Chapter 19

Electromagnetic Induction

Solutions

SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
[Faraday’s Law of Induction]
1. As a result of change in the magnetic flux linked to the closed loop as shown in figure an emf V volt is induced
in the loop. The work done (in joule) in taking a charge Q coulomb once taken along the loop is

V
(1) QV (2) 2QV (3) Q (4) Zero
2
Sol. Answer (1)
Work done in induced electric field
W = Q × V = Q × V
2. Near a circular loop of conducting wires as shown, an electron moves along a straight line. The direction of
induced current, if any, in the loop is

e
(1) Variable (2) Clockwise (3) Anticlockwise (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (1)
The polarity of induced voltage will change.
3. Two identical circular loops of metal wire are lying on a table. Loop A carries a current which increases with
time. In response, the loop B
(1) Is attracted by loop A (2) Is repelled by loop A
(3) Remains stationary (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (2)

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68 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment

4. Two loops carrying current in opposite sense placed parallel to each other are moved closer to each other.
Then the current

I I

(1) In both of them increases (2) In both of them decreases

(3) Increases in one and decreases in other (4) In both of them remains same
Sol. Answer (1)
As the loops are brought closer to each other the flux linking through one due to other increases. Therefore
an emf will induce which will tends to decrease the increasing flux. Hence the current will increase in both
the loop.

5. Figure shows a conducting loop placed in a magnetic field. The flux through the loop changes due to change
in magnetic field according to the equation  = 5t – 10t2. What is the direction and magnitude of induced
current at t = 0.25 s?
× × × ×

× × × ×

× × 10  × ×
A B
(1) 0.45 A, A to B (2) 0.5 A, B to A (3) 1.5 A, A to B (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (4)
The flux through the loop is given as  = 5t – 10t2
d
 Induced emf |e| = = |5 – 20t|
dt
 1
At, t = s, e = 5 – 20 × = 0
4 4
[Induced emf]

6. A magnet is made to oscillate with a particular frequency through a coil as shown in figure. The time variation
of magnitude of emf generated across the coil during one cycle is
S
N

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 69
e e e
e

(1) (2) t (3) t (4) t

t

Sol. Answer (3)

The polarity of induced voltage changes periodically.

7. A metallic ring is dropped down, keeping its plane perpendicular to a constant and horizontal magnetic field.
The ring enters the field region at t = 0 and completely emerges out at t = T second. The current in the ring
varies as

i i i i

(1) (2) (3) (4)

t t t t

Sol. Answer (2)

The polarity of induced voltage changes.

8. The magnitude of earth’s magnetic field at a place is B0 and the angle of dip is . A horizontal conductor of
length l lying magnetic north-south moves eastward with a velocity v. The emf induced across the conductor
is
(1) Zero (2) B0lv sin (3) B0lv cos (4) B0lv tan
Sol. Answer (2)
e = B0lv = B0lv sin

9. A simple pendulum with bob of mass m and conducting wire of length L swings under gravity through an angle
2. The earth’s magnetic field component in the direction perpendicular to swing is B. The maximum potential
difference induced across the pendulum is


L

⎛⎞ ⎛⎞ ⎛⎞ ⎛⎞

(1) 2BL sin ⎜ ⎟ . gL (2) BL sin ⎜ ⎟ (gl ) (3) BL sin ⎜ ⎟ .(gL )3/2 (4) BL sin ⎜ ⎟ .(gL)2
⎝2⎠ ⎝2⎠ ⎝2⎠ ⎝2⎠
Sol. Answer (2)

In mean position, v  2gh  2gL(1  cos )

 
v  2gL  2sin2  2 gL .sin
2 2

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70 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment

v g 
  2 .sin
L L 2

1 1 g  
In mean position emax  BL2  B  2 .sin  L2  BL gL .sin
2 2 L 2 2

10. Two parallel rails of a railway tracks insulated from each other and with the ground are connected to a milli
voltmeter. The distance between the rails is one meter. A train is travelling with a velocity of 72 km/h along
the track. The reading of the milli voltmeter (in mV) is (vertical component of earth’s magnetic field
2 × 10–5 T)
(1) 1.44 (2) 0.72 (3) 0.4 (4) 0.2
Sol. Answer (3)
e = Bvl = 2 × 10–2 × 20 × 1 = 0.4 mV

11. A helicopter rises vertically with a speed of 100 ms–1. If the helicopter has length 10 m and horizontal
component of earth’s magnetic field is 5 × 10–3 Wb/m2, then the induced emf between the tip of nose and
tail of helicopter is
(1) 50 V (2) 0.5 V (3) 5V (4) 25 V
Sol. Answer (3)
Use e = Bvl,
Here B = 5 × 10–3 Wb/m2.

12. A ring made of insulating material is rolling without slipping on a horizontal surface with velocity of centre of
mass V0. A conducting wire of length 2R (R = radius of ring) is fixed between two points of the circumference.
At an instant, the wire is in vertical position as shown in figure. A uniform magnetic field B exists perpendicular
to the plane of the ring. The magnitude of emf induced between the ends of wire is

A
X X X X X XB
X X X X X X
X X X
V
X X0 X
X X X X X X
Horizontal
B surface
(1) 2 BV0R (2) BV0R (3) 3 BV0R (4) 4 BV0R
Sol. Answer (1)
For rolling without sliding, point B is in rest at the instant shown

B  2R 
2

 e= = 2BR2
2
Also R = v0

v0
 =
R
 e = 2v0 BR
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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 71
13. The figure shows an L-shaped rod rotating about its end O in a plane perpendicular to a magnetic field B. The part
OA of rod is non conducting while AB is conducting the emf induced between A and B is
x x x x x x
A
x Lx
Ox x x x
L
x x x x x x

x x x xB x xB

1 1
(1) Zero (2) B  L2 (3) B  L2 (4) BωL2
2 2 2
Sol. Answer (2)
1 1
e  B ⎡( 2L )2  L2 ⎤  e  BL2
2 ⎣ ⎦ 2
14. In a region of space, magnetic field exists in a cylindrical region of radius a centred at origin with magnetic
field along negative z-direction. The field is given by B  B0 t kˆ . The force experienced by a stationary charge
q placed at (r, 0, 0), where r > a, is

qB0 a 2 qB0 r
(1) qB0 (2) (3) (4) Zero
2r 2
Sol. Answer (2)

15. A conducting rod of length L slides at a constant velocity V on two parallel conducting rails as shown in figure.
The mechanical power required to pull the rod at constant velocity is
X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X
L
V
X X X X X X X X

RX B
X X X X X X X

B 2L2V 2 BLV BL2V B 2L2

(1) (2) (3) (4)
R R R RV 2
Sol. Answer (1)

16. A semicircle conducting ring of radius R is placed in XY plane as shown in figure. A uniform magnetic field exist
along x-axis. No emf will be induced if
y

B
R
x

z
(1) It moves along x-axis (2) It moves along y-axis
(3) It moves along z-axis (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

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72 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
17. A uniform circular ring of radius R, mass m has uniformly distributed charge q. The ring is constrained to rotate
about its own axis (which is vertical) without friction. In the space a uniform magnetic field B, directed vertically
down ward exists in a cylindrical region. The cylindrical region is co-axial with B and has a radius greater than R.
dB
If B increases at a constant rate,  , angular acceleration of the ring will
dt
(1) Directly proportional to R (2) Directly proportional to q
(3) Directly proportional to m (4) Independent of R and m
Sol. Answer (2)

18. A circular conducting ring is rotated about one its diameter in a magnetic field
(1) If magnetic field is uniform, no emf will be induced
(2) If magnetic field is uniform and its induction increases with time, only then emf is induced
(3) If magnetic field is uniform and induction of magnetic field is increasing at a constant rate, emf induced in ring
may zero for an elemental time interval
(4) None of these
Sol. Answer (4)
emf will be induced at flux will change through the ring during rotation.

19. Figure shows two circular rings of radii a & b (a > b) joined together by wire of negligible resistance. If the
dB
arrangement is placed in a time varying magnetic field,  k and if the resistance per unit length of wire is λ,
dt
then induced current is

x x x x x x
x x x x x x
a
x x x x bx x
x x x x x x

k (a  b ) k (a  b ) k (a 2  b 2 ) k (a 2  b 2 )
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2(a  b ) 2(a  b )
Sol. Answer (4)

20. An electric motor runs on a DC source of emf 200 V and draws a current of 10 A. If the efficiency is 40%,
then the resistance of the armature is
(1) 5  (2) 12  (3) 120  (4) 160 
Sol. Answer (2)

e 40 e
  100 ⇒  ⇒ e  80 V
E 100 E

E e
I= ⇒ R  12 
R

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 73
[Inductance]
21. Figure shows part of a circuit. If I = 5A and is decreasing at a constant rate of 10 3 A/s then
VB – VA is

(1) 15 V (2) 20 V (3) 10 V (4) 5V

Sol. Answer (1)

22. Two different coils have self inductances L1 = 8 mH and L2 = 2 mH. The current in both the coil is increased at
same constant rate. At a certain instant power given to two coils is same. At that time the energy stored in both
V1
the coils are V1 & V2 respectively, then is
V2
1 1
(1) (2) (3) 2 (4) 4
4 2
Sol. Answer (1)

23. A short solenoid of length 4 cm, radius 2 cm and 100 turns is placed inside and on the axis of a long solenoid
of length 80 cm and 1500 turns. A current of 3 A flows through the short solenoid. The mutual inductance of
two solenoid is

(1) 0.12 H (2) 5.3 × 10–5 H (3) 3.52 × 10–3 H (4) 8.3 × 10–5 H
Sol. Answer (1)
–7 ⎛ 100 ⎞ ⎛ 1500 ⎞
M = 0n1n2 A × l =  4  10  ⎜ –2 ⎟ ⎜ –2 ⎟ × 
  4  10 –4   4  10 –2  = 0.120 H
⎝ 4  10 ⎠ ⎝ 80  10 ⎠

24. In the arrangement shown, what is the expression for emf induced in the smaller loop of radius r ? The current I
varies as I = 3t + 5 (R >> r)

I
r
R
3 0 R 2 3 0 r 2 9 0 r 2
(1) (2) (3) (4) Zero
8R 4R 8R
Sol. Answer (2)
The magnetic field at the centre of the circular loop due to current i is

0 i  0 i
B = 4 R = 4 R

 Flux through the loop is  = r2B

d r 2 0 di 0 r 2 3 0 r 2
 Induced emf = = =   3   e =
dt 4R dt 4R 4 R
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74 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment

[LR Circuit]
25. A uniformly wound solenoid coil of self inductance 1.8 × 10–4 H and resistance 6  is broken up into two
identical coils. These coils (identical) are then connected in parallel across a 12 volt battery of negligible
resistance. The time constant for the current in the circuit is
(1) 0.1 × 10–4 s (2) 0.2 × 10–4 s
(3) 0.3 × 10–4 s (4) 0.4 × 10–4 s
Sol. Answer (3)
L 1.8  10 –4
   0.3  10 –4 s
R 6

26. An inductor of inductance L is decayed through a resistance R. A radioactive sample decays with an average life
T. The value of R for which the electric energy stored in the inductor to the activity of radioactive sample remains
constant

L 2L
(1) (2)
T T
2
L ⎛L⎞
(3) (4) ⎜T ⎟
2T ⎝ ⎠
Sol. Answer (3)

27. The figure shows certain wire segments joined together to form a coplanar loop. The loop is placed in a
perpendicular magnetic field in the direction going into the plane of the figure. The magnitude of the field
increases with time. I1 and I2 are the currents in the segments ab and cd. Then [IIT-JEE 2009]

× c× × × × × d×

× ×a× × ×b× ×

× × × × × × ×

× × × × × × ×

× × × × × × ×

(1) I1 > I2
(2) I1 < I2
(3) I1 is in the direction ba and I2 is in the direction cd
(4) I1 is the direction ab and I2 is in the direction dc
Sol. Answer (4)
According to Lenz law I1 is from a to b and I2 from c to d.

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 75
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (More than one option are correct)
1. A conducting ring of radius R is being moved in a region of uniform magnetic field as shown. Let EAB represent
the potential difference between A and B then
(1) EAB = 2BvR A
(2) EPQ = 2BvR sin P
 D
(3) ECD = 0 C v
R
(4) EPQ = 0 Q
B
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
When the ring moves then it will behaves as shown in figure, both the cell are in parallel

 eeq = VB (2R) A

 eAB = 2B(VR)

eCD = 0 [leff = 0] e = VB(2R) e = VB(2R)

For PQ, leff = (2R sin)

 ePQ = VB (2R sin) B

2. A thick conducting wire has a variable current flowing through it. Select the correct alternative
(1) Inside the wire, both electric and magnetic fields are present
(2) Outside the wire, both electric and magnetic fields are present
(3) There is only a magnetic field inside and outside the wire
(4) Inside there is an electric field, while outside, there is only a magnetic field
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
When current in a wire changes then magnetic field inside and outside of the wire also changes. This changing
magnetic field will produce electric field at every point where magnetic field changes.

3. Figure shows a rod AB of length 2l being rotated with a constant angular velocity , about its centre O in a uniform
magnetic field. If VPQ is the emf between any two points P and Q on the rod, then

A B
 O C
L/2
L

1 3
(1) VAO  BL2 (2) VAO  BL2 (3) VAB  BL2 (4) VBC  BL2
2 8
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76 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
Sol. Answer (1, 4)

Bl 2
When a rod rotates about one of its end then emf induced in the rod is e =
2

B ⎡⎣L2 ⎤⎦
 VAO =
2

B L2
 VA – VO = …(1)
2

B L2
Similarly VB – V0 = …(2)
2
From (1) and (2)
VA – VB = 0

 VAB  0

2
B ⎛ L ⎞
2 ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
VC – VO =

 B L2
VC – VO = …(3)
8
From (2) and (3)

3
VB – VC = – BL2
8

3BL2
 VBC =
8

4. Figure shows a conducting Rectangular loop of electrical resistance R. There exists a uniform magnetic field
given by B  B0 (10t 2  5t )kˆ in the region. The current in the loop at

y
2m
A D
1m

B C
x

10B0
(1) t = 0 is zero (2) t = 0 is A to B
R

1 30B0
(3) t  s is zero (4) t = 1s is B to A
4 R
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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 77
Sol. Answer (2, 3, 4)
The flux through the loop is

 
 = ⎡⎣B0 10t – 5t ⎤⎦  2 = 2B0 ⎡⎣10t – 5t ⎤⎦
2 2

The emf induced in the loop is

d
e=
dt
= |2B0 [20t – 5] |
At t = 0, e = 10 B0
10B0
and i = from B to A
R
1 2B0
At t = s, i = 5 – 5 = 0
4 R
2B0 30B0
At t = 1s, i = 20 – 5 = from B to A
R R

5. An electron moves along the line XOX which lies in the same plane as the square loop of conducting wire
as shown. The direction of induced current, if any in the loop is

X X
O
(1) Clockwise as electron moves from X to O (2) Anticlockwise as electron moves from X to O
(3) Clockwise as electron moves from O to X (4) Anticlockwise as electron moves from O to X
Sol. Answer (2, 3)

6. A wire of mass m and length l can freely slide on a pair of smooth, horizontal rails placed in a vertical magnetic
field B. The rails are connected by a capacitor of capacitance C. The electric resistance of the rails and wire
is zero. If a constant force F acts on the wire and the resulting acceleration is a, then
× × × × ×

C
× l F × ×

× × × × ×
2l
(1) Current in the circuit is CBla (2) Charge on the capacitor is CBla 
a

F F
(3) Acceleration a  (4) Acceleration a 
m  CB 2 l 2 m

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78 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (1, 3)

At any instant of time t the velocity of the wire is v = at.
The emf induced in the wire at time t is e = vBl = at Bl.

q
From the figure, atBl =
C
 q = aBCl t

dq
 i=
dt
 i = aBCl
Net force on the wire at time t is
F – ilB = ma
 F – aB2Cl2 = ma

F
 a=
(B Cl 2  m )
2

7. Consider the circuit shown. The switch is closed at t = 0. Currents in various branches are marked. Which
of the following is correct?
I1
I2 I3

R 2R

R L
C

S
    
(1) At t  0, I1  ,I2  ,I3  (2) At t  0, I1  ,I3 
3R 6R 6R 3R 3R

    
(3) At t  , I1  ,I 2  ,I3  (4) At t  , I1  ,I 2 
2R 4R 4R 2R 2R
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
At t = 0, current in inductor is zero

 i2  0


and i1 = i3 =
3R
At t = , current in capacitor branch = 0
 i3 = 0
and resistance of inductor = 0 at t = 

 i1 = i2 =
2R
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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 79
8. An inductor L and a resistance R are connected in series with a battery of emf E and a switch. Initially the
switch is open. The switch is closed at an instant t = 0. Select the correct alternatives
(1) At t = 0, induced emf in inductor is zero

2
L ⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ LE 2 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
(2) At t  , energy stored in the inductor is ⎜1  e ⎟ ⎜ 2R 2 ⎟
R ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠

L E
(3) At t  , induced emf in the inductor is
R e

L ⎛ 1⎞
(4) At t  , voltage drop across the resistor is E ⎜1  e ⎟
R ⎝ ⎠
Sol. Answer (2, 3, 4)
If the switch is closed at t = 0 then at time t the current in the circuit is

tR
E⎡ – ⎤
i= ⎢1– e L ⎥ …(1)
R⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
induced emf in inductor at time t is
L R
di
e0 = L S
dt
+ –
tR
–
L
E
e0 = E . e …(2)

At t = 0, e0 = E
Hence option (1) is wrong

1 2
The energy stored in the inductor is U = Li
2

L E⎛ 1⎞
At t = ,i= ⎜ 1– ⎟
R R⎝ e⎠

2
⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ LE 2 ⎞
 U  ⎜ 1– ⎟ ⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ e ⎠ ⎜⎝ 2R 2 ⎠

L E
At t = , e0 =
R e

L
At t = , VR = iR
R

⎛ 1⎞
= E ⎜ 1– ⎟
⎝ e⎠

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80 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
9. In the circuit shown, the switch has been in position 1 for a long time. Now the switch is shifted to position 2.

If this instant is taken as t = 0, then at time t 
2

20 V 5

1
L = 1H
i
2

C = 1F

(1) Current through the inductor is zero (2) Current through the inductor is 4 A
(3) Charge on the capacitor is 4 C (4) Potential difference across the capacitor is 4 V
Sol. Answer (1, 3, 4)

20
Current in the inductor at t = 0 is i = =4A
5

di q
Let the current in the circuit at time t is i then – L 
dt C

d 2q 1
 2
– q …(1) L=1H
dt LC

equation (1) has solution in the form of i i

q = A sin t. …(2) – +
– +
 i = A cos t …(3) – +
1F
As at t = 0, i = i0

i0 4
 A= = = 4 coulomb.
 1


 At t = , q = 4 C and i = 0
2
Potential difference across the capacitor is

q 4
VC = = = 4 volt
C 1

10. Two metallic rings A and B, identical in shape and size but having different resistivities A and B, are kept on
top of two identical solenoids as shown in the figure. When current I is switched on in both the solenoids in
identical manner, the rings A and B jump to heights hA and hB, respectively, with hA > hB. The possible relation(s)
between their resistivities and their masses mA and mB is(are) [IIT-JEE 2009]

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 81
A B

(1) A > B and mA = mB (2) A < B and mA = mB

(3) A > B and mA > mB (4) A < B and mA < mB
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
(1) A > B
 iA < iB
and mA = mB
 hA < hB
(2) A < B
 iA > iB
and mA = mB
 hA > hB
(3) A > B
 iA < iB
and mA > mB
 hA < hB
(4) rA < rB and mA < mB
 hB > hA

11. A circular insulated copper wire loop is twisted to form two loops of area A and 2A as shown in the figure.
At the point of crossing the wires remain electrically insulated from each other. The entire loop lies in the plane

(of the paper). A uniform magnetic field B points into the plane of the paper. At t = 0, the loop starts rotating
about the common diameter as axis with a constant angular velocity  in the magnetic field. Which of the
following options is/are correct? [JEE(Advanced)-2017]
× × × × × × × ×
B
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × area
× × A× × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × ×area
× ×2A× × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×


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82 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
(1) The emf induced in the loop is proportional to the sum of the areas of the two loops
(2) The rate of change of the flux is maximum when the plane of the loops is perpendicular to plane of the
paper
(3) The net emf induced due to both the loops is proportional to cos t
(4) The amplitude of the maximum net emf induced due to both the loops is equal to the amplitude of maximum
emf induced in the smaller loop alone
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
 = BA cost
|e| = B sint
For loop 1
1 = BA cost : |e1| = AB sint
2 = 2BA sint |e2| = 2BA sint
e1 and e2 oppose each other, so amplitude of net emf induced = 2BA – BA = BA
e1 and e2 will be peak at t = /2 or  = 90°.

12. A source of constant voltage V is connected to a resistance R and two ideal inductors L1 and L2 through a
switch S as shown. There is no mutual inductance between the two inductors. The switch S is initially open.
At t = 0, the switch is closed and current begins to flow. Which of the following options is/are correct?
[JEE(Advanced)-2017]
S
R
+ V L1 L2
–

V L2
(1) After a long time, the current through L1 will be
R L1  L2

V L1
(2) After a long time, the current through L2 will be
R L1  L2

(3) The ratio of the currents through L1 and L2 is fixed at all times (t > 0)

V
(4) At t = 0, the current through the resistance R is
R
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)

V
Final current through battery =
R

V ⎛ L2 ⎞
 Current through L1 = ⎜ ⎟
R ⎝ L1  L2 ⎠

V ⎛ L1 ⎞
Current through L2 = ⎜ ⎟
R ⎝ L1  L2 ⎠

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 83
At t = 0 current through source = zero

– tR
⎛ L1L2 ⎞
V ⎛ V⎞ ⎜⎝ L1  L2 ⎟⎠
At any time i =  ⎜0 – ⎟e
R ⎝ R⎠

L2
 Current through L1 = i L  L  i1
1 2

iL1
Current through L2 = L  L  i 2
1 2

i1 L2

i 2 L1

13. In the figure below, the switches S1 and S2 are closed simultaneously at t = 0 and a current starts to flow in
the circuit. Both the batteries have the same magnitude of the electromotive force (emf) and the polarities are
as indicated in the figure. Ignore mutual inductance between the inductors. The current I in the middle wire
reaches it maximum magnitude Imax at time t = . Which of the following statements is(are) true?
[JEE(Advanced)-2018]

R L R 2L

V I V

S1 S2

V V L 2L
(1) Imax  (2) Imax  (3)  ln2 (4)  ln2
2R 4R R R

Sol. Answer (2, 4)

tR
V⎛  ⎞
I1  ⎜1  e L ⎟
R⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠ R L
I1 I R I2 2L
tR ⎞
V⎛ 
I2  ⎜ 1  e 2L ⎟ V V
R⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
I = I1 – I2

tR tR ⎞
V  2L ⎛ 
I e ⎜ 1  e 2L ⎟
R ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠

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84 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment

tR
 1
I is maximum when e 2L 
2

2L
t ln2
R

V
Imax 
4R

SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions

Comprehension-I
Electromagnetic brakes work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. If a metallic disc or a coil is rotating in
a uniform magnetic field, it will experience a torque due to induced currents set up in the disc. According to Lenz's
law, induced current is in a direction so as to oppose the rotation. Hence a retarding torque is produced. The rotating
wheel of a vehicle is connected to a coil placed in a uniform magnetic field. The wheel is retarded and the induced
emf is used to charge a battery. Thus kinetic energy of wheel is stored as chemical energy. The drawback of
electromagnetic brake is that induced current or retarding torque is directly proportional to speed of rotation. The
speed, therefore, decays exponentially and vehicle will take a long time to stop. Thus, mechanical brakes are used
simultaneously.

1. The advantage of electromagnetic brakes is that

(1) It is more effective as instant brakes are applied (2) It is more economical as it saves energy
(3) It is easier and simple to design (4) It is based on conservation of energy
Sol. Answer (2)
As the retarding torque is directly proportional to rotational speed. The effect of brakes becomes weak as the
speed decreases. Hence in this respect mechanical brakes are more effective.
The electromagnetic brakes are more economical as it save energy whereas mechanical brakes do not save
energy.

2. The main disadvantage of electromagnetic brakes is that

(1) It cannot bring the vehicle to a halt (2) It has a complicated procedure
(3) It wastes energy due to induced emf (4) It cannot provide a large braking force
Sol. Answer (1)
The speed of the vehicle will decrease exponentially. Hence the vehicle will stops after a long time after the
application of electromagnetic brake. This is the main disadvantage of this brake.

3. The working of electromagnetic brakes does not involve

(1) Lenz's law (2) Faradays law of electromagnetic induction
(3) Frictional force (4) Dissipation of heat
Sol. Answer (3)
Frictional force
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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 85
Comprehension-II
A dc motor works on the principle that a current carrying coil, when placed in a magnetic field experiences a torque.
The arrangement consists of a coil suspended in a region of magnetic field. When a current is passed through the
coil, it experiences torque and starts rotating. A simple arrangement is shown below.

 Split Ring

i B
i

V V
The coil rotates under the action of torque. The current is supplied to the coil by an arrangement of two sliding
contacts and a split ring. As the coil rotates, the magnetic flux linked with the coil changes. This leads to production
of an induced emf  in the coil. By Lenz’s law, the induced emf opposes the applied voltage and therefore it is called
V 
back emf. If R is the resistance in the coil, the current i flowing through the coil at any instant is i  . The
R
back emf is developed due to induction and it is directly proportional to speed of rotation of the motor. There is a
continuous power loss i 2R in the motor, in form of heat.
1. In a dc motor, V is applied voltage,  is back emf, i is current through the motor and R is resistance of the coil. The
mechanical power output of the motor is
(1) i2R (2) i (3) (V – ) i (4) i – i 2R
Sol. Answer (2)
2. The mechanical power output of a dc motor is maximum, when the current through the motor is
V V V 2V
(1) (2) (3) (4)
R 4R 2R R
Sol. Answer (3)
3. When a dc motor is running unloaded (full speed) the current through it is 1 A. What will be the current flowing
through the motor, when it is loaded to run at half its maximum speed, if applied voltage is 10 V and armature
resistance is 5 
(1) 0.5 A (2) 1A (3) 1.5 A (4) 2A
Sol. Answer (3)

Comprehension-III
A point charge Q is moving in a circular orbit of radius R in the x-y plane with an angular velocity . This can be considered
Q
as equivalent to a loop carrying a steady current . A uniform magnetic field along the positive z-axis is now switched
2
on, which increases at a constant rate from 0 to B in one second. Assume that the radius of the orbit remains constant.
The application of the magnetic field induces an emf in the orbit. The induced emf is defined as the work done by an
induced electric field in moving a unit positive charge around a closed loop. It is known that, for an orbiting charge, the
magnetic dipole moment is proportional to the angular momentum with a proportionality constant .
[JEE(Advanced)-2013]

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86 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
1. The magnitude of the induced electric field in the orbit at any instant of time during the time interval of the
magnetic field change is

BR BR
(1) (2) (3) BR (4) 2BR
4 2
Sol. Answer (2)
  d dB ⎛ dB ⎞
∫ E.dl   A ⎜∵  B given ⎟
dt dt ⎝ dt ⎠

R 2 .B
 E 
2R

BR
 E
2
2. The change in the magnetic dipole moment associated with the orbit, at the end of the time interval of the
magnetic field change, is

BQR 2 BQR 2
(1) BQR 2 (2)  (3)  (4) BQR2
2 2
Sol. Answer (2)
B along (+ Z axis)
M = L =  mR2
(where m = mass of charged particle)

M  .mR 2

B
M will change due to change in . Change in  is given by d  
2m
BQ 2 BQR 2
Change in M = .m .R 
2m 2
Negative sign shows change is opposite to direction of B.

SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions

1. STATEMENT-1 : For a current carrying wire, there is an electric field inside the wire and magnetic field outside
the wire.
and
STATEMENT-2 : A current carrying wire cannot generate an electric field outside it.
Sol. Answer (3)
For a current carrying wire, there is both electric and magnetic field inside the wire. If the current in the wire
changes then magnetic field around the wire also changes and this changing magnetic field will produce electric
field also outside the wire.

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 87
2. STATEMENT-1 : When the current decreases in a conducting loop placed co-axially with a similar loop without
current, they attract each other.
and
STATEMENT-2 : As the current in one loop decreases, an induced current starts flowing, in same sense, in
the other loop.
Sol. Answer (1)
When the current in 1st loop starts decreasing, the flux
through other loop also starts decreasing. Hence a current
induced in the other loop. As two wires carrying current in the
same direction attracts each-other.
3. STATEMENT-1 : When there is mutual induction between two coils, their self inductance does not play a
significant role.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Self induction can take place in an isolated coil.
Sol. Answer (4)
When there is mutual induction between two coils connected in a circuit then their equivalent inductance will
be different with the inductance without mutual induction.
4. STATEMENT-1 : Lenz’s Law is another form of law of conservation of energy.
and
STATEMENT-2 : All conservation laws are obtained from law of conservation of energy.
Sol. Answer (3)
Lenz’s law is obviously the law of conservation of energy but all the conservation law cannot be obtained from
conservation of energy. As in collision, the momentum of two particle remains constant but their energy does
not remains conserved.
5. STATEMENT-1 : By making suitable arrangement, a magnetic field can cause a stationary charge to accelerate.
and
STATEMENT-2 : A constant magnetic field cannot interact with stationary charges.
Sol. Answer (2)
If the magnetic field starts changing then this changing magnetic field produces electric field and the electric
field will accelerates the charge particle. A constant magnetic field does not produce electric field.
6. STATEMENT-1 : Whenever there is a change in flux linked with a coil in a circuit, an induced current is set
up in it.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Whenever there is a change in flux linked with a coil in a circuit, an induced emf is set up
in it.
Sol. Answer (4)
Whenever there is a change in flux linked with a coil then induced current in the coil may be zero. If a source
of emf equal to induced emf is connected to oppose the induced emf. i ind  0
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88 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
7. STATEMENT-1 : Energy associated with current configuration is a non-additive quantity.
and
STATEMENT-2 : In case of two or more than two current elements, mutual interaction energy also comes into
play.
Sol. Answer (1)
In case of a system having two current carrying elements, the total energy of system is equal to sum of
individual energies of the element and their interaction energy as well.
8. STATEMENT-1 : In a series L-C-R circuit, it is found that voltage leads current. When the capacitance of the
circuit is increased, the power consumption will increase.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The average power consumption at resonance is independent of inductor or capacitor.
Sol. Answer (4)
The r.m.s current is given by

⎛ 0 ⎞ 1
Irms = ⎜ ⎟ 
⎝Z⎠ 2

Where Z  R 2   X L – X C 
2

1
and XC = . C-increases. XC-decreases and z-increases
C

 irms will decreases and power = irms. Vrms cos , will also decreases.
Average power consumed at resonance is = i 2R which is independent of C and L.

SECTION - E

Matrix-Match Type Questions

1. Match the following :

Column I Column II
(A) Steady electric field (p) Can accelerate a stationary charge
(B) Steady magnetic field (q) Can accelerate a moving charge
(C) Time varying magnetic field (r) Can change the speed of a charge
(D) Induced electric field (s) Forms closed loops
Sol. Answer A(p, q, r), B(q, s), C(p, q, r, s), D(p, q, r, s)
(A) An electric field accelerates a charge particle where it is in rest or in motion if no any other force is present
to balance the electric field force
 Electric lines of force never form a closed loop.

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 89
(B) The force exerted by a magnetic field on a charge particle is given by
    
 
F = q v  B . If V = 0 then F = 0 and acceleration = 0.

 (i) is wrong.

If F  0 then the charge particle will accelerate.
   
Here F is perpendicular to both v and B . Hence work done by F is zero. Therefore, the speed of the
charge particle will not change. Magnetic field lines always forms closed loop.
(C) Time varying magnetic field produces electric field and electric field can accelerates charged particle.
(D) Induced electric field in a conducting wire forms closed loop.
2. Match the following :
Column I Column II

i
(A) (p) Clockwise current in the loop
Motion

i
(B) (i increases) (q) Anti-clockwise current in the loop

i
(C) (r) Repulsion between wire and loop
Motion

(s) Attraction between wire and rod

Sol. Answer A(q, r), B(q, r), C(p, s)
(A) As the loop moves closer to the straight wire, magnetic flux through the loop increases due to increases
of magnetic field.
Hence an induced current will appear in Anticlockwise direction. Due to induced current the wire will repel
the loop.
(B) As i-increases, magnetic flux through the loop also increases. Thus an induced current in the loop will
be in anticlockwise direction. Due to induced current in the loop the straight wire will repel the loop.
(C) As the loop moves away from the straight wire the magnetic flux linking through the loop decreases.
Therefore an induced current in the loop appear in clockwise direction. Due to clockwise current in the
loop, the straight wire will attract the loop.

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90 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
3. Column shows different L-R circuits connected with cell. Column II shows amount of current passing through
the inductor & magnetic energy stored in inductor at in steady state. Match the column I with appropriate value
in column II.
Column I Column II

R
R L
(A) (p) V/R ampere
V

R L

(B) (q) V/3R ampere

V

3R L/2

L/2 3R
LV 2
(C) 3R (r) joule
2R2
V

L R
LV 2
(D) (s) joule
L/9 R 36R2

LV 2
(t) joule
18R 2

Sol. Answer A(p, r), B(p, r), C(q, s), D(p, r, t)

At t = , inductor can be replaced by wire in DC circuit.
V
I1 
R

2
I2
R
I1
V

1 LV 2
U L  I12  
2 2R 2

LV 2
I = V/R, U
2R 2

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 91
R

V
I1  I2 
3R
2
1 ⎛ L ⎞⎛ V ⎞ LV 2
U1  U 2  ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ 
2 ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 3R ⎠ 36R 2

I1 3R L/2

I2 L/2 3R

3R

V V
I1  I2 
R' R
2
1 ⎛V ⎞ LV 2
U1  L⎜ ⎟ 
2 ⎝R⎠ 2R 2
2
1 L ⎛V ⎞ LV 2
U2  ⎜ ⎟ 
2 9⎝R⎠ 18R 2

I1 L R

I2 L /9 R

SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions

1. A conductor PQR of length 0.6 metre and with a resistance r = 1 moves on two parallel conducting rails
CD and AB with a uniform speed V = 4 m/s normal to a uniform magnetic field of induction B = 5 T. The rails
are connected by two resistance as shown in figure. If mechanical power needed for the motion is 3x watt,
then find out the value of x.

A P B

6 30° 3
QV

C R D

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92 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
Sol. Answer (4)
Effective length = (0.3 sin 30°) × 2 = 0.3 metre
Vin  Blv  5  0.3  4  6 V
63
Net resistance = 1 2 1 3 
63
2
Vln2  6  36
Power =    12 W
R 3 3
12 = 3x, x=4

2. A large circular loop of radius 1 metre has total resistance 4. A variable current is flowing through the loop.
The current at any instant is given by equation I = t A, where t is time in second. A very small circular loop
of radius 1 cm having resistance 3.14  is placed coaxially with the larger loop at a distance of 3 metre
 0 x  104
from the centre of larger loop. If induced current in smaller loop is ampere then, find x.
16
Sol. Answer (1)
i = t (1 metre)
r1 = t

0 2.  I r1 
2
0 t 1
2
0 Ir12  t
B    0
4  x 2  r 2  3/2
2  x2  r 2  3/2
2  3  1 3/2
2 8
1 1
x  3 metre
 t
  BA  0    10 4 
2 8
0 t
  104
16
d  0  104
Vin  
dt 16
Vin   104 0
Iin   0   104
Resistance 16   16
0  x  104
 104  0 , x 1
16 16

3. Figure shows three conducting rails connected with resistances R, R and 2R. (here R = 5. A wire in form
of sin curve x = 2 siny is being moved with constant velocity V = 6 m/s towards x-axis. A uniform magnetic
field B = 5.0 T is applied perpendicular to the plane of rails and wire. Find out the current induced in 2R
resistance. (Here x & y both are in metres).
y

B
V
R
2R
V R
x
Sol. Answer (6)
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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 93
4. A long circular tube of length 10 m and radius 0.3 m carries a current I along its curved surface as shown. A
wire-loop of resistance 0.005 ohm and of radius 0.1 m is placed inside the tube with its axis coinciding with
the axis of the tube. The current varies as I = I0cos(300 t) where I0 is constant. If the magnetic moment of
the loop is N0I0 sin(300 t), then 'N' is [IIT-JEE 2011]

Sol. Answer (6)

I
B    0 
L
I
0 I
 B
L
 = B × r2

 (d  / dt ) r 20 ⎛ dI ⎞
i  
Rs Rs Rs L ⎜⎝ dt ⎟⎠

2 r 4 0 ⎛ dI ⎞
Magnetic moment = i × r2 =
Rs L ⎜⎝ dt ⎟⎠
= 60I0sin(300t)

5. A circular wire loop of radius R is placed in the x-y plane centered at the origin O. A square loop of side
a(a << R) having two turns is placed with its centre at z  3R along the axis of the circular wire loop, as
shown in figure. The plane of the square loop makes an angle of 45° with respect to the z-axis. If the mutual
 a2
inductance between the loops is given by p0/2 , then the value of p is [IIT-JEE 2012]
2 R
z

45°

a
3R

R y
O
x
Sol. Answer (7)

M=
I
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94 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment

0 2  I  R 2 1
M=   a 2 cos 45  2
4(R  ( 3R ) )
2 2 3/ 2
I

0 R 2 1
= 3
 a2  2
2(8R ) 2

0 a 2 1 0 a 2
=   7/ 2
R 8 2 R2

SECTION - G
Multiple True-False Type Questions

1. STATEMENT-1 : Mutual induction depends on geometry and orientation of loops w.r.t. each other
STATEMENT-2 : A capacitor acts as an infinite resistance for AC.
STATEMENT-3 : The A.C. voltage across a resistance can be measured using a hot-wire volt meter.
(1) T F T (2) FFT (3) TTF (4) TFF
Sol. Answer (1)

dL 1

dL 2

Statement 1 : Mutual inductance depends upon only Geometry and orientation.

0 dL1. dL2
M 21  M12 
4 ∫∫ 
r

Statement 2 : A capacitor acts as an infinite resistance for DC

2. STATEMENT-1 : A bar magnet is released from rest along the axis of a very long, vertical copper tube. After
some time the magnet will move with almost constant speed.
STATEMENT-2 : An emf can be induced by moving a conductor in a magnetic field.
STATEMENT-3 : An emf can be induced by changing the magnetic field.
(1) F F F (2) TTT (3) TTF (4) FFT
Sol. Answer (2)
Statement 1 : After some, weight and magnetic force becomes equal and opposite. The magnet will move with
almost same speed.

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 95
3. STATEMENT-1 : The magnetic flux through a closed surface is zero.
STATEMENT-2 : When a rod oriented along magnetic north and magnetic south direction falls under gravity.
Potential difference developed across its ends is zero.
STATEMENT-3 : A resistance is connected to an ac source. If an inductor is included in the circuit in series.
The average power dissipated in the resistance will decrease.
(1) T T T (2) FFT (3) TTF (4) TFF
Sol. Answer (1)
Magnetic field lines always exist in closed loops.
When an inductor is attracted rms value of current through circuit reduces.

SECTION - H
Aakash Challengers Questions
1. A coaxial cable consists of two thin coaxial cylinders electrically connected at one end; an inner cylindrical
conducting tube of radius a carrying a steady current I which is screened by an outer cylindrical conducting
sheath of radius b which provides a return path. There is no dielectric medium present.
Use Ampere’s theorem to derive the total magnetic energy stored in the space between the conductors, show
that the inductance of a length l of the cable is

0I ⎛ b ⎞
ln
2 ⎜⎝ a ⎟⎠
L=

If this cable (a = 5 mm, b = 10 mm,  = 1000 m) is now employed in a (resistanceless) LC circuit containing
a capacitance C = 1000 μF, determine the period of oscillations (neglect the capacitance of the cable itself).

0I
Sol. B =
2r

Now the energy stored per unit volume of a magnetic field B is B2/2μ0, so the total magnetic energy stored
in a length l of this cable is
2
b⎛ 0I ⎞ 1 0I 2  b dr 0I 2  ⎛ b ⎞
E= ∫a ⎝ 2r ⎠ 20
⎜ ⎟ 2 rl dr 
4 ∫a r

4
ln ⎜ ⎟.
⎝a⎠
We also know that the magnetic energy stored by an inductance L carrying a current I is LI2/2, so that
equating these two expressions gives

0  ⎛ b ⎞
ln
2 ⎜⎝ a ⎟⎠
L=

as required.
Substituting the dimensions of the cable into this expression, we find that it has an inductance of
1.38 × 10–4 H. [In fact, this will be an underestimate of the inductance, because the magnetic fields within
the conductors are not zero. If we assume that the current in the inner conductor is uniformly distributed, and
that the magnetic permeability of the conductor is unity, the field within it will add 0/8 to the inductance,
which is not insignificant.]
We recall that the resonant frequency of an LC circuit is given by 2 = 1/LC, so  = 2.69 × 103 s–1 and the
period of oscillation is 2/ = 2.33 ms.
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96 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
2. A vertical square loop of copper wire with sides of length 10 cm is falling as shown from a region where the
magnetic field is horizontal and of magnitude 1.2 T into a region where the field is zero, as shown in figure.
The wire has a diameter of 1mm.

B = 1.2 T

B=0

(i) Calculate the magnitude of the current round the loop in terms of the velocity v of fall, and indicate its sense.
(ii) What is the magnetic force acting on the loop, again expressed in terms of v?
(iii) If the velocity of fall reaches a steady value whilst the upper arm of the circuit remains in the field, calculate
this velocity.
(The resistivity of copper is 1.7 × 10–8 m; the density is 8960 kg m–3.)
Sol. Let us write a for the length of the sides of the square, d for the diameter of the wire, e for the resistivity of
copper and m for its density.
(i) The rate at which the flux linked by the loop is changing is Bav, so this is the magnitude of the e.m.f. E
in the coil. The resistance of the loop is given by

e (4a ) 16e a
R= 2
 ,
(d /2) d 2

so the current I is given by E/R as

Bav d 2 Bvd 2
I =  .
16e a 16e
Since the magnetic field is directed into the page, the current in the upper arm of the loop must flow to
the right in order that the force on it should act upwards (Lenz’s law), so the current must flow clockwise
round the loop.
(ii) The upper arm of the loop experiences a force BIa upwards. The two vertical arms experience equal and
opposite forces which cancel out, and the lower arm experiences no force since it is not in the magnetic
field, so the total force F is given by

B 2vd 2a
F=
16e

and it acts upwards.

(iii) If the velocity reaches a steady value, the upward force must balance the weight of the loop which is
m4a(d/2)2g = md2ag.
Equating the two expressions, and rearranging to make  the subject, gives

16e m g
v= .
B2
Using the values given, and taking g = 9.81 ms–2, gives v = 17 mms–1.
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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 97
3. Two parallel rectangular superconducting plates of length , width b and separation a ( >> b >> a) are joined
at each end to form a one-turn coil of negligible resistance. What is its self-inductance? How much energy
is stored in the magnetic field when a steady current I flows? The separation a increases by a small amount
δa. Calculate the various energy changes (a) when the coil includes in its circuit a lossless battery which
maintains a constant current I, and (b) when the circuit consists of the coil alone. Deduce the magnitude and
direction of the force per unit area between the two plates.
Sol. The set-up is shown in figure.

The magnetic field is perpendicular to the current in the plates, so we can draw a cross-section of the system
as shown in figure.

b
current Iinto page
a B
current Iout of page

If we assume that the magnetic field strength B is constant between the plates, and zero outside them,
0I
application of Ampere’s theorem round the dashed curve gives, B  .
b

To calculate the flux linked by the coil we must multiply this flux density by the area of the coil measured
perpendicularly to the direction of B. This area is clearly la, so the flux linked by the circuit is

 0 I a
 ,
b

and the self-inductance of the coil is given by /I, so L = 0a/b.

The energy U stored by the magnetic field is given, in general, by U = LI2/2. Substituting our expression for
the self-inductance L gives

0 aI 2
U= .
2b

(a) If the self-inductance is changed without changing the current, the change in the energy stored by the
magnetic field is clearly

0 I 2 
U = a
2b

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98 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
(b) If the circuit contains only the coil, no e.m.f. is supplied so there can be no change in the flux linked by
the coil, and so the current will change as the inductance changes. We can rewrite the energy stored in
terms of the flux linked as

2 b
U= ,
20 a

so the change in U when a is changed by a is given by

2b
U = – a.
20Ia2

Rewriting this in terms of the current I gives

0I 2 
U = – a.
2b
Since this is negative, the change is energetically favourable so the forces on the plates must be outwards
(repulsive). The force F is –U/a, so the force per unit area on each plate is

0I 2  1 0I 2
  .
2b b 2b 2

4. Two inductors of self inductances L1 and L2 and of resistances R1 and R2 (not shown) respectively are connected
in the circuit as shown. At the instant t = 0, key k is closed. Obtain an expression for which the galvanometer
will show zero deflection at all times after the key is closed.

L1 R3

L2 G R4

Sol. If the deflection of galvanometer is zero then the circuit will be as shown below

Let the switch K is closed at t = 0, then at time t,

⎡ – t  R1 R3  ⎤
 ⎢1– e L1 ⎥
i1 = ⎥ and
R1  R3 ⎢
⎢⎣ ⎥⎦

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 99

⎡ – t  R2 R4  ⎤
 ⎢1– e L2 ⎥
i2 =
R2  R4 ⎢ ⎥
⎣⎢ ⎦⎥

The potential difference across R3 and R4 will be same only then galvanometer will show zero deflection
 i1 R3 = i2 R4

⎡ – t  R1 R3  ⎤ ⎡ – t  R2 R4  ⎤
 R3 ⎢ L1 ⎥  R4 ⎢1– e L2 ⎥
 ⎢ 1– e ⎥ = ⎢ ⎥
R1  R3 R2  R4
⎣⎢ ⎦⎥ ⎢⎣ ⎥⎦

At all times, the deflection is zero

 R3  R4
 = …(i)
R1  R3 R2  R 4

R1  R3 R2  R4
   R3L2 = R4L1
L1 L2

L1 R
 = 3 …(ii)
L2 R4

L1 R  R3
= 1 …(iii)
L2 R2  R 4

From (ii) and (iii)

R1  R3 R3 R R
   3  1
R2  R 4 R 4 R4 R2

L1 R3 R1
  
L2 R4 R2

5. A rod of mass M and length L is placed on a smooth horizontal surface. It is hinged at one end so that it
can rotate freely in a horizontal circle about this end. There exists a uniform magnetic field B perpendicular,
into the horizontal surface everywhere. The strength of magnetic field starts varying as B = B0t.
(i) Find the torque acting on the rod about its hinged end.
(ii) Find the reaction produced at hinge at t = 0.
(A charge Q is distributed uniformly on the rod)
Sol. (a) Let us consider a length (dr) of the rod at a distance r from the hinged end. Force acting on the length
(dr) by the induced electric field is

d B
dF = dqE and ∫ Edr   dt

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100 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment

B0 r
 E . 2r = B0r2  E=
2

⎡ Q ⎤ B0 r Q B0
dF = ⎢ dr ⎥   dF = rdr …(1)
⎣L ⎦ 2 2L

Q B0 2
Torque of this forced is d = r dr
2L

Total torque due to the induced electric field force is

Q B0 L 2 Q B0 L2
2L ∫0
1 = r dr 
6

(b) At t = 0, B = 0
Angular velocity = 0
And hence reaction is equal to zero.

6. A wire loop in the form of a sector of a circle of radius a = 20 cm is located on boundary of a uniform magnetic
field of strength B = 1 tesla as shown. Angle of sector is 45°, and resistance of loop is 20 .The loop is rotated
about axis O which is parallel to the magnetic field and lies on its boundary with constant angular velocity
. If rate of generation of heat is 3.14 mJ/rev, find angular velocity 

× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
O

Sol. When  angle of the loop lies in the magnetic field then

1 R2 B
=  R  R  B = .
2 2

R 2 B ⎛ d  ⎞ R 2 B
Induced emf in the loop at this instant is e  ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎝ dt ⎠ 2

Current induced in the loop

R 2 B
i= , r = resistance
2r

 Power of the heat generated in the loop, P = i2 r

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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 101
2
⎛ R 2 B ⎞
 P= ⎜ ⎟ r
⎝ 2r ⎠

P 2r 3.14  10 –3   2  20
 =  2 = 
r R B 2  20 0.2  0.2  1

2
⎛ 1000 ⎞
 = ⎜ ⎟ = 25 rad /s
⎝ 200 ⎠

7. Two coils of self inductance L1 and L2 are connected in parallel and then connected to a cell of emf  and
internal resistance R. Find the steady state current in the coils.
Sol. Let at any instant of time t the current is shown in figure.
 I = I1 + I2 …(1)
Since L1 and L2 are in parallel. I1 L1

dI1 dI2
 L1 = L2 I I2 L2
dt dt

 L1 ∫ dI1 = L2 R 
∫ dI 2

 L1 I1 = L2 I2 …(2)


In the steady state I =
R

 L1 I1
 from (1) = I1 +
R L2

L2 
 I1 =
 L1  L2  R
L1 
And I2 =  L  L  R
1 2

8. A long wire carrying a constant current I is kept in the plane of a square loop of side a initially at a
distance of b from the wire. The square loop is given a constant velocity v perpendicular to the wire as shown
in figure.

I a

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102 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment
(i) Find the emf induced in the loop as a function of x distance between wire and loop.
(ii) The loop is taken from initial position of distance b to final position of distance 2b from the wire in any
time interval t . Find the total charge flown through any cross-section of the loop in the same time
interval t. Resistance of the loop is R.
Sol. (i) When the loop is at a distance x from the wire then net emf induced in the loop is given by

⎛ 0 I ⎞ ⎛ 0 I ⎞
e=v ⎜ ⎟ a – v ⎜⎜ 2 x  a ⎟⎟ a
⎝ 2 x ⎠ ⎝  ⎠
0 I a 2v

= 2 x x  a

(ii) Let us consider a width (dr) at a distance r from the wire as shown in figure.

I a

r dr

The flux through this strip is

0 I
d = 2 r  adr 

x a
0 Ia dr
Total flux through the loop is  =
2 ∫
x r

0 Ia  x  a
= ln
2 x

When the loop is at a distance b then

0 i a ⎛ab⎞
1 = ln ⎜ ⎟ …(i)
2 ⎝ b ⎠

When the loop is at a distance 2b then

0 ia ⎛ a  2b ⎞
2 = ln ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎝ 2b ⎠

Net charge q flowing through any cross-section in time dt is

1 – 2
q=
R
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Solutions of Assignment Electromagnetic Induction 103
0 ia ⎡ ⎛ab 2b ⎞ ⎤
 q=
2R ⎢ln ⎜ b  a  2b ⎟ ⎥
⎣ ⎝ ⎠⎦

0 ia ⎧⎪  a  b  ⎫⎪
 q= ln ⎨ 2 ⎬
2R ⎩⎪  a  2b  ⎭⎪

9. Calculate the inductance of a closely wound solenoid of length l whose winding is made of copper wire of
mass m. The winding has a total resistance equal to R. The solenoid diameter is considerably less than its
length. Take density of copper = d and resistivity = .
Sol. Let the total length of the wire of solenoid = L

L L2 L2 d
Then R =  =  = 
A V m

Rm
 L2 = …(i)
d

If the radius of the solenoid is r then total number of turns

L
N=
2r

N L
 No. of turns per unit length is n = =
l 2rl

Magnetic field inside the solenoids is B = 0ni

Total flux through the solenoid is  = NB (r2)

⎛N ⎞
= N 0 ⎜ ⎟ (r2)I
⎝ l ⎠

L2  0
= r 2 i
4 2 r 2 l

0 Rm
= i
4 l d

0 Rm
 Inductance = as (= I L)
4 l d

10. A closed circuit consists of a cell of emf , an ideal choke coil of self-inductance L and a resistor R in series
1
with it. At t = 0, the inductance of the choke coil is abruptly made times (n > 1). Find the current in the
n
circuit as function of time.

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104 Electromagnetic Induction Solutions of Assignment


Sol. When inductance is L then current is at t = 0, because the circuit is closed.
R

L n
As the inductance is made abruptly, flux remains unchanged. Current will become at t = 0
n R


Now after the new steady state the current will be I  at t = .
R

 nRt  nRt
⎡  ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
 Current at time t will be I  ⎢  (n  1)e L ⎥  ⎢1   n  1 e L ⎥
⎣ R R ⎦ R ⎣ ⎦

L L
As the inductance is made , the time constant becomes
n nR

  

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