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Logarithms BASICS by NEHA AGRAWAL

Logarithms are used to represent exponential relationships in a linear form. The key properties of logarithms include the product rule, quotient rule, power rule, change of base rule, and equality rule. This document provided examples and problems to illustrate logarithm definitions, types, properties, and their applications in solving exponential and logarithmic equations.

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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
709 views88 pages

Logarithms BASICS by NEHA AGRAWAL

Logarithms are used to represent exponential relationships in a linear form. The key properties of logarithms include the product rule, quotient rule, power rule, change of base rule, and equality rule. This document provided examples and problems to illustrate logarithm definitions, types, properties, and their applications in solving exponential and logarithmic equations.

Uploaded by

kailasbankar96
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Logarithms

Logarithms

JEE MAINS & ADVANCED COURSE


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➔ Complete PYQ’s (2015-2023)
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S. No. TOPICS
S. No. TOPICS
11. Probability
1. Logarithms
12. Binomial Theorem
2. Inequalities - Wavy Curve
13. Integration
3. Trigonometry
14. Sequence & Series
4. Functions: Domain & Range
15. Vectors

5. Modulus & Greatest Integer Functions 16. 3D Geometry

6. Complex Numbers 17. Graphs & Transformation

7. Differentiation 18. Straight Lines & Circles

8. Limits 19. Sets & Relations

9. Quadratic Equations 20. Conic Sections

10. Permutations & Combinations 21. Matrices and Determinants


Logarithms
LOGARITHMS
● Real Life Application of Logarithms
● Logarithm Definition
● Exponents to Logarithms
● Types of Logarithms
● Logarithm Conditions
● Logarithms Properties
● Basic Properties
● Product rule
● Quotient rule
● Power rule
● Change of base rule
● Log expansion series
● Problems on Logarithm
Logarithms
Why Study Logarithms?

Real Life Application of Logarithms


1. Log Table: Logarithms are used to read values from log table.

1. Finance: Logarithms are used to calculate compound interest and investment


growth rates.
2. Earthquakes: The Richter scale measures earthquake magnitudes using
logarithms.
3. pH Scale: Logarithms are employed to measure acidity and alkalinity on the
pH scale.
4. Sound and Music: Logarithmic scales are used to measure sound intensity
and musical pitch.(decibels)
5. Signal Processing: Logarithms aid in data compression and efficient storage
in signal processing applications.
Logarithms
JEE(MAIN) PYQs Using LOGARITHMS
Logarithms
LOGARITHMS DEFINITION

WHAT ARE LOGARITHMS ?


● A logarithm is the power to which a number must be
raised in order to get some other number.
For example,
● i.e., log 10100 = 2, because 102 = 100.
Logarithms

Find ‘x’, if 40 = 10x

x = log1040
Logarithms
EXPONENTS to LOGARITHMS

In general,
CONDITIONS

if ax = N ⇔ ● N>0
logaN = x ● a>0
● a≠1

Base

Hence, logarithm of N to base ‘a’ is ‘x’


Logarithms
EXPONENTS to LOGARITHMS

1) 103 = 1000 ⇔
2) 34 = 81 ⇔
3) 70 = 1 ⇔
4) 811/4 = 3 ⇔
Logarithms
EXPONENTS to LOGARITHMS

1) 103 = 1000 ⇔ log101000 = 3


2) 34 = 81 ⇔ log381 = 4
3) 70 = 1 ⇔ log71 = 0
4) 811/4 = 3 ⇔ log813 = ¼
Logarithms

Q. Find k if log264=k
Logarithms
Solution:

Given,
log264=k
⇒ 64 = 2k
⇒ 26 = 2 k
⇒k=6
Logarithms

Q. Find x if log5(x-7)=1
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms
TYPES OF LOGARITHMS

1. Common Logarithms:
Logarithms with base ‘10’. In all science
application the base is taken as ‘10’.

1. Natural Logarithms:
The logarithms with base ‘e’ (e = 2.718)
which is also an irrational number like ‘π’.
● logex = lnx
Logarithms

LOGARITHM
PROPERTIES
Logarithms
Property 1

loga1 = 0 (a ≠ 1, a > 0)
Logarithms
Logarithms

Log51 + Log21 = ?
Logarithms

Log51 + Log21 = ?

Answer: 0
Logarithms
Property 2

logaa = 1 (a ≠ 1, a > 0)
Logarithms
Logarithms

Log5050 =?
Logarithms

Log5050 =?

Answer: 1
Logarithms
Property 3
Product rule
loga x1 + loga x2 = loga(x1x2)
Logarithms
Logarithms

Log15 5 + Log15 3 =?
Logarithms

Log15 5 + Log15 3 =?

Answer: Log15 15 = 1
Logarithms
Property 4
Quotient rule
logax1 – logax2 = loga(x1/x2)
Logarithms
Logarithms

Log7 35 – Log7 5 =?
Logarithms

Log7 35 – Log7 5 =?

Answer: Log77 = 1
Logarithms
Power rule Property 5

loga(xn) = nlogax (x > 0, a > 0, a ≠ 1)


Logarithms
Logarithms

Log10 1005 =?
Logarithms

Log10 1005 =?

Answer: 10
Logarithms

Q. Find the value of


Logarithms
Logarithms
Property 6
Change of base rule
Logarithms
Logarithms
Property 7
Logarithms
Logarithms

Q. Find the value of log0.011000.


Logarithms
Logarithms
Property 8

log x + log(1/x) = 0
Logarithms

Q.
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms
Property 9

alog b = blog a
Logarithms
Logarithms

PROBLEMS ON
LOGARITHMS
Logarithms

Q. Which of the following statements is not


correct?

A log10 10 = 1

B log(2+3)=log(2×3)

C log10 1 = 0

D log(1+2+3)=log 1+log 2+log 3


Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. Which of the following statements is not


correct?

A log10 10 = 1

B log(2+3)=log(2×3)

C log10 1 = 0

D log(1+2+3)=log 1+log 2+log 3


Logarithms

Q. If logx y=100 and log2 x=10, then the


value of y is:

A 210

B 2100

C 21000

D 210000
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. If logx y=100 and log2 x=10, then the


value of y is:

A 210

B 2100

C 21000

D 210000
Logarithms

Q. If log5(log5(log2 x))=0, then the value of x is

A 32

B 125

C 625

D 125
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. If log5(log5(log2 x))=0, then the value of x is

A 32

B 125

C 625

D 125
Logarithms

Q. If then

A a+b=1

B a-b=1

C a=b

D a2-b2=1
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. If then

A a+b=1

B a-b=1

C a=b

D a2-b2=1
Logarithms

Q. If log42 + log44 + log 416 + log 4x=6, then x =

A 4

B 64

C 32

D 8
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. If log4 2 + log4 4+ log 4 16+ log 4 x=6, then x=

A 4

B 64

C 32

D 8
Logarithms

Q. The value of is:

A 0

B 1

C 5

D 60
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. The value of is:

A 0

B 1

C 5

D 60
Logarithms

Q. The value of is

A 1

B -1

C 2

D None of these
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. If is

A 1

B -1

C 2

D None of these
Logarithms

Q. Solve for x if log(x-1) + log(x+1)=log21


Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. The equation loge x + loge (1+x)=0


can be written as

A x2+x-1=0

B x2+x+1=0

C x2+x-e=0

D x2+x+e=0
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. The equation loge x+ loge (1+x)=0 can be


written as

A x2+x-1=0

B x2+x+1=0

C x2+x-e=0

D x2+x+e=0
Logarithms

Q.
Logarithms
Logarithms
SUMMARY: LOGARITHMS

PROPERTIES OF LOGARITHMS

Product rule loga(xy)=loga x+logb y

Quotient rule

Power rule
Change of base rule

Equality rule If loga x= loga y, then x=y


Logarithms
SUMMARY: LOGARITHMS
Logarithms

Q. If log105+log10 (5x+1)= log10 (x+5)+1, then x


is equal to

A 1

B 3

C 5

D 10
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. If log105+log10 (5x+1)= log10 (x+5)+1, then x


is equal to

A 1

B 3

C 5

D 10
Logarithms

Q. The number of real solutions of the


equation log(-x)=2 log(x+1), is

A 0

B 1

C 2

D 4
Logarithms
Solution:
Logarithms

Q. The number of real solutions of the equation


log(-x)=2 log(x+1), is

A 0

B 1

C 2

D 4
S. No.
CLICK
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HERE FOR THE FULL PLAYLIST
S. No. TOPICS
1. Logarithms 11. Probability

2. Inequalities - Wavy Curve 12. Binomial Theorem

3. Trigonometry 13. Integration

4. Functions: Domain & Range 14. Sequence & Series

15. Vectors
5. Modulus & Greatest Integer Functions
16. 3D Geometry
6. Complex Numbers

7. Differentiation 17. Graphs & Transformation

8. Limits 18. Straight Lines & Circles

9. Quadratic Equations 19. Sets & Relations

10. Permutations & Combinations 20. Conic Sections

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