DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.

Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City

Landline No. (082) 291 1882
Accredited by ACSCU-ACI

GE MATH 1
MATHEMATICS IN THE
MODERN WORLD

1
 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City
Landline No. (082) 291 1882
Accredited by ACSCU-ACI

Week 1

Unit 1: The Nature of Mathematics

Topic: Mathematics in our World

Learning Outcomes:
1. Identify patterns in nature and regularities in the
world.
2. Articulate the importance of mathematics in one’s life.
3. Argue about the nature of mathematics, what it is, how it
is expresses, presented and used.
4. Express appreciation for mathematics as a human endeavor

Concept Digest (Discussion)

Picture Analysis

What these pictures tells about?

In your opinion, are numbers really important?
Why do number exist?
Why there are people afraid of numbers especially the
discussions?

In our modern world, the usefulness of mathematics is inevitable.

Mathematics is used in different fields to calculate effectively
the results of different activities, predict the behavior of a
variable when the other variables are known, identify fully well
the requirements of a particular dosage of medicine to cure a
certain illness verify whether a specific solution is applicable
to general set - ups ascertain the chronology of events in the
past identify patterns of situations; and many more.

Several questions for students:

1. For you, what is mathematics?
2. Where do you usually apply mathematics?
3. Who discovered mathematics?
4. What roles does mathematics play in our world?

Instructor’s Response:

Q1: Mathematics is the science that deals with the logic of shape,
quantity and arrangement. Math is all around us, in everything we
do. The needs of math arose based on the wants of society. The
more complex a society, the more complex the mathematical needs.

2
 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City
Landline No. (082) 291 1882
Accredited by ACSCU-ACI

Q2: Mathematics is used in a large variety of real-world

application. The general public applies arithmetic in grocery
shopping, financial mathematics is applied in commerce and
economics, statistics is used in many fields, number theory is
used in information technology and cryptography, surveyors apply
trigonometry, operations research techniques are applied to
logistics across diverse industries, and the list of application
of mathematics is endless.

Q3: Beginning in the 6th century BC with the Phytagoreans, the

Ancient Greeks began a systematic study of mathematics as a subject
in its own right with Greek mathematics. Around 300 BC, Euclid
introduced the axiomatic method still used in mathematics today,
consisting of definition, axiom, theorem, and proof. But then
again, we, the human being who create mathematics because we can
formulate problems and solutions.

Q4: Mathematics helps us understand the world and we use the world
to understand math. Math is a powerful tool for global
understanding and communication. Using it, students can make sense
of the world and solve complex and real problems.

Patterns and Numbers in Nature and the World

Let us look at the things that surround us. What numbers do we
see? Do they establish a pattern? If they do what is the pattern?
SITUATION NUMBERS PATTERN

46 - 1. This refers the block

number and lot number.

The number 46-1 234. This indicates that your

where your house is marked the 234th and
house is 234 the house next to you is
situated. 235th, and so on.
III-A
III-A. This house is situated
first on the third block.

Math1 - 3.2
The final These grades represent the
Eng1 - 2.3
grades shown in outcome of a student’s
BioSci - 2.2
your SPR. academic performance.
P.E. - 1.0
The feast day of
This has no specific date
the Infant
since the 3rd Sunday of
Jesus in Shrine Every 3rd Sunday
January may fall on the 15th,
Hills in Davao of January
16th, or even the 17th.
City.
The patterns that we see are often times the order of things,
events, and situations. The chronological data also establish
patterns.
SITUATIONS NUMBERS PATTERNS

3
 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City
Landline No. (082) 291 1882
Accredited by ACSCU-ACI

The percentage increase or

decrease in the annual sales can
be computed as follows:
2011 - the base year
 15M − 14 M 
Yearly
2012 -  100 % = 7.14%
 14 M 
 10 M − 15M 
The periodic 2011 - 14M 2013 -  100 % = −33.33%
sales reports of 2012 - 15M  15M 
ABC Department 2013 - 10M  20 M − 10 M 
2014 -  100 % = 100 %
store 2014 - 20M  10 M 
2015 - 25M
 25 M − 20 M 
2016 - 35M 2015 -  100 % = 25%
 20 M 
 35 M − 25 M 
2016 -  100 % = 40%
 25 M 
Observe that the decline of sales
happens in 2013.
The data is
reported once
every three
years.
1990 Base Year

Year 2000 compared to 1990

HDI  0.62 − 0.59 
 100 % = 5.08%
 0.59 
1990
0.59
2010 and 2000
2000  0.67 − 0.62 
The Human 0.62  100 % = 8.06%
 0.62 
Development
2010
Index (HDI) of 0.67 2011 and 2010
the Philippines
 0.67 − 0.67 
from 1990 to 2011  100% = 0%
2015 0.67  0.67 

2012 2013 and 2012

0.67  0.68 − 0.67 
 100 % = 1.49%
2013  0.67 
0.68
2015 and 2014
2014  0.60 − 0.68 
0.68  100 % = −11.76%
 0.68 
2015
0.60

The Fibonacci Sequence

4
 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City
Landline No. (082) 291 1882
Accredited by ACSCU-ACI

The Fibonacci sequence is an array of numbers that given two terms,

the nest term is determined by adding the given terms.
Mathematically,
fn = fn-1 + fn-2

Though a little bit confusing, it simply means that fn can be

determined if the previous two terms, fn-1 and fn-2 are added. Ergo,
we only need to have two numbers as the first two terms in order
to get the third, fourth, fifth terms, and so on.
Example:
GIVEN TERMS EXPANSION EXPLANATION
0+1=1
1+1=2
1+2=3
f0 = 0 2+3=5
f1 = 1 fn = 0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,… 3+5=8
5+8=13, and so on…
1+3=4
3+4=7
4+7=11
f0 = 1
fn = 1,3,4,7,11,18,29,… 7+11=18
f1 = 3
11+18=29, and so on…
2+2=4
2+4=6
f0 = 2 4+6=10
f1 = 2 fn = 2,2,4,6,10,16,26,… 6+10=16
10+16=26, and so on…

Appreciation of Numbers
Why do we call this number, “2”, two? Why is it not four, zero, or
even five? Though it takes a lot of reading to pacify our minds
about this representation, we just have to conclude one thing -
that is, we look at numbers as signs and symbols used to represent
magnitudes or quantities.
The number we use everyday represent magnitudes, quantities, and
coding to name a few.
Number can be of different scales. This means that their
representations are results of the types of measurements they are
assigned.

Nominal Numbers: refers to the characteristic or attribute of

subjects or objects that is used for naming, labeling, and
categorizing only.
Example: Cause of Death, Nationality, Color of the Eyes, Religion,
Color of Skin, Race, Names.
Ordinal Numbers: refers to the characteristic of subjects or
objects that is used for ranking and ordering.
Example: Year level, Social status, level of behavior, Ranking
system, and Top students in a class.

5
 DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE, INC.
Juan dela Cruz Street, Toril, Davao City
Landline No. (082) 291 1882
Accredited by ACSCU-ACI

Interval Numbers: refers to the characteristic or attribute of

subjects or objects that is are known sizes or distances.
Example: In temperature, 00C does not mean the absence of
temperature.
The level of dam in Metro Manila.
The weather televises by the weather forecaster.
Ratio Number: refers to the characteristic or attribute of subjects
or objects that contains the characteristic of interval data but
in this case, zero (0) has a true value.
Example: Height, Weight, and Monetary savings

We Grew Up with Numbers

Our orientation with numbers can be traced back to our childhood.
We grew up with numbers in our midst. We should remember that our
parents taught us how to count first; thus, the counting numbers
were introduced to us.
In school, our teacher taught us how to perform the mathematical
operation.
Our ability to like this numbers was a product of how they were
presented to us. Some may like the numbers and others do not.
Whatever our attitude is, one thing is very certain: We cannot get
rid of numbers, for numbers are everywhere.