System and Network

Administration
Code: InSy3082
Cr.hr: 3

By Girmay T.
 Contents…

Chapter-1

Introduction to system and Network administration

➢ What is SNA

➢ Types of Administrators

➢ Duties of System Administrator

➢ Challenge of System Administrator

➢ Meta principles of System Admin

 Contents…

Chapter-2

System Administration via Open source (Ubuntu)

➢ Brief History of LINUX ➢ Inspecting File Content

➢ Architecture of the LINUX OS ➢ Finding Files and Text in Files

➢ The UNIX FILE SYSTEM ➢ File Compression and Backup

➢ Directory and File Handling Command ➢ File and Directory Permissions

➢ Shell Scripting
 Contents…

Chapter-3

System Administration via Proprietary (Ms-Server 2019)

➢ Introduction to Windows Server 2019 ➢ Managing Active Directory Domain

• What is Windows Server? Services
• Editions and roles • What is Active Directory?
• New features in Windows Server • Domain controllers
2019 • Users and groups
➢ Installing and configuring Windows • Organizational units
Server 2019 ➢ Managing Group Policy
• System requirements • What is Group Policy?
• Installation options • Group Policy objects
• Initial configuration • Applying Group Policy
 Contents…

Chapter-4

Network Administration

➢ Introduction to Networking ➢ Switching and Routing

• What is a network? • LAN switches
• Different types of networks • VLANs
• Network protocols • Routers
• Network topology • NAT
➢ IP Addressing ➢ Basic Switching and Routing Configuration
• IPv4 and IPv6 addressing • Introduction
• Subnetting • Switching
• DHCP • Routing
 Contents…

Chapter-5

Network Monitoring with SNMP, NetFlow, and Syslog

➢ SNMP

➢ Net Flow

➢ Syslog
Network And System Administration

Chapter-01: Introduction

By G24.
Last revision date: 2023
 What is system and network administration?

✓ System and network administration refer to the management,

maintenance, and operation of computer systems and networks within an

organization.

System Administration:

✓ Definition: System administration involves the management and

maintenance of individual computer systems, servers, and the software

that runs on them.

 What is system and network administration?

Network Administration:

✓ Definition: Network administration focuses on the implementation and

management of computer networks, including local area networks

(LANs) and wide area networks (WANs).

 Types of Administrators

System Administrator (SysAdmin):

Responsibilities:

➢ Installation, configuration, and maintenance of operating systems.

➢ User account management and access control.

➢ Software installation and updates.

➢ File system management and data backup.

➢ Performance monitoring and optimization.

➢ Troubleshooting and problem resolution.

 Types of Administrators

Network Administrator:

Responsibilities:

➢ Design, implementation, and management of computer networks.

➢ Configuration and maintenance of network devices (routers, switches).

➢ Monitoring network performance and addressing issues.

➢ Implementation and maintenance of network protocols and services.

 Types of Administrators

Database Administrator (DBA):

Responsibilities:

➢ Design and implementation of database systems.

➢ Database performance tuning and optimization.

➢ Backup and recovery of databases.

➢ User access control and security.

➢ Database software installation and updates.

 Types of Administrators

Security Administrator:

Responsibilities:

➢ Implementation and management of security measures.

➢ Monitoring for security breaches and responding to incidents.

➢ Creation and enforcement of security policies.

➢ Implementation and management of firewalls, antivirus software, and intrusion

detection systems.
 Types of Administrators

Cloud Administrator:

Responsibilities:

➢ Management of cloud infrastructure and services.

➢ Configuration and optimization of cloud resources.

➢ Implementation of cloud security measures.

➢ Monitoring and scaling cloud resources as needed.

 Types of Administrators

Application Administrator:

Responsibilities:

➢ Installation, configuration, and maintenance of software applications.

➢ User support for application-related issues.

➢ Integration of applications with other systems.

➢ Performance monitoring and optimization of applications.

 Types of Administrators

Database Developer/Administrator:

Responsibilities:

➢ Database design and development.

➢ Writing and optimizing database queries.

➢ Collaborating with developers to ensure database compatibility.

➢ Ensuring data integrity and security.

 Types of Administrators

Storage Administrator:

Responsibilities:

➢ Management of storage infrastructure and devices.

➢ Data backup and recovery planning.

➢ Performance monitoring and optimization of storage systems.

✓ These roles may vary in specific responsibilities depending on the organization and the
size of its IT infrastructure.

✓ In some cases, an administrator may wear multiple hats, handling responsibilities from
different domains.
 Duties of System and Network Administrator

System Administrator Duties:

✓ Installation and Configuration: Install, configure, and maintain operating systems on
servers and individual computers.
✓ User Account Management: Create, modify, and deactivate user accounts. Manage
permissions and access control to systems and applications.
✓ Software Installation and Updates: Install, upgrade, and patch software applications on
servers and user devices.
✓ File System Management: Manage file systems, directories, and file permissions.
Ensure data integrity and security.
 Duties of System and Network Administrator

System Administrator Duties:

✓ Backup and Recovery: Implement and maintain backup strategies to ensure data
recovery in case of system failures or data loss.
✓ Performance Monitoring: Monitor system performance, resource utilization, and
troubleshoot performance issues.
✓ Security Management: Implement and maintain security measures, including firewalls,
antivirus software, and intrusion detection systems.
✓ Troubleshooting: Diagnose and resolve hardware and software issues on servers and
user devices.
✓ Scripting and Automation: Develop and use scripts for automation of routine tasks and
system management.
 Duties of System and Network Administrator

System Administrator Duties:

✓ System Upgrades and Migrations: Plan and execute upgrades to operating systems and
software. Manage system migrations when necessary.
✓ Collaboration with Other IT Teams: Work collaboratively with network
administrators, database administrators, and other IT professionals to ensure seamless
integration and functionality.
✓ Documentation: Maintain accurate documentation of system configurations,
procedures, and troubleshooting steps.
 Duties of System and Network Administrator

Network Administrator Duties:

✓ Network Design and Implementation: Design and implement computer networks,
including LANs and WANs.
✓ Network Device Configuration: Configure and maintain network devices such as
routers, switches, and firewalls.
✓ Network Security: Implement security measures to protect the network from
unauthorized access, attacks, and data breaches.
✓ Monitoring and Optimization: Monitor network performance, analyze traffic patterns,
and optimize network resources.
✓ Network Protocols and Services: Implement and maintain network protocols and
services, including TCP/IP, DHCP, and DNS.
 Duties of System and Network Administrator

Network Administrator Duties:

✓ Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): Establish and manage VPNs to provide secure
remote access to the network.
✓ Collaboration with System Administrators: Collaborate with system administrators to
ensure network connectivity and functionality for all systems.
✓ IP Address Management: Manage IP address allocation, subnetting, and DHCP
configurations.
✓ Troubleshooting Network Issues: Diagnose and resolve network connectivity issues,
ensuring minimal downtime.
 Duties of System and Network Administrator

Network Administrator Duties:

✓ Wireless Networking: Configure and manage wireless networks, including access
points and security protocols.
✓ Documentation: Maintain documentation related to network configurations, diagrams,
and policies.
 The Challenges of System and Network Administration

System

✓ Keeping systems up-to-date and secure: System administrators need to ensure that all
systems are running the latest software and security patches to protect against
vulnerabilities.

✓ Managing performance and capacity: System administrators need to monitor system

performance and capacity to ensure that systems can meet the needs of users and
applications.

✓ Troubleshooting and resolving problems: System administrators need to be able to

troubleshoot and resolve system problems quickly and efficiently to minimize downtime.

✓ Maintaining compliance: System administrators need to ensure that systems comply

with all relevant regulations and standards. successfully.
 The Challenges of System and Network Administration

System

✓ Migrating to new systems and technologies: System administrators need to be able to

plan and execute migrations to new systems and technologies without disrupting users
and applications.

Network

✓ Keeping networks up and running: Network administrators need to ensure that

networks are up and running 24/7 to support critical business operations.

✓ Managing bandwidth and performance: Network administrators need to monitor and

manage network bandwidth and performance to ensure that users have a good network
experience.

✓ Securing networks from cyberattacks: Network administrators need to implement and

maintain security measures to protect networks from cyberattacks.
 The Challenges of System and Network Administration

Network

✓ Troubleshooting and resolving network problems: Network administrators need to be

able to troubleshoot and resolve network problems quickly and efficiently to minimize
downtime.

✓ Planning and expanding networks: Network administrators need to plan and expand
networks to meet the growing needs of organizations.

✓ These are just a few of the many challenges that system and network administrators face
on a daily basis.

✓ System and network administrators play a vital role in ensuring that organizations have
the IT infrastructure they need to operate successfully.
 The Meta Principle of System and Network Administration

Meta Principle 1: Policy is Foundation

✓ Policy is the foundation of system administration.

✓ It provides a framework for making decisions about how to manage and maintain
systems and networks.

✓ Policy should be based on the needs of the organization and should be aligned with the
organization's overall business goals.
 The Meta Principle of System and Network Administration

Meta Principle 2: Predictability

✓ Systems and networks should be predictable.

✓ This means that they should behave in a consistent and reliable manner.

✓ Predictability is essential for ensuring that users can rely on systems and networks to get
their work done..
 The Meta Principle of System and Network Administration

Meta Principle 3: Scalability

✓ Systems and networks should be scalable.

✓ This means that they should be able to handle increased load and demand without
sacrificing performance or reliability.

✓ Scalability is important for organizations that are growing or that need to be able to
handle spikes in traffic.
 The Meta Principle of System and Network Administration

How to Apply the Meta Principles of System Administration

Here are some tips on how to apply the meta principles of system administration:

✓ Develop and implement clear and concise policies. Policies should be well-defined and
easy to understand. They should also be communicated to all stakeholders.

✓ Use automation to improve predictability. Automation can help to ensure that systems
and networks behave in a consistent and reliable manner.

✓ Design systems and networks with scalability in mind. This includes using redundant
components and designing for load balancing.
 The Meta Principle of System and Network Administration

Here are some examples of how the meta principles of system administration can be
applied in real-world scenarios:

✓ Policy is foundation: A company might develop a policy that requires all employees to
use strong passwords and to change their passwords every 90 days. This policy is
designed to protect the company's systems and networks from unauthorized access.

✓ Predictability: A system administrator might use automation to deploy software patches

to all servers at the same time. This helps to ensure that all servers are patched and
secure in a consistent manner.
 The Meta Principle of System and Network Administration

Here are some examples of how the meta principles of system administration can be
applied in real-world scenarios:

✓ Scalability: A network administrator might design a network with redundant links and
routers. This helps to ensure that the network can continue to operate even if a link or
router fails.

✓ By following the meta principles of system administration, system and network

administrators can improve the performance, reliability, and security of their systems and
networks.
Thanx !!!