REMAINDER THEOREM AND FACTOR THEORAM

1. Divide the following polynomials.

1. 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 6 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 3
2. 3𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 14 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 2
3. 2𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 5
4. 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 3 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2
5. 6𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 7 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 1
6. 𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 2 − 1 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 2 + 1
7. 𝑎4 − 2𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 4 𝑏𝑦 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑥 2
8. 𝑥 5 + 1 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 3 − 1
9. 3𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 𝑏𝑦 2𝑥 − 3
10. 100𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 − 13𝑥 2 𝑏𝑦 3 + 25𝑥

2. Find the remainder when,

1. 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 + 2 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 2
2. 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 17 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 3
3. 5𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 2 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 + 1
4. 3𝑥 3 − 7𝑥 − 9 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 + 1
5. 𝑥 5 − 4𝑥 4 + 9𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 2 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2
6. 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 1
7. 𝑥 5 − 5𝑥 2 + 1 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 + 2
8. 𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 + 1 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 2 − 1
9. 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 1 𝑏𝑦 (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 3)
10. 𝑥 4 − 𝑎𝑥 3 − 2𝑎𝑥 2 − 3𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎 𝑏𝑦 (𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 − 2𝑎)

3. If the divisor is a factor, Find value of the unknown quantities for the followings.
1. 𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 1
2. 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 + 𝑎 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 + 2
3. 2𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 − 8𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 4 𝑏𝑦 2𝑥 + 1
4. 𝑥 5 − 𝑥 4 − 11𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 10 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 + 2
5. 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 + 𝑎 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 − 1
6. 2𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑏𝑦 (2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)
7. 𝑥 5 + 𝑎𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 1 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 2 − 1
8. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑓(1) = 0, 𝑓(−2) = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(3) = 0
9. 𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 3 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 + 1
10. 4𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 − 7 𝑏𝑦 (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 1)

4. Show that 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 − 4 is divisible by 2𝑥 + 1. And also find the every

factors of 𝑓(𝑥), hence find the roots of 𝑓(𝑥) = 0

5. Given that 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝐶 ≡ 𝐴(𝑥 + 1)2 + 𝐵(𝑥 + 1) + 4 for all values of x, find the values
of A, B and C.

SAMITH NISHSHANKA(BSC) 1
6. Factorize 𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 − 8
7. Given that 7𝑥 − 5 and 𝑥 + 2 are factors of 14𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 10, find the vales
of 𝑎 and 𝑏.
8. When 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 + 𝑘 and 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 5 are divided by 𝑥 − 1 and 𝑥 + 2 respectively, the
remainders are 𝑅1 and 𝑅2 respectively. If 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 = 0, find the value of k.
9. The expression 𝑎𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 − 5 has a factor of 𝑥 + 1 and leaves a remainder of 4
when the expression is divided by 𝑥 − 3. Find the remainder when it is divided by 𝑥 − 2.
10. 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 2 Is a factor of the polynomial 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 and -8 is the
remainder when the polynomial divided by 𝑥 + 1. Find the values of a, b and c.
11. Find the remainder when the polynomial 𝑥 𝑛 + 2 is divided by 𝑥 2 − 1. n is an odd number.
12. If (𝑥 − 𝑎)2 is a factor of 𝑥 3 + 3𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞, show that the other factor of the polynomial is
𝑥 + 2𝑎 and show that 𝑞 2 + 4𝑝3 = 0.
13. The expressions 𝑥 3 − 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 and 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 17 have the same remainder when
divided by 𝑥 − 2. Find the possible values of 𝑎 and the remainder.
14. If the common factor of the polynomials 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑔(𝑥) is 𝑥 − 𝑝, show that 𝑥 − 𝑝 is also a
factor of 𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥).
15. If the polynomial 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 7 is in the form of 𝐴𝑥(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2) + 𝐵𝑥(𝑥 + 1) +
𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷, find the values of A, B, C and D.
16. When a quadratic polynomial is divided by (𝑥 − 1), (𝑥 − 2) and(𝑥 − 3), the remainders are
𝑘, 2𝑘 and 4𝑘 respectively. Find the remainder when the polynomial divided by (𝑥 − 4)
in terms of k.
17. When the polynomial 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥3 − 11𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 𝑏 is divided by (𝑥 − 1) , the remainder is
-12. And also 𝑓(2) = 0. Find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏. express the 𝑓(𝑥) as a product of three
factors.
18. When polynomial 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 is divided by (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3), the
remainder is −5𝑥 + 2. Show that 6𝑎 = −64 − 𝑐 = 6𝑏. When 𝑓(𝑥) is divided
by (𝑥 − 1), find the remainder in terms of a.
19. Find the values of a, b such that 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 3 = (𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 2 + 𝑏).
Hence solve the equation 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 3 = 0.
20. If the remainders are equal, when 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑝𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 𝑞 is divided by
𝑥 − 1and 2𝑥 + 1. Find the value of p.
21. 𝑥 2 + 𝑘 2 Is a factor of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 1, show that 𝑏𝑐 = 1.find the remainder
when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by 𝑥 2 − 𝑘 2 .
22. 𝑥 − 9 is a factor of (𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞)2 − 𝑥 show that 9𝑝 + 𝑞 = 3 or 9𝑝 + 𝑞 = −3. If 𝑥 − 1 is a
factor of 𝑓(𝑥), find the every values p and q.
𝑎 𝑐
23. If 𝑥 2 + 𝑘 2 is a factor of 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑, Show that 𝑏 = 𝑑.
24. Express 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 − 35𝑥 2 − 36𝑥 + 320 in the form of {𝑔(𝑥)2 } + 𝜆𝑔(𝑥) +
320.𝑔(𝑥) is a quadratic is function and 𝜆 is a constant.

SAMITH NISHSHANKA(BSC) 2
25. If 𝑥 + 𝑘 is factor of both 𝑥 3 + 𝑝𝑥 2 + 𝑞 and 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, show that 𝑥 + 𝑘 is a factor
of 𝑎𝑝𝑥 2 − 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎𝑞 − 𝑐.
26. Find the value of p and q to express 𝑥 4 + 6𝑥 3 + 13𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 as a perfect square.
27. If 𝑥 − 𝑘 is a factor of 4𝑥 3 − (3𝑘 + 2)𝑥 2 − (𝑘 2 − 1)𝑥 + 3, find the values of k and find
the factors of the polynomial for each value of k.
28. 𝑓(𝑥) is a polynomial and 𝑓(1) = 𝑎, 𝑓(−1) = 𝑏, 𝑓(0) = 0. When 𝑓(𝑥) is divided
1 1
by 𝑥 2 − 1, show that the remainder is (𝑎 − 𝑏)𝑥 + (𝑎 + 𝑏). And also find the
2 2
3
remainder when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by 𝑥 − 𝑥
29. Find the polynomial of third degree, such that 𝑥 2 + 1 is a factor and the remainder is 10𝑥 + 6
when dividing by (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1).
30. Find the value of constant k for which the remainder when the polynomial 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑘𝑥 2 is
divided by (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3) contains no term in 𝑥 2 . When 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by the
same divisor, the remainder is in the form of 𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞. Find the values of 𝑘, 𝑝, 𝑞.
31. When 𝑎𝑥 3 − 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 is divided by 𝑥 2 − 1, and 𝑥 2 − 4 , the remainders are 5𝑥 − 1
and 11(𝑥 − 1) respectively. Find the value of 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑.
32. Let be the 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐. And 𝑓(1) = 0, 𝑓(0) = 10 and maximum value of 𝑓(𝑥)
is 18. Find values of a, b and c
33. Let the remainder when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3), be expressed in the
form 𝑎(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3) + 𝑏(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 1) + 𝑐(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2). Find the values of a, b
and c in terms of 𝑓(1), 𝑓(2) and 𝑓(3). Hence find the value of k for which the
remainder when 𝑥 5 + 𝑘𝑥 2 is divided by (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3) contains no 𝑥 2 .
34. If 3𝑥2 + 5𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦2 − 5𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 𝑘 = (𝑙𝑥 + 𝑚𝑦 + 𝑛)(𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦 + 𝑟), Find the value
of 𝑘, 𝑙, 𝑚, 𝑛, 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟.
35. When the polynomial 2𝑥 3 − 3𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 is divided by 𝑥 + 2 , the remainder is −54 .
𝑥 − 1 is a factor of the polynomial. Find the values of 𝑎 and b and factorize the
polynomial. Hence find the factors of
1. 2𝑥 6 − 9𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 2 + 4
2. 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 2
36. Let a polynomial be 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥5 + 3𝑥4 − 2𝑥3 + 2𝑥2 − 3𝑥 + 1.
1. Show that, (𝑥 − 1) or (𝑥 + 1) is not a factor of 𝑓(𝑥)
2. Remainder when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by 𝑥 2 − 1
3. Show that the remainder is 2 , when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by 𝑥 2 + 1. Hence find a one real
root of 𝑓(𝑥) = 2.
37. The remainder when 2𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 − 13𝑥 + 12 is divided by 𝑥 + 𝑎 is three times the remainder
when it is divided by 𝑥 − 𝑎. Show that 2𝑎3 + 𝑎2 − 13𝑎 + 6 = 0 and solve the equation
completely.
38. The remainder when 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 is divided by 𝑥 − 2 is five times when the
remainder when it is divided by 𝑥 − 1 and less by 12 than the remainder when it is
divided by 𝑥 − 3. Find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏.

SAMITH NISHSHANKA(BSC) 3