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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Properties of Multiplication
Mathematics – Grade 3
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 3: Properties of Multiplication
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Module

Authors: Ma. Loida Embalsado, Marichu C. Tumawis, Marie Cris B. Plaza
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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Properties of Multiplication
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home.
Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide
you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson
prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge of lessons
in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to complete this module
or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher's assistance for
a better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module,
you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning.
Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the main text material, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and
reminders on how they can best help you with your home-based
learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks
on any part of this SLM and use a separate sheet of paper in
answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions
carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions using this SLM or any difficulty in
answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your
teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is

here to help you master the skill in describing one's drawing about
the narratives listened to through composition. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes your diverse vocabulary
backgrounds. The lessons are arranged to follow the course's
standard sequence, but the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the Mathematics Grade 3 learning
materials that you are using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

• illustrate the properties of multiplication in relevant
situations (commutative property, distributive property, or
associative property).

Enjoy your journey. Good luck!

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 What I Know

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the missing factor in 7 x 8 = x 7?

a. 10 c. 8
b. 7 d. 6

2. What property of multiplication is illustrated in 9 x 7 = 7 x 9?

a. Identity Property
b. Commutative Property
c. Distributive Property
d. Associative Property

3. What is the missing factor in 2 x (10 + 8) = (2 x ) + (2 x 8)?

a. 10 c. 8
b. 7 d. 2

4. What property of multiplication is being illustrated:

3 x (9 x 2) = (3 x 9) x 2?
a. Identity Property
b. Commutative Property
c. Distributive Property
d. Associative Property

5. Which of the following illustrates Distributive Property?

a. 3 x (4 + 7) = (3 x 4) + (3 x 7)
b. 3 x 4 = 4 x 3
c. (3 x 4) x 7 = 3 x (4 x 7)
d. 3 x (4 x 7) = 3 x (4 + 7)

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 Illustrates the Properties of
Lesson
Multiplication in Relevant Situations

In the previous lesson, you have learned how to multiply

numbers by visualizing multiplication sentences into groups or sets
of objects. You also learned the basic multiplication facts in
multiplying numbers through 0 to 10.
In this module, you will learn the properties of multiplication;
commutative, distributive, and associative.

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 What’s In

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Use a separate

sheet for your answers.

1. What is the addition equation for 7 x 5 = n?

a. 7+7+7+7+7+7+7 = n c. 7+7+7+7+7 = n
b. 5+5+5+5+5 = n d. 5+5+5+5+7+7+7 = n

2. If 7 x 5 = 35, then 5 x 7 = _.
a. 35 b. 40 c. 30 d. 12

3. Write the missing factor: 6 x 3 = 3 x

a. 2 b. 3 c. 6 d. 9

4. Given 14 x 2 = 28, then (10 x 2) + (4 x 2) = .

a. 20 + 6 = 26 c. 12 + 6 = 18
b. 20 + 8 = 28 d. 12 + 8 = 20

5. Given 3 x (2 x 5) = 3 x 10 = 30, then (3 x 2) x 5 = .

a. 6 x 5 = 30 c. 6 x 10 = 60
b. 5 x 5 = 25 d. 6 + 5 = 11

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 What’s New

Read the problem below.

Andy and Loida work in a bakery shop. Andy has to prepare 6
trays with 5 cupcakes per tray which was an order from a
customer. On the other hand, Loida has accepted an order of 5
trays with 6 cupcakes per tray from another customer. Who has
more cupcakes to prepare?

1. How many trays does Andy have to prepare?

Answer: trays of cupcakes per tray.
2. How many trays does Loida have to prepare?
Answer: trays of cupcakes per tray.
3. What is the multiplication sentence for Andy’s work?
Answer: x =n
4. What is the multiplication sentence for Loida’s work?
Answer: x =n
5. What is the product?
Andy: (multiplication sentence) x =
(repeated addition) + + + + +
= _ Loida: (multiplication
sentence)_ x =
(repeated addition) + + + + =

Answer to the problem question:

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 What is It

In our problem in Activity 1, if you answered that Andy and

Loida have the same number of cupcakes to prepare, then you
are correct!
The multiplication phrases "5 x 6" and "6 x 5" is equal to 30. This
illustrates the Commutative Property of Multiplication.
In this lesson, we will discuss the three Properties of
Multiplication:

A. Commutative Property
This property indicates that changing the order of factors
does not change or affect the product.

Example: 5 x 6 = 6 x 5

B. Distributive Property
Multiplying the sum of two or more addends by a number will
give the same result as multiplying each addend individually by
the number and then adding the products together.

The distributive property helps multiply numbers

especially if one of the factors is a 2-digit number.

Example: 13 x 2 = ?

Step 1. Write the 2-digit number in expanded form.

13 x 2 = (10 + 3) x 2

Step 2. Distribute the multiplier over addition.

(10 + 3) x 2 = (10 x 2) + (3 x 2)

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Step 3. Add the partial products to get the final answer.

(10 x 2) + (3 x 2) = 20 + 6 = 26

Another Example: 17 x 4 = ?

Solution: 17 x 4 = (10 + 7) x 4 Expanded form

= (10 x 4) + (7 x 4) Distributive property

= 40 + 28 Adding partial products

= 68 Product

C. Associative Property
This property states that when three numbers are multiplied,
the product is the same regardless of the grouping of the factors.

Example: (2 x 4) x 6 = 2 x (4 x 6)

To multiply three 1-digit numbers using associative property;

a. Multiply first the factors enclosed in parentheses.
b. Multiply the remaining factors.

Example: Apply the associative property to multiply 2 x 4 x 6.

Solution:

Step 1. Enclose the two factors to be multiplied first.

(2 x 4) x 6 or 2 x (4 x 6)

Step 2. Multiply first the factors enclosed in parentheses.

(2 x 4) x 6 = 8 x 6 2 x (4 x 6) = 2 x 24

Step 3. Multiply the remaining factors.

8 x 6 = 48 2 x 24 = 48

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 What’s More

Match the properties found in the box to each item below that
illustrates its meaning. Write the letter of the correct answer on a
separate sheet.

A. Commutative Property
B. Distributive Property
C. Associative Property

1. 5 x (6 x 7) = (5 x 6) x 7

2. 8 x 2 = 2 x 8

3. (10 + 8) x 7 = (10 x 7) + (8 x 7)

4. (2 x 5) + (2 x 7) = (5 + 7) x 2

5. 28 x 30 = 30 x 28

6. 2 groups of 10 is equal to 10 groups of 2

7. 15 x 9 = (10 + 5) x 9 = (10 x 9) + (5 x 9)

8. (5 x 20) x 2 = 5 x (20 x 2)

9. 3 x (4 x 5) = (3 x 4) x 5

10. 6 x (7 x 3) = 6 x 21

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 What I Have Learned

Three Properties of Multiplication:

A. Commutative Property:
axb=bxa

This property indicates that changing the order of factors

does not change or affect the product.

B. Distributive Property:
(a + b) x c = (a x c) + (b x c)

Multiplying the sum of two or more addends by a number

will multiply each addend individually by the number and
then add the products together.

C. Associative Property:
a x (b x c) = (a x b) x c

This property states that when three numbers are

multiplied, the product is the same regardless of the factors'
grouping.

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 What I Can Do

Complete each multiplication sentence to illustrate the given

Property of Multiplication.

1. 8 x 9 = (commutative)

2. = 3 x (4 x 9) (associative)

3. (7 + 8) x 9 = (distributive)

4. (4 x 5) x 8 = (associative)

5. = (3 x 6) + (3 x 2) (distributive)

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 Assessment

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. Using Commutative Property, complete the equation:

9 x 10 = ?
a. 10 + 9 c. 9 x (9 + 1)
b. 9 + 10 d. 10 x 9

2. What property of multiplication is illustrated in 9 x 7 = 7 x 9?

a. Identity Property
b. Commutative Property
c. Distributive Property
d. Associative Property

3. Using Distributive Property, which of the following completes the

multiplication sentence: 2 x (10 + 8) = ?
a. (2 x 10) + (10 x 8) c. (2 x 10) + (2 x 8)
b. (2 x 10) + (10 x 2) d. (2 + 10) x (2 + 8)

4. What property of multiplication is being illustrated:

3 x (9 x 2) = (3 x 9) x 2?
a. Identity Property c. Distributive Property
b. Commutative Property d. Associative Property

5. Which of the following illustrates Distributive Property?

a. 6 x (7 + 8) = (6 x 7) + (6 x 8)
b. 2 x 4 = 4 x 2
c. (5 x 4) x 7 = 5 x (4 x 7)
d. 3 x (4 + 7) = 3 + (4 x 7)

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 Additional Activities

Write the possible factors of the given product applying the

multiplication properties. Then, state the property used.

a. 20 = x = x _

Property Used:

b. 25 =( + )x
=( x )+( x )
= +
=
Property Used:

c. 50 = x x
=( x )x
= x
=
Property Used:

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