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Surface Grinding

Surface grinding is a finishing process that uses an abrasive grinding wheel to produce a smooth, flat surface on a workpiece. The grinding wheel spins and removes small chips of material from the workpiece surface. A surface grinder holds the workpiece in place with a magnetic or mechanical chuck below the grinding wheel. It precisely moves the workpiece back and forth to grind the entire flat surface. Surface grinding can refine surfaces of metals like cast iron or steel to a high precision of within 0.002 mm.

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Nithish Kuttan
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284 views3 pages

Surface Grinding

Surface grinding is a finishing process that uses an abrasive grinding wheel to produce a smooth, flat surface on a workpiece. The grinding wheel spins and removes small chips of material from the workpiece surface. A surface grinder holds the workpiece in place with a magnetic or mechanical chuck below the grinding wheel. It precisely moves the workpiece back and forth to grind the entire flat surface. Surface grinding can refine surfaces of metals like cast iron or steel to a high precision of within 0.002 mm.

Uploaded by

Nithish Kuttan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SURFACE GRINDING

Surface grinding is used to produce a smooth finish on flat surfaces. It is a widely used abrasive machining process in which a spinning wheel covered in rough particles (grinding wheel) cuts chips of metallic or non metallic substance from a workpiece, making a face of it flat or smooth.

PROCESS
Surface grinding is the most common of the grinding operations. It is a finishing process that uses a rotating abrasive wheel to smooth the flat surface of metallic or nonmetallic materials to give them a more refined look or to attain a desired surface for a functional purpose. The surface grinder is composed of an abrasive wheel, a workholding device known as a chuck, and a reciprocating table. The chuck holds the material in place while it is being worked on. It can do this one of two ways: ferromagnetic pieces are held in place by a magnetic chuck, while non-ferromagnetic and nonmetallic pieces are held in place by vacuum or mechanical means. A machine vise (made from ferromagnetic steel or cast iron) placed on the magnetic chuck can be used to hold nonferromagnetic workpieces if only a magnetic chuck is available. Factors to consider in surface grinding are the material of the grinding wheel and the material of the piece being worked on. Typical workpiece materials include cast iron and minor steel. These two materials don't tend to clog the grinding wheel while being processed. Other materials are aluminum, stainless steel, brass and some plastics. When grinding at high temperatures, the material tends

to become weakened and is more inclined to corrode. This can also result in a loss of magnetism in materials where this is applicable.

EQUIPMENT
A surface grinder is a machine tool used to provide precision ground surfaces, either to a critical size or for the surface finish. The typical precision of a surface grinder depends on the type and usage, however +/- 0.002 mm (+/- 0.0001") should be achievable on most surface grinders.

TYPES OF SURFACE GRINDERS


Horizontal-spindle (peripheral) surface grinders The periphery (flat edge) of the wheel is in contact with the workpiece, producing the flat surface. Peripheral grinding is used in high-precision work on simple flat surfaces; tapers or angled surfaces; slots; flat surfaces next to shoulders; recessed surfaces; and profiles. Vertical-spindle (wheel-face) grinders The face of a wheel (cup, cylinder, disc, or segmental wheel) is used on the flat surface. Wheelface grinding is often used for fast material removal, but some machines can accomplish high-precision work. The workpiece is held on a reciprocating table, which can be varied according to the task, or a rotary-table machine, with continuous or indexed rotation. Indexing allows loading or unloading one station while grinding operations are being performed on another. Disc grinders and double-disc grinders Disc grinding is similar to surface grinding, but with a larger contact area between disc and workpiece. Disc grinders are available in both vertical and horizontal spindle types.

Double disc grinders work both sides of a workpiece simultaneously. Disc grinders are capable of achieving especially fine tolerances.

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