before the
age of 65 are designated as early‐onset Alzheimer's

36. Although global warming does not directly 39. ‐‐‐‐ ; however, it has been discovered that
cause cholera, ‐‐‐‐. infection with a bacterium called H. Pylori is
A) climate change will affect some health issues in responsible for causing most ulcers.
positive ways A) It is estimated that one in five people under 40
B) doctors prescribe tetracycline to shorten the are infected with ulcer‐causing bacteria
course of illness when symptoms are severe B) Years ago stress and poor diet were thought to
C) cholera is a disease that spreads by drinking be the cause of ulcers
water contaminated with cholera bacteria C) Antacids work by neutralising stomach acid
D) its effects may create an environment in which during ulcer treatment and provide rapid relief
the disease can flourish D) Untreated ulcers can lead to serious problems
E) cholera was one of the deadliest diseases in such as bleeding or serious infection
history E) Ulcers generally affect people over the age of 30
though children can get them as well

5
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

40. ‐‐‐‐, there has also been an increase in 42. The key to preventing health problems and
treatments that can limit their damage. recovering from illnesses lies in mobilising the
A) While the prevalence of conditions such as high natural resources of the body and mind.
blood pressure and diabetes has risen over the A) Vücudun ve zihnin doğal kaynaklarını harekete
years geçirmek, sağlık sorunlarını engellemenin ve
B) Unless the number of people affected by hastalıklardan kurtulmanın anahtarı olarak kabul
dementia may be rising and their lifespans are edilmektedir.
longer than in the past B) Vücudun ve zihnin doğal kaynaklarının harekete
C) If there is a rise in educational attainment and geçirilmesi, sağlık sorunlarını önlemede ve
better control of cardiovascular issues to prevent hastalıklardan kurtulmada anahtar görevi
future drawbacks görmektedir.
D) As long as people are well aware of the ways to C) Sağlık sorunlarını önlemenin ve hastalıklardan
avoid and cope better with vascular dementia or kurtulmanın anahtarı vücudun ve zihnin doğal
Alzheimer's kaynaklarını harekete geçirmede yatmaktadır.
E) By the time the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease D) Vücudun ve zihnin doğal kaynaklarının kullanımı,
manifest themselves suddenly in a very short time sağlık sorunlarının önlenmesinde ve hastalıklardan
kurtulmada bir anahtar görevi görmektedir.
E) Sağlık sorunlarının önlenmesi ve hastalıkların
iyileştirilmesi ancak vücudun ve zihnin doğal
kaynaklarının hareketlendirilmesiyle mümkün olur.

43. Diagnosis of sleep disorders usually requires a

psychological history as well as a medical history,
and with the exception of sleep apnoea syndromes,
physical examinations are not always revealing.
A) Uyku bozukluklarının teşhisi genellikle tıbbi
geçmiş kadar psikolojik geçmişi de gerektirir ve uyku
apnesi sendromları hariç fiziksel muayeneler her
zaman açıklayıcı değildir.
41. A recent study has revealed that an increase in B) Uyku bozukluklarının teşhisinde, uyku apnesi
coffee consumption for two weeks reduces blood sendromları hariç, genellikle tıbbi geçmiş ve
glucose levels ‐‐‐‐. psikolojik geçmiş de gereklidir çünkü fiziksel
A) since higher coffee consumption is associated muayeneler her zaman açıklayıcı olmaz.
with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes C) Uyku apnesi sendromları hariç uyku
B) until the association between coffee bozukluklarının teşhisi genellikle tıbbi geçmiş ve
consumption and risk of clinical type 2 diabetes is psikolojik geçmişi gerektirdiği için fiziksel
researched muayeneler her zaman açıklayıcı değildir.
C) whereas the substitution of a decaffeinated D) Fiziksel muayeneler her zaman açıklayıcı olmadığı
coffee for a caffeinated one does not have the same için uyku apnesi sendromları hariç, uyku
effect bozukluklarının teşhisinde genellikle tıbbi geçmişle
D) though coffee contains magnesium that could birlikte psikolojik geçmiş de gereklidir.
improve insulin secretion, which lowers glucose E) Fiziksel muayeneler açıklayıcı olmadığında, uyku
E) given that a large intake of caffeine is required to apnesi sendromları hariç, uyku bozukluklarının
lower the risk of type 2 diabetes genelinin teşhisi her zaman tıbbi ve psikolojik
geçmişe bakılmasını gerektirir.

6
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

44. Whether you practise in the morning or the 46. Studies show that one sense can satisfy another,
evening, yoga can relieve tension and stress by so if you smell a food for long enough, you will lose
providing you get the rest you need. the urge to eat it.
A) İhtiyacınız olan dinlenmeyi sağlayan yoga, sabah A) Bir duyunun diğerini tatmin edebileceğini gösteren
da olsa akşam da olsa gerginlik ve stresi azaltır. araştırmalar, bir yiyeceği yeterince uzun süre
B) Gerginlik ve stresi azaltan yoga, gerek sabah koklarsanız onu yeme isteğinizi kaybedeceğinizi
gerekse akşam yapıldığında, ihtiyacınız olan ortaya koymaktadır.
dinlenmeyi sağlayabilir. B) Araştırmalara göre, bir yiyeceği yeterince uzun
C) Yoga, ister sabah ister akşam yapılsın, ihtiyacınız süre koklarsanız onu yeme isteğini kaybedersiniz
çünkü bir duyu diğerini tatmin edebilir.
olan dinlenmeyi sağlamakla kalmayıp aynı zamanda
C) Bir yiyeceği yeterince uzun süre koklamanız
gerginlik ve stresi azaltabilir.
halinde onu yeme isteğinizin ortadan kalktığını
D) İster sabah ister akşam yapın, yoga, ihtiyacınız
gösteren araştırmalara göre bir duyu diğerini tatmin
olan dinlenmeyi sağlayarak gerginlik ve stresi
edebilmektedir.
azaltabilir.
D) Araştırmalar, bir duyunun diğerini tatmin
E) İster sabah ister akşam yapın, yoga gerginlik ve edebileceğini göstermektedir, bu nedenle bir yiyeceği
stresi azaltmakla kalmaz ihtiyacınız olan dinlenmeyi yeterince uzun süre koklarsanız onu yeme isteğin izi
de sağlar. kaybedersiniz.
E) Bir duyu diğerini tatmin edebildiği için araştırmalar,
bir yiyeceği yeterince uzun süre koklarsanız onu yeme
isteğinizi kaybedeceğinizi göstermektedir.

45. Those with a chronic condition should 47. That you only need sunscreen when outdoors is
definitely avoid detox diets, as they can interfere a misconception because UVA rays can penetrate
with medications and may cause dehydration, through window glass and light clothing, and cause
mineral deficiencies, or muscle loss. sunburn.
A) Kronik rahatsızlığı olanlar tarafından kesinlikle A) UVA ışınları, pencere camından ve ince
kaçınılması gereken detoks diyetleri, alınan ilaçlarla kıyafetlerden içeri sızarak güneş yanığına neden
etkileşime girerek su kaybı, mineral eksikliği ya da olmaktadır, bu nedenle sadece dışarıda olduğunuzda
kas kaybına yol açabilmektedir. güneş kremine ihtiyacınız olduğu gerçeği yanlış bir
B) Kronik rahatsızlığı olanlar, alınan ilaçlarla kanıdır.
etkileşime giren detoks diyetlerinden kesinlikle B) Sadece dışarıda olduğunuzda güneş kremine
ihtiyacınız olduğu yanlış bir kanıdır çünkü pencere
kaçınmalıdır çünkü bunlar su kaybı, mineral eksikliği
camından ve ince kıyafetlerden içeri sızabilen UVA
ya da kas kaybına yol açabilmektedir.
ışınları, güneş yanığına yol açmaktadır.
C) Kronik rahatsızlığı olanlar, su kaybı, mineral
C) Sadece dışarıda güneş kremine ihtiyacınız olduğu
eksikliği ya da kas kaybına yol açan detoks
yanlış bir kanıdır çünkü güneş yanığına yol açan UVA
diyetlerinden kesinlikle kaçınmalıdır çünkü bunlar
ışınları pencere camından ve ince kıyafetlerden içeri
alınan ilaçlarla etkileşime girmektedir. sızabilmektedir.
D) Alınan ilaçlarla etkileşime giren detoks diyetleri, D) Sadece dışarıda olduğunuzda güneş kremine
su kaybı, mineral eksikliği ya da kas kaybına yol ihtiyacınız olduğu yanlış bir kanıdır çünkü UVA ışınları
açabilir ve kronik rahatsızlığı olanlar bunlardan pencere camından ve ince kıyafetlerden içeri
kesinlikle kaçınmalıdır. sızabilmekte ve güneş yanığına neden olmaktadır.
E) Kronik rahatsızlığı olanlar detoks diyetlerinden E) UVA ışınları pencere camından ve ince
kesinlikle kaçınmalıdır çünkü bunlar alınan ilaçlarla kıyafetlerden içeri sızabildiği için sadece dışardayken
etkileşime girebilmekte ve su kaybı, mineral eksikliği güneş kremine ihtiyaç duyduğunuz gerçeği yanlış bir
ya da kas kaybına yol açabilmektedir. kanıdır çünkü bu ışınlar güneş yanığına sebep
olmaktadır.

7
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

48. Bireyler, reçetesiz alınan ilaçlara başlamadan 50. Hipertansiyon dâhil birçok sebebi olan kalp
önce, diğer ilaçlarla pek çok olası etkileşiminde yetmezliğinin hem eski hem de yeni tedavi
dolayı bir doktora veya eczacıya danışmalıdır. yöntemleriyle önlenmesi yoğun çaba ve konuyla
A) Individuals should consult with a doctor or ilgili yeni araştırmalar gerektirmektedir.
pharmacist before they decide to take medications A) Heart failure has several causes such as
they have bought over the counter since these hypertension, and its prevention through old and
drugs have the potential to have many interactions new remedies requires a great deal of effort and
with other drugs. relevant new research.
B) Because drugs have the potential of many B) The prevention of heart failure, which has many
causes including hypertension, through old and new
interactions with other drugs, individuals who
remedies, requires a great deal of effort and
consider taking drugs bought over the counter
relevant new research.
should consult with a physician or a pharmacist
C) The prevention of heart failure through old and
first.
new remedies requires a great deal of effort and
C) Due to many possible interactions with other
relevant new research into its various causes like
drugs, individuals should consult with a physician or hypertension.
pharmacist prior to starting any new medications D) To prevent heart failure through old and new
bought over the counter. remedies, there is a need for a great deal of effort
D) Individuals ought to consult with a doctor or a and relevant new research, given that it has so
pharmacist if they are considering taking certain many causes, including hypertension.
over‐the‐counter drugs in case these drugs have the E) Heart failure, which has several causes including
potential to interact with other drugs. hypertension, could be prevented through old and
E) Because of the likelihood of many interactions with new remedies if relevant new research is done with
other drugs, individuals who are planning to take a great deal of effort.
certain over‐the‐counter drugs ought to consult with
a physician or pharmacist before doing so. 51. Kasları geliştirmek için ağırlık çalışmaları ile
birlikte insülin hormonu kullanan atletler fazla
insülinin son derece zararlı olabileceği gerçeğini
49. Bir depresyon çeşidi olan bipolar bozukluk bilmiyor olabilir.
muhtemelen, beyindeki genetik miras olması A) Athletes use the hormone insulin to develop
mümkün bir kimyasal dengesizlikten muscles, but they probably do not realise how
kaynaklanmaktadır. harmful excess insulin can be for the body.
B) In order to develop muscles, athletes use the
A) Bipolar disorder, which is a form of depression,
hormone insulin together with their muscle training
stems from the imbalance of certain chemicals in
without knowing the fact that excess insulin can be
the brain and is probably a genetic inheritance.
extremely harmful.
B) Bipolar disorder, a form of depression, is
C) Athletes who use the hormone insulin in
probably caused by an imbalance in brain
conjunction with their weight training so that they
chemicals, which is genetically inherited. can develop muscles may not be able to see how
C) Bipolar disorder, which is likely to be a genetic harmful insulin can be if it is in excess.
inheritance and a form of depression, probably D) To develop muscles, some athletes use the
results from a chemical imbalance in the brain. hormone insulin along with their weight training
D) Bipolar disorder, a form of depression, most routine, but they do not realise the fact that too
likely stems from a genetic inheritance that leads to much insulin may cause health problems.
a chemical imbalance in the brain. E) Athletes who use the hormone insulin in
E) Bipolar disorder, a form of depression, is conjunction with their weight training to develop
probably caused by a chemical imbalance in the muscles may not know the fact that excess insulin
brain that is likely to be a genetic inheritance. can be extremely harmful.

8
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

52. Bağırsak florasını değiştirme ve bebekteki 54. Hypertension has a major hereditary or genetic
enfeksiyonu gizleme risklerinden dolayı, component. This means there are hypertensive‐
antibiyotik kullanırken emzirme genellikle prone individuals. ‐‐‐‐ In fact, there is increasing
önerilmez. evidence that hypertension may be significantly
A) Breastfeeding is not recommended while taking delayed in onset or even prevented by appropriate
antibiotics as it generally causes changes in control of the environment, diet, lifestyle and
intestinal flora and masking an infection in the exercise. Due to the development of hypertension
infant. with age, lifestyle changes will delay the
B) Breastfeeding while taking antibiotics is generally development of elevated arterial pressure from
not recommended because of the risks of altering occurring.
the intestinal flora and of masking an infection in A) Today, all physicians and health care
the infant. professionals are urged to identify potential
C) Because taking antibiotics generally alter the hypertensive individuals through family histories.
intestinal flora and mask an infection in the infant, B) However, since there is also a strong effect of
breastfeeding is a risk and not recommended. environment, it is not clear whether all
D) Infant's intestinal flora is generally altered and an hypertensive‐prone individuals will eventually
infection in the infant is masked as a result of the become hypertensive.
risk caused by breastfeeding while taking C) Conversely, altered hormonal secretions may be
antibiotics. coupled to the rate of onset and progression of
E) Generally speaking, taking antibiotics while arterial hypertension.
breastfeeding is not recommended as it might alter D) Therefore, it is clear that hypertension is a
the intestinal flora and mask the infection in the multigene disorder with strong contributions from
infant. environmental factors on disease development.
E) Recently, there has been some evidence to
establish a link between hypertension and the
53. Bir dizi laboratuvar çalışması, düzenli egzersizin endocrine system.
beyinde Alzheimer hastalığını engelleyen
maddelerin üretilmesini tetiklediğine işaret ediyor. 55. We usually have two kidneys, but it is not
A) A series of lab experiments suggest that regular essential to have both. In fact, about one in 1000
exercise prevents Alzheimer's disease by people is born with only one kidney and leads a
stimulating the production of substances in the long, healthy life. Also, many people choose to
brain that inhibit the disease. give a kidney to someone in need. ‐‐‐‐ But people
B) As a series of lab experiments show, if done who have one kidney are at a higher risk of
regularly, exercise stimulates the production of hypertension and kidney disease later in life, so it
substances in the brain that inhibit Alzheimer's is important for them to have regular check‐ups.
disease. A) A urinary tract infection could make its way up to
C) Regular exercise can trigger the production of the kidneys and raise your risk for kidney disease.
substances in the brain that prevent Alzheimer's B) In that case, the newly solo kidney will develop
disease, as shown by a number of lab experiments. bigger filters to take on the larger load.
D) A series of lab experiments suggest that regular C) Drinking plenty of water helps flush out excess
exercise stimulates the production of substances in minerals that can ball up and create kidney stones.
the brain that prevent Alzheimer's disease. D) Every year after your 30th birthday, your kidneys
E) Several lab experiments reveal that doing lose a little bit of their filtering power.
exercise regularly can prevent Alzheimer's disease E) When kidneys are unable to filter your blood or
since it triggers the production of substances in the fail to properly produce hormones, blood pressure
brain that inhibit the disease. can rise.

9
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

56. Plant‐based diets have become fashionable in 58. To help keep a child from becoming a bully, it is
recent years. The number of vegans in the UK has important to be a role model for nonviolent
quadrupled between 2014 and 2019, with benefits behaviour. Parents should also clearly
for our health, as well as for animal welfare and communicate to the child that bullying behaviour
the environment. Veganism is good news for other is not acceptable, and clear limits should be
animals and for the environment. ‐‐‐‐ Although established for acceptable behaviour and
some studies show that plant‐based diets appear consequences for ignoring the limits should be
to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease, this defined. ‐‐‐‐ If the child insists on bullying
does not increase the lifespan of vegans compared behaviour or if the parent(s) suspect that their
to non‐vegans. child is a bully, additional help can be sought from
A) The food industry has started to be influenced by mental health professionals and school
the popularity of veganism. counsellors.
B) Needless to say, in terms of health benefits, the A) It is most often theorised that bullying is a result
science is not so clear. of the bully copying the actions of role models who
C) But vegans tend to suffer from reduced levels of bully others.
vitamin B12 and iron. B) A child with a dominant personality and who is
D) There are many compelling reasons to lower more impulsive and active is more prone to become
your intake of meat and dairy. a bully.
E) Children who are brought up as vegan have low C) Teaching good social skills can help potential
levels of certain key nutrients. bullies learn alternative, socially acceptable
behaviours.
D) There is no evidence to support the theory that
there is a genetic component to bullying behaviour.
E) Bullying behaviour may be accompanied by other
57. The placenta, which derives half of its genes inappropriate behaviour, including criminal,
from the father, is inherently foreign to the delinquent, or gang behaviour.
mother. This foreignness raises the question of
how the placenta escapes rejection by 59. Uncooked dough can lead to, of all things,
immunological processes that would otherwise alcohol poisoning in pets. ‐‐‐‐ Process can continue
recognise and destroy such an invader, as in the in the warm, damp stomachs of dogs and cats. This
case of conventional organ transplant. ‐‐‐‐ It is also can turn into gastric dilatation‐volvulus (GDV), or
clear that local processes that operate within the twisted stomach, causing vomiting, excessive
uterus also play a part. drooling, and even death. You should call your vet
A) It also actively promotes the invasive growth of immediately if your pet has consumed raw dough
foetal tissues by sending enough blood to it. or anything containing alcohol.
B) Researchers now know that changes in a A) Some veterinarians believe calorie‐free
mother's immune system help her 'tolerate' the sweeteners might also make your pet crave more
placenta. sweets.
C) Researchers have discovered that a type of B) That is because yeast in dough produces carbon
leukocyte called a natural killer cell is abundant on dioxide and ethanol as it ferments.
the uterine side. C) Even in small quantities, raisins and currants, and
D) The placenta competes with time to become grapes can cause kidney failure.
fully functional in early pregnancy. D) Symptoms of this problem may include vomiting,
E) The placenta develops quickly because it has to weakness, and dehydration.
do the jobs of other developing organs until they E) Not only dogs, but also cats and other pets
become fully functional. should not be fed uncooked dough.

10
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

60. (I) Cities concentrate people, opportunities, and 63. (I) Small kidney stones pass into the bladder
services, including those for health. (II) In a well‐ without causing any pain or symptoms. (II) The
known trend, cities house the most and the best main function of the kidneys is to remove excess
hospitals and they attract the most talented fluid and wastes from your blood in the form of
doctors, nurses and other health care staff. (III) In a urine. (III) However, in some cases, these stones
few years, an estimated six out of every ten people can be large and cause excruciating pain and
will be living in cities. (IV) But cities also concentrate bleeding in the urine, and even permanent damage.
risks and hazards for health. (V) When large (IV) Fortunately, there are a number of medical
numbers of people are connected by shared interventions and natural products that can help
services, the consequences of adverse events – like eliminate kidney stones. (V) Some lifestyle
high levels of air or noise pollution, a disease measures can also be undertaken to prevent them
outbreak or a natural disaster‐ are vastly amplified. from occurring.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) The glycaemic index (GI) is a scale that 64. (I) Pain that does not go away when the
measures how quickly carbohydrates are broken underlying cause improves becomes chronic pain,
down into sugar. (II) Simple carbohydrates and or maldynia. (II) Acute pain is the one that arises
refined starches are broken down quickly and thus suddenly and is often intense or severe in its
they have a high GI, but the foods that are broken quality. (III) It signals injury to the body resulting
down slowly, such as most vegetables, fruits, and from trauma, surgery, or disease process that
unprocessed grains, have a low GI. (III) Numerous damages tissue. (IV) Acute pain is short lived ‐
studies have linked high‐GI diets to obesity, insulin typically less than one month. (V) This type of pain
resistance, type 2 diabetes, and increased risk of goes away when the condition causing it improves.
heart disease. (IV) Food companies come up with A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
new recipes for processed foods every day and
people continue to consume those foods although
they are well aware of the risks. (V) Eating high‐GI
foods can lead to blood sugar imbalances that may
result in fatigue, increased appetite, and food
cravings; therefore, it is best to minimise high‐GI
foods and maximise your intake of low‐GI foods.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) Burns are characterised by degree, based on 65. (I) In an astonishing breakthrough, scientists
the severity of the tissue damage. (II) Burn have printed the world's first 3D heart. (II) It was
treatment consists of relieving pain, preventing made using an incredible medical printer, which can
infection, and maintaining body fluids, electrolytes, make copies of human tissue and blood vessels. (III)
and calorie intake while the body heals. (III) A first‐ In the future, this could save the lives of people
degree burn causes redness and swelling in the with serious heart problems by allowing them
outermost layers of skin. (IV) A second‐degree burn access to a heart transplant without waiting for the
involves redness, swelling and blistering, and the right donor. (IV) These 3D hearts would be made
damage may extend beneath the epidermis to from the patients' own cells, so there would be no
deeper layers of skin. (V) A third‐degree burn, also problems of organ rejection. (V) The importance of
called a full‐thickness burn, destroys the entire organ donation must be underlined by the
depth of skin, causing significant scarring on the government at every chance.
underlying fat, muscle, or bone. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

11
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

In 2013, a comprehensive review of the extensive 67. It can be understood from the passage that the
research on the relationship between sugar and World Health Organization ‐‐‐‐.
obesity was commissioned by the World Health A) aims to reduce the daily consumption of sugar by
Organization (WHO). The results were compelling: a informing people
reduced sugar intake was associated with an B) suggests that people should daily consume nine
average 0.8kg loss in weight, while an increased teaspoons of sugar
intake was associated with a corresponding 0.75kg C) indicates that soft drinks may be seen as part of a
gain. The reviews strengthened the link between healthy diet
intake of dietary sugars and obesity, and therefore D) illustrates the reasons for high consumption of
a higher risk of chronic diseases. As a result, the artificial sweeteners
WHO reduced its recommendation on sugar intake E) tries to show the reasons and results of chronic
from a daily limit of 10 percent of calorie intake to 5 diseases
percent ‐ that is around six teaspoons a day for the
average adult. As part of a healthy diet, this amount
of added sugar is not a health threat, but you need
to be cautious as even an average can of
carbonated soft drinks ‐ identified by many studies
as the worst source of 'empty calories' ‐ contains
nine teaspoons, which is higher than the limit.
Unfortunately, research has suggested that
alternatives like artificial sweeteners actually make
us eat more. They do not deliver a second
dopamine 'hit' from glucose absorption in the
stomach, keeping us hungry.

66. The passage is mainly about ‐‐‐‐. 68. It is clear from the passage that ‐‐‐‐.
A) the reasons for high calorie intake and feeling A) an average can of soft drinks contains more
hungry sugar than the WHO's recommendation on daily
B) the efforts of the WHO to reduce sugar intake sugar intake
C) the measures taken by the WHO to consume B) soft drinks accepted as 'empty calories' are seen
fewer sweeteners as part of a healthy diet by the World Health
D) a variety of health problems associated with Organization
sugar consumption C) consuming six teaspoons of sugar a day is not
E) the connection between obesity and sugar intake seen as a risk for an adult who has a chronic disease
D) the results of the research provide detailed
information about how to consume fewer
sweeteners
E) the consumption of a high quantity of soft drinks
is the main reason for chronic diseases and obesity

12
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Allergy shots, also called immunotherapy, are a 70. One can understand from the passage that the
form of treatment that reduces a child's allergic child's immune system ‐‐‐‐.
reaction to a particular allergen. Allergy shots can A) is relatively stronger than an adult's in
reduce symptoms of allergic rhinitis, hay fever, and combatting with allergens
allergic asthma. However, allergy shots are less B) develops in time to produce antibodies blocking
effective against moulds and are not a useful the substance causing allergy
method for treating food allergies. Basically, allergy C) is inclined to react intensively even against
shots are a series of injections with a solution weaker allergens
containing the allergens that cause an allergic D) is exposed to a high amount of allergens with the
reaction. Treatment begins with a weak solution first shots in immunotherapy
given once or twice a week. The strength of the E) is trained to produce less amount of antibody
solution gradually increases with each dose. The thanks to immunotherapy
incremental increases of the allergen cause the
child's immune system to become less sensitive to
the substance by producing a 'blocking' antibody.
Once the strongest dose is reached, the child's
sensitivity has decreased, and the injections are
given monthly to control allergic symptoms. Allergy
shots are not recommended for food allergies.
However, if these allergies are left untreated,
infants and children may be more likely to develop
chronic allergies, asthma, and respiratory infections
later in life, making immunotherapy unlikely to
work.

69. It can be understood from the passage that 71. According to the passage, food allergies ‐‐‐‐.
allergy shots ‐‐‐‐. A) should be addressed in order for immunotherapy
A) are commonly preferred for toddlers and babies to be effective
B) are ineffective for certain allergens like moulds B) cause fewer allergic conditions when children
C) work to alleviate certain allergic conditions have an early immunotherapy
D) result in an instant relief from allergic reactions C) could lead to allergic conditions which can be
E) are applied in fixed doses for adults but not treated easily and effectively
children D) are identified as the primary cause for serious
respiratory infections
E) are among the most prevalent allergies that may
lead to chronic forms

13
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

We already know that repeated knocks to the head, 73. Who were the participants of the study
like those sustained in boxing and American mentioned in the passage?
football, can cause cognitive decline years later. A) Former athletes with a single major head injury
This condition, known as chronic traumatic B) Those who have had repeated head injuries over
encephalopathy (CTE), is associated with gradual a few years
build‐up of a protein called tau in the brain. A C) Those who were diagnosed with CTE many years
research team wondered if similar changes can ago
occur after just one severe head injury and lead to D) Former athletes with varying levels of tau in
progressive brain deterioration. They scanned the outer layers of their brains
brains of 21 patients, including both men and E) Those who suffered a single severe head injury in
women, who had a single major head injury 18 to the past
51 years ago, mostly as a result of car accidents.
They all experienced severe initial symptoms like
loss of consciousness for more than 30 minutes.
Many later experienced progressive brain
deterioration and developed problems with
thinking, memory and motivation. The scans
showed that 15 of them have unusually high levels
of tau in their brains, particularly in the outer layers.
That may be because outer layers are more
vulnerable to external impacts than inner layers.
High levels of tau have also been found in the outer
brain layers of former athletes with CTE, particularly
in those who have had the most head blows. The
team reports that this is consistent with the idea
that long‐term cognitive decline can result from
either several relatively minor brain injuries or from 74. Which of the following can be concluded based
a single severe one. on the study?
A) The outer layers of the brain are severely
affected by head injuries, and it is the same case in
its inner layers.
B) High levels of tau protein can be a result of
repeated head injuries, but not of a single severe
72. What was the aim of the study conducted by injury.
the research team? C) Those who suffered a severe brain injury many
A) To make certain that repeated brain injuries years ago may later exhibit abnormally abundant
cause progressive brain deterioration tau protein, which can be held accountable for
B) To spot the differences between men and brain deterioration.
women in terms of tau production in their brains D) Former athletes who had repeated head injuries
C) To detect specific brain layers where the protein are more likely to suffer from cognitive problems
tau is particularly found than patients who had a single head injury decades
D) To find out if a single severe head injury can earlier.
trigger long‐term cognitive decline E) The level of tau protein and where it is generally
E) To clearly describe the initial and chronic accumulated in the brain changes from patient to
symptoms of CTE patient.

14
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Cauliflower ear is a casual and descriptive term for 76. According to the passage, cartilage tissue ‐‐‐‐.
an external ear damaged and deformed through A) can be fully reshaped if it dies thanks to
trauma. It is commonly associated with repeated developed surgery
injury, such as those that occur with boxing. B) needs nutrients from a blood supply to stay alive
However, even a single blow to the ear significant C) dies only after it is repeatedly infected after an
enough to cause bleeding can result in deformity as external trauma
the cartilaginous structure of the external ear heals. D) firstly gets infected when an external trauma
Cartilage has no blood supply of its own but instead takes place
draws nutrients from the blood supply of the skin. E) is the most sensitive part of the ear compared to
Any damage that disrupts blood flow ‐ for instance, internal parts
an injury that causes bleeding ‐ causes cartilage
tissue to die. Where cartilage dies, the structure it
supports shrinks as the skin around it heals, forming
the characteristic irregularities of cauliflower ear.
Immediate treatment of any injury to the external
ear to minimise the interruption of blood flow and
control any possible infection helps prevent
deformity. Ear piercings in the upper ear that
become repeatedly infected or cause scarring also
can result in cauliflower ear. Surgery to reform the
appearance of the auricle can improve the auricle's
appearance though may not be able to restore it to
its natural structure. A key preventive measure is
wearing appropriate headgear during activities that
expose the outer ears to the risk of traumatic injury.

75. It is clearly stated in the passage that 77. The passage mainly focuses on ‐‐‐‐.
cauliflower ear ‐‐‐‐. A) possible treatment options for cauliflower ear
A) not only spoils the shape of the ear but also B) reasons to take care of our external ear
causes deafness C) preventive measures to avoid cauliflower ear
B) is only seen on the ears of people who regularly D) people who are prone to cauliflower ear
practice boxing E) how cauliflower ear manifests itself
C) leads to the deformed ear becoming scarred
D) can also be a result of a sudden action taking
place just once
E) can be completely cured if only it is treated
immediately

15
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

According to the World Health Organization, adult 79. The writer gives the example of corn to say how
males should consume 2,500 calories a day, and energy might be stored differently although ‐‐‐‐.
females should consume 2,000. But now some A) the food intake might come from the same
scientists believe any universal recommended daily source
calorie intake is at best misleading, and at worst B) it presents distinctions in people's digestion
harmful. The general misconception is that calories process
are a direct or even remotely precise measurement C) the calorie measurement might not be as
of how fattening a food is. In fact, although we can accurate as expected
accurately measure the calorific value of a meal, the D) the energy gained is not consumed as body fuel
relationship between those calories and individual E) energy value measurement does not make any
bodies is less straightforward. Each of us has a sense
different basal metabolic rate, which can vary up to
25 percent, and we all burn energy in different
ways. We also have to remember that calorie
counts are based on estimates. The idea that we
can precisely measure the energy value of any food
is nonsense, and claiming one dish with 312 calories
is better than one with 329 is laughable. How the
body uses and stores the energy gained from, for
instance, corn on the cob is very different from
cornbread or cornflakes. Yet, the simplistic calorie‐
intake theory treats the energy gained from each
the same.

78. Which of the following is true about food 80. What is the writer's attitude towards the
consumption in different people? calorie‐intake theory?
A) Males are usually more likely to take into A) optimistic
account their metabolic rate in their dietary B) neutral
preferences than females. C) admiring
B) Fattening foods are 25 percent harder to be D) supportive
processed than non‐fattening ones. E) sceptical
C) Its fattening effect depends on how the body
reacts to the food consumed.
D) The WHO avoids making any universal
recommendations about calorie intake.
E) The estimates of calorie counts are more precise
than the calorific value.

16 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Answer Key
1 B 21 E 41 C 61 D
2 D 22 C 42 C 62 B
3 B 23 B 43 A 63 B
4 C 24 B 44 D 64 A
5 C 25 D 45 E 65 E
6 C 26 D 46 D 66 E
7 B 27 B 47 D 67 A
8 C 28 E 48 C 68 A
9 C 29 A 49 E 69 C
10 B 30 B 50 B 70 B
11 C 31 A 51 E 71 B
12 B 32 C 52 B 72 D
13 C 33 D 53 D 73 E
14 E 34 E 54 B 74 C
15 C 35 D 55 B 75 D
16 A 36 D 56 B 76 B
17 C 37 D 57 B 77 E
18 A 38 B 58 C 78 C
19 B 39 B 59 B 79 A
20 B 40 A 60 C 80 E
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

1. Beginning in the 1970s, a number of highly‐ 5. The Italian scientist Spallanzani was the first to ‐
publicised hazardous waste crises led public health ‐‐‐ the mystery of how bats could see and hunt in
authorities to recognise hazardous wastes as a total darkness with some ingenious experiments.
significant ‐‐‐‐ to the environment. A) extract B) resolve
A) temptation B) objection C) dissolve D) excavate
C) threat D) approach E) magnify
E) investment

2. Like most creatures of wetlands, certain species 6. The term bacterial growth generally ‐‐‐‐ growth
of toads have suffered large population ‐‐‐‐ of a population of bacteria rather than growth of
through losses of their natural habitats. an individual cell.
A) attempts B) opportunities A) comes in B) refers to
C) declines D) habits C) runs into D) splits up
E) productions E) gets through

3. Engineers have long recognised that the 7. Although humans ‐‐‐‐ Mercury from Earth for
movement of tidal currents might be an thousands of years, its close proximity to the Sun ‐‐‐‐
environmentally safe and ‐‐‐‐ source of power for it difficult for astronomers to learn much about the
human use. planet.
A) challenging B) efficient A) will observe / made
C) devastating D) vulnerable B) are observing / makes
E) irregular C) had observed / was making
D) have been observing / has made
E) were observing / had made

4. When Venus passed in front of the Sun in 1769, 8. In 1957, the Soviet Union ‐‐‐‐ the first man‐made
astronomers were able to measure the distance object in orbit around the Earth, and since then,
from Earth to the Sun ‐‐‐‐ for the first time. numerous launch vehicles ‐‐‐‐ to improve the
A) deliberately B) coherently reliability and cost of placing objects in orbit.
C) urgently D) accurately A) has placed / had been developed
E) slightly B) had been placing / are developed
C) placed / have been developed
D) had placed / are being developed
E) was placing / were developed

1
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

9. Because technology should not be confused ‐‐‐‐ 13. DNA has emerged as a potential way to store
science, philosophy of technology should be digital information in recent years, ‐‐‐‐ it comes
separated ‐‐‐‐ philosophy of science. with a significant problem: the molecule is so
A) over / into B) with / from fragile that individual DNA strands rapidly
C) for / about D) against / among degrade.
E) on / without A) likewise B) for instance
C) on the contrary D) yet
E) furthermore

10. In the United States, thunderstorms usually 14. ‐‐‐‐ climate change intensifies, architects,
occur ‐‐‐‐ summer months, when large amounts of designers and scientists are devising better ways
tropical maritime air move ‐‐‐‐ the country. to deal with almost anything nature throws on our
A) along / for B) at / from way.
C) within / to D) on / through A) Even if B) Although
E) during / across C) As D) By the time
E) Unless

11. The Turing Award, considered the Nobel Prize 15. No single individual can be given complete
in computing, is awarded annually ‐‐‐‐ an credit for the development of radio astronomy; ‐‐‐,
individual who has made a lasting contribution of Karl Jansky has long been considered as one of the
major technical importance ‐‐‐‐ the field of most important pioneers in the field.
computer science. A) moreover B) nevertheless
A) for / at B) with / on C) that is D) as a result
C) from / within D) into / around E) similarly
E) to / in

12. Astronauts in microgravity environments such 16. In simple animals, the brain simply functions
as the International Space Station have to fix like a switchboard passing information to muscles,
themselves into a secured sleeping bag; ‐‐‐‐, they ‐‐‐‐ in more advanced forms, particularly
would just float about. vertebrates, a more analytical brain coordinates
A) eventually B) even so complex behaviours.
C) yet D) furthermore A) unless B) so long as
E) otherwise C) so that D) whereas
E) now that

2
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

17. Acetone is produced in many parts of the The Sun is a changeable star, sometimes calm and
world in great quantities ‐‐‐ its importance as a peaceful sometimes erupting with great violence.
solvent and as a starting material for several These changes [21]‐‐‐‐ a clear pattern with a cyclical
chemical processes. rise and fall of solar activity every 11 years or so.
A) except for B) in case of For the last four centuries, scientists have kept
C) due to D) despite records of the Sun's activity. [22]‐‐‐‐ the early 19th
E) such as century, German astronomer Samuel Heinrich
Schwabe spent 17 years trying to spot a planet that
he believed existed closer to the Sun than Mercury.
He failed to see the silhouette of a new planet
against the Sun; [23]‐‐‐‐, he did keep accurate
records of sunspots. [24]‐‐‐‐ his observations, he
18. ‐‐‐‐ the apparent impossibility of answering all noticed that the number of sunspots varied in a
philosophical questions through science, quite a regular way, and the idea of the solar cycle was
few contemporary philosophers do believe that born. Today's orbiting and ground‐based solar
science is the only legitimate path to knowledge. telescopes constantly [25]‐‐‐‐ the Sun, revealing
A) By means of B) On behalf of further details of this recurring pattern.
C) In comparison to D) Despite
E) For the sake of 21.
A) followed B) follow
C) were followed D) are going to follow
E) will follow

19. The famous astronomer Carl Sagan was ‐‐‐‐ 22.

interested in whether life exists elsewhere, ‐‐‐‐ in A) Above B) For
whether intelligent beings might exist. C) During D) Over
A) not only / but also E) Among
B) as / to
C) so / that
D) the more / the more 23.
E) no sooner / than A) similarly B) however
C) for example D) once
E) only when

24.
20. Metabolism refers to all the chemical reactions A) In terms of B) In place of
in cells ‐‐‐‐ fats, carbohydrates and other C) For the sake of D) On behalf of
compounds are broken down to produce energy. E) With the help of
A) by which B) that
C) when D) what
E) to whom 25.
A) avoid B) deteriorate
C) alter D) examine
E) sustain

3
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Beginning in the 1960s scientists noticed that many 31. Fossil fuels, which is a major source of
of the trees of Central Europe were dying. In pollution, cannot be replaced when their limited
particular, in the Black Forest, [26]‐‐‐‐ in supplies are used up, ‐‐‐‐.
Southwestern Germany, a large number of trees A) while renewable energy sources will not run out
showed signs of weakening and dying. The first and produce little pollution
trees to be struck with the [27]‐‐‐‐ were the pines, B) as long as the sun shines, winds blow, waves
followed by deciduous trees, the one that lose their crash and rivers flow
leaves each year. By 1990, many trees dried out and C) though coal, oil, and gas are the most important
died, [28]‐‐‐‐ others dropped leaves or became fossil fuels
discoloured. The problem was eventually attributed D) so that the wind can be used to spin turbines to
to acid deposition in the forest. Although several generate electricity
types of remediation techniques, [29]‐‐‐‐ replanting E) if windmills have been used to power machines
trees, were tried, none have yet been successful. for many centuries
Scientists assume that the damage to the soil has
made it so acidic that new trees can no longer grow
in these ancient forests [30]‐‐‐‐ current
circumstances.
32. ‐‐‐, whereas decay of organic material releases
26. it back to the atmosphere.
A) locating B) located A) Soil bacteria and other biological agents remove
C) locate D) to be located nitrogen from the atmosphere
E) to have been located B) Water vapour is known to be an extremely
important gas in the atmosphere
C) The upper parts of the atmosphere contain a
27. large number of ions
A) separation B) demonstration D) Nitrous oxide is being produced at an
C) examination D) condition unprecedented rate due to exhaust fumes
E) distinction E) A chemical difference in the composition of
lighter gases can occur as they rise

28.
A) hence B) so that
C) while D) since
E) if 33. Although the majority of reflexes are innate
responses, ‐‐‐‐.
A) a reflex is known to be a response to a stimulus
29. across multiple systems
A) such as B) according to B) the human body has numerous essential reflexes
C) due to D) as a consequence of like swallowing
E) on behalf of C) others are conditioned into a person as a result
of life experiences
D) the diving response is a breathing reflex
30. triggered by submergence
A) over B) into E) a new‐born's reflexes are primitive ones present
C) from D) under in the first few months of life
E) through

4
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

34. Although one‐humped and two‐humped 37. Contrary to popular belief the Earth's seasons
camels are given separate species names, ‐‐‐‐. are not caused by the varying distance from the
A) both male and female camels have the same Sun ‐‐‐‐.
number of teeth for feeding A) as our planet's tilt causes the intensity of the
B) they originally spread into South America, Asia, sunlight to change over the Earth at different times
and Africa from North America B) so the Earth's orbit has a point at which it is
C) they can interbreed fairly easily and are probably closest to the Sun and another at which it is farthest
varieties of a single species from it
D) the most common camel is known as the one‐ C) but they occur because of the tilt of our planet's
humped Arabian or dromedary camel axis in relation to the plane of the Sun
E) they are central to the survival and culture of the D) although the Earth does not spin around the Sun
nomadic peoples of the old world deserts in a perfect circle but follows an elliptical orbit
E) because when the North Pole is tilted towards
the Sun, it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere

35. Taking regular doses of vitamin C will not 38. The African continent is poor in limestone
protect us from catching a cold; ‐‐‐‐. outcrops in general, ‐‐‐‐.
A) likewise, easing its symptoms is one of the A) yet no remarkable caves have developed due to
functions of the immune system the desert climate
B) consequently, over‐the‐counter drugs treat only B) but its northern zone, Algeria in particular, has
the symptoms of cold abundant sources of it
C) hence, antibiotics such as penicillin are useless C) so these formations are large reservoirs
against the common cold sustaining the base flow of many rivers
D) in short, vitamin C is one of the major D) whereas there is little potential for remarkable
antioxidants helping to heal wounds discoveries in some African countries
E) however, high doses of vitamin C may help to E) for instance, for a long time Morocco had the
alleviate symptoms of cold continent's longest cave networks

36. Even though birds have different structures for 39. ‐‐‐‐, those that occur can be catastrophic
tear production compared to humankind, ‐‐‐‐. events involving a great loss of life.
A) tear production takes more time in humans and A) Although airline accidents occur infrequently
is a more complicated process B) Because recent aviation accident rates are very
B) tears of some species, including owls, contain low
higher levels of protein C) If bad weather alone does not cause an accident
C) some components of their tears are present at D) As the reasons for approach and landing
similar concentrations found in humans accidents vary
D) maintaining eye health that is necessary for E) Since the first consideration is to assist the
hunting is of great importance for birds injured in case of an accident
E) researchers have enormous difficulty in collecting
tears from certain bird species

5
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

40. The moulds that grow indoors can be of 42. Lack of gravity means that the body does not
particular concern for humans ‐‐‐‐. have to work so hard, so astronauts have to
A) as long as the mould varieties used in cheese exercise to stop their muscles from wasting away.
production are sterilised A) Yerçekiminin olmaması vücudun çok sıkı
B) even if the types of mould growing on food are çalışmasının gerekmediği anlamına gelir, bu yüzden
believed to cause cancer kaslarının güçten düşmesini engellemek isteyen
C) unless some of the products of mould astronotlar egzersiz yapmak zorunda kalırlar.
metabolism have great importance B) Yerçekiminin olmaması vücudun çok sıkı çalışmak
D) even though almost all sorts of mould require a zorunda olmaması anlamına gelir, bu yüzden
moist surface for growth astronotlar kaslarının güçten düşmesini engellemek
E) because they can cause allergic reactions in those için egzersiz yapmak zorundadır.
who are sensitive C) Yerçekiminin olmaması sebebiyle vücudun çok
sıkı çalışması gerekmez, bu da astronotların
kaslarının güçten düşmesini engellemeleri için
egzersiz yapmalarını gerektirir.
D) Yer çekimi olmaması nedeniyle vücutları çok sıkı
çalışmak zorunda olmayan astronotlar egzersiz
yaparak kaslarının güçten düşmesini engellemeye
çalışırlar.
E) Yerçekimi olmaması vücudun çok sıkı çalışmak
zorunda olmaması anlamına geldiği için, astronotlar
kaslarını güçten düşürmemek için egzersiz yapmak
zorunda kalırlar.

41. Atmospheric chemistry is a very complex 43. Wood becomes petrified through the process of
science, ‐‐‐‐. dissolution and change, which occurs when water
A) as the composition of the atmosphere is in that contains dissolved minerals permeates it.
constant instability A) Çözünme ve değişim işleminden geçen ve erimiş
B) yet much of what happens have been mineraller içeren su, odunun içine nüfuz ederek onu
understood very little taşlaştırır.
C) but radiation from space interacts with the B) Çözülme ve değişim süreci sonucunda odunun
atmosphere taşlaşması, erimiş mineraller içeren suyun odunun
D) though millions of different industrial chemicals içine nüfuz etmesine bağlıdır.
enter the atmosphere daily C) Erimiş mineraller içeren su, taşlaşan oduna nüfuz
E) even if gases and chemicals in the atmosphere ederek odundaki çözülme ve değişim süreçlerini
interact with each other tetikler.
D) Oduna nüfuz eden su erimiş mineraller içeriyorsa
çözülme ve değişim süreci sonunda odun taşlaşır.
E) Odun, erimiş mineraller içeren su içine nüfuz
ettiğinde gerçekleşen çözülme ve değişim yoluyla
taşlaşır.

6
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

44. Humans have developed many hybrid flower 46. Concerned about the ever‐rising price of
species, one of the classic cases of which is the petroleum products as well as the greenhouse
Kew primrose, developed in the famous English effect, many firms are trying to develop their own
botanical garden. energy supply with an earth‐friendly nature.
A) İnsanlar, birçok melez çiçek türü geliştirmeyi A) Birçok şirket sera etkisiyle birlikte artan petrol
başarmıştır ve buna klasik bir örnek olarak ünlü bir ürünlerinin fiyatlarından endişe ettiğinden doğa
İngiliz botanik bahçesinde geliştirilen Kew dostu bir özelliğe sahip kendi enerji şebekelerini
çuhaçiçeği verilebilir. geliştirmeyi amaçlıyor.
B) İnsanlar, birçok melez çiçek türü geliştirmiştir ki B) Sera etkisinden ziyade sürekli artan petrol
bunun klasik örneklerinden biri, ünlü İngiliz botanik fiyatından endişe duyan birçok şirket doğa dostu
bahçesinde geliştirilen Kew çuhaçiçeğidir. türde özel enerji şebekesi geliştirmeye çalışıyor.
C) Birçok melez çiçek türü insanlar tarafından C) Sera etkisinin yanı sıra petrol ürünlerinin
geliştirilmiştir ve bunun en klasik örneği İngiltere'nin durmadan artan fiyatından endişe duyan birçok
ünlü botanik bahçesinde yetiştirilen Kew şirket doğa dostu özelliği olan kendilerine ait bir
çuhaçiçeğidir. enerji şebekesi geliştirmeyi çalışıyor.
D) Kew çuhaçiçeği, ünlü İngiliz botanik bahçesinde D) Sera etkisi ve sürekli yükselen petrol ürünlerinin
insanların geliştirdiği bir melez çiçek türüdür ve melez fiyatları da birçok şirketi doğa dostu ve kendilerine
çiçek türlerinin klasikleri arasında yer almaktadır. ait enerji şebekesi geliştirmeye yönlendiriyor.
E) İnsanlar, birçok melez çiçek türü geliştirmiş E) Birçok şirket sera etkisinden ziyade petrol
olabilir, ama bunlar içinde en klasik olan ünlü İngiliz ürünlerinin sürekli artan fiyatları hakkında endişeli
botanik bahçesinde geliştirilen Kew çuhaçiçeğidir. olduğu için doğa dostu özelliği bulunan özel enerji
şebekesi geliştiriyorlar.

45. Several studies attempt to determine whether 47. Technologists have long been designing
naturally occurring soil acidification is formed as a computers being woven into our daily life,
result of acid rain and atmospheric conditions embedded in clothes and personal accessories.
associated with it. A) Teknoloji uzmanlarının uzun zamandır giysilere
A) Toprak asitlenmesi üzerine yapılan birçok ve kişisel aksesuarlara yerleştirilen bilgisayarları
araştırma asit yağmurunun ve buna bağlı hava tasarlamalarının sebebi bunları günlük hayatımıza
koşullarının, bu asitlenmenin doğal bir sonucu dâhil etmektir.
olduğunu ispat etmeye çalışmaktadır. B) Giysi ve kişisel aksesuarlara yerleştirilmiş şekilde
B) Birçok araştırma, doğal olarak meydana gelen günlük hayatımıza dâhil edilen bilgisayarlar,
toprak asitlenmesinin asit yağmuru ve buna bağlı teknoloji uzmanları tarafından uzun zamandır
hava koşulları sonucunda oluşup oluşmadığını tasarlanmaktadır.
saptamaya çalışmaktadır. C) Teknoloji uzmanları, uzun zamandır giysilere ve
C) Asit yağmurunun ve buna bağlı hava koşullarının, kişisel aksesuarlara yerleştirilmiş şekilde günlük
toprak asitlenmesinin doğal bir sonucu olduğu yaşantımıza dâhil edilen bilgisayarlar
birçok araştırma tarafından ortaya konmuştur. tasarlamaktadır.
D) Birçok araştırmada, asit yağmurunun ve bununla D) Teknoloji uzmanları tarafından uzun zamandır
bağlantılı çeşitli hava koşullarının, doğal olarak günlük yaşantımıza dâhil edilen bilgisayarlar,
meydana gelen toprak asitlenmesinin sonucu giysilere ve kişisel aksesuarlara yerleştirilebilecek
olduğu belirtilmiştir. şekilde tasarlanmaktadır.
E) Asit yağmuru ve diğer hava koşullarının, doğal E) Teknoloji uzmanları uzun zamandır günlük
olarak meydana gelen toprak asitlenmesinin yaşantımıza dâhil edilen bilgisayarlar
neticesinde oluştuğu birçok araştırma tarafından tasarlamaktadır ve bunlar giysilere ve kişisel
saptanmıştır. aksesuarlara yerleştirilebilmektedir.

7
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

48. Canlılar öldüğünde, mantar ve bakteri gibi 50. Bazı araştırmacılar dinozorların neslinin aslında
diğer canlılar onların temel bileşenlerini, ölü tükenmediğine ve birçok özelliği paylaştıkları
dokulardaki karbonu oksijen ya da hidrojene bilinen kuşlar olarak günümüzde hayatta
bağlayarak, yeniden işlemeye başlarlar. kaldıklarına inanmaktadır.
A) Starting recycling of basic ingredients of living A) Some researchers believe that dinosaurs are not
beings that have died requires other living beings
actually extinct, and that they survive today as
including fungi and bacteria to combine the carbon
birds, with which they are known to have shared
in dead tissues to oxygen or hydrogen.
B) In order to start recycling of the basic ingredients many traits.
after a living being dies, other living beings including B) As dinosaurs are known to have shared many of
fungi and bacteria combine the carbon in the dead their traits with birds, some researchers believe
tissues with oxygen or hydrogen. that dinosaurs, today, are not extinct but they have
C) When living beings die, in order for the recycling survived.
of the basic ingredients to start, other living beings, C) Many researchers believe that dinosaurs which
such as fungi and bacteria, combine the carbon in are known to have shared many of their traits with
the dead tissues to oxygen or hydrogen. birds today have been able to survive contrary to
D) When living beings die, fungi, bacteria and other
common perception.
living beings that combine the carbon in the dead
D) It is known that dinosaurs shared some traits
tissues with either oxygen or hydrogen, start
recycling their basic ingredients. with birds; so, many researchers are of the opinion
E) When living beings die, other living beings such that they might be still around us.
as fungi and bacteria start recycling their basic E) It is believed by some researchers that dinosaurs
ingredients by combining the carbon in the dead share many traits with birds existing today and have
tissues with oxygen or hydrogen. not completely died out.

49. Avrupa kökenli insanlar arasında görülen hafif

zararlı mutasyonların sayısı, modern insanların
kıtaya ilk yerleştiği zamandan beri yavaş yavaş
artmaktadır.
A) The number of mildly harmful mutations among
51. İnsan şeklinde mekanik veya yapay modeller
people of European ancestry has been gradually
increasing ever since modern humans first moved olan androidler uzun süredir bilim kurgunun
into the continent. başlıca konularından biridir.
B) People of European ancestry have contributed to A) Androids that are mechanical or artificial models
the increase in the number of mildly harmful are one of the main subjects of science fiction as
mutations ever since modern humans first moved they have long been in the shape of humans.
into the continent. B) Androids that are human‐shaped mechanical or
C) Since people of European ancestry first moved artificial models have long been one of the major
into the continent, mildly harmful mutations have subjects of science fiction.
been gradually increasing in number among
C) Androids that have long been a major subject of
modern humans.
science fiction are mechanical or artificial models
D) The number of modern humans whose European
ancestors first moved into the continent has been shaped like a human.
gradually increasing since the mutations became D) Mechanical or artificial android models that have
mildly harmful. the shape of humans have long been the leading
E) A number of mutations have become mildly subject of science fiction.
harmful for modern humans of European ancestors E) One of the major subjects of science fiction is
since they first moved into the continent, which has androids which have long been human‐shaped
been gradually increasing. mechanical or artificial models.

8
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

52. Modern su boruları ilk su kemerlerinden daha 54. The eyes of starfish are extremely simple, are
geniş ve çok daha uzun olsa da su taşımayı kontrol located at the tip of each arm, and are primarily
eden hidrolik ilkeler hep aynı kalmıştır. light‐sensing dots. ‐‐‐‐ The sense of smell, however,
A) Modern water pipes are much wider and is quite sensitive. Chemoreceptors on the starfish's
significantly longer compared to the first aqueducts skin can detect the faintest smell of its prey, and
but the hydraulic principles in controlling water even determine the direction from which it is
carriage have always been the same. coming. The starfish then sets off to catch its prey,
B) Even though modern water pipes are much wider slowly and deliberately, at the rate of 15.25 cm per
and significantly longer than the first aqueducts, the minute.
hydraulic principles controlling water carriage have A) Starfish belong to the class Asteroidea including
always remained the same. 1500 species inhabiting all the world's oceans.
C) Although the hydraulic principles in controlling B) Starfish come in a rainbow of colours including
water carriage may be the same, the modern water bright red, cobalt blue and yellows.
pipes are much wider and significantly longer than C) Starfish can tell light from dark, but they are
the early aqueducts. unlikely to see much more than that.
D) Modern water pipes, which are much wider and D) The nervous system of starfish consists of three
significantly longer than the first aqueducts, have main networks as oral, deep oral and aboral.
essentially the same hydraulic principles in E) Starfish must convert their food to liquid form
controlling water carriage. because they lack teeth before ingestion.
E) The first aqueducts and the modern water pipes
have the same hydraulic principles in controlling
water carriage but modern ones are much wider
and significantly longer.

53. Yeryüzünde insan etkisi günümüzde o kadar 55. Of all the animals, penguins are the primary
büyük ki yeni bir jeolojik zamana girip girmediğimiz inhabitants of Antarctica. They have oily feathers
bilimdeki temel tartışmalardan biridir. that provide a waterproof coat and a thick layer of
A) A major discussion currently in science is about fat for insulation. ‐‐‐‐ While they prevent penguins
the big human impact on Earth and whether we from flying, they add weight and make it easier for
have entered a new geological time or not. penguins to dive into the water for food. Because
B) We may have entered a new geological time due predators cannot live in the brutally cold climate,
to the great human impact on Earth, but science is penguins do not need to fly; thus, their wings have
still debating whether this is true or not. evolved over the centuries to resemble flippers or
C) Whether we have now entered a new geological paddles.
time after the great human impact on Earth is one A) Female penguins lay eggs on the ice, then walk
of the major debatable topics in science. up to 80 km to open sea for food.
D) Scientists are now discussing whether we have B) Penguins' bones are solid, not hollow like those
entered a new geological time because of the big of most birds that allow them to fly.
impact humans have on Earth. C) Seven of the 18 known species of penguins live in
E) Human impact on Earth is now so large that Antarctica.
whether we have entered a new geological time is D) The penguins travel long distances and hunt at
one of the major debates in science. various levels in the ocean.
E) They are the hardiest of all the animals that
inhabit the Antarctic, staying throughout the year.

9
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

56. Dams have been built since ancient times, and 58. In order to reduce emissions, there is a need to
improvements were made at varying intervals as switch to energy sources that do not emit
engineering technology developed. ‐‐‐‐ In the early greenhouse gases. It is already being done, but the
1900s, concrete dams became thinner, and a new speed must be increased. ‐‐‐‐ American scientists
era of thin arch dams began. Earth and rock‐fill estimate that the rest of the world could do the
embankment dams became economical during and same before 2050. If the world acts quickly, it may
after World War II. In 1980, an innovative method be possible to create a global network during the
of using earth‐moving and compacting equipment second half of the century that will overcome
to place dry concrete greatly improved the climate‐difficulties handling a future in which we
keep on emitting huge quantities of greenhouse
economics of concrete dams.
gases.
A) However, the twentieth century witnessed rapid
A) Scientists have warned that it might already be
advances in dam construction.
too late to fulfil the ambition.
B) They failed to build massive concrete structures
B) Some nations, such as Iceland, Norway, and
for water supply and flood control.
Costa Rica, are close to getting 100 percent of their
C) The construction of a dam may require the energy from green sources.
relocation of existing properties across the land. C) It should be made mandatory to disclose the
D) On the other hand, numerous dams have been energy‐efficiency ratings of all new buildings.
constructed in various countries. D) The natural disasters such as tsunamis will be
E) Water quality is an important component in more frequent due to greenhouse gases.
sustaining a balance in nature. E) In the short run, the emission needs to be
confined to 2.1 tonnes per capita per year.

59. In everyday language, the term 'safety' is often

used to denote absolute safety, that is, certainty
that accidents or other harms will not occur. ‐‐‐‐
57. Insects become endangered because of the Therefore, engineers believe that what can be
same destructive forces faced by many other achieved is relative safety, meaning that it is
animals. The leading causes include habitat unlikely but not impossible that harm occur. The
destruction, displacement by introduced species, safety requirements in regulations and standards
and chemical pollutants. ‐‐‐‐ For example, there represent different levels of relative safety.
Industries with high safety ambitions, such as
are many endangered species of tiger beetles and
airway traffic, are characterised by continuous
butterflies and the major threat to most of these
endeavours to improve the level of safety.
species is habitat degradation and loss as well as
A) In engineering practice, safety is an ideal that can
overcollecting.
be approached, but never fully attained.
A) Insects make up more than 72 percent of global
B) The protection of people from harm increasingly
animal diversity based on available information. has been a focus of many fields of engineering since
B) A rare and endangered species of insect is the 19th century.
unlikely to determine the fate of a large ecological C) Safety has often been defined as the antonym of
system. risk, but that is only part of the truth.
C) Pollution, and water development especially rank D) Several methods are used by engineers to
as the most frequent causes of habitat degradation. achieve safety in the design and operation of
D) The vast majority of at‐risk insects are reportedly potentially dangerous technology.
threatened by more than one of these causes. E) The intertwining of engineering and safety
E) Insects as a group are not at risk because many probably will intensify in the future in response to
species are widely distributed. constantly rising public expectations.

10
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

60. (I) According to the World Gold Council, there 63. (I) Omega‐3 is the supplement best known as a
are currently around 184,000 tonnes of gold sitting brain booster. (II) Rich in oils, fatty fish like herrings,
in bank vaults, government reserves and personal sardines and mackerel survive extreme
collections. (II) That sounds like an awful lot, until temperatures. (III) Although there is so much
you realise that just one cubic metre of the stuff research in the literature on the link between
weighs over 19 tonnes. (III) Similarly, each litre of Omega‐3 and the brain, most of it is based on small,
seawater contains just 13 billionths of a gramme of commercially motivated and unreliable studies. (IV)
gold. (IV) Thus, all the world's known gold reserves When these are removed, the evidence that is left is
could be laid out on a football pitch in a layer only a not convincing. (V) More research is needed to
metre or so high. (V) But, this is only the gold that obtain sufficient evidence beyond doubt on
has been successfully mined and documented. whether Omega‐3 is good for the brain.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) A hand‐size monkey called marmosets is in 64. (I) We know dirty air is bad for our bodies,
great demand in labs and yet almost nowhere to be causing the equivalent of millions of deaths
found. (II) With their small size, fast growth, and worldwide every year, making it a bigger killer than
sophisticated social life, marmosets attract the smoking. (II) But could air pollution be bad for our
attention of neuroscientists. (III) So, they have been minds too? (III) A study has found that psychotic
genetically engineered to make their brains easier experiences, which can involve hearing or seeing
to image and to serve as models for neurological something that others do not, are more common
disorders such as autism and Parkinson's. (IV) They among teenagers in the UK's most polluted areas.
call to each other in back‐and‐forth conversations, (IV) Noise pollution can increase stress and disrupt
and pairs share responsibility for caring for the sleep, two factors associated with psychotic
young. (V) However, the problem is there are experiences. (V) However, the association does not
almost none left to be used by researchers because mean that breathing in air pollution leads to
of their endangered status. psychosis in teenagers, because there could be
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V other explanations.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) Plants, like people, have definite ideas about

where they like to live. (II) Like people, they flourish 65. (I) After decades of special effects and artists'
in friendly conditions and become weak and impressions, the world got its first look at a real
dispirited if life is too difficult for them to cope with. black hole in April 2019. (II) The image quickly
(III) Unlike people, however, plants cannot take spread around the globe, hitting the front pages of
practical steps to improve their homesite ‐ they many newspapers. (III) Scientists are never
cannot up and move, and they cannot protect satisfied, and this is no exception. (IV) It shows an
themselves against adverse conditions. (IV) Warm‐ ethereal ring of orange light around the
season plants often have large and deep root supermassive black hole at the heart of the
systems that enable them to go for relatively longer M87galaxy, 55 million light years from Earth. (V)
periods without being watered. (V) Therefore, it is The image was taken using the combined power of
the responsibility of people taking care of plants to eight radio observatories around the world by the
provide them the most appropriate living Event Horizon Telescope team comprised of 387
conditions. scientists.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

11
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Barnacle geese are radically changing their 67. It is pointed out in the passage that ‐‐‐‐.
migration patterns as a result of the warming A) adult geese have always flown without break to
climate and speeding up their annual trip to reach their breeding ground
the best breeding spots, with devastating B) the Arctic is the most preferred place to breed
consequences for chicks. Each year, the adults for all kinds of migratory birds
migrate 3,000 kilometres from the North Sea to C) barnacle geese spend half of the year on
breeding grounds in the Russian Arctic. They breeding in the Russian Arctic
normally stop on the way for food and rest along D) stopovers may help the chicks to become strong
the Baltic Sea, but they have started skipping these enough before migrating back
rest breaks to reach the Arctic in time for its E) barnacle geese reach the Russian Arctic in a
increasingly early spring. This has meant they arrive longer time than they used to
at their destination almost two weeks ahead of
their usual schedule. The early arrival has created
problems; the geese are exhausted and need time
to replenish energy before laying eggs. As a result,
they can fail to lay in time for the chicks to hatch
when food quality is at its peak. This is making it
harder for the chicks to become strong enough to
survive the return journey.

66. According to the passage, barnacle geese ‐‐‐‐. 68. It is clear from the passage that ‐‐‐.
A) changed the content of their source of food A) rising temperatures in the Arctic cause barnacle
B) usually make stopovers more often than they did geese to have more stopovers
before B) the Baltic Sea has just become a favourite place
C) used to have stopovers on their way to breeding for barnacle geese to have a rest
grounds C) barnacle geese have successfully adapted to
D) have developed a new way to lay eggs without need less time to replenish their energy before
having to migrate laying eggs
E) skip the Russian Arctic and prefer the North Sea D) early arrival of barnacle geese in their breeding
to lay eggs sites has unfortunate outcomes for the chicks
E) breeding spots for every type of geese change as
a result of the warming climate

12
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Some sheep have a cultural tradition of migrating, 70. It can be understood from the passage that ‐‐‐‐.
but this knowledge can be lost in a generation if A) bighorn sheep that live in the same area for a
their journeys are interrupted. Every spring, bighorn long time do not feel the need to migrate
sheep migrate to higher altitudes, following B) bighorn sheep instinctively tend to migrate when
nutritious new vegetation as it emerges from the they are translocated
melting snow. But is knowledge of these routes C) migration is a learned behaviour in bighorn sheep
inherited genetically, or is it something that must be rather than an inherent one
learned? To answer this question, a group of D) researchers had difficulty in following the
researchers looked at how the sheep behaved when migration routes of some animals
moved to new locations by people, known as E) bighorn sheep are willing to change their
translocation. They studied data from 129 bighorn vegetation habits every spring
sheep from four populations that had lived in the
same area for more than 200 years. The animals
were fitted with special GPS collars, ‐ a highly
advanced gadget ‐ and the team compared their
movements with those of 80 sheep translocated
into new populations in unfamiliar environments.
Between 65 and 100 percent of sheep living in the
same area as their ancestors climbed 1,000 metres
up mountainsides to graze on new vegetation as it
appeared in spring. By contrast, only seven of the
translocated sheep behaved in this way. Because
the other 73 translocated sheep did not migrate, it
seems that migration cues are not inherited
genetically.

69. We understand from the passage that 71. The passage is mainly about ‐‐‐‐.
researchers ‐‐‐‐. A) the genetic features of bighorn sheep and their
A) were able to follow migration routes of bighorn migration habits
sheep only in the spring B) the cultural migration tradition of bighorn sheep
B) could direct most of the bighorn sheep to the C) the analysis of migration routes of bighorn sheep
new vegetation areas D) the features of migration routes of bighorn
C) forced 65 percent of the sheep to migrate to sheep and how to improve them
graze on new vegetation E) the techniques that researchers use to conduct
D) found out that most of the translocated sheep their study of bighorn sheep
migrated like their ancestors did
E) used specific technological devices to follow
sheep in different locations

13
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Solar water heating systems convert solar radiation 73. Which of the following could be inferred from
into useable thermal energy in the form of hot the passage?
water. Domestic solar water heaters can provide A) Solar water heating systems have changed little
households with a large proportion of their hot since their earliest forms were first used.
water needs while reducing the amount of B) Solar water heating systems were highly popular
conventional fuel used and hence reducing home in densely populated areas when they were first
energy costs. The amount of hot water produced introduced.
will depend on the type and size of the system, the C) Weather conditions were highly influential in the
climate, and location for solar access. Over the performance of the earliest versions of solar water
years, a variety of system designs have been heating systems.
developed and tested to meet specific consumer D) It took a couple of centuries for solar water
needs and environmental conditions. The first solar heating systems to get commercialised, particularly
water heaters consisted of exposed tanks of water in the US.
left out to warm in the sun, efficient only on sunny E) Due to their dependence on the sun, solar water
days. Used on a few farms and ranches in the systems are designed with some restrictions that
Southwest of the United States in the late 1800s, control the amount of energy produced.
they were reportedly capable of producing water
hot enough for showering by the late afternoon on
clear days. The first solar water heater,
manufactured commercially under the trade name,
was patented in 1891.

72. Which of the following is true for solar water 74. The aim of the author is ‐‐‐‐.
heating systems? A) to convince the reader not to use solar water
A) The use of solar water heating systems leave no heating systems in households
room for other energy sources in homes due to B) to give a brief description of the way thermal
their efficiency. energy is formed
B) The amount of energy produced through solar C) to describe how the first heating systems were
water systems far exceeds the amount that could developed
be essential for typical households. D) to provide a brief early history of solar water
C) There are various factors that might be influential heating systems
on the amount of the output generated by solar E) to compare conventional heating systems with
water heating systems. energy‐efficient ones
D) Solar water heating systems are characterised by
a process which basically involves the
transformation of traditional fuel into thermal
energy.
E) Solar water heating systems were projected in
the 19th century to be appropriate even for uses
that involve very large amounts of energy.

14
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

The desire to explore space is nearly primal for 76. It is understood from the passage that modern
Homo sapiens. Early humans quickly spread out of exploration of space ‐‐‐‐.
Africa to every region on the planet, then came to A) was initially focused on the differences between
speculate that the stars and planets were yet other the Earth and other spaces
material places worthy of exploration. The idea to B) changed science in a way to make it possible to
travel to these other worlds was inevitable. understand both space and Earth
However, for thousands of years, humans C) restricted the possible human space exploration
commonly drew fundamental distinctions between attempts
the Earth and non‐Earth environments. Aristotle D) was based on Aristotle's observations of the laws
taught that the laws of nature that applied on Earth of nature
did not necessarily apply beyond the Earth, thus E) changed only the instruments of space
severely restricting the very possibilities for human exploration
space exploration. During the early modern
exploration of the Earth, astronomers such as
Galileo Galilei and his contemporary, Johannes
Kepler, began the modern observational
exploration of the space, using new techniques and
instruments of science. A result of this exploration
of space was the scientific revolution itself. Science
is now seen as applicable to understanding the
entire world, to both space and Earth. In this way,
civilisation has been transformed.

75. According to the passage, early humans ‐‐‐‐. 77. The passage is mainly about the ‐‐‐‐.
A) quickly left Africa to explore whether there were A) technologies and instruments used in space
similar regions to places they were living exploration today
B) thought that other planets and stars were B) approaches of great scientists in the field of
nothing different from Earth space exploration
C) always wanted to explore places beyond Earth C) underlying reasons that encourage humans to
after making some suppositions about them improve science
D) had not been aware of other material places D) historical development of the understanding of
beyond Earth until the formulations done by space exploration
Aristotle and Kepler E) current viewpoints of modern observational
E) started speculating about the stars and planets exploration of space
even before moving out of Africa

15
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Although it seems out‐of‐date currently, telegraphy 79. Which of the following is not true about
has always been a reliable method of telegraphy?
communication employing electrical signalling A) A telegraph signal can be transmitted using
impulses produced and received manually or by different instruments.
machines. Telegraph signals are transmitted over B) Audible sounders were among the factors that
open wire or cable land lines, submarine cables, or led to a faster communication.
radio. Early equipment devised by Samuel F. B. C) It was easier to transmit messages manually than
Morse consisted of a mechanical transmitter and mechanically.
receiver or register for the first time. Operators D) Companies exchanged data through telegraph
soon learned to handle messages faster by using messaging.
simple manual keys and audible sounders. E) Telegraph messaging was preferred by
Subsequently, telegraph transmission and reception companies, government and general public.
became mechanised. Those days, it was also used in
many other ways. For instance, telegraph facilities
for use by the general public to transmit messages
both domestically and internationally were
provided by communication companies and
government administrations. Special telegraph
facilities included those for news services,
distribution of market prices of securities and
commodities, and private lines between such points
as the factories and offices of a company for the
exchange of messages, orders, payroll data, and
inventories.

78. According to the passage, telegraph ‐‐‐‐. 80. According to the passage, special telegraph
A) is the fastest communication tool in the modern facilities ‐‐‐‐.
world A) have still been widely used across the globe
B) did not include a mechanical transmitter before B) could only transmit messages locally
Samuel F. B. Morse's version C) provided by government administrations offered
C) was not very popular among both local and only domestic services
global companies in its early days D) were utilised for many purposes
D) was used more by governments than the private E) ran better before being mechanised
companies
E) has been valued as the biggest communication
tool ever

16 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Ağustos YÖKDİL

Answer Key
1 C 21 B 41 A 61 D
2 C 22 C 42 B 62 D
3 B 23 B 43 E 63 B
4 D 24 E 44 B 64 D
5 B 25 D 45 B 65 C
6 B 26 B 46 C 66 C
7 D 27 D 47 C 67 D
8 C 28 C 48 E 68 D
9 B 29 A 49 A 69 E
10 E 30 D 50 A 70 C
11 E 31 A 51 B 71 B
12 E 32 A 52 B 72 C
13 D 33 C 53 E 73 C
14 C 34 C 54 C 74 D
15 B 35 E 55 B 75 C
16 D 36 C 56 A 76 B
17 C 37 C 57 D 77 D
18 D 38 B 58 B 78 B
19 A 39 A 59 A 79 C
20 A 40 E 60 C 80 D
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

1. Research has found that increasing your 5. Scientists developed a sensor the size of a
emotional intelligence at work has many ‐‐‐‐, vitamin pill that is swallowed by the patient easily,
including the ability to better manage stress at which if proved to work reliably as a diagnostic
work and be more productive. tool, may ‐‐‐‐ unpleasant endoscopy screening
A) coincidences B) constraints tests in the future.
C) benefits D) failures A) trigger B) replace
E) predictions C) reveal D) pretend
E) cultivate

2. Pollutants in the atmosphere lead to lung 6. The process of juicing removes many of the
disease, but the biggest breathing danger may be nutrients in fruit, particularly fibre, and ‐‐‐‐
wildfires; it takes only a few hours of ‐‐‐‐ to fructose, a type of sugar, so you are essentially
unhealthy particles to trigger an asthma attack. drinking water full of sugar.
A) restriction B) subscription A) wipes out B) slows down
C) exposure D) inconvenience C) leaves behind D) puts on
E) progression E) stems from

3. Elderly people are particularly ‐‐‐‐ to heatstroke 7. The incidence of diabetes ‐‐‐‐ quite dramatically
because they often have weak hearts and their in recent years, especially in the United States,
skin is less effective at sweating. where in general people take less exercise, and
A) willing B) changeable food ‐‐‐‐ in greater quantity.
C) indifferent D) peculiar A) is increasing / will be taken
E) susceptible B) has increased / is taken
C) increases / is being taken
D) increased / has been taken
E) had increased / was taken

4. Active life expectancy is a useful concept which 8. Researchers ‐‐‐‐ that wearing a sleep tracking
is ‐‐‐‐ used for measuring the combined health, device to bed ‐‐‐‐ people obsess over their sleep’s
functional, and longevity status of relatively long‐ statistics, leading to a poor night’s rest.
lived national populations in order to improve A) had found / can make
public health. B) must find / would make
A) adversely B) vaguely C) have found / could make
C) irrationally D) increasingly D) will find / ought to make
E) suspiciously E) can find / used to make

1
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

9. Salmon is a nutritious fish as it is rich ‐‐‐‐ vitamin 13. ‐‐‐‐ some research initially indicated an
B12, and omega‐3 fatty acids in it improves association between many events at birth and
attention and processing speed in people ‐‐‐‐ mild autism, subsequent studies have not supported
cognitive impairment. many of these findings.
A) at / of B) about / for A) Even though B) Whenever
C) in / with D) from / to C) Because D) Only if
E) with / through E) By the time

10. Speech and language disorders in children are 14. Hair on the head can grow to several feet in
usually diagnosed ‐‐‐‐ a speech and language length ‐‐‐‐ the hair of the eyelashes is generally no
pathologist, often ‐‐‐‐ the help of a pediatrician, longer than about a quarter of an inch long.
audiologist and neurologist. A) as long as B) now that
A) with / for B) in / among C) once D) when
C) by / with D) from / on E) whereas
E) through / by

11. Dark leafy greens like spinach and kale are 15. ‐‐‐‐ most people think of a narcoleptic as a
famous ‐‐‐‐ their nutritional superpowers, but person who falls asleep at inappropriate times,
there is new insight ‐‐‐‐ the best way to eat them: sufferers of narcolepsy also share other symptoms,
raw or in a smoothie. including excessive daytime sleepiness and
A) by / on B) in / about hallucinations.
C) with / to D) from / around A) Although B) Since
E) for / into C) Given that D) Unless
E) Once

12. Scientists believe that there are several risk 16. ‐‐‐‐ a parent is advised so by the child’s
factors associated ‐‐‐‐ Alzheimer’s disease, so they physician, topical antibiotics should not be used on
prescribe a regimen of exercise, methods to children under two months of age.
reduce stress and even nutritional supplements to A) Since B) Unless
patients to compensate ‐‐‐‐ their deficits. C) Whereas D) As though
A) to / in B) at / from E) In order that
C) with / for D) on / toward
E) by / about

2
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

17. In the prescribing information of a drug, the Meditation has escaped both the religious cells of
following must be included among others: a monks and nuns and the labs of scientists. An
description of its active ingredient, precautions, increasing number of people are using meditation
adverse reactions and instructions on what to do ‐‐ apps to deal with mental health problems, [21]‐‐‐‐
‐‐ overdosage. depression and anxiety. [22]‐‐‐‐ there is no clear
A) in case of B) for the sake of estimate of how many people are practising
C) in terms of D) by means of meditation, last year one single app had close to 40
E) except for million downloads. However, now a new study,
which reviews over 40 years of the science of
meditation and mindfulness‐based therapies,
suggests that these practices can also lead to
negative effects [23]‐‐‐‐ about 8 per cent of
individuals – from increases in anxiety, depression
and stress, to unusual experiences like
hallucinations. This sounds counterintuitive, given
18. Researchers who analysed the effects of 13 oils the thousands of scientific studies exploring the
and fats on cholesterol levels found that seed oils positive effects of meditation. Scientists have been
were best at lowering 'bad' LDL cholesterol ‐‐‐‐ aware of these problems for a long time. In 1977,
their unsaturated fat content. the American Psychiatric Association published a
A) in place of B) due to statement [24]‐‐‐‐ that research on meditation
C) according to D) such as should evaluate both its usefulness and its dangers.
E) on behalf of Ancient meditation manuals, like the Buddhist
Dharmatrata Meditation Scripture, likewise reveal
that if meditation is not carried out properly, the
mind [25]‐‐‐‐ unstable, restless or confused.

21.
A) in view of B) by virtue of
C) such as D) in place of
19. Joints are the structures where two or more E) regardless of
bones come together, ‐‐‐‐ directly ‐‐‐‐ by means of
strong fibrous cords called ligaments.
22.
A) as / as B) either / or
A) Because B) Provided that
C) no sooner / than D) so / that
C) When D) Although
E) the more / the more
E) As though

23.
A) from B) over
C) in D) at
E) with

20. A long, twisting tube makes up your intestines,

‐‐‐‐ digested food is absorbed and thus your body 24.
is provided with energy and raw materials. A) damaging B) cancelling
A) which B) what C) increasing D) recommending
C) where D) that E) spoiling
E) when
25.
A) used to become B) should become
C) has to become D) must become
E) may become

3
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

The word 'agoraphobia' comes from two Greek 31. ‐‐‐‐, while some specialise in one particular
words that mean 'fear' and 'marketplace'. aspect of orthopaedics, such as hand surgery or
Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterised by joint replacements.
intense fear related to being in situations [26]‐‐‐‐ A) It is usually agreed that orthopaedics is one of
which escape might be difficult or embarrassing, or the main branches of medicine
in which help might not be available in the event of B) Many orthopaedic surgeons maintain a general
a panic attack or panic symptoms. Panic is defined practice
as extreme and [27]‐‐‐‐ fear and anxiety. Patients C) Orthopaedists are urgently needed by many
with agoraphobia typically exhibit symptoms, [28]‐‐‐ hospitals in developing countries
‐ feeling dizzy, having an attack of diarrhoea, D) Orthopaedics is the branch of medicine
fainting, or 'going crazy' when outside. [29]‐‐‐‐ most concerned with the diseases of bones or muscles
of these patients do not know how to cope with E) Orthopaedists have accomplished great
these symptoms, they tend to avoid situations that improvements in the development of artificial limbs
involve being outside their home alone, being in
crowds and being on a bridge. Agoraphobia [30]‐‐‐‐
to the point that it interferes with a person's ability
to take a job outside the home or to carry out such
ordinary errands and activities as picking up
groceries or going out to a movie.

32. Although sleep generally is a vital aspect of the

26. physiological functioning of humans and other
A) from B) of higher organisms, ‐‐‐‐.
C) with D) on A) the lack of normal sleep may have many different
E) without consequences
B) the regulation of the sleep‐wake cycle and of the
stages of sleep is crucial
27. C) there seem to be significant physiological
A) inadequate B) outdated benefits to various bodily systems
C) inconsiderate D) constructive D) there is no single, well‐defined function served
E) unreasonable by sleep
E) different needs are being met by different sleep
stages
28.
A) such as B) despite
C) in terms of D) in spite of
E) other than

29.
A) Even if B) As soon as 33. While acne, a common skin disease, can arise
C) Because D) As if at any age, ‐‐‐‐.
E) Until A) the most troubling aspects of these lesions are
the negative cosmetic effects
B) there are some acne patients who can solely be
30. treated by family doctors
A) might have intensified C) this disease affects nearly 17 million people in
B) should have intensified the United States
C) has to intensify D) it occurs when the pores of the skin become
D) may intensify clogged with oil
E) will be able to intensify E) it usually begins at puberty and worsens during
adolescence

4
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

34. ‐‐‐‐ despite meeting our energy or calorie 37. ‐‐‐‐, all cells of the body require cholesterol
requirements. because it is an essential constituent of all cell
A) Most people have a good understanding of the membranes.
effects of nutrition on our physical health A) While cholesterol forms hormones that regulate
B) The contribution of diet to physical health status water and electrolyte balance
is of great importance for many people B) Although cholesterol has the reputation of being
C) Daily calorie intake should be made up of calories an unwanted, even dangerous substance
from a variety of foods C) Given that transportation of cholesterol in the
D) Dietary intakes high in fat or sugar can frequently blood is a complex process
be low in essential vitamins and minerals D) Since too much cholesterol in your body may
E) The food we eat plays an important role in our cause heart disease
physical and emotional well‐being E) Just as increased dietary cholesterol tends to
raise cholesterol levels in the body

35. Even though the words obese and overweight 38. ‐‐‐‐, there has been little research and writing
are used synonymously, ‐‐‐‐. on vegetarianism in the social sciences.
A) comparing the height and weight is the best tool A) As opposed to the social sciences' neglect of the
in hand to determine your weight composition whole area of food consumption
B) body composition or gender differences are also B) Just as social scientists are now turning their
other factors contributing to these subjects attention to the area of food in general
C) the percentage of body fat and waist C) Despite the potential for a wealth of social
circumference are almost never taken into observation and analysis
consideration D) Whenever we come across some very useful
D) there has been a great deal of research on body research studies
fat and lean muscle mass in recent years E) Because vegetarianism has emerged and
E) there is a great difference between these terms developed more as a social phenomenon than a
in both definition and associated health risk medical one

36. Unlike many cancers that are curable if 39. The liver makes about 80 percent of the
detected early, ‐‐‐‐. cholesterol in the blood circulation, and it
A) more than three quarters of patients with continues to make cholesterol ‐‐‐‐.
pancreatic cancer are between 55 and 84 years old A) as long as it receives the source materials
B) five‐year survival rates for pancreatic cancer have (dietary fats) to do so
increased from 6 to 9 percent B) though cholesterol is essential for cell membrane
C) pancreatic tumours are quick to multiply, making repair and hormone production
the speed of diagnosis useless C) as researchers recognised that the problem is not
D) precision medicine will ultimately help many cholesterol itself
patients suffering from cancer D) seeing that cholesterol does not dissolve in water
E) in some types of cancer, patients can completely or blood
recover through early diagnosis E) while cholesterol and saturated fats co‐exist in
many animal‐based foods

5
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

40. Caffeine is regarded by many as the best way 42. In the last decade, science has confirmed that
to give you a quick boost, ‐‐‐‐. meditation, when correctly practised, offers lasting
A) for there are some lesser‐known natural benefits for your physical, emotional, and mental
alternatives to consider health.
B) yet one should be aware of its side effects that A) Bilim, son on yıl içerisinde, doğru uygulanan
come with excessive consumption meditasyonun bedensel, duygusal ve akıl sağlığınız
C) so natural energy boosters can help increase için uzun süreli etkileri olduğunu kanıtladı.
energy production in cells B) Geçtiğimiz on yılda bilim, meditasyonun
D) even though caffeine has long been known for its yeterince uygulandığında insana uzun süreli
boost‐giving effect bedensel, duygusal ve akli yararları olduğunu iddia
E) although it reduces oxidative stress and supports etti.
a reduction in tiredness C) Son on yılda bilim, doğru uygulandığında,
meditasyonun bedensel, duygusal ve akıl sağlığınıza
kalıcı yararlar sunduğunu doğruladı.
D) Meditasyonun doğru uygulandığında insanın
bedensel, duygusal ve akıl sağlığına devamlı olarak
yararlı olduğu son on yılda bilim tarafından
doğrulandı.
E) Meditasyonun doğru uygulanmasının insanın
bedensel, duygusal ve akıl sağlığına kalıcı yararlar
sunduğu son on yılda bilimsel olarak doğrulandı.

43. Exposure therapy is a form of cognitive‐

behavioural therapy in which patients with
phobias are exposed to feared objects or
situations while accompanied by the therapist.
A) Maruz bırakma terapisi, bir bilişsel‐davranışsal
tedavi türüdür ve fobileri olan hastalar bu tedavide
bir terapist eşliğinde korkulan nesnelere veya
durumlara maruz bırakılır.
B) Bir çeşit bilişsel‐davranışsal tedavi türü olan
maruz bırakma terapisinde, fobileri olan hastalar
korkulan nesne veya durumlara terapistleri
tarafından maruz bırakılır.
41. ‐‐‐‐, since its symptoms are obvious even to an C) Maruz bırakma terapisi, fobileri olan hastaların,
untrained person. korkulan nesnelere veya durumlara terapist
A) Diagnosing choking due to mechanical eşliğinde maruz bırakıldığı bir bilişsel‐davranışsal
obstruction is straightforward tedavi türüdür.
B) Incidences of choking is more common in D) Fobileri olan hastalar, bir tür bilişsel‐davranışsal
children compared to adults tedavi olan maruz bırakma terapisi boyunca
C) Smoking, heavy alcohol use and lung diseases all korktukları nesnelere veya durumlara bir terapist
increase the risk of choking during sleep eşliğinde maruz bırakılır.
D) The risk of choking due to obstructive sleep E) Fobileri olan hastaların korktukları nesnelere veya
apnoea can be reduced by avoiding smoking durumlara maruz bırakıldığı bilişsel‐davranışsal bir
E) Patients who suffer airway obstruction during tedavi türü olan maruz bırakma terapisi, bir terapist
sleep are treated with a specialised equipment eşliğinde uygulanır.

6
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

44. Exercise causes micro‐tears in your muscles, 46. Fibromyalgia is a common disorder that has
which is a good thing because as they repair over only recently received recognition by the medical
several days, your muscles grow stronger. community, and although it is not totally curable,
A) Egzersiz, kaslarınızda mikro yırtıklara neden it can be greatly improved with lifestyle changes.
olduğu için iyi bir şeydir çünkü bunlar birkaç gün A) Ancak son zamanlarda tıp çevrelerince tanınırlık
içinde onarıldıkça kaslarınız daha da güçlenir. kazanmış yaygın bir rahatsızlık olan fibromiyaljinin
B) Egzersizin kaslarınızda mikro yırtıklara neden tam tedavisi olmasa da bu rahatsızlık yaşam
olması iyi bir şeydir çünkü bunlar onarılırken birkaç tarzındaki değişikliklerle büyük oranda
gün içinde kaslarınız daha da güçlenir. iyileştirilebilir.
C) Kaslarınızda mikro yırtıklara neden olan egzersiz B) Fibromiyalji tamamen tedavi edilemez bir
iyi bir şeydir çünkü bunların birkaç gün içinde hastalıktır ve ancak son zamanlarda tıp çevrelerince
onarılmaları kaslarınızı daha da güçlendirir. tanınırlık kazanan bu yaygın rahatsızlık yaşam
D) Egzersiz, kaslarınızda mikro yırtıklara neden olur tarzındaki değişikliklere büyük oranda
ve bu iyi bir şeydir çünkü bunlar birkaç gün içinde iyileştirilebilir.
onarılırsa kaslarınız daha da güçlenir. C) Fibromiyalji ancak son zamanlarda tıp
E) Egzersiz, kaslarınızda mikro yırtıklara neden olur çevrelerince tanınırlık kazanmış yaygın bir
ki bu iyi bir şeydir çünkü kaslarınız birkaç gün içinde rahatsızlıktır ve tamamen tedavi edilebilir
onarılırken daha da güçlenir. olmamasına rağmen yaşam tarzındaki değişikliklerle
büyük oranda iyileştirilebilir.
D) Fibromiyalji tamamen tedavi edilemeyen yaygın
bir rahatsızlıktır ancak yaşam tarzındaki
değişikliklerle büyük oranda iyileştirilebildiğinden
son zamanlarda tıp çevrelerince tanınırlık
kazanmıştır.
E) Fibromiyalji ancak son zamanlarda tıp
çevrelerince tanınırlık kazanmıştır fakat bu yaygın
hastalık, yaşam tarzındaki değişikliklerle büyük
oranda iyileştirilebilse bile tam tedavisi yoktur.

45. Some have long thought that a virus is involved 47. Fair skin makes a person more likely to develop
in some cases of obesity, but the idea is still skin cancer, but only if he or she has prolonged
controversial. exposure to intensive sunlight.
A) Kimileri uzun zamandır bazı obezite vakalarında A) Bir kişi uzun süre yoğun güneş ışığına maruz
bir virüsün rol aldığını düşünmektedir, fakat bu kalırsa, açık tenli olması bu kişinin cilt kanserine
düşünce hala tartışmaya açıktır. yakalanma riskini artırır.
B) Kimilerine göre uzun zamandır obezite B) Bir kişinin uzun süre yoğun güneş ışığına maruz
vakalarının bazılarında bir virüs etkili olsa da, bu kalınca cilt kanseri olma olasılığı yalnızca bu kişi açık
düşünce hala tartışılmaktadır. tenliyse artar.
C) Uzun zamandır bazı obezite vakalarının virüslerle C) Açık ten, bir kişinin cilt kanseri olma ihtimalini
alakalı olduğu düşünülse de, bu fikir bazılarına göre artırır ama ancak kişi uzun süre yoğun güneş ışığına
hala tartışmaya açıktır. maruz kalmışsa.
D) Kimileri bir virüsün obeziteye yol açtığını düşünse D) Açık tenli kişilerin cilt kanserine yakalanma
de, tartışmaya açık bu fikre uzun zamandır ihtimali, yalnızca uzun bir süre yoğun güneş ışığına
katılmayan kimseler de vardır. maruz kaldıklarında artar.
E) Bir virüsün belli obezite vakalarının sebebi E) Yoğun güneş ışığına uzun süre maruz kalmak, cilt
olabileceği uzun zamandır düşünülmektedir, ancak kanserine yakalanma olasılığını artırırken, açık tenli
kimileri de bu fikri tartışmaya açık bulurlar. bir kişide bu olasılık daha yüksektir.

7
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

48. Balkabağındaki beta‐karoten adı verilen güçlü 50. Zaman içinde trans ve doymuş yağ tüketiminin,
antioksidanlar, hastalıkla mücadele etmeye ve DNA depresyon teşhisi konulma riskini % 48'e kadar
hasarını önlemeye yardımcı olur ve vücutta A arttırdığı görülmüştür.
vitaminine dönüştürülerek sağlıklı gözleri destekler. A) The risk of being diagnosed with depression over
A) The powerful antioxidants in pumpkin that help time has been shown to increase by 48% with the
fight disease and prevent DNA damage are called rise of the consumption of trans and saturated fats.
beta‐carotene, which is converted to Vitamin A in B) It has been shown over time that consuming high
the body and supports healthy eyes. amounts of trans and saturated fats may increase
B) The powerful antioxidants in pumpkin, called the risk of depression by 48%.
beta‐carotene, help fight disease and prevent DNA C) The consumption of trans and saturated fats over
damage, and they support healthy eyes by being time has been shown to increase the risk of being
converted to Vitamin A in the body. diagnosed with depression by up to 48%.
C) The powerful antioxidants in pumpkin, called D) Research has shown that depression has
beta‐carotene, help fight disease by preventing increased by up to 48% because of the consumption
DNA damage, and they are converted to Vitamin A of trans and saturated fats over time.
in the body to support healthy eyes. E) Consuming trans and saturated fats may increase
D) Beta‐carotene, the powerful antioxidants in the risk of being diagnosed with depression by as
pumpkin, helps fight disease, prevents DNA much as 48%, as it has been shown by research over
damage, and supports healthy eyes as it is time.
converted to Vitamin A in the body.
E) The powerful antioxidants in pumpkin, called
beta‐carotene, are what help fight disease and
prevent DNA damage, and they are converted to
Vitamin A in the body, which supports healthy eyes.

49. Omurilikte meydana gelen hasar genellikle 51. Enfekte olan bir kişiye maruz kaldıktan sonra
duyusal bilginin akışında kesinti ile sonuçlanabilse bile su çiçeği aşısı, aşıyı 72 saat içinde olursanız, sizi
de, işlev kaybının türü ve derecesi hasarın miktarı koruyabilir.
ve yerine bağlıdır. A) Even if you receive the shot within 72 hours, the
A) Although the type and extent of the loss of chicken pox vaccine will protect you after you have
function depend on the amount and location of been exposed to an infected person.
damage to the spinal cord, the damage may usually B) You will be protected against even the chicken
result in interruption of the flow of sensory pox if you are vaccinated within 72 hours after
information. exposure to an infected person.
B) The amount and location of damage to the spinal C) The chicken pox vaccine can protect you even if
cord are related to the type and extent of the loss you receive the shot after 72 hours of exposure to
of function, despite the fact that the damage may an infected person.
usually result in interruption of the flow of sensory D) Only if you receive the shot within 72 hours, will
information. the chicken pox vaccine protect you even when you
C) The type and extent of the loss of function are have been exposed to an infected person.
usually determined by the amount and location of E) Even after you have been exposed to an infected
damage to the spinal cord, as the damage may person, the chicken pox vaccine can protect you if
result in interruption of the flow of sensory you receive the shot within 72 hours.
information.
D) While damage to the spinal cord may usually result
in interruption of the flow of sensory information, the
type and extent of the loss of function depend on the
amount and location of the damage.
E) Damage to the spinal cord may result in
interruption of the flow of sensory information,
usually depending on the type and extent of the
loss of function as well as on the amount and
location of the damage.

8
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

52. Son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar, sürekli 54. Dementia is a condition characterised by a
olarak aç hissediyorsanız, bunun nedeninin kötü chronic decline in cognitive functions contrasted
gece uykusunun yol açtığı hormon dengesizliği with a person’s usual state of functioning. It is
olabileceğini göstermiştir. seen most often in people 65 years and older, and
A) According to recent research, the reason why the incidence increases with age. There are various
you are constantly feeling hungry could be a causes and types of dementia but they have
hormone imbalance caused by a bad night’s sleep. certain characteristics in common. ‐‐‐‐ Also, they
B) According to recent research, hormone may have trouble with visuospatial processing,
imbalance is shown to be the cause of feeling such as getting lost in familiar places. Language
constantly hungry and having a bad night's sleep. may be affected, causing difficulty in finding the
C) Recent research has revealed that a bad night's right word to use in a sentence.
sleep can cause a hormone imbalance, which makes A) However, the onset of dementia is usually
you feel constantly hungry. insidious, making it difficult to diagnose until it is
D) Recent research has revealed that you may be too late for effective treatment.
feeling constantly hungry if you have a hormone B) Therefore, recognition of the condition is often
imbalance caused by a bad night's sleep. delayed as the affected person may not notice that
E) Recent research has shown that if you are anything is wrong.
constantly feeling hungry, this could be due to a C) To illustrate, Alzheimer's disease is the most
hormone imbalance caused by a bad night's sleep. common type of dementia in North America and
Europe.
D) For example, persons with dementia often have
problems with short‐term memory, such as
forgetting names and recent events.
E) But dementia may also be caused by problems
such as cerebrovascular accident or hypertension.

53. Ameliyat esnasında aşırı kanama riskini 55. All adults need a biennial eye exam, or an
arttırdığından cerrahi bir işlemden önce aspirin annual one if they are over 60. A 2018 study by the
alınmamalıdır. Canadian Association of Optometrists found that
A) One should not take aspirin prior to a surgical two out of three seniors had an eye condition such
operation given that this drug is known to increase as glaucoma or macular degeneration. Glaucoma,
the risk of bleeding during the operation. the leading cause of irreversible blindness, is called
B) There is a risk of excessive bleeding during a a silent thief for good reason. ‐‐‐‐ Therefore, the
surgical procedure, so aspirin should not be taken only way to catch it before significant damage has
before a surgical procedure. occurred is with regular eye exams.
C) Because of the risk of excessive bleeding during a A) It holds significant clues about the overall health.
surgical operation, aspirin should not be taken B) Eye doctors are the first to notice serious
before such an operation. diseases.
D) Aspirin is not recommended before a surgical C) In the early stages, it is observed as
procedure due to the increased risk of excessive asymptomatic.
bleeding during the procedure. D) When having your vision tested, relax and blink
E) As it can increase the risk of excessive bleeding often.
during surgery, aspirin should not be taken before a E) Glaucoma is very common among avid readers.
surgical procedure.

9
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

56. Currently, if a patient suffers from organ 58. The sense of taste is called gustation. Though
failure, they are put on a transplant waiting list, common perception is that the bumps on the
and then they have to keep their fingers crossed tongue are the taste buds, they are so small that it
that a suitable match can be found before it is too is not possible to see them without a microscope.
late. ‐‐‐‐ An international team of scientists has ‐‐‐‐ Each taste bud contains dozens of taste cells.
made a significant step towards making this a Though taste buds for the four categories of taste
reality. They have 'bioprinted' the world’s first – sweet, sour, salt, and bitter – are present
fully functioning artificial vascular network, throughout the mouth, roughly 10,000 of them on
necessary for growing large, complex tissues, and the tongue align in certain patterns.
ultimately organs. A) The bumps are called papillae, and they contain
A) In the future, however, surgeons may be able to clusters of taste buds.
simply produce the required organ on demand. B) Taste buds on the tip of the tongue are
B) So, hospitals could be facing more challenges as concentrated to detect sweet tastes.
more and more patients start requiring the organs. C) Besides tastes, the tongue is also responsible for
C) The number of patients on the waiting lists is the formation of sounds during speech.
going up day by day around the world. D) The chamber at the back of the tongue receives
D) For instance, there has been an increasing both air and food while swallowing.
number of researchers who try to solve the E) The structures responsible for tasting begin to
problem. take shape in the third week of embryonic
E) Doctors, on the other hand, need to find new development.
ways to enhance their professional skills in
transplanting.

57. ‐‐‐‐ European researchers followed 3,200 adults 59. The consequences of famine are physical,
for 20 years; those with the most defined forehead psychological, social, and economic. Malnutrition
wrinkles had nearly 10 times the risk of dying from results from food shortage within weeks. Children
heart disease as those with few or none. The fail to grow and cannot learn in school, and both
results remained unchanged even after adjusting adults and children experience weight loss, lack of
for age, gender, and health measures like smoking energy, and decreased work ability. Permanent
and blood pressure. Researchers think deep blindness can result from Vitamin A deficiency that
forehead wrinkles may signal narrowing of heart accompanies a deterioration of dietary quality. ‐‐‐‐
arteries in the forehead and coronary plaque Diseases such as measles, malaria, pneumonia,
build‐up. There are better methods for detecting and diarrhoea are the most common causes of
heart risks, but researchers say wrinkles may be a death during famine.
visual red flag that could prompt physicians to run A) An example of the chain of events that leads to a
further tests. natural famine is a poor harvest due to a drought or
A) A person's skin may reflect how healthy his or flood.
her heart is. B) The immediate causes of famine are inadequate
B) Omega‐3 fatty acid supplements have little food production or market availability.
benefit related to heart health. C) Access to food is such a basic human need that
C) Eating large amount of fish and nuts may prevent control of the food supply translates into direct
heart diseases and wrinkles. political and economic power.
D) Nutrients received from sea products slow the D) Losing land ownership and selling valuable assets
aging effects on the skin. can prevent families from recovering financially
E) To foster a younger looking skin, vitamin after a famine.
supplements are thought be beneficial. E) Malnutrition also puts people at a high risk of
dying from common infectious illnesses.

10
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

60. (I) In most people, vision is the primary sense 63. (I) Celiac disease – also known as celiac sprue,
for gathering information about the world around or sometimes simply sprue – is a chronic
us. (II) It is estimated that two‐thirds of the autoimmune disease that affects the small
knowledge and data within the brain, existing as intestine, the main organ that absorbs food into the
memories, comes in through the eyes – in the form body. (II) People with classic celiac disease cannot
of words, pictures, diagrams, and similar images. digest the gluten found in wheat and other grains.
(III) Vision, or eyesight, is also vital for safety. (IV) (III) The Greek physician Aretaeus of Cappadocia
Like eyesight, hearing changes throughout a wrote the first account of the disease around the
lifetime. (V) We watch for and avoid hazards and first century A.D. (IV) Untreated, this intolerance
dangers all around, from part‐open doors to can interfere with overall digestion, leading to
flashing warning lights and fast‐moving vehicles. severe diarrhoea, malnutrition, weight loss and,
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V eventually, death. (V) People with celiac disease can
literally starve to death in the presence of food.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) For reasons of convenience, most bottled 64. (I) Acupuncture is a Chinese therapeutic method
waters are sold in plastic containers that contain for the treatment of different symptoms including
phthalates. (II) Also, the results of any water quality pain. (II) Thin, solid needles are inserted into
tests that are made by the bottled water companies proposed specific points on the body, called
need not be released to the public. (III) Water is a acupuncture points. (III) The needles are inserted
universal solvent, so phthalates can be leached through the skin to varying depths, often into the
from a plastic bottle and mix with the water in it. underlying musculature. (IV) The needles are often
(IV) It is still not known if there are any negative twirled slowly for a short time, 30‐60 seconds and
health effects from human exposure to phthalates. may be left in a place for a varying time, 2‐30
(V) However, rodents have experienced adverse minutes. (V) The method of applying electrical
effects from the chemical in some studies, which stimulation via acupuncture needles was introduced
makes it apparent that additional research is in 1958.
needed on this issue. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) Zebrafish could become a powerful tool for 65. (I) Fever, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain
identifying the best chemotherapy to kill a can be characteristic symptoms of a number of
particular patient's cancer. (II) Biologists Rita Fior diseases. (II) In many cases, acute infectious
and Miguel Godinho‐Ferreira injected tumour cells diarrhoea is a mild, limited annoyance. (III)
from cancer patients into zebrafish larvae and However, worldwide it has a huge impact, causing
tested them with the same chemotherapy used on over five million deaths per year. (IV) While most
the patients. (III) Mice bred with human tumours deaths are among children under five years of age
have also been used for similar tests, but this in developing nations, the impact, even in
process is more expensive and can take months. developed countries, is considerable. (V) For
(IV) The results correctly predicted whether the example, over 250,000 individuals are admitted to
drugs would work in four of the five patients. (V) hospitals in Canada each year, which indeed shows
Fior and Godinho‐Ferreira have recently expanded how common diarrhoea cases are in the world.
the study to include more patients and other types A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
of cancers.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

11
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Statistics show that significant percentages of the 67. It is understood from the passage that
populations of developed countries use alternative medicine deals with not only disease
complementary and alternative medicine. In the itself, but also ‐‐‐‐.
United States, according to a 2004 National A) how much the treatment will cost
Institutes of Health survey, 36 percent of Americans B) an overall well‐being of the body and mind
used complementary and alternative medicine as a C) the elimination of side effects
form of therapy. Women are more likely than men D) women's health in particular
to use complementary and alternative medicine. E) the advancement of conventional medicine
The trend toward using complementary and
alternative medicine and natural compounds has
significantly increased in past decades. An
important reason for this trend is the belief that
these therapies will have fewer side effects.
Another important factor is a vision of health as a
state of complete physical, mental, and social well‐
being, not merely the absence of disease. In
contrast to conventional medicine, which treats the
body like a highly complex machine, alternative
medicine emphasises the importance of the balance
of mental, physical, and spiritual aspects. Simplicity,
availability, and lower prices compared to modern
medications also contribute to the use of
alternative medicine.

66. Which of the following is true about alternative 68. One can infer from the passage that
medicine in the US? conventional medicine ‐‐‐‐.
A) Americans are using alternative medicine more A) has fewer side effects than alternative medicine
than any other nations. B) is generally applied in certain serious diseases
B) People are turning to alternative medicine mainly C) views health primarily as absence of disease
because it is cheaper. D) is not the most preferred type of treatment
C) The side effects of alternative medicine are still E) adopts an oversimplistic approach to human
being researched. health
D) Most people still believe that conventional
medicine has fewer side effects.
E) The use of alternative medicine has been
increasing lately.

12
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Medical treatment today primarily takes the form 70. Which of the following is not true about
of drugs and therapy. But a third option is slowly 'wearable' devices?
emerging: on‐body, digital devices that can treat A) They are highly recommended by medical
both mental and physical conditions. Such professionals in the USA.
'wearable' therapy offers unique advantages in that B) They can be personally adapted for the user.
it is often more targeted, can be more affordable, C) They have fewer side effects than other methods
personalised and has fewer negative side effects. of treatment.
Mobile and wearable devices such as phones or D) They are within a reasonable price range.
fitness trackers are now routinely used for E) They are now used to detect and monitor
preventive health. They monitor physiological data illnesses.
and behaviour, increase self‐awareness and
encourage habitual change. They are also starting
to be used by medical professionals to diagnose and
monitor diseases. So far, the use of these devices
for intervention and treatment has been limited to
apps that have reminders to exercise, guide people
through meditation and mindfulness, or provide
support for cognitive behavioural therapy. In the
future, especially in the USA, this technology will
expand into a bigger world.

69. According to the passage, digital devices on the 71. According to the passage in the future, ‐‐‐‐.
body ‐‐‐‐. A) the use of mobile and wearable devices will be
A) may have various usages and advantages extended to different areas
B) are effective in treating exclusively physical B) cognitive behavioural therapy will be the first
conditions field to make use of wearable devices
C) work best when they are used with drugs C) digital health technologies will place more
D) are likely to eliminate drug therapy emphasis on mental health
E) might be less efficient in diagnosing rare D) wearable devices will take the place of medical
disorders professionals
E) wearable devices will focus on optimising
treatment rather than prevention

13
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

There are many challenges in diagnostic imaging in 73. What can be inferred from the passage about
developing countries. Mainly, there is a severe lack diagnostic imaging services in developing
of safe and appropriate diagnostic imaging services countries?
in large parts of the world. The lack of equipment A) The equipment suitable for diagnostic imaging
could be due to lack of resources or poor can be installed in hospitals.
maintenance of existing equipment. Additionally, in B) The infrastructure for imaging services has
many countries a large number of images are of undergone some changes for the better.
poor quality and are of no diagnostic use. However, C) There is a need for further training of specialists
even if proper equipment is available, there is a lack along with proper equipment.
of adequately trained medical specialists including D) The WHO has made sure that diagnostic imaging
radiographers and technologists. Inadequate is accessible for the majority.
training means a lack of qualified personnel, and E) There have been a number of training
improper use of equipment as well as incorrect programmes for medical and technical staff.
interpretation of images. Finally, regardless of the
type of equipment and procedures used, diagnostic
imaging requires a rigid infrastructure that often
does not exist in developing countries. This
infrastructure includes trained medical and
technical staff; radiation protection measurements;
regulations; reliable supplies of clean water, electric
power; and adequate air‐quality control. The goal of
the World Health Organization (WHO) for diagnostic
imaging is to make safe and reliable diagnostic
imaging services available to as many as possible,
advise and support those working in the field
developing and maintaining these services.

72. According to the passage, diagnostic imaging 74. The passage is mainly about ‐‐‐‐.
services in developing countries ‐‐‐‐. A) various changes in diagnostic imaging techniques
A) maintain their quality and wide availability in some parts of the world
B) are safe and function well at all times B) the availability of medical services in developed
C) have abundant resources in various areas countries
D) lack funding for equipment and trained staff C) the difficulties developing countries encounter
E) have the proper infrastructure to function well with diagnostic imaging
D) the quality of medical training in developing
countries
E) types of medical equipment available to patients
in developing countries

14
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Interest in veganism is increasing rapidly in New 76. It can be understood from the passage that
Zealand and as vegans do not consume dairy both oat and almond ‐‐‐.
products, finding a milk alternative is the key. The A) are used in creating milk alternatives for vegans
version that is really on the rise right now comes B) have almost the same taste
from good old oats. With the dairy‐alternative C) are equally valued by almond milk consumers
space growing globally, the demand for oat milk has D) make the dairy milk more creamy when added
become so massive that new factories are cropping E) steam and become foamy comparably less
up all over the US just to meet it. People are also
spreading the word on oat milk because of how it
tastes and performs. It does not have the nutty
taste of other dairy alternatives like almond, it is
creamy, and it steams well compared to dairy milk ‐
which is an added bonus as not all alternative milks
become foamy well. Both the fact that oat milk is
plant‐based and people are familiar with the
ingredient are credited for turning oat milk into a
must in the fridge ‐ oats is a well‐known crop and
often already part of the breakfast time routine. It is
also known to be very effective in maintaining a
balanced diet. Now it will only be a matter of time
before we start seeing oats as the star ingredient in
vegan yoghurts and creamy products.

75. According to the passage, New Zealand ‐‐‐‐. 77. What is the passage mainly about?
A) is a country where the number of vegans is rising A) The potential of oats as milk to be consumed by
B) is the first country to use oat milk instead of dairy vegans
products B) The increasing popularity of veganism in New
C) has the highest number of factories to meet the Zealand
demand for oat milk C) The competition between New Zealand and the
D) has been competing with the US vegan market US over the vegan market
for many years D) Differences between dairy milk and oat milk
E) is trying to find different products other than oat E) A comparison of the nutritional values of dairy
milk milk and oat milk

15
 YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Doctors performed the first successful lung 79. It is understood from the passage that donor
transplantation in 1983 and now perform several lungs ‐‐‐‐.
hundred lung transplantations each year. A lung A) should be taken from people who are at the age
transplantation may involve one lung or both lungs. of 65
Less frequently a lung transplantation includes both B) are matched with recipients through strict
lungs and the heart. Donor lungs come primarily transplantation procedures
from people who donate their organs upon death. C) can be more successfully transplanted when the
Live lobular donation, in which a living donor recipient is a child
undergoes surgery to have one lobe of the lungs D) are mainly preferred to be taken from people
removed for transplantation, is occasionally a viable who are alive
option for people who can find a tissue match E) are taken from candidates with consent from
among two prospective donors, usually family their family members
members, willing and medically capable of donating
a healthy lung lobe. Doctors most commonly
consider living lobular donation as an option for
children who have aggressive cystic fibrosis. Many
circumstances influence whether an individual is an
appropriate candidate for lung transplantation.
Because donor lungs are in short supply, the criteria
for transplantation are stringent though vary
somewhat among transplant centres. In general,
lung transplantation recipients must be under age
65, in good health except for their pulmonary
conditions, and demonstrate willingness and ability
to comply with the post‐transplantation care
regimen. Transplantation criteria nearly always
exclude patients who have cancer and
immunodeficiency disorders.

78. It is clearly stated in the passage that lung 80. One can conclude from the passage that lung
transplantation ‐‐‐‐. transplantation ‐‐‐‐.
A) sometimes means transplanting heart in addition A) is more difficult when the recipient requires both
to the lungs lungs
B) is mainly done with lungs of a living donor from B) requires regular medical care for potential
the family problems after surgery
C) was very challenging and usually resulted in C) is never done when the recipient has
deaths before 1983 immunodeficiency disorders
D) has become more common due to increase in D) will soon be replaced by more innovative
donations procedures
E) is more successful when the donor is a family E) is the only option for people with aggressive
member cystic fibrosis

16 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Sağlık Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

1 C 21 C 41 A 61 B
2 C 22 D 42 C 62 C
3 E 23 C 43 C 63 C
4 D 24 D 44 E 64 E
5 B 25 E 45 A 65 A
6 C 26 A 46 C 66 E
7 B 27 E 47 C 67 B
8 C 28 A 48 B 68 C
9 C 29 C 49 D 69 A
10 C 30 D 50 C 70 A
11 E 31 B 51 E 71 A
12 C 32 D 52 E 72 D
13 A 33 E 53 E 73 C
14 E 34 D 54 D 74 C
15 A 35 E 55 C 75 A
16 B 36 C 56 A 76 A
17 A 37 B 57 A 77 A
18 B 38 C 58 A 78 A
19 B 39 A 59 E 79 B
20 C 40 B 60 D 80 B
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

1. At just the right distance from the Sun for water 5. If our petroleum‐based civilisation keeps
to exist in liquid form on the surface, Earth has burning fuel at current or increased rates, some
vast oceans, an oxygen‐rich atmosphere, and a scientists ‐‐‐‐ that the concentration of carbon
huge ‐‐‐‐ of life forms from bacteria to plants and dioxide in the earth's air will double the
animals. preindustrial levels by the year 2030.
A) diversity B) measurement A) endure B) regret
C) durability D) implication C) predict D) differentiate
E) identification E) appreciate

2. Titanium is the element most commonly added 6. The very earliest explorations of the sea ‐‐‐‐
to steel because it increases its strength and ‐‐‐‐ to human endurance, that is, how deep a person
corrosion. could dive.
A) destruction B) specialty A) filled out B) turned down
C) pattern D) achievement C) carried out D) depended on
E) resistance E) worked out

3. From its invention until the telephone became a 7. In the past 100 years, astrophysicists ‐‐‐‐ that
‐‐‐‐ system, the telegraph was the standard means space‐time ‐‐‐‐ at an accelerating rate and that the
of communicating both between and within universe is about 14 billion years old.
metropolitan areas. A) deduced / has expanded
A) rare B) sensitive B) have deduced / is expanding
C) suspicious D) practical C) had deduced / will expand
E) repetitive D) are going to deduce / expands
E) deduce / had expanded

4. Global warming is a very complex issue that one 8. Evidence that drinkable water once flowed on
cannot ‐‐‐‐ understand without looking at Mars, as ‐‐‐‐ by NASA's Opportunity rover, suggests
extensive data and studying the changes to climate that the planet ‐‐‐‐ life in the past.
systems. A) to be found / had harboured
A) temporarily B) simultaneously B) being found / will be harbouring
C) privately D) entirely C) found / could have harboured
E) desperately D) finding / might have harboured
E) to have been found / would harbour

1
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

9. An organism's metabolism is a set of chemical 13. ‐‐‐‐ the major technical problems associated
processes by which it obtains energy ‐‐‐‐ the with reducing emissions from gasoline‐fueled cars
nutrients it consumes and then uses this energy ‐‐‐‐ are solved, such reductions alone might not be
basic life functions. sufficient to solve the air pollution problems.
A) at / through B) upon / about A) Now that B) Once
C) from / for D) into / with C) Even if D) As soon as
E) to / over E) Until

10. Although most of the known amino acids were 14. Global warming is likely to make many parts of
identified ‐‐‐‐ the nineteenth century, the chemical the world uninhabitable, ‐‐‐‐ there are ways to
structures of many were not known ‐‐‐‐ much limit the impact before it is too late.
later. A) for B) thus
A) before / by B) at / for C) as D) but
C) in / since D) over / about E) once
E) during / until

11. Canines, members of the dog family, originated 15. ‐‐‐‐ jaguars are secretive and rare, biologists
‐‐‐‐ North America during the Eocene era, ‐‐‐‐ there have not been able to determine the exact number
they spread throughout the world. remaining in the wild.
A) in / from B) through / during A) Unless B) While
C) on / to D) by / over C) In case D) Because
E) for / around E) As if

12. ‐‐‐‐ there are various ways to define desert 16. Unlike other waves, tsunami is caused neither
climate, a classification system widely used by by wind nor by tidal movement; ‐‐‐‐ it is the result
modern scientists defines it as that averaging at of major disturbances on the ocean floor.
least twice as much potential evaporation as A) even so B) consequently
rainfall during the year. C) otherwise D) rather
A) In case B) Although E) similarly
C) Once D) Unless
E) Given that

2
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

17. ‐‐‐‐ failures such as those in the Bay Bridge and How do you sleep in zero gravity? The crew on the
the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, engineers have International Space Station (ISS) sleep in sleeping
developed methods for making bridges more bags [21]‐‐‐‐ to the wall with special equipments.
aerodynamically sound. On average, crew members get six hours of sleep a
A) As a result of B) On behalf of night; [22]‐‐‐‐, since there is zero gravity, they feel
C) For the sake of D) In terms of drowsy and tired all the time. Many suffer [23]‐‐‐‐
E) Regardless of sleep disorders. These are made worse by the fact
that the ISS experiences 16 sunrises and sunsets
every 24 hours. This frequent switching between
day and night [24]‐‐‐‐ the production of the
hormone melatonin, which regulates our sleep
cycle. Another cause of sleep deprivation [25]‐‐‐‐
18. Titan – Saturn's largest satellite – is the only this are solar lightning strikes, which the astronauts
place in the solar system ‐‐‐‐ Earth that has stable can still see with their eyes closed.
liquid on its surface.
A) instead of B) owing to 21.
C) by means of D) with regard to A) having attached B) attaching
E) other than C) attached D) to attach
E) to be attaching

22.
A) however B) similarly
19. By analysing the spectrum of light from a star C) thus D) for instance
or galaxy, astronomers can tell how fast it is E) in short
moving, and ‐‐‐‐ it is moving toward ‐‐‐‐ away from
Earth.
A) not only / but also 23.
B) the more / the less A) with B) by
C) neither / nor C) for D) from
D) whether / or E) over
E) as / as

24.
A) resumes B) expands
C) tolerates D) promotes
E) disturbs
20. Silicon refers to a large group of organic
compounds ‐‐‐‐ molecules consist of organic
groups attached to silicon atoms. 25.
A) which B) what A) instead of B) along with
C) whose D) that C) according to D) because of
E) who E) thanks to

3
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Polar bears are instantly recognisable for their 31. Since so much of the economy has a vested
vividly white coats. But believe it or not, they are interest in the conventional internal combustion
not actually white – their fur [26]‐‐‐‐ no pigment at engine burning gasoline or diesel fuel, ‐‐‐‐.
all. Each hair is transparent and hollow, and only A) the energy density of the alternative fuels is
appears white because it reflects and scatters considerably less than gasoline
visible light. [27]‐‐‐‐ this, polar bears seem to us B) gasoline‐powered automobiles are modified to
masters of disguise, but not every animal sees them burn a fuel such as ethanol alone
this way. While their fur reflects visible light, it C) any short‐term move to an alternative fuel will
absorbs ultraviolet light, [28]‐‐‐‐ the polar bears meet environmental air quality regulations
appear black to animals able to see UV light. [29]‐‐‐‐ D) it will always take longer to refuel a vehicle using
polar bears are in captivity in mild environments, a lower‐energy‐density liquid fuel
the colour of their fur may turn yellow or green, E) a market transition to alternative fuels and
which may be because algae grow in warmer vehicles is likely to be slow and gradual
environments. [30]‐‐‐‐ the not‐so‐white fur, polar
bears have black skin. As black reflects the least
amount of light, and therefore heat, it is probable
this helps the bears stay warm on the snow.
32. Conservation is not only about protecting the
26. species that we like; ‐‐‐‐.
A) obtains B) gathers A) therefore, more and more species around the
C) demands D) acquires world are now facing the risk of extinction
E) contains B) as a result, rescue projects for nature are never
short of volunteers
C) likewise, most people are concerned about
27.
endangered mammals
A) With the aim of B) Prior to
D) instead, it is about protecting the whole of the
C) As a result of D) Instead of
natural world
E) On behalf of
E) on the contrary, whales have a special place in
wildlife conservation
28.
A) making B) to make
C) to be made D) to be making
E) to have been made
33. Despite their threatening and low‐pitched
buzzing sound, ‐‐‐‐.
29. A) we have to examine the constant characteristics
A) Until B) When to identify species of bumblebees
C) As if D) Although B) bumblebees appear to thrive best in the
E) Even if temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere
C) some bumblebees nest underground, where they
take over cavities like mouse tunnels
30.
D) one had better not go in the vicinity of their
A) On B) At
nests or massively threaten a single bumblebee
C) Into D) Under
E) bumblebees are very peaceful creatures who
E) With
very seldom use their considerable stinger

4
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

34. In nature, it is very rare for species to die out 37. ‐‐‐‐, the protein content of it may not be as
so quickly; ‐‐‐‐. high as that of duckweed or insects.
A) thus, dinosaurs died out completely, creating A) Although it makes financial sense to grow raw
new opportunities for mammals and birds materials around near‐shore wind farms
B) similarly, all of the extinct species outnumber the B) Since a lot of seaweed farmers are thinking about
living ones by roughly one hundred to one installing their farms near windmills
C) instead, they normally go into a slow decline, C) Even if some researchers believe seaweed carries
which gives better‐adapted species time to take the greatest feed‐the‐world potential
their place D) As most of us already eat mostly protein‐based
D) furthermore, huge number of species become meals about twice as much as we require
extinct together when disasters or climate change E) Because there is enough land to farm seaweed or
strike duckweed for our expanding population
E) in addition, human activities such as farming and
hunting are making species extinct at an ever‐
increasing rate

35. Pure aluminium is relatively soft and not the 38. Pests are one of the biggest problems for
strongest of metals, ‐‐‐‐. agricultural lands, ‐‐‐‐.
A) but when melted together with some specific A) even if we know caterpillars eat many vital food
elements, it forms alloys with a wide range of useful crops like rice
properties B) so that they can destroy a farmer's entire crop in
B) because it has been quite expensive to produce a single night
aluminium metal in any quantity until recent years C) but natural predators can stop them from
C) provided that four million tons of aluminium are causing a total disaster
produced every year in the United States D) unless they ruin crops that are worth billions of
D) as long as the metal itself is known to conduct dollars annually
electricity about 60% as well as copper E) although identifying crops that are more resistant
E) given that some people claim that it is toxic and to pests is essential
that aluminium cookware is therefore dangerous

36. In the late 1980s, the production of commercial 39. The wood of pines is used as timber for
aerosols fell slightly ‐‐‐‐. construction and furniture; ‐‐‐‐.
A) because some groups became concerned about A) similarly, wind or animals generally spread their
their environmental effects seeds into the environment
B) since there have been a number of advances in B) moreover, it is used for the manufacture of many
aerosol technology products including paper
C) unless in many cases this substitution resulted in C) on the other hand, the leaves of all pines are
relatively inferior products needle‐like
D) in case aerosol technology helps combustion D) in other words, one of the most important pines
systems vastly improve of the 1800s was the eastern white pine
E) even if these limitations had forced the aerosol E) however, in modern times, several other species
industry to seek alternative solvents of pine are economically important

5
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

40. Despite minerals' variety and complexity, ‐‐‐‐. 42. Only in recent years, with the advance of
A) humans have made use of minerals in various technologies like fMRI, have neuroscientists begun
ways for a long time to figure out how and why we dream.
B) they must be of nonbiological, or inorganic, A) fMRI gibi teknolojilerin gelişimiyle, sinir bilimciler
origin, which excludes coal and peat nasıl ve neden rüya gördüğümüzü ancak son yıllarda
C) there are several physical characteristics they all anlamaya başlamışlardır.
share B) Sadece fMRI gibi teknolojilerin gelişimi sayesinde,
D) their hardness is defined as their ability to sinir bilimciler nasıl ve neden rüya gördüğümüzü
scratch another mineral son yıllarda anlamaya başlamışlardır.
E) everything that humankind consumes, uses, or C) fMRI gibi teknolojiler ancak son yıllarda gelişmiş
produces has its origin in minerals ve böylelikle sinir bilimciler nasıl ve neden rüya
gördüğümüzü anlamaya başlamışlardır.
D) fMRI gibi teknolojilerin gelişmeye başlamasının
ardından sinir bilimciler nasıl ve neden rüya
gördüğümüzü ancak son yıllarda anlayabilmiştir.
E) Sinir bilimcilerin nasıl ve neden rüya
gördüğümüzü ancak son yıllarda anlayabilmeleri,
fMRI gibi teknolojilerin gelişimiyle mümkün
olmuştur.

43. Solubility is quite an important property as

most chemical reactions occur when the
substances reacting with each other are dissolved.
A) Çözünürlüğü önemli bir özellik yapan şey
kimyasal reaksiyonların çoğunun birbiriyle
tepkimeye giren maddelerin çözünmesinden
meydana gelmesidir.
B) Çözünürlüğün oldukça önemli bir özellik olması
birçok kimyasal reaksiyonun birbiriyle tepkimeye
41. ‐‐‐‐, many humans find rats frightening and giren maddeler çözündüğünde meydana
revolting. gelmesindendir.
A) Because the ancestor of New York's rats lived in C) Çoğu kimyasal reaksiyon birbiriyle tepkimeye
northern China giren maddeler çözündüğünde meydana gelir ve bu
B) Despite the fact that rodents are seen as carriers da çözünürlüğü önemli bir hale getirir.
of contagious and fatal diseases D) Çözünürlük oldukça önemli bir özelliktir çünkü
C) Until cities radically change how they deal with çoğu kimyasal reaksiyon, birbiriyle tepkimeye giren
their household waste maddeler çözündüğünde meydana gelir.
D) Even though rats and people have occupied E) Çözünürlük oldukça önemlidir çünkü çoğu
shared living spaces for long kimyasal reaksiyonun birbiriyle tepkimeye giren
E) Just as the populations of native rats have been maddeler çözündüğünde meydana gelmesi bu
reduced intentionally in New Zealand özellik sayesinde olur.

6
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

44. Canned goods are the backbone of an 45. A study shows that destruction of tropical rain
emergency food supply because they can be stored forests, in particular, has brought humans face‐to‐
without refrigeration and eaten without being face with microbes that are naturally seen in wild
heated. animals.
A) Konserve kutulu ürünler acil durum yiyecek A) Bir araştırma, özellikle yağmur ormanlarının yok
temininin belkemiğidir çünkü buzdolabı olmadan edilmesinin insanları normalde yabani hayvanlarda
depolanabilir ve ısıtılmadan yenebilir. görülen mikroplarla karşı karşıya bırakmış olduğunu
B) Buzdolabı olmadan depolanabilen ve ısıtılmadan göstermektedir.
yenebilen konserve kutulu ürünler acil bir durumda B) Normalde yabani hayvanlarda görülen
yiyecek temininin belkemiğini oluşturur. mikropların insanlarda da görülmesi, bir araştırmaya
C) Acil durum yiyecek temininin belkemiğini oluşturan göre özellikle yağmur ormanlarının yok edilmesi
konserve kutulu ürünler, buzdolabı olmadan sonucunda gerçekleşmiştir.
muhafaza edilebilir ve ısıtılmadan yenebilir. C) Bir araştırmaya göre, yağmur ormanlarının yok
D) Yiyecek temininin belkemiği olan konserve kutulu edilmesi sonucunda insanlar, normalde özellikle
ürünler, buzdolabı olmadan depolanabildiği ve yabani hayvanlarda görülen mikroplarla karşı
ısıtılmadan yenebildiği için acil durumlarda karşıya kalmaktadır.
kullanılabilmektedir. D) Özellikle yağmur ormanlarının yok edilmesiyle
E) Konserve kutulu ürünler buzdolabı olmaksızın insanların normalde yabani hayvanlarda görülen
depolanabilmesi ve ısıtılmaksızın yenebilmesi gibi mikroplarla karşı karşıya kaldığı, bir araştırma
özellikleriyle acil durum yiyecek temininin sonucunda ortaya çıkmıştır.
belkemiğidir. E) Bir araştırma, normalde yabani hayvanlarda
görülen mikropların insanlarda da ortaya çıkmasının
özellikle yağmur ormanlarının yok edilmesine bağlı
olduğunu göstermektedir.

7
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

46. When people try to stop using caffeine, they 47. Most parts of meteors evaporate when they hit
may feel headache and fatigue, but these the Earth, as their kinetic energy is converted into
symptoms can be controlled by gradually reducing heat and high temperatures turn even rock into gas.
the amount of caffeine consumed. A) Dünya'ya çarptıklarında kinetik enerjileri ısıya
A) Kafeini bırakmaya çalışan insanlar baş ağrısı ve dönüşen meteorların birçok parçası, kayayı bile gaz
yorgunluk gibi belirtiler gösterebilir ama bu belirtiler hâline getiren yüksek sıcaklıklardan dolayı
tüketilen kafein miktarı kademeli olarak azaltılarak buharlaşır.
kontrol edilebilir. B) Meteorların birçok parçası Dünya'ya çarptığında
B) İnsanlar kafein kullanmayı bırakmaya buharlaşır çünkü kinetik enerjileri ısıya dönüşür ve
çalıştıklarında baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk hissedebilirler, yüksek sıcaklıklar kayayı bile gaz hâline getirir.
ama bu belirtiler tüketilen kafein miktarı kademeli C) Meteorların birçok parçasının Dünya'ya
olarak azaltılarak kontrol edilebilir. çarptığında buharlaşması, kinetik enerjilerinin ısıya
C) İnsanların kafein kullanmayı bırakmaya dönüşüp yüksek sıcaklıklarda kayayı bile gaz hâline
çalıştıklarında yaşadıkları baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk getirmesi sebebiyledir.
hissi gibi belirtiler tüketilen kafein miktarı kademeli D) Meteorların kinetik enerjilerinin ısıya dönüşmesi
olarak azaltılarak kontrol altına alınabilir. sonucunda oluşan yüksek sıcaklıklar kayayı bile gaz
D) İnsanlar tüketilen kafein miktarını kademeli hâline getirdiği için birçok meteor parçası Dünya'ya
olarak azaltarak baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk gibi çarptıktan sonra buharlaşır.
belirtileri kontrol altına alabilir ve böylece kafein E) Dünya'ya çarpan meteorların birçok parçası
kullanmayı bırakabilir. buharlaşır, çünkü kinetik enerjilerinin ısıya
E) Tüketilen kafein miktarını kademeli olarak dönüşmesiyle oluşan yüksek sıcaklıklar kayayı bile
azaltarak bırakmaya çalışan insanlar yine de bu gaz haline getirir.
dönemde yoğun baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk gibi
belirtileri hissedebilir.

8
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

48. Nükleer endüstrinin günümüzde karşılaştığı en 50. Organik kimya yeni maddeleri yeni özelliklerle
büyük teknolojik sorun yüksek miktardaki atıkların sentezlemek için karbon atomlarından oluşan
uzun süreli ve güvenli olarak elden çıkarılmasıdır. bileşiklerin nasıl değiştirileceğini ve
A) Currently, the biggest technological problem of birleştirileceğini araştırır.
the nuclear industry is how to get rid of high‐level A) Organic chemistry explores how to change and
waste safely for a long term. connect compounds made up of carbon atoms in
B) The biggest technological problem which the order to synthesise new substances with new
nuclear industry is currently facing is related to how properties.
to dispose high‐level waste safely in the long term. B) How to change and connect compounds made up
C) Long‐term and safe disposal of high‐level nuclear of carbon atoms should be explored by organic
waste is the biggest technological problem the chemistry to synthesise new substances with new
nuclear industry has encountered. properties.
D) The biggest technological problem the nuclear C) Organic chemistry explores the changes and
industry is presently facing is the long‐term and safe connections of compounds made up of carbon
disposal of high‐level waste. atoms for the purpose of synthesising new
E) The nuclear industry currently is facing their substances with their new properties.
biggest problem which is the long term and safe D) In order to synthesise new substances with new
disposal of high‐level waste. properties, organic chemistry is to make
explorations on the changes or connections of
compounds made up of carbon atoms.
E) Organic chemistry synthesises new substances
with new properties by exploring how to change
and connect compounds made up of carbon atoms.

49. Modern kozmoloji, Hubble Uzay Teleskopu gibi

teçhizatları kullanarak evrenin düzenini tanımlama
girişimidir.
A) Modern cosmology is an attempt to describe the
order of the universe by using such instruments as
the Hubble Space Telescope.
B) Modern cosmology that uses instruments like the
Hubble Space Telescope attempts to identify the
order of the universe.
C) With an attempt to describe the order of the
universe, modern cosmology makes use of
instruments such as the Hubble Space Telescope.
D) Using instruments like the Hubble Space
Telescope, modern cosmology attempts to describe
the order in the universe.
E) Modern cosmology is an area in which an
attempt is made to describe the order of the
universe by using instruments such as the Hubble
Space Telescope.

9
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

51. Orta Çağın en müthiş ve insanların hayatı 53. Geniş alanı göz önünde bulundurulduğunda
üzerinde en yaygın etkiye sahip icatlarından biri Afrika diğer kıtalardan daha az büyük sıra dağlara
olan baskı işlemi Johannes Gutenberg tarafından sahiptir.
tasarlanmıştı. A) There are fewer extensive mountain ranges in
A) In addition to being one of the greatest Africa than there are on the other continents
inventions of the Middle Ages, the printing process, although it is a continent with a vast size.
devised by Johannes Gutenberg, had also the most B) While it has a vast size, Africa has fewer
widespread influence on the lives of people. extensive mountain ranges than do the other
B) One of the most brilliant inventions of the Middle continents.
Ages, the printing process devised by Johannes C) Considering its vast size, Africa has fewer
Gutenberg, was the one which had the most extensive mountain ranges than any other
widespread influence on the lives of people. continent.
C) The printing process, which was one of the D) In Africa, there are not as many extensive
greatest inventions of the Middle Ages and that had mountain ranges as there are on any other
the most widespread effect on the lives of people continents despite its vast size.
was devised by Johannes Gutenberg. E) Compared to the other continents, there are
D) The printing process devised by Johannes fewer extensive mountain ranges in Africa in spite
Gutenberg was one of the most brilliant inventions of its vast size.
of the Middle Ages as it had the most widespread
influence on the lives of people.
E) The printing process, which was devised by
Johannes Gutenberg, and which had a widespread
effect on the lives of people, was one of the
greatest inventions of the Middle Ages.

52. Fosiller sadece kemikler ve kabuklar gibi

taşlaşmış gövde parçaları değildir, antik bakteri ve
dinozor ayak izlerini de içerirler.
A) Fossils are not just petrified bones, shells or body
parts, they are also ancient bacteria and dinosaur
prints of fossils.
B) Petrified body parts like bones and shells are not
the only fossils; also there are fossils of ancient
bacteria and dinosaur footprints.
C) Fossils are not just petrified body parts such as
bones and shells, they also include ancient bacteria
and dinosaur footprints.
D) Fossils are both petrified body parts like bones
and shells and they also include ancient bacteria
and footprints of dinosaurs.
E) In addition to fossils like petrified body parts such
as bones and shells, ancient bacteria and dinosaur
footprints are fossils, too.

10
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

54. ‐‐‐‐ The latter are quite costly and typically 55. Researchers looked at how the genetic
consist of 90% fuel, 5% hull, and only 5% payload diversity of African lions has changed over time.
in the shape of astronauts, satellites, and other They discovered that the diversity of the
things. The elevators, on the other hand, will be population in the Kavango‐Zambezi conservation
powered by solar energy and have room for much area which spans parts of Angola, Botswana,
more than goods. According to a group of Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe, has fallen by up
scientists, an elevator capsule can ferry 30 to 17 percent since 1895. ‐‐‐‐ It is known that there
passengers to a space station some 35,000 km are now fewer lions in Africa and they occupy a
above Earth in 7.5 days. A trip to space could cost smaller area, but it was previously less clear how
as much as a business‐class plane‐ticket very soon. well they were doing in their heartlands.
A) If space elevators become a reality one day, they A) The loss of genetic variation in the Kavango‐
will be a much cheaper means of transport into Zambezi lions reduces their ability to adapt to
space than rockets. future changes and threats.
B) The idea of a space elevator has existed since the B) This drop is significant because it occurred in an
late 1800s, but for almost 100 years, it seemed area that is home to one of the continent's most
unrealistic. important lion populations.
C) Scientists are still not sure which method is the C) Stopping the decline in the lion's genetic diversity
best for building an advanced space elevator. will require political support.
D) A recent satellite experiment has eventually D) In Botswana, there is political will to protect lions
become the predecessor of a full scale space because tourism is seen so significant for the country.
elevator. E) Researchers have been studying the genetic
E) In theory, hundreds of kilograms are required to diversity of the world's lion population since the
keep a space elevator structure stable in the orbit. end of the 19th century.

11
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

56. The Sun is a typical star, little different from 57. Earthquakes and volcanoes have affected
billions of others in our galaxy, the Milky Way. It humans' history, culture, and civilisation.
dominates everything around it, accounting for Earthquakes have been reported to result in great
99.8 percent of the solar system's mass. Compared human casualties as well as economic destruction.
with any of its planets, the Sun is immense. ‐‐‐‐ Yet ‐‐‐‐ Earthquakes and volcanoes have terrified
the Sun is by no means the biggest star; VY Canis people both young and old with their destructive
Majoris, known as a hypergiant, could hold almost power.
3 billion Suns. A) Humans have been adversely affected by
A) Now approximately halfway through its life, in numerous disasters including floods and tsunamis.
about 5 billion years it will turn into a red giant, B) With regard to the hazard that they present,
swelling and surging out toward the planets. volcanoes can be classified as active, dormant, or
B) Energy traveling from the Sun is responsible for extinct.
sustaining the entire life on Earth. C) One would think that with all the human
C) Earth would fit inside the Sun over one million advances in technology, earthquakes and volcanoes
times; even the biggest planet, Jupiter, is a would become less damaging.
thousandth of the Sun's volume. D) Volcanoes have even been credited with altering
D) It may seem like an unchanging yellow ball in the the Earth's climate, thereby causing some of the
sky, but the Sun is incredibly dynamic. major famines and even plagues in history.
E) The pressure inside the Sun is more than 100 E) Volcanic rocks produced from partially melted
billion times greater than atmospheric pressure on continental crust usually appear red, brown, or grey
Earth's surface. in colour.

12
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

58. Scientists determine the global water level by 59. ‐‐‐‐ First, wind pumps are environmentally
means of satellites equipped with altimeters. friendly. As with the atmosphere, wind turbines
Every second the altimeter emits some 1700 pulses will not contaminate the land, they are not likely
of microwave energy towards Earth. By measuring to contaminate the water either. Also, wind
the time passing before the reflected energy from turbines generally do not affect the wildlife that
the ocean surface returns to the satellite, it is inhabits the area. Sheep, cattle, deer, and other
possible to determine the level of the surface with wildlife are not bothered by the turbines, and in
impressive precision. ‐‐‐‐ By collecting all data from fact have been known to graze under them.
multiple overflights, scientists can calculate the A) Several types of wind pumps have been used for
average global water level over a calendar year, centuries and continue in use around the world.
screening out the effects of wind, waves, ocean B) There are many advantages to using wind energy
currents, tides and so on, all of which can influence for pumping water.
individual data points. C) Birds have long been reported to have a
A) Before the first water‐level satellite was tendency to collide with wind pumps.
launched in 1992, harbour water‐level markers D) Research suggests that the impact of the wind
were scientists' most important tools. turbines on birds does not compare to that of other
B) Additionally, satellites can cover the entire planet things.
in about 10 days, providing an overall picture of E) Using fossil fuels to pump water is more costly
water levels for all seas and oceans. than wind pumps.
C) Those satellites should be able to dismiss local
effects, such as in Scandinavia, where the land mass
is rising compared with the rest of the world.
D) A local water‐level marker in a harbour in the
Gulf of Bothnia would indicate that water levels
there are falling by about 1 cm annually.
E) Satellite data can show that there is a local effect,
with no relevance to global water levels, in the case
of local factors such as tides.

13
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

60. (I) Scientists try to find new ways to harness 62. (I) With pictures of wildfires captured by
natural processes in the fight against environmental satellite cameras in hand, researchers at the
disaster. (II) A team of researchers, for instance, University of Waterloo in Canada, are using an
announced that fungi could be key to winning the artificial intelligence strategy called reinforcement
battle against plastic waste. (III) After several learning to create models that predict how the fires
research studies, a fungus called Aspergillus spread. (II) Researchers are already considering
tubingensis, which produces an enzyme that can applying the same technique to predict flooding and
break down even super‐resilient plastics, fully drought. (III) In a repetitive process using images
digesting it within weeks was found. (IV) The genes from previous fires, the model receives images
that produce it could be put in marine fungi to help showing a fire's location every 16 days. (IV) The
clear plastic in the oceans. (V) Meanwhile, deep in model then predicts the next 16 days' spread and
Oman's al‐Hajar mountain range, geologists have receives feedback about the accuracy of its
found a potential way to remove carbon dioxide prediction, improving the model's understanding of
from air and water. how fires move. (V) As it progresses, the model
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V learns 'rules' that wildfires follow – for example,
that fire stops when it meets a lake.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) The mammals of the world are increasingly 63. (I) The world's first land plants were just ankle‐
active during the night instead of during the day, high, and they reproduced by releasing tiny spores.
according to a major study. (II) American scientists (II) Over millions of years, animals and plants
monitored the circadian rhythms of 141 animal became close partners. (III) As time went by, plants
groups of 62 different species from all continents became taller, tougher and more varied, and the
except Antarctica. (III) The nocturnal activity also new plants included giant horsetails and tree ferns,
brings animals in contact with new predators that which grew in vast forests on swampy ground. (IV)
they must learn how to handle. (IV) It was found The breakthrough came later, when some plants
that the animals' nocturnal activity on average developed seeds. (V) Seeds turned out to be one of
increased by 36% in places where they would often nature's greatest inventions, allowing plants to
come into contact with humans during the day. (V) spread to some of the driest and coldest places on
Individual species are nocturnal for different Earth.
reasons such as to get access to food or avoid A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
hunters, but generally, it is to limit the contact with
humans to a minimum.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

14
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

64. (I) Fungi release digestive enzymes that break 65. (I) Pollution is not a new phenomenon. (II) In the
down food on the immediate contact. (II) Different Middle Ages, London's air was so badly polluted by
species of fungi have several different ways of smoke from coal fires that in 1273 Edward I passed a
sending spores on their journey. (III) Mushrooms, law banning coal burning. (III) In 1306 a Londoner
for example, shed their spores downwards, but was tried and executed for breaking this law. (IV)
puffballs give theirs a flying start by blowing them Coal burning remained the most serious source of
up into the air. (IV) When a puffball is newly grown, pollution until modern times. (V) Despite this,
it feels hard and rubbery, like a ball; however, as its pollution was not checked, and on one occasion in
spores begin to ripen, it dries out. (V) The top of the 1578 Elizabeth I refused to enter London because
puffball then opens up, forming a hole so that the there was so much smoke in the air.
spores can be released. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

15
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Chimps might have spontaneously figured out how 67. It is pointed out in the passage that Claudio
to use a stick to mash a potato, a skill not observed Tennie ‐‐‐‐.
in most other primates. Wild chimpanzees in A) was one of the few scientists who claims that
Guinea climb palm trees to eat the trees' 'hearts', chimps might copy each other
which look like white asparagus. They use sticks to B) lacked the necessary knowledge about
mash the hearts before eating them. Chimps chimpanzees in Guinea and their environment
elsewhere do not do this, suggesting that the C) considered the new behaviour of Guinea chimps
behaviour is cultural and that Guinea chimps pick it as a typical development in primates
up by copying each other. However, Claudio Tennie D) suspected the development of a new behaviour
of the University of Tübingen in Germany is among chimps would ever be possible
sceptical about copying. Many studies have E) doubted the idea that Guinea chimps may have
demonstrated copying among chimps by showing figured out how to use sticks by copying each other
them how to get food out of a puzzle box and
seeing if they can then do it. Tennie says these
studies are flawed because the chimps may simply
be grasping how such boxes work and then figuring
out how to open them. themselves. To see whether
chimps can work out such tricks on their own,
Tennie studied semi‐wild chimps in Zambia. The
chimps had never seen stick‐pounding. Tennie gave
them potatoes that had been boiled for three
minutes: long enough to be edible, but still hard to
eat in three out of four groups, one chimp collected
a stick and used it to mash the potato. "They
redevelop these kind of behaviours on their own
from scratch," says Tennie.

66. According to the passage, chimps in Guinea ‐‐‐‐. 68. One can understand from the passage that the
A) might have developed the behaviour to mash the chimps in Zambia that had never seen stick‐
trees' hearts with sticks on their own pounding before ‐‐‐‐.
B) were unique in the way their ability to climb A) successfully used sticks to open boxes before
palm trees they were tested by Tennie
C) learned more easily to adopt new behaviour B) preferred to wait for a long time before
while eating collecting sticks to mash the potatoes given
D) made scientists rethink how tool use is acquired C) had an inherent tendency to eat raw potatoes
by other primates rather than the boiled ones
E) tend to copy the behaviours of their enemies in D) could also display a new behaviour of mashing
the wild hard food with a stick before they eat
E) initially struggled to use sticks to mash food
before eating palm trees' hearts

16
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Plants have a number of properties that we do not 70. It is understood from the passage that glowing
encounter in synthetic materials: plants self‐repair, plants ‐‐‐‐.
they are easy to recycle, and they are low‐cost. A) can be used for decorative purposes
More importantly, they harvest energy from the B) are exclusive interest of study for nanobionics
Sun via photosynthesis. Then they store that energy C) fail to repair themselves in case of damage
in the form of sugars and starches. So, a plant can D) become brighter after 3.5 hours
be thought as a combination of a solar cell and E) attract a lot of attention from all over the world
battery. Plant 'nanobionics' seeks to work out the
ways that you could transform a living plant and use
these capabilities. Scientists are using small
nanoparticles that can enter the plant and interact
with biochemical pathways to give it new functions.
One example of these new functions is the glowing
plants. Thanks to nanobionics, the plants glow for
about 3.5 hours. The brightness is visible to the
naked eye. The amount of light that is generated
out of plants is actually enough for what architects
call 'indirect lighting'. So, if you had a bunch of
these plants lined up along a wall, you would
contribute to ambient lighting and make your room
attractive.

69. Which of the following is not true about 71. The passage is mainly about ‐‐‐‐.
plants? A) the comparison of nanobionics with other fields
A) They have a lot of features different from of study
synthetic materials. B) nanobionics giving plants new functions
B) They possess properties similar to those of a C) alternative ways of creating ambient lighting
solar cell and a battery. D) how plants use photosynthesis to repair
C) It is quite costly to recycle and repair them. themselves
D) They get energy from the Sun through E) the practicality of plants for recycling
photosynthesis.
E) Scientists are trying to add more properties to
them.

17
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

A large proportion of soil in the lands south of the 73. According to the passage, which of the
Sahara Desert lacks the organic matter and following is true about 'perenniation' techniques?
nutrients needed by plants. The soil needs to be A) They increase pests' chances of survival.
rebuilt with decomposed plant and animal material, B) They result in a larger loss of soil due to erosion.
which adds nitrogen and carbon, helps to retain C) They boost the variety of crops that can be
water and nourishes microbes that keep the earth grown in one field.
productive. However, a majority of African farmers D) They provide more than just soil benefits to
can neither create nor afford to buy enough organic farmers.
matter to improve their lands. Therefore, some E) They include the use of livestock to increase
farmers have adopted a set of strategies known as fertilisation of the soil.
'perenniation'. These methods rely on raising trees,
shrubs, or perennial grasses right among or
alongside food crops to renew soils, boosting crop
yields and improving the long‐term sustainability of
food production. The perennial plants supply
carbon and nitrogen to the ground, help to retain
water, reduce erosion, fight off pests and raise
crops' uptake of chemical fertilisers. They also
provide farmers with feed for livestock and wood
for fuel. These efforts are good starts, though
researchers are not yet certain whether existing
perenniation techniques would work best in various
environments. A group of scientists have
established 45 research stations to study the
suitability of a range of trees, shrubs and other
perennials for local climate, environmental and
cultural conditions to explore alternative
perenniation techniques.

72. What is the main problem with the soil in the 74. According to the passage, how do researchers
south of the Sahara Desert? feel about using the existing perenniation
A) It has a great amount of chemical fertilisers. techniques in different environments?
B) The amount of organic matter and nutrients in it A) Critical
is insufficient. B) Ignorant
C) The strategies used in farming have helped it to C) Questioning
retain large quantities of water. D) Assured
D) The abundance of nitrogen has caused it to E) Neutral
become infertile.
E) Perennial plants have led to a decrease in the
amount of nitrogen in it.

18
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

In pure form, menthol is a white crystalline material 76. According to the passage, exposure to high
with a cooling taste and odour and occurs naturally amounts of menthol ‐‐‐‐.
in the peppermint plant. Peppermint is one of the A) was reported to cause severe damage to the
oldest known herbal remedies. Dried peppermint body by the Greeks and Romans
leaves were found in Egyptian pyramids dating to at B) requires immediate medical attention when
least 1000 BCE, and its use among the ancient menthol is consumed by the elderly
Greeks and Romans in cooking and medical C) might pose more serious health threats for some
preparations is well known. Peppermint was not people than others
introduced to Western Europe, however, until the D) is generally considered safe when it is absorbed
18th century, when it was used to treat a variety of by skin rather than ingested
ailments ranging from toothaches to morning E) has been classified safe by the authorities in the
sickness. It was first brought to the United States United States
about a century later. Although menthol has been
classified as a generally safe product and approved
for use in foods, some side effects have been
reported. On contact with the skin, menthol may
cause irritation in certain populations. Ingesting
large quantities can cause abdominal pain, nausea,
vomiting, dizziness and drowsiness. These effects
are more likely to occur in infants and children than
in adults.

75. According to the passage, peppermint was ‐‐‐‐. 77. Which of the following can be inferred from
A) the largely used herbal remedy for serious the passage?
diseases in Western Europe until the 18th century A) Menthol is regarded as a safe compound,
B) used for medical purposes by various ancient allowing its continued use as a food additive.
cultures B) The Egyptians developed a method for drying
C) discovered almost simultaneously by the peppermint leaves, which affected later
Europeans and the Americans generations.
D) initially applied by the Americans for the relief of C) In the 18th century, menthol used to have fewer
toothaches in the 1900s undesirable side effects than it does today.
E) extracted from the leaves of a plant which was D) Treating morning sickness has been the most
crystallised and purified frequent reason for the use of menthol.
E) Europeans brought menthol to America, where it
had already been used as a herbal remedy.

19
 YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

Corn was first created by the genius of native 79. It can be understood from the passage that
Americans thousands of years ago from an annual growing corn ‐‐‐‐.
grass that had an extraordinarily high natural A) is a difficult task in achieving constant yield
mutation rate. There is nothing comparable to it annually
among all the wild grasses; corn was created by B) could be profitable only if it is done with fertile
tanners' careful seed selections over the millennia, soil
and is still being thus 'created'. Corn is a space and C) needs large farming areas because it is more
soil/nitrogen hog, but it gives abundantly in return efficient
for what it gets. Corn is good for homesteaders D) is advantageous for farmers since it offers high
because it can easily be grown on a small plot yields
without draft animals or farm machinery. It is also a E) is more efficient in providing fuel than hay for
sensible crop to be ambitious about. It yields winterfeeding
generously. You plant one kernel and get about 750
back. It can provide high‐quality food for every man
and beast on the place. A single corn plant can
produce enough grain to feed a person for a day. It
is a bread, it is a vegetable, it is a decoration. The
husks can be made into paper, rope, or stuffing. The
cobs provide fuel to burn. The stalks and leaves are
as good as hay for winterfeeding.

78. It is clearly stated in the passage that native 80. According to the passage, corn plants ‐‐‐‐.
Americans ‐‐‐‐. A) can produce grain that has a higher nutritive
A) generated corn from a kind of a grass with quite value as compared to wheat
a high natural mutation speed B) will help many farmers to raise livestock by
B) inspired the modern farmers to mutate wild feeding them with corn cobs
grasses for new species C) will need a lot of sunshine to grow kernels that
C) initially failed to make use of corn as a fuel could be used next year
D) started a temporary cycle of mutation for wild D) can naturally grow anywhere in the world
grasses and corn E) offer various benefits and uses as well as having
E) selected various seeds to grow in different places an important nutritional value
of the world

20 END OF THE TEST. CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

YÖKDİL – Fen Bilimleri 2021 Şubat YÖKDİL

1 A 21 C 41 D 61 C
2 E 22 A 42 A 62 B
3 D 23 D 43 D 63 B
4 D 24 E 44 A 64 A
5 C 25 B 45 A 65 D
6 D 26 E 46 B 66 A
7 B 27 C 47 B 67 E
8 C 28 A 48 D 68 D
9 C 29 B 49 A 69 C
10 E 30 D 50 A 70 A
11 A 31 E 51 C 71 B
12 B 32 D 52 C 72 B
13 C 33 E 53 C 73 D
14 D 34 C 54 A 74 C
15 D 35 A 55 B 75 B
16 D 36 A 56 C 76 C
17 A 37 C 57 D 77 A
18 E 38 C 58 B 78 A
19 D 39 B 59 B 79 D
20 C 40 C 60 E 80 E
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

1. One of the factors contributing to the spread of 8. X-ray beams are similar to light waves, except their
emerging infectious diseases is the ……… of modern shorter wavelength that allows them ……… dense
transportation, which allows diseases to spread widely substances, such as the skull or facial bones, ……… images
and rapidly. and shadows on film.
A) conservation B) impression A) having penetrated / to be produced
C) recognition D) prevalence B) to penetrate / producing
E) treatment C) to have penetrated / having produced
D) penetrating / to produce
E) to be penetrating / being produced
2. Prior to its ……… due to overhunting and loss of habitat,
the passenger pigeon occurred in tremendous flock
described as obscuring the sun. 9. Scientists estimate that the Earth gains ……… 40,000
A) breeding B) extinction tonnes of material every year from the acceleration of
C) alteration D) revival meteoric dust and debris ……… space.
E) domestication A) in /for B) without / on
C) about / from D) along / at
E) under / with
3. In an increasingly hot and crowded world, clean water
is becoming a ……… commodity.
A) manageable B) various 10. Iran is separated somewhat from the rest of the
C) precious D) frequent Arabian Peninsula ……… a great gulf which divides it ………
E) detectable most of Saudi Arabia.
A) by / from B) with / under
C) off / over D) through / at
4. A 2018 study found that musical training and speaking a E) near / for
second language both help the brain work more ………,
requiring less energy to accomplish the same cognitive
tasks. 11. Due to the expense of the equipment, biometrics were
A) selfishly B) reluctantly originally used primarily ……… verifying identity ………
C) efficiently D) forcefully people entering high-security installations.
E) loyally A) below / among B) in / for
C) from / upon D) across / with
E) through / at
5. In addition to warming and filtering the air we breathe,
the nose can help us to taste; once we chew food, the
odour reaches the smell receptors in the nose, which 12. ……… a number of naturally occurring aerosols exist,
allow the brain to ……… flavours. the most familiar form of an aerosol is the pressurised
A) abuse B) conceal spray can.
C) recognise D) prevent A) If B) While
E) purchase C) Since D) When
E) Unless

6. Hydroelectric power uses turbines which can be ………

whenever energy is needed, so as to provide a reliable 13. The fungus is efficient at absorbing water but cannot
form of energy generation. photosynthesise, ……… the algae contains photosynthetic
A) ruled out B) switched on pigments and so can use sunlight energy to convert
C) given in D) worn out carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
E) passed down A) as if B) until
C) just as D) whereas
E) whether
7. If you ……… an atom by the naked eye, it ……… a little
like tiny centre of balls surrounded by giant invisible
bubbles or shells. 14. ……… the Greeks firmly established the principle of
A) were able to see / looks steam power long before, it was ignored for over 1,500
B) could see / would look years until the late 1600s in Europe.
C) can see / looked A) As if B) Since
D) must see / was looking C) Although D) Once
E) had to see / will look E) As long as
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

15. Current technology largely restricts us to Goldfish have reputation for being unusually forgetful, but
characterising the atmospheres of exoplanets that are that is utterly wrong. A goldfish brain (21) ……… small, but
Jupiter-like in size; ………, as technology advances, it demonstrates effective memory. The small fish can easily
astronomers expect to decipher the atmospheres of remember even complex problems after more than five
smaller, Earth-like exoplanets. months, (22) ……… experiments, in which the fish were
A) in short B) in other words trained to find their way through a maze. At first, the fish
C) for example D) however spent several minutes (23) ……… the maze, but they
E) otherwise learned to make it in about 30 seconds. After the practice,
they were moved to an ordinary aquarium and did not see
the maze (24) ……… almost six months. (25) ……… they
were placed in the maze again, they spent less than 30
16. Smartphones and laptop computers are among the seconds completing it. The results shows that the fish
items that have decreased in size ……… providing more clearly remembered how to find their way.
options than ever before.
A) supposing that B) while 21.
C) since D) until A) must have been B) used to be
E) just as C) might be D) had to be
E) should have been

17. Solar energy is energy that the Earth receives from the
Sun and that can be used to perform useful tasks ………
providing space and water heating and generating 22.
electrical power. A) according to B) regardless of
A) such as B) because of C) prior to D) in comparison with
C) in case of D) contrary to E) on behalf of
E) in comparison with

18. ……… their flashy and vivid colours that advertise their
toxicity, poison-dart frogs are easily noticed on the forest 23.
floor. A) giving up B) looking after
A) Similar to B) As opposed to C) cutting out D) passing through
C) In need of D) Compared to E) taking up
E) Because of

19. Vitamin E is ……… an essential factor in general health 24.

with its anti-aging effects, ……… counteracts cell damage A) from B) with
that may lead to cancer. C) for D) along
A) as / as B) not only / but also E) between
C) the more / the more D) rather / than
E) whether / or

25.
20. A desert is a region ……… the potential evaporation is A) Unless B) until
greater than the average annual precipitation. C) even though D) because
A) when B) that E) when
C) where D) which
E) whose
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

The composition of the air has changed significantly since

the beginning of industrialisation, unfortunately for the 31. Owls have excellent hearing and extremely large ears,
worse. The burning fossil fuels (26) ……… numerous ……….
chemical compounds including sulphur, nitrogen, and A) although these are covered by feathers and not readily
carbon oxides. (27) ……… these compounds are released seen
into the atmosphere, they react with water vapour to B) because they have large eyes located on the front of
create sulphuric acid and nitric acid, which later return to their face
the earth’s surface in the form of acid rain. This results in C) in case their sense of hearing is probably aided by their
large scale forest decline. The reason (28) ………. the trees facial disk
dying is that acid rain directly attacks the leaves and D) even if most owl species are brownish coloured with
needles of the trees, and this prevents photosynthesis from dark streaks
working effectively. In addition, dissolved metals (29) ……… E) so that larger owls tend to eat bigger prey than do
aluminium leak into the ground. Here, they poison bacteria smaller owls
(30) ……… in the soil and damage the fragile root tips;
therefore, trees can no longer effectively take in water and
nutrients.
32. while bacteria are different in some important
respects from all other kind of cells, ……….
A) one of the most important events in history is the
26. discovery that bacteria cause diseases
A) prohibit B) emit B) their basic processes of physiology and genetics are
C) identify D) remove similar as in all forms of life
E) suspend C) they are critically important in the recycling of materials
essential to plants and animals
D) great numbers of bacteria live on human skin surfaces as
well as in the mouth and intestinal tract
E) they are involved in formation of methane gas from
27. sewage and other wastes
A) Once B) Until
C) Unless D) As far as
E) As if
33. whereas aerodynamics is generally concerned with the
flow of air, ………..
A) the study of airflows in heating systems receives much
attention
28. B) the term has been widely linked with the flow of gases
A) on B) to as well
C) with D) for C) energy-efficient vehicles may outnumber traditional
E) from ones soon
D) air conditioning systems may cause severe harm to
human body
E) an example of internal aerodynamics is the flow of air
inside wind tunnels
29.
A) for the sake of B) with the aim of
C) in accordance with D) in favour of
E) such as 34. though glutamine is normally the most prevalent
amino acid in blood, ……….
A) it transports the nitrogen from ammonia to other tissues
for eventual disposal
B) is of utmost importance for animals’ cellular metabolism
30. C) it may be limited in cases of severe trauma such as
A) living B) to live recovery from surgery or severe burns
C) to be living D) live D) it may help maintain the integrity of the small intestine
E) to have lived E) it is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the standard
genetic code
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

35. ……… , mankind has acquired the power to produce 39. A chemical is said to be a poison ………
artificial earthquakes, such as by nuclear weapon testing. A) if it causes some degree of metabolic dysfunction in
A) while our understanding of earthquakes has improved organisms
greatly B) although the words poison and toxin are often used
B) despite detailed mapping of tiny earthquakes interchangeably
C) if earthquakes can be predicted before they occur C) so all that is required for a chemical to cause exposed to
D) because earthquakes have disastrous consequences for potentially toxic substance
human beings D) even if organisms are continuously exposed to
E) although the most devastating earthquakes occur in potentially toxic substances
nature E) because chemicals vary enormously in their acute
toxicity

40. the use of hydraulic power in agriculture has made

possible highly specialised mechanisms to perform
intricate operations; ……….
36. Although brain models are now routinely used as tools A) rather, planting equipment is commonly used for the
for interpreting data and generating hypotheses, ………. planting of raw seed
A) thousands of cortical neurons can be studied efficiently B) moreover, it offers the advantages of being easily
B) these models can help us understand the information controlled and automated
contained in the neurons C) otherwise, sophisticated technology is used to increase
C) brain models can predict the overall health of the brain the precision needed
D) recent evidence suggests that the brain’s cerebellum is D) conversely, the increased mechanisation has resulted
involved in high cognitive functions from economic factors
E) we are still a long way from having explanatory theories E) however, precision has received emphasis in the
of brain function development of machinery

41. The wood of many species of pine trees in used as

timber for construction and furniture; ……….
A) otherwise, several other species of pine are
37. Only 20 per cent out of 174 million tonnes of plastic economically important in modern times
packaging produced globally each year gets recycled, B) in contrast, only one pine species is native to the
………. southern Hemisphere
A) for example, a group of university students have folded C) moreover, they are also used for the manufacture of
black plastic sheets to make reusable take-out containers turpentine, rosin, pulp, and paper
B) and unfortunately, what is not properly disposed of end D) instead, wind or foraging animals generally disperse
up in our environment their seeds into the environment
C) because new packaging materials are being developed E) similarly, pine cones’ economic significance is not as
from prototypes to solve the problem great as that of pines
D) in other words, designers and engineers are thinking
about alternatives to be easily reused and recycled
E) so single-use plastic containers and wrappers protect 42. In his special theory of relativity, published in 1905,
food in transit and extend shelf life Albert Einstein showed that there was nothing that could
travel faster than the speed of light.
A) Albert Einstein'ın 1905'te yayımlanan Özel Görelilik
Kuramına göre ışık hızından daha hızlı gidebilecek hiçbir şey
yoktur.
38. ……… , earlier volcanic deposits had preserved the B) Albert Einstein, 1905'te yayımlanan Özel Görelilik
artefacts of our distant ancestors for millions of years. Kuramında ışık hızından daha hızlı hareket edebilecek hiçbir
A) even if the oldest remains of early man come from şeyin olmadığını gösterdi.
volcanic regions in Africa and Indonesia C) Işık hızından daha hızlı hareket eden başka hiçbir şey
B) just as the city of Pompeii was instantly buried by olmadığını gösteren Özel Görelilik Kuramı, 1905 yılında
volcanic deposits remained almost intact to our day Albert Einstein tarafından yayımlanmıştır.
C) just because volcanic ash has been used for nearly 3000 D) Albert Einstein'in 1905'te yayımladığı Özel Görelilik
years in making cement Kuramı, ışık hızından daha hızlı gidebilecek hiçbir şeyin
D) because paleoanthropologists have begun to unravel the olmadığını gösterdi.
mystery of human origins E) Işık hızından daha hızlı gidebilecek herhangi bir şey
E) as the association of volcanic activity with the oldest olmadığını Albert Einstein'ın 1905'te yayımladığı Özel
fossils of early man is no coincidence Görelilik Kuramı ortaya koydu.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

43. By the 15th century, Korea had the most advanced 45. Robots that mimic humans are limited by current
printing technology, and even ordinary citizens were able technology, and even when systems are successfully built,
to own books while in Europe, the Romans had not even they lack the capacity to adapt to different tasks and
discovered printing. situations.
A) Avrupa'da Romalıların bile matbaayı bulamadığı 15. A) Bugünkü teknoloji tarafından kısıtlanan robotlar,
yüzyıl başları, Kore'nin en gelişmiş matbaa sistemlerin başarılı bir şekilde kurulmaması nedeniyle
teknolojisine sahip olduğu ve sıradan vatandaşların dahi insanları taklit ederken farklı görev ve durumlara uyum
kitap sahibi olabildiği zamanlardı. sağlama kapasitesi geliştirememiştir.
B) Kore'nin 15. yüzyılda en ileri matbaa teknolojisine sahip B) İnsanları taklit eden robotlar, bugünkü teknolojiyle sınırlı
olmasına ve sıradan vatandaşların bile kitap sahibi kalmakta ve sistemler başarılı bir şekilde kurulduğunda bile
olabilmesine rağmen Avrupa'da Romalılar henüz matbaayı farklı görev ve durumlara uyum sağlama kapasitesinden
bulamamışlardı. yoksun olmaktadırlar.
C) 15. yüzyıla gelindiğinde, Avrupa'da Romalılar daha C) İnsanları taklit eden robotlar bugünkü teknoloji
matbaayı bile keşfetmemişken Kore en gelişmiş matbaa tarafından kısıtlandıkları için sistemler başarılı bir şekilde
teknolojisinin sahibiydi ve sıradan vatandaşlar bile kitap kurulsa da farklı görev ve durumlara uyum sağlama
sahibi olabiliyordu. kapasitesine sahip değildir.
D) En gelişmiş matbaa teknolojisine 15. yüzyıla gelindiğinde D) Sistemleri başarılı bir şekilde kurulsa dahi bugünkü
sahip olan Kore'de sıradan vatandaşlar bile kitap sahibi teknoloji, insanları taklit eden robotların farklı görev ve
olabiliyorken Avrupa'da matbaa Romalılar tarafından henüz durumlara uyum sağlama kapasitesini sınırlandırmaktadır.
bulunamamıştı. E) İnsanları taklit eden robotların farklı görev ve
E) 15. yüzyılda Kore'nin en ileri matbaa teknolojisine sahip durumlara uyum sağlama kapasitesinden yoksun olması,
olduğu ve sıradan vatandaşların dahi kitap sahibi olabildiği sistemler başarılı bir şekilde kurulmuş olsa da bugünkü
esnada Avrupa'daki Romalılar tarafından matbaa bile teknolojinin yetersizliği nedeniyledir.
keşfedilememişti.

44. Every year the world loses an area of rainforest half 46. Though climate is the main factor in the formation of
the size of England, and it is estimated that 50 to 90 per permafrost, the characteristics of the frozen layer are
cent of that loss is due to illegal logging. vastly dependent on temperatures at the ground surface.
A) Yüzde 50 ila 90 arasında değişen yasa dışı ağaç kesiminin A) Tiyal tabakasının oluşumunda, iklim kadar, büyük ölçüde
dünyanın her yıl İngiltere'nin yarısı büyüklüğünde bir zemin yüzey sıcaklıklarına bağlı olarak
yağmur ormanı alanını nitelendirilen donmuş katman da temel bir etkendir. B)
kaybetmesine neden olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. B) Her yıl Nitelikleri, büyük ölçüde zemin yüzey sıcaklıklarına bağlı
dünyada İngiltere'nin yarısı büyüklüğünde bir yağmur olan donmuş katmanın aksine, tiyal tabakası oluşumunda
ormanı alanının kaybedilmesinde yüzde 50 ila 90 arası yasa iklim temel rol oynar.
dışı ağaç kesiminin etkili olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. C) Tiyal tabakası oluşumunda temel etken olan iklim,
C) Her yıl dünya, İngiltere'nin yarısı büyüklüğünde bir niteliklerini büyük ölçüde zemin yüzey sıcaklıklarının
yağmur ormanı alanını kaybetmekte ve bu kaybın yüzde 50 belirlediği donmuş katmanı da etkiler.
ila 90'ının yasa dışı ağaç kesimi sebebiyle olduğu tahmin D) Her ne kadar iklim, tiyal tabakasının oluşumunda temel
edilmektedir. etken olsa da donmuş katmanın nitelikleri büyük ölçüde
D) Dünyanın her yıl İngiltere'nin yarısı büyüklüğünde bir zemin yüzey sıcaklıklarına bağlıdır.
yağmur ormanı alanını kaybetmesine yüzde 50 ila 90 E) Zemin yüzey sıcaklıklarının, donmuş katmanın
oranında yasa dışı ağaç kesiminin neden olduğu tahmin niteliklerini büyük ölçüde etkilemesi gibi, iklim de tiyal
edilmektedir. tabakasının oluşumunda temel etkendir.
E) Her yıl dünyanın, İngiltere'nin yarısı büyüklüğünde bir
yağmur ormanı alanını kaybettiği ve bu kaybın yüzde 50 ila
90'lık bölümünün yasa dışı ağaç kesimi sebebiyle olduğu
tahmin edilmektedir.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

47. In 1687, Isaac Newton published a law of gravitation 49. Dünya çapında, insan faaliyetlerinin çoğunun dünyanın
that connected the force of gravity between two objects iklimini etkileyebilecek düzeye kadar atmosferi
to their masses and the distance between them. değiştiriyor olabileceğine dair artan bir endişe vardır.
A) Isaac Newton'un 1687'de yayımlanan yer çekimi kanunu A) There is a growing worldwide concern that the earth's
iki nesne arasındaki yer çekimi kuvvetini onların kütlelerine climate may be affected as so many human activities may
ve aralarındaki mesafeye bağlar. be altering the atmosphere to a point.
B) Isaac Newton'un 1687'de yayımladığı yer çekimi kanunu, B) That many of the human activities may be altering the
iki nesne arasındaki yer çekimi kuvvetini onların kütleleri ve atmosphere to a certain point is a growing concern and this
aralarındaki mesafeyle ilişkilendirmiştir. may affect the earth's climate globally.
C) Isaac Newton'un 1687'de yayımladığı bir yer çekimi C) The point to which many of the human activities may be
kanununa göre iki nesne arasındaki yer çekimi kuvveti affecting the earth's climate by altering the
onların kütleleri ve aralarındaki mesafeye bağlıdır. atmosphere is causing a growing concern worldwide.
D) 1687'de Isaac Newton tarafından yayımlanan yer çekimi D) There is a globally growing concern about the
kanunu, iki nesne arasındaki yer çekimi kuvvetini bu possibility of most of the human activities' altering the
nesnelerin kütlelerine ve aralarındaki mesafeye bağlar. atmosphere, which may affect the earth's climate.
E) 1687'de Isaac Newton, iki nesne arasındaki yer çekimi E) Worldwide, there is a growing concern that many of the
kuvvetini onların kütlelerine ve aralarındaki mesafeye human activities may be altering the atmosphere to the
bağlayan bir yer çekimi kanunu yayımladı. point that it may affect the earth's climate.

48. Yapay zeka şu anda Birleşik Krallık'ın güneş enerjisi 50. Çevreyi korumak adına, evleri dekore ederken havaya
üretimi tahminlerini daha doğru yapabilmek için zararlı bileşikler salan geleneksel boyalar yerine çevre
kullanılmaktadır ki bu, tüketiciler için enerji faturalarını dostu boyalar tercih edilmelidir.
düşürebilir. A) It is of utmost importance to prefer eco-friendly paints
A) Artificial intelligence is currently used to make more rather than conventional ones to save the environment as
accurate forecasts for solar power generation in the United the latter release harmful compounds into the air while
Kingdom to be able to lower the energy bills for decorating houses.
consumers. B) To protect the environment, eco-friendly paints should
B) The United Kingdom is now making use of artificial be preferred instead of conventional paints that
intelligence to forecast solar power generation more emit harmful compounds into the air while decorating
accurately; thus, energy bills for consumers can be houses.
lowered. C) Although conventional paints producing harmful
C) To be able to lower the energy bills of consumers, the compounds are widely used while decorating houses, eco-
United Kingdom is currently using artificial intelligence in friendly paints must be chosen to protect the environment.
forecasting solar power generation which can be more D) Instead of using conventional paints that emit harmful
accurate. compounds into the air, eco-friendly paints can be
D) Artificial intelligence is currently being used to make the purchased while decorating houses in order to protect the
United Kingdom's forecasts for solar power generation environment.
more accurate, which could lower energy bills for E) In order to protect the environment, eco-friendly paints
consumers. must be chosen in decorating houses since
E) Artificial intelligence that can make more accurate conventional paints are known to emit harmful compounds
forecasts as well as lower energy bills for consumers is into the air.
currently being used for solar power generation in the
United Kingdom.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

51. Triyasik Dönem'de yaşamış en eski dinozorların diğer 54. Photochemical smog refers to poor air quality caused
sürüngenlerinkinden çok da farklı olmayan küçük ve by a mixture of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic
oldukça ilkel beyinleri vardı. compounds (VOCs). Photochemical smog is associated
A) The oldest dinosaurs, which lived during the Triassic with high air pressure. This is because winds in a high
Period, had small and fairly primitive brains that were not pressure system are usually weak. Hence, pollutants
too different from those of other reptiles. remain in the area and are not dispersed. Poor air quality
B) The oldest dinosaurs of the Triassic Period were often persists for many days because stable high pressure
characterised by their tiny and quite primitive brains which conditions generally prevail for a few days. …….. In
were very similar to those of other reptiles. monsoonal areas, on the other hand, smog occurs in the
C) The oldest dinosaurs lived during the Triassic Period and dry season.
they had the tiniest and really primitive brains that were A) However, the chemical reactions between VOCs
not very different from those of other reptiles. nitrogen oxides and sunlight can produce ground-level
D) The dinosaurs of the Triassic Period, which were the ozone.
oldest, had small and quite primitive brains that made B) Ozone formation may take a number of hours, by which
them similar to other reptiles. time the polluted air has drifted into surrounding suburban
E) The oldest dinosaurs living in the Triassic Period were and rural areas.
identified with their small and fairly primitive brains which C) In some climates, notably Mediterranean climates, these
were not quite different from those of other reptiles. conditions persist all season; therefore, poor air quality can
remain for months.
D) Conversely, winter smogs are associated with
52. Kıyı bölgelerinde yaşayan 100 milyonun üzerinde temperature inversions and high levels of pollutants due to
insanı tehdit eden deniz seviyelerindeki artış, küresel increased heating of industries.
ısınmanın en endişe verici sonuçlarından biridir. E) Cloud formation and precipitation are created by the
A) Threatening over 100 million people living in coastal upward air movement.
areas, the rise in sea levels is one of the most worrying
consequences of global warming.
B) The rise in sea levels is thought to be one of the most
worrying consequences of global warming, threatening
over 100 million people in coastal areas.
C) Over 100 million people live in coastal areas and they are
seriously threatened by the rise in sea levels, which is one
of the most worrying consequences of global warming.
D) Coastal areas host over 100 million people who are 55. Lake Toba is in the middle of Northern Sumatra. It is
seriously threatened by the rise in sea levels, which is one known as a caldera, the technical term for the crater
of the most worrying consequences of global warming. formed by a volcanic eruption. The size of the lake can be
E) The rise in sea levels, which seems to be one of the most
attributed to Toba's eruption, which was the largest that
worrying consequences of global warming, threatens over
has occurred, anywhere on earth, within the past two
100 million people who live in coastal areas.
million years. About 74,000 years ago a high volcanic
mountain that stood on the area, now occupied by Lake
Toba, erupted and blew skyward a mass of ash and
53. Mimarideki etkisini günümüze kadar sürdürmüş olan volcanic debris. The entire subcontinent of India was
Antik Yunan mimarisi, ince sadeliği ile bir tarz ve uyum covered with ash …….. During that time, throughout the
harikasıdır.
world, millions of all forms of life died and thousands of
A) Ancient Greek architecture which was a miracle of style
and harmony persists its influence in architecture even species vanished.
today with an elegant simplicity. A) All around the globe, sunshine was reduced and
B) Ancient Greek architecture whose influence in temperatures dropped by about 3 degrees.
architecture has persisted to present day is a miracle of B) It is a big lake, eighteen by sixty miles in extent
style and harmony with its elegant simplicity. and as deep as five thousand feet in places.
C) Architecture of today is persistently influenced by the C) There are many locations around the world where
Ancient Greek architecture due to its miraculous style,
geologists have identified these super volcanoes.
harmony and elegant simplicity.
D) Miraculous style and harmony of Ancient Greek D) Studies have recently showed that eruptions
architecture whose influence has persisted in architecture bigger than Toba might have occurred with more
to present day has an elegant simplicity. tragic consequences.
E) Ancient Greek architecture persistently influences the E) Otherwise, in Yellowstone National Park, there
architecture of our present day with its miraculous style, was an eruption about 640,000 years ago.
harmony and elegant simplicity.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

56. Numerous wild almond species are found in

58. It is estimated that if all the water on Earth were
the mountainous and desert regions extending
spread evenly over the planet, the resulting layer of
from south western Europe to Afghanistan,
water would be almost 3 kilometres thick ------- It is
Turkistan, and western China, sometimes
stored mainly in the oceans, which hold about 97.2
occurring as extensive forests. The cultivated
per cent of all the water in the world. Of the
almond species apparently originated in central
remaining 2.8 per cent, it is found in ice sheets,
Asia from hybridisation among native species
glaciers, saltwater lakes, rivers, the atmosphere and
followed by local seedling selection by native
so on. Humans use less than 1 per cent of all the
peoples ……… From there seeds were used to
water on the planet - mostly from groundwater,
introduce the crop to other parts of the world,
lakes, and rivers - some of which returns to the
including the United States, Australia, South
atmosphere and falls as rainwater, but much of
Africa, and South America.
which is not renewed.
A) Traditional culture in European and Asian
A) In contrast, precipitation barely contributes to the
areas is largely restricted to hillsides as almond
overall amount of water.
trees can withstand considerable drought
B) However, the distribution of water is far from
B) The almond is the flat pale sweet nut of the
being even in reality.
almond tree used in cooking and to make almond
C) Similarly, much of the water reaching the surface
oil.
evaporates back into the atmosphere.
C) Its cultivation, however, spread with civilisation
D) Therefore, many people separate clean water
along the shores of the Mediterranean Sea into
sources from hydrologic cycles.
North Africa and to Italy, Spain, southern France,
E) For example, places such as glacial deposits have
and Portugal.
more underground water than others.
D) Italy has historically been a leading producer,
primarily from the Bari and Sicily areas, but
production has declined sharply.
E) In some less developed parts of the world,
almonds are knocked to the ground by poles.

57. The expansion of our universe is much like the 59. Questions about the biology of aging and the average
inflation of a balloon. The microwave background longevity of populations have always been of great
radiation fills our universe and defines a reference fascination to scientists. The ongoing research of
frame, analogous to the rubber (the surface) of an gerontologists from a broad range of scientific disciplines
inflating balloon, with respect to which motion can has, in the early twenty-first century, produced a more
be measured. The distances to remote galaxies are complete understanding of the underlying biological
increasing, and astronomers casually say that forces that contribute to aging and the duration of life
distant galaxies are 'receding' or 'moving away' ……… Such advances have led some to believe it is only a
from us ……… Instead the space between the matter of time before the same will be done for humans.
galaxies and us is expanding. Individual galaxies A) Therefore, advances in the biomedical sciences may
move around at random within clusters, but the proceed at a faster pace than in recent decades.
clusters of galaxies are essentially 'at rest'. B) Moreover, scientists have succeeded in
A) However, the galaxies are not travelling through experimentally extending the lifespan of several non-
space away from us. human organisms.
B) This is because galaxies are not fragments of a big bang C) Advances in the biomedical sciences may well make
bomb. immortality a realistic goal for the twenty-first century.
C) Yet, the universe does not seem to have an edge or a D) On the other hand, there is not enough evidence to
centre or an outside. support the claims of anticipated dramatic increases in
D) The formation of all galaxies and planets has depended human life expectancy.
on the expansion. E) In its simplest form, aging may be thought of as the
E) That is, most scientists think they understand it, but few accumulation of random damage to the building blocks of
agree on what it really means. life.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

60. (I) Self-sufficiency is a way of life where you 63. (I) When a freshly cut piece of lead metal is exposed
endeavour to produce all you need from the to the air, it quickly reacts with oxygen to form a thin
esources that are available to you. (II) Accordingly, outer layer of lead oxide. (II) This prevents further
reaction between the metal and oxygen and other
there is an expectation that energy and food prices
constituents of the air. (III) Metallic lead is used in a pure
are about to increase as resources become scarcer. or nearly pure form, usually because of its high density
(III) In the past, such a lifestyle was essential for and ability to be bent and shaped. (IV) A similar
subsistence farmers; the communication phenomenon occurs when the metal is placed into water.
infrastructures did not exist and people had to live (V) Compounds present in water react with lead to form
on what they could obtain within a few miles of an outer skin of lead carbonate, lead silicate, or similar
their homes. (IV) Communities formed where compounds that protect the metal from further
interaction.
natural resources were concentrated and people
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
traded their skills and produced to ensure
everyone had all they needed to live. (V) It was
often a matter of trying to survive rather than
having a good quality of life.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

64. (I) Between Scotland, Greenland and the eastern

61. (I) While animal experimentation might be
coast of Canada, an array of underwater sensors
thought of as a modern practice, humans have been
stretches for more than 3,000 kilometres. (II) The
learning from animals since prehistory. (II) With the
oceans are the biggest, wildest and least understood
rise of biotechnology, the scientific use of animals
part of the planet. (III) We are getting to know them
has dramatically increased, and now, biomedical
better every day, thanks to a host of technologies that
research involves the use of several million animal
are measuring the depths in new inventive ways.
subjects, mostly rodents, each year. (III) Early human
(IV) Some researchers are rigging the oceans with novel
hunters' knowledge of the natural world was likely
devices, or probing them with algorithms, while others
formed by their awareness of the life cycles and
are capturing things from the sea and transporting them
migration patterns of prey species. (IV) Prehistoric
into the lab to study in detail. (V) Together, these
understanding of anatomy and physiology was no
approaches are offering brand new insights into the
doubt the by-product of butchering animals for food.
underwater world, at a time when it has never been
(V) Furthermore, in classical antiquity, scientifically
more important to decipher the inner workings of the
sophisticated knowledge of animal physiology
oceans.
emerged, indicating that the dissection of animals
for the purpose of gaining such knowledge had A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
begun.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

62. (I) As humanity discovers more about genetics, some 65. (I) To make sense of earth’s immensely long past,
fascinating (and scary) options begin to present scientists divide it up into different stages. (II) The longest
themselves. (II) In addition to curing diseases with this new of these stages are called eras. (III) During the
information, scientists may also soon discover the genes Carboniferous Period, immense forests were home to the
for height, physical beauty, increased memory, and maybe earliest flying insects. (IV) Eras are split into periods, and
even musical ability. (III) Further down the line, they may periods are sometimes divided into shorter stages called
be able to manipulate these genes, opening the door to epochs. (V) During each stage, living things changed, and
enhancing these abilities and traits in children. (IV) It is not they left behind fossils when they died.
difficult to see why tailoring genes is much different from A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
selecting a really good school. (V) They may even discover
how to give kids new abilities altogether.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

Elephants have a small mouth and a large, mobile tongue The structure of a planet's atmosphere depends on a
which cannot extend past the short lower lip. Contributing number of factors. One is proximity to the Sun. Those
to the elephant's unique appearance is its long, flexible planets closest to the Sun are less likely to contain lighter
trunk, which is a fusion and elongation of the nose and gases that are driven off by the Sun's radiant energy.
upper lip. The trunk, with no bones and more than 100,000 Mercury illustrates this principle. It is so close to the Sun
muscles, is so strong and flexible that it can coil like a snake that it has essentially no atmosphere. The major gases
around a tree and uproot it. At the end of this mighty found in this planet's very thin atmosphere are helium and
'limb', which trails on the ground unless curled up at the sodium, both of which are probably remnants of the Sun's
end, are two nostrils and flexible finger-like projections. solar wind rather than intrinsic parts of the planet's own
The tip is so sensitive and functional that it can wipe a grain structure. Some astronomers believe that contributions
of sand from the elephant's eye and detect delicate scents come from gases seeping out from the planet's interior.
blowing in the breeze. Using this remarkable appendage, Another property determining the nature of a planet's
an elephant can feed by plucking grass from the ground, or atmosphere is cloud cover. It has a variety of sometimes
leaves from a tree, placing it in its mouth. Water drawn up contradictory effects on a planet's atmosphere. As sunlight
the trunk may be squirted into the mouth for drinking, or reaches the planet, clouds will reflect some portion of that
sprayed over the body for bathing and cooling. Loud sunlight back into space. The amount that is reflected
trumpeting sounds and soft, affectionate murmurs can depends partly on the composition of clouds, with whiter,
echo through the trunk. The trunk is also used to tenderly brighter clouds reflecting more light than darker clouds.
discipline, caress, and guide offspring, to fight off Some of the light that does pass through clouds is absorbed
predators, and to push over trees during feeding. The trunk by gases in the planet's atmosphere, and the rest reaches
is clearly an essential organ. It is also sometimes the object the planet's surface.
of attack by an enemy, and damage to it causes extreme
pain and can lead to death.

66. According to the passage, which of the following 69. According to the passage, the structure of a planet's
statements is true? atmosphere ……… .
A) Its long trunk may limit the elephant's flexibility from A) is mainly reformed by the proximity to the Sun
time to time. B) can be determined by the cloud cover
B) New-born elephants can effectively use their trunks to C) depends largely on the Sun's radiant energy
protect themselves. D) can change the composition of clouds
C) Elephants use their trunk for various tasks from rubbing E) takes a long time to be formed
their skin to sharpen their tusk.
D) The elephant is quite skilful with the trunk as it can pick
out a grain of sand from its eye.
E) Elephants constantly check their territory by smelling the
air via the trunk, keeping it safe from predators. 70. It is clearly stated in the passage that Mercury's
atmosphere ……… .
67. According to the passage, an elephant's trunk …….. .
A) is the thinnest one compared to other planets
A) is much longer in female elephants compared to male
B) contains only two gases - helium and sodium
ones
C) has only the gases seeping out from its interior
B) has many functions like uprooting trees and plucking
D) is mainly formed by external sources
grass but damage to it may prove fatal
E) is considerably affected by intrinsic elements
C) can regrow if somehow lost, due to its unique
regenerative ability
D) varies in length according to the animal's origins,
environment and age
E) is almost always an object of attack by an enemy
71. The passage mainly focuses on ……… .
because it is soft and delicate
A) the contradictory effects of cloud cover on the nature of
68. What is the passage mainly about? atmosphere
A) Reasons why elephants are too sensitive B) the reasons why Mercury is different from other planets
B) Various functions an elephant's trunk has C) the negative effects of the Sun's energy on Mercury's
C) Survival techniques used by elephants in nature atmosphere
D) The general anatomy of elephants D) the consequences of light absorption on Mercury's
E) The differences between the male and female elephants interior structure
E) the factors impacting the structure of a planet's
atmosphere
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

Lake Baikal, located in Siberia in the middle of Asia, is both NASA has recently conducted a study on astronauts who
the oldest and deepest lake in the world. It contains one- are identical twins to observe changes in the body of
fifth of all the unfrozen freshwater in the world. Because of astronauts during spaceflights. As a part of this study, an
its distance from other water bodies, at least 1200 different astronaut named Scott Kelly spent a year in space. When
animal species have evolved in it and at least 80 per cent of he returned, it must have really annoyed his identical twin
these species are only found in Lake Baikal. One of the brother – retired astronaut Mark Kelly – that Scott was five
most interesting animals in the lake is a seal called the centimetres taller than when he left. However, Scott's
nerpa. It is the only mammal that inhabits the lake. The temporary increase in height was not the only thing that
most numerous animal in Lake Baikal is the Baikal changed during his trip. While Scott was in space, Mark
crustacean. It is extremely small, about the size of a grain went about his daily life on Earth. During the year-long
of rice. It feeds on microscopic algae and bacteria by mission, researchers tracked biological markers in both
filtering water. The total flow of water through the mouths brothers to pinpoint any changes. Because the twins share
of these tiny animals is equivalent to ten times the flow of the same genetic code, researchers reasoned that any
all the rivers that enter Lake Baikal each year. The work of observed differences could tentatively be linked to Scott's
these small animals is credited with keeping the lake so time aboard the International Space Station. The results of
clear. One of the most interesting fish in Lake Baikal is the NASA's Twins Study, show that living in a microgravity
oil fish. They are relatively small and transparent. About 35 environment can damage DNA, change the way thousands
per cent of their body weight is made up of an oil that is a of genes are expressed, increase the length of the
very pure form of vitamin A. The fish is used to treat many telomeres that protect our genetic code, thicken artery
diseases, such as arthritis, and to soothe wounds that walls, modify the microbiome, and increase inflammation -
would not heal. just to name a few effects. Fortunately for astronauts, the
vast majority of these changes seem to disappear within a
few short months of returning to Earth.

72. According to the passage, which of the following is 75. According to the passage, ……….
true about Lake Baikal? A) researchers began tracking biological markers once Scott
A) It has a variety of endemic species due to its location. Kelly ended his spaceflight
B) Most of the species living in it are found at deep levels. B) Mark Kelly needed to make changes in his daily routine
C) Its area covers nearly a quarter of the total water bodies when Scott was on a spaceflight
of seas. C) Mark Kelly volunteered for the study since he would
D) Despite of its magnitude, it is not a suitable habitat for have the chance to help his brother
sea mammals. D) NASA's Twins Study has not yielded any important
E) It hosts a type of seal that can rarely be seen in lakes in findings at all
general. E) NASA observed Scott and Mark Kelly for a year to see
any biological changes in their body
76. One can understand from the passage that ……….
A) spaceflights might cause some serious side effects that
73. It is clear from the passage that ……….
interfere with the overall health of astronauts
A) the Baikal crustacean is the smallest living organism that
B) NASA observed the twin brothers in the same
can be seen in Lake Baikal
environment
B) lake Baikal's mammal diversity outnumbers other
C) physical change in the height of Scott was the only
species in total
change he experienced during his spaceflight
C) lake Baikal is the home of nearly 80 per cent of 1200
D) all health problems associated with space missions will
animals that can be seen in Siberia
disappear right after the missions have ended
D) bacteria and algae are the main sources of nutrition for
E) the DNA of the astronauts usually remains unaffected no
animal species in the lake
matter how much time they spend in space
E) in search of nutrients, the Baikal crustacean
inadvertently cleans the lake 77. One can conclude from the passage that NASA ----.
A) is interested in identical twins as test subjects since they
spent the same amount of time in space
B) has selected identical twin astronauts for the study
74. According to the passage, the oil fish ………. because of their unusual genetic codes
A) feeds on microscopic algae and bacteria C) has ruled out the theory that microgravity manipulates
B) cannot be prey for sea creatures thanks to its thick skin the genes
C) can be used for various medicinal purposes D) discovered most changes that astronauts experienced in
D) synthesises about 35 per cent of vitamin A in their body a microgravity setting are likely to vanish after their return
E) contains an oil that is essential for storing vitamin A E) focused on how to reverse serious side effects of
spaceflights just after returning to Earth
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

In an aquarium at the University of Nottingham, England, a

small fish has surprised biologists. The fish, a female
stickleback, became pregnant with her eggs that developed
embryos while they were still inside her, something totally
contrary to sticklebacks' normal way of reproducing. Like
almost all other fish, the female should lay her eggs and the
male then fertilise them with his sperm. The scientists
discovered the fish's extraordinary condition in connection
with another research project, in which they studied
stickleback eggs. Whereas the embryos in the eggs were
healthy and viable, their mother, nicknamed Maria, was
swollen and close to death. The scientists put her to sleep,
subsequently extracting the eggs with the embryos, only 56
of which survived until adulthood. The scientists initially
believed that Maria had cloned herself, but DNA studies
showed that the offspring had two parents, so the eggs
must have been fertilised. One explanation could be that
Maria passed through a place where another female's eggs
had already been fertilised, with some of that male's
sperms ending up in Maria's oviducts.

78. According to the passage, biologists were surprised

because ……….
A) they came across a case which is contrary to the way
reproduction traditionally occurs in a stickleback fish
B) 56 of the fertilised eggs of a stickleback fish survived for
the first time in a research project
C) the eggs of a stickleback fish were fertilised in an
aquarium where there were no male stickleback fish
D) stickleback fish in the aquarium at Nottingham
University became pregnant although she was injured
E) the embryos extracted from the stickleback fish which
was swollen were still healthy and viable

79. It is understood from the passage that Maria ……….

A) displayed an extraordinary way of fertilisation
B) was put to sleep in order to be fertilised healthily
C) delivered all of her offspring in good health
D) laid eggs although she was far too swollen
E) was definitely successful in cloning herself

80. The passage is mainly about ……….

A) the unexpected case of Maria's fertilised eggs
B) the reproduction process of the stickleback fish
C) DNA studies of the eggs extracted from Maria
D) the survival of the 56 embryos of a stickleback fish
E) a comparison of two projects conducted on stickleback
fish
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL FEN CEVAP

ANAHTARI
1 D 21 C 41 C 61 B
2 B 22 A 42 B 62 D
3 C 23 D 43 C 63 C
4 C 24 C 44 C 64 A
5 C 25 E 45 B 65 C
6 B 26 B 46 D 66 D
7 B 27 A 47 E 67 B
8 B 28 D 48 D 68 B
9 C 29 E 49 E 69 B
10 A 30 A 50 B 70 D
11 B 31 A 51 A 71 E
12 B 32 B 52 A 72 A
13 D 33 B 53 B 73 E
14 C 34 C 54 C 74 C
15 D 35 E 55 A 75 E
16 B 36 E 56 C 76 A
17 A 37 B 57 A 77 D
18 E 38 B 58 B 78 A
19 B 39 A 59 B 79 A
20 C 40 B 60 B 80 A
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

1-20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere 4. Some people immigrate to other countries as
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. they look for a more desirable place to live,
while others ----- move to a foreign land in order
to serve as diplomats or military personnel.
1. In addition to psychologists, many scholars
like philosophers and religious leaders try to A) excessively
provide ----- for human behaviour and solve
social problems. B) temporarily

A) explanations C) implicitly

B) complaints D) severely

C) accusations E) broadly

D) invasions

E) conflicts 5. The invention of the printing press by the

German Johannes Gutenberg was one of the
most influential events in the second
millennium that ---- the way in which people
2. Ensuring sufficient food supplies for everyone
described the world they live in.
on the planet is one of the most basic ---- facing
the human society. A) implemented

A) penalties B) prevented

B) challenges C) concealed

C) attributes D) revolutionised

D) extensions E) eliminated

E) descriptions

6. To measure emotional intelligence,

psychologists use several tests that generally ----
3. The Rosetta Stone, found in 1799 with writing
three categories as self-report tests, 360-degree
in three different languages on it, has been
assessments, and performance assessments.
highly ---- in helping linguists understand the
use of language in ancient Egypt. A) bring out

A) crucial B) call off

B) deniable C) go through

C) redundant D) fall into

D) ambiguous E) turn down

E) variable

1
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

7. New dating of a skull originally dubbed 10. Tanzania is composed of numerous ethnic
Mongolanthropus ---- that it is 8,000 years older groups each ----- its own language, and thanks
than once thought, and actually ----- to a to this diversity, the country has over 130 living
modern human. languages but successfully adopted a single
African language, Swahili, as a tool -----
A) reveals / has belonged
maintaining national unity.
B) had revealed / belongs
A) in / toward
C) will reveal / would belong
B) with / for
D) has revealed / belonged
C) over / by
E) is revealing / had belonged
D) at/through

E) from / about

8. Tea ----- an expensive luxury in Britain, so

11. The Pythagoreans were ----- the first thinkers
expensive that it was kept under lock, until the
to contemplate an Earth not ----- the centre of
19th century when large quantities ----- from
everything.
India and Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka).
A) among / at
A) has been / had been imported
B) along / over
B) would have been / were being imported
C) for/on
C) used to be / should have been imported
D) from / off
D) had been / might have been imported
E) with / through
E) was / were imported

12. ----- old people in Western technological

9. Living with gratitude enhances our health,
societies tend to lose social status and
and although it is believed to be a universal
experience some isolation from the community
capacity that lies ----- each of us, we understand
of young people, old people in many traditional
and express it best ----- our actions.
societies remain very much integrated within
A) across/from family and community.

B) upon / by A) Because

C) at / toward B) Unless

D) within / through C) While

E) beyond / for D) Only if

E) Once

2
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

13. School-related characteristics do not add 16. The employment of children came to be
much to the explanation of the educational questioned only at the turn of the 19th century
achievement ----- having qualified teachers in ---- those who dominated society and politics
sufficient numbers and well-equipped schools began to recognise the importance of protecting
may positively influence the outcome. and educating children.

A) after A) if

B) in case B) as

C) given that C) in order that

D) although D) even though

E) as if E) whereas

14. Women account for over half of the global 17. Almost from the day they are born, infants
agricultural workforce; -----, they are often are happiest if they can eat, sleep, and excrete
overlooked in international labour statistics. according to their own physiological schedules, -
---- whether their schedules are convenient for
A) in other words
the caregiver.
B) as a result
A) prior to
C) however
B) in need of
D) otherwise
C) due to
E) for instance
D) on behalf of

E) regardless of

15. The ideal size of discussion groups is often

considered to be four to six members, a number
large enough to ensure some diversity in 18. ----- festivals in other cultures where theatre
member resources but small enough ----- was judged and prizes were awarded, the
everyone can participate. Egyptians saw theatre more as a necessity and
not worth extreme appreciation.
A) unless
A) Owing to
B) so that
B) Unlike
C) whether
C) With the help of
D) although
D) As a consequence of
E) even if
E) In terms of

3
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

19. The history of libraries since the 20. Given that most high-density cities such as
Enlightenment includes ----- the increase in the Hong Kong do not come with large areas of
number of national, private, and university unused hinterland -----food could be thrown, it
libraries, ----- the extension of access to libraries is vital to ensure the continuous supply of basic
by the broader citizenry. food needs for such cities from elsewhere.

A) no sooner / than A) where

B) not only / but also B) how

C) whether / or C) whose

D) the more / the less D) which

E) as / as E) that

4
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

21-25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 23.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) instead of

B) with the aim of

Cultural anthropology emerged as an area of C) except for
study following the era of European exploration.
Sir Edward Burnett Tylor, one of the founders of D) such as
anthropology, defined culture as “that complex
E) in terms of
whole which includes knowledge, belief, art,
morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities
and habits (21) ----- as a member of society”. It is
the holistic emphasis of cultural anthropology
that distinguishes it most clearly (22) ----- other
related disciplines. For example, an
anthropologist may focus his or her research on a 24.
particular dimension of culture, but that
A) violate
dimension will also be described (23) ----- its
relationship to the 'complex whole' of the local B) resolve
culture. Anthropologists generally describe
culture as a set of interacting systems that C) preserve
(24) ----- cultural practices through generations.
D) interrupt
These systems include kinship systems, religious
or belief systems, economic systems, and E) restrict
political systems. (25) ----- some of these systems
may ultimately encompass global dimensions,
cultural anthropologists are primarily concerned
with the impact of each of these systems at the
local level, in the day-to-day experiences of
communities.
25.
21.
A) Because
A) having acquired
B) As long as
B) to have acquired
C) Although
C) acquiring
D) Just as
D) to have been acquired
E) Supposing that
E) acquired

22.

A) in

B) from

C) on

D) by

E) at

5
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

26-30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 28.

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da
A) apart from
ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) in pursuit of
Anger is one of the most basic emotions, along
with fear, grief, pain, and joy. It is usually caused C) rather than
by the frustration of attempts (26) ----- a goal, or
D) similar to
by hostile or disturbing actions. The sources of
anger are different for people at different E) due to
periods in their lives. (27) -----, the most common
cause of anger in infants is restraint of activity.
Children commonly become angry (28) -----
restrictive rules or demands, lack of attention, or
failure to accomplish a task. As children reach
adolescence and adulthood, the primary sources
of anger shift from physical constraints and 29.
frustrations to social ones. In adults, the basis of A) achieves
anger (29) ----- disapproval, exploitation,
manipulation, and humiliation. Also, the B) includes
responses to it become less physical and more
C) delays
social (30) ----- age.
D) explores

E) receives
26.

A) being attained

B) attaining

C) to have attained
30.
D) to attain
A) with
E) having attained
B) for

C) in
27.
D) on
A) For instance
E) about
B) Otherwise

C) On the contrary

D) Instead

E) In conclusion

6
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

31-41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 33. Since memory and memory formation
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. cannot be observed directly, -----.

A) every mental process involves some aspects of

31. -----; however, this stereotype is one type of memory
desert and does not reflect the nature of
Antarctica, which is thoroughly covered in ice. B) memory processes take an active role in what
and how information is remembered
A) The combination of extreme heat and severe
dryness presents extraordinary challenges for C) memory refers to the mental systems and
water in desert-dwelling animals processes involved in storing and recalling
information
B) Deserts are often associated in the public
image with a non-vegetated landscape D) sensory memory notes or registers sensory
dominated by sand dunes stimuli as they are experienced

C) It is useful to point out that the word 'desert' E) a wide, and often conflicting, variety of models
derives from the Latin desertum whose meaning have been put forth to have a general
has changed over time understanding of memory

D) Types of deserts vary according to the flora

and fauna they host that can show distinctions in 34. -----, it is no surprise that the power of music
their surroundings has been employed to create feelings of
E) Deserts, by their nature, are largely unsuited calmness and serenity.
for intensive agriculture or permanent human A) Because it is an integral part of everyday life
settlement and is a medium that engages mind and body

B) While most cultures use music to enhance

32. Given that most parents and many teachers every collective activity and ceremony
do not have a broad statistical background, -----. C) Despite events aimed at equipping individuals
A) a student's ability to perform well in school is with mutual support through music
affected by a combination of several factors D) Although music has been an essential
B) relationship with parents is one of the component of expressive culture worldwide and
determinants of student performance a source of public enjoyment

C) it allows teachers to develop the most E) Seeing that of the many musical styles
appropriate educational assessment goals for prevalent in the 1960s, only 'folk music'
their students protested radical discrimination and supported
civil rights
D) it is important that student performance
assessment results should be explained in terms
that can be understood by everyone

E) a better understanding of the student's

strengths, weaknesses, and processing abilities
can be gained as a result of this process

7
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

35. Although most people believe that one can 37. The railroad displaced the horse-drawn
learn a second language (L2) proficiently only carriage as the preferred mode of passenger
early in life, ----. travel as early as the 1840s -----.

A) the major positive consequence of A) but it was the first mode of land transport
bilingualism is being able to converse with a capable of outpacing the horse and camel
larger array of individuals
B) if building longer railroads connecting inland
B) older learners can achieve high, even native- regions and ports had not been costly
like levels of proficiency in an L2 under the right
C) given that most of Africa's and Asia s early
conditions
railroads were built with European capital and
C) speaking other languages has economic know-how
advantages as bilinguals are in demand in the
D) because it provided a faster, safer, and more
new global economy
comfortable ride in all weather conditions
D) grammatical differences between native
E) although it achieved a near monopoly on the
language and L2 do not always result in low
movement of people and goods in all the major
levels of proficiency in L2
industrial countries
E) for children in language-minority communities
maintaining their ancestral language helps them
retain their ethnic identity

36. While cognitive deficits and learning 38. In the Macedonian Empire, which emerged
disabilities are common in children With during the 4th century BCE, Greek identity was
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the dominant ethnicity -----.
-----.
A) whereas Macedonian language was in fact a
A) infants with ADHD are difficult to care for due form of Greek language
to excessive crying
B) because the Greek character of the ancient
B) they are less well documented in adolescents Macedonia is disputed among scholars
and adults
C) although the Macedonian monarchy was weak
C) ADHD has been considered to be a disorder of during most of its early history
childhood
D) even though Greeks made up less than 10
D) children with ADHD tend to have lower grades percent of the population
at school
E) given that Greek literature contains little
E) affected patients typically exhibit difficulty in evidence concerning the Macedonian Empire
concentrating on a single task

8
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

39. The clearing of woodlands for agriculture 41. Education reform efforts are not likely to be
has been the leading cause of deforestation, effective -----.
-----.
A) unless health-related barriers to learning are
A) although deforestation has caused a reduction directly addressed
in the numbers of some plant and animal species
B) even if reliable data on the implementation of
B) yet the highest rate of deforestation is taking school health programs are lacking
place in Central America
C) as education contributes to children’s
C) but the harvesting of timber as a raw material knowledge about being healthy
and fuel has also played a significant role
D) in case appropriate school interventions
D) given that there is a close relationship promote enduring health practices
between deforestation and climate change
E) so that good health facilitates children’s
E) as there is much uncertainty about the pace growth, development, and optimal learning
and locale of deforestation during past ages

40. Researchers are concerned about virtual

reality and violent scenes in video games and
their implications for players’ mental health,
-----.

A) but players are desensitised to the act of

killing as they are used to pointing a gun at a
video screen

B) given that there is a direct correlation

between violent video games and aggressive
behaviour

C) so it is a multibillion-dollar industry, appealing

to people of all ages and from different
backgrounds

D) whereas they have been shown to trigger

violent behaviours in children

E) even though exposure to violence in such

games leads to diminished empathy

9
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

42-47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce 43. While parenting in all cultures entails love,
cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi devotion, teaching, and discipline, there is a
bulunuz. considerable cultural variation in other aspects
of parenting.
42. It has recently become evident that the A) Tüm kültürlerde sevgi, bağlılık, öğretme ve
increasing use of private cars has detrimental disiplin gerektiren ebeveynlik, farklı yönlerden
effects upon the environment and people. dikkate değer bir kültürel çeşitlilik içerir.
A) İnsanların çevreye zararlı etkileri olan özel B) Ebeveynlik pek çok açıdan dikkate değer bir
araçları gittikçe artarak kullanmaları son kültürel çeşitliliğe sahip olmasına rağmen tüm
zamanlarda açık bir hâl almıştır. kültürlerde sevgi, bağlılık, öğretme ve disiplinle
bağdaşır.
B) Çevre ve insanlar üzerinde zararlı etkilerinin
olduğu son zamanlarda açık bir şekilde anlaşılsa C) Tüm kültürlerde sevgi, bağlılık, öğretme ve
da özel araçlar gittikçe artarak kullanılmaktadır. disiplinle bütünleşen ebeveynliğin diğer
yönlerinde dikkate değer bir kültürel çeşitlilik
C) Özel araçların gittikçe artan bir şekilde
vardır.
kullanımının çevre ve insanlar üzerinde zararlı
etkilerinin olduğu son zamanlarda açık bir hâle D) Ebeveynlik tüm kültürlerde sevgi, bağlılık,
gelmiştir. öğretme ve disiplin gerektirirken ebeveynliğin
diğer yönlerinde dikkate değer bir kültürel
D) Özel araçlar gittikçe artan bir şekilde
çeşitlilik vardır.
kullanıldığı için onların çevre ve insanlar
üzerindeki zararlı etkileri son zamanlarda açık bir E) Ebeveynlik tüm kültürlerde sevgi, bağlılık,
hâle gelmiştir. öğretme ve disiplin gerektirir, fakat diğer
yönleriyle dikkate değer bir kültürel çeşitlilik
E) Özel araçların gittikçe artan bir şekilde
gösterir.
kullanımı, çevre ve insanlar üzerinde son
zamanlarda açıkça görülen zararlı etkilere yol
açmıştır.

10
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

44. Humans are social beings, and the social 45. The control of global trade networks not
context plays an important role in what they do only brought European states great wealth, but
and what they think. it also provided them with new information
about the customs of other societies.
A) Sosyal bağlam insanların ne yaptıkları ve
düşündükleri konusunda önemli bir rol A) Küresel ticaret ağlarını kontrol altına
oynamaktadır çünkü insanlar sosyal varlıklardır. almalarıyla Avrupa ülkeleri, diğer toplumların
geleneklerine dair yeni bilgiler kazanmakla
B) İnsanlar sosyal varlıklar oldukları için yaptıkları
kalmamış aynı zamanda büyük bir zenginlik elde
ve düşündükleri şeylerde sosyal bağlam önemli
etmiştir.
bir rol oynamaktadır.
B) Küresel ticaret ağlarının kontrolü, Avrupa
C) İnsanların yaptıkları ve düşündükleri şeyler
ülkelerine büyük bir zenginlik getirmekle
konusunda önemli bir rol oynayan sosyal bağlam,
kalmayıp aynı zamanda onlara diğer toplumların
onların sosyal varlıklar olmasıyla ilgilidir.
gelenekleri hakkında yeni bilgiler sağlamıştır.
D) Sosyal varlıklar olan insanların hem ne
C) Avrupa ülkeleri, küresel ticaret ağlarının
yaptıkları hem de ne düşündükleri üzerinde
kontrolünü ele geçirmelerinin ardından büyük bir
sosyal bağlamın oynadığı önemli bir rol
zenginlik elde etmenin yanı sıra diğer toplumların
bulunmaktadır.
gelenekleriyle ilgili yeni bilgiler edinmiştir.
E) İnsanlar sosyal varlıklardır ve sosyal bağlam
D) Küresel ticaret ağlarının kontrolünü elinde
insanların ne yaptıkları ve ne düşündükleri
bulundurmaları sayesinde. Avrupa ülkeleri büyük
konusunda önemli bir rol oynamaktadır.
miktarda zenginlik elde ederken diğer
toplumların geleneklerine dair yeni bilgiler de
edinmiştir.

E) Avrupa ülkelerinin diğer toplumların

gelenekleri hakkında yeni bilgiler edinmesi,
onlara büyük bir zenginlik sağlayan küresel ticaret
ağlarının kontrolünü ele geçirmeleriyle mümkün
olmuştur.

11
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

46. People have been seeking to understand the 47. The first computer, designed by an English
nature of memory since the time of the ancient inventor named Charles Babbage in the 1830s,
Greek philosopher Plato, who is usually credited was mechanical, not electronic, because at that
with the earliest serious discussions of it. time scientists did not yet know how electricity
worked.
A) İlk ciddi hafıza tartışmalarının genellikle
atfedildiği antik Yunan filozofu Platon’un A) Charles Babbage isimli bir İngiliz mucit
zamanından bu yana hafızanın doğası insanlar tarafından 1830’larda tasarlanan ilk bilgisayar
tarafından anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. elektronik değil mekanikti çünkü bilim insanları o
dönemde elektriğin nasıl çalıştığını henüz
B) Yaşadığı dönemde bu konuda en eski ve
bilmiyorlardı.
genellikle ciddi tartışmalara tanık olmuş antik
Yunan filozofu Platon’un zamanından bu yana, B) 1830'larda İngiliz mucit Charles Babbage
insanlar hafızanın doğasını anlamaya tarafından tasarlanan ilk bilgisayarın elektronik
çalışmaktadır. değil mekanik olmasının sebebi, bilim insanlarının
o dönemde elektriğin nasıl çalıştığını henüz
C) İnsanlar, genellikle hafıza konusundaki en eski
bilmiyor olmasıydı.
ciddi tartışmalar ile anılan antik Yunan filozofu
Platon’un zamanından beri hafızanın doğasını C) Charles Babbage adlı İngiliz mucit 1830'larda
anlamaya çalışmaktadır. ilk bilgisayarı tasarladığında bilim insanları
elektriğin nasıl çalıştığını henüz bilmiyorlardı, bu
D) Hafıza konusundaki en eski ciddi tartışmaların
yüzden ilk bilgisayar elektronik değil mekanikti.
öncüsü genellikle antik Yunan filozofu Platon
olarak kabul edildiği için, insanlar onun D) İngiliz mucit Charles Babbage 1830’larda ilk
zamanından beri hafızanın doğasını anlamaya bilgisayarı elektronik değil mekanik olarak
çalışmaktadır. tasarlamıştı çünkü bilim insanları elektriğin nasıl
çalıştığını o dönemde henüz bilmiyorlardı.
E) İsmi genellikle ilk ciddi hafıza tartışmaları ile
anılan antik Yunan filozofu Platon gibi, insanlar da E) Bilim insanları 1830'larda elektriğin nasıl
onun zamanından beri hafızanın doğasını çalıştığını henüz bilmediği için o dönemde Charles
anlamaya çalışıyorlar. Babbage adındaki bir İngiliz mucidin tasarladığı ilk
bilgisayar elektronik değil, mekanikti.

12
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

48-53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe 49. Çarpıcı deniz manzaraları ve kasabanın

cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi etrafına yayılmış antik kalıntılar, Sicilya sahilinin
bulunuz. en popüler turist merkezlerinden biri olan
Taormina’yı kim ziyaret ederse etsin
büyülemeye yetiyor.
48. Sokrat felsefenin gelişiminde o kadar önemli
bir rol oynamıştır ki ondan önceki filozofların A) Whoever pays a visit to Taormina gets
tamamı tarihçiler tarafından 'Sokrat Öncesi bewitched by the stunning views of the sea and
Filozoflar' başlığı altında toplanmaktadır. ancient ruins scattered around the town, which
suffice to make it one of the most popular tourist
A) The important role Socrates played in the
destinations on the Sicilian coast.
development of philosophy has had historians
place all the philosophers before him under the B) The stunning views of the sea and ancient
title of 'Pre-Socratic Philosophers'. ruins scattered around Taormina suffice to
bewitch those who pay a visit to this town to see
B) The reason why all the philosophers before
one of the most popular tourist destinations on
Socrates are grouped under the title of 'Pre-
the Sicilian coast.
Socratic Philosophers' by historians is that
Socrates played such an important role in the C) Thanks to the stunning views of the sea and
development of philosophy. ancient ruins scattered around the town,
everyone gets bewitched when they pay a visit to
C) All the philosophers before Socrates are
Taormina, one of the most popular tourist
placed by historians under the title of 'Pre-
destinations on the Sicilian coast.
Socratic Philosophers' thanks to the important
role Socrates played in the development of D) The stunning views of the sea and ancient
philosophy. ruins scattered around the town suffice to
bewitch whoever pays a visit to Taormina, one of
D) Socrates played such an important role in the
the most popular tourist destinations on the
development of philosophy that all the
Sicilian coast.
philosophers before him are grouped by
historians under the title of 'Pre-Socratic E) In Taormina, one of the most popular tourist
Philosophers'. destinations on the Sicilian coast, the stunning
views of the sea, together with ancient ruins
E) The development of philosophy would not
scattered around, suffice to bewitch whoever
have been possible without the important role
pays a visit to the town.
played by Socrates, and that is why historians
refer to all the philosophers before him under
the title of 'Pre-Socratic Philosophers'.

13
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

50. Arkeolojik bulgular, yalnızca arkeoloji 51. Muhtemelen ana vatanlarındaki aşırı nüfus
dünyasında ve insan faaliyetlerinin artışından dolayı Vikingler, 8. yüzyılın sonlarında
yorumlanmasında önemli olmakla kalmayıp aynı Kuzeybatı Avrupa üzerinde bir korku
zamanda bir bütün olarak insanlık için derin bir hükümdarlığı başlatmıştır.
manaya sahiptir.
A) Overpopulation in their homeland probably
A) Archaeological findings have a deep meaning caused the Vikings to begin a reign of terror over
for humanity as a whole, which makes them north-western Europe in the late 8th century.
important not only in the world of archaeology
B) The Vikings began to reign north-western
but also in the interpretation of human activities.
Europe with terror in the late 8th century
B) As archaeological findings are important not probably because there was overpopulation in
only in the world of archaeology but also in the their homeland.
interpretation of human activities, they also have
C) Probably due to overpopulation in their
a deep meaning for humanity as a whole.
homeland, the Vikings began a reign of terror
C) What makes archaeological findings significant over north-western Europe in the late 8th
in the world of archaeology and in the century.
interpretation of human activities is that they
D) What probably propelled the Vikings to begin
have a deep meaning for humanity as a whole.
a reign of terror over north-western Europe in
D) Archaeological findings, which are important the late 8th century was overpopulation in their
both in the world of archaeology and in the homeland.
interpretation of human activities, have a deep
E) It is probable that the Vikings began a reign of
meaning for humanity as a whole.
terror over north-western Europe in the late 8th
E) Not only are archaeological findings important century because their homeland became
in the world of archaeology and in the overpopulated.
interpretation of human activities, but they also
have a deep meaning for humanity as a whole.

14
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

52. 19. yüzyılda Prusya monarşisi altında 53. İnsanlar MÖ 3500 civarında belirli
birleşen Alman İmparatorluğu, Avusturya kayalardan bakırın elde edilebileceğini
İmparatorluğu geri dönüşü olmayan bir çöküşe keşfettiklerinde aletlerinin üretimi için taş
girerken büyük bir endüstriyel ve askerî güç yerine metal kullanmaya başladılar.
hâline geldi.
A) With the discovery of the fact that copper
A) The German Empire, united under the could be extracted from certain rocks in about
Prussian monarchy in the 19th century, became a 3500 BCE, people started to produce their tools
major industrial and military power while the using metal instead of stone.
Austrian Empire went into an irreversible decline.
B) People began to use metal instead of stone for
B) As the Austrian Empire was facing a decline the production of their tools when they
that was irreversible, the German Empire, united discovered that copper could be extracted from
under the Prussian monarchy in the 19th century, certain rocks in about 3500 BCE.
turned into a great power in industry and
C) When people discovered that certain rocks
military.
could be used to extract copper in about 3500
C) By the time the German Empire was united BCE, they started using metal in addition to stone
under the Prussian monarchy in the 19th century in the production of their tools.
to become a major industrial and military power,
D) Having discovered that copper could be
the Austrian Empire was already in a decline
extracted from certain rocks in about 3500 BCE,
impossible to reverse.
people began to produce their tools not only
D) United under the Prussian monarchy in the with stone but also with metal.
19th century, the German Empire became
E) What led people to use metal instead of stone
remarkably powerful in industry and military
for the production of their tools in about 3500
while an irreversible decline occurred in the
BCE was the discovery of the fact that copper
Austrian Empire.
could be extracted from certain rocks.
E) The German Empire, united under the Prussian
monarchy in the 19th century, became a major
industrial and military power, leading to a decline
in the Austrian Empire that was impossible to
reverse.

15
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

54-59. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 55. ----- In Europe during the Industrial
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için Revolution, for example, Britain became a major
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. producer of textiles, ships, and iron; France
produced silks and wine; Spain, Portugal, and
Greece generated citrus, wine, and olive oil;
54. There are definitely good and bad ways to
Germany, by the end of the 19th century, was a
argue in a marriage. In general, people should
major exporter of heavy manufactured goods
address their concerns directly, keep their focus
and chemicals. When regions or countries
on the specific behaviours or circumstances that
specialise in the production and export of some
cause the problem, acknowledge responsibility
goods or services, they enjoy a comparative
for one’s own contribution to the problem, and
advantage. This notion was first introduced by
encourage the other person to express his or
19th-century economist David Ricardo. He
her viewpoint. ----- Research shows that these
concluded that nations will specialise in the
behaviours serve to escalate the conflict rather
production of commodities that they can
than resolve it.
produce using the least labour compared with
A) Strong communication, the ability to manage other nations.
conflict constructively, and shared experiences
A) Just as there is no specialisation without trade,
and values, all contribute to successful marriages.
there can be no trade without transportation.
B) On the other hand, ineffective strategies
B) In economics, the theory of comparative
include blaming, defensiveness, and resurrection
advantage explains why it can be profitable for
of every complaint since the beginning of the
two countries to trade, though it may not always
relationship.
be mutually beneficial.
C) Thus, it appears that being married has
C) There has been much controversy around the
benefits over being single, unless either of the
theory of comparative advantage, which suggests
partners is unhappily married.
specialisation of countries in certain products.
D) A marriage works if spouses share a great deal
D) Under capitalism, different regions have long
of similarities with regard to interests,
specialised in the production of different types of
personality, attitudes, and educational goals or
goods and services.
attainment.
E) The traditional theory of comparative
E) Marriage constitutes one of the most intimate
advantage developed by David Ricardo is
and long-lasting relationships in one's entire life;
simplistic and unrealistic.
spouses' lives are profoundly intertwined.

16
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

56. You might not think twice about swiping a 57. Obesity is the result of an individual
stapler from the office, but what about stealing consuming more calories than he or she
from the company till? A new study offers expends. A complex interaction of
evidence that under the right circumstances environmental, genetic, and behavioural factors
relatively small evil acts can pave the way to influences both consumption and expenditure.
more serious ones. ----- "If someone manages Factors related to consumption include food
to convince themselves that one bad act was choices as well as food availability. For example,
justifiable, doing something that is just a little a diet high in fat will provide more energy than
bit worse does not seem so bad," says David T. will carbohydrates or proteins and will produce
Welsh from the University of Washington. fewer satiety signals, thereby disabling the
"Many people are prone to these types of individual’s ability to suppress hunger cues. -----
things," Welsh suggests. Setting clear ethical For instance, there is an increasing number of
standards, addressing small violations, and commercials for calorie-dense foods, such as
simply making people aware of the effect can candy and high-sugar cereal geared toward
prevent such behaviour. children, and an abundance of easily accessible
fast-food restaurants offering fatty foods at low
A) People may continue to act unethically until
costs.
they face punishment or public reaction.
A) Efforts aimed at clarifying psychological
B) However, experts state that injustices are less
consequences of obesity have provided
common in the presence of a surveillance camera
inconsistent results so far.
around.
B) Obesity is defined as possessing a body mass
C) Small acts of crime usually end in big ones, but
index (BMI) of at least 30 kilograms per square
white lies can be an exception to this.
metre (kg/m2).
D) Committing increasingly unethical acts over
C) Obesity is also associated with other
time allows people to rationalize and routinize
complications such as disruption of sleep,
their conduct.
difficulties with daily activities, shortness of
E) It is human nature to deviate from the ethical breath, and fatigue.
behaviour, but for some reason not everybody
D) Currently, we live in such a toxic environment
gets involved in dishonest acts.
that the availability of unhealthy foods increases
the likelihood that poor decisions are made.

E) Although prevalence estimates have differed

due to various classification methods, recent
statistics cite that nearly one-third of adult
Americans are obese.

17
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

58. The learning of history is a complex task. ---- 59. In addition to the need for effective adult
Before the 1980s, it was generally assumed that monitoring and intervention, children need
a gradual process of committing historical assistance to cope with the social and emotional
narratives to memory would eventually result in challenges posed by bullying. Experts suggest
a robust understanding of the past. The body of that teaching specific social-emotional skills to
research compiled since 1980, however, support healthy peer relationships and
demonstrates that learning history involves not effectively respond to problems may be
only the repeated study of such narratives, but important in preventing bullying. -----
also the acquisition and use of a set of domain- Moreover, learning strategies to manage
specific cognitive strategies. Applying these emotions and respond assertively may assist
strategies serves as the means by which the past children who are bullied. These findings suggest
is learned and understood. that providing all children with the social skills
to form and maintain friendships contributes to
A) Largely, the debate turns on the matter of
bullying reduction in the long run.
what constitutes historically significant events
and occurrences. A) Discriminating bullying from other types of
aggression and from rough play can be
B) History is an interpretive discipline that takes
challenging.
advantage of insights from a wide range of
disciplines, such as geography and sociology. B) Children with at least one friend are less likely
to be bullied, and friendship can function as a
C) Historical documents can also help scientists
protective factor.
to come up with solutions for current social and
economic problems. C) Most of the information regarding the
prevalence of bullying is based on children's self-
D) To understand the past, learners cannot
reports.
conduct controlled experiments to recreate it
and then study its effects. D) Bullying behaviours can include verbal
aggression, physical aggression, and relationship-
E) Cognitive research conducted during the past
damaging behaviours.
decades has indicated that it is more difficult to
learn history than previously thought. E) Bullying tends to occur in undersupervised
areas of a school such as the playground, bus,
and corridors.

18
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

60-65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 62. (I) The role and responsibilities of teachers
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü have undergone a significant evolution in recent
bozan cümleyi bulunuz years. (Il) Conventionally viewed as dispensers of
knowledge, teachers are now increasingly
perceived as facilitators or managers of
60. (I) The word acropolis comes from the Greek
knowledge. (Ill) Students do not tend to show
'akro' (high) and ’polis' (city). (II) It generally
active participation and to interact with their
refers to a hilltop citadel and was a vital feature
peers when they consider their teachers as the
of most ancient Greek cities, providing both a
authoritative source of knowledge and wisdom.
refuge from attack and an elevated area of
(IV) In addition, teachers are not only expected
religious sanctity. (Ill) The best known acropolis is
to transmit information to their students, but to
in Athens, where a magnificent collection of
act as a consultant, informant, and guide as well.
temples and monuments, built in the second half
(V) They are also seen as intellectual leaders who
of the fifth century BCE, remains partially
create opportunities for students to demonstrate
standing today. (IV) The most famous of these
what they know and improve their academic and
buildings is the Parthenon, the temple of Athena
social skills.
Parthenos (the maiden). (V) In the Hellenistic and
Roman periods, very little construction took A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
place on the Athenian acropolis.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

61. (I) Why prehistoric peoples decided to create

images in caves is a hot topic of discussion. 63. (I) In 2019, Oslo in Norway recorded zero
(Il) The majority of prehistoric cave paintings pedestrian or cyclist deaths. (II) The only traffic
have been found in western Europe, portraying fatality involved someone driving into a fence.
different animal species, such as cats, bears, (Ill) Oslo’s achievement means that it is just one
horses, and deer. (Ill) Different theories pose that step away from 'Vision Zero', an undertaking to
cave paintings were magical, intended to exercise eliminate all deaths on public roads. (IV) Despite
control over what was depicted in the images. its success, Oslo's initiative has faced opposition
(IV) In addition, there is the thought that these from some people who do not know life without
images were simply representations. (V) private cars. (V) The foundation for achieving this
Whatever the reason prehistoric man decided to is to significantly reduce the number of cars on
put images on the walls of caves, it remains a the road.
fascinating aspect of human culture and nature. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

19
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

64. (I) There are numerous variables that 65. (I) For the majority of Florida’s 40-million plus
influence the location of firms. (Il) The locational annual visitors, the typical travel poster images
decision of firms is complex, and they spend of Florida are sun, sea, and sand. (II) The
considerable time and effort in choosing their Sunshine state deserves its reputation as the
optimal locations. (Ill) Investments in perfect family vacation spot. (Ill) Florida boasts a
inappropriate locations may have devastating large indigenous population, whose complex
consequences. (IV) Indeed, it is a mistake to political and religious systems have
assume that most firms seek out low-cost labour demonstrated a high degree of social
opportunities. (V) Thus, a firm’s locational organisation. (IV) However, Florida is much richer
decision-making process is very important in in its culture, landscape and character than its
terms of long-term sustainability and economic stereotypical image suggests. (V) Behind the
prospects. modern look of Florida lies a long and rich past,
moulded by different nationalities and culture.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

20
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

66-68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 67. Which of the following activities performed
cevaplayınız. in the agora by the ancient Greeks is not clearly
stated in the passage?

The Greek agora served many roles. Most A) Sharing information

importantly, it was the centre of political life in
the community. The leaders of the polis, or city- B) Providing a learning environment
state, met there in a governing council known as C) Making political decisions
the boule. Any decisions made by the boule
would be presented for approval at a formal D) Offering sacrifices
meeting of citizens held in the agora. This
E) Trading
decision-making process was the essential
element of democracy in Greece. The agora also
served as a place of worship. In ancient Athens,
for example, the agora contained numerous
altars, small shrines, and temples. Before
entering these sacred places, Athenians had to
purify themselves through various rituals.
Anyone considered impure could be denied
entrance to the agora. Those barred from the
agora would also be excluded from participation
in the decision making of the polis. Lastly, the
agora was a lively commercial and social centre.
It served as a public marketplace where
merchants bought and sold goods and where
citizens shopped. As the main public area of the
polis, the agora provided opportunities for
citizens to gather and exchange information, and
gossip, and for teachers to hold informal outdoor
classes. These commercial and social activities
were an essential part of everyday life in ancient
Greece.

66. According to the passage, who could be a

68. Which could be the best title for this
member of the boule?
passage?
A) Ordinary citizens
A) The Functions of the Agora
B) Heads of the polis
B) Social Activities in Ancient Greece
C) Traders in the agora
C) Places of Worship in the Agora
D) Teachers
D) The Agora and its Origin
E) Religious leaders
E) Agora: Traders' Heaven

21
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

69-71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 70. One can understand from the passage that
cevaplayınız. the phrase ‘Frankenstein Impulse’ -----.

A) was coined by Mary Shelley to ensure the

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is the story of a immortality of her work
brilliant and arrogant researcher called Victor
Frankenstein, who believes his teachers to be B) shows man's subconscious desire to destroy
ignorant and is obsessed with creating life. It is nature
also a cautionary tale of a young man who C) refers to man’s passion to be free from daily
achieves what he sought to do, only to have his responsibilities
creation destroy him and all he loves. While most
novels from so long ago have been forgotten, D) represents human's temptation to challenge
Frankenstein lives on. Why has it remained so the limitations of nature
popular? Perhaps, it is due to the philosophical
E) refers to our thirst for reading such works full
themes it addresses, which are still discussed in
of supernatural elements
our modern world: attempting to alter nature,
the avoidance of duties, and the importance of
taking responsibility for one’s actions.
Frankenstein is as immortal as any novel can be.
Indeed, one reason for its continuing popularity
may be called the 'Frankenstein Impulse’ - the
desire to alter nature, even to the point of
creating new forms of life. Frankenstein is not far
removed from today's ethical discussions on
foetal tissue research, life extension, human
cloning, and artificial intelligence. It is still
relevant as a cautionary tale for research ethics,
especially in regard to the proper treatment of
people and other organisms and the need to be
clear on what the potential benefits are in
relation to the potential harms the proposed
71. Why does the author believe Frankenstein
research may cause.
to be an important cautionary tale in today’s
69. According to the passage, the novel world?
Frankenstein is still popular today because -----.
A) It highlights the potential negative
A) its hero achieves his dreams despite being consequences of arrogance in research.
quite young
B) It is still a source of inspiration for young and
B) it has sparked many authors to produce works inexperienced researchers today.
on controversial topics like human cloning
C) The desire to create new forms of life has
C) it is one of the earliest works of science fiction paved the way for certain scientific experiments.

D) it touches upon certain philosophical issues D) It illustrates the significance of taking research
that are under ongoing debate ethics into consideration.

E) it explores the boundaries of immortality more E) It depicts the potential harms of an

extensively than any novel can do experiment when conducted by a young
researcher.

22
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

72-74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 73. According to the passage, the housing
cevaplayınız. problem in the US -----.

A) was expected to be overcome through federal

Homelessness, the condition of human beings funds in the last quarter of the 20th century
who lack stable shelter, has become a tenacious
problem in the US, as the condition has been B) plays a central role in understanding the
around for a long time. It results from the existing problem of homelessness
interplay of various personal and contextual C) is not at an alarming rate as it used to be
factors, including political and economic trends thanks to the rapid growth of the housing market
and constraints. A family in the US may end up
homeless due to loss of income because of D) is mainly linked to loss of income, which could
unemployment, or physical or psychological be caused by either personal or contextual
illness of a wage earner or a family member. factors
Despite the significance of such factors, however,
E) has been shown to lead to other problems
at the heart of homelessness is a serious housing
such as unemployment and illness
problem. Several key ways in which the housing
market and the overall economy operate create
situations leading to homelessness. First, rents in
the United States have increased faster than
incomes. Second, there are simply not enough
low-cost units to satisfy the housing demand on
the part of low-income households. Third, federal
funds for housing low-income households are far
below the need, and the number of assisted
housing units being added to this inventory
slowed dramatically during the last quarter of the
20th century.

72. The underlined word in the passage 74. What is the passage mainly about?
‘tenacious’ is closest in meaning to -----. A) Why rents in the US have increased faster than
A) thorough incomes

B) compulsory B) The lack of low-cost units to meet the housing

demand in the US
C) peculiar
C) The trends and constraints in the housing
D) persistent market in the US
E) astonishing D) The causes of the homelessness problem in
the US

E) How to address the homelessness problem in

the US

23
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

75-77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 76. The underlined word ‘buffer’ in the passage
cevaplayınız. is closest in meaning to -----.

A) sustain
Just as psychological factors can contribute to
sport injury, psychological treatments can help to B) yield
prevent it. Initial evidence of the potential C) diminish
preventive impact of psychological interventions
on the occurrence of sport injury was obtained D) utilise
almost by accident as an unintended side effect
E) retrieve
of interventions designed to enhance sport
performance. Training athletes in attentional
control, imagery and relaxation can reduce
conditions (e.g.t distraction, muscular tension,
perceived stress) that not only hamper sport
performance but also increase vulnerability to
injury. Teaching athletes psychological strategies
for managing stress (due to both positive and
negative life events) can lower their risk of having
sport injuries. In situations where athletes have
experienced successful competitive performance,
such interventions can help athletes to reduce
their injury risk by maintaining their focus.
Developing athlete social support groups that
provide forums for individuals to share their life
events, both positive and negative, may buffer
the amount of stress induced by these
experiences and thus moderate injury
susceptibility. Peer mentoring systems within
teams or athletic departments can also
strengthen the overall social support system and
offset the potentially adverse consequences of
stress.

75. It is clear from the passage that 77. Which of the following is the main purpose
psychological interventions designed to enhance of this passage?
sport performance -----.
A) To inform readers about the major causes of
A) were initially aimed at reducing vulnerability sport injuries
to sport injury
B) To show how psychological interventions can
B) were found by chance to prevent sport injuries help athletes in different ways

C) failed to help athletes who could not maintain C) To provide specific examples of psychological
their focus interventions to enhance sport performance

D) were originally developed with the help of D) To promote the use of social support groups
peer mentoring systems to cope with sport as a kind of psychological intervention
injuries
E) To introduce athletes to psychological
E) led to the creation of social groups composed strategies for combating stress
of athletes suffering from stress caused by sport
injury

24
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

78-80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 79. Ebbinghaus and Bartlett are given as
cevaplayınız. examples of psychologists who -----.

A) claimed that the cognitive processes of

Science is always influenced by the technology humans are more sophisticated than the
that surrounds it, and psychology is no exception. processes computers perform
Thus, it is no surprise that beginning in the 1960s,
growing numbers of psychologists began to think B) were among the first people to study the
about the brain and about human behaviour in impacts of the computer on mental processes
terms of the computer, which was being C) carried out research associated with cognition
developed and becoming publicly available at even before cognitive psychology came into
that time. The analogy between the brain and existence
the computer, although by no means perfect,
provided part of the impetus for a new school of D) founded the field of cognitive psychology
psychology called 'cognitive psychology'. through a number of studies in the 1960s
Cognitive psychology is a field of psychology that
E) came up with the analogy between the brain
studies mental processes, including perception,
and the computer in psychology
thinking, memory, and judgement. These actions
correspond well to the processes that computers
perform. Although the subfield of cognitive
psychology began genuinely in the 1960s, earlier
psychologists had also taken a cognitive
orientation. Among the most important ones
were the German psychologist Hermann
Ebbinghaus (1850-1909), who studied the ability
of people to remember lists of words under
different conditions, and the English psychologist
Sir Frederic Bartlett (1886-1969), who studied
the cognitive and social processes of
remembering.

78. It is clearly stated in the passage that 80. What is the passage mainly about?
psychology -----.
A) The early origins of computer technology
A) helped computers to obtain wider use in
scientific research and development B) The collaboration between scientists to better
understand human behaviour
B) has been regarded by scientists as the most
suitable research area for computer use C) Mental processes that must be studied in
more detail by cognitive psychologists
C) was the first field where computers were used
in research studies D) The contribution of technology to the
emergence of cognitive psychology
D) can be further developed by improving the
analogy between the brain and the computer, E) The founding fathers of cognitive psychology
which was proposed by Ebbinghaus and Bartlett

E) is comparable to other fields of science in that

technology affects it as well

25
 13 Mart 2022 YÖKDİL Sosyal

CEVAP ANAHTARI

1.A 21.E 41.A 61.B

2.B 22.B 42.C 62.C
3.A 23.E 43.D 63.D
4.B 24.C 44.E 64.D
5.D 25.C 45.B 65.C
6.D 26.D 46.C 66.B
7.D 27.A 47.A 67.D
8.E 28.E 48.D 68.A
9.D 29.B 49.D 69.D
10.B 30.A 50.E 70.D
11.A 31.B 51.C 71.D
12.C 32.D 52.A 72.D
13.D 33.E 53.B 73.B
14.C 34.A 54.B 74.D
15.B 35.B 55.D 75.B
16.B 36.B 56.D 76.C
17.E 37.D 57.D 77.B
18.B 38.D 58.E 78.E
19.B 39.C 59.B 79.C
20.A 40.B 60.E 80.D

26
 YÖKDİL / İNG İNGİLİZCE TESTİ 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

Bu testte 80 soru vardır.

4. Bleeding gums is an inflammatory response to

1. - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere bacterial plaque, so if you brush ----, your gums
uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz. will not bleed.

1. Changing eating patterns is critical for reversing A) properly B) fairly

the --- of diabetes, and although there is not
a one-size-fits-all diet, experts agree that low- C) sparingly D) hardly
carbohydrate diets do help.
E) recklessly

A) inhibition B) admission

C) application D) progression

E) maintenance 5. Clinical trials show that a daily capsule of lavender

oil ---- anxiety in a way that is comparable to
prescribed medications.

2. Differences within our genetic code are

responsible for everything from what we look like,
our personality traits to our ---- to disease. A) nourishes B) relieves

A) inferiority B) predisposition C) exaggerates D) accelerates

C) variance D) anticipation E) mandates

E) conformity

6. While a psychiatrist who adopts a medical model

3. The first step in an audiologic assessment is a of mental illness is far more likely to implement
---- examination in which the audiologist examines a pharmaceutical treatment approach, a clinical
the structures of the outer and middle ears with an psychologist ---- various psychotherapeutic
otoscope. techniques to treat a client.

A) chronic B) hostile
A) relies on B) interferes with
C) preliminary D) reversible
C) calls off D) sets back
E) redundant
E) breaks into

1 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

7. Low-fat, flavoured yogurt ---- very high in added 10. If you do not have an hour that you can dedicate
sugar and thickeners, so it ---- better to choose ---- exercise, work on incorporating more activity
plain, whole-milk yogurt and blend it with fresh ---- your daily routine, such as taking the stairs
fruit or honey to get natural sweetness. instead of the elevator.

A) may be / has to be
A) with / through B) on / within

B) should be / had to be
C) at / beneath D) for / across

C) would be / must be
E) to / into

D) used to be / could be

E) can be / might be

8. Mounting evidence --- that Alzheimer’s disease

--- caused by inflammatory immune response to
pathogens that afflict brain tissue. 11. One of the major health trends in recent years,
particularly ---- more affluent countries, is the
A) would suggest/ had to be move ---- a more plant-based diet.

B) suggested / used to be
A) with / back B) in / towards
C) had suggested / can be
C) at/ without D) over / against
D) has suggested / will be
E) along / from
E) suggests / could be

9. To maximise the absorption of calcium, we should

separate calcium-rich foods and supplements ----
iron supplements by two hours, and avoid drinking 12. Major life changes are the greatest contributor of
tea ---- meals as the tannins in tea reduce calcium stress for most of us ---- they place the biggest
absorption. demands on our resources for coping.

A) to / at B) during / for
A) before B) because

C) in / over D) from / with C) unless D) although

E) off / within E) as if

2 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

13. Animals can also have reactions to pollen and 17. ---- the recent technological developments,
other environmental allergens ---- they have orthopaedic surgeons can now repair limbs that
different symptoms than we do and should be would have been routinely amputated.
treated differently as well.
A) Thanks to B) As opposed to
A) when B) though
C) Prior to D) Regardless of
C) since D) so
E) Despite
E) just as

14. ---- you consume only the juice of fruits and

18. Listeriosis infections are caused by Listeria
vegetables by squeezing them as in detox diets,
you miss out on the fibre, protein, vitamins and monocytogenes bacteria, usually in contaminated
minerals they provide, so it is better to eat them as food ---- raw meat and poultry, unwashed
a whole. vegetables, and dairy products.
A) such as B) because of
A) Whether B) If
C) despite D) in terms of
C) Although D) Until

E) As though E) according to

19. While buying fish, we need to make decisions

15. ---- some lasers can temporarily or permanently
---- about what kind of fish we might enjoy eating
discolour the skin, darker-skinned patients should ---- about the nutritional, toxicological and
make sure that their surgeon is qualified enough environmental dilemmas.
to perform laser procedures.
A) While B) Since A) so / that B) neither/nor

C) When D) So that C) as / as D) not only / but also

E) Though E) the more / the less

16. Discovering what babies can see has been a 20. If there is a breach of your body’s defences, your
formidable challenge, ---- research methods now body increases blood supply to the affected site,
provide an objective picture of their surprising ---- brings in elements of your immune system and
visual abilities. raises your temperature.
A) for B) nor
A) when B) why
C) otherwise D) but
C) where D) what
E) similarly
E) which

3 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

23.
21. - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya A) demonstrated B) would have demonstrated
ifadeyi bulunuz.
C) had demonstrated D) will demonstrate
The exact cause of acne is mostly unknown.
Sometimes, when acne in women is (21)---- excess E) is demonstrating
male hormone production, it is diagnosed by an onset
of the condition in adulthood. This can take different
forms such as excessive growth of hair, especially in
places not usual (22)---- a female, called hirsutism;
irregular menstrual cycles, and premenstrual flare-
ups of acne. A study conducted in 2001 (23)---- that
menstrual cycle does affect acne. Surprisingly, the
study (24)---- that 53 per cent of women over age 33
experienced a higher premenstrual acne rate than 24.
women under age 20. Many practitioners believe the A) resumed B) suspended
interaction between the body’s hormones, skin protein,
skin secretions, and bacteria determines the course of
C) undertook D) substituted
acne; (25) ----, several other factors have been shown
to affect the condition.
E) indicated

21.
A) on behalf of B) due to 25.
A) also B) at first
C) according to D) prior to
C) otherwise D) for example
E) such as
E) in short

22.

A) on B) along

C) from D) by

E) at

4 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

28.
26. - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya A) immediate B) ambiguous
ifadeyi bulunuz.
C) harsh D) fragile
Sleep is one of the body’s most basic needs for health,
yet with today’s busy lifestyles, sleep deprivation has E) provincial
become all too common. (26) ----, nearly half of all adults
report having difficulty sleeping. There are five stages
of sleep defined by brain wave activity, muscle tone,
and eye movement. Stage one, or what we know as
drowsy sleep, (27) ---- the onset of sleep. During stage
two, conscious awareness of the (28) ---- environment
disappears as we do not know what is going on around
us. During stages three and four, the body goes into a
deeper sleep, and the brain produces what are called 29.
delta waves. It is during this time that the body’s major A) as to B) such as
organs and regulatory systems are busy working on
repair and regeneration and certain hormones,
(29) ---- growth hormone, are secreted. Stage five, C) irrespective of D) compared to
known as REM (rapid eye movement), is the stage
during which we dream. The exact amount of sleep E) in need of
needed varies (30) ---- individuals, but is thought to be
between seven and nine hours.

26.
A) Nonetheless B) Afterwards

C) Eventually D) By comparison

E) For example 30.

A) along B) from

C) on D) around

E) among

27.
A) will represent B) represented

C) represents D) had represented

E) has represented

5 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

33. Although advances are made in medicine, ----.

31. - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde
tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) scientists have adopted protective measures

to deal with the spread of non-communicable
diseases
31. Although the exact causes of cardiovascular
disease are not fully understood, ----. B) universal access to healthcare is still regarded as
the single largest unmet medical need

A) patients recovering from heart disease often C) healthcare access challenges are largely
experience a variety of psychological reactions overcome in both developed and developing
that include depression and anxiety countries
B) an accumulating body of evidence points to
certain risk factors including advancing age, D) digital technologies to transform health care and
diabetes and family history of heart disease revolutionising processes offered great relief
C) echocardiography uses ultrasound waves to
create an image of the heart muscle E) the trust in medicinal treatments has risen
dramatically in the last decade
D) the cardiovascular system refers to an integrated
organ system consisting of heart and blood
vessels
E) cardiac rehabilitation programmes aim to help
patients stop smoking and adhere to a prescribed
medication regimen

34. ----, but they may trigger allergy-related disorders

or less severe reactions in susceptible individuals.

A) Doctors can easily identify intolerances or

32. Since lip skin is thinner and has fewer oil glands
sensitivities to certain foods
than other skin covering the body, which makes it
prone to dryness ----.
B) People who are prone to allergies may find it
difficult to cope with high-level toxins
A) people with anxiety tend to bite their lips more
frequently leading to micro tears C) Most people are able to withstand the effects of
the toxins of environmental factors
B) herpes simplex is a virus which affects other body
parts along with the lips
D) Some doctors claim that common foods may
cause hidden or delayed reactions
C) painful chapped lips can annoyingly occur
particularly in the winter season
E) A practitioner asks questions about the patient’s
medical history, typical diet, and lifestyle
D) one of the early signs of chronic hypervitaminosis
is dryness of the lips and anorexia

E) dry lips do not necessarily result in serious skin

problems

6 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

35. When acne is severe and the lesions are deep, ----. 37. Currently, no public health policies in Europe
 prescribe an annual liver health check, ----.

A) it is a common inflammatory skin disease A) thus it is possible to understand liver failure by
characterised by pimples checking liver enzymes in a blood test
B) because it is difficult for any person to know that
B) oral antibiotics may be taken daily to reduce the he or she has a liver disease due to the lack of
spread of bacteria clear symptoms
C) if one’s physical health worsens when liver failure
C) individuals with a family history of acne have is the case
greater susceptibility to the condition
D) so doctors do not routinely screen for liver disease
unless patients make some complaints that signal
D) treatment for mild acne consists of reducing the
problems
formation of new comedones
E) as patients feel tired or nauseous after being
diagnosed with a liver disease
E) teenagers are more likely than anyone to develop
acne

38. A standard cup of coffee contains 90 to 150

36. Although plastic is widely used in medical, optical milligrammes of caffeine; ----.
and dental devices, ----.

A) for instance, it may cause increased symptoms

A) plastic is a convenient and an accessible material of nervousness, including panic attacks and
for various medical uses insomnia

B) most hospitals refuse to replace them with B) likewise, fruit and vegetable juices can be made
environmentally friendly alternatives in minutes from fresh produce right in one’s own
kitchen
C) recent studies warn us about the danger of using
of plastic for medical purposes C) moreover, supplementary foods may be useful for
individuals who wish to increase the nutritional
D) patients take full responsibility for the change in value of their meals
any kind of equipment in a surgery room

E) it is mostly preferred thanks to its elasticity and D) on the other hand, coffee quickens the respiration
availability process, and strengthens the pulse

E) however, gourmet versions sold in trendy coffee

emporiums may have double or triple these
amounts

7 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

39. ----, they are highly popular and routinely 41. The sleep-wake cycle is normally synchronised
recommended by natural health care practitioners. with the physiological activity of various organ
systems; ----.
A) Unless the purpose of doing detox programmes is A) however, the primary regulatory mechanisms and
to enhance the body’s elimination of wastes the key functions of sleep relate to the brain

B) Though detox programmes have been used for B) for this reason, studies on sleep-related
thousands of years to treat a variety of health mechanisms reveal that sleep is integrated
conditions throughout the brain

C) Even if most people who do detox programmes C) that is, normal sleep involves significant changes
notice that they have more energy throughout the brainstem and cerebral cortex

D) While detox programmes are not widely embraced D) therefore, sleep can be seen as resupplying brain
by mainstream medicine energy constituents depleted during waking

E) Since the length of time people follow certain

detox programmes will depend on their existing E) likewise, most amino acids and other brain
health conditions substances vary in relation to different sleep
stages

42. - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye

anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.

42. Aromatherapy is a holistic treatment based on

the external use of essential aromatic plant oils to
promote physical and spiritual well-being.
40. The use of prescription medications may assist in
managing obesity for some individuals ----.
A) Aromaterapi, aromatik bitki öz yağlarının harici
kullanımına dayanan bütüncül bir tedavi olmakla
A) once there is considerable individual difference in birlikte fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlığı destekler.
response to these medications
B) Aromatik bitki öz yağlarının harici kullanımına
B) whereas most of the side effects of prescription dayalı bütüncül bir tedavi yöntemi olan
medications for weight loss are mild aromaterapi, fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlığı
desteklemeyi amaçlar.
C) although these medications promote weight loss
by helping to diminish appetite C) Aromaterapi, fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlığı
desteklemek için aromatik bitki öz yağlarının harici
D) as if this condition affected millions of adults and kullanımına dayanan bütüncül bir tedavidir.
children, posing serious health risks
D) Fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlığı desteklemeyi amaçlayan
E) but it is neither the sole treatment for this aromaterapi, aromatik bitki öz yağlarının harici
condition, nor is it ever considered a cure kullanımına dayanan bütüncül bir tedavidir.

E) Aromaterapi, bitki öz yağlarının harici kullanımına

dayalı bütüncül bir tedavi olmakla birlikte fiziksel
ve ruhsal sağlığı desteklemeyi amaçlar.

8 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

44. While there is scientific evidence that both

43. The ability to transform skin cells into ‘induced
environmental and genetic factors play a role
stem cells’ has been a revolutionary step, which
in most types of cancer, only 10 per cent of all
also holds promise for understanding psychiatric
cancers are classified as hereditary.
disorders.

A) Tüm kanser türlerinin sadece yüzde 10’u kalıtsal
A) Devrim niteliğinde bir gelişme olan deri olarak sınıflandırılır ve çoğu kanser türünde hem
hücrelerinden uyarılmış kök hücre oluşturma çevresel hem de genetik etkenlerin rol oynadığına
yetisi, psikiyatrik rahatsızlıkların anlaşılmasında dair bilimsel kanıt mevcuttur.
da umut vaat eder.

B) Hem çevresel hem de genetik etkenler çoğu

B) Deri hücrelerini uyarılmış kök hücrelere kanser türünde rol oynasa da tüm kanserlerin
dönüştürme yetisi, psikiyatrik rahatsızlıkları sadece yüzde 10’unun kalıtsal olarak
anlamak için de umut vaat eden, devrim sınıflandırıldığına dair bilimsel kanıt mevcuttur.
niteliğinde bir adım olmuştur.

C) Çoğu kanser türünde hem çevresel hem de

C) Deri hücrelerini uyarılmış kök hücrelere genetik etkenlerin rol oynadığına dair bilimsel
dönüştürmeye yönelik atılacak olan ve umut vaat kanıt bulunsa da tüm kanserlerin sadece yüzde
eden devrimsel adım, psikiyatrik rahatsızlıkları 10’u kalıtsal olarak sınıflandırılır.
anlamaktır.
D) Yalnızca çevresel etkenlerin değil genetik
D) Uyarılmış kök hücrelerini deri hücrelerine etkenlerin de çoğu kanser türünde rol oynadığına
dönüştürme yetisi, devrim yaratmasının yanı sıra ilişkin bilimsel kanıt bulunmasına rağmen tüm
psikiyatrik rahatsızlıkları anlamaya dair de umut kanserlerin sadece yüzde 10’u kalıtsal olarak
vaat etmektedir. sınıflandırılır.

E) Tüm kanser türlerinin sadece yüzde 10’u kalıtsal

E) Deri hücrelerini uyarılmış kök hücrelere olarak sınıflandırılır ama çoğu kanserde çevresel
dönüştürme yetisi, psikiyatrik rahatsızlıkları etkenler kadar genetik etkenlerin de rol oynadığını
anlamada umut vaat ederken aynı zamanda gösteren bilimsel kanıt mevcuttur.
devrim niteliğinde bir adım olmuştur.

9 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

46. When a food makes people sick, they are inclined

45. The prevalence of obesity, which has been
to blame it on a food allergy but the reason could
linked both to decline in physical activity and to be food intolerance - a condition in which the body
increased calorie intake has grown dramatically has trouble digesting the problem food.
since 1990 in the USA.
A) Bir yiyecek insanları rahatsız ettiğinde, insanlar
suçu besin alerjisine atma eğilimindedirler ancak
rahatsızlığın nedeni, vücudun sorunlu yiyeceği
A) Obezite, ABD’de 1990’dan itibaren yaygınlığı sindirmede güçlük çektiği bir durum olan gıda
belirgin bir şekilde artan bir hastalıktır ve hem intoleransı olabilir.
fiziksel aktivitede azalma hem de artan kalori
alımıyla ilişkilendirilmektedir. B) Bir yiyecek insanları rahatsız ediyorsa, suçu besin
alerjisine atma eğilimi vardır ancak vücudun sorunlu
yiyeceği sindirmede güçlük çektiği bir durum olan gıda
B) Obezite, hem fiziksel aktivitede azalma hem de intoleransi da bunun nedeni olabilir.
artan kalori alımı ile bağlantılıdır ve yaygınlığı
ABD’de 1990’dan itibaren belirgin bir şekilde C) İnsanlar, bir yiyecek kendilerini rahatsız ettiğinde suçu
artmıştır. besin alerjisine atma eğiliminde olsalar da, vücudun
sorunlu yiyeceği güçlükle sindirdiği bir durum olan
gıda intoleransi da bunun nedeni olabilir.
C) ABD’de 1990’dan itibaren yaygınlığı belirgin
bir şekilde artan obezite, hem fiziksel D) Bir yiyecek insanları rahatsız edince genel eğilim
aktivitede azalma hem de artan kalori alımı ile suçu besin alerjisine atmak olsa da, vücudun sorunlu
ilişkilendirilmektedir. yiyeceği sindirmede güçlük çektiği gıda intoleransı bu
durumun nedeni olabilir.
D) Gerek fiziksel aktivitelerin azalması gerekse artan E) İnsanlar, bir yiyeceği yedikten sonra rahatsız
kalori alımı ile bağlantılı olduğu bilinen obezitenin hissediyorsa, suçu besin alerjisine atma
ABD’deki yaygınlığında 1990’dan itibaren belirgin eğilimindedirler, fakat gıda intoleransi, yani vücudun
bir artış olmuştur. sorunlu yiyeceği sindirmede güçlük çekmesi, bu
durumun nedeni olabilir.
E) Hem fiziksel aktivitede azalma hem de artan
kalori alımı ile ilişkilendirilen obezitenin yaygınlığı,
ABD’de 1990’dan itibaren belirgin bir şekilde 47. People living in higher-traffic urban areas have
artmıştır. more pronounced wrinkles compared to those
in more rural environments as pollution leads to
excessive generation of free radicals.

A) Trafiğin yoğun olduğu kentsel alanlarda yaşayan

insanların, kırsal çevrelerde yaşayanlara kıyasla daha
belirgin kırışıklıklarının olmasının nedeni kirliliğin,
serbest radikallerin aşırı üretimine neden olmasıdır.

B) Kirlilik serbest radikallerin aşırı üretimine neden

olmaktadır ve trafiğin yoğun olduğu kentsel alanlarda
yaşayan insanların kırsal çevrelerde yaşayanlara
kıyasla daha belirgin kırışıklıkları vardır.

C) Trafiğin yoğun olduğu kentsel alanlarda yaşayan

insanların kırsal çevrelerde yaşayanlara kıyasla
daha belirgin kırışıklıkları vardır çünkü kirlilik, serbest
radikallerin aşırı üretimine neden olmaktadır.
D) Kırsal çevrelerde yaşayanlarla kıyaslandığında trafiğin
yoğun olduğu kentsel alanlarda yaşayan insanların
daha belirgin kırışıklıklarının olmasının nedeni kirliliktir
çünkü kirlilik, serbest radikallerin aşırı üretimine neden
olmaktadır.
E) Kirlilik serbest radikallerin aşırı üretimine neden olur
ve bu sebeple trafiğin yoğun olduğu kentsel alanlarda
yaşayan insanların kırsal çevrelerde yaşayanlara
kıyasla daha belirgin kırışıklıkları vardır.

10 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

50.Günümüzde dünyanın en ünlü ilaçlarından biri

48. - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye olan aspirin, kalp krizi geçiren insanlara, onları
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. başka bir kriz geçirmekten korumak için düşük
dozlarda düzenli olarak verilir.
A) Aspirin, which is routinely prescribed in low doses
48. Enfeksiyon kontrolünün amacı var olan hastalıkları to protect people who had a heart attack from
ve yaraları daha karmaşık hale getiren hastane having another attack, is one of the most famous
yoluyla bulaşan enfeksiyon riski oranını pills of today’s world.
azaltmaktır.
B) Aspirin is now one of the most famous pills in the
A) Reducing the risk rate of complicated infections and world, and routinely prescribed in low doses to
existing diseases and injuries which transmit through people who had a heart attack so that they will not
the hospitals is the purpose of infection control. have another attack.
B) The purpose of infection control is to reduce the risk C) Today, aspirin is one of the most famous pills in
rate of infections transmitting through the hospitals, the world, as it is routinely prescribed in low doses
which can make existing diseases or injuries more to people who had a heart attack to protect them
complicated. from having another attack.
C) The objective of infection control is to reduce the risk D) Aspirin, one of the world’s most famous pills today,
of existing diseases spreading and injuries getting is routinely prescribed in low doses to people who
worse as a result of infections transmitting through had a heart attack to protect them from having
the hospitals. another attack.
D) The risk rate of existing diseases and injuries which E) Low doses of aspirin, one of the world’s most
get more complicated by the infections transmitting famous pills today, are routinely used by people
through the hospitals is reduced thanks to infection who had a heart attack to prevent the risk of
control. having another attack.
E) Infection control aims to reduce the risk rate of
infections transmitting through the hospitals and 51. D vitamini, cilt güneş ışığına maruz kaldığında
existing diseases and injuries that can become more üretilebilir ya da beslenme yoluyla alınabilir, ancak
complicated. D vitamini çok az yiyecekte ve düşük miktarlarda
bulunduğu için, çoğu insan için takviye önerilir.
49. Suyla ilişkili hastalıklar, sanayileşmiş ülkelerde
ciddi bir sağlık sorunu olarak önemli ölçüde
azaltılmış olsa da, özellikle gelişmekte olan A) Vitamin D, which can be produced when the skin
uluslarda nispeten yaygın olarak görülmektedir. is exposed to sunlight or could be obtained from
the diet, is found in few foods and at low amounts,
A) Although water-related diseases have been so a supplement is recommended for most
reduced to a great extent as a serious health people.
problem in industrialised countries, they are B) Most people are recommended to take vitamin D
relatively widespread, especially in developing supplements as few foods contain vitamin D and
nations. at low amounts, even though it can be produced
B) Despite a considerable decrease in water-related through the exposure to sunlight or through the
diseases, which are regarded as a serious health diet.
problem in industrialised countries, they are C) Vitamin D can be produced when the skin is
relatively widespread especially in developing exposed to sunlight or could be obtained from the
nations. diet, but since vitamin D is found in few foods and
C) No matter how widespread water-related diseases at low amounts, a supplement is recommended
are as a serious health problem in developing for most people.
nations, industrialised countries have managed to D) Although vitamin D, which is produced when the
reduce them to a great extent. skin is exposed to sunlight, can also be obtained
D) Water-related diseases are relatively widespread from the diet, most people are recommended a
as a serious health problem in industrialised supplement because vitamin D is found at low
countries even if they have been reduced to a amounts in too few foods.
great extent especially in developing nations. E) A supplement is recommended for most people
E) Regardless of a considerable decrease in the when the skin is not exposed to enough sunlight
number of water-related diseases as a serious or vitamin D cannot be obtained from the diet,
health problem in industrialised countries, they are as vitamin D is found in few foods and at low
still relatively widespread in developing nations. amounts.

11 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

52. İnsanlarla yapılan çalışmalar, beslenme 54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü
değişiklikleri olsun ya da olmasın, orta seviyede sağlamak için boş bırakılan yerlere getirilebilecek
egzersizin kolesterolü makul seviyelere getirdiğini cümleyi bulunuz.
göstermiştir.

A) Studies with humans revealed that the benefits 54. Agnosia is a neuropsychological disorder characterised
of moderate levels of exercise with or without by the inability to recognise common objects, persons,
dietary changes could lead to satisfactory levels of or sounds. The disorder can affect visual, auditory
cholesterol. or tactile object recognition, but visual agnosia is the
most common form of the condition, and most often
B) Moderate levels of exercise, with or without expressed as an inability to recognise people. ---- The
dietary changes, contribute to satisfactory levels condition may also arise following head trauma or
of cholesterol, as revealed by studies with stroke, or following carbon monoxide poisoning or
humans. anoxia.
C) Satisfactory levels of cholesterol are achieved
A) Patients are often uncomfortable in social situations,
through moderate levels of exercise, with or although many learn to recognise people using other
without dietary changes, as revealed by studies visual cues.
with humans.
B) Tactile agnosia, also called astereognosis, is often
D) Studies with humans have revealed that moderate difficult to recognise as we rarely identify objects solely
levels of exercise, with or without dietary changes, by feel.
bring cholesterol to satisfactory levels.
C) Agnosics can see, but they lack higher level visual
E) Moderate levels of exercise result in dietary perception, which interferes with object information
changes and satisfactory levels of cholesterol, as gathering.
shown by studies with humans. D) Agnosia is caused by lesions to the parietal and temporal
lobes of the brain, regions involved in storing memories
E) In addition to being the most common form of agnosia,
visual agnosias are also the best understood.
53. Milyonlarca sinir ucu, anlık olarak sinir sistemine 55. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a disorder
aktardıkları ısı, nem, hareket ve temas ile ilgili found primarily in children and adolescents. It is
verileri toplamak için deri altında bulunur. characterised by negative, disobedient, or defiant
behaviour that is worse than the normal ‘testing’
behaviour most children display from time to time.
A) Millions of nerve endings reside within the skin to ---- These difficult periods are part of the normal
gather data about temperature, humidity, motion, developmental process of gaining a stronger sense
and contact, which they instantly transmit to the of individuality and separating from parents. ODD,
nervous system. however, is defiant behaviour that lasts longer and is
B) In order to gather data about temperature, more severe than normal individuation behaviour, but
humidity, motion, and contact, millions of nerve is not so extreme that it involves violation of social
endings reside within the skin and then they rules or the rights of others.
transmit them to the nervous system.
A) It is usual for children with ODD to not perceive
C) Millions of nerve endings reside within the skin, themselves as being difficult and to blame all their
gathering data about temperature, humidity, problems on others.
motion, and contact, which they transmit to the
nervous system. B) Very young children with the disorder will throw temper
tantrums that last for 30 minutes or longer, over
D) Before millions of nerve endings transmit data seemingly trivial matters.
about temperature, humidity, motion, and contact
to our nervous system, they process each of them C) ODD is thought to occur in about 6 per cent of all
instantly. children and is more common in families of lower
socioeconomic status.
E) Millions of nerve endings, residing within the skin,
gather data about temperature, humidity, and D) Most children go through phases of being difficult,
contact, then they transmit them to the nervous particularly during the period from 18 months to three
system. years, and later during adolescence.
E) Treatment is usually a long-term commitment and may
take a year or more for some noticeable improvement.

12 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

56. Antisocial personality disorder (APD) is highly 58. The placebo effect occurs when a person takes a placebo
unresponsive to any form of treatment, in part because (a substance that has no effect) and feels better. If you
persons with APD rarely seek treatment voluntarily. If they regularly take sleeping pills, you probably do not realise
do seek help, it is usually in an attempt to find relief from that you have experienced the placebo effect. Sleeping
depression or other forms of emotional distress. Although pills lose their effectiveness after six weeks of regular use.
there are medications that are effective in treating some Therefore, if you have been taking sleeping pills for more
of the symptoms of the disorder, non-compliance with than a few months and they still put you to sleep, it is the
medication regimens or abuse of the drugs prevents the placebo effect working, not the pill. ---- However it works,
widespread use of these medications. ---- In other words, if the very power of the placebo effect demonstrates that by
a person diagnosed with APD is placed in an environment maximising your belief in sleep improvement techniques,
in which they cannot victimise others, their behaviour may you can sleep better.
improve. It is unlikely, however, that they would maintain
A) Although we do not know the exact mechanism
good behaviour if they left the disciplined environment.
underlying the placebo effect, it is probably due to
A) If some form of individual psychotherapy is provided, the the effects our thoughts have on our brain.
therapist’s primary task is to establish a relationship with B) In fact, about one third of pain patients will
the patient. respond as well to a placebo as they will to
B) Measures intended to prevent antisocial personality morphine.
disorder must begin with interventions in early C) Negative thoughts about sleep can have a
childhood. profoundly adverse effect on the duration and
C) The most successful treatment programmes for APD quality of one’s sleep.
are long-term structured residential settings in which the
patient systematically modifies behaviour. D) Stress occurs almost automatically, so you are not
always aware of it and its negative impact on your
D) The impulsiveness that characterises the disorder sleep.
often leads to a jail sentence or an early death through
suicide. E) About 20 per cent of a population sleeps six or
fewer hours per night.
E) The patients can hardly establish positive relationships
with people around them, even with the closest ones.
59. Self-control strategies are cognitive and behavioural
skills used by individuals to maintain self-motivation and
57. There are many simple ways to be nicer to people, and
achieve personal goals. They are based primarily on the
we like to believe that all that kindness and consideration
social cognitive theory of Albert Bandura. According to
will be appreciated. However, being nice may not do us
Bandura, one’s behaviour is influenced by a variety of
any favours. According to a study, people who are nice -
factors, including one’s own thoughts and beliefs, and
defined as sensitive to unfairness or inequity - are more
elements in the environment. Most people who decide to
likely to show symptoms of depression than people who
use self-control strategies are dissatisfied with a certain
tend to be selfish and egotistical. Researchers started by
aspect of their lives. For example, they may feel they
giving nearly 350 people a personality test to determine
smoke too much, exercise too little, or have difficulty
whether they were more ‘pro-social’ or ‘individualist’. ----
controlling anger. --- Self-control programmes may also be
What they found was the brain images were quite different
designed without the help of a professional, especially if
between the two types of people, and that nicer people are
the problem being addressed is not severe.
more vulnerable to depression because they experience
extreme empathy, guilt and stress. A) Environmental self-control strategies involve
changing times, places, or situations where one
A) Then, they used an imaging technique to see which experiences problematic behaviour.
areas of the brain were activated during specific
situations. B) Self-control strategies are often taught in
treatment centres, group or individual therapies,
B) Overall, they usually aim at measuring people’s desire schools, or vocational settings.
to share financial resources with those less fortunate.
C) The individual is responsible for using self-control
C) Whether the pattern of thinking that was considered strategies in real-life situations to produce the
‘pro-social’ was linked with depression was an area of desired changes.
previous research. D) Self-control strategies help individuals to become
D) In other words, people are encouraged to be nice, but aware of their own patterns of behaviour and to
it turns out this positive quality can have a very real alter them so that the behaviour will be more or
negative outcome. less likely to occur.
E) On the other hand, it is still not certain which types of E) Individuals achieve self-control through continuous
people are more prone to depression. monitoring, evaluating, and reinforcement of their
own behaviour

13 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

63. (I) There are many factors to be considered in

60. - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla choosing a suitable anaesthetic agent for each patient.
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü (II) Ensuring good muscle relaxation while having only
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. few toxic or adverse effects, for example, is one of
them. (III) Besides, the ideal anaesthetic should allow
60. (I) The variation in milliseconds between your heartbeats rapid induction followed by ease of control and the
is known as your heart rate variability (HRV). (II) These possibility of rapid reversal. (IV) As the anaesthetic is
small differences in heart rate are normal - in fact, the chemically bound to its receptor, however, removal
more variation the better. (III) This irregularity should from the system is often slow and other drugs may be
not be confused with cardiac arrhythmia, which involves required to reverse its effects. (V) Future advances
our heart rate, or pulse, which is measured in beats per in anaesthesia will depend upon developments
minute. (IV) Other diseases of the autonomic nervous in the computerisation of monitoring the patient’s
system can be detected and monitored using HRV, physiological status.
such as autonomic neuropathy - damage to the nerves
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
that control everyday functions. (V) In fact, cardiac
arrhythmia is a serious condition that involves the heart
beating too fast or too slowly, or throwing in extra,
irregular beats.
64. (I) Dementia is a condition characterised by a chronic
decline in cognitive functions contrasted with a
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V person’s usual state of functioning. (lI) It is seen most
often in people sixty-five years and older, and the
incidence increases with age. (III) Although aging
61. (I) Over 300 people are known to have died climbing results in mild slowing for some cognitive functions,
Everest since 1922. (II) Injuries and bad weather can normal aging does not cause significant memory
be deadly in this remote environment, and our bodies loss. (IV) There are various causes and types of
cannot cope with low oxygen levels at high altitude. dementia, but most types have certain characteristics
(III) Altitude sickness can lead to fatal pulmonary in common. (V) Persons with dementia often have
or cerebral oedemas, which occur when the lack of problems with short-term memory, such as forgetting
oxygen results in leakage of fluid into the lungs or names and recent events.
brain. (IV) Altitude is measured relative to the mean -
sea level in the local area-so the exact height depends
on which local area is chosen as a reference point. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
(V) To avoid this, mountaineers acclimatise in stages,
allowing their bodies to adjust gradually.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

65. (I) Blood banks are a vital part of any health service,
giving doctors rapid access to this life-giving fluid. (II)
But blood is notoriously hard to store. (III) Left to itself,
it clots and loses vital components like platelets. (IV)
62. (I) Insomnia exists only in comparison with what one As it is also delicate, red blood cells rupture if badly
considers to be normal sleep. (II) With insomnia, handled, any contamination can make it potentially
sleep falls short of the expectation of how it should be lethal. (V) Plasma is the liquid component of blood,
experienced. (III) A variety of physiological changes and could be given to anyone, regardless of blood
occur throughout the body during sleep. (IV) People group.
assess their sleep against a standard, but normal
sleep is relative. (V) Various criteria and standards A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
may be used to describe sleep as normal or abnormal.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

14 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

67. Which of the following is the main purpose of the

66. - 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre author?
cevaplayınız.

A) To inform the readers about the structural

A widely reported study claimed to show ‘very clear’ differences between male and female brains
differences between the brains of men and women. affecting hormones and anatomy
Although this study was trumpeted in the media as
‘proving’ that male and female brains are inherently
different, the actual evidence falls way short of such B) To put the blame on society in general for
claims. Distinctions do exist. Genetic differences due imposing differences between males and females
to sex chromosomes, varying hormone regulation from very young ages
during development and obvious anatomical
differences are all reflected in the structure of the C) To criticise researchers for wasting their valuable
brain. But whether these have any impacts on the time and energy on trying to prove differences that
functioning of the mature adult brain is a lot harder to might not even exist
determine. There are just too many other factors and
variables which cannot be screened out by modern D) To praise the media for forcefully reporting a
research methods and can affect how we use our scientific development that proves the innate
brains. We all grow and develop in a society that differences between male and female brains
imposes countless differences between males and
females from birth. Given how our brains grow in
response to our environment, any of these could turn E) To emphasise the elasticity of human brain in
out to be a big influence over how our brains work receiving information from the environment and
as adults. Why is so much energy, which could be quickly adapting to those influences
better used elsewhere, ploughed into an effort to show
functional differences between the brains of men and
women - especially when it is far from certain such
things even exist?

66. Which of the following is a factor or variable that

modern research methods cannot screen out?

68. Which of the following best describes the author’s

A) Structural differences caused by sex tone?
chromosomes

B) Developmental hormone regulation

A) supportive

C) Genetic differences between men and women B) critical

D) Differences in male and female anatomy C) admiring

E) The influence of societal gender imbalance on the

D) optimistic
brain

E) indifferent

15 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

70. It is stated in the passage that ----.

69. - 71. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.
A) the first known pandemic emerged in Middle Age
London
A pandemic is an outbreak of an infectious disease
that spreads across a large region, a continent, B) the bubonic plague was transmitted by the
or even the world. According to the World Health infected people who travelled around the world
Organization (WHO), a pandemic can start when
three conditions have been met: the emergence of a
disease new to the population, a disease that infects C) the bubonic plague was mistakenly thought to be
humans, causing serious illness, and one that spreads non-infectious
easily and persists among humans. A disease is not
a pandemic because it is widespread or kills a large D) the plague is believed to have arrived in Europe
number of people. It must also be infectious. For through the grains from Egypt
example, cancer is responsible for a large number of
deaths but is not considered a pandemic. The plague E) the plague of Justinian, first seen in Britain, was
of Justinian in the sixth century that devastated the the starting point for the Black Death
eastern capital of the Roman Empire in Constantinople
was the first well-known pandemic in Europe. It
also marks the first detailed record of the bubonic
plague that later would be known in London as the
Black Death. In Constantinople, while Justinian was
the Roman Emperor, large quantities of grain were
shipped from Egypt and it is thought that the disease
was brought into Europe via rat and flea populations in
the grain.

71. What is the main purpose of the passage?

69. According to the passage a disease is considered
as a pandemic only if it ----.
A) To give brief information about pandemics and
A) is found in many parts of the world, and increases their history
death rates B) To inform readers about the possible
consequences of pandemics
B) is contagious, thus spreading to larger areas
C) To highlight the reasons for the spread of
C) is announced by the WHO that it has killed pandemics
thousands of people D) To show how the WHO deals with pandemics

D) lasts for a while and results in hundreds of E) To introduce the ways used to deal with
hospitalisations throughout the world pandemics in Europe

E) infects many people resulting in potential chronic

illnesses

16 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

73. One can understand from the passage that

72. - 74. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre symptoms of rabies ----.
cevaplayınız.

A) might be hidden for several weeks after the animal

Rabies is caused by a virus that is transmitted through bite
the bite of an animal that is already infected. It is
classified as a zoonosis, which is a term that refers B) could be observable immediately after the
to any disease of animals that can be transmitted infection
to humans. More than 90 per cent of animal rabies
cases occur in such wild animals as skunks, bats,
C) can deteriorate when the person develops fear of
and raccoons, with such domestic animals as dogs
water
and cats accounting for fewer than 10 per cent of
the cases. The World Health Organization (WHO)
estimates that between 35,000 and 50,000 individuals D) can be relieved through medication even long
worldwide die each year as a result of rabies. The after exposure
highest incidence of rabies occurs in Asia where, in
1997, over 33,000 deaths were noted, most occurring E) are seen only after the virus invades the nervous
in India. Onset is delayed, usually weeks to months system
after the person has been bitten. Early symptoms of
rabies include fever, headache, and flu-like symptoms.
These conditions progress to anxiety, hallucinations,
muscle spasms, partial paralysis, fear of water
(hydrophobia), and other neurological symptoms
as the virus spreads to the central nervous system.
Medical treatment must be sought soon after exposure
because death always follows once the infection
becomes established.

72. It is stated in the passage that zoonosis ----. 74. According to the passage, in all cases of rabies,
----.

A) is a type of infection, but with more severe effects A) the virus is immediately established into the
central nervous system

B) is an umbrella term including animal bite infections

like rabies B) medical care could save the person infected by
the virus even if it becomes established

C) refers to animals transmitting certain diseases

with the saliva C) if the patient is not treated soon, the animal bite
can have fatal outcomes

D) is a kind of infection mostly seen in cats and dogs

D) the animal with the virus is taken under control to
determine medical treatment options
E) means nasty bites from seriously infected wild
animals E) a persistent headache sets in as soon as an
individual gets bitten by a rabid animal

17 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

76. Despite their current prevalence, soft drinks ----.

75. - 77. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.
A) were originally developed as a pharmaceutical
Western civilisation has had a love affair with sugar product
and chocolate for almost 500 years. For most of this
time, these products were considered luxuries and B) were repeatedly praised for being tastier than
few could easily afford to buy them or buy products medicine
made from them. Due to improvements in technology
and agriculture, the price of sugar and chocolate
C) could surprisingly be purchased by lower middle-
declined greatly during the 19th century, such that
class
most Americans could easily afford to buy sweets
and chocolates. Moreover, generic American soft
drinks originated in the late 18th century and rapidly D) had to be sold in drugstores rather than market
expanded during the second half of the 19th century. chains
At first, soft drinks were considered medicinal as many
of America’s most famous sodas were invented by E) are the leading cause of the increase in obesity
medical professionals in drugstores. Soft drinks were
products of the medical profession but they became
popular largely due to the temperance movement that
presented alternatives to alcoholic beverages. Years
later, simultaneous with the growth of fast food and
junk food, there has been a tremendous increase in
obesity. The percentage of children and adolescents
who are obese has doubled in the last 20 years.
Today, 25 per cent of American children are classified
as overweight. This should come as no surprise,
for junk food and fast food are heavily marketed to
America’s youth, who consume vast quantities of both.

75. According to the passage up until the 19th, ----. 77. We understand from the passage that ----.

A) sweets were a rare commodity exclusive to those A) there is a close relationship between fast food
who could afford it advertisements and the rise of childhood obesity
B) obesity figures are low, but more people die
B) fast food consumption was directly correlated with prematurely due to illnesses related to obesity
increasing income
C) food production is not systemic, and is just a
C) the appeal of chocolate was that it was phenomenon of the fast food and junk food
inexpensive industries

D) the criticism of fast food spread throughout the D) fast food materialised in the 20th century with the
country growth of multinational food companies

E) fast food was as popular as sweets E) eating fast food shows the relatively low value
many Americans place on the food

18 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

 YÖKDİL / İNG 2022 SONBAHAR - SAĞLIK

79. It is clear from the passage that, if your parents

78. - 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre suffer from anxiety disorders, ----.
cevaplayınız.

A) this will increase your risk of developing an

Anxiety disorders, like other psychological disorders, anxiety disorder
are caused by a combination of biological,
psychological, and social factors. If you have a
family history of anxiety disorders, you may be more B) there is probably a social factor causing it
vulnerable to stress, and this may increase your risk of
developing one. Sometimes, there may be a medical C) they should immediately take some medication
factor that is responsible for your anxiety, such as
thyroid disease or substance abuse. And any such
possible medical cause must be ruled out before D) they are advised to undergo a six-month therapy
your doctor can diagnose anxiety as a psychological programme
disorder. To be diagnosed with generalised anxiety
disorders, you must be unrealistically anxious about E) they should be careful with their eating habits
two or more life circumstances for at least six months.
You must also have at least three of the following
symptoms: problems with sleeping, fatigue, muscle
tension, restlessness, inability to concentrate and
irritability. Depending on your particular symptoms,
your doctor may advise therapy, medication, or both.
On the other hand, symptoms may be relieved by
regular exercise, relaxation methods, avoiding caffeine
and not smoking.

78. According to the passage, anxiety disorders ----. 80. It can be concluded from the passage that ----.

A) are a combination of other psychological disorders A) if you cannot concentrate on your job, you
certainly have an anxiety disorder
B) have three types and usually last for six months
B) negative effects of anxiety can be lessened by
several practices
C) are psychological problems mostly caused by
environmental factors
C) anxiety disorders are becoming more common
day by day
D) should be diagnosed after eliminating other
medical causes
D) people with anxiety disorders have difficulty in
waking up
E) may result from therapies and medication
E) therapy and medication must be used together to
get over anxiety disorders

TEST BİTTİ.
19 Diğer sayfaya EDİNİZ.
geçiniz.
YANITLARINIZI KONTROL
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

1. It has long been known that children’s cognitive and 8. From the beginning of history until about 1800, the
intellectual ……… adversely affect early academic work of the world ……… with hand tools; since then,
achievement and long-term educational success. people ……… machines to get the vast majority of the
A) deficits B) horizons work done, leading to a huge surplus of labour force.
C) commands D) findings A) is done / have been using
E) correlations B) was done / have used
C) had been done / used
D) was being done / use
2. Surrealism was a revolutionary movement in art and E) would be done / are using
literature which drew much of its ……… from the Dada
school of art and Sigmund Freud’s teachings of 9. ……… a situational level, the context in which an
psychoanalysis. advertisement appears can have an influence ……… how it
A) mediation B) distortion is interpreted.
C) reservation D) absorption A) With / for B) In / about
E) inspiration C) At / on D) Through / under
E) From / to

3. From its inception, the Roman Republic was a society 10. The emergence of many independent states from
prepared for war, with all ……… male citizens expected to European colonial rule was more significant ……… a large
bear arms for the state. portion of the world’s population than the Cold War, yet
A) peculiar B) hospitable this decolonisation has received less attention ………
C) eligible D) corrupt historians.
E) spiritual A) around / by B) at / over
C) to / from D) about / on
E) along/ with
4. Governing the area ……… known as the Middle East, the
Assyrian Empire was at its peak for about three hundred 11. Although John B. Watson’s objective methodological
years from the ninth to sixth centuries BCE. approach was rejected by authorities at first, it has had a
A) severely B) presently major impact ……… its influence on many psychologists
C) instinctively D) deliberately and gained widespread application ……… the world.
E) reasonably A) through / around B) for / towards
C) across / off D) about / along
E) from / with
5. In England, the animal rights movement had its origins
in an 1822 law intended to ……… cruelty to farm animals 12. ……… most people equate addiction with drugs,
such as cattles and sheep. virtually any product or service can be the focus of
A) prevent B) sustain psychological dependence.
C) foster D) enforce A) As long as B) Whenever
E) adopt C) While D) Just as
E) Because

6. Researchers have ……… why painter Edvard Munch’s 13. Italian Baroque music composer Domenico Scarlatti’s
1910 version of the Scream has begun to degrade: he used greatest contribution was his single-movement keyboard
impure cadmium yellow paint, which degrades even in sonatas, ……… only a small number were published in his
relatively low humidity. lifetime.
A) given way B) figured out A) yet B) so
C) depended upon D) coped with C) likewise D) otherwise
E) carried out E) that is

14. ……… behavioural consultation is based upon

7. Research, conducted lately, on the components of behavioural theory and procedures that have been
human intelligence ……… that although children generally effective in teaching new skills and reducing learning and
become faster in information processing with age, not all behaviour problems, it has become particularly popular in
components ……… more rapidly with age. school settings.
A) shows / were executed A) Only when B) In case
B) showed / have been executed C) While D) Because
C) had shown / were being executed E) Even if
D) has shown / are executed
E) is showing / would be executed
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

15. ……… most fears are relatively transient and age- Beginning in the mid-600s BCE, Lydia became involved in
specific, for some children these fears persist and evolve wars and alliances with other ancient peoples. This
into phobias. involvement came to a climax during the reign of Lydia’s
A) Since B) Only when last king, Croesus. He conquered Ephesus and other Greek
C) Although D) As long as cities (21) ……… the coast of Asia minor. Despite these
E) In case conquests, Croesus admired Greek culture and wanted to
remain on good terms with the people of Greece. His
hospitality to Greek visitors was famous as were his (22)
…….. gifts to Greek temples, spreading the story that he
16. No educational strategy will be effective in improving was enormously rich. Alarmed by the rising power of the
student achievement ……… the teacher implements it Persian empire under its leader, Cyrus the great, Croesus
accurately and consistently. urged Babylon, Egypt, and the Greek city-state of Sparta to
A) just as B) whenever form an alliance with him against the Persians. Before the
C) unless D) so that alliance formed, (23) ..……., croesus and Cyrus found
E) because themselves at war. (24)……... legend, the oracle at Delphi
told Croesus that if he made war on Persia, a mighty
kingdom would fall. The oracle did not tell him that the
fallen kingdom (25)……... his own. However, in the end,
17. ……… more than fifty years of growth in many of the Cyrus’s forces soundly defeated the Lydians.
economies of the less developed world, problems of
poverty are as severe as ever. 21.
A) As a consequence of B) Thanks to A) for B) on
C) In spite of D) With reference to C) among D) below
E) Together with E) about

22.
A) generous B) ambiguous
18. ……… serious efforts by town governments to regulate C) negligent D) plausible
waste disposal, sanitation was a constant problem in E) affordable
England during the medieval period.
A) According to B) Due to
C) With regard to D) Despite 23.
E) Except for A) however B) moreover
C) for instance D) hence
E) likewise

19. The great Rift along the western part of Nicaragua is

……… near sea level ………, until the construction of the 24.
Panama Canal, it was considered the most likely site for A) In terms of B) Prior to
joining the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. C) According to D) Apart from
A) either / or B) so / that E) Regardless of
C) both/ and D) such / that
E) as / as
25.
A) used to be B) may be
C) will be D) must be
20. Adaptation has a diversity of meanings, even within E) would be
areas ……… it is widely used, such as anthropology,
biology, and the humanities.
A) when B) in which
C) to which D) whom
E) whose
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

During the Islamic Golden Age, prominent scholars from 32. ………. because experimenting with different painting
the Islamic world contributed enormously to science, techniques will not only widen their creative
engineering, technology and medicine. One such horizons, but also prevent their work from becoming
scholar was al-Razi, also (26) ……… to Europeans by his repetitive.
Latinised name of Rhazes. He was one of the most A) Pushing their limits while painting is terrifying for artists
influential Islamic physicians of the pre-modern era. As who think that they may get disappointing results
a young man he cultivated talents in music and B) Techniques that are used in portrait painting and
philosophy, (27) ………, as he grew older, he turned his landscape painting differ from each other, requiring
attention to the study of medicine. Razi's contributions different paints or brushes
to medicine have been favourably compared to those of C) Artists are recommended to step outside of their
early physicians and scientists (28) ……… hippocrates, comfort zone and integrate something completely new
Galen, Ibn Sina, and Vesalius. Razi’s works were widely into their painting habits
used (29) ……… medieval and Renaissance Europe. His D) Non-conventional tools, such as a spatula, toothbrush,
translations and original works (30) ……… a critical link or an old comb, can be used to create different textural
among ancient Greek, Persian, and Indian medical effects
traditions and the later works of medieval and E) Finding the most appropriate colour tone to express
Renaissance physicians in Europe. their emotions and feelings might sometimes be
challenging for artists
26. 33. As it has been scientifically proven that there is little
A) knowing B) known correlation between intelligence and creativity, ……….
C) know D) to know A) one should not necessarily expect a highly intelligent
E) having known individual to come up with original ideas
B) many creative people have an exceptionally deep and
27. broad awareness of themselves
A) for instance B) in short C) the link between the two has always been a subject of
C) in other words D) so scholarly investigation
E) but D) creativity is seen more as a curse than a gift by those
who possess it
E) the richness and originality of thinking may sometimes
28. be misunderstood or exaggerated
A) while B) who
C) although D) such as 34. Today, in the UK, although public companies (those
E) otherwise that allow the public to buy shares) are usually the
more significant firms, and some of them are huge, ………
29. A) extensive information access to them is required by
A) towards B) throughout the law
C) at D) into B) laws differentiate between such companies and
E) about private ones
C) the private ones are not allowed to invite the public to
buy shares
30. D) they account for less than 5 per cent of all companies
A) underestimated B) eliminated in existence
C) distributed D) regulated E) the private ones have to limit their numbers of
E) provided Shareholders
35. Even though many researchers have described what
31. ……, it does not resolve a lot of lesser problems happens during the course of language development, ……
faced by minority Americans in the US health care A) there is much debate over just how children are able
system. to acquire such a complex system in such a short time
A) While ethnic minorities in the United States have less B) children begin to acquire some aspects of their native
access to health care language during their first few months of life
B) Regardless of the limited supply of health resources in C) all human languages share a number of systematic
poor, ethnic communities features that the young learner must master to be
C) Given that limited funding is the biggest obstacle to competent
providing health care access to minorities D) comprehension of utterances precedes the production
D) Whereas limited language proficiency can cause the of speech sounds, developing in line with the
misdiagnosis of symptoms improvement in infants’ communicative skills
E) Although health insurance coverage addresses the E) human language is a remarkable symbolic means of
issue of accessing to primary health care communication enabling individuals to convey their
thoughts to others
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

36. ……… ; yet, such a view is overly narrow and ignores 39. Contrary to how it Seems people never see the
the multiple ways in which globalisation operates as world as it really is ……….
a political, cultural, and ideological force as well. A) while overestimating the accuracy of their views leads
A) Globalisation receives considerable media attention people to make bad decisions based on incorrect
and lies at the core of many debates information
B) Globalisation is a complex subject that embraces B) even though most people have extreme difficulty
many topics from a wide variety of theoretical separating their interpretations of reality from reality
perspectives itself
C) A wide variety of factors such as advances in C) so that people can pretend to see things clearly, and
communication and transportation technologies have they claim their reactions are responses to actual
contributed to globalisation events
D) Globalisation has often been surrounded by erroneous D) because their perceptions are always some blend of
or simplistic misconceptions objective reality and personal interpretations of it
E) Much of the literature on globalisation has focused on E) even if they cannot fully escape the tendency to see
international trade and foreign investment reality through the filter of their own self-interest

37. In adult language courses, it is common to find 40. Police training manuals often emphasise that lie
learners who soon drop out ………. detectors should pay attention to how someone acts ………
A) given that language teachers frequently use the term A) because people are less able to control what they do
‘motivation’ when they describe successful or than what they say
unsuccessful learners B) even if truth tellers include more visual and auditory
B) although there are other factors such as attitudes and details in their accounts
environmental support that impact their attendance C) as people who are upset report what happened in
rates incomprehensible ways
C) because they realise that they cannot cope with D) so that liars could make their stories more plausible
the day-to-day demands of attending the classes and E) as if liars tended to tell their stories in a chronological
completing the assignments Order
D) even if they are pressed for time or overwhelmed by
stressors such as heavy workload and financial issues
E) so that they can realise language learning means far
more than simply learning a system of rules

38. ………, distinctive costume traditions of India have 41. ………, the phenomenon to which it refers, the
lasted for thousands of years. principle of avoiding behaviour that may offend particular
A) Even if Indians knew how to sew before the invasion of groups of people, is millennia old.
other cultures A) Although political correctness may also mean
B) Although Indian culture has felt the effects of many ideological conformity with those in power
outside influences B) Given that political correctness has not always been a
C) Because trade with the West opened India to the popular political movement
cultures of Europe C) As long as the current form of American political
D) Just as garments made in ancient India were woven of correctness is such an elitist concept
light fabric D) As political correctness is based on the belief that the
E) As many modern-day Indians wear clothes similar to language we use affects the way we think
Westerners E) While the term political correctness entered common
use only in the mid-1990s
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

42. Environmental determinism is the doctrine arguing 44. Humanitarian relief projects are undertaken by
that individual human actions, beliefs, and values governments, intergovernmental organisations and
are controlled or determined by environment. nongovernmental organisations in order to prevent
A) Bireysel insan eylemlerinin, inançlarının ve starvation, diseases, and other hardships.
değerlerinin çevre tarafından kontrol edildiğini veya A) Açlık, hastalıklar ve diğer sıkıntıları önlemek için
belirlendiğini savunan öğreti çevresel determinizm hükümetler, hükümetlerarası örgütler ve sivil toplum
olarak anılır. kuruluşları insani yardım projeleri yürütmektedir.
B) Çevresel determinizm, bireysel insan eylemlerinin, B) İnsani yardım projeleri açlık, hastalıklar ve diğer
inançlarının ve değerlerinin çevre tarafından kontrol sıkıntıları önlemek amacıyla hükümetler,
edildiği veya belirlendiği öğretisini savunur hükümetlerarası örgütler ve sivil toplum kuruluşları
C) Çevresel determinizm, bireysel insan eylemlerinin, tarafından yürütülür.
inançlarının ve değerlerinin çevre tarafından kontrol C) Hükümetler, hükümetlerarası örgütler ve sivil toplum.
edildiğini veya belirlendiğini savunan öğretidir. kuruluşları tarafından yürütülen insani yardım projeleri,
D) Çevresel determinizmi savunan öğretiye göre bireysel açlık, hastalıklar ve diğer sıkıntıları önleme amacı
insan eylemleri, inançları ve değerleri çevre tarafından taşımaktadır.
kontrol edilerek belirlenir. D) Açlık, hastalıklar ve diğer sıkıntıları önleyecek insani
E) Çevresel determinizm öğretisine göre, bireysel insan yardım projeleri hükümetler, hükümetlerarası örgütler
eylemleri, inançları ve değerleri çevre tarafından Ve sivil toplum kuruluşları tarafından yürütülür.
kontrol edilir veya belirlenir. E) Hükümetler, hükümetlerarası örgütler ve sivil toplum.
kuruluşları açlık, hastalıklar ve diğer sıkıntıları insani
yardım projeleri yürüterek önlemektedir.

43. Like many other urban centres in the People’s 45. In the late 1950s and early 1960s many studies were
Republic of China, Beijing has also struggled with conducted to determine whether people’s rank in
managing the growing amounts of waste materials birth order among their siblings was correlated to
produced by its populace. the later development of schizophrenia.
A) Halkının üretmiş olduğu artan miktardaki atık A) 1950'lerin sonu ve 1960'ların başlarında,
maddeler, Pekin gibi Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti'ndeki diğer kişilerin kardeşleri arasındaki doğum sırasının İleride
pek çok kent merkezini zor duruma sokmaktadır. şizofreninin gelişmesiyle ilişkili olup olmadığını
B) Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti'ndeki diğer pek çok kent merkezi belirlemek için birçok çalışma yapılmıştır.
gibi, Pekin de halkı tarafından üretilen artan miktardaki B) Kişilerin kardeşleri arasındaki doğum sırası ile ileride
atık maddelerle başa çıkmakta zorlanmaktadır. şizofreni oluşması arasında bir lişki olduğunu
C) Pekin de dâhil olmak üzere Çin Halk göstermek için 1950'lerin sonu ve 1960'ların
Cumhuriyeti'ndeki pek çok kent merkezi, halkının başlarında birçok çalışma yapılmıştır.
üretmiş olduğu atık maddelerin giderek artması C) 1950'lerin sonu ve 1960'ların başlarında yapılmış olan
nedeniyle zor duruma düşmektedir. birçok çalışmanın amacı, kişilerin kardeşleri arasındaki
D) Pekin gibi Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti'ndeki diğer pek çok doğum sırasının ileride şizofreninin gelişmesiyle ilişkili
kent merkezi, halkının ürettiği atık maddeler giderek olup olmadığını belirlemektir.
arttığı için bunlarla başa çıkarken zorlanmaktadır. D) Kişilerin kardeşleri arasındaki doğum sırasının ileride
E) Halkının ürettiği atık maddelerin giderek şizofreninin gelişmesiyle ilişkili olduğunu gösteren,
artması, Pekin gibi Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti'ndeki diğer 1950'lerin sonu ve 1960'ların başlarında yapılmış
pek çok kent merkezini bunlarla başa çıkma birçok çalışma vardır.
konusunda zorlamaktadır. E) 1950'lerin sonu ve 1960'ların başlarında yapılan birçok
çalışmada, kişilerin kardeşleri arasındaki doğum
sırasının ileride şizofreni oluşması ile ilişkili olup
olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

46. Although both are increasingly popularised versions 48. Her ne kadar medeniyet insanlarin Mezopotamya’ya
of running where speed and endurance are of great yerleşmesiyle ortaya çıkmış olsa da
importance, marathon is only run for competition, bölünmelere rağmen millet ve kültür gibi
while long-distance running can be done for kavramların üzerinde durulmaya başlanması Çin'de
recreation. olmuştur.
A) Uzun mesafe koşusu eğlence için yapılabilirken A) Even though people started civilisation by settling in
maraton sadece yarışma için koşulur, ancak her ikisi Mesopotamia, the emphasis on concepts like nation
de hız ve dayanıklılığın oldukça önemli olduğu and culture began in China in spite of invasions and
koşunun gittikçe yaygınlaşan türleridir. divisions.
B) Herikisi de hız ve dayanıklılığın büyük önem taşıdığı B) While civilisation began in Mesopotamia with the
koşunun gittikçe yaygınlaşan türleri olsa da uzun settlement of people, concepts like nation and culture
mesafe koşusu eğlence için yapılabilirken maraton began to be emphasised in China in spite of invasions
sadece yarışma için koşulur. and divisions.
C) Hem uzun mesafe koşusu hem de maraton, hız ve C) Although civilisation began with the settlement of
dayanıklılığın büyük önem taşıdığı koşunun gittikçe people in Mesopotamia, it was in China, despite
yaygınlaşan türleridir. ancak birisi eğlence için invasions and divisions, that concepts like nation and
yapılabilirken diğeri sadece yarışma için koşulur. culture began to be emphasised.
D) Herikisi de hız ve dayanıklılığın son derece önemli D) The settlement of people in Mesopotamia gave birth to
olduğu koşunun gittikçe yaygınlaşan türleri olmasına civilisation; however, it was in China that the concepts
rağmen, uzun mesafe koşusu eğlence için, maraton of nation and culture were given emphasis due to
ise sadece yarışma için koşulur. invasions and divisions.
E) Uzun mesafe koşusu eğlence için yapılırken maraton E) The emphasis on the concepts of nation and culture
sadece yarışma için koşulur ve koşunun gittikçe began in China due to invasions and divisions even if
yaygınlaşan bu iki türünde hız ve dayanıklılık büyük it was in Mesopotamia where people started
önem taşır. civilisation by settling there

47. Hammurabi, who reigned 1792-1750 BCE according 49. Afrika ülkelerindeki politik ve ekonomik yaşam
to the widely accepted chronology of ancient koşulları iyileşmedikçe, gelişmiş ülkelerde daha iyi
Mesopotamia, was the sixth and most prominent bir yaşam arayan Afrikalıların sayısının artmaya
king of the First Dynasty of Babylon. devam etmesi muhtemeldi.
A) Yaygın şekilde kabul gören eski Mezopotamya A) The number of Africans seeking a better life in
kronolojisine göre M.Ö. 1792-1750 yıllarında hüküm developed countries is likely to increase as the
süren Hammurabi, Birinci Babil Hanedanlığının altıncı political and economic living conditions in
ve en önemli kralıydı African countries do not improve.
B) Birinci Babil Hanedanlığının altıncı ve en önemli kralı B) The improvement of political and economic living
olan Hammurabi, yaygın şekilde kabul gören antik conditions in African countries depends on the
Mezopotamya kronolojisine göre M.Ö. 1792-1750 decrease in the number of Africans looking for a better
yıllarında hüküm sürmüştür. life in developed countries.
C) Hammurabi, yaygın şekilde kabul gören eski C) Even if the political and economic living conditions in
Mezopotamya kronolojisine göre M.Ö. 1792-1750 African countries improve, Africans seeking a better
yıllarında hüküm sürmüştür ve Birinci Babil life in developed countries are likely to continually
Hanedanlığının altıncı ve en önemli kralıdır. increase in number.
D) Yaygın şekilde kabul görmüş olan eski Mezopotamya D) As long as the life conditions of Africans in African
kronolojisine göre M.Ö. 1792-1750 yıllarında hüküm countries do not improve in terms of political and
süren Hammurabi, Birinci Babil Hanedanlığının altıncı economic issues, more and more Africans will
ve en önemli kralı olarak bilinir. continue seeking a potentially better life in developed
E) Yaygın şekilde kabul gören eski Mezopotamya countries.
kronolojisine göre M.Ö. 1792-1750 yıllarında hüküm E) Unless the political and economic living conditions in
süren ve Birinci Babil Hanedanlığının altıncı ve en önemli African countries improve, it is likely that the number of
kralı Hammurabi'dir. Africans seeking a better life in developed countries
will continue to increase.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

50. Çoğu öğrenci, hem sınıf arkadaşları hem de 52. Sanayileşmenin iki yüzyıllık bir dönem boyunca
öğretmenleri ile olan ilişkilerine önem verir ve sürdüğü büyük Batı şehirlerinin aksine, Dubai bu
genellikle bu ilişkilerden büyük destek görür. tür bir dönüşümü sadece 50 yıl içerisinde yaşadı.
A) Their relationships with both classmates and teachers A) Different from major Western cities whose
are valued by most students, and great support is industrialisation lasted for a period of two centuries,
often provided to them by these relationships. Dubai needed only 50 years to go through such kind of
B) Relationships with classmates as well as with teachers Transformation.
are valuable for most students in that they are usually B) Although the industrialisation of major Western cities
supported by these relationships to a great extent. took place over a period of two centuries, such kind
C) A great deal of support most students get from of transformation was experienced in only 50 years in
relationships with classmates and teachers is why Dubai.
they usually value these relationships. C) In contrast to major Western cities where
D) Most students value their relationships with both industrialisation lasted for a period of two centuries,
their classmates and teachers, and often they get a Dubai experienced such kind of transformation in only
good deal of support from these relationships. 50 years.
E) Through valuing their relationships not only with D) While major Western cities underwent industrialisation
classmates but also with teachers, most students over a period of two centuries, Dubai completed such
often enjoy tremendous support from these kind of transformation in only 50 years.
relationships. E) Contrary to major Western cities which went
through industrialisation over a period of two centuries,
it took only 50 years for Dubai to undergo such
kind of transformation.

51. Fazlasıyla hassas ve yetersiz duygusal kontrole 53. Araştırmalar, antidepresan ilaçlarının yetişkinlerdeki
sahip olan küçük çocuklar, sosyal olsalar bile, Depresyon için etkili tedavi yöntemleri olabileceğini
olumlu sosyal etkilesit girmekte ve ilişkileri açıkça gösterse de, çocuklar için antidepresan ilaç
sürdürmekte zorlanmaktadırlar. kullanımı tartışmalıdır.
A) As they are highly sensitive and have insufficient A) Although research clearly demonstrates that
emotional control, toddlers have problems in having antidepressant medications can be effective treatment
positive social interactions and maintaining methods for depression in adults, the use of
relationships even if they are sociable antidepressant medication for children has been
B) Even the sociable toddlers have a hard time entering controversial.
into positive social interactions and maintaining their B) Despite the obvious presence of the research
relationships if they are highly sensitive and do not demonstrating that antidepressant medications can be
have much emotional control effective treatment methods for depression in adults,
C) Even if they are sociable, some toddlers have a hard the use of antidepressant medication for children is
time engaging in positive social interactions and open to discussion.
maintaining their relationships as they are too C) Using antidepressant medications for children is a
sensitive and have little emotional control. controversial issue, yet research evidently shows that
D) Even though some toddlers are sociable, they may antidepressant medications can be effective treatment
have a hard time having positive social interactions methods for depression in adults.
and maintaining relationships when they act too D) No matter how effective antidepressant medications
sensitively and have insufficient control over their could be for depression in adults, itis clear from
emotions. research that using antidepressant medications with
E) Toddlers who are highly sensitive and have insufficient children could be controversial.
emotional control have a difficult time entering into E) Despite the controversy over the use of antidepressant
positive social interactions and maintaining medication for children, antidepressant medications
relationships even if they are sociable. could provide effective treatment methods for
depression in adults.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

54. Attachments are emotional bonds that unite people 56. On September 1, 1830, the 28-year-old poet Victor
across time and space. Attachments form beginning Hugo sat down to write Chapter 1 of a book called
in infancy, where they contribute to human survival Notre Dame de Paris. His wife recalled: “He bought
by bringing infants, who are dependent on the care himself a bottle of ink and a huge grey knitted
of an adult, and their caregivers together. ……… shawl, which covered him from head to foot; locked
Forming attachments to parents or caregivers away his formal clothes, so that he would not be
through such mutual exchange is seen as a tempted to go out; and entered his novel as if it
hallmark of socioemotional development in the first were a prison.” By the le of January 1831 the
year of life. book was, astonishingly, finished, and Hugo had
A) Behaviours such as crying and clinging on the part of written nearly 180,000 words in four and a half
infants and protection and comforting of caregivers months. ---- The English edition was called The
result in physical and emotional closeness. Hunchback of Notre Dame, a title at once more
B) Attachments can change over time, but these changes vulgar and more alluring, and Hugo became world
are only likely to result from very significant changes in famous.
the caregiving environment. A) Hugo's huge novel begins with a passage in which he
C) Sometimes, however, infants develop attachments imagines a fire at the Cathedral of Notre Dame.
that reflect uncertainty or distrust in the B) Colourful and violent, it has many vivid scenes,
responsiveness of the caregiver. including a dramatic midnight attack on the Cathedral
D) Essential to the concept of attachment is the belief of Notre Dame.
that differences in caregiving yield different attachment C) It got poor reviews but the public loved it, and it was
patterns. quickly translated into other languages.
E) Characteristics of attachment relationships are most D) When Victor Hugo began writing the novel, the
clearly shown when the child is stressed. Cathedral of Notre Dame was in danger of collapsing
E) Hugo, the central figure of the Romantic movement in
France, wrote a number of other novels besides
Notre Dame de Paris.

55. Whenever we hear music, it sets off a series of 57. The goal of the communication process is mutual
reactions that could have several effects on our understanding - sharing the rope together and
minds and bodies. For a start, music can trigger our maintaining its strength. When this goal is achieved,
memories. When we play a tune that we have participants hear each other out and easily
listened to before, our brain may call up what we understand what they want to convey. ……… Instead,
were doing and how we were feeling when you they communicate in a collaborative fashion - a
heard it last. ------ Second, hearing mellow music conversation characterised by respect and sincerity.
might help the body dial down the production of They may have their differences, but differences are
stress hormones, like cortisol or epinephrine. not an excuse to contradict; rather, differences are
Calming tunes, like you would hear at a beauty spa, issues to work through to reach the desired
might also prompt a slowing of your heart rate or a outcome.
deepening of your breathing. A) When their goals differ from each other, interpersonal
A) Music tastes can change throughout one's entire conflicts may arise, disrupting the communication
lifetime. process,
B) There is a powerful connection between an individual's B) For many people, one of the biggest challenges at the
personality and music tastes workplace is to communicate with others successfully.
C) Not all patients with psychological disorders respond C) During the communication process, participants take
positively to music therapy turns being senders and receivers.
D) To understand the complexity of music, we need to D) They do not battle as competitors, nor do they
use the brain's Centre for executive thought. create obstacles to their interaction.
E) For instance, when we are not feeling very well, we E) Listening actively and expressing their messages to
could listen to a tune from a happier time to feel each other in a clear way help them communicate
better. effectively.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

58. Humans are not the only tool-users and tool-makers. 60. (I) The knowledge that native speakers have is mostly
……… Tool-use and tool-making are found in such unconscious knowledge. (II) They ‘know’ how to use
diverse groups of vertebrates that tool behaviour their language, but they usually cannot explain how or
carries no implications for the relatedness of why they say what they say. (lll) Speakers must know
species and is in most cases simply an the meanings of the words they use. (IV) The scientific
opportunistic solution to a local adaptive problem. description and explanation of this knowledge, as
For example, gorillas shake and drop vegetation to possessed by a language's native users, is known
discourage intrusion. While floating on their backs, broadly as descriptive grammar. (V) In its folk sense,
sea otters balance stones on their chests to crack however, grammar often refers to prescriptive rules of
open mussels. Overall, the mere presence of use that are, in fact, social rules rather than linguistic
tool-use or tool-making does not make humans rules.
unique. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) It is important to be clear as to what we mean by
tool-making, which is a human-specific behaviour.
B) Many mammals and birds also modify and use objects
to assist them with nesting, feeding, defence, and so
on
C) Human tool behaviour is special than that of animals
which use objects in their environment.
D) There are, definitely, considerable differences 61. (I) Shortly after a traumatic event, most traumatised
between human tool-use and animal tool-use. people experience significant emotional distress that, in
E) Of all the animals that use tools in a sophisticated the majority of cases, diminishes over time.
way, the chimpanzee is the most remarkable example. (ll) Individuals, for example, may label many different
events as traumatic. (ll) Although there are individual
differences in patterns of emotional recovery from a
traumatic event, most people recover within the first few
weeks or months after the event. (IV) However, a
substantial minority experience persistent chronic
psychological problems related to the trauma. (V) In
some cases, individuals appear to recover relatively well
from the trauma, only to have trauma related problems
59. On 24 August 79 AD, the volcano of Mount surface months or years later.
Vesuvius, which was thought to be extinct, A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
reawakened and blew up, spewing a
mushroom-shaped cloud into the air to the
amazement and terror of the onlookers. When the
eruption was over, the cities of Pompeii
Herculaneum, and Stabiae had been sealed in
ash and lava. ……… The Lava preserved the wall
decorations of the houses and the mosaics on their
floors for modern excavators to discover.
While wall-paintings from other sites are only
isolated finds, the art from Pompeii and
Herculaneum show the change in Roman taste 62. (I) Born in Illinois, Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the
over three centuries. United States of America, achieved fame as an actor in
A) The eruption would claim the total destruction of Hollywood movies and television before turning to
official records that were the major sources for politics. (ll) In 1966, Reagan was elected governor of
information about Roman art. California, owing in part to a wave of voter reaction to a
B) Pompeii and Herculaneum were covered with ash, student rebellion at the University of California at
leaving no living creature behind. Berkeley, and served until 1975. (III) He narrowly missed
C) While the eruption was a terrible tragedy in the ancient the Republican Party nomination for president in 1976
world, it was a blessing for modem art historians. before succeeding in 1980 and going on to win the
D) Pompeii and Stabiae, directly beneath the volcano, presidency. (IV) In foreign policy, President Reagan
were only covered in easily removable ash and sought a more aggressive role for the nation. (V) Known.
pumice. as the ‘Great Communicator’ for his mastery of
E) However, it was in Pompeii where the first examples of television, Reagan won re-election in 1984.
Roman amphitheatres were constructed in 80 BCE. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

63. (l) The 18th century witnessed one of the fundamental In the 1970s, the American psychologist Andrew
shifts in European education, in which scientific and Meltzoff initiated a revolution of sorts in developmental
technical education would assume a more central role psychology when he demonstrated that newborns.
(ll) Women’s education in the sciences was usually instinctively imitate some rudimentary facial
restricted to simple math for doing household accounts expressions such as a slight smile. The youngest of the
and some medicine and ‘kitchen chemistry’. (lll) The babies who was tested by Meltzoff was only forty-one
main process by which this came about was the greater minutes old. Every second of his life had been
involvement in education by state as opposed to the documented in order to demonstrate that he had not
church. (IV) The basic function of most European previously seen the gestures that Meltzoff performed for
schools had been religious indoctrination, the teaching his experiment. Still, the baby managed to imitate those
of simple skills, and, for boys, the Latin language. gestures. Thus, Meltzoff argued, an innate mechanism
(V) 18th-century educational reformers emphasised must be present in the newborn's brain that allows
utility and practical knowledge, frequently identified with such imitative behaviour to take place. This evidence
mathematics and science. was revolutionary because dogma held that babies
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V learn to imitate in the second year of life, a belief
originating in the work of Jean Piaget, probably the most
influential figure ever in the field of developmental
psychology. In effect, the Piaget school implicitly suggested
64. (I) When colonial powers invade other countries, their that babies learn to imitate, but Meltzoff’s
languages often become dominant. (II) For example, data suggested that they may actually learn by imitating.
countries such as Britain, France, and Spain have
generally imposed their languages along with their rule. 66. The underlined word ‘rudimentary’ in the passage is
(III) However, this has not always resulted in language closest in meaning to ……… .
shift or death because it might not be possible for a A) weird B) basic
single alien and imported language to displace or C) doubtful D) serious
eradicate hundreds of indigenous languages. E) intense
(IV) Multilingualism, for instance, has been
well-established as normal in former colonial countries
like India and Papua New Guinea. (V) Most Aboriginal 67. What was Meltzoff’s main reason for using a very
people in Australia and many American Indian people in young participant in his research?
the USA have similarly lost their languages over four or A) Comparing his findings from this participant with those
five generations of colonial rule. in other studies
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V B) Ruling out the findings of another study on older
babies
C) Ensuring the absence of prior knowledge of the
expressions displayed
D) Experimenting on newborns of different ages
irrespective of gender
65. (I) Across its fairly short history, psychology has had E) Reproducing the newborn’s reactions through imagery
several major theoretical movements. (II) Perhaps the
most important are Behaviourism, Gestalt Theory, 68. It is clear from the passage that Jean Piaget ……….
Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Theory, Humanistic A) generally had less of an impact on developmental
Theories, Attachment Theory, Socio-biology, psychology than Meltzoff
Neurobiological Theories, and Cognitive Science. B) suggested that babies are not born with the
(III) Behaviourism is the schools of psychology that innate ability to imitate
considers observable behaviour to be the only C) proved that the newborn's brain has an innate
worthwhile object of study. (IV) Some of these mechanism
movements were natural outgrowths of earlier ones, and D) was able to revolutionise experimental techniques on
others were reactions against earlier approaches. newborns
(V) These movements have shaped psychology’s history E) would agree with Meltzoff’s ideas about imitative
and most contemporary psychologists do not limit behaviour to a great extent
themselves to any one theoretical view.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

Whereas colonisation is generally defined as the 71. What is the primary purpose of the author?
occupation and control of one territory by another, A) To describe the characteristics of the decolonisation
generally by the European empires, decolonisation process after World War II
technically refers to the break-up of empires and the B) To compare the Indian independence movement with
formal independence of the former colonies. World other movements
systems theorists argue that the opportunities for states C) To explain how the Western control over Asia and
on the global periphery to fight against colonial powers Africa first started
are best when the core (the controlling power) is in D) To inform the reader on decolonisation by giving
crisis. Thus, the Napoleonic Wars of the early 19th examples from history
century afforded Latin America the opportunity to break E) To show the differences between Latin America and
away fairly early. Similarly, World Wars I and II proved Asia based on their decolonisation process
to be the remarkable moments when the Western
control over much of Africa and Asia was finally broken.
The shift toward decolonisation during the post-World
War II era was complex. Often independence There are those who say that there really is no such
movements were composed of broad coalitions of thing as ‘forensic science’; that instead, it is a collection
nationalists, students, the intelligentsia, and peasants, of scientific techniques and principles borrowed from
frequently led by Western-educated intellectuals (e.g., Ho ‘real’ sciences such as chemistry, biology, physics,
Chi Minh in Vietnam, Mohandas Gandhi in India). medicine, and mathematics. However, although many of
The struggle for independence was violent, involving the techniques used in modern forensic science have
prolonged guerrilla conflicts and wars, extending over a been borrowed from other sciences, it is also true that in
period of years, and sometimes decades. The relatively recent years, it has matured into a scientific discipline in
peaceful independence movement in India was the its own right. Many techniques used in the analysis of
exception, although the division of South Asia into India physical evidence have been designed and perfected
and Pakistan involved extensive civil conflict and the principally for forensic puposes. Also, forensic science
deaths of millions. does not just involve analysis of chemical, physical and
biological materials. There are important considerations
of collection and preservation of evidence, interpretation
of findings from analysis, and presentation of expert,
69. According to world systems theorists, ………. scientific testimony in criminal and civil courts. These
A) the division of the world into core states and periphery processes are not isolated, and they are carefully
states should be objected by all nations integrated by forensic science, which has led it to have an
B) the decolonisation process of Asia and Africa was obvious impact on the criminal and civil justice
initiated by the European empires after World Wars I systems in the world. This is actually what makes
and II forensic science a unique field of study.
C) decolonisation of a territory is most likely to occur
when colonisers are going through extremely difficult
times
D) the Napoleonic Wars had a more profound effect on
decolonisation compared to World Wars I and II
E) Latin America received the heaviest damage from the
Napoleonic Wars in the early 19th century 72. It is pointed out in the passage that forensic science
……….
A) must be equipped with new techniques and principles
so that it can be called a separate scientific discipline
B) has borrowed its principles and techniques from other
70. According to the passage, the Indian independence disciplines, and thus it cannot be seen as a scientific
movement ………. discipline alone
A) was greatly supported by the European powers as it C) is a scientific discipline that contributes enormously to
was a relatively peaceful movement other disciplines such as chemistry and biology
B) was unusual compared to other independence D) has evolved into a distinct discipline, which has a
movements as it was less violent number of techniques particularly developed for
C) was triggered by the guerrilla conflicts inside the forensic purposes
country E) has to employ a large variety of techniques from other
D) was different from other movements given that disciplines since its own techniques have not yet
it included people from various walks of life been improved
E) was led especially by Western-educated intellectuals,
who introduced the term ‘decolonisation’
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

73. According to the passage, what makes forensic 75. According to the passage, the Itinerarium
science a unique field study? Antoninus ……….
A) Chemical, physical and biological materials are A) was more reliable compared to Leonardo da Vinci's
analysed in a more detailed way in forensic science perambulator
than in any other discipline B) could be accepted as an earlier form of road map
B) Its principles and techniques have become C) included the same town names as those in John
completely different from those of some other ‘real’ Ogilvy's Britannia
sciences. D) lacked certain features compared to other similar
C) The processes related to the collection, preservation, books of the period
evaluation, and presentation of evidence are included E) could be printed only after the invention of engraving
in forensic science Processes
D) Criminal and civil courts now require the careful
analysis of physical evidence more frequently
than they did in the past.
E) Different techniques and principles are adopted
in each process of forensic science.

74. What is the passage mainly about? 76. It is clear from the passage that Leonardo da Vinci
A) The main characteristics of the processes followed in ……….
forensic science A) inspired John Ogilvy for his illustrations to design a
B) Current techniques used in forensic science to sophisticated '‘waywiser’ in 1675
analyse physical evidence B) updated the road books compiled in Roman times
C) Different disciplines whose techniques and principles through his precise map illustrations
are used in forensic science C) illustrated his ‘perambulator’, but the device might not
D) The impact of forensic science on the criminal and civil have been produced at all
justice systems in the world D) was able to meet the growing need for accurate road
E) The reasons why forensic science can be described books with his invention
As a scientific discipline E) was doubtful of earlier maps for their lack of accuracy
in measuring distances

Road books, showing the main towns, features and

crossroads and the distances between them had existed
as early as Roman times, the Itinerarium Antoninus
being compiled about AD 200. The Romans probably
measured distances in paces, not the most reliable
method. Leonardo da Vinci illustrated in his notebook a
form of ‘perambulator’ or odometer, in which a pebble
fell into a box every time the wheel revolved but, like so 77. Which of the following can be the best title for this
many of the inventions that he sketched, it is doubtful if passage?
it was ever made. An illustration in John Ogilvy's A) The Need for Accurate Maps in Earlier Ages
Britannia, published in 1675, shows a waywiser, for B) The Leading Role of the Romans in Writing Road
measuring road distances, rolling along a roadway with Books
a more sophisticated form of gearing to count the C) The Current Techniques Used for Printing Road Books
rotations of its wheel. Waywisers became quite common D) A Brief History of Measuring Road Distances
by the mid-eighteenth century and, with more people E) The Role of Computers in the Art of Cartography
travelling, there was a growing demand for road books
showing distances. All maps were originally printed by
engraving processes as they were successively developed.
Today we can rely on precise and accurate
maps, and the techniques of computer aided design and
other advanced printing methods as applied to
cartography, allow a high degree of accuracy and
frequent updating.
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

Sadness comes in response to a real or potential loss 80. According to the passage, instead of avoiding
and signals that restoration is needed. As a result, it negative feelings, one should ……….
motivates change, and different types of sadness A) embrace them to be able to mature
stimulate different types of fix. In one study, subjects B) question whether they are treated fairly
imagined breaking up with their partner, failing to C) be more sensitive to the social norms
achieve an important goal and then listed all the things D) focus more on positive feelings
they would like to do. Those who felt a relationship loss E) try to develop skills like rational thinking
outlined the most social activities, and those who felt
failure listed more work-related activities. Sadness
makes you more rational and your thinking more
concrete. It reduces naivety, forgetfulness, and the
likelihood of becoming a victim of unfair treatment. It
also makes you more sensitive to social norms,
increasing politeness and fairness. By contrast,
happiness can lead to superficial thinking,
overconfidence, and extreme risk taking. Accepting
negative feelings such as sadness can, ironically, lower
depression; it does not compound the problem by making
people feel bad for feeling bad. Avoiding
sadness, anger or boredom means distancing ourselves
from our negative feelings, which can damage everyday
functioning and growth. It also alienates us from the full
range of human experience. Therefore, accepting
negative feelings can be one of the hugest growing
experiences one will ever have.

78. According to the passage, the reason for our

sadness ……….
A) can differ but this feeling may refer to a need to
change
B) depends on what we expect from life: success in work
or social life
C) might be more serious if it results from a social relation
D) is generally associated with our work-life balance
E) is directly related to our personality traits

79. It is clearly stated in the passage that feeling sad ……….

A) can provide us with better qualities compared to
happiness
B) means that we are less rational but more confident
C) brings potentially serious risks to our lives
D) might make us more superficial in our relationships
E) makes more sense after very important losses
2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL BİLİMLER

2022 AĞUSTOS YÖKDİL SOSYAL

CEVAP ANAHTARI
1 A 21 B 41 E 61 B
2 E 22 A 42 C 62 D
3 C 23 A 43 B 63 B
4 B 24 C 44 B 64 E
5 A 25 E 45 A 65 C
6 B 26 B 46 B 66 B
7 D 27 E 47 A 67 C
8 B 28 D 48 C 68 B
9 C 29 B 49 E 69 C
10 C 30 E 50 D 70 B
11 A 31 E 51 E 71 D
12 C 32 C 52 C 72 D
13 A 33 A 53 A 73 C
14 D 34 D 54 A 74 E
15 C 35 A 55 E 75 B
16 C 36 E 56 C 76 B
17 C 37 C 57 D 77 D
18 D 38 B 58 B 78 A
19 B 39 D 59 C 79 A
20 B 40 A 60 C 80 A
2022 Mart Yökdil Sağlık
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

1. DNA carries genetic instructions about how our bodies 6. All modern research recognises that the cell is the
are built, and it controls the way a baby is going to grow fundamental unit, housing the genetic material and the
up-its height, hair colour, and ………. to certain diseases. biochemical organisation that …… the existence of life.
A) adherence B) susceptibility A) break into B) get through
C) acceptability D) proximity C) account for D) set back
E) familiarity E) take in

2. A number of serious ……… had an effect on agriculture 7. When a supersonic plane flies faster than the speed of
in the latter half of the 20th century: rapid population sound, the pressure waves in front do not have time ……
increases, environmental deterioration, and energy price around the aircraft and the air becomes compressed,
destabilisation. eventually ……. a shock wave.
A) resolutions B) perceptions A) to be flowing / to be producing
C) benefits D) concerns B) flowing / to produce
E) innovations C) to flow / producing
D) having flowed / having produced
E) being flowed / to have produced

3. As lots of information on insects has been lacking and 8. Since the earliest days of the Mercury program, NASA
endangered species documentation is …….. , the number …….. medical data from its astronauts by studying their
of at-risk insect species is certainly underestimated. physiological responses to spaceflight, and in 2014, it ……
A) irrelevant B) inevitable a large report compiled from decades of data.
C) undeniable D) irreversible A) was gathering / may have released
E) unreliable B) had been gathering / has released
C) would be gathering / had to release
D) has been gathering / released
E) gathered / had released

4. Agriculturalists manipulated plant and animal species 9. Heat and light from the Sun result in seasonal change
so ……… that they began to alter the genetic makeup of …….. the planet Neptune, ……… each season lasting
prey species in a process commonly referred to as roughly 40 years.
domestication. A) to / from
A) equally B) instinctively B) on / with
C) respectively D) intensively C) in / under
E) initially D) over / at
E) by / through

5. In the future, medical prescriptions could be distributed 10. Aritmetic; which is a branch of mathematics,
to patients by an ATM-like robot, remotely controlled by developed slowly …….. the course of human history,
an algorithm to ……… the right doses at the right times. primarily evolving …….. the operation of counting.
A) reverse B) overcome A) in / on
C) exclude D) ensure B) at / by
E) admit C) over / from
D) with / about
E) towards / under
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

11. After crude oil is removed ……… the ground, it is sent 16. ……. Astronauts exposed to space radiation during
to a refinery by pipeline, ship or barge, and at the space travel, it can lead to the build-up of fats and
refinery, different parts of the crude oil are separated ……. cholesterol in blood vessels, which can cause strokes or
usable petroleum products. heart attacks.
A) through / to B) with / about A) Unless B) Even though
C) from / into D) at / over C) When D) As if
E) on / for E) Until

12. ……. the earliest efforts to develop electric vehicles 17. ……… the capacity for long-term memory, which is
were made in France and Britain, the honour of the first considered to be virtually unlimited, the capacity for
truly successful electric car goes to Scottish-born William working memory is limited to a few items.
Morrison in the United States. A) In terms of B) In case of
A) Because B) While C) Thanks to D) Unlike
C) If D) Once E) As a result of
E) In order that

13. ……. Steel was the dominant engineering material in 18. A thunderstorm is a violent storm that causes thunder
the 20th century, a number of other alloys developed and lightning ……. heavy precipitation and strong winds.
later found widespread use in particular applications. A) such as B) in favor of
A) In case B) Although C) as well as D) contrary to
C) Since D) As soon as E) in tems of
E) Given that

14. The big boom in renewable energy has not reduced 19. A bridge has to be able to withstand …… the forces of
our use of fossil fuels …… we keep demanding more and normal, everyday traffic …….. unusual forces of
more energy. unexpected magnitude.
A) as if B) because A) neither / nor B) such / as
C) before D) although C) both / and D) as / as
E) whereas E) the more / the more

15. Global temperatures will probably rise much faster 20. The biggest volcanic eruption of the past 20,000 years
over approaching decades ……. we lower greenhouse gas spewed out around 140 billion tons of ash and rock, ………
emissions. is equivalent to the mass of 1.5 million aircraft carriers.
A) so that B) once A) which B) where
C) because D) just as C) when D) what
E) unless E) how
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

Drones are increasingly used for aerial photography, It is only in the last 100 years or so that the dog has so
fuelled by improvements in technology. (21) ……… the cleverly and successfully moved into our homes and hearts.
photographs taken by drones, a wide range of challenging The genetic potential to adapt to a range of new
tasks can now be performed with ease, such as monitoring environments was always within the dog, and by moving
volcanic eruptions and controlling wildfires. (21) ………, in into our homes, that ability to adapt was accelerated. Only
recent years, there have been growing safety fears over a few generations ago, dogs were bred to have certain
drones. To give an example, in 2015, a drone enthusiast characteristics that were appropriate (26) ………specific
who flew his device over Buckingham Palace, the Houses of jobs, such as guarding and hunting. Dogs have inherited
Parliament and football stadiums was banned in the first their flexible brains from their wolf ancestors. Wolves, then
court trial of its kind in the UK. And last summer, the Civil as now, used the ‘learning centres’ in their brains to (27)
Aviation Authority, the pilots' union BALPA and air traffic ………. problems encountered in the wild. Dogs have turned
control company NATS (23) ……… a drone safety campaign. this ability to the demands of domesticity. (28)……… their
The SkyWall 100 is the first of a series of anti-drone devices original jobs like providing help in search-and-rescue
designed (24) ……… the 'civil drone threat'. Built by a UK operations or protecting their owners against burglars or
engineering firm (25) ……… use by authorities such as the strangers, dogs have increasingly been bred for
police, it first uses a laser rangefinder and on-board companionship. (29)………, their integration with members
computer to calculate the speed and position of a drone. of the human family has made them our close friends. With
their loyalty and strong desire to play, they can boost our
21. mood and energy, (30)……… our psychological well-being.
A) Regardless of B) Thanks to Who would not prefer to return home to a wagging tail
C) Rather than D) Contrary to than a cold, empty house?
E) Instead of
26.
A) over B) for
C) about D) from
E) into
22.
A) At first B) To summarise
C) However D) Similarly
E) Therefore 27.
A) back up B) turn down
C) give in D) deal with
E) call for

23.
A) devastated B) questioned
C) penetrated D) abandoned 28.
E) launched A) In addition to B) On behalf of
C) In fear of D) In case of
E) With the goal of

24.
A) being addressed B) to address 29.
C) having been addressed D) to be addressed A) Otherwise B) By companion
E) to have addressed C) On the contrary D) As a result
E) Instead

30.
25. A) to be changed B) being enhanced
A) for B) over C) to enhance D) enhanced
C) in D) at E) enhancing
E) with
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

31. Provided that scientifically supported forest 34. Although it is often viewed as a typically American
management practises are employed ……... genre, ………..
A) deforestation in large areas has been hardly solved by A) commentators have noted a difference between ‘soft’
local and national administrators around the world science fiction and ‘hard’ science fiction
B) deforestation has been minor but persistent problem in B) science fiction is at its best when portraying the scientific
most countries since the earliest periods of history method as a way to knowledge
C) ethical forest management policies and practices lie at C) science fiction has found practitioners in many countries,
the centre of businesses that rely on forests and the genre has international appeal
D) the best-known problem area including deforestation, a D) science fiction has excited many young people to pursue
particularly difficult issue, is the Amazon rainforest science or engineering as a career
E) sustainable management of tree cutting is possible, even E) many of the possibilities that arise from space
in the most sensitive areas, such as tropical rainforests exploration have been examined by science fiction

32. Although only a tin percentage of everything that has 35. Unless China shifts its development in a climate-
ever lived is fossilised, ………. friendly direction, ……….
A) the oldest life forms in the old world did not resemble A) its greenhouse gas emissions are bound to increase
anything alive today B) air pollution has also been growing at an alarming rate in
B) fossils are our most reliable indicator of the organisms different parts of the world
and environments of the past C) the growth rate of industrial production in China has
C) candidates for the title of first fossil are inevitably been on the rise
controversial with sceptics D) it is taking steps to improve its environmental health
D) the oldest fossils around the whole world have been E) it continues to use coal and gasoline as its primary fuel
found to have regular cellular structures sources
E) fossilisation involves the consolidation of sediments of
sand or mud under pressure

33. While more than 300 plant viruses have been 36. ……….., so sightings of falcons are considered to be
identified, ……….. exciting events for bird watchers.
A) infected plants have to be disposed in order to control A) Falcons must be trained or they may not return to the
the spread of diseases falconer's hand
B) many plant diseases can easily be spread by hand and by B) Some species of falcons are known to suffer
contact with infected tools considerable damage from insecticides
C) new strains continually appear as these organisms are C) Falcons fascinate many people, largely because of their
capable of mutating fierce. predatory behaviour
D) trees infected with these viruses produce poor fruit and D) Expensive management of the habitat of falcons is
a small yield necessary to protect them
E) the symptoms of viral infection include yellowing and E) Young falcons are still taken from wild nests, often
reduced growth in some part of the plant illegally, for use in falconry
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

37. For billions of years, Earth’s lithium reserves remained 40. Although lesser flamingos are the most abundant
untouched; ………. flamingo in the world, with a population in the millions,
A) however, for the past 30 years, we have seriously ………..
become aware of this rare metal A) they are colonial breeders and gather around Lake
B) for instance, many electronic products were powered by Natron in Tanzania to mate
nickel cadmium batteries B) they adapted to fluctuating water levels and resources
C) therefore, lithium is a soft, very light, and silver-white with a nomadic lifestyle
metal used in batteries C) they are all exposed to extinction as their ecosystems
D) similarly, Bolivia has almost 25% of the world’s total are being threatened
known lithium resources D) they love harsh wetlands since the caustic water keeps
E) in other words, the extraction of lithium from the oceans most other animals away
has been costly E) their signature pink colouring comes from the
cyanobacteria they eat

38. We all know of many different tasks that computers 41. Hunting is perhaps the most geographically
perform with ease. ………. widespread from of human disturbance in tropical forests,
A) but there are a lot of problems that are beyond the ……….
ability of computers A) although many parts of west Africa and Southeast Asia
B) although computer technology is now inextricably are becoming chronically overhunted
woven into our everyday lives B) yet the exploitation of wild meat by tropical forest-
C) yet computers have greatly extended our knowledge of dwellers has also increased
the world around us C) but its total extent cannot be easily mapped using
D) so power loss can wreck your computer and destroy conventional techniques
your data D) while hunting for profit poses a serious threat to
E) while the use of computers and Internet in education has endangered animals
become widespread E) even if overhunting of wildlife for meat consumption has
reached an unprecedent scale

42. Parasitic plants, such as mistletoe, cannot get their

nutrients from the soil, and thus they must attach
themselves to other plants and use the nutrients of the
host plant to survive.
A) Ökse otu gibi asalak bitkiler topraktan besinlerini
39. Leaves are plant organs primarily adapted for alamasalar da kendilerini başka bitkilere iliştirerek ve konak
photosynthesis, ……….. bitkinin besinlerini kullanarak hayatta kalırlar.
A) after they take up toxic metals through their robots and B) Ökse otu gibi asalak bitkiler besinlerini topraktan
store them in their stems and leaves alamazlar ve bu yüzden hayatta kalmak için kendilerini
B) because, apart from plants, photosynthesis also occurs başka bitkilere iliştirmeli ve konak bitkinin besinlerini
in algae and some bacteria kullanmalıdırlar.
C) although plants use the energy of light during C) Topraktan besinlerini alamayan ökse otu gibi asalak
photosynthesis to produce molecular oxygen from carbon bitkiler hayatta kalmak için kendilerini başka bitkilere
dioxide and water iliştirmeli ve konak bitkinin besinlerini kullanmalıdırlar.
D) but many species have modified leaves that serve a D) Topraktan besinlerini alamayan ama kendilerini başka
variety of functions besides photosynthesis, such as bitkilere iliştiren ökse otu gibi asalak bitkiler hayatta
attracting insects kalabilmek için konak bitkinin besinlerini kullanmalıdırlar.
E) given that leaves can be used for food and beverages, E) Hayatta kalmak için başka bitkilere kendini iliştirmek ve
dyes and fibres, and medicinal or industrial purposes konak bitkinin besinlerini kullanmak zorunda olan ökse otu
gibi asalak bitkiler topraktan besinlerini alamazlar.
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

43. The nature of the dark spots on the Sun was first 45. Nuclear plants use a certain kind of uranium, called U-
investigated by the American astronomer George Ellery 235, as fuel because its atoms can be easily split apart, but
Hale, who devoted his life to studying the Sun from the it makes up only 0.72% of the total uranium found on
observatory he founded near Los Angeles. earth.
A) Amerikalı gök bilimci George Ellery Hale, hayatını Los A) Nükleer santraller tarafından yakıt olarak kullanılan
Angeles yakınlarında kurduğu gözlemevinden Güneş’i uranyum türü, atomları kolayca parçalanabilen U-235
incelmeye adamasının sonucunda Güneş üzerindeki koyu adındaki uranyumdur, ancak bu tür, yeryüzünde bulunan
lekelerin doğasını ilk kez araştıran kişi oldu. toplam uranyumun sadece %0.72’sini oluşturmaktadır.
B) Hayatını Güneş’i incelemeye adayan Amerikalı gök B) Nükleer santrallerin atomları kolay parçalanabildiği için
bilimci George Ellery Hale tarafından Los Angeles yakıt olarak kullandıkları U-235 adındaki uranyum,
yakınlarında kurulan gözlemevi sayesinde, Güneş yeryüzünde bulunan toplam uranyumun sadece %0.72’sini
üzerindeki koyu lekelerin doğası ilk kez araştırılmış oldu. oluşturan bir türdür.
C) Güneş üzerindeki koyu lekelerin doğası, ilk kez, hayatını C) Nükleer santraller atomları kolay parçalanabildiği için
Los Angeles yakınlarında kurduğu gözlemevinden Güneş’i yakıt olarak U-235 adında belirli bir uranyum türünü
incelemeye adayan Amerikalı gök bilimci George Ellery Hale kullanmaktadır, ancak bu tür, yeryüzünde bulunan toplam
tarafından aştırıldı. uranyumun sadece %0.72’sini oluşturmaktadır.
D) Güneş üzerindeki koyu lekelerin doğası ilk kez araştıran D) U-235 olarak adlandırılan uranyum türü yeryüzünde
kişi olan Amerikalı gök bilimci George Ellery Hale, Güneş’i bulunan toplam uranyumun sadece %0.72’sini oluştursa da
incelemek için Los Angeles yakınlarında bir gözlemevi atomları kolay parçalanabildiği için nükleer santraller yakıt
kurmuştu ve hayatını buna adamıştı. olarak bu uranyum türünü kullanmaktadır.
E) Hayatını Los Angeles yakınlarında kurduğu gözlemevinde E) Nükleer santralleri yakıt olarak U-235 adında belirli bir
Güneş’i incelemeye adayan Amerikalı gök bilimci George uranyum türünü kullanmalarının sebebi, bu türün
Ellery Hale tarafından ilk kez araştırılan şey, Güneş atomlarının kolay parçalanabilmesidir, ancak bu tür,
üzerindeki koyu lekelerin doğasıydı. yeryüzünde bulunan toplam uranyumun sadece %0.72’sini
oluşturmaktadır.

44. Speculations about the existence of a ninth planet 46. Because it involved experiments with matter, alchemy
arose soon after astronomers found out that the planet contributed knowledge and techniques to ethe
Neptune did not move in its orbit as predicted. development of modern scientific research.
A) Gök bilimciler, dokuzuncu bir gezegenin var olduğuna A) Simya, madde ile ilgili deneyleri kapsaması sonucunda
dair varsayımları Neptün gezegeninin yörüngesinde modern bilimsel araştırmanın gelişimine bilgi ve teknikler
beklenildiği gibi hareket etmediği öğrenildikten hemen açısından katkıda bulunmuştur.
sonra ortaya koymuşlardır. B) Simya, madde ile ilgili deneyleri kapsamakla kalmayıp
B) Dokuzuncu bir gezegenin var olduğuna dair varsayımlar, aynı zamanda modern bilimsel araştırmanın gelişimine bilgi
gök bilimcilerin Neptün gezegeninin yörüngesinde ve teknikler açısından katkı sağlamıştır.
beklenildiği gibi hareket etmediğini öğrenmelerinden C) Madde ile ilgili deneyleri kapsayan simya, modern
hemen sonra ortaya konulmuştur. bilimsel araştırmanın gelişimine bilgi ve teknikler açısından
C) Dokuzuncu bir gezegenin varlığına yönelik varsayımlar, katkı sağlamıştır.
gök bilimcilerin Neptün gezegeninin yörüngesinde D) Madde ile ilgili deneyleri kapsayan simya, modern
beklenildiği gibi hareket etmediğini öğrenmelerinin hemen bilimsel araştırmanın gelişimine bilgi ve teknikler açısından
ardından ortaya çıkmıştır. katkı sağlamıştır.
D) Neptün gezegeninin yörüngesinde beklenildiği gibi E) Modern bilimsel araştırmanın gelişimine bilgi ve teknikler
hareket etmediğini öğrenmelerinin hemen üzerine, gök açısından katkıda bulunan simya, madde ile ilgili deneyler
bilimciler dokuzuncu bir gezegenin varlığına yönelik kapsar.
varsayımlarda bulunmuşlardır.
E) Gök bilimciler Neptün gezegeninin yörüngesinde
beklenildiği gibi hareket etmediğini öğrenmelerinin hemen
ardından dokuzuncu bir gezegenin varlığına yönelik
varsayımlar ortaya koymuşlardır.
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

47. Agriculture increases the likelihood of erosion by 49. Uzay tıbbı, uzay yolculuğu değişkenlerine maruz
exposing soil to wind and rain; however, land use is not kalmanın bütün fizyolojik sonuçlarını tahmin etmeyi ve
the only factor that increases the likelihood of erosion. çeşitli sistemlerin işleyişindeki olası bozulmaları
A) Tarım, toprağı rüzgâra ve yağmura maruz bıraktıkça engellemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
erozyon ihtimali artar; fakat bu ihtimalin artmasında arazi A) Space medicine intends not only to predict all of the
kullanımı tek etken değildir. physiological consequences of exposure to spaceflight
B) Tarım, toprağı rüzgâra ve yağmura maruz bırakır ki bu da factors but also to prevent the possible disruptions in the
erozyon ihtimalini artırır, ancak arazi kullanımı erozyon functioning of various systems.
ihtimalini tek başına artırmaz. B) The aim of space medicine is to predict all of the
C) Erozyon ihtimali tarımın toprağı rüzgâra ve yağmura physiological consequences of exposure to spaceflight
maruz bırakmasıyla artar, ama erozyon ihtimalini artıran factory as well as preventing the likely disruptions in the
tek etken arazi kullanımı değildir. functioning of various systems.
D) Tarımın toprağı rüzgâra ve yağmura maruz bırakması C) Predicting all of the physiological consequences of
erozyon ihtimalini artırsa da tek başına arazi kullanımı exposure to spaceflight factors and preventing the likely
erozyon ihtimalini artıran bir etken değildir. disruptions in the functioning of various systems are what
E) Tarım, toprağı rüzgâra ve yağmura maruz bırakarak space medicine aims for.
erozyon ihtimalini artırır, ancak arazi kullanımı erozyon D) Space medicine aims to predict all of the physiological
ihtimalini artıran tek etken değildir. consequences of exposure to spaceflight factors and
prevent the likely disruptions in the functioning of various
systems.
E) The aim of space medicine is known to be the prediction
of the physiological consequences of exposure to
spaceflight factors and prevent the likely disruptions in the
functioning of various systems.

48. Birçok bülbül türü, ufak meyveler yer ama özellikle 50. Yoksul ve kırsal bölgelerde yaşayan bir milyardan fazla
yavrularını yetiştirirken böceklerle de beslenebilir. insan gündüz elektrik üretmek için güneş pilleri kullansa
A) Although most species of bulbuls eat small fruits, they da gece hâlâ elektrikten yoksundur.
may also feed on insects, particularly when they are raising A) There are over a billion people who live in poor and rural
their babies. areas by using solar cells to produce electricity during the
B) Most species of bulbuls eat small fruits, but they may day, but they still lack electricity in the evening.
also feed on insects, particularly when they are raising their B) Although lacking electricity in the evening, over a billion
babies. people living in poor and rural areas use solar cells to
C) Most species of bulbuls eat small fruits particularly when produce electricity during the day.
they are raising their babies, but they also feed on insects. C) Even though over a billion people living in poor and rural
D) Most species of bulbuls which eat small fruits may also areas use solar cells to produce electricity during the day,
feed on insects, particularly when they are raising their they still lack it in the evening.
babies. D) While there are still over a billion people living in poor
E) While raising their babies, most species of bulbuls and rural areas who lack electricity in the evening, they use
particularly eat small fruits and are likely to feed on insects. solar cells to produce electricity during the day.
E) Over a billion people living in poor and rural areas
produce electricity during the day by using solar cells;
however, they still lack electricity in the evening.
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

51. 1909 yılında Danimarkalı biyokimyager Søren 53. Egzersiz esnasında kan basıncını ölçmek için
Sørensen tarafından icat edilen pH skalası, 0’dan 14’e geliştirilmiş birçok otomatik cihaz olmasına rağmen, çoğu
kadar uzanır ve bir çözeltide kaç tane hidrojen iyonu insanın izlenimi bunların elle yapılan ölçümden daha iyi
olduğunu gösterir. olmadığıdır.
A) The pH scale, which stretches from 0 to 14 and shows A) A great number of automated devices have been
how many hydrogen ions are present in a solution, was developed to measure blood pressure during exercise;
invented by the Danish biochemist Søren Sørensen in 1909. however, many people have the impression that they are
B) The pH scale, invented in 1909 by the Danish biochemist not better than manual testing.
Søren Sørensen, stretches from 0 to 14, and it shows how B) Although a lot of automated blood pressure
many hydrogen ions are present in a solution. measurement devices have been developed to be used
C) Invented by the Danish biochemist Søren Sørensen in during exercise, many people have the impression that
1909 to show how many hydrogen ions are present in a these devices are not much better than manual testing.
solution, the pH scale stretches from 0 to 14. C) There are a number of automated devices developed to
D) Stretching from 0 to 14, the pH scale shows how many measure blood pressure during exercise, but the
hydrogen ions are present in a solution, and it was invented impression of most people is that they are not as good as
by the Danish biochemist Søren Sørensen in 1909. manual testing.
E) Invented by the Danish biochemist Søren Sørensen in D) Although there are a number of automated devices
1909, the pH scale, stretching from 0 to 14, shows how developed to measure blood pressure during exercise, the
many hydrogen ions are present in a solution. impression of most people is that they are not better than
manual testing.
E) Most people have the impression that many of the
automated devices developed to measure blood pressure
during exercise are not better than manual testing.

52. Dünya, Güneş’in etrafında dönerken kendi ekseninde 54. In spite of its delicate nature, a cobweb – a fine net of
eğik durduğundan her iki kutup bölgesi uzun yaz günleri threads made by a spider – is very strong, but not stronger
ve uzun kış geceleri yaşar. than materials such as steel and Kevlar. A cobweb has a
A) Because the Earth tilts on its axis as it rotates around the tensile strength of 1 gigapascal, whereas steel and Kevlar
Sun, both polar regions experience long summer days and have strengths of 1.6 and 3.6 gigapascals respectively.
long winter nights. ……… If they are successful, they hope to replace
B) The earth tilts on its axis while it rotates around the Sun, everything from car bumpers to bullet-proof vests with
which causes both polar regions experiences long summer the artificial spider silk, as the combination of flexibility
days and long winter nights. and strength makes it perfect for absorbing energy and
C) Given that the Earth tilts on its axis as it rotates around halting objects.
the Sun, long summer days and long winter nights are A) Thanks to different glands, a spider is able to produce up
experienced in both polar regions. to seven different silk threads for different purposes.
D) The reason why both polar regions experience long B) Silk glands on the hind part of the spider produce the
summer days and long winter nights is that the Earth tilts fibre threads that make up the strong web.
on its axis while it rotates around the sun C) On the other hand, they are more flexible, and that is
E) While it rotates around the Sun, the Earth tilts on its axis, one of the reasons why scientists are struggling to copy the
and this is why both polar regions experience long summer strong fibre threads in the lab.
days and long winter nights. D) The proteins of the silk fibres are made up of small coils
and plates, which is part of the secret behind the flexibility.
E) The spider’s silk gland is a sophisticated chemical factory
that converts water-soluble proteins into strong thread.
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

55. In the past, measurements of sea water salinity were 57. Handwashing is a catch-all preventative measure
taken simply by going out in the ocean, filling a bucket which rids the skin of foodborne germs, chemicals, and
with sea water, and testing the salt levels by measing other undesirable substances. Small bubbles of soap, for
electrical conductivity – the more salts, the quicker the most part, are unable to eliminate pathogens. Soap is
electricity flows through the water because there are a surfactant, which means it makes it easier to clear away
more ions present. ………. Low-frequency radiometers oils and dirt. Water accordingly rinses off the
mounted on an aircraft can scan the ocean during flights, contaminants, and in so doing removes the microbes as
covering over 100 square kilometers every hour. And in well. …….. In fact, such action can clean off anything from
2009, the European Space Agency launched its Soil E. coli to a virus.
Moisture and Ocean Salinity satellite to take readings A) Rubbing the hands hard together creates the necessary
from space using a two-dimensional interferometric friction to remove infections.
radiometer. B) Experts state that gastrointestinal illnesses might be
A) The amount of salts in sea water is important because it caused by the microbes on our hands.
affects ocean currents, which, in return, affect the world’s C) Yet, the amount of time we are supposed to spend while
climate. handwashing is another concern for scientists.
B) Sea water contains a variety of dissolved elements, D) Therefore, children will not easily acquire the habit of
including chlorine, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and handwashing unless they are guided by their parents.
potassium. E) However, after handwashing, wet skin is also said to pick
C) The deep ocean currents are driven by thermohaline up considerably more bacteria.
circulation, which is a movement caused by differences in
the temperature and salinity content of the water.
D) More recently, however, sophisticated equipment has
become available for measuring ocean salts remotely.
E) Salinity or the quantity of dissolved salts in ocean water
is derived from measurements of the seawater’s
conductivity.

56. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been around since the 58. The largest desert on Earth, the Sahara extends nearly
birth of computers in the 1950s. The original pioneers 3,700 miles from east to west and 1,250 miles from north
dreamed of making ‘computer brains’ that could perform to south across the borders of eleven countries. However,
the same kinds of tasks as our brains do, such as playing the borders of Sahara cannot be clearly defined for this is
chess or translating languages. ………. Over the following a desert on the move. Climate change and the effect of
decades, though, technology improved at an exponential intensive agricultural exploitation have led to the desert’s
rate. Computers got faster, the Internet was invented, and expansion. ……… Lands that were once fertile farmland
researches made new advances in AI algorithms. and semi-arid pasture are now barren and desiccated,
A) Most people think of ‘deep learning’ when AI is useless to human life.
mentioned, as this is inspired by the way in which our A) The Sahara Desert has also served as the setting for
brains work. athletic events and famous television productions.
B) However, hopes that AI would quickly reach human-level B) As a result of this process, which is called
intelligence did not come to fruition, and AI soon fell out of “desertification”, the Sahara has grown over an area as
favour. large as the country of Somalia in just the last 50 years.
C) In fact, enormous amounts of data are required to help C) Trade across the Sahara Desert reached its highest level
AI learn more effectively, for example, understanding between the 13th and 16th centuries.
speech. D) Despite the adverse conditions, a lucrative trans-Sahara
D) The way that intelligence is measured could be a trade in essential and luxury products was established by
determinant as to whether AI will be more clever than we 1000 BCE.
are in the future. E) Contrary to popular belief, most of the Sahara is stone,
E) Thus, many people thought that AI could do a whole rock and gravel; only a very small part is actually sand.
host of things ranging from face recognition to making
vehicles more autonomous.
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

59. The Atlantic coasts of Africa and South America fit into 62. (I) Forests occur in any place where the climate is
each other like jigsaw pieces and are also home to many suitable in terms of length of the growing season, air and
of the same sediments and reptiles. ……… These soil temperature, and sufficiency of soil moisture. (II)
observations led the German geoscientist Alfred Wegener Recent reductions of forest area are a critical
to propose in 1911 that all the continents were once one environmental problem in terms of losses of biodiversity.
big landmass that later split up. He was initially criticised, (III) They can be classified into broad types on the basis of
because he could not explain how the continents moved their geographic range and dominant types of trees. (IV)
apart. However, fifty years later, his theory was confirmed The most extensive of these types are boreal coniferous,
by the model of plate tectonics. temperate angiosperm, and tropical angiosperm forests.
A) Similarly, closely related plants made their homes in (V) However, there are regional and local variants of all of
India, Australia, and Antarctica 200 million years ag. these kinds of forests.
B) Continental drift is the slow movement of continents A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
controlled by the processes associated with plate tectonics.
C) Plates are bonded portions of the Earth’s mantle and 63. (I) The field of Web application development has seen
crust, averaging 100 kilometres in thickness. significant changes over the past several years. (II) In their
D) The regular lava flows, however, continue to form infancy years, these applications consisted of simplistic
islands, including the Hawaiian and Galapagos Islands. static Web pages with text and graphics without any
E) Thanks to more sophisticated procedures, scientists can database access. (III) Therefore, they have brought
also measure current changes in position, although these tremendous benefits and cost savings to the organisations.
only amount to a few inches per year. (IV) Over time, they become dynamic in nature and could
access traditional databases, which led many organisations
to do business on the internet. (V) These applications
utilised databases to perform such tasks as storing and
60. (I) Every year, about 50 volcanoes throughout the work tracking customer information, purchases, and
are active above sea level, threatening the lives and of performances.
millions of people. (II) The relationship between people and A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
volcanoes is as old as the humanity — our earliest
ancestors evolved in the volcanic region of the East African 64. (I) Among humans the most desired of the edible fungi
Rift, where their activities and remains are reserved by are truffles, which are considered a delicacy and can be
volcanic deposits. (III) It has been widely known that a rather expensive. (II) The high cost of these fungi is mainly
single eruption can claim thousands of lives in an instant. due to the fact that they grow under the soil surface and
(IV) For example, in the 1902 eruption of Mont Pelée on therefore can be difficult to find. (III) Many fungi are
the Caribbean island of Martinique, a flow of hot ash and considered useful due to the valuable services their
gases overwhelmed the city of St. Pierre, killing most of its cultivation can provide for human beings, while others may
28,000 inhabitants. (V) More recently, a mudflow triggered inflict significant harvest losses or cause diseases. (IV)
by the 1985 eruption of the volcano Nevado del Ruiz in However, animals with sensitive noses can detect the
Colombia killed nearly all of the 25,000 inhabitants of the strong odour of truffles. (V) Therefore, truffle collectors use
town of Armero. pigs or specially trained sniffer dogs to detect these
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V valuable delicacies hidden in forests.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

65. (I) Millions of years ago, the remains of plant sand

61. (I) You might not have heard of it, but you have animals decayed and built up in thick layers, (II) This
probably eaten fruit or vegetable that has been created decayed matter from plants and animals is called organic
through radiation breeding. (II) This technique exposes material – it was once alive. (III) Over time, the mud and
seeds to radiation in order to create mutations in the soil changed to rock, covered the organic material and
plant’s DNA. (III) Often, the mutated plants are considered trapped it beneath the rock. (IV) Pressure and heat
useless and are left to decompose. (IV) Today, it is carried changed some of this organic material into coal, some into
out by firing beams of electrons, neutrons or charged petroleum, and some into natural gas. (V) Being a clean
particles (ions) at the seeds, or exposing them to fuel is one reason that the use of natural gas, especially for
radioactive sources like cobalt-60. (V) But occasionally, the electricity generation, has grown so much and is expected
genetic mutations give the plants useful new properties, to grow even more in the future.
like resistance to drought or disease, or higher yields. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

Animals, collectively speaking, are getting smaller, as Destruction of the Brazilian Amazon rainforest has reached
humans drive big beasts such as elephants to extinction the highest levels in a decade, but tracking such activity is
with far-reaching consequences for ecosystems. Previous challenging due to the huge size of rainforest. However, the
studies have shown that bigger animas are at a greater risk size of the rainforest is not the only handicap for researchers
or dying out. Now a model of the next 100 years predicts trying to determine the rate of destruction. The Brazilian
that habitat destruction, poaching and other pressures will Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources
cause an overall decline in body size. Researchers at the (IBAMA) uses satellite images to monitor forest cover and
University of Southhampton modelled the future of 15,500 trigger alerts when changes are suspected – but at a
endangered species. Critically endangered ones such as the resolution of just 30 metres, it is hard to pinpoint the actual
black rhinoceros were given a 99 percent likelihood of cause. Moreover, sending an anti-deforestation task force to
disappearing, while vulnerable ones had a 10 percent areas falsely flagged as logged is costly. Now, a network of
change. The results showed the loss of big species would universities, tech companies and non-governmental
see the average body mass of animals drop around 9 organizations, named MapBiomas, has found a way to track
percent, to 64.1 grams from today. This matters, and not illegal deforestation in near real-time, using satellite data. Its
just because we care about charismatic megafauna, such as platform collects data from the Brazilian government’s
tigers and so on. Big species can be vital for ecosystems, existing alert systems and cross-checks the area with much
such as herbivores keeping grass productive. They also higher resolution images down to 3 metres – captured by
perform roles that help us, like eating dead animals. For miniature satellites from a private company based in San
example, where vultures are declined in number, disease Fransisco. To save time and money, the MapBiomas platform
has risen. zooms in only on areas flagged for potential deforestation,
sourcing detailed images taken before and after the incident
66. According to the passage, the average size of animals to produce a report for punishment. As a result, this network
is expected to decline ………. will help the Brazilian government to effectively cope with
A) given that there is now fiercer competition amongst illegal loggers in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest.
animals with bigger size
69. It is pointed out in the passage that the size of the
B) despite the efforts of scientists to take precautions
Brazilian Amazon rainforest ……….
against human activities such as poaching
A) could only be measured with the help of high-resolution
C) as smaller animals are better at adapting to changing
satellite images
conditions imposed by humans
B) requiring more researchers to be engaged in the
D) because humans are exerting various pressures on larger
network of MapBiomas for tracking deforestation in detail
animals
C) has led IBAMA to establish MapBiomas to track
E) even though a recent model predicts that the situation
deforestation in all parts of the rainforest
might change in a century
D) presents the biggest obstacle in determining the actual
cause of destruction
67. The black rhinoceros is given as an example of a
E) is one of the issues that make it difficult for researchers
species that ……….
to track deforestation
A) Is most likely to go extinct in near future
70. It can be understood from the passage that the major
B) Has been saved thanks to the work of researchers at the
purpose of MapBiomas is to ……….
University of Southampton
A) capture satellite images of the entire Brazilian Amazon
C) has already declined in size by 9 percent, 64.1 grams
rainforest
D) is going to disappear soon after elephants
B) prompt the Brazilian government to impose more severe
E) still has a 10 percent chance to avoid the risk of
punishment on illegal loggers
extinction
C) reveal how much of the Brazilian Amazon rainforest has
vanished over the past years
68. Which of the following can be inferred from the
D) provide a more accurate and useful way to track illegal
passage?
deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest
A) Loss of grass due to big animals is believed to result in
E) flag areas for potential deforestation and send an anti-
several diseases.
deforestation task force to the areas
B) The number of vultures, which help us through eating
71. What is the main purpose of the author?
dead animals, has declined due to big animals.
A) To criticise OBAMA for not taking immediate action
C) We are likely to experience more health problems due to
against deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest
the extinction of big animals.
B) To draw attention to the high cost of the fight against
D) People have long remained unwilling to find solutions to
deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest
the problem of extinction.
C) To explain why the rate of destruction in the Brazilian
E) Of the 15,500 endangered species studied, tigers have
Amazon rainforest has increased rapidly
been found to play the most important role in the
D) To provide detailed information about the efforts to
ecosystems.
track deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest
E) To put special emphasis on the efficiency of the Brazilian
government’s existing alert systems
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

One of the problems suffered by a species on the brink of In 2011, a devastating tsunami engulfed Japan’s north-
extinction is low genetic diversity. Initially this is caused by eastern coast, triggering the worst nuclear disaster since
lack of numbers, but them it is worsened by the inbreeding Chernobly. The tsunami waves knocked out electricity at
(breeding between closely-related individuals) which Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, causing cooling
inevitably and vulnerability to disease. This, for instance, is systems to fail and half of the facility’s uranium cores to
a concern for the kakapo, a nocturnal parrot that lives in overheat and melt through their steel containers. Hydrogen
New Zealand. Like many other island-dwelling birds, it has explosions in the next few days damaged three of the
become flightless. It is also, at up to 4kg, the world’s reactor buildings, venting radioactive materials into the air.
heaviest parrot. Both of these things make it an attractive That plume of airborne contamination forced some
target for predatory mammals, which thankfully were 160,000 people to evacuate from their homes. Former
absent for most of the 80 million years during which it and residents will not likely return any time soon, because
its ancestors have inhabited the islands of New Zealand. levels of radioactivity remain high. Even some troublesome,
The kakapo’s downfall began with New Zealand’s first wave groundwater now mingles with radioactive materials
of human colonisation, some 700 years ago, by before heading into the sea. The contaminated water is
Polynesians. These arrivals hunted it, and also brought rats collected and stored in massive tanks. Lately, the water has
with hem, which ate nestling chicks. Second, European been processed to reduce the concentration of
wave of immigrants brought cats and stoats to add to the radionuclides, but it still retains high concentrations.
birds’ enemies. Humans also destroyed much of their Disputes over its final resting place remain unresolved. The
habitat to make way for crops. Conservation efforts are not same goes for the millions of topsoil and other solid waste
assisted by the birds’ reproductive habits. They feed their from the disaster, as well as the uranium fuel itself.
chicks on fruit of the rimu, a tree that produces its nutrient- Nevertheless, Japan is making plans to recommit to nuclear
rich fruits only every two or three years. These trees all power plants, and so far two have been brought back to full
fruit simultaneously during what are known as mast years. operation.
This means the kakapo can breed only during mast years.
With all these strikes against them, it is little surprise that 75. Which of the following is true according to the
by the end of 1970s, the kakapo was thought to be extinct. passage?
But then, two remnant groups were found in the south of A) The site of the nuclear disaster is still contaminated even
the country. These were relocated and now live on three today.
small predator-free islands. B) People who left their homes are thinking to come back
as contamination is about to be eliminated.
72. It is stated in the passage that the weight of the C) The cooling system was directly knocked down by the
kakapo ………. tsunami waves.
A) has resulted from uncontrolled inbreeding D) The giant tsunami waves initially led to the hydrogen
B) makes it an easy prey for predatory mammals explosions.
C) is due to its rich genetic diversity E) Fukushima explosion had the same results as the ones in
D) leads to infertility and vulnerability to disease Chernobyl.
E) is a result of feeding on the rimu fruit
76. It can be understood from the passage that the
73. Which of the following is pointed out in the passage contaminated groundwater around the affected area
about the kakapo? ……….
A) It was hunted by predatory mammals for 80 million A) is totally purified before reaching the sea
years. B) has been processed so efficiently that the concentration
B) Rats were introduced by the colonising Europeans to of radionuclides has reached a low level
hunt it down. C) has been kept in tanks although its final destination has
C) Agricultural production has negatively impacted its been determined by the former residents
numbers. D) is collected and filtered before the topsoil absorbs it
D) Conservation efforts, combined with its altered E) is a serious issue in terms of reducing the chemicals in it
reproductive habits, have increased its survival rates.
E) It had experienced complete extinction by the early 77. Which of the following could be inferred from the
1970s. passage?
A) There are no active nuclear power plants in Japan yet.
74. which could be the best title for this passage? B) Japan has not lost its hope to produce energy from
A) Conservation Efforts for an Endangered Bird nuclear power.
B) The Impact of Colonisation on the Kakapo C) Officials banned former residents to return their homes
C) How the Kakapo Copes with Its Predators for a while, but some of them violated the ban.
D) The Effect of Flora on the Fertility of the Kakapo D) Decreasing the contamination in air and soil was easier
E) Reasons Why the Kakapo Faces Extinction than the process in water.
E) Storing and processing the nuclear waste has been
completely successful.
2022 Mart YÖKDİL FEN BİLİMLERİ

An interesting motivation for artificial intelligence (AI) 79. Which of the following can be said about the Jungian
research is called ‘Jungian world theory’. According to this world theory and human’s fate?
hypothesis, it seems that people cannot learn from history. A) Artificial intelligence and its harmful effects are the most
Humanity, as a collective unit, seems unable to foretell, or important things that the theory tries to explain.
care about, the potential consequences of the things they B) The passionate proponents of the theory reject the idea
do. Thus, ‘history repeats’. People keep fighting wars for that humanity disturbs the Earth’s ecosystem.
the same reasons, but wars rarely solve problems. Human C) It points out that humanity is better off without artificial
activities become ever more destructive to the Earth’s intelligence.
ecosystem. The most pessimistic interpretations of the D) The theory needs to be further developed to get rid of
Jungian world theorists suggest that humanity is doomed its pessimistic interpretations.
to self-extinction. What can humanity do to stop this self- E) It suggests that humanity may not face the same
defeating vicious circle? According to researcher Charles tragedies if artificial intelligence is involved in the solution
Lecht, one answer may lie in the development of AI to the of problems.
point that machines attain greater intelligence than people.
Perhaps a brilliant computer or system of machines can
help humanity to control its destiny, so that people need to
keep reliving the same old calamities. Many researchers
doubt that machines will, or can, become smarter than
people, but it has been argued that AI can and should be
used to help humanity find solutions to difficult social
problems.

78. According to the passage, the Jungian world theorists 80. What is the author’s primary purpose?
………. A) To discuss whether artificial intelligence could surpass
A) think that people can easily predict the potential human intelligence
consequences of their actions B) To introduce the Jungian world theory by highlighting its
B) blame artificial for the disasters of humanity relation to artificial intelligence
C) mistakenly compare humanity with machines C) To explain why humans have difficulty in finding
D) consider humans to be self-destructive solutions to social problems
E) believe artificial intelligence can cause human extinction D) To compare the Jungian world theory with other
theories on human’s destiny
E) To exemplify human activities that are threatening the
Earth’s ecosystem
1 B 41 C
2 D 42 B
3 E 43 C
4 D 44 C
5 D 45 C
6 C 46 D
7 C 47 E
8 D 48 B
9 B 49 D
10 C 50 C
11 C 51 B
12 B 52 A
13 B 53 D
14 B 54 C
15 E 55 A
16 C 56 B
17 D 57 A
18 C 58 B
19 C 59 A
20 A 60 B
21 B 61 D
22 V 62 B
23 E 63 C
24 B 64 C
25 A 65 E
26 B 66 D
27 D 67 A
28 A 68 C
29 D 69 E
30 E 70 D
31 E 71 D
32 B 72 B
33 C 73 C
34 C 74 E
35 A 75 A
36 C 76 E
37 A 77 B
38 A 78 D
39 D 79 E
40 C 80 B