FL2017-Chapter 1

Câu 1: Which of the following statements is correct?

A. To find few or no problems guarantees quality

B. To find and correct defects does not help if the whole system does not fulfill the customer
needs
C. Testing can prove that the product contains no faults
D. Running the same tests over and over again will sooner or later find new faults

Câu 2: Your test finds no problems. Which of the following conclusions can safely be drawn?

A. The product contains no faults

B. The product is not well enough tested
C. A conclusion needs more information
D. Test coverage was low

Câu 3: Thi question may have more than one correct answer. What is the name of something that
is incorrect in software?

A. An error
B. A fault
C. A failure
D. A defect
E. A mistake

Câu 4: Which statement is true?

A. A fault causes a bug which may cause a failure

B. A mistake causes an error which will cause failures during run time
C. An error causes a fault which may cause failures during run time
D. An error causes a problem which can cause defects during run time

Câu 5: Which of the following descriptions represents the fundamental test process?

A. Master test planning, level test planning, Test specification and preparation, test
execution and logging, Test completion
B. Test Planning and control, Test analysis and design, Test implementation and execution,
Evaluating exit criteria and reporting, Test closure activities
C. Test Planning, Test specification, Test design and preparation, Test execution and
logging, Evaluating exit criteria and reporting, Test closure activities
D. Strategic and detailed test planning, Test analysis and design, Test implementation, Test
execution and control, Evaluating exit criteria and reporting, Test closure activities
Câu 6: What is the purpose of test exit or completion criteria in the test plan?

A. To know when the specific test has finished its execution

B. To ensure that the test case specification is complete
C. To set the criteria used in generating test inputs
D. To plan and later decide when to stop testing

Câu 7: Deciding How much testing is enough should take into account:

I, Level of Risk including Technical and Business product and project risk

II, Project constraints such as time and budget

III, Size of Testing Team

IV, Size of the Development Team

A. I,II,III are true and IV is false

B. I,III,IV are true and II is false
C. I,II are true and III, IV are false
D. II,III,IV are true and I is false

Câu 8: Evaluating testability of the requirements and system are a part of which phase

A. Test Analysis and Design

B. Test Planning and control
C. Test Implementation and execution
D. Evaluating exit criteria and reporting

Câu 9: Which of the following has highest level of independence in which test cases are

A. Designed by persons who write the software under test

B. Designed by a person from a different section
C. Designed by a person from a different organization
D. Designed by another person

Câu 10: Which of the following is a part of Test Closure Activities?

I, Checking which planed deliverables have been delivered

II, Defect report analysis

III, Finalizing and archiving testware.

IV, Analyzing lessons

A. I,II,IV are true and III is false

 B. I,II,III are true and IV is false
C. I,III,IV are true and II is false
D. All above are true

Câu 11: Which of the following will be the best definition for Testing

A. The goal/ purpose of testing is to demonstrate that the program works

B. The purpose of testing is to demonstrate that the program is defect free
C. The purpose of testing is to demonstrate that the program does what it is supposed to do
D. Testing is executing Software for the purpose of finding defects

Cau 12: Recall the activity that removes the cause of a failure

A. Testing
B. Dynamic testing
C. Debugging
D. Reverse engineering

Cau 13: As a tester, which of the following is a key to effectively communicating and
maintaining positive relationships with developers when there is disagreement over the
prioritization of a defect?

A. Escalate the issue to human resources and stress the importance of mutual respect
B. Communicate in a setting with senior management to ensure everyone understands
C. Convince the developer to accept the blame for the mistake
D. Remind them of the common gold of creating quality systems

Cau 14: Why is software testing sometimes required for legal reasons?

A. It prevents developers from suing testers

B. Contracts may specify testing requirements that must the fulfilled
C. International laws require software testing for exported products
D. Testing across systems must be accompanied by legal documentation

Cau 15: Why is it important to avoid the pesticide paradox?

A. Dynamic testing is less reliable in finding bugs

B. Pesticides mixed which static testing can allow bugs to escape detection
C. Tests should not be context dependent
D. Running the same test over and over will reduce the chance of finding new defects

Cau 16: Which of the following is the activity that compares the planed test progress to the
actual test progress

A. Test monitoring
 B. Test planning
C. Test closure
D. Test control

Cau 17: Which of the following is the correct statement?

A. An error causes a failure which results in a defect

B. A defect causes a failure which results in an error
C. A failure is observed as an error and the root cause is the defect
D. An error causes a defect which is observed as a failure

Cau 18: What type of activity is normally used to find and fix a defect in the code?

A. Regression testing
B. Debugging
C. Dynamic analysis
D. Static analysis

Cau 19: what is the test basis?

A. The point during software development when testing should start

B. The body of knowledge used for test analysis and design
C. The source to determine the actual results from a set of tests
D. The method used to systematically devise test conditions

Cau 20: when the tester verifies the test basic while designing tests early in the lifecycle, which
common test objective is being achieved?

A. Gaining confidence
B. Finding defects
C. Preventing defects
D. Providing information for decision making

Cau 21: when following the fundamental test process, when should the test control activity take
place?

A. During the planning activities

B. During the implementation and execution activities
C. During the monitoring activities
D. During all the activities

Cau 22: Which of the following is a correct statement?

A. A developer makes a mistake which causes a defect that may be seen as a failure during
dynamic testing
 B. A developer makes an error which results in a failure that may be seen as a fault when the
software is executed
C. A developer has introduced a failure which result in a defect that may be seen as a
mistake during dynamic testing
D. A developer makes a mistake which causes a bug that may be seen as a defect when the
software is executed

Cau 23: Which of the following is an example of debugging?

A. A tester finds a defect and reports it

B. A tester retests a fix from the developer and finds a regression
C. A developer finds and fixes a defect
D. A developer performs unit testing

Cau 24: Which of the following is a true statement about exhaustive testing?

A. It is a form of stress testing

B. It is not feasible except in the case of trivial software
C. It is commonly done with test automation
D. It is normally the responsibility of the developer during unit testing

Cau 25: A new retail product was released to production by your company. Shortly after the
release it was apparent that there were numerous problems with the point of sale application.
This resulted in a number of customer complaints and negative postings on social media
encouraging people to take their business to your competitor. You have investigated the
problems and have discovered that the production point of sale equipment is a late model than
the model used in testing.

The software functions correctly on the old version, but fails on the later model

Given this scenario, what is the root cause and what is the effect?

A. The root cause is the old equipment and the effect is the new equipment
B. The root cause is the customer complaints and the effect is the social media postings
C. The root cause is conducting the testing on the wrong version of the equipment and the
effect is the customer complaints and postings
D. The root cause is the software failing on the later model and the effect is the customer
complaints

Cau 26: If you need to provide a report showing test case execution coverage of the
requirements, what do you need to track?

A. Traceability between the test case and the requirements

B. Coverage of the risk items by test case
 C. Traceability between the requirements and the risk items
D. Coverage of the requirements by the test cases that have been designed

Cau 27: How can software defects in future projects be prevented from reoccurring?

A. Creating documentation procedures and allocating resource contingencies

B. Asking programmers to perform a thorough and independent testing
C. Combining levels of testing and mandating inspections of all documents
D. Documenting lessons learned and determining the root cause of problems

Cau 28: Which approaches can help increase the quality of software?

I, Incorporating rigorous testing

II, Preventing change requests

III, Establishing defects metrics

IV, Allocating schedule contingencies

A. I, II are true and III,IV are false

B. II, IV are true and I,III are false
C. I,IV are true and II,III are false
D. I,III are true and II,IV are false

Cau 29: What should be the MAIN objective during developments testing?

A. To cause as many failures as possible so that defects in the software are identified and
can be fixed
B. To confirm that the system works as expected and that requirements have been met
C. To access the quality of the software with no intention of fixing defects
D. To give information to stakeholders of the risk of releasing the system at a given time

Cau 30: Which of the following statements is GENERALLY true of testing?

I, Testing can show the presence of defects.

II, Testing reduces the probability of uncovered defects

III, Testing can show that a previously present defect has been removed

IV, Testing can prove that software is defect free.

A. I,II and IV
B. I,II and III
C. I,III and IV
 D. II,III and IV

Cau 31: Which of the following, if observed in reviews and tests, would lead to problems (or
conflict) within teams?

A. Testers and reviewers are not curious enough to find defects

B. Testers and reviewers are not qualified enough to find failures and faults
C. Testers and reviewers communicate defects as criticism against persons and not against
the software product
D. Testers and reviewers expect that defects in the software product have already been found
and fixed by the developers.

Cau 32: Which of the following statements are TRUE?

I, Software testing may be required to meet legal or contractual requirements

II, Software testing is mainly needed to improve the quality of the developer’s work.

III, Rigorous testing and fixing of defects found can help reduce the risk of problems occurring
in an operational environment.

IV, Rigorous testing is sometimes used to prove that all failures have been found.

A. I,IV are true and II, III are false

B. I,III are true and II,IV are false
C. II,III are true and I,IV are false
D. III,IV are true and I,II are false

Cau 33: Which of the following statement BEST describes the difference between testing and
debugging?

A. Testing pinpoints (identifies the source of) the defects. Debugging analyzes the faults and
proposes prevention activities
B. Dynamic testing shows failures caused by defects. Debugging finds, analyzes, and
removes the causes of failures in the software
C. Testing removes faults. Debugging identifies the causes of failures
D. Dynamic testing prevents causes of failures. Debugging removes the failures

Cau 34: When test cases are designed early in the lifecycle, verifying the test basis via the test
design, which common test objective is being achieved?

A. Gaining confidence
B. Finding defects
C. Preventing defects
D. Providing information for decision making
Cau 35: A company recently purchased a commercial off-the-shelf application to automate their
bill-paying process. They now plan to run an acceptance test against the package prior to putting
it into production. Which of the following is their most likely reason for testing?

A. To build confidence in the application

B. To detect bugs in the application
C. To gather evidence for a lawsuit
D. To train the users

Cau 36: According to the ISTQB Glossary, the word “bug” is synonymous with which of the
following words?

A. Incident
B. Defect
C. Mistake
D. Error

Cau 37: According to the ISTQB Glossary, a risk relates to which of the following?

A. Negative feedback to the tester

B. Negative consequences that will occur
C. Negative consequences that could occur
D. Negative consequences for the test object

Cau 38: Ensuring that test design starts during the requirements definition phase is important to
enable Which of the following test objectives?

A. Preventing defects in the system

B. Finding defects through dynamic testing
C. Gaining confidence in the system
D. Finishing the project on time

Cau 39: A test team consistently finds between 90% and 95% of the defects present in the system
under test. While the test manager understands that this is a good defect-detection percentage for
her test team and industry, senior management and executives remain disappointed in the test
group, saying that the team misses too many bugs. Given that the user are generally happy with
the system and that the failures which have occurred have generally been low impact, Which of
the following testing principles is most likely to help the test manager explain to these managers
and executives why some defects are likely to be missed?

A. Exhaustive testing is impossible

B. Defect clustering

C. Pesticide paradox
D. Absence-of-errors fallacy

Cau 40: According to the ISTQB Glossary, regression testing is required for what purpose?

A. To verify the success of corrective actions

B. To prevent a task from being incorrectly considered completed
C. To ensure that defects have not been introduced by a modification
D. To motivate better unit testing by the programmers

Cau 41: Which of the following is most important to promote and maintain good relationships
between testers and developers?

A. Understanding what managers value about testing

B. Explaining test results in a neutral fashion
C. Identifying potential customer workarounds for bugs
D. Promoting better quality software whenever possible

Cau 42: Which of the statements below is the best assessment of how the test principles apply
across the test life cycle?

A. Test principles only affect the preparation for testing

B. Test principles only affect test execution activities
C. Test principles affect the early test activities such as review
D. Test principles affect activities throughout the test life cycle
 FL2019-Chapter 1
Cau 1: The later in the developer life cycle a fault is discovered, the more expensive it is to fix,
why?

A. The documentation is poor, so it takes longer to find out what the software is doing
B. Wages are rising
C. The fault has been built into more documentation, code, tests, etc…
D. None of the above

Cau 2: What happens to the cost of defects as we considerably move across the life cycle?

A. Remains stagnant
B. Decreases
C. Increases
D. None of the above

Cau 3: Which of the following are the goals and objectives of testing?

A. Finding defects
B. Preventing defects
C. Gaining confidence in and providing information about the level of quality
D. All of the above

Cau 4: Which of the following is NOT the task of Test control?

A. Initiate corrective actions

B. Make decisions
C. Write a test summary report for stakeholders
D. Provide information on testing

Cau 5: Which general testing principles are characterized by the descriptions belau?

a, Early testing

b, pesticide paradox

c, exhaustive testing

d, Absence-of-errors fallacy

1, Testing activities should start as early as possible in the software development life cycle

2, testing everything is not feasible except for trivial cases

3, Finding and fixing defects does not help if the system built is unusable and does not fulfill the
user’s needs and requirements

4, Test cases must be regularly reviewed and revised

A. a2, b3, c1, d4

B. a1, b4, c2, d3
C. a4, b2, c3, d1
D. a3, b1, c4, d2

Cau 6: Ensuring that test design starts during the requirements definition phase is important to
enable which of the following test objectives?

A. Preventing defect in the system

B. Finding defects through dynamic testing
C. Gaining confidence in the system
D. Finishing the project on time

Cau 7: Which of the following is the activity that removes the cause of a failure?

A. Testing
B. Dynamic testing
C. Debugging
D. Reverse engineering

Cau 8: As a tester, Which of the following is a key to effectively communicating and

maintaining positive relationships with developers when there is disagreement over the
prioritization of a defect?

A. Escalate the issue to human resources and stress the importance of mutual respect
B. Communicate in a setting with senior management to ensure everyone understands
C. Convince the developer to accept the blame for the mistake
D. Remind them of the common goal of creating quality systems

Cau 9: Why is software testing sometimes required for legal reasons

A. It prevents developers from suing testers

B. Contracts may specify testing requirements that must be fulfilled
C. International laws require software testing for exported products
D. Testing across systems must be accompanied by legal documentation

Cau 10: in what way does root cause analysis contribute to process improvement?

A. Helps to better identify and correct the root cause of defects

B. Outlines how development teams can code faster
 C. Specifies the desired root causes to be achieved by other teams
D. Contributes to the justification of future project funding

Cau 11: What is it important to avoid the pesticide paradox?

A. Dynamic testing is less reliable in finding bugs

B. Pesticides mixed with static testing can allow bugs to escape detection
C. Tests should not be context dependent
D. Running the same tests over and over will reduce the change of finding new defects

Cau 12: Which of the following is the activity that compares the planned test progress to the
actual test progress?

A. Test monitoring
B. Test planning
C. Test closure
D. Test control

Cau 13: Which of the following is the correct statement?

A. An error causes a failure which results in a defect

B. A defect causes a failure which results in an error
C. A failure is observed as an error and the root cause is the defect
D. An error causes a defect which is observed as a failure

Cau 14: What type of activity is normally used to find and fix a defect in the code?

A. Regression testing
B. Debugging
C. Dynamic analysis
D. Static analysis

Cau 15: What is the test basics?

A. The point during software development when testing should start

B. The body of knowledge used for test analysis and design
C. The source to determine the actual results from a set of tests
D. The method used to systematically device test conditions

Cau 16: When the tester verifies the test basic while designing tests early in the lifecycle, which
common test objective is being achieved?

A. Gaining confidence
B. Finding defects
C. Preventing defects
 D. Providing information for decision making

Cau 17: When following the fundamental test process, when should the test control activity take
place?

A. During the planning activities

B. During the implementation and execution activities
C. During the monitoring activities
D. During all the activities

Cau 18: Which of the following is a correct statement?

A. A developer makes a mistake which causes a defect that may be seen as a failure during
dynamic testing
B. A developer makes an error which results in a failure that may be seen as a fault when the
software is executed
C. A developer has introduced a failure which results in a defect that may be seen as a
mistake during dynamic testing
D. A developer makes a mistake which causes a bug that may be seen as a defect when the
software is executed

Cau 19: Which of the following is an example of debugging?

A. A tester finds a defect and reports it

B. A tester retests a fix from the developer and finds a regression
C. A developer finds and fixes a defect
D. A developer performs unit testing

Cau 20: Which of the following is a true statement about exhaustive testing?

A. It is a form of stress testing

B. It is not feasible except in the case of trivial software
C. It is commonly done with test automation
D. It is normally the responsibility of the developer during unit testing

Cau 21: A new retail product was released to production by your company. Shortly after the
release it was apparent that there were numerous problems with the point of sale application.
This resulted in a number of customer complaints and negative postings on social media
encouraging people to take their business to your competitor. You have investigated the
problems and have discovered that the production point of sale equipment is a late model than
the model used in testing.

The software functions correctly on the old version, but fails on the later model

Given this scenario, what is the root cause and what is the effect?
 A. The root cause is the old equipment and the effect is the new equipment
B. The root cause is the customer complaints and the effect is the social media postings
C. The root cause is conducting the testing on the wrong version of the equipment and the
effect is the customer complaints and postings
D. The root cause is the software failing on the later model and the effect is the customer
complaints

Cau 22: If you need to provide a report showing test case execution coverage of the
requirements, What do you need to track?

A. Traceability between the testcase and the requirements

B. Coverage of the risk items by testcase
C. Traceability between the requirements and the risk items
D. Coverage of the requirements by the test cases that have been designed

FL2020-Chapter 1
Cau 1: What is quality?

A. Part of quality management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements

will be fulfilled
B. The degree to which a component, system or process meets specified requirements and/or
user/customer needs and expectations
C. The degree to which a component or system protects information and data so that persons
or other components or systems have the degree of access appropriate to their types and
levels of authorization.
D. The total costs incurred on quality activities and issues and often split into prevention
costs, appraisal costs, internal failure costs and external failure costs.

Cau 2: Which of the following is a typical test objective?

A. Preventing defects
B. Repairing defects
C. Comparing actual results to expected results
D. Analyzing the cause of failure

Cau 3: A phone ringing in an adjacent cubicle momentarily distracts a programmer, causing the
programmer to improperly program mthe logic that checks the upper boundary of an input
variable

Later, during system testing, a tester notices that this input field accepts invalid input value.
The improperly coded logic for the upper boundary check is:

A. The root cause

B. The failure
C. The error
D. The defect

Cau 4: A product owner says that your role as a tester on an Agile team is to catch all the bugs
before the end of each iteration. Which of the following is a testing principle that could be used
to respond to this statement?

A. Defect clustering
B. Testing shows the presence of defects
C. Absence of error fallacy
D. Root cause analysis

Cau 5: Programmers often write and execute unit tests against code which they have written.
During this selftesting activity, Which of the following is a tester mindset that programmers
should adopt to perform this unit testing effectively?

A. Good communication skills

B. Code coverage
C. Evaluating code defects
D. Attention to detail

Cau 6: Consider the following testing activities:

1, Selecting regression tests

2, Evaluating completeness of test execution

3, Identifying which user stories have open defect reports

4, Evaluating whether the number of tests for each requirement is consistent with the level of
product risk consider the following ways traceability can help testing

a, improve understandability of test status reports to include status of test basis items

b, make testing auditable

c, provide information to assess process quality

d, analyze the impact of changes

Which of the following best matches the testing activity with how traceability can assist that
activity?
 A. 1d,2b,3c,4a
B. 1b, 2d, 3a, 4c
C. 1d, 2c, 3a, 4b
D. 1d, 2b, 3a, 4c

Cau 7: A tester participated in a discussion about proposed database structure. The tester
identified a potential performance problem related to certain common user searches. This
possible problem was explained to the development team. Which of the following is a testing
contribution to success that BEST matches this situation?

A. enabling required tests to be identified at an early stage

B. ensuring processes are carried out properly
C. reducing the risk of fundamental design defects
D. reducing the risk of untestable functionality

Cau 8: Which of the following is an example of a task that can be carried out as part of the test
process?

A. Analyzing a defect
B. Designing test data
C. Assigning a version to a test item
D. Writing a user story

Cau 9: Which of the following provides the BEST description of a test case?

A. A document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a test. Also known as
test script or manual test script
B. A set of input values and expected results, with execution preconditions and execution
postconditions, developed for a particular test condition
C. An attribute of a system specified by requirements documentation (for example
reliability, usability or design constraints) that is executed in a test
D. An item or event of a system that could be verified by one or more test conditions, e.g., a
function, transaction, feature, quality attribute, or structural element.

Cau 10: Which of the following is a major objective of testing?

A. To prevent defects
B. To validate the project plan works as required
C. To gain confidence in the development team.
D. To make release decisions for the system under test.

Cau 11: Which of the following is an example of a failure in a car cruise control system?

A. The developer of the system forgot to rename variables after a cut-and-paste operation.
 B. Unnecessary code that sounds and alarm when reversing was included in the system.
C. The system stops maintaining a set speed when the radio volume is increased or
decreased
D. The design specification for the system wrongly states speeds in km/h

Cau 12: Which of the following is a defect rather than a root cause in a fitness tracker

A. Because he was unfamiliar with the domain of fitness training, the author of the
requirements wrongly assumed that users wanted heartbeat in beats per hours.
B. The tester of the smart phone interface had not been trained in state transition testing, so
missed a major defect
C. An incorrect configuration variable implemented for the GPS function could cause
location problems during daylight saving times
D. Because she had never worked on wearable devices before, the designer of the user
interface misunderstood the effects of reflected sunlight

Cau 13: As a result of risk analysis, more testing is being directed to those areas of the system
under test where initial testing found more defects than average

Which of the following testing principles is being applied?

A. Beware of the pesticide paradox.

B. Testing is context dependent.
C. Absence-of-errors is a fallacy.
D. Defects cluster together.

Cau 14: Given the following test activities and tasks:

a, Test design

b, Test implementation

c, Test execution

d, Test completion

1, Entering change requests for open defect reports

2, Identifying test data to support the test cases

3, Prioritizing test procedures to determine their cause

Which of the following BEST matches the activities with the task?

A. a2, b3, c4, d1

B. a2, b1, c3, d4
 C. a3, b2, c4, d1
D. a3, b2, c1, d4

Cau 15: Which of the following BEST describes how value is added by maintaining traceability
between the test basic and test artifacts?

A. Maintenance testing can be fully automated based on changes to the initial requirements
B. It is possible to determine if a new test case has increased coverage of the requirements
C. Test managers can identify which testers found the highest severity defects
D. Areas that may be impacted by side-effects of a change can be targeted by confirmation
testing

Cau 16: Which of the following qualities is MORE likely to be found in a tester’s mindset rather
than in a developer’s?

A. Experience on which to base their efforts

B. Ability to see what might go wrong.
C. Good communication with the members.
D. Attention to detail.

Cau 17: Which one of the following answers describes a test condition?

A. An attribute of a component or system specified or implied by requirements

documentation
B. An aspect of the test basic that is relevant to achieve specific test objectives
C. The degree to which a software product provides functions which meet stated and
implied needs when the software is used under specified conditions
D. The percentage of all single condition outcomes that independently affect a decision
outcome that have been exercised by a test suite.

Cau 18: Which of the following statements is a valid objective for testing?

A. The test should start as late as possible so that development had enough time to create a
good product.
B. To fine as many failures as possible so that defects can be identified and corrected
C. To prove that all possible defects are identified
D. To prove that any remaining defects will not cause any failures.

Cau 19: Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between testing and
debugging?

A. Testing identifies the source of defects; debugging analyzes the defects and proposes
prevention activities.
 B. Dynamic testing shows failures caused by defects; debugging finds, analyzes, and
removes the causes of failures in the software
C. Testing removes defects; debugging identifies the causes of failures
D. Dynamic testing prevents the causes of failures; debugging removes the failures..

Cau 20: Which one of the statements below describes the most common situation for a failure
discovered during testing or in production?

A. The product crashed when the user selected an option in a dialog box.
B. The wrong version of a compiled source code file was included in the build
C. The computation algorithm used the wrong input variables
D. The developer misinterpreted the requirement for the algorithm

Cau 21: Mr. Test has been testing software applications on mobile devices for a period of 5
years. He has a wealth of experience in testing mobile applications and achieves better results in
a shorter time than others. Over several months Mr. Test did not modify the existing automated
test cases and did not create any new test case. This leads to fewer and fewer defects being found
by executing the tests. What principle of testing did Mr. Test not observe?

A. testing depends on the environment.

B. Exhaustive testing is not possible.
C. Repeating of tests will not find new defects
D. Defects cluster together.

Cau 22: In what way can testing be part of Quality Assurance?

A. It ensures that requirements are detailed enough

B. It contributes to the achievement of quality in a variety of ways/
C. It ensures that standards in the organization are followed
D. It measures the quality of software in terms of number of executed test cases.

Cau 23: Which of the following activities is part of the main activity “test analysis “ in the test
process?

A. Identifying any required infrastructure and tools

B. Creating test suites from test scripts
C. Analyzing lessons learned for process improvement.
D. Evaluating the test basic for testability

Cau 24: Match the following test work products (1-4) with the right description (a-d)

1, Test suite

2, Test case
3. Test script

4, Test charter

a, A group of test scripts with a sequence of instructions

b, A set of instructions for the execution of a test

c, Contains expected results.

D, An instruction of test goals and possible test ideas on how to test.

A. 1a, 2c, 3b, 4d

B. 1d, 2b, 3a, 4c
C. 1a, 2c, 3d, 4b
D. 1d, 2c, 3b, 4a

Cau 25: How can white-box testing be applied during acceptance testing?

A. To check if large volumes of data can be transferred between integrated systems

B. To check if all code statements and code decision paths have been executed
C. To check if all work process flows have been covered
D. To cover all web page navigations

FL2021-Chapter 1

Cau 1: What is the test basic?

A. The point during software development when testing should start

B. The body of knowledge used for test analysis and design
C. The source to determine the actual results from a set of tests
D. The method used to systematically devise test conditions

Cau 2: Which of the following is the activity that removes the cause of a failure?

A. Testing
B. Dynamic testing
C. Debugging
D. Reverse engineering

Cau 3: Which of the following is NOT a valid objective of testing?

 A. Preventing defects from being introduced into the code
B. Investigating and fixing defects in the software under test
C. Gaining confidence that the system is fit-for-purpose
D. Providing information for stakeholders’ decision making

Cau 4: A calculator software is used to calculate the result for 5+6. The user noticed that the
result give is 6. This is an example of:

A. Failure
B. Mistake
C. Fault
D. Error

Cau 5: When the tester verifies the test basis while designing tests early in the lifecycle, which
common test objective is being achieved?

A. Gaining confidence
B. Finding defects
C. Preventing defects
D. Providing information for decision making

Cau 6: In what way does root cause analysis contribute to process improvement?

A. Helps to better identify and correct the root cause of defects

B. Outlines how development teams can code faster
C. Specifies the desired root causes to be achieved by other teams
D. Contributes to the justification of future project funding

Cau 7: When what is visible to end-users is a deviation form the specific or expected behavior,
this is called…?

A. An error
B. A fault
C. A failure
D. A defect

Cau 8: During the development of a software change for a system, the developer makes a
mistake in his work which leads to a fault in the code. Unfortunately the fault is not found by
software testing and is released into live. What is the definite consequence of this mistake?

A. The system will fail, causing a defect

B. If the defect is executed, the system may fail
C. Loss of money, time, or business reputation
D. Contractual requirements have not been met by testing
Cau 9: When following the fundamental test process, when should the test control activity take
place?

A. During the planning activities

B. During the implementation and execution activities
C. During the monitoring activities
D. During all the activities

Cau 10: As a tester, Which of the following is a key to effectively communicating and
maintaining positive relationships with developers when there is disagreement over the
prioritization of a defect?

A. Escalate the issue to human resources and stress the importance of mutual respect
B. Communicate in a setting with senior management to ensure everyone understands
C. Convince the developer to accept the blame for the mistake
D. Remind them of the common goal of creating quality systems.

Cau 11: Which of the following is a correct statement?

A. A developer makes a mistake which causes a defect that may be seen as a failure during
dynamic testing
B. A developer makes an error which results in a failure that may be seen as a fault when the
software is executed
C. A developer has introduced a failure which results in a defect that may be seen as a
mistake during dynamic testing
D. A develop makes a mistake which causes a bug that may be seen as a defect when the
software is executed

Cau 12: Which of the following is the correct statement?

A. An error causes a failure which results in a defect.

B. A defect causes a failure which results in an error.
C. A failure is observed as an error and the root cause is the defect
D. An error causes a defect which is observed as a failure

Cau 13: What type of activity is normally used to find and fix a defect in the code

A. Regression testing
B. Debugging
C. Dynamic analysis
D. Static analysis

Cau 14: Why is software testing sometimes required for legal reasons?

A. It prevents developers from suing testers

 B. Contracts may specify testing requirements that must be fulfilled
C. International laws require software testing for exported products
D. Testing across systems must be accompanied by legal documentation

Cau 15: Which of the following is an example of debugging?

A. A tester finds a defect and reports it

B. A tester retests a fix from the developer and finds a regression
C. A developer finds and fixes a effect
D. A developer performs unit testing

Cau 16: Which of the following is the activity that compares the planned test progress to the
actual test progress

A. Test monitoring
B. Test planning
C. Test closure
D. Test control

Cau 17: Which of the following is a true statement about exhaustive testing?

A. It is a form of stress testing

B. It is not feasible except in the case of trivial software
C. It is commonly done with test automation
D. It is normally the responsibility of the developer during unit testing

Cau 18: Why is it important to avoid the pesticide paradox?

A. Dynamic testing is less reliable in finding bugs

B. Pesticides mixed with static testing can allow bugs to escape detection
C. Tests should not be context dependent
D. Running the same tests over and over will reduce the chance of finding new defects

Cau 19: A new retail product was released to production by your company. Shortly after the
release it was apparent that there were numerous problems with the point of sale application.
This resulted in a number of customer complaints and negative postings on social media
encouraging people to take their business to your competitor. You have investigated the
problems and have discovered that the production point of sale equipment is a late model than
the model used in testing.

The software functions correctly on the old version, but fails on the later model

Given this scenario, what is the root cause and what is the effect?

A. The root cause is the old equipment and the effect is the new equipment
 B. The root cause is the customer complaints and the effect is the social media postings
C. The root cause is conducting the testing on the wrong version of the equipment and the
effect is the customer complaints and postings
D. The root cause is the software failing on the later model and the effect is the customer
complaints

Cau 20: If you need to provide a report showing test case execution coverage of the
requirements, What do you need to track

A. Traceability between the test case and the requirements

B. Coverage of the risk items by test case
C. Traceability between the requirements and the risk items
D. Coverage of the requirements by the test cases that have been designed

Cau 21: Which activity in the fundamental test process creates test suites for efficient test
execution?

A. Implementation and execution

B. Planning and control
C. Analysis and design
D. Test closure

Cau 22: Which of the following is a MAJOR task of test implementation and execution?

A. Measuring and analysing results

B. Reporting discrepancies and incidents
C. Identifying test conditions or test requirements
D. Assessing if more tests are needed