PHYSICS

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS.

WORKSHEET 1

1. When the pressure on a sphere is increased by 80 atmospheres, then its volumes

decreases by 0.01%. Find the bulk modulus of elasticity of the material of sphere.

2. A spherical ball contracts in volume by 0.01% when subjected to a normal uniform pressure of
two atmospheres. What is the bulk modulus of its material in C.G.S. units ?

3. A spring balance reads 10 kg when a bucket of water is suspended from it. What is the
reading on the spring balance when :
(i) an ice cube of mass 1.5 kg is put into the bucket ?
(ii) an iron piece of mass 7.8 kg suspended by another string is immersed with half its volume
inside the water in the
BUCKET.
4. (i) Write the Hooke’s law.
(iii) A steel wire of length 4 m and diameter 5 mm is stretched by 5 kg-wt. Find the increase
in its length, if the young’s modulus of steel wire is 2.4 × 1012 dyne cm–2.

5. A steel wire of length 4.7 m and cross section 3.0 × 10−5 m2 stretches by the same amount as
a copper wire of length 3.5 m and cross section 4.0 × 10−5 m2 under a given load. What is the
ratio of the Young’s modulus of steel to that of copper ?
6. Two wires, one of steel and the other of aluminium, each 2 m long and of diameter 2.0 mm,
are joined end to end to form a composite wire of length 4.0 m. What tension in the wire will
produce a total extension of 0.90 mm ? 4
11 −2 11 −2
Y for steel = 2 × 10 Nm ; Y for aluminium = 7 × 10 Nm .

7. Calculate the percentage increase in length of a wire of diameter 2.5 mm stretched by a

force of 100 kg weight. Young’s modulus of elasticity of wire is 12.5 × 1011 dyne/sq. cm.
8. A 5 cm cube has its upper face displaced by 0.2 cm by a tangential force of 8 N. Calculate
the shearing strain, shearing stress and modulus of rigidity of the material of cube.
9. A 45 kg boy whose leg bones are 5 cm2 in area and 50 cm long falls through a height of 2 m
without breaking his leg bones. If the bones can withstand a stress of 0.9 × 108 N/m2,
calculate the Young’s modulus for the material of the bone. Use, g = 10 ms−2.

10. A steel wire of length 4.7 m and crosssectional area 3.0 × 10–5 m2 stretches by the same
amount as a copper wire of length 3.5 m and cross-sectional area of 4.0 × 10–5 m2 under a
given load. What is the ratio of the Young’s modulus of steel to that of copper ?
11. Compute the bulk modulus of water from the following data : Initial volume = 100.0 L,
Pressure increase = 100.0 atm (1 atm = 1.013 × 107 Pa), Final volume = 100.5 L. Compare
the bulk modulus of water with that of air (at constant temperature). Explain in simple terms
why the ratio is so large.
12. A metal bar of length L and area of crosssection A, is rigidly clamped between two walls.
The Young’s modulus of its material is Y and the coefficient of linear expansion is α. The
bar is heated so that its temperature is increased from 0 to θ °C. Find the force exerted at
the ends of the bar.
13. The stress-strain graphs for materials A and B are shown in figure.

The graphs are drawn to the same scale.

a. Which of the materials has the greater Young’s modulus ?
b. Which of the two is the stronger material ?

14. A wire of length l and area of crosssection A is stretched by the application of a force. If the
Young’s modulus is Y, what is the WORK DONE per unit volume.

15. Prove that the work done in stretching a wire per unit volume is 1/2 × tension × extension.
 WORKSHEET 2
MCQ ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS

1.A wire elongates by l mm, when a load W is hung from it. If the wire goes over a pulley and two
weights W each are hung at the two ends, the elongation of the wire will be (in mm)

A) Zero B) l/2 C) l D)

2l

2.Two wires are made of the same material and have the same volume. However, wire 1 has
cross sectional area A and wire 2 has cross sectional area 3A. If the length of wire 1 increases
by ‘dx’ on applying force F, How much force is needed to stretch wire 2 by the same amount.

A) F B) 4F C) 6 F D)

9F

3.A wire fixed at the upper end stretches by length ‘l’ by applying force F. The work done in
stretching is

A) F/2l B) Fl c) 2Fl D)

Fl/2

4.A wire suspended vertically from one of its end is stretched by attatching a weight of 200 N
to the lower end. The weight stretches the wire by 1 mm. The elastic energy stored in the
wire is

A) 0.2 J B) 10 J C) 20 J D) 0.1 J

5. The breaking stress of a wire depends upon:

A) length of the wire B) radius of the wire C)material of the wire D) area of cross

section

6. Acoording Hook’s law of elasticity, if stress is increased, the ratio of stress to strain:

A) increases B) decreases C) becomes zero D) remains

constant

7. Which of the following affects the elasticity of a substance

A) hammering and annealing B) change in temperature C) impurity in substance D)All

of these
8.A rubber has:

A)increased kinetic energy B) increased potential energy C) decreased kinetic energy

D) decreased potential

energy

9. The following four wires are made of same material. Which of these will have the
largest extension, when the same tension is applied:

A) length = 50 cm, diameter = 0.5 mm B) length = 100 cm, diameter = 1 mm

C) length = 200 cm, diameter = 2 mm D) length = 300 cm,

diameter = 3 mm

10. Which of the following is more elastic:

A) glass B steel C) sponge D)

rubber

SHORT ANSWER TYPE

1. Interatomic and intermolecular forces are similar in certain aspects. Justify.
2. Name one system where the compressional and tensional modulus of elasticity are
different. Give reason.
3. Why does a cycle tube burst in summer ?
4. Why is steel more elastic than rubber ?
5. What do you mean by the elastic limit ?
6. How does the elasticity of material change on
(a) increasing the temperature.
(b) on heating and cooling gradually.
(c) on hammering.
7. Plot Load vs Extension curve for a metal on the graph and depict :
(i) Yield point, (ii) Breaking point, (iii) Elastic limit, (iv) Crushing point.
8. The length of a metal is l1 when the tension in it is T1 and is l2 when the tension is T2.
Find the original length of the wire.
9. When a weight ‘W’ is hung from one end of the wire, other end being fixed, the
elongation produced on it be ‘l’. If this wire goes over a pulley and two weights ‘W’ each are
hung at the two ends, what will be the total elongation in the wire ?
10. A spherical ball contracts in volume by 0.01% when subjected to a normal uniform
pressure of two atmospheres. What is the bulk modulus of its material in C.G.S. units ?
11. Railway trackes are laid on large sized wooden, iron or cement sleepers. Why ?