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Chap 1 12 09 23

This document provides an overview of integrated circuits (IC) and very large scale integration (VLSI). It discusses Moore's Law and the VLSI design process. Key points include: 1) VLSI refers to integrated circuits containing over a million switching devices or logic gates. It has driven the rapid increase in the number of transistors that can be placed on a chip according to Moore's Law. 2) The benefits of VLSI include improved speed and lower power from reduced parasitics, smaller physical size, and lower manufacturing costs from reduced assembly. 3) Common applications of VLSI include microprocessors, memory chips, and special-purpose processors. VLSI design styles include full custom, ASIC, program

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65 views3 pages

Chap 1 12 09 23

This document provides an overview of integrated circuits (IC) and very large scale integration (VLSI). It discusses Moore's Law and the VLSI design process. Key points include: 1) VLSI refers to integrated circuits containing over a million switching devices or logic gates. It has driven the rapid increase in the number of transistors that can be placed on a chip according to Moore's Law. 2) The benefits of VLSI include improved speed and lower power from reduced parasitics, smaller physical size, and lower manufacturing costs from reduced assembly. 3) Common applications of VLSI include microprocessors, memory chips, and special-purpose processors. VLSI design styles include full custom, ASIC, program

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Argonewt van baskerville
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Overview Integrated Circuits (IC)

n Why VLSI? Name Signification Year Transistors Logic


number gates number
n Moore’s Law. SSI small-scale integration 1964 1 to 10 1 to 12
MSI medium-scale integration 1968 10 to 500 13 to 99
n The VLSI design process. LSI large-scale integration 1971 500 to 20,000 100 to 9,999

VLSI very large-scale integration 1980 20,000 to 10,000 to


1,000,000 99,999
1,000,000 and 100,000 and
ULSI ultra-large-scale integration 1984 more more

Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall

VLSI Why VLSI?

n Acronym of VLSI n Integration improves the design:


– Very-Large-Scale Integration
– lower parasitics = higher speed;
n A VLSI contains more than a million or so
switching devices or logic gates – lower power;
n Early in the first decade of the 21st century, the – physically smaller.
actual number of transistors has exceeded 100 n Integration reduces manufacturing cost-
million
(almost) no manual assembly.
n A piece of silicon (a chip) is typically about 1
centimeter on a side

Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall
VLSI and you VLSI Design Styles

n Microprocessors: n Full Custom


– personal computers; n Application-Specific Integrated Circuit
– microcontrollers. (ASIC)
n DRAM/SRAM. n Programmable Logic (PLD, FPGA)
n Special-purpose processors. n System-on-a-Chip

Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall

Full Custom Design ASIC

n Each circuit element carefully “handcrafted” n Constrained design using pre-designed (and
sometimes pre-manufactured) components
n Huge design effort
n Also called semi-custom design
n High Design & NRE Costs / Low Unit Cost
n CAD tools greatly reduce design effort
n High Performance
n Low Design Cost / High NRE Cost / Med. Unit
n Typically used for high-volume applications
Cost
n Medium Performance

Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall
Programmable Logic (FPGA) System-on-chip (SOC)

n Pre-manufactured components with n Idea: combine several large blocks


programmable interconnect – Predesigned custom cores (e.g., microcontroller) -
“intellectual property” (IP)
n CAD tools greatly reduce design effort – ASIC logic for special-purpose hardware
n Low Design Cost / Low NRE Cost / High Unit – Programmable Logic (PLD, FPGA)
Cost – Analog
n Lower Performance n Open issues
– Keeping design cost low
– Verifying correctness of design
Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall Modern VLSI Design 4e: Chapter 1 Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall

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