INTERNATIONAL ISO

STANDARD 2566-1

Third edition
2021-12

Corrected version
2022-06

Steel — Conversion of elongation

values —
Part 1:
Carbon and low-alloy steels
Acier — Conversion des valeurs d'allongement —
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Partie 1: Aciers au carbone et aciers faiblement alliés

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2566-1-2021

Reference number
ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

© ISO 2021
ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

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2566-1-2021

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland

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 ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

Contents Page

Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... iv
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols........................................................................................................................................................... 1
3.1 Terms and definitions....................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3.2 Symbols.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
4 Basic formula............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
5 Requirements on conversions................................................................................................................................................................ 2
6 Conversion from one proportional gauge length to another proportional gauge
length................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
7 Conversion from one non-proportional gauge length to another non-proportional
gauge length for test pieces of equal cross-sectional area...................................................................................... 3
8 Conversion from a non-proportional gauge length to another non-proportional
gauge length for test pieces of different cross-sectional areas........................................................................... 4
9 Conversion from a proportional gauge length to a non-proportional gauge length.................... 4
9.1
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
9.2 Conversion factors from 5 , 65 S to non-proportional gauge length ................................................. 5

9.3
(standards.iteh.ai)
Conversion factors from 4 S to non-proportional gauge length
0
0
......................................................... 8
9.4 Elongation values............................................................................................................................................................................... 10
10 ISO 2566-1:2021
Use of Figures........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 26
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Bibliography.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 33
2566-1-2021

© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved  iii

ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
(standards.iteh.ai)
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 20, General
technical delivery conditions, sampling and mechanical testing methods, in collaboration with the
ISO 2566-1:2021
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 459/SC 1, Test methods
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for steel (other than chemical analysis), in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). 2566-1-2021
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2566-1:1984), of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The changes are as follows:
— complete editorial revision;
— Tables 2 to 5 have been renamed due to reordering in order to follow the logical flow of information
of this document;
— Clause 9 has been restructured into four sub-clauses in order to follow the logical flow of information
of this document.
A list of all parts in the ISO 2566 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
This corrected version of ISO 2566-1:2021 incorporates the following corrections:
— two of the values given in Tables 1 and 3 were incorrect: the value "1,960" was replaced with "0,960"
in Table 1 and the value "0,754" was replaced with "0,574" in Table 3.

iv  © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved


 ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

Introduction
Several different gauge lengths are commonly in use for the determination of percentage elongation of
steels in tensile testing. Fixed gauge lengths of 50 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm and 200 mm are used;
proportional gauge lengths of k S 0 are also used for flat and round test pieces, where k may be one of
a number of values, i.e. 4; 5,65; 8,16 or 11,3.

The value 5 , 65 S 0 is adopted as the internationally preferred proportional gauge length.

Arising from this choice and the existence of specifications stipulating minimum percentage elongations
on different gauge lengths, a growing need has been evident for an International Standard that could be
used to convert test results into values based on the different gauge lengths. Accordingly, this document
includes tables of conversion factors, tables of actual conversions for some of the most commonly used
gauge lengths and elongation values, and figures which may also be used for such conversions. When
using these conversions, however, note should be taken of the limitations on their applicability, as
stated in Clause 1.

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

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2566-1-2021

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 iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
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2566-1-2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

Steel — Conversion of elongation values —

Part 1:
Carbon and low-alloy steels

1 Scope
This document specifies a method of converting room temperature percentage elongations after
fracture obtained on various proportional and non-proportional gauge lengths to other gauge lengths.
Formula (1), on which conversions are based, is considered to be reliable when applied to carbon,
carbon manganese, molybdenum and chromium molybdenum steels within the tensile strength range
300 N/mm2 to 700 N/mm2 and in the hot-rolled, hot-rolled and normalized or annealed conditions, with
or without tempering.
These conversions are not applicable to:
a) cold reduced steels;

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

b) quenched and tempered steels;
c) austenitic steels.
(standards.iteh.ai)
These conversions are not applicable when the gauge length exceeds 25 S or where the width to
0
thickness ratio of the test piece exceeds 20.
ISO 2566-1:2021
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2 Normative references 2566-1-2021
There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms, definitions and symbols

3.1 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://​w ww​.iso​.org/​obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://​w ww​.electropedia​.org/​
3.1.1
gauge length
length of the parallel portion of the test piece used for measurement of strain

Note 1 to entry: The term is hereafter used in this document to denote the original gauge length, L0 , marked on
the test piece for the determination of percentage elongation after fracture, A.

3.1.2
proportional gauge length
gauge length (3.1.1) having a specified relation to the square root of the cross-sectional area, for
example 5,65 S 0

© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved  1

ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

3.1.3
non-proportional gauge length
gauge length (3.1.1) not specifically related to the cross-sectional area of the test piece, usually
expressed in a given dimension, for example 50 mm

3.2 Symbols

A Percentage elongation after fracture on a gauge length, obtained on test

Ar Percentage elongation on a different gauge length, required by conversion

d Diameter of test piece

L0 Original gauge length
S0 Original cross-sectional area of test piece

4 Basic formula
The data contained in this document are based on the Oliver formula[1], which is now widely used for
such elongation conversions. The Oliver formula can, in a simplified form, be expressed as Formula (1):
0 ,4
 S0 
Ar = 1 ,74 A  
 L0  iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW (1)

where
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Ar is the required elongation on gauge length L0;
ISO 2566-1:2021
A the elongation on gauge length of 4 S0 ;
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L0 is the original gauge length; 2566-1-2021
S0 is the original cross-sectional area of test piece.

Formula (1) gives a direct conversion of elongation on 4 S 0 to the equivalent for a test piece of cross-
sectional area S0, and a gauge length L0. Expressed in terms of 5 , 65 S 0 , which is now regarded as the
internationally accepted standard gauge length, it becomes Formula (2):
0 ,4
 S0 
Ar = 2 A   (2)
 L0 
where A is the elongation on gauge length of 5 , 65 S 0 .
Tables 1 to 21 and Figures 1 to 5 are based on Formulae (1) and (2).
Care should be exercised in the case of strip under 4 mm thickness, as the index in Formulae (1) and (2)
increases with decreasing thickness; the value to be used shall be the subject of agreement between the
customer and the supplier.

5 Requirements on conversions
While, as indicated, the conversions are considered to be reliable within the stated limitations, because
of the various factors influencing the determination of percentage elongations, they shall be used for
acceptance purposes only by agreement between the customer and supplier.

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 ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

In cases of dispute, the elongation shall be determined on the gauge length stated in the relevant
specification.

6 Conversion from one proportional gauge length to another proportional gauge

length
Simple multiplying factors based on the formula are used for such conversions, and the relationships
between several of the more widely used proportional gauge lengths are given in Table 1. Detailed
conversions of elongations obtained on 4 S 0 to 5 , 65 S 0 are given in Table 2.

Table 1 — Conversion factors : Proportional gauge length

Conversion Factor for conversion to:

from: 4 S0 5 , 65 S0 8 ,16 S0 11 ,3 S0 4d 5d 8d

4 S0 1,000 0,870 0,759 0,661 0,953 0,870 0,721

5 , 65 S0 1,149 1,000 0,863 0,759 1,093 1,000 0,828
8 ,16 S0 1,330 1,158 1,000 0,879 1,268 1,158 0,960
11 ,3 S0 1,514 1,317 1,137 1,000 1,443 1,317 1,091
4d 1,050 0,916 0,790 0,694 1,000 0,916 0,758
5d
8d iTeh
1,149
1,389 STANDARD
1,000
1,207
0,863
1,042 PREVIEW
0,759
0,918
1,093
1,319
1,000
1,207
0,828
1,000

(standards.iteh.ai)
Table 2 — Elongation values on 5 , 65 S corresponding to those obtained on 4
a
0 S0 gauge
length
ISO 2566-1:2021
Actual elonga- Corresponding elongation (%) on 5 , 65 S0
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tion (%)
measured on 2566-1-2021
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 S0
10 9 10 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
20 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 23 24 25
30 26 27 28 29 30 30 31 32 33 34
40 35 36 37 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
50 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 50 51
a Factor 0,87. Values rounded to nearest whole number.

7 Conversion from one non-proportional gauge length to another non-

proportional gauge length for test pieces of equal cross-sectional area
The conversion of elongation values of different fixed gauge lengths on test pieces of equal cross-
sectional area are also made by simple factors. Conversion factors for gauge lengths of 50 mm, 80 mm,
100 mm and 200 mm are given in Table 3.

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ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

Table 3 — Conversion factorsa: Non-proportional gauge length

Factor for conversion to:
Conversion from:
50 mm 80 mm 100 mm 200 mm
50 mm 1,000 0,829 0,758 0,574
80 mm 1,207 1,000 0,915 0,693
100 mm 1,320 1,093 1,000 0,758
200 mm 1,741 1,443 1,320 1,000
a Provided cross-sectional areas are the same.

8 Conversion from a non-proportional gauge length to another non-proportional

gauge length for test pieces of different cross-sectional areas
It is preferable for this calculation to be made in two stages with an initial conversion to 5 , 65 S0 .
EXAMPLE

Elongation of 24 % on 200 mm for a 40 mm x 15 mm test piece in terms of equivalent on a

30 mm x 10 mm test piece with gauge lengths equal to 200 mm, 100 mm and 50 mm.

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

24 x 1/0,863 = 27,8 % on 5 , 65 S0 (see Table 3)
27,8 x 0,752 = 20,9 % on 30 mm x 10 mm with 200 mm gauge length
(standards.iteh.ai)
27,8 x 0,992 = 27,6 % on 30 mm x 10 mm with 100 mm gauge length
27,8 x 1,309 = 36,4 % on 30 mm x 10 mm with 50 mm gauge length
ISO 2566-1:2021
Elongation on other proportional gauge lengths can be obtained by using the factors given in Table 1.
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2566-1-2021
9 Conversion from a proportional gauge length to a non-proportional gauge
length

9.1 General
The conversion factors are variable according to the cross-sectional area of the non-proportional test
piece. Table 4 gives the multiplying factors for conversion from elongation on 5 , 65 S 0 to the equivalent
on fixed gauge lengths of 50 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm and 200 mm for a range of cross-sectional areas. For
conversions in the reverse direction, i.e. elongation on a fixed gauge length to the equivalent of 5 , 65 S 0
, the reciprocal of the factors is used.
EXAMPLE

a) Elongation of 20 % on 5 , 65 S0 is equivalent to 20 x 1,139 = 22,78 % on a 25 mm wide test

piece of 6 mm thickness with a 50 mm gauge length (see Table 4);
b) Elongation of 25 % on a 40 mm x 10 mm test piece of 200 mm gauge length is equivalent to
25 x 1/0,796 = 31,4 % on 5 , 65 S0 (see Table 4).

From the examples shown, it will be seen that conversions involving other proportional gauge lengths
can be obtained by prior or subsequent use of the factors shown in Table 1.

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 ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

9.2 Conversion factors from 5 , 65 S0 to non-proportional gauge length

Factors shown under “non-proportional gauge lengths” give the value of
0 ,4
 S0 
2 
 L 
To convert from values on a gauge length of 5 , 65 S 0 to a non-proportional gauge length, multiply by
the appropriate factor.

To convert from values on a non-proportional gauge length to 5 , 65 S 0 , divide by the appropriate

factor.
See also Figures 1 and 2.

Table 4 — Conversion factors from 5 , 65 S0 to non-proportional gauge lengths

Cross sectional
Factor for non-proportional gauge length of:
area of test piece:
mm2 200 mm 100 mm 80 mm 50 mm
5 0,331 0,437 0,478 0,577
10 0,381 0,502 0,549 0,663
15 iTeh STANDARD
0,413 0,545 PREVIEW
0,596 0,719
20 0,437 0,577 0,631 0,761
25 (standards.iteh.ai)
0,457 0,603 0,660 0,796
30 0,474 0,626 0,684 0,826
35 0,489 ISO 2566-1:2021
0,645 0,706 0,852
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40 0,502 0,663 0,725 0,875
45 0,514 2566-1-2021
0,679 0,742 0,896
50 0,525 0,693 0,758 0,915
55 0,535 0,706 0,772 0,932
60 0,545 0,719 0,786 0,949
70 0,562 0,741 0,811 0,978
80 0,577 0,761 0,833 1,005
90 0,591 0,780 0,852 1,029
100 0,603 0,796 0,871 1,051
110 0,615 0,812 0,887 1,071
120 0,626 0,826 0,903 1,090
130 0,636 0,839 0,917 1,107
140 0,645 0,852 0,931 1,124
150 0,654 0,863 0,944 1,139
160 0,663 0,875 0,956 1,154
170 0,671 0,885 0,968 1,168
180 0,679 0,896 0,979 1, 182
190 0,686 0,905 0,990 1,195
200 0,693 0,915 1,000 1,207
210 0,700 0,924 1,010 1,219
220 0,706 0,932 1,019 1,230
230 0,713 0,941 1,028 1,241

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ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

Table 4 (continued)
Cross sectional
Factor for non-proportional gauge length of:
area of test piece:
mm2 200 mm 100 mm 80 mm 50 mm
240 0,719 0,949 1,037 1,252
250 0,725 0,956 1,046 1,262
260 0,730 0,964 1,054 1,272
270 0,736 0,971 1,062 1,281
280 0,741 0,978 1,070 1,291
290 0,747 0,985 1,077 1,300
300 0,752 0,992 1,084 1,309
310 0,757 0,998 1,092 1,317
320 0,761 1,005 1,099 1,326
330 0,766 1,011 1,105 1,334
340 0,771 1,017 1,112 1,342
350 0,775 1,023 1,118 1,350
360 0,780 1,029 1,125 1,357
370 0,784 1,034 1,131 1,365
380 0,788 1,040 1,137 1,372
390 iTeh
0,792 STANDARD
1,045 PREVIEW
1,143 1,379
400 0,796 1,051 1,149 1,386
410 0,800 (standards.iteh.ai)
1,056 1,154 1,393
420 0,804 1,061 1,160 1,400
430 0,808 ISO 2566-1:2021
1,066 1,165 1,406
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440 0,812 1,071 1,171 1,413
450 0,815 2566-1-2021
1,076 1,176 1,419
460 0,819 1,080 1,181 1,426
470 0,822 1,085 1,186 1,432
480 0,826 1,090 1,191 1,438
490 0,829 1,094 1,196 1,444
500 0,833 1,099 1,201 1,450
550 0,849 1,120 1,224 1,477
600 0,863 1,139 1,246 1,503
650 0,877 1,158 1,266 1,528
700 0,891 1,175 1,285 1,550
750 0,903 1,191 1,303 1,572
800 0,915 1,207 1,320 1,592
850 0,926 1,222 1,336 1,612
900 0,936 1,236 1,351 1,630
950 0,947 1,249 1,366 1,648
1 000 0,956 1,262 1,380 1,665
1 050 0,966 1,274 1,393 1,681
1 100 0,975 1,286 1,406 1,697
1 150 0,983 1,298 1,419 1,712
1 200 0,992 1,309 1,431 1,727
1 250 1,000 1,320 1,443 1,741

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 ISO 2566-1:2021(E)

Table 4 (continued)
Cross sectional
Factor for non-proportional gauge length of:
area of test piece:
mm2 200 mm 100 mm 80 mm 50 mm
1 300 1,008 1,330 1,454 1,755
1 350 1,016 1,340 1,465 1,768
1 400 1,023 1,350 1,476 1,781
1 450 1,030 1,359 1,486 1,794
1 500 1,037 1,369 1,496 1,806
1 550 1,044 1,378 1,506 1,818
1 600 1,051 1,386 1,516 1,829
1 650 1,057 1,395 1,525 1,841
1 700 1,063 1,403 1,534 1,852
1 750 1,070 1,411 1,543 1,862
1 800 1,076 1,419 1,552 1,873
1 850 1,082 1,427 1,560 1,883
1 900 1,087 1,435 1,569 1,893
1 950 1,093 1,442 1,577 1,903
2 000 1,099 1,450 1,585 1,913
2 050 iTeh STANDARD
1,104 1,457 PREVIEW
1,593 1,922
2 100 1,109 1,464 1,600 1,931
2 150 (standards.iteh.ai)
1,115 1,471 1,608 1,941
2 200 1,120 1,477 1,615 1,950
2 250 1,125 ISO2566-1:2021
1,484 1,623 1,958
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2 300 1,130 1,491 1,630 1,967
2 350 1,135 2566-1-2021
1,497 1,637 1,975
2 400 1,139 1,503 1,644 1,984
2 450 1,144 1,510 1,651 1,992
2 500 1,149 1,516 1,657 2,000
2 550 1,153 1,522 1,664 2,008
2 600 1,158 1,528 1,670 2,016
2 650 1,162 1,533 1,677 2,023
2 700 1,167 1,539 1,683 2,031
2 750 1,171 1,545 1,689 2,038
2 800 1,175 1,550 1,695 2,046
2 850 1,179 1,556 1,701 2,053
2 900 1,183 1,561 1,707 2,060
2 950 1,187 1,567 1,713 2,067
3 000 1,191 1,572 1,719 2,074

© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved  7