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Amerique Pl)ilyow

Timothv Tuckerman Schwartz

Dear Dr. Schwartz:

I have been retained by Dr. Athena Kolbe to address the numerous defamatory statements
contained in your book entitled The Great Haiti Humanitarian Aid Svvindle, recently published by
CreateSpace Independent Publishing (an Amazon.com company) and distributed in e-book form
by Amazon Digital Services LLC and il1 hard copy form by Amazon.com, Inc.

lt is astonishing that you wrote and then published a book replete with egregious
defamatory content. The various libelous statements are addressed as they appear in your
publication. I have annotated the relevant portions of your book, enclosed herein. The numbers
below correspond to the numbers I have placed next to scans of your publication in the enclosed
aimex.

Chapter 8 -The Rape Epidemic

1. You incorrectl y state that "in 2006 Wayne State University graduate student Athena
Kolbe .. .". Dr. Kolbe was not a graduate student when this was publi shed. At this
point in time she had already completed her second Master's Degree.

2. You baselessly claim Dr. Kolbe's "findings were radically biased in favor of
Aristide.'' This is not accurate. The findings in this study were not biased in favor
or against former President Jean Be1trand Aristide or his supporters. ln fact, as yo u
know. the study did not measure any viol ence or human rights violations which

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took place during President Aristide's tenure, but began after he was deposed in
2004.

3. Herc you make one of many false assertions that Dr. Kolbe changed her name. Dr.
Kolbe did not change her name to Athena Kolbe. This was the name given to her
at birth and it appears on her birth certificate.

4. Dr. Kolbe has not lied about, manipulated, or exaggerated data, nor is she "inclined"
to do so. Your accusation is baseless.

5. Dr. Kolbe is not now and never has been a criminal. She has never been arrested or
charged with a crime and she has not committed any crimes. These statements are
defamation, per se.

6. Dr. Kolbe has never conducted a research study or been affiliated with a project
titled "The University of Michigan Survey."

7. Again, you falsely state that Dr. Kolbe changed her name to Athena Kolbe. See #3
above.

8. You wrongly claim that the "only evidence'' of a "true rape epidemic" was
produced by Dr. Kolbe. This is not true. Her research was not the only evidence of
high numbers of sexual assaults after the 2004 coup. You know that you previously
discussed with Dr. Kolbe that evidence of high rates of assault was also found by
others. both before and after the study you reference by Drs. Kolbe and Hutson.
Their study was published in the Lancet in 2006. Other evidence fo r an increase in
sexual assaults came from journalists, the United Nations, international
organizations, in peer-reviewed academic journal articles by scholarly researchers
(both Haitian and foreign), and the Haitian government.

9. You continue your false presentation of Dr. Kolbe by claiming that she is or was
'"ensconced in local politics." Althou gh she does vote in local elections in the
United States, Dr. Kolbe is not now and never has been involved or "ensconced" in
local politics, either in Haiti or at home.

10. Ors. Kolbe and Huston have never conducted a survey which asked about rapes
only committed in 2004 nor which found that 20 percent of respondents had been
raped in both 2004 and another year. Drs. Kolbe and Hutson have never co-
auU1orcd a research study whi ch disaggregates rapes by year. Yom statements are
fa lse.

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz.
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11 . You deceptively state that there is a ·'huge question" over Dr. Kolbe' s data that you
further clairn she and Dr. IT utson "and everyone else" ignored. You then describe a
common form of potential bias in survey research related to reliance on respondent
report. As Drs. Kolbe and Hutson pointed out in their paper, relying on respondent
report is a lways a limitation of any survey, which is well known in academia.

Contrary to your statement that tJ1e potential bias of respondent report was ignored,
it was clearly discussed by Drs. Kolbe and Hutson as a li mitation in the article about
this survey that you cited. Drs. Kolbe and Hutson did not force respondents to
provide evidence of the sexual assault they reported. Thi s is standard, as was their
discussion of respondent rep011 as a limitation. Whi le this may be a "huge question"
to yo u, it is not something that Drs. Kolbe and Hutson have ignored, nor is this form
of potential bias in survey research something that scholars would consider reason
to summarily dismiss findings ofa research study, as you have advocated.

12. You wrong!y write that Dr. Kolbe and "six other University [sic] professors" who
worked on the 20 10 post-quake study were professors. Dr. Kolbe was not a
professor at the time and not everyone who worked on this project was a professor,
nor did they claim to be.

I 3. You inaccuratel y write that none of those researchers, other than presumably Dr.
Kolbe, had "any prior experience studying or researching IIaiti." This is not true.

14. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe docs not speak French or Creole. However, this is
not true, and you have previously affirmed that Dr. Kolbe is fluent in Haitian Creole
and you have previously stated that you are unable to assess her French language
skill s.

On November 3, 2011. you comp leted an external language assessment of Dr.

Kolbc·s written, spoken, and oral comprehension skills in Haitian Creole. You did
thi s for the Social Science Research Counsel as part or her application for a
grad uate fe llowship. On this signed form , you identified yourself as "Timothy T.
Schwartz, PhD - schwartz83 [email protected] om ... Anthropolo gy Fellow at Museo de
Hombre. Dominican Republic." You then go on to describe your experience in
Haitian Creole and to state that you are qualified to assess Dr. Kolbe's language
ski lls in Haitian Creole. On this form , yo u certi fied that Dr. Kolbe was "highly
pro ficient" in Haitian Creole.

On this fo rm , you further stated that although Dr. Kolbe had provided evidence of
four years of French instruction and has " intermedia te" Ouency according to a
written onlinc Frenc h language examination, that you, Timothy Schwartz, are

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unable to assess Dr. Kolbe's French language skills because yoll do not speak
or understand the French language.

In March 20 12, you completed a similar language evaluati on for another fellowship
,,.,,here you stated that Dr. Kolbe has professional working fluency in .Haitian Creole.
In your attached letter for this evaluation you stated that Dr. Kolbe has a "working
know ledge" of "French (reading)" and "intermediate" " French (oral
comprehension)" skills.

Fu1t her, in a skype conversation with a third person doing research in Haiti, in June
20 12, you stated that Dr. Kolbe is "surprisingly fluent" in Creole and that though
she would not be able to do simultaneous translation for this this third person, you
said Dr. Kolbe "speak[s] enough [Creole] to help [this person] get [their work]
done."

15. Dr. Kolbe did not " live with orphans" fo r 12 years in Haiti. She worked with street
children, not orphans, and that was only for the first three years that she was in
Haiti.

16. Here you wrongly claim that Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues "jumped on the rape
bandwagon" . However, looking at the dates of the research studies in question, this
is not possible. The study to which you were referring was conducted, but not
published, before the reports of sex ual assault were publicized. Dr. Kolbe and her
colleagues independently found the same thing that journalists and other
researchers also fo und.

17. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues did not conduct the survey that
they conducted. This is a Iie. The study was fielded and the findings analyzed and
reported, as has been described by authors in numerous reports. Hard copy and
electroni c files of all completed study instruments are on file with the University,
should this matter be litigated.

18. Here you mischaracterize the study you seek to criticize. Dr. Kolbe and her
coll eagues conduc ted a study of a six-week period, during which there was crisis
and disp lacement. This is not the same as doing a national study to estimate an
annual rate of sexual assault, which is what you are inaccurate ly claiming by saying
that Dr. Kolbe and colleagues estimated "7% of all women annually" were raped.
Thi s study by Dr. Ko lbe and her colleagues is not one which can be used to calculate
national annual rates of any particular crime nor should it be used to do so. Their
study was geographically limited to the areas they surveyed and did not include a
popu lation sample which was nationally representative. Your statements are a gross
mischaracterizati on of their research findings.

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19. In this section, you misstate both the study methodology and fielding. The study
methods and fi elding proced ures were clearly explained in various reports which
you have cited and used elsewhere. Your misrepresentation here, in an attempt to
bolster your argumen t, can only be seen as intentionally dishonest.

20. You wrongly accuse Dr. Kolbe of reporting ''suspicious" research findings.
However, it is false to claim Dr. Kolbe's findin gs arc suspicious.

Chapter 9 - "Politics of Data : The Pretender"

21 . The chapter title uses the term "The Pretender." The chapter is about Dr. Kolbe. It
is false to state she is a ''pretender."

22. The insertion of the word "sic" into the quote falsely implies that Dr. Kolbe was
wrong about the number of street children, the fact that she was working with
children, or the fact that the children were homeless. There is nothing in the quote
that is inaccurate or a mistake.

23 . You erroneously state that Dr. Kolbe left Haiti in 1997 and did not return until 2004.
This is not accurate.

24. Dr. Kolbe has never claimed to be a "war correspondent. ' This, as well as other
information in your book, was taken from a Wikipedia article that she did not author
and for which she is not responsible. In this instance, and others, you present the
material from Wikipedia as if they were statements made by Dr. Kolbe and then
attempt lo refute the statements whi le accusing her of lying about such informati on.

In this instance, again, Dr. Kolbe has never claimed to be a "war correspondent."
As you know, Dr. Kolbe worked for an international news wire service and covered
socia l issues, typically those related to children and youth. While she did work in
some areas where there had been wars, reporting on war has never been in her title
nor has it been the focus of her work.

Additionally, Dr. Kolbe never worked "on the front lines" in Croatia, Iraq,
Afghanistan, and Vietnam. She reported on l raq and Afghanistan before 9/1 1 and
her reporting focused on youth culture, education, food security, and gender issues.
The reporting she did in Croatia was about economic development, not war. Her
reporting from the Middle East, during times when there were activities occurring
which could be construed as war, focused on religion, c ulture, and youth issues,

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while her reporting on Iraq and Afghani stan post 9/11 was all on social and
economic issues, not war.

Dr. Kolbe's reporting in Vietnam was on child labor, ethnic minority children and
youth, and migration, not on war. Dr. Kolbe was born in l 976, ten months after the
Vietnam War ended, so she was not alive, much less working as a journalist, during
the Vietnam War. She has never claimed to be a "war correspondent," much less a
war correspondent in the particular countries mentioned.

25. You state that Dr. Kolbe moved to Michigan in 2004. This is not accurate.

26. You state that Dr. Kolbe "enrolled under the name, not of Lyn Duff, but of Athena
Kolbe.'' This is not accurate.

Dr. Kolbe's academic records from high school and undergraduate university years
use the name ·'Athena Lyn Duff-Kolbe" in her official records and transcript, as did
her social security card, driver' s license, and school identification cards.

Though she had a DBA ("doing business as") declaration with the IRS stating that
she worked as a journalist publishing under the name ·'Lyn Duff," Dr. Kolbe' s
academic records clearly used both of her parent's last names and her full first name
on the records. For personal reasons unrelated to politics or research or Haiti, in the
late l 990s, Dr. Kolbe decided to drop her mother's surname, Duff, from her
hyphenated last name. She did this legally and openly. During a period of transition,
all of her identification listed both of her parents' surnames and the amendment
page of her passport listed her "also lrnown as" name as "Athena Lyn Duff-Kolbe."

When applying for grnduate school (for all tlu·ee of the graduate schools she
attended and graduated from) Dr. Kolbe, of course, informed the universities of her
hyphenated name. They were also aware because it was the name used on her
undergraduate records and was still the name listed on her social security card.

There is nothing dubious or suspicious about Dr. Kolbe's actions.

27. You present the use of Dr. Kolbe's given name as something that was done with
malicious intent. While it is true that she continued to publish using her mother's
maiden name, this is standard practice in journalism. Once a journalist establishes
themselves as a writer using a particular byline, it is ill-advised to change that byline
even if the writer gets marr.ied, divorced, or othe rwise begins to use a different name
in his/her personal life. However, Dr. Kolbe complied with both the spirit and the
letter of the law by info rming her employers, university. and the IRS (as well as her

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friend s) of her full name. This was not secret, as you imply, nor was it unusual for
a published author to continue using their original byline. fndeed, Dr. Kolbe's social
media accounts still include her byli ne as an "also known as" name. She has never
hidden this.

28. You falsely state the research referenced found that 46 percent of killings and 28
percent of sexual assaults attri buted to authorities, paramilitaries, and gangs that
supported the new government. These numbers are pure fiction and clearly do not
appear anywhere in the referenced article.

29. You wrote, "none of the raping or killing was attributed [sic] to the ... Aristide
government. " Drs. Kolbe and Hutson did clearly state that suppo11ers of President
Aristide had been accused of human rights abuses (they wrote: "Leaders in the
interim Haitian government, members of the Civil Convergence political
movement opposing the Aristide government, and other political groups have
countered with claims of rampant human rights abuses by Lavalas partisans and
pro-Aristide gangs in the country' s impoverished urban neighborhoods"). Drs.
Kolbe and Hutson did not claim that President Aristide's partisans never committed
any rapes or murders. Your statement is false.

30. You falsely state that Dr. Ko lbe and her co-author claimed the "far right ruling elite
was engaged ... in a frenzy of raping and killing on a sca le undocumented anywhere
in the world." They did not label the groups or ruling class as "far right." They
estimated that 8000 people were killed and 35,000 were sexually assaulted in 22
months and thus, contrary to yo ur false assertion, this does not constitute an
"undocumented scale."

31. You claim that Drs. Kolbe and Hutson captured data on the experiences of Haitian
citizens during the Aristide presidency but then used that data to say that no human
rights violations were attributed to the Aristide government. This is not true. The
study you are discussing did not capture data during the time before the Aristide
government was deposed and thus, it would have been impossible for Drs. Kolbe
and Hutson to have found that the Aristide administration was responsible or not
responsible for human rights violations. The study period was during the
administration of Latortue, a different government administration than Aristide's
administration.

You falsely assert that Dr. Kolbc's research claimed one-sided violence. This is
not true. In fact. the claims were just the opposite. The research study, with initial
findin gs published in the Lancet, illustrated that many of types of violence were
being reported, some c riminal, some political, some domestic/personal , and that
people fro m all pm1s of society were being victimized, not just partisans of one

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group or another. This, by the way, was the foc us of a publicly available master' s
thesis using this data set which was provided to you in 20 11 by Dr. Kolbe.
However, you have chosen not to reference that information here because it does
not support your false narrati ve. This second piece did what the Lancet paper did
not: it looked at what groups of people were most likely to be victims of violence
and crime. Dr. Kolbe is co-authored on a conference presentation (as are two of the
other professors you criticize) where the presentation examined targeted violence
and specificall y illustrated, statistically, that the vio lence was not one-sided. Dr.
Kolbe and her colleagues have never claimed or posited that violence was one-
sided and your assertions to the contrary are false .

33. You pose two inaccurate hypothetical r easons why a person's name might differ
from his/her reporter byline. Neither of these suppositions are accurate explanations
of what occurred. You are fu ll y aware of the accurate basis for the difference
between Dr. Kolbe's byline and her name because yo u personally discussed it with
her.

34. It is entirely false to claim that Dr. Kolbe concealed her identi ty.

35. You wrongly claim that Dr. Kolbe "concealed her identity" because she was
threatened with death by British people involved in a conspiracy. This is not
accurate and does not reflect the events as they were reported at the time. The death
threats and harassment happened after the study was publi shed, nearly a year after
the research was completed. There's no relationship between Dr. Kolbe's choice
regarding her name and the later death threat. In fact, she never assumed that she
would receive a death tlm:at and was surprised when it happened.

36. Your summary of the Emrnesberg article is inaccurate in myriad ways:

a) There is no mention anywhere in the article of Scotland Yard, disposable

cell phones or a British ex-con;
b) Dr. Kolbe never claimed there was some British conspiracy; and
c) You falsely state that Dr. Kolbe said Scotland Yard "dropped the issue."
This is false. Dr. Kolbe never claimed this and she never made any
statements about Scotland Yard in the article.

37. The lancet never stated that Dr. Kolbe concealed her identity or concluded that she
·'should not have concealed a double identity.,.

38. You falsely write ·'critics noted that the person who reviewed the data." You fail to
identi fy s uch critics, because none exist.

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39. You falsel y claim that Dr. Trzcinski "joined" Dr. Kolbe ''mining the data" to get
publications needed for tenure. However, at the time Dr. Kolbe worked with Dr.
Trzcinski. in 2007, Dr. Trzcinski had been tenured since the 1990s.

40. You falsely state that Wayne State administrators "were not so forgiving." This is
not true. First, there was nothing to forgive. Second, Dr. Kolbe was honored for
her research in Haiti at graduation, including being awarded the Ellen Zwerling
thesis award , an annual award for the best thesis in the school.

41. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe was terminated from her PhD program and "sent
off with a master' s degree." There is no truth to this. Wayne State University
(WSU) did not have a PhD program at the time that Dr. Kolbe was completing her
MSW. The doctoral program at WSU's School of Social Work did not start until
the year after Dr. Kolbe graduated. Dr. Kolbe was never a matriculated student in
WSU 's social work PhD program, though she did lake a few classes in the doctoral
program during the year she was preparing to statt a PhD at the University of
Michigan. Dr. Kolbe was offered a place in the WSU PhD program in 2008 but
opted to attend the University of Michigan instead.

Dr. Kolbe has never been expelled or forced out from any program.

furthermore, she was not " sent off" after she finished her MSW. Instead, the dean
created a paid research ass istant pos ition for Dr. Kolbe, so that she could stay and
assist professors with research at WSU for another two years. She left that position
voluntarily, two years later. Dr. Kolbe was never fired or expelled.

42. You falsely characterize the use of HURIDOCS, a standardized reporting system
for human rights violations and crime. This tool is a typical tool used for a
household crime and human rights surveys, both in the US and in developing
countries. This is the same process you have used to obtain household level data.
You used the same methods that you are criticizing here. Since 2011 , you have
been hiring some of Dr. Kolbe's enumerators to field much of your research.

43. Because the research process was standard practice, the Lancet editors, and those
they had peer review the paper, correctly had no issue with the data collection
process.

44. You state that Ors. Kolbe and Hutson's point was that "the govenu11ent was doing
this.'' Though you claim they say or argued this, they did not. Further, that was not
their point. As both Ors. Kolbe and [lutson stated in interviews at the time, and is
evident in their arti cle. they were more interested in what the United Nations was
doing in its interactions w ith Haitian citi zens, not the government.

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45. You falsely characterize how the research occurred; that "everyone in the
neighborhood would have known,'' etc. However, that is not accurate. The authors
gave people the option of meeting with them privately for the study interview. This
was stated at the time, in interviews and in the article.

46. You falsely stated that Dr. Kolbe and her co-author did not follow ethical guidelines
from the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO gives multistage interviews as
one option, but as you know, this is not the only option available to collect data on
sensitive topics. In fact, it is apparent from your own work that you do not always
do multistage interviews. The Wayne State University's Institutional Review Board
(lRB) did the ethics review of the proposed study, and decided that one time contact
was the best option to minimize risk, including the risk of psychological distress,
to study patticipants. Drs. Kolbe and Hutson fo llowed the WSU IRB's guidance
which was done in accordance with WHO 's guidance.

4 7. You falsely state that Dr. Ko lbe and her co-author did not comply with the informed
consent process.

48. You falsely state that Dr. Kolbe and her co-author did not give people the option of
being interviewed in private places and away from their home, when in fact they
did thi s and this is reported in the article.

49. You falsely claim that Drs. Kolbe and Hutson did not follow ethical guidelines by
interviewing people under the age of 17. However, as clearly stated in the article,
no one under the age of 18 was interviewed.

50. You fal sely assert that Dr. Kolbe and her co-author did not seek approval or advice
from anyone before conducting the research. Actually, the study protocols and
instrument were reviewed by eight academic researchers external to Wayne State
University (WSU) and four within WSU. lt was also reviewed by the WSU
Institutional Review Board (l RB) and by the staff person at the school of social
work who served as the liaison to the !RB.

In addition, in Haiti , the research protocols and instrument were reviewed by four
researchers/experts, two of whom wrote letters with comments and suggestions.

Drs. Kolbe and Hutson voluntarily went through a fu rther review process by the
Haitian government and secured written permi ss ion from the Haitian government
(led by PM Latortue al the time) to conduct this research. During thi s review
process, they were full y info rmed of Dr. Kolbe's previous work in Haiti as a

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journali st and discussed their concerns about how to guard against potential
respondent bias in U1e data collection process. The Haitian government also
requested that Drs. Kolbe and Hutson add a few survey questions, which they did.
The Haitian government provided Dr. Hutson with a letter authorizing him and Dr.
Kolbe to field the study and later requested copies of the data and preliminary
findings, which. they provided.

During the survey translation and back translation process Drs. Kolbe and Hutson
consulted with academics who focus on Haitian Creole language, including one who
authored one of the largest dictionaries of the Haitian Creole language, and they
devoted more than a month to testing and perfecting the translation of the survey so
that it accurately represented the questions they wanted to ask and the HURIDOCS
classification categories for human rights violations.

51. Your statement is false. On page 2 of the Lancet article, it states "This study was
approved by the Wayne State University Human Investigations Committee." The
Wayne State University Human Investigations Committee is the approved
institutional review board approving the ethical conduct of research for faculty,
staff, and students at WSU. This information is readily available on the internet.

52. Again, you fa lsely state that children were interviewed, when they were not. As
the arti cle states, "The survey was administered to whichever adult household
member present had had the most recent birthday." (emphasis added) An ad ult is a
person over the age of 18.

53. You fa lsely claim that it' s "highly unlikely" that Dr. Kolbe and her co-author
fielded the survey. Dr. Kolbe and her co-author did the smvey. If this matter is
litigated, the University has paper copies of all of the survey instruments as weU as
all electronic fi les associated with the data in storage.

54. Your statement is false. One limitation of survey research is that people are less
likely to di sc lose being sexually assaulted during a face-to-face interview; there's
no ev idence that people are likely to fal sely state they have been raped. In the
article, Drs. Kolbe and lJutson acknowledge this, noting that they probably
undcrcounted the number of sexual assaults because so me people might not want
to tell a stranger that they were raped.

55. The terms "credibility gap" and "suspect history" about Dr. Kolbe are utterly false.
She does not have a "crcdibility gap" or a "suspect history."

56. You fa lsely claim Dr. Ko lbe is an "academic fraudster." Dr. Kolbe has never
committed academic fraud or any fraud.

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57. You falsely state that Dr. Kolbe invented data. This did not occur.

58. You falsely assert that "not a sin gle one" of the people Dr. Kolbe collaborated with
had ever been to Haiti or spoke Haitian Creole. These statements are untrue. For
instance, you collaborated with Dr. Kolbe, and you claim to speak Haitian Creole.
Many of the people Dr. Kolbe collaborated with she met in Haiti. Some are Haitian.
Some are foreigners. Many speak Creole and/or French. Others have learned Creole
since going to Haiti.

59. You falsely state that Dr. Kolbe's personal history is "invented," and then you cite
Wikipedia. Dr. Kolbe did not create the Wikipedia entry about herself. Some of the
information on that page is inaccurate. The on ly time Dr. Kolbe edited the
Wikipedia page about herself was to request that the page itself be taken down and
to report/correct vandalism of the Wikipedia page which was purp01tedly done by
you or someone using the same IP address as you.

60. You falsely claim that the ACLU sued Dr. Kolbe' s school. This is not accurate.
They intervened with phone calls and letters to inform the principal that it was not
permissible to suspend a student for running an underground school paper. There
was no lawsuit. Nor has Dr. Ko lbe ever stated that there was a lawsuit.

61. You falsely state that Dr. Ko lbe left South Pasadena Junior High school before
completing 8th grade. Dr. Kolbe completed 8th grade and then started as a full-time
undergraduate student at California State University, Los Angeles the following
fall.

62. You fa lsely state that Dr. Kolbe was one of the "last people" to get shock treatment
for being homosex ual. That practice, unfortunately, continued for years after Dr.
Kolbe escaped from Rivendell Hospital in Utah in 1992. This was well documented
in news media repo1is at the tim e.

63. You inaccurately state that D r. Kolbe began her journalism career at the age of 18
by working at Pacifica Radio's KPF A. In fact, she began working and publishing
as a journalist before the age of 18, with an internship at the San Francisco
Examiner and the Tenderloin Times. She continued to publish while working at
Paci ric News Service under the editorship of Sandy Close. She did not start at
KPFA then as you wrongly clajm, and in fact did not work in radio until 1994.

64. After summarizing Dr. Kolbe' s adolescent years, you egregiously and falsely state
none of the aforementi oned events happened. As evidence for yo ur false claim that

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events did not occur you deceptively write that "stories of her exploits only exist
on Wikipedia, on line biographies, and chat records that Duff may very well have
written herself. None of these references . . . can be traced to legitimate
publications."

However, the events you describe are very well-documented, which is how the
detai ls were put online in biographies and chat logs and W ikipedia.

For instance, these events and Dr. Kolbe's adolescence were the subject of a 20/20
episode, which aired twice (the second time with an update on Dr. Kolbe' s work in
Haiti). She was on the Oprah show twice, once with her lawyer from the National
Center for Lesbian Rights, discussing these events. There was a made-for-TV
movie produced, based loosely on Dr. Kolbe's story, and a campy gay comedy
entitled "But I' m a cheerleader," which was inspired by Dr. Kolbe's story.

Dr. Kolbe was featured in numerous newspaper and magazine articles at the ti me
of these events including in the San Francisco Examiner (which published a three-
part series on her and other youth being incarcerated in out of state psychiatric
hospitals for being gay), the San Jose Mercury News, and the gay press in a number
of cities. There were books and academic journal articles written about Dr. Kolbe's
legal case and about aspects of what happened to her specifically, as well as to other
children who were victimized at Rivendell hospital.

See, fo r instance:

Abinati, A. (1994). Legal challenges facing lesbian and gay youth. Journal ofGay
& Lesbian Social Services, 1(3-4), 149-169.

Asen, R. (1996). Constructing the objects of our discourse: The welfare wars, the
orphanage, and the silenced welfare mom. Political Communication, 13(3), 293-
307.

Blumenfeld, W. J. Chri stian "Conversion Therapies" & Catholic "Third Way":

Immaculate Deceptions.

Braatz. J. (1996). Uncommon Heroes: A Celebration of Heroes and Role Models

for Gay and Lesbian Americans. Harvard Educational Review, 66(2), 405.

Cruz, D. B . (1998). Controlling desires: Sexual orientation conversion and the

limits of knowledge and law. Southern California Law Review 72, 1297.

Duff. L. (1996). I Was a Teenage Test Case. California Lawyer, 16, 47.

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Goishi, M. A. (1996). Unlocking the closet door: protecting children from

involuntary civil commitment because of their sexual orientation. Hastings Law
Journal, 48, 1137.

J-fearst, A. (1995). Public issues, private lives. Columbia Journalism Review, 34(3),
17-19.

Hicks, K. A. (1999). Reparative therapy: Whether parental attempts to change a

child's sexual orientation can legally constitute child abuse. American University
Law Review, 49, 505.

Holmlund, C. (2005). Generation Q's ABCs. Contemporary American Independent

Film: From the Margins to the Mainstream, 153.

Kemena, B. (2000). Changing homosexual orientation? Considering the evolving

activities of change programs in the United States. Journal ofthe Gay and Lesbian
lvfedical Association, 4(2), 85-93.

Lea[, S. M. (1996). How Voluntary is the Voluntary Commitment of Minors--

Disparities in the Treatment of Children and Adults under New York's Civil
Commitment Law. Brooklyn Law Review, 62, 1687.

Molnar, B. E. (] 997). Juveniles and psychiatric institutionalization: Toward better

due process and treatment review in the United States. Health and human rights,
98- 11 6.

Valentine. S. (2008) . Queer kids: A comprehensive annotated legal bibliography

on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning youth. Gay, Bisexual,
Transgender, and Questioning Youth.

Many of the accounts referenced above describe, in excruciatmg detail, the

circumstances of what happened to Dr. Ko lbe and of her journey from the time she
started corning out as a lesbian and running an underground school paper in the 8th
grade, tlu·ough her late teens and early 20s (what you refer to as her "legacy years").

These news accounts include docrn11ents, quotes, and extensive interviews with
many peop le involved in aspects ofDr. Kolbc 's journey including the lawyers from
the National Center for Lesbian Rights and Legal Services for Children who
represented Dr. Kolbe when she was a child, her social workers, staff and a teacher
from the hospital in Utah where she was treated to change her sexual orientation at
the age of 15 and 16, staff from the homeless youth services programs in San

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Francisco that advocated for her, and the foster family that became her legal
guardians.

Your argument that Dr. Kolbe's current research should be dismissed because you
believe she created a false history, is based on what you falsely claim is a lack of
evidence from reputable sources about these events. However, this stage of Dr.
Kolbe's lik is very well documented.

65. You falsely assert that between the ages of 18-24 Dr. Kolbe had only one full year
of formal education. This is not true. She graduated from college in 2000, at the age
of 24, having spent three years in community college and two years in a four-year
bachelor's degree progrnm.

66. Again, you are holding Dr. Kolbe responsible for content on a Wikipedia page that
she did not create. Dr. Kolbe never claimed to have been a "front line war
correspondent" in each of these countries and Wikipedia does not state thi s. As a
reporter, she covered many topics, most related to children and youth, but other
subjects as well, and a quick search on LexisNex is, as well as a look through the
archives of the wire service and of Pacifica radio, would document the times and
places she traveled and worked, which includes these countries and many others.

67. You claim that Dr. Kolbe did not help found Radyo Timoun. You state she worked
for Rad yo Timoun but was fired. This is not true. As a teenager, Dr. Kolbe worked
with a radio engineer in Berkeley, CA to build a transmitter which she then brought
to Haiti and set up with the help of an electrician on the roof of Lafanmi Sela vi. She
then trained a group of street children to use the radio equipment and conduct live
broadcasts. She continued to offer training and raise money by organizing
fundraisers and writing grants for Radyo Timoun and by organizing opportunities
for Radyo Timoun child journalists to visit the United States for training and to
speak at conferences. She continued this volunteer work with Radyo Timoun
thrnugh 1999. These activities, individually and collectively, can easily be
describing as helping "found" the radio station.

Dr. Kolbe wrote about this experience at the time in the San Francisco Examiner
and discussed it at several conferences, on radio interviews on KQED and KPF A,
and on the radjo prngram Democracy Now. Other ai1icles and media about Radyo
Timoun also mention Dr. Kolbe's role as a youth reporter in working with street
children to start the radio station.

Dr. Kolbe was not an employee of Radyo Timoun nor was she ever fired from
Radyo Tirnoun. ln the footnotes here, you say thal Dr. Kolbe was fired or quit from

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KPFA, but KPFA is not connected to Radyo Timoun in any way, nor was Dr. Kolbe
ever fired from KPF A.

Dr. Kolbe has never been fired from employment.

68. This assertion is without factual basis. The ACLU' s involvement in this matter is
addressed above. Also, the account related to Dr. Kolbe ' s creation of an
underground school newspaper is in the Columbia Journalism Review, as well as
in several books and other forms of media about her life story. See, e.g. Hearst, A.
( 1995). Public issues, private lives. Columbia Journalism Review, 34(3), 17-19.

69. Your statements regarding the Pasad ena High School newspaper are false. You
falsely state that Dr. Kolbe has lied about events in her childhood and that she did
not start an underground school newspaper called "The Tiger C lub" in 1988 . The
evidence you give is that you say you called the Pasadena High School newspaper
and that their name is the Tiger Club and that they were founded in 1913.

This is a lie. The Pasadena High School newspaper is the called the Chronicle and
it has been published since 1915.

The South Pasadena High School newspaper is cal led the Tiger, not the Tiger Club.
The tiger is the school mascot. The name of the underground school paper that Dr.
Kolbe started in 8th grade, was, in fact, the Tiger Club.

70. In this section, you again falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe, changed her n ame to Kolbe.
She did not change her name to Athena Kolbe, as this was the name given to her at
birth.

71. You false ly claim that there is "no evidence" Dr. Kolbe ever had a hyphenated last
name. However, she had a hyphenated last name on fo llowi ng documents as well
as many others, some of which are public. This is a small sampling of the many
documents which list Dr. Kolbe' s hyphenated last name.

a) School transcripts including school yearbooks and a published schoo l photo

directory
b) California State Identification card, issued in 1992, 1994, 1996, and 1998
c) Cal ifornia State driver's license, issued in 1999
d) The California State High School Proficiency Examination certificate from
199 1
e) Academic transcri pts from California State University ( 1990 and 1991), San
Francisco C ity College ( 1992 and 1993), and Laney Co llege (1994- 1999)

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f) RTD student bus pass issued by the Los Angeles Regional Transit District
in 1989, 1990, and 1991
g) Ilo llywood, CA public library card issued in 1990
h) San Francisco public library card issued in 1992
i) OakJand public library card . issued in 1995
j) Driver' s learning permit, issued by the Department of Motor Vehicles in
San Francisco in 1994
k) Listed telephone number in the San Francisco white pages, 1994-2002
1) Social security card
m) Press pass for the Republican National Convention, First Union Center
Philadelphia, issued in 2000
n) State medical insurance identification cards issued while Dr. Kolbe was in
foster care in 1989, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1994 and then Dr. Kolbe' s MediCal
post-foster care benefit cards issued in 1995 and 1996
o) Application to a journalism training program at UC Berkley, 1995
p) Temporary press credentials issued by the Los Angeles Police Department
and press pass for the Democratic National Convention, both issued on
August 11 , 2000
q) KPFA identification card and press passes issued in 1994, 1996, 1998,
2000, and 2002
r) Press access card for Vietnam, issued in 1998
s) Temporary press pass for China, issued in 1997
t) Government Press identification card for Israel from the years l 999-2004
u) Visa application for Brazil in 1998
v) Visa appli cation for travel in India applied for in 1997 and granted in 1998
w) International vaccination card for yellow fever issued in 1998 and again in
2003. which states that Dr. Kolbe is a journalist and her name is "Athena
Duff-Kolbe"
x) School ID for Peralta Community College District, issued in 1995, 1997,
and 1999
y) Bus permit ce11ifying that Dr. Kolbe is a person with a hearing disability,
issued in 2004
z) Dr. Kolbe' s savings account, mutual fund account, and IRA
aa) federal and state i ncome taxes filed 1994 through 2004 (at which point Dr.
Ko]be' s accountant began filing the documents as "Athena Duff-Kolbe"
doing business as "Lyn Duff"; thi s continued through 2009).
bb) A letter of invitation and letter of sponsorship from a local journalism
school for Dr. K.olbe's application for a visa to India in 1997
cc) Temporary press credentials for the White House, issued in 1999
dd) Press pass for th e Republican National Convention held in San Diego,
issued in 1996

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72. Your claim that "no one" ever investigated Dr. Kolbe's early years is a blatant lie.
Dr. Kolbe' s life before the age of 25 was scrutinized by dozens, maybe hundreds,
of journalists, researchers, academics, and government administrators. The
legitimacy of her experiences during these years is already well established.

73. You state that Dr. Kolbe's study published in the Lancet was a case of"questionable
journalistic ethics, if not ouh·ight fraud. " Again, this is false. There is no evidence
of fraud because Drs. Kolbe and Hutson did not commit fraud. Additionally, the
article they wrote was a peer-reviewed academic research article, not a journalistic
piece and thus, there was no "journalistic ethics" issue involved in its publishing.

74. Here you claim that what you are recotmting is " not really about Kolbe/Duff' but
you are in fac t recounting things about Dr. Kolbe.

75. Your entire paragraph is false. Your accusation that Dr. Kolbe opened the door for
criminals is patently false. Ftuther, she is not a pseudo-scho lar. Dr. Kolbe has not
misled or lied to people.

76. You repeat the falsehood that Dr. Kolbe was pushed out of Wayne State University.
This is not true.

77. You falsely state the basis of the critique of your data. Dr. Kolbe and her co-author
said is that it was inconceivable that your data was representative, not because of
who funded it, but because of the methods you employed and that you had described
in publicly available rep01ts.

78. Here you falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues refused to engage in a
discussion with you about death estimates. This is a blatant lie. Not only did Drs.
Muggah an d Kolbe discuss their methodology and findings with you at length in
person. Dr. Kolbe also engaged in a written correspondence with you about this
topic. This written discussion is documented in Mars Lundhal' s 20 13 book "The
Political Economy of Disaster: Destitution, P lunder and Earthquake in Haiti" where
he quotes email correspondence and conversations between Dr. Kolbe and you. Dr.
Kol be provided these emails to Dr. Lundhal with your permission and you also
fo rwarded Dr. Lundhal a number of emails which included correspondence with
Dr. Kolbe about this very issue. Some of that correspondence from you, however,
contradicts statements yo u make here about Dr. Kolbe and her research.

79. You falsely claim. that the referenced study may never have been done, when in
fact it was done.

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80. You inaccurately describe the methodology used by Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues.
Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues interviewed the original respondent or another person
from their house if that person had died. Also, respondents provided data on
themselves and all other household members.

8 l. You have wrongly and clearly misapplied the University of Miami study (about
injuries) to their study, whjch included deaths and injuries related to the earthquake,
and also included deaths and injuries unrelated to the earthquake which happened
in the weeks fo llowing the earthquake. Your statement does not accurately reflect
the relationship of the findings in Dr. Kolbe's publication to the University of
Miami's s urvey findings. Dr. Kolbe and her co-author did not say that children were
more likely to have been i11jured than others, they said that children were more
likely to have died from their injuries. And this is backed up by the other research
as well. Young children and the elderly are more likely to die from certain types of
injuries common with earthquakes.

82. You make a definitive statement premised on your having done 100 surveys in
Haiti, that Dr. Kolbe and her co-author could not have possibly done what they did.
This is a baseless assertion and plainly false.

83. The Kochar quote, from an article publ ished tlu·ee years after Dr. Kolbe's study, is
about comparing differences in recovery rates between children and adults for the
exact same injury. Dr. Kolbe did not do this, as children and adults did not
necessarily have the same kind of injuries. They were not comparing recovery rates
from one uniform type of injury. Your use of this quote is misleading and dishonest.

84. In their study, Dr. Kolbe and colleagues stated that deaths post-quake could not be
easily attributed to the earthquake. You set up a false dichotomy comparing 3%
from the CDC with Dr. Kolbe and colleagues study which repotied 25%, as if 25%
of the people who died, died because of the ea1ihquake. This is not true. 25% of
the sample of dead people (those who were alive in late 2009 but dead in early
20 l 0), died during or after the ea1thquake. Dr. Kolbe and colleagues did not claim
that those people each died from the earthquake, and in fact, they cited specific
examples of people who died from other things, like diarrhea. The 3% figure from
the C DC is a different kind of study, which estimated excess deaths directly
attributable to the emihquake. Your comparison is dishonest.

85. You falsely claim that Ors. Kolbe and Hutson did not follow ethical guidelines and
that chi ldren were interviewed. However, as clearly stated in the article, no children
under the age of J8 were interviewed. Ethical guidelines were carefully followed,
as described in the article, to minimize psychological and social risks to the

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participants including limiting the time spent interviewing, giving the respondent
the option of a private or alternative place to do the interview, and offering to come
back to interview later when the respondent could speak in private.

86. Again, you falsely make an accusation stating that the survey '·dicln 't occur. " This
is not true and there is no evidence to support this assertion.

87. You falsely state that "few to no scholars" cited this study. This is not accurate. The
study was commissioned by the UN Development Program. A number of
international and national actors contributed to the creation of the survey including
the World Bank, the Haitian government, and the UN mission in Haiti. They widely
used the data and it was integrated into (and cited in) the Post-Disaster Needs
Assessment in Haiti. The analysis was also widely cited in the press and in scholarly
publications . A quick google search illustrates that 77 publications cited just one of
the numerous publications using data from this survey in 2010.

88. You falsely claim that Drs. Kolbe and Muggah were "not satisfied" with the
Associated Press coverage of their research and "sensed opporttmity" so they began
publishing their own articles; the example you give is of an op-ed that that was
published in the Guardian. This is a false characterization of how and why Drs.
Kolbe and Muggah wrote this op-ed for the Guardian , which was authored before
the Associated Press article was written.

89. You falsely claim that Drs. Kolbe and Muggah '·never let on" that they had
conducted the research cited in this quote themselves. This is a lie. Drs. Kolbe and
Hutson cited their other previous studies.

90. You falsely claim that Ors. Kolbe and Muggah never "let [sic] on to readers" that
they were citing their own research. This is false. The online version of the op-ed
had a link to the study cited so that when readers clicked on the sentence they were
taken di rectly to the Lancet aiticle which clearly identifies Dr. Kolbe as one of the
authors. The in-text citation was included by Drs. Kolbe and Muggah but was
removed by the New York Times editor prior to publication, however a hypertext
link to tbe study was included.

91 . In this section, you repeat the lie you made previously, that Dr. Kolbe was not an
accomplished journalist at a young age. You claim that she only "fantasi zed" about
being a ''journalist for the world 's most important mainstream media outlets."
Between 1994 and 2000, when Dr. Kolbe was working in print journalism, she was
published in a number of mainstream media outlets including the Washington Post,
the San Franci sco Examiner and other large daily papers. This was not her first
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article in a major daily paper. And it was nol. as you claim, a foray back into
journalism : Dr. Kolbe wrote an opinion piece as a guest writer. something that is
common for academics. Despite that fact that it was published in the Ne-.,,11 York
Times , she did not write a jomnalistic article and she is no longer working as a
journalist, she does not claim to be doing so or want to do so.

92. Your assertion, again, that Dr. Kolbe was terminated from Wayne State University
is false.

93. Your claim that Dr. Kolbe was not in the southern pat1 of Haiti during this week is
false. Incredibly, you know this is the case, because you spoke with Dr. Kolbe via
Skype twice that week. You spoke with the guardian and others at the home you
shared with Dr. Kolbe at that time and they told you she was unavailable to do a
favor for you because she was in the South doing research. You also discussed, at
length. the situation with the woman who was sexually assaulted, who you argued
(at the time) had not been raped, but was just regretting a voluntary sexual
encounter. Your statements about Dr. Kolbe's medical condition and her alleged
limitations are reckless and false.

94. Again, you falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe, and/or Ors. Kolbe and M uggah made up
an event that never occurred. However, it did occur. The New York Times editor
verified the facts before they published the op-ed, including obtaining a copy of the
medical report

95. You assert th at Dr. Ko lbe speaks no French and very little Creole, which is false.
See above.

96. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe and her co-author lied, falsified data, and
"projected" themselves to be a place where they were not. This is not true.

97. Your statement that Dr. Kolbe lied and duped people, The New York Times, and
academic journals is false.

98. Here again. you accuse Dr. Kolbe of ..making up" her research. This is a lie. Dr.
Kolbe has never ·'made up" research data, analysis, or findings.

99. Your title falsely implies that Dr. Kolbe is a liar and that she chose to work in
location where she could not be cal led a liar.

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100. You falsely state that no one did, could, or would check Dr. Kolbe's data. This is
not true. Your own book states that, at least one of Dr. Kolbe' s studies was heavily
checked. You offer zero evidence that no one has or could check her data.

Some of the data Dr. Kolbe has collected is publicly available and is used by others.
For a number of studies, the funders have required checks of the data including
processes by which they accompany the enumerators, interviewing the enumerators
when Dr. Ko lbe and her colleagues are not present about their data co llection
methods, tracking the OPS coordinates and locations of the interviewers while they
are in the field, and a number of other methods to assure that data collection happens
as planned and that data is accmate. These methods have been described in previous
studies as well. You have zero firsthand experience or knowledge to say that Dr.
Kolbe's data was not been checked by others.

101. Dr. Kolbe has never fabricated data. This is a lie.

l 02. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe coll ected data which was either not verifiable or
that she did not verify the data. The steps used to verify data were clearly outlined
in a m1mber of Dr. Kolbe's publications, as were the steps that were used during
fielding to assure accurate data co llection while protecting the rights of human
rights victims. To state that "no one checks the survey" is false .

I 03. You falsely state that none of Dr. Kolbe's colleagues speak Haitian Creole or know
her enumerators. This is not true. Many of her colleagues speak Haitian Creole and
her enumerators are known by each other, by the rest of the research team. Further,
you actually know some of them, because you hired some of them to be
enumerators for your own surveys. Many of the enumerators have worked on
projects for other researchers, including some who are living and working in Haiti
full-time.

l 04. You have falsely stated that human rights priorities dictate that researchers cannot
divul ge informant' s names. This is a clear and intentional misrepresentation, as is
your assertion that every survey begins with a promise that the person' s name will
be kept secret is not true. Some surveys begin this way, but not all surveys are
anonymous and confidential. In fact, for some of the surveys Dr. Kolbe performed,
she required contact information including names and phone numbers in addition
to addresses or the OPS coordinates of the individual' s home. In fact, the one study
you worked on for the World Food Program for which Dr. Kolbe was the primary
investigator included collection of the respondents' names and national identity
numbers. You are intentionally misrepresenting Dr. Kolbe 's work. Researchers
may or may not divulge names depending on the circumstances and what has been

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dictated by the IRB. Dr. Kolbe conforms to the standards required by the funders
and the university employing her.

105. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe has "transformed" back to being a journalist. She
is not a journalist any more, nor has she claimed such.

106. Dr. Kolbe·s data is not bogus, shoddy, and manipulated.

107. Your statement that Dr. Kolbe is the "sole owner" and "chancellor" ofETS is false.
As you know, you and Dr. Kolbe co-directed ETS when it was first founded.
Following your resignation in 20 13, Marie Puccio became a co-director. Dr. Kolbe
has never been the sole owner or sole chancellor of ETS, nor has she ever been a
chancellor. Her title is the Director of Social Work Education.

I 08. You claim that Dr. Kolbe "cleverly crafted" the description of the ETS as a
"internationally supported degree granting institution" . However, this wording was
written by you, not by Dr. Kolbe, in a proposal for the creation of ETS that you
submitted to a potential collaborator.

109. Here you claim that Dr. Kolbe "associated" ETS with the University of Michigan
('"U or M''), and that during the first year most students believed that they were
attending U of M. During this time, you were the co-director of ETS and thus
equally responsible for conummicating to students. In any event, Dr. Kolbe never
misrepresented the relationship of ETS to U ofM and certainly never told students
they were attending U of Mor earning a degree from U ofM. She is not responsible
for any misrepresentation by you. Dr. Kolbe is grateful for the support that U of
M' s School of Social Work dean and faculty gave in the creation of ETS but she
has never misrepresented a relationship that did not exist. In fact, some students
have stated that you were the one who told them that the program was paii of U of
M and one provided an email where you made this statement. There is no evidence
that Dr. Kolbe ever stated this and there are many years of emails, statements, and
letters to students and others in which Dr. Kolbe continually corrected your
misrepresentations about her, ETS, and U of M.

110. You falsely state Dr. Kolbe wrote/said that the course of study at ETS is a
prerequisite to "becoming 'licensed social workers."' You put ' licensed social
workers· in quotes as if you were quoting Dr. Kolbe, however, this is not a quote.
There is not Ii censure of social workers in Haiti, thus, the program of study at ETS
does not result in a social work license in Haiti. The ETS program of study does,
however. prepare students for some aspects of social work Ii censure in the United
States, should they choose to obtain a social work license abroad.

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111 . Your statement in this portion of the text is also false. There are only a handful of
students who have work/study scholarships. As you know, your statements about
the tuition costs, scholarships, and who scholarships were offered to, are also false.

11 2. Your statement that people were "fooled" is groundless. You have no evidence to
support this statement.

] 13 . You falsely state that "U.S. researchers came to the school and paid Kolbe/Duff for
room, board [sic] and Kreyol lessons given ay the unpaid student teachers. " No one
has ever paid Dr. Kolbe for room/board in Haiti or Creole lessons. The Creole
Language Program is operated by ETS and has never been directed by Dr. Kolbe.

Furthermore, you falsely claim that Creole classes are taught by " unpaid student
teachers." Creole instructors are paid and receive a salary which is substantially
higher than the average salary for teachers. Creole language instructors also receive
housing, partial board, paid training, paid vacations, health insurance, and/or a
tuition waiver, in addition to their salary

114. You falsely state the credentials of the faculty at ETS. All academic classes at ETS
are taught by a professor who has a graduate degTee in his/her field of academic
study. Social work practice classes are taught by people who have an MSW plus two
years of post-MSW practice experience. The only classes which might be taught by
someone who does not have a Masters' degree are basic computer and typing
classes, or beginning level English language classes, though such classes do not
fulfill degree requirements at ETS and are offered for professional development
purposes only. Many ETS professors have PhDs and all academic classes which
count towards the degree programs are taught by people with a Master's Degree or
higher. ETS does not discriminate against Haitian facu lty; qualified Haitian faculty
arc also welcomed to teach at ETS.

11 5. There is no licensme of universities in Haiti. Nor is there a body in the United

States which licensed universities located in Haiti.

116. You falsel y state that Dr. Kolbe has no association with Haitian academics. This is
not true and you lack evidence to support this assertion.

117. Your assertion that Sergio Balistra obtained his PhD from the State University of
Haiti is not true. He was a research assistant on a project at the State University of
·Haiti . However, he obtained his PhD elsewhere. Neither he nor Dr. Kolbe has not
ever claimed otherwise.

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11 8. You lack any foundation to claim that Dr. Kolbe's co lleagues did not ever met
Sergio J3alistra. As you know, you did not know Dr. Kolbe during the relevant time
period. Nor did you know the people Dr. Kolbe worked with during this time. Nor
have you spoken to "everyone" about Mr. Balist:ra.

119. You falsely claim that "since transfonning herself into a scholar" Dr. Kolbe had no
connections with Haitian academics except for one person who you claim does not
exist. However, this is false. You have no evidence or information on what
connections Dr. Kolbe did or did not have then or what connections she has now.
As an active member of the Haitian Studies Assoc iation she has long standing
relationships with a number of Haitian academics. Your statement is simply false.

120. You claim that in 2013 , students at EIS "began to realize" that the school had "no
accreditation inside or outside of Haiti." This is a false statement on several levels.
First, there is no accreditation process for universities in Haiti , there is only a
vohmtary process of recognition by the Ministry of Education. There is no body
which accredits schools of social work in Haiti. Therefore, it would be impossible
for ETS, or any other school of social work (including the Haitian State
U ni versity"s school of social work) to have obtained accreditation.

Secondly. your statement is false because you claim that students "began to realize"
- there was no process of realization which took place because students were
always fully informed with regular communication from the ETS faculty about the
process of government recognition in Haiti and where EIS was in that process .

12 1. You falsely claim that in January 2014, ETS students wrote to a University of
Michigan dean, Laura Lein to complain. This is entirely fal se. No letter or email
was written or received by Dr. Lein as you have desc ribed.

In October of 1994, a woman who had dropped out of EI S after failing her first
semester of classes, who was at the time employed by you, wrote (purportedly at
your behest) an unsigned email from a newly created anonymous email address sent
from an lP address that was also used by some of your employees. However, this
person was not a student at EIS and had not been for some time.

122. Your assertion that Dr. Kolbe retroactively increased tuition is false. N one of the
ETS facul ty, including Dr. Kol be, or anyone else, ever retroactively increased
tuition for ETS students. The tuition for ETS has never changed since the day that
the degree program was opened by you and Dr. Kolbe.

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123. This is a blatant lie. No one was expelled from ETS for not being able to pay their
bill. Students were given payment plans starting their first term and some students
took time off and then returned when they could pay their bi ll. No one " lost" their
cred its. ff a student earned the credits then they have credit for the classes they took.

124. This is yet another example of a lie that you told at the time and which you have
now put in print. At that point, the degree program at ETS had only been open for
two years, not three, so this is not accmate. Also, since you claim that Dr. Kolbe
retroactively increased the annual tuition by $100 USO, this would only be $200
that students who started in 2012 would have to pay, not $900. However, even with
your math errors, the statement is still false. No student was told retroactively to
pay more tuition.

125. Again, this is a false accusation. No student has ever lost credits for courses that
they took and passed at ETS. The only way a student can " lose credits" is by failing
a course.

126. You claim that 29 students "challenged" Dr. Kolbe by refusing to pay their tuition
and writing a letter to the US embassy to complain about Dr. Kolbe. This is false.
No such events ever took place.

127. Herc you false ly state that the US Embassy did not respond to the "challenge" of
29 students, but that Dr. Kolbe did. This is false. Dr. Kolbe did not respond to any
such events because these events did not occur.

128. The email that you quote appears to have been altered by you or someone else after
it was received by Professor Puccio. This is not the email that was received by
Professor Puccio.

Additionally. yo11 falsely state that the letter was "inadvertently circulated to the
entire student body." This is again, false. It was a private emai l sent to Professor
Puccio which was stolen by an employee of your colleague, Erika Childs. Ms.
Child's employee hacked Professor Puccio's email account, forwarded this and
other emails to ETS students, to Ms. Childs, and to your employee, Keely Brookes,
who both then disseminated them widely despite being told by Professor Puccio of
this theft from her email account. This was a private email obtained through illegal
hacking, not one that was sent publicly as you falsely imply. It was not shared with
ETS students by Professor Puccio or Dr. Kolbe, nor was the content something that
they themselves endorsed.

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129. Your statement that "students" recanted allegations is false because no student
made allegations and thus, no student recanted the said aJlegations. The allegations
to which you refer were made by yom employee, who was not an ETS student.

130. Yo u falsely claim that students asked Dr. Kolbe for a meeting with Jennifer. No
student ever asked Dr. Kolbe or anyone else in the ETS administration for a
meeting, face-to-face or otherwise, with Jennifer Balistra. The only person who
requested a meeting was your employee, Keely Brookes, who then did not show up
for the meeting. You also falsely state that Dr. Kolbe told students that Jennifer
Balistra was sick and therefore unable to meet. This is a lie. Dr. Kolbe never made
these statements and students who wanted a meeting with her could have asked her
directly.

131. Your statement that Dr. Kolbe has claimed that Jennifer was paraplegic or
introvctted is false.

132. Your statement here is false. Jennifer's Facebook page had a lot of photos of her
baby, vacation photos, and photographs of events. Her page included photos of ETS
students in a group photo of her Creole class, which included some ETS students
in it because they were Creole instructors.

133. Herc again, you repott events and details that did not occur and which are not true.
Jennifer Balistra's accounts for gmail, google for classroom, and the Schoology
learning management system were created by your daughter, Almathe Jean, who
set up the account at the request of Professor Puccio, a standard practice for new
students and faculty members at ETS. Ms. Jean, who left ETS several weeks before
the events you are recounting occurred, created a password for this gmail account
(the password was not changed until late 20 14). lf an incorrect photo was used, or
if Jennifer's actual photo was replaced, it was by your daughter Almathe, a
disgruntled former employee of ETS or by someone with whom your daughter
shared the login information

Furthermore, you claim that "tech-savvy students popped the picture into Tineye"
and discovered it was a cropped stock photo. However, this is also not true. It was
done by you, not a student, and then you told others, including some ETS faculty
members and your daughter about it, and they then shared the what you had done
with others.

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134. No ETS students ever told Dr. Kolbe or anyone else at ETS that they thought
Jennifer did not exist. This accusation originated with you and is has never been
discussed by any ETS student (current or former) with Dr. Kolbe. Furthermore, you
fal se ly claim tbat somehow in response to this accusation being made to Dr. Kolbe,
that Jenni fer Bali stra's Facebook and Google accounts were "gone the next day."
This is again false. Her Facebook and Google accounts were still active as recently
as late 2015.

135. Agai n, you claim that Jennifer Balistra does not exist. She does and this accusation
is false. There is no evidence to support your accusation other than your lies and a
Gmail account registered in Jennifer Balistra's name to which you had access
th rough your daughter.

136. Here you falsely claim that in reaction to some events which never occtm-ed (a
fictional complaint made to the Ministry of Education) ("MOE"), that Dr. Kolbe
then began to work on getting official recognition for ETS. Again, this is lie. There
was no complaint by ETS students to the MOE so no action was taken in response
to events which did not occur. Furthermore, you know that Dr. Ko lbe and you both
began the process of official recognition in the beginning of 20 12, when ETS first
began offering a degree program. Lastly, since there was never any complaint by
students to the MOE, the ministry never intervened nor did anyone fear that they
would do so.

13 7. Your narrative is full of lies. First, Dr. Kolbe and the ETS leadership team first
submitted a request for recognition to MOE in 20 12, the year the degree-granting
programs were created, not in 20 14 as you claim. Second, this request was not done
in response to student concerns. It was filed during the first term ETS was opened,
while you were still a director at ETS and before you started creating concerns for
the students by lying to them about Dr. Kolbe and encouragi ng them to drop out of
school. Third, ETS has never been run by a board. Fou11h, the director of ETS is
Haitian and Dr. Kolbe and Professor Puccio (who are US citizens) are members of
the leadership team but are under the leadership of a Haitian director. Fifth, the
leadership team has never included any other "University of Michigan graduate
students.'' There has always been a Haitian on the leadership team.

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138. You write "Kolbe would soon learn that foreigners could not get a license to open
a private University [sic] in Haiti." This is false. Several universities in Haiti have
been opened by foreigners including one which was opened the same year as ETS,
whose director was also an American PhD candidate in the United States at the
time. Furthermore, there is no "license" needed to open a university, there is only a
voluntary process of recognition by MOE.

139. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe "learned" that only someone with a PhD could
open a university. This is not true. Dr. Kolbe did not learn this as this is not true.

140. You falsely wri te that a graduate student in the United States came to you with
information about the name of the ETS director. This is a lie. The person who told
you is not a graduate student nor does that person live in the United States.
Secondly. it appears that you deliberately misspelled the name the ETS director,
"Sophonic," whose name is neither suspicious nor ft.mny.

141. ln this section, you false ly state that Dr. Kolbe has produced "shoddy" data and is
"preying on impoverished Haitians." Neither of these accusations are true.

142. You falsely stated that Dr. Kolbe "twice claimed and provided evidence for a
Haitian rape epidemic more severe than any known on earth at the time." This is
not true. There were other conflicts with much higher rates of sexual assault than
those in Haiti.

143. In thi s section, you accuse Dr. Kolbe of giving a firsthand accow1t of helping a rape
victim for which you claim she was not present. This accusation is false. Dr. Kolbe
was present, and you know that she was because she discussed this with you at
length at that time. Your response at the time was to summarily dismiss the report
the enumerator made of rape. In fact, you responded by advising Dr. Kolbe not to
take action because the woman who was raped likely "f -eked him and then
regretted it." You then gave Dr. Kolbe an example of a time you yourself had been
accused of a rape which you claimed you did not commit.

144. You falsely claim that ETS is a "gatekeeper" for research. ETS bas no say in
whether people conduct research in Haiti, nor has the leadership of ETS, including
Dr. Kolbe, ever attempted to do so.

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145. You stale that Dr. Kolbe "positioned" ETS to the "status of research gatekeeper"
by means of a sitting on an ethical review board. Then you falsely claim this board
approved research that Dr. Kolbe did which would not have been approved in the
United States. This is false. First, the ethical research committee at ETS did not
exist in 2006, 2009, or 2010, the three years during which studies were conducted.
Secondly. all tlu·ee of these studies were approved by the institutional review boards
of the universities with which Dr. Kolbe was affiliated at the time: Wayne State
University in 2006 and the University of Michigan in 2009 and 201 0. Third, there
are several ethical review boards in Haiti that primarily review and act as
gatekeepers for foreign researchers; the Ethical Research Committee (ERC) at ETS
is not one of them. The ERC at ETS primarily reviews research proposals by ETS
students, not foreigners.

146. ETS is not a "fake" university.

147. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe sits on a board which has power to filter other
people 's research in Haiti. Dr. Kolbe is not and never has been on a board which
does this, nor is this the role of the ethical review board at ETS which primarily
reviews and provides feedback on student research proposals.

148. You fal sely claim that four foreign researchers and graduate students wrote letters
of complaint to the University of Michigan School of Social Work. This is not true.
Two letters were sent, one from you, and one from your employee, Keely Brookes,
co-signed by your daughter' s then-roo1mnate, Erika Childs.

149. You falsely claim that "none" of the two letters was responded to. This is not true.
A representative of the University of Michigan School of Social Work spoke at
length to your employee, Keely Brookes, about the content of her letter. Not finding
the complaints credible is not the same as not responding to them.

150. Your assertion that Dr. Kolbe lied to people or financially exploited them is false.

15 1. You fa lsely stated that Dr. Kolbe has been accused of provid ing substandard
educati on. In fact, Dr. Ko lbe has never been accused of substandard teaching. She
has received very high student evaluations of her teaching both in Haiti and in the
United States.

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Endnotes

152. You claim that Drs. Kolbe and Hutson did not say how they defined rape. This is
not true. They were very clear about how rape and sexual assault were defined in
all pub] ished reports. In fact, you criticize this earlier in your book and also quoted
from the portion of the study which defined rape. Ors. Kolbe and Hutson used the
HURlDOCS standardized classifications for defining sexual assaults and
differentiated between assaults which included penetration with penis, fingers, or
other objects, forced oral sex, unwanted sexual touching, and other actions. This
was clearly stated in the article.

153. Here you falsely state that two different reports, written at different times and for
different audiences, were actually the same report.

154. You inaccurately state that Dr. Kolbe and colleagues' research found something
that they did not find. You are attempting to reinterpret their findings but clearly
lack the statistical skills to so. Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues never said that rate of
sexual assault would hold or that 7% of all women would be sexually assaulted in
a one-year period. This is something that you claimed, and then falsely attributed
to Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues.

155. Here you falsely state that the six other authors on the paper yo u described are
university professors. This is not true nor has anyone ever claimed this was the case.

156. This is false. Ors. Kolbe and colleagues never put the percentage of people who
were sex ually assaulted at ;3% of those sampled or 6% of all females. This
typographical enor was made by someone else and was corrected before
publication and in all circulated copies of the article.

157. This is a fal se representation of Dr. Kolbe and colleagues' research. They never
conducted a study which interviewed people once and tJ1en again four years later
and found that five of 29 people who reported a sexual assault in the first survey
reported another sexual assault in the second survey. You again appear to have
in vented information.

158. Here again you falsely claim Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues did not conduct the
survey whi ch they fielded.

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159 . You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe issued a tlu·eat of violence. You also ath·ibute this
to an emotional response which Dr. Kolbe did not express or feel. Dr. Kolbe did
not advocate for or against violence in this instance; she was assigned a story by
her producer, conducted the interview, and then an editor transcribed the interview,
chose the title, and di stributed it without Dr. Kolbe being involved or even being
info rmed of such. Dr. Kolbe' s motivation in conducting the interview was to fulfill
her j ob as a journali st; she is not responsible for the statements made by those whom
she interviewed and she has not publicly expressed agreement or di sagreement with
such statements.

160. You appear to have made up most of the content of this narrative. Dr. Kolbe never
claimed that such British people were battling each other and reaching across the
Atlantic to harass her and Dr. Hutson. Nor is there any mention in the atticles or
statements made by Dr. Kolbe of Scotland Yard or individuals being " sophisticate d
enough" to evade Scotland Yard.

161 . Here you fa lsely claim that Dr. Kolbe told the Institutiona l Review Board one thing
and then did another. This is not true. Everything that was reported to the IRB was
done and everything that was clone was reported to the JRB.

162. You use tbis footnote as evidence of a fal se statement you made earlier that Dr.
Kolbe was "fired" from Radyo Timow1. You then seek to cast doubt on whether
the events described in this section ever took place. The events as described by Dr.
Kol be are accurate. Dr. Kolbe resigned from KPF A in 1997 in the midst of a heated
union-man agement conflict over contract renewals. She was asked several times to
return and later did so.

163 . This footnote follows a section of your book in which you falsely claim that Dr.
Kolbc' s early life story is not true and that thus, her research as an adult in Haiti
should be d ismissed. You further try to cast doubt on Dr. Kolbe's integrity by
saying that she may have been the person to have written these comments OT posts
and put them online. However, Dr. Kolbe did not write the posts or comments
which you have referenced .

164. Dr. Kolbe did not post her resignation letter from KPF/\. online. It was posted by
Lyn Gerry (who is not, as you implied, a person created by Dr. Kolbe). Nor did Dr.

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Kolbe make this post from Mark S. Bilk, a person she does not know. He was
apparently aware that Dr. Kolbe was a torture survivor because of the extensive
press coverage of her story and the story of other gay youths forcibly subjected to
aversion therapy at the time.

Furthermore, you put the term "tortured" in quotes to imply that Dr. Kolbe was not
t011ured . In fact, she was, and this is well documented despite your baseless
assertions that such events never took place.

165. This fo llows a section in which you claim that Athena Kolbe is not Dr. Kolbe's real
name. In fact, this is Dr. Kolbe's name which she was given at birth by her parents.

166. You falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe never used her hyphenated name prior to 2006.
However, this name, Athena Lyn Duff-Kolbe appears on numerous documents and
is easily found in a number of sources. It is the full name used in the court records
for her guardianship and associated hearings to prevent her from being subjected to
further anti-gay to1ture in 1992. This form of Dr. Kolbe's name appears in a number
of places during the 1980s and 1990s as previously mentioned.

167. You accuse Dr. Kolbe and her colleagues of referring to themselves as a "team of
North American researchers" as an " academic slight" of your team. This is false.
And, it is impossible, since Dr. Kolbe and her team completed and published their
research, describing it as such, long before you did and therefore did not know that
in the future you would decide to conduct a similar study.

168. Here you falsely claim a conspiracy took place where a woman that Dr. Kolbe has
never met, Amy Wilentz, who had strong opinions about the earthquake death to ll
influenced her husband, a man you say is an editor at the Los Angeles Times who
happens to edit the opinion editorial page, to solicit or accept an editorial by Drs.
Kolbe and Muggah which casts your research in a negative light.

Thi s is a false narrative of what took place. Drs. Kolbe and Muggah do not know
Ms. Wilcntz and they did not work with a male editor in the submission and
approval of their editorial, so it would not be possible that they worked with Ms.
Wilentz's husband. When their editorial was published it was a female editor, who
has no relationship to Ms. W ilentz, who accepted and edited their piece.

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This op-ed was submitted to several newspapers and the authors made the decision
to have it published with the Los Angeles Times.

169. Here you give a long narrative falsely claiming that Dr. Kolbe does not speak
Creo le or French. You fu11her state that Glen Smucker corroborated this. However,
either yo u have lied or Dr. Smucker lied. Dr. Smucker has never spoken with Dr.
Kolbe in Creole; they had lunch and only spoke English during the lunch, as they
are both English speakers. He would have had no context for evaluating whether or
not Dr. Kolbe speaks Creole. You claim she is not functionally fluent in Creole and
that she has never systematically tried to learn Creole or French. However, these
are all li es. You have previously affirmed that Dr. Kolbe is fluent in Haitian Creole.

170. Dr. Kolbe does not offer Creole language courses to foreigners. These classes are
offered by ETS. Dr. Kolbe does not direct the Creole language program and has
no role in the program's leadership or day-to-day functions.

171 . You state that Dr. Kolbe has been living and working in Haiti for 27 years. This is
not accurate.

172. Again, here you have made false statements about research that Dr. Kolbe
conducted and its findings. You have never seen the complete WFP dataset as it is
proprietary and it was not given to you. The pai1 of the data you had access to was
the portion you co ll ected. However, your data had to be deleted from the dataset
as you did not follow the study protocols for sampling. Further, this was a study of
program participants and beneficiaries, not the general public. Thus, the results
cannot be generalized to the population as a whole.

173 . Again, here you falsely accuse Dr. Kolbe of not producing credible research.
However, the only evidence you produce for this is false or based on your own poor
statistical skills and misinterpretation of statistics.

174. This narrative of your initial contact with Dr. Kolbe is far from the truth. You were
hired and paid by the WFP, not by Dr. Kolbe or her colleagues, or the University
of Michigan as you have fa lsely claimed on your CV. Dr. Kolbe never offered you
$ I 0,000 cash to do a one-week survey. Dr. Kolbe never hired, paid, or employed
you. And your " work" was never used in this study though you may have still been
paid. You refused to fo llow the survey fielding protocols and the data you collected

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had to be recollected by others who actually followed the sampling procedures

correctly.

175. You continue your false naffative with another lie, claiming that after Ors. Muggah
and Kolbe published the op-ed in the Los Angeles Times criticizing your research,
that Dr. Kolbe then initiated contact with you. Thi s is, of course, not true. A copy
of your ema i I to her, sent on June 16, 20 11 , is be! ow:

From: Tim Schwartz [mailto:[email protected]]

Sent: Thursday, June 16, 20 11 8:33 PM
To: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Subject: haiti , surveys

Athena,
I'm not sure where to begin.
I've been meaning to get in touch with you for several weeks now.
As fate would J1ave it, when the controversy over the death count began I had just
finished looking over your Lancet article. I had fallen into the same trap that so many
people must have fallen into. I had read some reference to you being a rabid Artistide
pa11isan, implying that the survey was inflated to suit your politics, and so I didn't take it
seriously. So--this is the fate part--as I was realizing what an error I made, I was
unwittingly already in the process of getting the same sort of discrediting response to my
work ....
Just thought I would share that.
What l was hoping to discuss with you is some of the details of the 'Lancet survey'--as
everyone now refers to it--and some of your other work.
Just so you know where I am coming from here, the Lancet survey sounds well done. It's
clear you knew/kno w what you're doing. And the results make perfect sense to me. It
certainly corroborates what all of us who are familiar with Haiti at that time would have
expected in terms of numbers. I plan on referring to it a chapter i am writing for a book
and so that's why I am hoping to get some more clarifications.
Hope that you will find time to respond.
Tim
Timothy T Schwartz (PhD)

176. This is a bizarre narrative of events that is clearly false and bears no resemblance
to the facts. which are clearly documented in emails between you and Dr. Kolbe.
You engaged in a lengthy email and in-person discussion of the results, during
which it became very clear to Dr. Kolbe that you lacked the statistical skills to full y

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understand or discuss the research process in which she was engaged. However, the
discussion, including the emails between you and Dr. Kolbe, is quoted in a book
titled The Political Economy of Disaster: Destitution, Plunder and Earthquake in
Haili.

177. This narrative of events is false and you appear to have made up the events you say
took place. These conversations and interactions did not occur. The survey
instrument and translation for this particular study was provided by WFP and Mr.
Noel did not play the role in it that you have described. Nor did Mr. Noel disappear
for months.

178. Here again you fa lsely claim that Dr. Kolbe does not read Creole. You add to that
accusation that Mr. Noel, w ho was at the time a university student, was illiterate.
These are both false statements.

179. You falsely stated that Dr. Kolbe "discovered" this case and that it occurred during
the fi elding of this study, and you follow that up with saying it somehow impacted
the fielding of this study. However, this is a false representation of events. Events
did not occur in that order, at that time, and in the way in which you have portrayed
them. Furthermore, you claim that Dr. Kolbe used an appeal to emotion to distract
from the creditability of her research; this is also false since the events did not occur
as you have described, there was no question about the credibility of Dr. Kolbe's
research, nor was there a distraction from the non-existent question of credibility.

180. This is another false narrative of events. The WFP survey instrument for this study
was provided by the WFP and translated by them. The final instrument including
translations and back translations was checked and finalized by the WFP. There
was no radical modificati on based on you being hired or after you were hired. You
are referring to a m inor event when the wrong copy of a survey was photocopied
and the rcsemch team returned to the office to collect the correct copy.

181. Yo u falsely claim that the events you described, which did not occur as you
described Lhem, resulted in this survey "melti ng down" or beingseen as not
important, or being pushed aside. This is false. Since the events did not occur as
yo u have described them there was not subsequent melt down or change in priorities
or importance regarding this survey.

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182. Here you describe a series of events that never occurred. You did not work on a
study which also involved Dr. Hutson. Dr. Hutson never flew to Haiti and never
refused to meet w ith Byron Poncesgura. Since these events did not happen, Mr.
Poncesgura was not "furious" for being "shirked." Dr. Kolbe was the lead
investigator on the study which you worked on, not Dr. Hutson. You did not get to
meet Dr. Hutson because he was not there, these events that you claim happened
did not occur. Dr. Hutson never hung up on anyone when talking about surveys for
this study nor was he upset about surveys in this study since he was not involved in
thi s study in any way. You were not hired as, nor did you work as, a "field director"
for this study. This study was not "a mess" nor was it " bogus." There was extensive
follow-up by and with WFP regarding this study for more than a year afterwards.

183 . You claim that Je1mifer Balistra was an administrator at ETS. She was not. She was
a volunteer instructor.

184. There is no position at ETS called "head of staff' nor has a 27-year-old high-school
educated Haitian woman been in a supervisory position at ETS. You are referring
to your daughter, Almathe Jean, who was an admin istrative assistant and
receptionist at ETS. She was not a head of staff.

185 . You claim that Jennifer Balistra "first appeared" in February 2014 in response to
an accusation of unwanted sexual advances by Kolbe . This is false. Firstly, at this
point Jenni fer Balistra, had volunteered off and on at ETS for more than a year and
completed a Creole language program at ETS, to which you had initially referred
her. Secondly, Dr. Kolbe never made sexual advances towards your daughter,
Alma the Jean , who you refer to here as a "27-year-old hi gh-school educated Haitian
woman'' nor was she ever accused of having done so.

Ms. Jean did not complain to a "US Doctoral student" from the University of
Michigan or from any another tmiversity, nor was such as person (a doctoral student
from Michigan) " newly signed on" as an admini strator fo r ETS. You then include
the as evidence an email you present as being sent from Jennifer Balistra to this
" U.S. doctoral student" who supposedly was from the University of Michigan.
I lowevcr, the tex t you present has been altered by you or someone else.
Furthermore, the person to whom this email was sent has never been a doctoral
student and nor has this person ever been affi liated with the University of Michigan.

{H0470250.l l
HERTZ SCHRAMPC
July 24, 20 I 7
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 38

The US doctoral student from the University of Michigan who was at ETS at the
time that Ms. Jean resigned from her position was another person entirely and this
person did not receive any complaints from Ms. Jean nor was she the recipient of
this email in either its original or in this, its altered form.

186. You have misrepresented the content, context, and the circumstances under which
this email was written, why, and how it was received. Fu11hermore, the version you
have published has been altered from the original version that Professor Puccio
received.

187. Dr. Kol be is not and does not claim to be a " longstanding emineJ1t scholarly
authority on Haiti." Nor is she the chancellor of ETS. ETS does not have a
Chancellor. Dr. Kolbe is the Director of Social Work Education under the
leadership of the university director and as a member of the leadership team. Dr.
Kolbe has never "cowed" foreign academics.

188. Here you falsely claim that graduate students had complained about ETS and/or Dr.
Kolbe. Thi s is fal se. No graduate student has complained about ETS or Dr. Kolbe
in her role at ETS to the University of Michigan, to ETS, or to anyone else
associated w ith ETS. The two individuals you referenced as having been graduate
students (your employee, Ms. Brookes, and her friend/roommate Ms. Childs, are
not graduate students and were not graduate students at any time during their tenure
with ETS.

189. Here you again, falsely claim that Dr. Kolbe is not fluent in Haitian Creole though
you yourself have ce11ified several times that she is fl uent in Creole.

190. You claim that Dr. Kolbe is unqualified to "weigh" in on academic research topics
in Haiti, which you describe as being "far afield from her own supposed expertise
as food security." Dr. Kolbe has extensive training and experience including with
research. teaching, and social work interventions in the areas you mention. These
experiences, such as a doctoral degree, various master' s degrees, years of work
experience in social work, and other experiences, both inside and outside of Haiti,
qualify her to weigh in on the various subjects yo u mention.

191. Yo u fal sely claim that Dr. Kolbe' s data has never been vetted. This is not true.

IH0470250.I)
HERTZSCHRAMPC
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 39

Pursuant to MCL 600.2911(2)(b), you are hereby requested to immediately, but no later than
5 p.m. EST one week from the date of this letter, publish retraction s in the following manner
and take the followin g actions:

1. You arc hereby requested to immediately cease and desist selling and/or
distributing your book as it is currently published. This must occur no later than
one week from the date of this letter.

2. Publi sh a retraction in bold print on the Create Space website about the book which
states ''The first version of this book contained numerous false and defamatory
statements by the author about the work, research, life, and activities of Dr. Athena
R. Kolbe. ln addition, the author made many other false and defamatory statements
about Enstiti Travay Sosyal akSyans Sosyal (the Institute of Social Work and Social
Science) in Haiti, and about individuals associated with this organization. The
author apologizes for the damage this caused to the reputations of people, especially
to Dr. Kolbe, and to organizations and individuals in Haiti." This statement must
be included in any future versions of your book and should remain prominently
displayed on the website for as long as this book is offered for sale. You must also
immediately make a formal request to Amazon.com to update its description of
your book to include the above statement.

3. You must also publish a retraction in bold print on the homepage of your own
website: tirnotuck.com, which reads "Recently I wrote a book entitled The Great
Haiti J-lumanitarian Aid Swindle . This book included nearly 200 false and
defamatory statements about research on and in Haiti and those who conduct such
research. ln particular, the book included many false and defamatory statements
about the work, research, life, and activities of Dr. Athena R. Kolbe, her colleagues,
and organizations with which she has served. As the author, I apologize to Dr.
Kolbe and regret the damage these false statements may have caused to the
reputations of people and organizations who are working to improve well-being
and access to education in Haiti."

4. You must distribute by email and/or postal mail in bold print, a statement to all
purchasers or online borrowers of either the electronic version of your book or the
hard copy version of your book which reads "Recently you purchased, borrowed,
or read online a book entitled The Great Haiti Humanitarian Aid Swindle. This
book included nearly 200 false and defamatory statements about research on and in
Haiti and those who conduct such research. In particular, the book included many
fal se and defamatory statements about the work, research, life, and activities of Dr.
Athena R. Kolbe, her colleagues, and organizations with which she has served. The
author apologies and regrets the damage these false statements may have caused to

lH0470250.l)
HERTZSCHRAI\APC
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 40

the reputati ons of people and organizations who are working to improve well-being
and access to education in Haiti."

5. Further, al l false and defamatory statements must be removed from your book
before it is offered again for sale or dish·ibution.

A copy of all retractions sent and/or published must be sent to Patricia Stamler via
first class mail and via email at [email protected]. FAILURE TO PUBLISH A
RETRACTION CONSISTENT WITH THE STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS WILL
ENTITLE MY CLIENT TO OBTAIN ACTUAL DAMAGES AND TO SEEK
EXEMPLARY DAMAGES.

This letter has been copied to Amazon.com, On-Demand Publishing, LLC and Create
Space with the express request that those entities take appropriate legal action to prevent
further publications of the defamatory statements addressed in this correspondence.

Very truly yours,

HERTZ SCHRAM PC

atricia A. Stamler

PAS/ss
Enclosures

cc:
Dr. Timothy Schwartz
SocioDig
11 754 East Marginal Way S
Tukwila, WA 98168

cc:
Dr. Timothy Schwanz
Research Refuge
85 NW 94th St
Miami Shores, FL 33 150

{H047D250.I)
HERTZSCHRAMPC
July 24, 20 17
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 41

cc: Amazon.corn
Legal Department
410 Terry Avenue North
Seattle, WA 98 I 09-52 10
(206) 266-1000

cc: On-Demand Publishing LLC

CreateSpace
4900 Lacross Road
North Charleston, SC 29406

cc: CreateSpacc
Legal Department
P.O. Box 81226
Seattle, WA 98108

{H04702S0, 1)
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 42

CHAPTER 8
1
At the end of this era. in 2006, \\'a:,1H:> State l niversity graduate student
Athena Kolbe and her professor Ro~·ce Hutson conducted what came to be
knO\\ll as the "Lancet Sune-'·": a 1,260 household stt1'\e) of \ iolence in Port-
an-Prince, the results of which got published in the prestigious British
medical journal. The Lancet. It was the onl_\ published attempt of a statistical

2
Aristide news as Duff. And her findings \\·ert> rndicall_\ biased in fm or of
Aristide. suggesting tha t the new righ t go\ emment was using rape ns a
political weapon , an argument that flew in the face of what the mainstream
press and e \ en KOFA\lY had been sm-ing.

3
But there were some prnblems.
First off. Kolbe, it turned ont, \ms an Aristide partisan and activist leftist
journalist who the year before publishing the sm, e) had changed her name
from L_\n Duff to Athena Kolbe, all the \\·hile continuing to publish pro-
Aristide news as Duff. And her findings were radically biased in favor of

4
There is no question that Kolbe/Duff was inclined to manipulate,
e:-.aggernte and e, en outrigh t lie about h er d ata. That would become clear in
suhsPmlPnt studies im<l nrnclem if' h nsint>ss \ enhll'es. T op, ott> C'On si<lPrnhlP

5
..._ _______________ I
subsequent studies an cl academic business \ entures. 1 de\ ote conside!'able

attention to the e:-.trno rdinar~ and. what some would call, criminal
shenanigans of Kolbe / Duff in the follo\\ing Chapter. She is a prime example

6
raped! \\ e cton t !mow t lrnt a ns\,·er. 1t s mterestmg t lrn t lll a subsequeut
sm, e\ (The t ·ni\ ersit\ of :\Iichigan Sun e:i ). 20 percent of Kolbe and
Hutson's repo11ed ,ictims also claimed to_hme been dctims of ~e in 200..iJ

(H0470250.1)
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 43

7
The on!> e, idence of true mp<> epidemic was high!_\ questionable, produced b:
an acth ist journalist Aristide s upporter who changed her name and was
ensconced in local politics. :.Ieanwhile. all the data coming from credible
I
8
The on!_\ e\ i<lence of true rnpe epidemic wns high]_\ questionnble, produced by I
I
an acti\·ist journalist Aristide supporter who changed her name and was
ensconced in local politics. :.Ieaim-hile, all the data coming from credible
Haitian feminist organizations and the Haitian police suggested that the U.S.
was. at best. about the same. and possibly far worse than Haiti.

9 I
The onl_\ e, idence ol true rape epidemic was high!_\ questionable, produced b_\
an acti\ ist journ11list Aristide supporter who changed her name and was
ensconced in local politics. ~Ieam,·hile. all the data coming from credible I

10
rapect'? \\ e don t know that answer. Its mterestmg that m a subsequent
S\lt'\e\ (The l'nh ersit~ of ~Iichigan Sun e_\ ). 20 percent of Kolbe and
Hutson's reported victims also claimed to ha\ e been ,ictims of rape in 2004.
- -
11
Moreo\ er, there was a h uge question hanging 0\ er 1':olbe aud Hutsou·s
data, oue they and e\'eryone else seemed to ignore. The question was this: if
the St11"\ e_\ had e\ en been cnn·ied out then - after 10 _\ ears of t•iktilll politics
and campaigns; after all the free education, medical cai·e, stipends, and tnnel
allowances for l'iktim: and considering the fact that their sune_\ had been
conducted Ill precisel_\ the same neighborhoods as the 1•ikti111 benefit
-

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July 24, 201 7
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 44

programs-ho,,· man\' of those inten iewed were, \\-itb hope of gammg

benefits. disposed to lie and say that the~ or someone in their famil~· was
raped? We don't know that ru1s,,·er. Ifs interesting that in a subsequent
Sllr'\'e\ (The Cni, ersin · of i\1ichigan Surwy), 20 percent of Kolbe a nd
Hutson·s repo1ted ,·ictims also claimed to haw been victims of rape in 200 4.
I
And ifs interesting that while other sh1dies and anecdotal e,·idence suggests
that the o, erwhelming number of sexual assnults were perpetrated by people
know11 to the ,·ictim, more than 75 percent of K:olbe/ Duffs and Hutson's
respondents claimed to ha,e been attacked by criminals they did not know.
But in the end ,,·e do not know the ans,,·er to ho,,· many of Kolbe/ Duff and
Hutson's responden ts lied in hopes of beco1ning recipients of aid for t•iktim.
We cnn assume that in the poorest neighborhoods of the poorest country in
th e \\·estern h emisphere. where USAID bad engaged in a multi-million dollar
,-iktim compensation program enduring six years, some respondents ,rnuld
be quick-thinking enough to tell a smveyor who ani, eel out of nowhere at
their doorstep that. yes. there were l'iktim in the house.Wfil ~ f;&fil

12
Kolbe/ Duff \\'::IS also back on the scene. With her came Robe1t r.J uggah of
the Small :\.11ns Suf\ e~ and si:-.. other l'ni, ersit: professors, Hone of whom had
I am prior e:-..perience stud,·in_g or researching Haiti. Indeed. Kolbe herself.

13
Kolbe/ Duff ,n-1s also bark on the scene. \\"ith her came Robert l\I11ggah of
the Snrnll A.nns Sun e~ nnd sh other l'ni\t?rsit) professors. none of 1"110111 had
an~· prior e:-..perience studying or researching Haiti. Indeed, Kolbe herself.

14
an~ prior e:-..perience stud~ing or resenrching Haiti. Indeed, Kolbe herself,
alter I'.? : ear~ working in Haiti and Ii, ing ,,ith orphans, did not speak Creole
or French. But backed ,,ith financing from the l'nited );°ations and the

15
an~ prior l' l. perit•nte stud_\i11g or rc-~earching Haiti. Indeed. Kolbe herself.
after 1~ ~ ears working in Haiti and Ji, ing ,,·ith orphans. did not speak Creole
--
16
or French. But backed with fina ncing from the l'uitecl Nations and the
l' niwrsi~ of :\Iichignn , Kolbe/Duff and her followers jumped on the rape

{H0470250.1)
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckennan Schwartz
Page45

band wagon. Significant!) outdoing her 2006 study. Kolbe and the professors

17
at least once in their lifetimes- pales in comparison. But for anyone \\'ho
kne\\' Haiti and ,ms paying attention, the findings \\'ere exceeded in absurdity
onh b_, Kolbe and the professors' claim the, lwd actual!-' conducted the
snr\'e_\ . Here·s what they say the_\· did. I
18
b:md wagon. Significant!) outdoing her :2006 study. 1':olbe :rnd the professors
concludE>d that in the si., weeks follm\·ing the earthquake women, girls,
toddlers and babies li\ing in Po11-an-Prince were being raped at an annual
rate of seH•n oercent of all females. The Democratic Reoublic of the Congo- I
19
T\\'o months before the earthquake Kolbe and l\luggah had carried ou t a
snn·ey of 1,800 randomly selected Port-au-Prince households. The, ll O\\'
claimed to ha,·e revisited the e:-.rict same households , found the occupants nud
interdewed them . Let me make this dear: si:... weeks after the earthquake the~
se nt the same in ten iewers to \ isit the sam e respondents to evaluate post-
earthquake conditions and incidence of crime, and the: found 93 percent of
them, and all in the space of two weeks. This, was a mome nt in time wh en 30
percent to 40 percent of the Port-au-Prince population was li, ing in cam ps,
another 25 percent had fled the capital for the countryside. and 10 percent
had left for 1Iiami and the Dominican Reoublic. No one questioned their

20
daim. Ill get back to Rolbe. et al., and their su s picions s rn, e> findings in th e
next chapter. For no\,·. lefs finish "ith the rape epidemic. r~-31 ~ li.=l ~ L...::sJ
I
-
Chapter 9

Politics ofData: The Pretender

21

Over three and a half years I worked and often lived with the
children of Lafanmi Selavi, a shelter for some of the nation's
quarter of a million homeless children [sic]. It was there that
22

(H0470250.1)
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tucke1man Schwartz
Page 46

Duff left Haiti in tQ<n. But uoon Aris tides· 2004 ous t er. she returned.
23
I

I
Now a seasoned war correspondent who had covered front lines in Croatia,
I
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Vi etnam , Duff had come to se t the record s traight.
24

Duffs reports had little to no impact Aristide remained in exile and the
UN proceeded to install an interim governm ent highly sympathetic to
Aristide's right wing enemies. H was at this point, sometime in 20 04, in the
midst of writing the a1ticles cited above, that Duff went to Michigan and
enrolled in Wavne State Universitv's School of Social Work. She enrolled
25
Ansuae s n gnr wmg enemies. It was at mis point, somenme m 2004 , 111 me
midst of writing the articles cited above, that Duff went lo Michigan and
enrolled in Way11e State University's School of Social Work. She enrolled
under the name, not of Lyn Duff, but Athena Kolbe_(3.lli] \Vhile
matriculating as Athena Kolbe, she continued to publish a1ticles as Lyn
Duff, increasingly focusing on the topic that had proven so politically
- .Cl: - - • !~--.: .. ._ _____ , :, __ , I. - - - - - - - - . . . . _ ___ __ _... ____ ..I: ~ •
! l ! .1,. _ . __ _• _ _ __ .._ _ 1 ~ .L! . . 11_ .

26 -

under the nam e, not of Lyn Duff, but Athena Kolbe.UJ.YJ While I
matriculating as Athena Kolbe, she continued to publish aiticles as Lyn
Duff, increasingly focusing on the topic that had proven so politically
effective in toppling the 1991-1994 military junta: accusations of politically
motivated rape. She issued repo1ts such as:
27

All that's pretty shocking. But what made th e study e,·en more shocking j
was thal 4 6 percent of the killings and 28 percent of the sexual assaults were
attributable to authorities. gangs, and paramilitaries that supported the new
government. All the res t were attributable to non-aligned criminals. Putting
28

government. All lhe rest were attTihutablc to non-aligned criminals. Putting

it anoth er way, none of the raping or killing was attributable to the deposed
le ftis t Aristide government, the leader of which Duff was so fond. None of it.
Nol to the deposed government or to its supporters. And what that meant, if
29

(H0470250 .l }
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 47

government. All the rest were attributable to non-aligned criminals. Putting

it another way, none of the raping or killing was attributable to the deposed
leftist Aristide government, the leader of which Duff was so fond . No ne of it.
Not to the deposed government or to its supporters. And what that meant, if
30

government. All the rest were attributable lo non-aligned crimi nals. Putting
it ano ther way, none of the raping or killing was attributable to the deposed
left ist Aristide government, the leader of which Duff was so fo nd. None of it.
Not lo the deposed government or to its supporters. And what that mea nt, if
31

As for the Lancet Su rvey and its claims of one-sided violence, a British

32
I
The implication of using two names was that, at best, Duff did not want
people to challenge her scholarly fi ndings based on her political sympathies.
At worst, the implication was that she had contli\·ed the data and she did
not want anyone to know that she had used the status of scholar to
fraudulentlv gain svnmathv for Aiistidc. Fearing: the worst of the two
33

news and repair Aristide's reputation."L:5:5.!J It was right about then that
Kolbe/ Duff claimed she was h erself becoming a victim. [33£1
''You are a dog ... you should die. We are going to necklace you," a voice
whispered over the phone. Kolbe/ Duff reported the threats to J eb Sprague
and Joe Emesberger, who like Duff, were two advocate-journalists who had
devoted themselves to defending Aristide and his h \iCe-toppled populist

~ .. ...
' . ,· I

govern men t. Sprague and Emesberger published Kolbe's account in the

online journal Counter Pu nch, entitling it, .. Death Threats Against La ncet's
Ha iti Huma n Rights Investigator. "
Suddenly it was eminently logical that Duff would ha\'e concealed her
identity. She could die. The people who were after he r \vere, rather

34 -- -- -
' . - '

{H0470250.1)
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Timothy Tucke1man Schwartz
Page 48

news and repair Aristide's reputation."l:331.J It was right about then that
Kolbe/ Duff claimed she was h erself becoming a victim_[33_g]
"You are a dog ... you should die. We are going to necklace you," a voice
whispered over the phone. Kolbe/ Duff reported the threats to Jeb Sprague
and Joe Emesberger, who like Duff, were two advocate-journalists who had
devoted themselves to defending Aristide and his twice-toppled populist

Ir -

government. Sprague and Emesberger published Kolbe's account in the

online journal Counter Punch, entitling it, ~Death Threats Against Lancet's
Haiti Human Rights l n\'estigator."
Suddenly it was eminently logical that Duff would have concealed her
identity. She could die. The people who were after her were, rather
obviously, precisely those who had outed her. The voice that had threatened
her on the phone had a Britis h accent. The Lancet was a British journal. The
Haiti support group to which Charles A1thur had belonged was British.
Charles Arthur was British. And now a British voice was whispering death
threats over the phone. It did not take a genius to conclude that Charles
Arthur might be part of a British conspiracy. There were other accusations
of death threats from London. According to Kolbe/ Duff, a major
investigation ensued. Scotland Yard got involved and tracked the calls to a
British ex-con whom "someone" had hired lo make the threats and who had
been using disposable cell phones. Arthur, now on the defensive, denied
having an}1hing to do 1\ith pursuing Kolbe, saying that the accusations
wPrP " tntalh- <'ntPs,ori r-,illv ,inn 11nPn11ivnr-~llv 11ntn1P .. [333]
35

(H0470250.l)
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 49

news and repair Aristide's reputation.·,L:3JlJ It was right about then that
Kolbe/ Duff claimed she was herself becoming a victim. [33g]
"You are a dog ... you should die. We are going to necklace you," a voice
whispered over the phone. Kolbe/Duff r eported the threats to J eb Sprague
and J oe Emesberger, who like Duff, were two advocate-journalists who had
devoted themselves to defending Aristide and his twice-toppled populist
I
-----------------'
government. Sprague and Emesberger published Kolbe's account in the
online journal Counter Punch, entitling it, "Death Threats Against Lancet's
Haiti Human Rights Investigator."
Suddenly it was eminently logical that Duff would have concealed h er
identity. She could die. The people who were after her were, rather
obviously, precisely those who had outed her. The voice that had threatened
her on tl1e phone b ad a British accent. The Lancet was a British journal. The
Haiti support group to which Charles Arthur had belonged was British .
Charles Arthur was British. And now a British voice was whispering death
threats over the phone. It did not take a genius to conclude that Charles
Arthur might be pa1t of a British conspiracy. There were other accusations
of death tl1reats from London. According to Kolbe/ Duff, a major
investigation ensued. Scotland Yard got involved and tracked the calls to a
British ex-con whom "someone" had hi red to make the threats an d who h ad
been using disposable cell phones. Arthur, now on the defensive, denied
having anything to do with pursuing Kolbe, saying that the accusations
were, "totally, categorically and unequivocally untrue_,,[333]
In the end it was impossible to tell what was and what was not t rue. For
whatever reason, Scotland Yard had, according to Kolbe/Duff, dropped the
issue- if they had ever really been involved. According to The Lancet, they
36

issue-if they had ever really been involved. According to The Lancet, they
concluded that Kolbe should not have concealed her double identity. But
37

they could otherwise detect no irregulaiities in the data. Critics noted that
the person who reviewed the data for them was none other than Kolbe and
Hutson's Wayne State University colleague and co-author, Eileen Trzcinski
- who would soon join them in mining Haiti for data and publishing
refereed academic articles needed to get tenure. As for Wayne State
38

(H0470250.1)
July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 50

they cot1ld othe rwise detect no irregularities in th e data. Criti cs noted that
the person who reviewed the data fo r them was none other than Kolbe and
Ht1tson's Wayne State University colleague and co-a uthor, Eileen Trzcinski
- who wou ld soon join them in mining Haiti for data and pt1blishing
refereed academic articles needed to get tenure. As for Wayne State
39

they could othe rwise <lclecl no irregularities in the data. Criti cs noted that
the person who reviewed the data fo r them was none other than Kolbe and
Hutson's Wayne Stale Unh·crsi ty colleague and co-author, Eileen Trzcinski
- who would soon join them 111 mining Haiti for data and publishing
refereed academic articles needed to get tent1re. As for Wayne State
--

refereed academic articles needed to get tenure. As for Way11e State

University ad ministra tors, they were not so fo rgivi ng. They terminated
40

reterecd a cademic art1ctes neectect to get tenure. As tor Wayne Mate l

University administ rators, they were not so forgiving. 111ey terminated
Kolbe's PhD program, sending her off with a Master's degree. I

41
Ifanyone Ill me nouse nau oeen rapeu. I.I me responaem repnea yes, m e
researcher was supposed to ask what exactly the rapist used to perpetrate
the c1ime: penis or another object? Then they were supposed to ask where
the rapist put the penis or oth er object: was it in the ,·ictim's mouth, anus,
vagina? Kolbe and Hutson were quite frank about it:
The majority of sexual assaults perpetrated involved pene-
tration of the victim's mouth, anus, or Yagina with the
perpet rator's genitalia or some other object (92-1%; 95% CI
86·6-97-6). The remainder of assaults involved sexual
touch ing witJ10ut penetration and the forced watching of
I sexual acts . [Lancet 2006 p sl
Ifs stunning that the prestigious Lancet was not take n to task for this,
or that no one even seemed to notice. First off, we are talking about a highly
42

It's stunning that the prestigious Lancet was not taken to task for this,
or that no one eYen seemed to notice. First off, \\'Care talking ab out a highly

43 I sensitive tooic: traumatized victims who we re still liYin !! in fear of the

---

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July 24, 2017
Timothy Tuckennan Schwartz
Page 51

-
.. . . . . . .... .............. .................., ....... . .. ._ ._ ................ ·· ····o ...... . . . . . ~· .. ......
............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t " . ..... .

perpetrators. Indeed, Kolbe and Hutson·s point was that the government
was doing this. But the same government was sti11 in control when the
findings were published. And e\'eryone in each neighborhood would have
.- -
44
- -
findings were publis hed. And eve1yone in each neighborhood would have
known who was inte rviewed. Jt would not have been a secret. But even
without the obvious danger, even if the interim government and its thugs
had by that point been removed - and they had not- il was highly
questionable in terms of academic ethics. If Kolbe and Hutson had followed
ethical guidelines from the World Health Organization, they would have had
to conduct multistage interviews. They would have had consent forms and
private interviews in safe spaces removed from the respondent's home . And
: 6. . ..... . . 1.J l- ~ ....... 1- ...... ..... .,.. ....... -. - - - - ... 4_.: _ _ _ _ "- -=----- ..i.. ... .. , _ _ , c _ c ..1_ ... '"--=--'"=--" t.. .... : _ _
45
W l lJIVUl lil t: UlJVIUU:, u,1111,e1 1 eveu II Ul t: llll t: lllll l,V Vt: llllllt: lll ctLlU n :, llllll,:,

had by that p oin t been removed - and they had not-it was highly
questionable in terms of academic ethics. If Kolbe and Hutson had followed
ethical guidelines from the World Health Organi zation, they would have had
to conduct multis tage interviews. They would have had consent fo rms and
p rivate interviews in safe s paces removed from the respo ndent's ho me. And
it would have b een even more stringent given that half of the "victims" being
grilled were children under 17 years of age. None of this was even
I
mentioned in the Lancet article. [334)
46
I
questionable in terms of academic ethics. If Ko lbe and Hutso n had followed I

ethical guidel ines fro m the World Health Orga ni zation, they would have had
to conduct multistage interviews. They would have had consent forms and I
private interviews in safe spaces removed from the respondent's home. And
it would have been even more stringent given that half of the "vict ims" being
47

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Timothy Tuckennan Schwartz
Page 52

, , ~
,
questionable in terms of academic ethics. If Kolbe and Hutson had followed
ethical guidelines from the Wo rld Health Organiza tion, they would have had
to conduct multistage interviews. They would have had consent forms and
private interviews in safe s paces removed from the respondent's home. And
it would have been even more stringent given that half of the "victims" being
grilled were children under 17 years of age. None of this was even
mentioned in the Lancet article. [33.4]

48

questionable in terms of academic ethics. If Kolbe and Hutson had followed

ethical guidelines from the World Health Organization, they would have h ad
to conduct multis tage interviews. They would have had consent forms and
private interviews in safe s paces re moved from the respondent's home. And
it would have been eve n more stringent given that half of the "victims" being I
grilled were children under 17 years of age. None of this was even
mentioned in the Lancet article. (33J]
i
- .... -
49

Indeed , Kolbe and Hutson ha<l apparently done the interviews \,ithout
I
seeking approval or addce from anyone. In lheir acknowledgements, the
rr- 1• .
'
... · -♦ •. •
'
..
'
I
I
so .. -

institution. Nor did the La ncet editors make any mention of the
Institutional Ethics Review Committee, considered obligatory for social
researchers doing surveys, particularly s urveys that touch ed on such
sensitive topics as rape and murder, and particularly when children are
involved.
51
mslltut1on. Nor dtd the Lancet editors make any mention ot the
Institutional Ethics Review Committee, considered obligatory for social
researche rs doing surveys, particularly surveys tha t touched Oil such
sensitive topics as rape and murder, and pa1ticularly when children are
involved.

52

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 53

But for those readers who are concerned, do n't be. It is l1ighly unlikely
that anyone ever as ked those questions and, if they did, it is even more un-
likely that Haitians who were political rape victims were telling perfect
strangers the answers. They would have been no more welcoming than
,..... ,..,.....,.....1 .,... :_...._ V.-.l'h .... ',.,. 4-\.., ,....,.. l.,,........,... ,...4-...., .. , ..... ,.., f t\ ,..,,1..,.,... ;., l\..r:.,.i..: .............. t> ... .._ +.-1..., ,... _, +h .... + 1,.. ..1... .....

53

But for those readers who are concerned, don't be. It is highly unlikely
that anyone ever asked those ques tions and, if they did, it is even more un-
likely that Haitians who we re political rape victims were t elling perfect
strangers the ans\vers. They would have been no more welcoming than
people in Kolbe's then hometown of Detroit, Michigan. But then that's the
- -
54

THE CREDIBlLITY GAP

55 I
A Suspect History
I
aoour l\.OJOe/ uurr s rescarcn ano surveys. Ano wnac s mosr 1nceresnng aoom
all this is not so much that Kolbe/Duff might be an academic fraudster, but
what it tells us about the credibility of research in the humanitarian sector
in Haiti. With the publicity and th e publications in big time academic
. .. ..
56
back to that in a moment. .First, a closer look at Dutt, her past and what
sl1e·s been up to since the earthquake suggests that if she invented the
Lancet Survey data, it was likely not the first time she had done something
like that.
57
,,11ul J\ '- V l hJ \.I J U VV\.I \ l U ........ , ......... ,v111 \.J V I ,.....,. , .....,u\..11 tll \.JI ..... 11\,11.I HIIII\.Ul l .U ll "'"-'"'-Vl

111Hai ti. VVith the publicity and the publications in big time academic
journals like the Lancet, other PhD"s were att racted to Kolbe. There were
soon PhD"s and professors clambering aboard her research wagon. Although
not a single one of them had ever before studi ed Haiti or s poke Kreyol, their
academic credent ials would bolster Kolbe's credibili ty and, in turn, the
access she gave them to original data would bolster their careers. rll get
- .. .
58
-·
-

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 54

back to that in a moment. Firs t, a closer look at Duff, h er past and what
she's b een up to s ince the earthquake s uggests that if sh e invente d the
Lancet Survey data, it was likely not the first time s he had do ne something
like that.
According to Wi1..ipedia, Lyn Duff began her life in the public eye a s an
eighth-grader in a South Pasade na Junior High School when she was kicked

59
- -· - -- - --- --- --- - --- ---o -- - -----o· - ----- -- - - r - r -- ----- - - ·--- -.:J -

Club. The Ame1ican Civil Liberties Union came to her rescue, su ed the
school, and won . But instead of going back to South Pasadena Junior High ,
60

school, and won. But instead of going back lo South Pasadena Junior High,
Duff went straight to California State University, Los Angeles (CSU LA). She
.
I
61

IJutt went straignt to Calltorn1a ::>tate u niversity, Los Angeles lC:::iU LAJ. ::>Ile
soon declared herself gay, whereupon her mother committed her to a Utah
mental institution and she became one of the last people in the U.S. to ever
get shock therapy for being homosexual. After six months in the mental
62 I -
book called Uncommon Heroes published in 1994 by Fletcher Press. And
then in 1994, as recounted, at the tender age of 18, she began a journalist
career with Pacifica Radio's KPFA, first coming to Haiti to found Radio
Timoun, and then going on to publish articles in the San Francisco
Chronicle, the San Francisco Examiner, Salon online, the Utne Reader,
Sassy lvlagazine, Washington Post, Seventeen. the M iami Herald and the
Notinnnl (;nthnlir RPnnrtpr_[33_6.]
63

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
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out of sch ool for founding an undergro und newspaper called The Tiger
Club. The American Civil Liberties Union came to her rescue, s ued the
school, and won. But ins tead of going back to South Pasadena .Junior High,
Duff went s traight to Califo rnia State University, Los Angeles (CSU LA). She
soon declared herself gay, whereupo n her mother committed her to a Utah
mental ins titution and she became one of the last people in the U.S. to ever
get s hock therapy for being homosexual. After six months in the m ental
institution sh e escaped, got back to California where she lived homeless fo r
a while, was then adopted by a gay couple, legally divorced her parents and
became a hero of the gay community. She even made it into the pages of a
book called Uncommon Heroes publis hed in 1994 by Fletcher Press. And
then in 1994, as recounted, at the tender age of 18, she began a journalist
career ·with Pacifica Radio's KPFA, firs t coming to Haiti to found Raclio
Timoun, and then going on to publish articles in the San Frnncisco
C/ll'(mic/e, the San Francisco Examiner, Salon online, the Utn e a eader,
Sassy MGgazine, Washington Post, Seue11tee11, the Miami Herald and the
Nal iollal Catholic R eP.,orler. [33.§]
lt's quite a sto1y. And if one reads the Wikipedi a ent1y abo ut Duff, born
in 1976, she had, between the ages of 18 and 24 and with only one year of
formal university educa tion, accomplis hed what mos t journalists would
hope to do in a lifetime. Quoting Wikipedia:
13y the late 1990s, Duff was a well-established international
journalis t with postings in Haiti, !fil.a.cl, Croat ia, several
African countries, and Vietnam. After the Uni ted States
invaded Afgh an istan, s he traveled to the front lines as o ne of
the few non-embedded Western journalis ts.
So that's the Lyn Duff s tory. But there are some problems with it. The
s tories of her exploits only exis t on Wikipedia, on line biographies a nd chat
records that Duff may very well have wri tten herself. None of the references
in Wikipcdia are sources that can be traced to legi timate publ ications. Wi th
the exception of Haiti, there is not a s ingle article written or refere nced o r
remembered where a re po rter by the name of Lyn Duff o r Athena Kolbe

J
So, if anyone had investigated Duffs past - and apparently no one ever
did, not even the journalis ts and activists who de fended h er- there were
good reasons to s us pect the legitimacy of Duffs early legacy years. But what
64

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Timothy Tucke1man Schwaiiz
Page 56

It's quite a story. And if one reads the Wikipedia entry about Duff, born
in 1976, she had, between the ages of 18 and 24 and wi th only one year of
fo rmal university ed ucation, accomplished what most journalists would
hnnP tn rln i n" lif,.ti mP n 11 ntino v\TiL-in p,l j,.,.
65

in Wikipedia are sources tJ1at can be traced to legitimate publications. With

the exception of Haiti, there is not a single article written or referenced or
remembered where a reporter by the name of Lyn Duff or Athena Kolbe

\\Tote about any of the countries where she was s upposedly a front-1.ine war
correspondent. Not even KPFA Radio in San Francisco published a report
I
where Lyn Duff or Athena Kolbe is mentioned in association with any of the I
Wikipedia cited war-tom countries, other than Haiti. Nor was she the
founder of Radio Timotm. She worked for Radio Timoun but was fired. I
- I
66
V\' llCJ. C L)H L'Ull Ul r'\U t C H d. .l'\.UIUC: 1.::, lllt:llllUllt:U HI <1.:)~V\...1t1.l1UH Hllll c:lU J V1 UlC

Wikipedia cited war-tom countries, other than Haiti. Nor was she the
founder of Radio Timou11. She worked for Radio Timoun but was fired.

67

[33_7.] And when I followed up on claims about the Civil Libeities Union and
Pasadena Junior High School newspapers, I found nothing the re either. The
68 - ----
L 0 J✓-J
And when I followed up on claims about the Civil Libe1ties Union and
Pasadena Junior High School newspapers, I found nothing there either. The
reporter I contacted at the school newspaper found no one who
remembered her. As for The Tiger Club- the underground school
newspaper the Wikipedia entry claims she was expelled fo r founding-it is
Pasadena High's school newspaper. It was founded in 1913, shty-three years
before Duff was born. Moreover, after changing her name to Kolbe she
I
69
Detore Vutt was born. Moreover, alter c11ang111g tier name to Kol be s he
claimed in th e interview published in Counterpunch th at Kolbe h ad been
her father·s surname, and that "in late 2004 Kolbe decided to go by her

70
L ------ father's surname rather than the h)11henated name she had been us ing
- I

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Timothy Tuckennan Schwartz
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betore Uu tt was born. Moreover, atter changmg her name to Ko lbe she
claimed in th e interview published in Counterpunch that Kolbe h ad been
her father's surname, and that "in late 2004 Kolbe decided to go by her
father's surname rathe r tha n the hyphenated name she h ad been using
previously." The problem with that claim is that nowhere is there any
evidence of h er ever having used a hyph enated last name. Ever. Not in
published articles or online chat rooms or in her job with Radio Timoun.
Not even on Wikipedia is there any evidence that she ever used a
h,mhenated last name. Indeed. to this dav (12 / 6 / 2016) there are senarate
71

So, if anyone had im·estigated Duffs past-and apparently no one eYer

did, not even the journalists and activists who defended her-there were
good reasons to sus pect the legitimacy of Duffs early legacy years. But what
ronrPrn,; , 1._ hPrP j._ wh::it shP ::inrl tho'-P who ,vork wi th hPr h::ivP hPPn 11n to
72
.
the humanitarian sector in Haiti. The 2006 Lancet study appears to have
been a case of questionable journalistic ethics if not outright fraud. But what
I
I
happened in the years since is arguably far more revealing. I want to remind
I
73
- -----· ---- - - - ,---- --- --- -- - J- -- ----- --- - ------ -- --- - ---o·-- ------· - --- ----
y

happened in the years since is arguably far more revealing. I want to remind
the reader again that what I'm recounting here is not really about
Kolbe/Duff. It's about the whole aid and scholar industry and
74 -
manufacturing of data that supports what the NGOs and UN agencies are
do ing in Haiti and , not least of all, how pseudo-scholars and the
international tned ia's indiscriminate promotion of their da ta supplanted
serious methodologists and opened the door to opportunists and perhaps
even criminals, such as Duff may well be, and in doing this, made helping
the poor in Haiti t hat much more d ifficu lt. How can we help when we have
not a clue what's really going on'? And worse, how can we help if we're being
misled and lied to?
75 -
following the Lancet blowout and getting pushed out of Wa)-11e State
University, Kolbe/ Duff enrolled in a PhD program at the University of
I
76 -- - - ------ - I

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
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- -- --- - - - ~c -- - -- --,, - - - -- --- - - - --- - - ------- -- --- - ----- - -- --

the "the pot calling the kettle black." They went on to say that it was "incon-
ceivable'' that the BARR Survey had been representative and touted their
own survey that "had s upport from the United Nations and the
International Development Research Center" and was overseen by "our
North Am erican-Haitian team of researchers.',[341] With their study-the
University of iviichigan Survey-they were able t o ''carefully examine tl1e
77

The irony of these declarations was that neither Kolbe, nor Muggah nor
a ny of the other co-authors ever contacted me to discuss the survey. They
ne,·er asked me about my methodology. And they never discussed with me
theirs. 1 then sent to the authors of the academic study- via Kolbe- an
explanation of the BARR me thodology along with a list of inconsistencies I
had found with their sur\'ey findings. I requested a discussion. No "vigorous
discussion of estimates" ever ensured. Not even an e-mail.
78

death implications for potential aid recipients." But the irony of Kolbe and
Muggah themselves having written and published this proclamation in the
LA Times, the largest metropolitan newspaper in the U.S. and the
newspaper with the fourt h largest circulation, is that they may very well
never have even done the University of Michigan Survey, the very survey
they were using to give themselves authority to write the article and criticize
me and the work I participated in_[3f!l]
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have successfully located and interviewed 1,674 of 1,800 of their original

s urvey respondents, people Lhey didn't even know, all in a space of 14 days.
And given that the same researchers estimate that 120 of the original
interviewees we re dead, they had in fact contacted 99.6 percent of the
original living sample.
I can attest from having done more than 100 s urveys in Haiti that this
woul dn't be possible if the two surveys were done back to back during the
best ohimes. It certainly did not h appen six weeks after the earthquake. Ac;
for the findings:
Kolbe, Muggah, Hutson and the professors claimed their findings
revealed 0.37 percent of the population had been raped in six weeks.
That's a figure 20 times greater than Kolbe and Hutson had fou nd in
2006-a figure that itself, as seen, was So times the so-country UN
reported average in 2002.
They found that six times as many children o to 12 yea rs of age had been
killed in the earthquake as people over 12 years of age, something so
peculiar that it would have made the eaithquake demographically unique
in th e world. Specifically, based on the population s tructure, the expected
proportion of dead was one child under 12 years of age to every 2 people
killed over 12 yea rs of age (30 percent of the population at the time of the
earthquake was under 12 years of age and 70 percent were over 12 years
of age). Moreover, a University of Miami study found the opposite, "the
proportion of children with severe injuries under the age of 18 is noticen-
bly less than in the total population: -l3JA]
Similarly, Kolbe a nd Muggah et al., found tha t children o to 12 years of
age were 11 times more li kely to have died of injuries afte r the quake. Yet

80

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They found that six times as many children o to 12 years of age had been
killed in the earthquake as people over 12 years of age, something so
peculiar that it would have made the earthquake demographically unique
in the world. Specifically, based on the population structure, the expected
proportion of dead was one child under 12 years of age to e\·ery 2 people
killed over 12 years of age (30 percent of the population at the time of the
earthquake was under 12 years of age and 70 percent were m·er 12 years
of age). Moreover, a Uni\·ersity of l\·l iami study found the opposite, "the
proportion of children with severe injuries under the age of 18 is noticea-
bly less than in the total population: ·[3M1
Similarly, Kolbe and Muggah et al., found that children o to 12 years of
age were u times more likely lo h ave died of injuries after the quake. Yet
a CDC study of survi val rates in improvised post-earthquake hospitals
found more adults died from injuries. And Handicap International-
which sent people to hospitaJs and studied the issue-found that it was in
fact adults over 18 years of age who most suffered inj uries. And that's
81

original living sample.

I ca n attest from having done more than 100 surveys in Haiti tha t this
wouldn't be possible if the two s urveys were done back to back during the
bes t of times. It ce rtainly did no t happen s ix weeks after the earthquake. As
for the findings:
82

... numero us observations have shm\11 that patients from the

pediatric popul atio n recoYer mo re frequently a nd more fu lly
than similarly injured adults. Altho ugh this might be euphe-
mistically asc ribed to the ·'physiologic reserve" of the child, it
suggests th at injured children respond exceedingly well to
preservation of cerebral oxygenati on and perfusion.
Princip les and Practice of Trauma Care
(Kochar 2013 :445y(345]
83

Kolbe and Muggah et al., claimed to have found that 25 percent of a]l
people who died from the emthquake were not immediately killed but
died in the month following the earthquake from injuries. The CDC came
up with a figure of 3 percent that died in the five months following the
earth quake, including from diseases.

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In a t least one respect, what Kolbe and the professors reported, or the
likelihood that the survey even occurred, doesn 't matte r. Few to no institu-
85

In at least one respect, what Kolbe and the professors reported, or the
likelihood that the survey even occurred, doesn't matter. Few to no institu-
tions or scholars cited the figures at the time. Nor did the media pounce on
this pa1ticular study. One can only conclude that, because the data was so
out of whack with what we knew from other surveys, they simply dismissed
it. But. those findings were uncriticallv committed to one of the largest
86

I
Not satisfied with the Associated Press coverage and sensing oppor-
tuni ty, Kolbe and Muggah began publishing their own a rticles. Regarding
their finding of skyrocketing violence they w rote in London's The Guardian
87
I
J
'
Kolbe and l\l uggah were not finished. Never letting on that they had in fact
done the survey, they cited themseh·es:
Recent surveys conducted by the lgarape Institute [presided
over by Muggah] reveal that despite some fluctuation, it has
shifted upwards to roughly 7..2._p~r IQQ ,llilQ....Qy hit~ Julx. By I
88

York Times Sunday Edition, no less-Kolbe and Niuggah did the same thing
they had done in their article in The Guardian on sk)Tocketing homicide
I
I
rates: they referenced their owu work. This time it was Kolbe's. Without
ever letting on to readers that it was in fact her research, Kolbe and l\foggah
cited her earlier studies as evidence that there was indeed a massive rape
epidemic in Haiti. Specifically:
89

In doing this, in using her credibility as scholar and UN researcher,

Kolbe had done something that she apparently only fantasized about 12
years earlier: she transformed herself into a journalist fo r the world's most
important mainstream media outlets. Once in that role, she then validated
90

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important mainstream media ou tlets. Once in that role, she then validated
her academic work, not least of all that which had gotten her terminated at
·w ayne State University. It was genius.
91 -

For skeptical readers, however, there were problems, even vv:ith the rape
account. Firs t off, if the rape ever occurred, Kolbe and Muggah were no-
where near it. Kolbe/Duff, the woman who claims to have been "on the front
lines in Afghanistan" and to Vietnam, Croatia, and Iraq, would not have
been able to participate; obesity, a heart condition, and h eavy dependence
on medications preclude that. Indeed, she might not s urvive the "3-hour
drive'' over Haiti's bad roads, especially those where the rape occurred in
the South of Ha iti . And even had sh e been there, the fact tha t she speaks no
French and very little Kreyol means sh e would not have unders tood much
about what was going on and cettain]y would not have been doing the
talking herself. As for Muggah, he speaks no Kreyol, but he does speak
French and he could probably jog the 3-hour drive. But h e wasn 't there
either. He was in Brazil, wh ere he lives with his family and runs his Igarape
Institute, "a think and do tank devoted to evidence-based policy and action
on complex security, justice and development ch a1lenges in Brazil, Latin
America, and Africa:·[353]
It's fantastic to me that Robert Muggah, as wel1 as al] the cited profes-
sors would lie; that they would put their reputations and careers on the line
and delibe rately falsify data and even p roject themselves to places where
tlwv WP.rf> not. So wh v did th f>v do it? T s11snpc-t thP.v onlv mirti;:illv did it . T
92

It's fantastic to me that Robert Muggah, as well as all the cited profes-
sors would lie; that they would put their reputations and careers on the line
and deliberately falsify data and even project tl1emselves to places where
they were not. So why did they do it? I suspect they only paitially did it. I
suspect that it was Kolbe/Duff wh o was doing most of the lying. And this
brings us back to what so ails the aid industrv. encourages the untruths
93

the South of Haiti. And even had sh e been there, the fact that she speaks no
French and very little Kreyol means she would not have understood much
about what was going on and certainly would not have been doing the
talking herself. As for Muggah. he sneaks no Krevol. but he does sneak
94 -
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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
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It's fantastic to me that Robert Muggah, as well as all the cited profes-
sors would lie; that they would put their reputations and careers on the line
I
and deliberately falsify data and even project themselves to places where
they were not. So why did they do it'? I suspect they only partially did it. I
suspect that it was Kolbe/Duff who was doing most of the lying. And this
95
weve seen over ana over mrougnour mis oooK ana maKes H poss101e ro r
someone like Kolbe to dupe major newspapers of the wo rld and prestigious
academic journals : it was what everyone in a position to disseminate
r .. ' . , ~
' ~· ~
" ' '
96

THE VERY SPECIAL PlACE \VHERE NO ONE CAN CALL YOU A

LIAR
For people who don't know, Kolbe had st epped into a very special niche
for people who like to make things up. No one did, could, or would ch eck
97

THE VERY SPECIAL PLACE WHERE NO ONE CAN CALL YOU A

LIAR
For people who don"t know, Kolbe had stepped into a ve ry special niche
for people who like to make things up. No one did, could, or would check
98

For people who d on't know, Ko lbe had stepped into a very special niche
for people who like to make things up. No one did, could, or would check
her data. Not even her colleagues, none of whom spoke Haitian Creole or
99

100
I So Kolbe might well have been fab ricating it all. Or at least pay ing fo r
I

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 64

For people who don't know, Kolbe had stepped into a very special niche
for people who like to make things up. No one did, cou1d, or would check
her data. Not even her colleagues, none of •.vhom spoke Haitian Creole or
even knew her surveyors. This is true for several reasons. First, it's
unethical. Human 1ights priorities mean researchers cannot divulge
informan ts' names. Every survey begins with a promise that the information
and identity of the respondent will be kept secret. In cases such as surveys
on crime, political opinions, and human rights abuses, the logic is obvious:
to divulge the identity of respondents might open them up to retribution. No
one checks the survey. No one knows what the original respondents really
said or even if th ey really existed: prime turf for sloppy work, liars or
activists bent on making a case for their cause. [35.4]
So Kolbe migh t well have been fabricating it all. Or at least paying for
data that she herself had not verified. And then she was publishing it and
n <:ino it tn n,::,1,-p rnn l'l11 <:inn <: th::it <:::>ti<:fi<>rl th<> n<>t>rl<: nf h <>r rlit>nt<: tht> ::ii rl
101

her data. Not even her colleagues, none of whom spoke Haitian Creole or
even knew her surveyors. This is true for several reasons. First, it's
102

even knew her surveyors. This is true for several reasons. First, it's
unethical. 1-1 uman rights priorities mean researchers cannot divulge
informants· names. Every sun ·ey begins with a promise that the information
and identity of the respondent \'viii be kept secret. In cases such as surveys
on crime, political opinions, and human rights abuses, the logic is obvious:
to divulge the identity of respondents might open them up to retribution. No
one checks the survey. No one knows what the original respondents really
said or even if they really existed: prime turf for s loppy work, lia rs or
acti\iSts bent on making a case for their cause.[354]
103

readers. Hu t it gets worse.LJ;:);:)J Kolbe/ Outt's use ot socia l media, her

transformation back to being a journalist and her publication of stellar
articles based on what could only have been bogus or at least extremely

104
I-------------------------------------
shoddy and manipulated survey data was only part of her brilliance. Her

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Page 65

readers. But it gets worse. LJ::>::>J Kolbe/ Duffs use of social media, h er
transformat io n back to b eing a journalist and her publication of s tellar
a rticles based on what could only have been bogus or at least extremely
shoddy· and manipulated s urvey data was only part of her brilliance. H er
105

Wilh Kolbe as sole owner a nd cha ncellor, ETS offered Haitian you th I
h:ir hPlor's cl Pl!rf'f'S. ,ind PVPn 111:isli>r's df'l!rees in social work. P<'PS wPrP
106
I
To encou rage enrollme nt, Kolbe cle\'erly crafted the description of the
school as an "Inte rnationally supported degree-granting educational insti tu-
tion located in Haiti"' that provides "a four-year course of s tudy for the
107

becoming "li censed social workers.'' She also associated the school with the
Univers ity of l'vlichigan. Indeed, for the first couple of years most students
thought they were attending the University of Michigan. She offered all
,...,, ,1,....Y"\f.r ,-r"'\ .,...n , . ;,,,.._ .-. ... ,..,.),. ,...} ,.. ...,..}-.\1"\ I"' f •l-., " ,~.-,.,, ) fn A , . ,~.. .-. ~ 1, l"\r"IA _... ..-. , ~ r n.•~ror • n • • ' 1),,t

108

To e ncourage enrollment, Kolbe cleverly crafted the description of the

school as an "Internationally supported degree-grant ing educatio nal institu-
tion located in Haiti" that provides "a four-year course of study fo r the
Bachelor in Social Work (BSW)/Bachelor of Arts (BA) or the Master in
Social Work (MS\V)/l\faster of Arts (MA) degree," all prerequisites to
hP<'omini> "li <'Pn,Prl ,ori,11 wnrkPr<- - ShP ;,ilc:n ,1,,ori::itPrl thP i::C'hnnl with thP
109

thought they were attending the UniYers ity of Michigan. She offered all
students 50 percent scholarships (the real fee was$ 1, 000 per semester). But
to get th e scholarship, the hopeful young Haitian student had to s ign a
contract committing lo se,·eral hundred hours of work-study each semester
- ,\ithout oav.
110

access to the ETS school research facilities at reasona ble prices. The U.S.
researche rs were as foo led as th e Haitian s tudents. Most read the
111 - - -
-- -- ----l

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 66

J , J
' J

school were credible. U.S. researchers came to the school and pa id

Kolbe/ Duff for room, board and Kreyol lessons given by the unpaid student
teachers. Meanwhile, although the school was an "English language
112
- , ~ . .
teachers. Meanwhile, although the school was an ''English language
University," the courses were run almost entirely by Haitians, none of who m
had anything beyond a high schoo l diploma and all of whom were
instructing the s tudents m Kreyol or translating English to Kreyol for
Kolbe/ Duff and the graduate students. [35fil
113 -

The school had no license. Not from the United States. Not from thL J
~ a itian governn:ient. In fac~, de~pi~e-claimin_g i_n h er _~nline_!ntro_d uct_i~~to_
114

Haitian government. In fact, despite claiming in her online introduction to

the University that it was founded in association with, "only a h andful of
foreigners as well as several dozen Po1t-au-Prince based Haitian social
workers," neither the school nor Kolbe had a ny association wilh Haitian
academics at all. Since transforming herself into a scholar, the one
115

academics at alJ. Since transforming herself into a sch olar, the one
connection Kolbe had to a Haitian academic was before the earthquake
when she allied \vith Haitian professor Sergio Balistra. Balistra had gotten
his PhD from the State University of Haiti where, according to a biography
of the authors for a paper he was to give with Kolbe at the American Public
Health Association, he was a member of the faculty in the Department of
Sociolog_y. The problem with that is that the University of Haiti had no PhD
program at the ti me. The Sociology Department never had a faculty member
named Sergio Balistra. And none of Kolbe's Haitian assistants ever met
Sergio Balistra. Following the earthquake, Kolbe would report that Sergio
had been tragically killed in the disaster. The University of Michigan
commemorated his passing. Kolbe/ Duff wrote the eulogy. [35:z]
116

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 67

program at the time. The Sociology Departme nt never had a faculty member
named Sergio Balistra. And none of Kolbe's Haitian assistants ever met
Sergio Balistra. Following the earthquake, Kolbe would report that Sergio
117
-
acad emics at all . Since transforming he rself into a scholar, the o ne
connection Kolbe had to a Haitian academic ·was before the earthquake
when she allied vvith Haitian professor Sergio Balistra. Balis tra had gotten
I

118
.. .. _._ _ --· - - - i- - -- -- - ---·--r -, ..... ---- ----- - - r ... ·--- ••· ·-·- - - • · · · - ·· ..... --- __ .,. _.. __ ··-·- --
would com e crashing down aro und Kolbe. Sometime in late 2013 students
began to realize that the school had no accreditation inside or outs ide of
I

Haili. ln January 2014, the stude nts wrote to a series of University of

119
- -· . . .. . . . -. . - - .. - - I
Haiti. In January 2014, the students wrote to a series of Uni,·ersity of
Michigan administrators, including the n dean o f the School of Social Work,
Laura Lein, complaining that they thought they were studying under the
ausoices of the Universitv of Michigan. The\' 1wt no resoonse.
120

When the stude nts complained directly to Kolbe/Duff, she made them
even angrier. In a move that ma ny students interpreted as punishment,
Kolbe retroactively increased tuition rates, telling students they now had to
pay $600 per semester- an extra $100 more than the s tandard $500
tuition. And thev had to Dav it. not onlv fo r the uocoming semesters. but for
121

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Timothy Tuckennan Schwartz
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THE. GREAT HAI fl HUMANITARIAN AID SWINDLE

Haiti. In J anuary 2014, the students wrote to a series of University of

Michigan administrators, including then dean of the Sch ool of Social Work,
Laura Lein, complaining that they thought they were studying under the
auspices of the University of Michigan. They got no response.
When the students complained directly to Kolbe/Duff, she m ade them
even angrier. In a move that many students interpreted as punishment,
Kolbe retroactively increased tuition rates, telling students they now had to
pay $ 600 p er semester- an e>..i ra $ 100 more than the standard $500
tuition . And they h ad to pay it, not only for the upcoming semesters, but for
every semester they had ever attended th e school. This meant that students
who had been at the school for three years had to cough up US$900 or have
their studies terminated and get no credit.
The students, still hopeful that someone would honor their years at the
Institute of Social Work, faced their first major dilemma: challenge Kolbe by
not paying and, if they were wrong, lose the credits they had worked for; or
pay and keep hoping.
Twenty-nine of them challenged her. They didn't pay. They wrote a
letter to the U.S. Embassy comp laining that Kolbe had defrauded them.
The Embassy never responded to the students. But Kolbe did .
It was right about this point in ti me t hat another Balistra appeared. This
Balistra wasn't Haitian. She was from Agua Caliente, Peru. Her name was
J ennifer and it just so h appened that she was married to a member of the
U.S. fo reign service who worked at the U.S. Consulate in Haiti. Balistra
intervened. She sent an e-mail to Kolbe and her paitner in the school, Marie
Puccio. The message explained how Balistra's husband had discussed th e
sh1dent's complaints with his fellow consulate officials. The officials had
assured Balistra's husband that they knew all about Kolbe and ETS (the
Haiti acronym for the school), they had "a great impression of you, Marie,
Rob [Muggah], etc. and appreciate all the work you are doing in Haiti. They
have no negative views on you or on your work." The consulate was also
aware of the "erratic behavior" of some students and if the students did not
get together and recant th e accusations of their disgrun tied colleagues,

122

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 69

,-~J y-• ..,..........

't" ............... -~ -
.. ... ......... ................ "' .............. ................ .. .............. ............ ..... ... .. ............_.. .....
~
'Y J'V'V

tuition. And they had to pay it, not only fo r the upcoming semesters, but for
every sem ester they had ever attended the school. This meant that students
who had been at the school for three years had to cough up US$900 or have
their st udies terminated a nd get no credit.
123

tuition. And they had to pay it, not only for the upcoming semesters, but for
every semester th ey had ever atte nded the school. This meant that students
who had been at the school for th ree years h ad to cough up US$900 or have
I th eir studies te rmina ted and get no credit.
124

The students, still hopeful that someone would honor their yea rs at the
Institute of Social Work, faced their first major dilemma: challenge Kolbe by
not paying and, if they were wrong, lose the credits they had worked for; or
pay and keep hoping.
125 - - - - -

Twenty-nine of them challenged her. They did n·t pay. They wrote a
letter to the U.S. Embassy complaining that Kolbe had defrauded them.

126 -

letter to the U.S. Embassy complammg tllat Kolbe hact ctetrauctect them.
The Embassy ne\'er responded lo the students. But Kolbe did.
127

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Timothy Tuckennan Schwartz
Page 70

intervened. She sent an e-mail to Kolbe and her partner in the school, Marie
Puccio. The message explained how Balistra's husband had discussed the
student's complaints with his fellow consulate officials . The officials had
assured Balistrn's husband that they knew all about Kolbe and ETS (the
Haiti acronym for the school), they had "a great impression of you, i\larie,
Rob [l\luggah] , etc. and appreciate all the work you are doing in Haiti. They
have no negative views on you or on your work." The consulate was also
aware of the "erratic beha\ior" of some students and if the students did not
get together and recant the accusations of their disgruntled colleagues,

"students from ETS will likely not be able lo gel visas to the U.S. at all."
Specifically, the person al the consulate explaining al l this lo Balistra·s
husband concluded that, and this is all a direct quote from the letter:
... the only way for them lo resolve this would be lo send a
letter that clearly states:
The e-mail was sent in their name but was not autho1izcd by
them.
They don't agree with the views expressed in the letter.
They arc not being exploited at ETS or by the ETS
administration.
Whatc\'er concerns they have about their social work educa-
tion can and are being resolved by the administration in
Haiti. That they recognize that all social work students have
problems with the unpaid internship requirements in social
work educa tion .
They are being treated with respect and are not accusing
anyone Athena, Marie or anyone else at ETS of lying to them
or abusing them. That they were not forced lo sign papers or
agreements by the ETS staff against their will.
That they are salislied with the progress being made lo gel
recognition from the Ministry of Education.
That they apologize for the unprofessional behavior of others
however, the other individuals listed on the c-rnail arc not
actually ETS students.

128

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Timothy Tucke1man Schwartz
Page 71

That they apologize for the unprofessional behm·ior of others

however, the other individuals listed on the e-mail are not
actually ETS srudents.
That the individ ual or indh·iduals who sent the letter may
have other reasons to send it; that students are sometimes
u pset when they obligated to lea,·e school for financial
reasons or for other reasons.
I

That they hope this does not tarnish the good reputation of
I
I

ETS and the faculty, staff, a nd students of ETS.

The letter was inadvertently circulated to the entire student body.[35.8]

[359]
I -- -. - ... .. ..

Many of the s tudents, fearing they would lose their college credits and
worse, be fo rever deni ed a visa to go to the U.S., did recant. But some of the
129

worse, be foreYer denied a visa to go to the U.S., did recant. But some of the
more clever studenl'> asked Kolbe/Duff if they could have a face to face
meeting with J ennifer Balistra. Kolbe told them Balistra was s ick. When
130

meetfog ~,ith J ennifer Balistra. Kolbe told tl1em Balis tra was sick. When
they persisted, Kolbe told them that Balistra was in fact a paraplegic
introvert and couldn't come to the school. Some oftl1e students then ,,·ent to
131

introvert and couldn 't come to the school. Some of th e s tudents then went to
Jennifer Balistra's Facebook page where they found o,·er one h undred
pict ures o f themscl\'es-th c ETS students. There were no pictures of anyone
but ETS students. None of Peru or Jennifer's family or friends. There were
not even a ny pictures of J ennifer Balistra herself. The only picture the
132 --- -- --- --

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Timothy Tuckennan Schwartz
Page 72

but E'J'S students. None ot Peru or Jenrnter s tam1ly or tnends. There were
not C\'en any pictures of J ennifer Balistra herself. The only picture the
stude nts could find of Jennifer Balistra was on her Gmail account. In that
picture J e nnifer appeared healthy and s he had a young Peruvian-looking
child n ext to her. When one of the more tech-savvy students po pped the
picture into Tineye-a photo sea rch engi ne- the picture turned up on OYer
1,; sitPs . I t was :1 nonnPrl stiwk nhntn. Wlwn tlw sl 11rlP11ts wPn l h:i ck to
133

15 s ites. It was a cropped s tock photo. When th e s tudents went back to

Kolbe and said they didn't believe that Balistra even existed, Balistra·s
Facebook and Google accounts were gone the next day, as were an y mention
of hPr on ETS sitP.s. Snci<lPn lv Ralistra had nP.vP.r P.xistP.cl a t al l ( PXC'P.nt for th P.
134

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Timothy Tuckennan Schwaitz
Page 73

l HE GREAT HAITI HUMANITARIAN AID SWINDLE

ETS and the faculty, staff, and students of ETS.

The letter was inadvertently circulated to the entire student body.[35.8]

[359.]
Many of the students, fearing they would lose their college credits and
worse, be forever denied a visa to go to the U.S., did recant. But some of the
more clever students asked Kolbe/Duff if they could have a face to face
meeting with Jennifer Balistra. Kolbe told them Balistra was sick. When
they persisted, Kolbe told them that Balistra was in fact a paraplegic
introvert and couldn't come to the school. Some of the students then went to
Jennifer Balistra's Facebook page where they found over one hundred
pictures of themselves-tl1e ETS students. There were no pictures of anyone
but ETS students. None of Peru or J ennifer's family or friends. There were
not even any pictures of Jennifer Balistra herself. The only picture the
students could find of Jennifer Balistra was on her Gmail account. In that
picture Jennifer appeared healthy and she had a young Peruvian-looking
child next to her. When one of the more tech-savvy students popped the
picture into Tineye- a photo search engine-the picture turned up on over
15 sites. It was a cropped stock photo. When the students went back to
Kolbe and said they didn't believe that Balistra even existed, Balistra's
Facebook and Google accounts were gone the next day, as were any mention
of her on ETS sites. Suddenly Balistra had never existed at all (except for the
fact that much of these pages had been saved).
Apparently undaunted, but anticipating the eminent intervention of the
Haitian Ministry of Education-to whom the students had also been com-
plaining-Kolbe put together a board of American scholars and applied to
the Haitian Ministry of Education for a license. On the board was herself,
her partner, and several other the University of Michigan graduate students,
none of whom had a PhD at the time. Kolbe would soon learn that
foreigners could not get a license to open a private University in Haiti. Only
Haitian citizens could do that . And to open a University someone had to be
a PhD Being a graduate student was not enough. According to a U.S.

135

f acebook and Google accounts were gone the next clay, as were any menti on
of her on ETS sites. Suddenly Balistra had never exis ted at all (except for the
fact that much of these pages had been saved).
136

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 74

Apparently undaunted, but anticipating the eminent intervention of the

Haitian Ministry of Education-to whom the students had also been com-
plaining-Kolbe put together a board of American scholars and applied to
the Haitian :Ministry of Education for a license. On th e board was herself,
1--.,.....,. .,...,.,,'9"'... ...,.,..H. n..-...-l ...,.,...,u.-...,,..,1 r.. -1-h.-. .... +-1... ...,, T T....,,;, ..,... ,~~;h, ,..+ 1\.f; .-.1..,;,.....,...., .,,.,~n.4.,1"'½-n rh,rln.,--.-f.~

137

Apparently undaunted, but anticipating the eminent intervention of the

Haitian l\'Iin istry of Education-to whom the students had also been com-
plaining-Kolbe put together a board of American scholars and applied to
the Haitian Ministry of Education for a license. On the board was herself,
her partner, and several other the University of Michigan graduate students,
none of whom had a PhD at the time. Kolbe would soon learn that
138

the Haitian Ministry of Education for a license. On the board was herself,
her partner, and several other the University of Michigan graduate students,
none of whom had a PhD at the time. Kolbe would soon learn that
foreigners could not get a license to open a private University in Haiti. Only
Haitian citizens could do that. And to open a Universitv someone had to be
139

none ot w11om 11ae1 a l:'tUJ at tne ume. K.OIDe WOUid soon tearn tnar
foreigners could not get a license to open a private University in Haiti. Only
Haitian citizens could do that. And to open a University someone had to be
a PhD Being a graduate student was not enough. According to a U.S.
140

a PhD Being a graduate student was not enough. According to a U.S.

I - -
I
graduate student who worked with Kolbe, the next application was in the
name of a Haitian PhD, a woman who had the first and rather suspicious, if I
humorous , name of Sopho ny (So-Phony). I
.
141

Kolbe/ Duffs story would not be anything more than that of one more
foreign oppo1tunis t cranking out shoddy data and preying on impoverished
I Haitians in a country where there are few enforced administrative laws, if it
142 ...
--

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Timothy Tuckennan Schwartz
Page 75

sector and the United Nations securi ty forces. She had hvicc claimed and
provided evidence for a Haitian rape epidemic more severe than any known
on earth at the time. She had brought those epidemics to life in a detailed
143

on earth at the time. She had brought lhose epidemics to life in a detailed
firsthand account of trying to help a rape victim for which she was not
present. She was also making a play to pos ition her School of Social Work
- -
144
-
present. She was also making a play to position her School of Social Work
(ETS) to the status of research gate keeper by means of a sitting ethical
review board over w hich she presided and lhat would give her the power to I
fil ter the research of other scholars working in Haiti while approving I
145

present. She was also making a play to position her School of Social Work
(ETS) to the status of research gate keeper by means of a sitting ethical I
review board over which she presided and th at would give her the power to
filter the research of other scholars working in Haiti while approving
research for herself, at least some of which would never have been allowed
in the U.S. (such as the 2 0 06, 2009, and 2010 studies of rape). And perhaps
I
146
- ~-
people or baiting them with sweetness and sympathy. She had accomplished
- -
it by baiting them ,vith promises of original research and publications and
facilitating access to Haiti and to CV-buildjng experiences at a fake

147
University. She made a good first impression. But she had left in her wake
.
.J.&.1. -., \..1.l \.,l..l'I.A. 1..I VVV\.,1.11. \. VI. 1.l ) lll b 1,. V 11'- .I.P U 1. U J-.1....,_ 't l.'--' "'-.l&ll. I. V I. , , 1 J. 1 ' - i .1. ..,I. J. .._, l t l.,.h ,J II VI.-

present. She was also making a play to position her School of Social Work
(ETS) to the status of research gate keeper by means of a s itting ethical
review board over which she pres ided and that wo uld give her the power to
filter the research of other scholars working in Haiti while approving

J
research fo r herself, at least some of which would never have been allowed
in the U.S. (such as the 2006, 2009, and 201 0 studies of rape). And perhaps
148 -----

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwaiiz
Page 76

scores of disgru ntled Haitian students and staff, as well as foreign

researchers and graduate students, a t least four of ,.vhom had written letters
of comolaint to the Universitv of Michigan School of Social Work. Chief
149

scores of disgrun tled Haitian students and staff, as well as foreign

researchers and graduate s tudents, at least four of whom had written letters
of complaint to the University of Michigan School of Social Work. Chief
among their complaints was that Kolbe was lying to students, financially
exploiting them, and that the education they were getting was substandard.
None ever got a response. In 201s she was awarded her PhD from the
150

of complaint to the University of .Michigan School of Social Work. Chief

among their complaints was that Kolbe was lying to students, financially
exploiting them, and that the education they were getting was substandard.
151

of complaint to the University of Michigan School of Social Work. Chief

among their complaints was that Kolbe was lying to s tudents, financially
exploiting them, and that the education they were getting was substandard.
152
Endnotes

Obviously, how many rapes occm in a ny pmticulnr

tru1
country and over any particular period of time will depend
on how rape is defined. The definitions va ry widely. In
some countries penetration is necessary. In oth er countries
any forcible sex is considered rape. It is not clear h ow
Kolbe and Hutson defined rape. They did not say.
153

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
Page 77

~ The name of the Kolbe/ Hutson post-earthquake report

was "Assessing needs after the quake: Sexual \iolence,
property crime and property damage." The full citation is,
Kolbe, A.R., Shannon, H., Levitz, N, Muggah, R., Hutson,
R.A., James, L., Puccio, M., Trzcinski, E., Noel, J .R., Miles,
B. (2010). "Assessing Needs After the Quake: Se:-.."Ual
Violence, Property Crime and Property Damage." Geneva:
Small Arms Survey.
http://new-research.socia1work.wa}ne.edu/ index.php?
option=com_content &view=article&id=1712 :assessing-
needs-after-the-quake-sexual-violence-property-crime-
and-property-
damage&catid=295:publications&ltemid=58A Study by
the University of 1Iichigan and the Small Arms
Survey
But elsewhere they published it as:
Kolbe, A.R., Hutson, R. A., Shannon, H.A., Trzcinski, E,
Miles, B., Le,itz, N., Puccio, M., James, L., Noel, J.R.,
.Muggah, R. (2010). "Mortality, crime and access to basic
needs before and after tl1e Haiti earthquake: a random
survey of Port-au-Prince households." 1\!Iedicine, Conflict
154

E5l According to Kolbe et al 2011, .3 per cent of a general

population sample reported being a victim of se:\."Ual
violence in the six weeks after the earthquake. ,vith all but
one case involving a female victims, this mean that it could
be extrapolated to infer that if it continued it would be an
annual rate of 7% of all women. (See: Kolbe, Athena R.,
Royce A. Hutson , Harry Shannon , Eileen Trzcinski, Bart
155

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
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~ In the original draft of their study Muggah, Kolbe and

the other 6 University professors who co-authored the
156

ldl In the original draft of their study Muggah, Kolbe and l

the other 6 UniYersity professors who co-authored the
report put the number of p eople raped at 3 percent of
those sampled, 6% of females. The en-or ,vas corrected in I
the published version. j
157

comes from the past: of the 29 households where peop1e

reported son1e fan1ily n1en1ber had been assaulted, 5 of
the1n reported the smn e thing in the survey four years
earlier.
158

But then, as discussed at length in Chapter 8, there is good

reason to belieYe the survev
., never occurred .

See: Kolbe, Athena R., Royce A. Hutson , Harry Shannon ,

159

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Timothy Tucke1man Schwartz
Page 79

At a certain point, seemingly fed up with the lack of

!.:U!.l
sympathy from the intenrntional community, Duff issued
what sounded like a threat that Aristide's supporters were
now justified in launching violent reprisals entitling an

article, "\Ve \Von't Be Peaceful and Let Them Kill Us Any

Longer" (Interview with Haitian Activist Rosean Baptiste,
interviewed by Lyn Duff, 4 November 2005).

160

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
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w lt seems rather bizarre that the British 'vvere suddenly

battling each other over Haitian politics and reaching

across the Atlantic to menace American scholars who

didn't agree with them. The last British ambassador to
Haiti, Gerard Corley-Smith, was expelled in 1962 because
he complained about treatment of foreign nationals. The
British ha\'e not seemed to care much about Haiti since.
Nor are there many Haitian immigrnnts in Britain. At the
time of the Lancet report there were 164 of them. It's
unlikely that there is British immigrant in all of Haiti. And
the British government never reopened an embassy.
Today, Haiti doesn 't have an embassy in Britnin nnd
Britain does nol have one in Haiti. The Haiti Support
Group for which Arthu r was associated is a non-partisan
British organization that supports civil sector
organizations and is itse1f supported by British NGOs like
OXFA.M 1 Christian Aid and Amnesty International and
members. It has not taken sides with either the right or the
left: not in the near civil war that was brewing at the time,
nor in their presentation today of who did what and was
more at fault for Haiti's nnderdeYelopment. Indeed,
putting aside Graham Greene's noYel The Comedians, it
was probably the first time in at least 100 years that
anyone or anything British had been mixed up in Haiti
politics. It was all about an article \vritten in a medical
journal. Suddenly yo u had Brits making death threats and,
ostensibly, sending fake bombs and dead rats to the U.S.
161

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Timothy Tuckerman Schwartz
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And they were sophisticated enough not to get caught by

Scotland Yard.

Lm.lIn the subsequent surveys, that of 2009 and 2 010, the

10 authors claimed that "This study was approved by the
University of Michigan Institutional Review Board." If it's
true, shame on the University of Michigan. But it's hard to
believe it could possibly true. More likely is that they told
the review board one thing and then did another.
162

Ul:1
In fact, Duff had resigned from KPFA in 1997. She claimed
in her resignation letter that managenrnnt had 1nistreated
her. Specifically, in a confrontation over the release of
163

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an interesting commentary accusing the woman who had

pressured Duff and apparently fired her of exploiting the
fact that Duff had been '" tortured ~, apparen tly a re fenmce
to her shock treatments when institutionalized in Utah.
Here are the comments:
From: m ... @netcom.com (~lark S. Bilk)
i\Iessage-Id: <.1997o41812 ... @n etcon112.netcom.com>
164

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Subject: L)11 Duffs History and Resignation

To: progress... @tango.rahul.net
Date: Fri, 18 Apr 1997 05:46:38 -0700 (PDT)
This is L)11 Duffs resignation letter. She was a reporter
with "Flashpoints" on KPFA.
Thanks for posting this, Lyn!
It is worthwhile to look up L)11 Duff in DejaNews and
AltaVista.
For example, at this \Veb page 1s an interview she did
\\1th Jean-Bertrand Aristide:

http://www.pacificnews.org/yo/issnes/ 1996/6.2/ cluff-

aristide.html, "This is the Family of God": An Interview
with Jean-Bertrand Aristide by L)11 Duff
Regarding the reason she left KPFA, Lyn has described on
Flashpoints and on national TV, how, as a 15 (I think) year
old lesbian, she was kidnapped by thugs hired by her
parents, and imprisoned in a mental hospital in Utah
(ironically called Rivendell) run by extremely homophobic
Mormons.
She and hundreds of other homosexual kids \Vere variously
subjected to drugs, electroshock, solitary confinement for
days on end. sometimes in the dark, "four-point

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restraints" (hand cuffs and leg irons), "aversion

therapy>' (being forced to breathe mnmonia while looking
at pictures of people of the same gender), and were held
down and sat on by strong adults and scremned at violently
for hours at a time. They were told that they were mentally
ill perverts and child-molesters and would never be able to
live happy lives unless they changed.

All this was done to the1n solely to force them to stop being
ho1nosexual, v,hich was the only reason they were put in
the facility. Of course it failed, and several of those who1n
Lyn knew personally c01n1nitted suicide as a result of this
treatlnent, which is *still* being used there on gay and
lesbian teenagers.

Lyn is in fact a survivor of prolonged torture, and has told

her story in public in various forums, including KPFA. It
seen1s extremely likely that (certainly by last Fa11) Alnina
Hassan knew Lyn's history, and, consciously or
unconsciously, subjected her to the same kind of prolonged
authoritarian screa1ning, threats, and verbal degradation
that she knew L}n had experienced before, and that would
reawaken in her the sa1ne feelings of te1Tor.
This is unforgivable.

https://groups.google.c01n/fon1m/ # !

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':)/j/ ~VlU

mfil As if all this is not enough, the name Athena Kolbe also
just happens to be a combination of nomenclature for the
Greek goddess of wisdom, useful arts, and prudent
vvarfare-Athena- and the Catholic patron saint of
journalism-Saint Maximilian Kolbe.
I
165

The exact hyphenated name that Duff claimed to ha\'e

!:.w.1
been using is "Athena L)11 Duff-Kolbe." But prior to 2006
that name ne\·er appears in any of her Haiti reports, nor
anywhere else.
166

~ I can only understand the reference to their "team of

North American researchers as a kind of self-promotion
and academic slight of my team. My team was composed of
me, a Haitian Ph.D. and one from Martinique. But for
those who care about degrees and pedigrees- I don't- the
Haitian was Yves Francois who got his Ph.D. in Sociology
from Columbia UniYersity in NYC and from Martinique,
Eric Calpas, who got his Ph.D. in Sociology from Sorbonne
in Paris. 1
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wilAs for why Kolbe had published Opinion pages of the

LA Tim es, of all places, as it turns out that editor of the LA
Opinion pages is none other than the husband of Amy
Wilentz, author of the Rainy Season, the major work
defending the rise of Aristide. \Vilentz and Lyn Duff were
both ad\'oca.te-journalists working \A.rith Aristide in the
mid-1990s. \Villentz was unhappy ,,rith the death toll
contro\'ersy and the negative impact that many thought it
had on Haiti recovery effort.
168

u.;,u To be exact, Duff/ Kolbe, speaks no French, a

smattering of Kreyol and she understands even less than
she speaks. I would estimate her Kreyol at the linguistic
capacity of a 3- year-old, an observation corroborated by
the many students I know who have worked with her and
by Glen Smucker, another U.S. Ph.D. fluent in Kreyol who
was baffled by how she has accomplished so much in Haiti
while so linguistically limited. Indeed, I was rather stunned
to learn this myself when I first met her. This is a person, a
scholar no less, who has been working and intermittently
lived in Haiti for 27 years. Yet, she is not functional in the
common language. Nor does she make any pretense
otherwise. She uses translators \Vith her students and she
does not participate in teaching Kreyol to foreigners in the
courses she offers. Indeed, to my knowledge Duff/ Kolbe
has ne\'er made an eff01i to systematically learn Kreyol or
French.

169

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otherwise. She uses translators with her students and she

does not participate in teaching Kreyol to foreigners in the
courses she offers. Indeed, to my knowledge Duff/ Kolbe
170

to learn this myself when I firs t met her. This is a person, a

scholar no less, who has been working and intermittently
Ji,·ed in Haiti for 27 years. Yet, she is not functional in the
171

inconsistencies. Their WFP survey of Cash-for-\Nork

participant turned up only 3 of 5 1000 individuals in the
earthquake strike zone who had lost a fellow household
member in the earthquake. If they had used that as a
sample to estimate the number of people killed, they would
have 2:otten 0 . 000 dead. That should have been enou2:h to
172

community and l 1 either remained silent on findings or,

I more often, accepted them. No one was \'etting the process.
No one \Vas questioning the findings. Perhaps they simply
assumed that being academics from no fewer than five U.S.
and Northen1 European institutions the co~authors of the
study must be credible.
173

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I know far more about Duff/ Kolbe's work than fits

Lli:l
appropriately into the main te:xi. But it should be
documented somewhere, hence this endnote. I had in fact
worked with Duff/ Kolbe on the \t\TFP survey mentioned
earlier. After Muggah and Kolbe published the Op/ Ed in
the LA Times criticizing me, Kolbe contacted me. I took the
opportunity to plug for the "vigorous discussion of
estimates" but she ,.,,·as evasive, promised to pursue the
issue with the other professors and never got back to me.
Not on that anyway. \Vhat she did was pay me to nm one
of the \VFP smYeys. In effect, they had slammed me and
my credibility in a major U.S. Newspaper and then called
and offered me S10,ooo cash to do a 1-week survey. At this
point I had been black-listed by USAID and vvas out of
work. I took the job. One of the first things I did was asked
174

earlier. After Mnggnh and Kolbe published the Op/ Ed in

the LJ\ Times criticizing me, Kolbe contacted me. I took the

175

the LA Times criticizing me, Kolbe contacted me. I took the

opportunity lo plug fo r the "vigorous discussion of
estimates" but she was evasive, promised to pmsue the
issue with the other professors and never got back to me.
Not on that anyway. \\That she did was pay me to run one
I
176

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work. I took the job. One of the first things I did was asked
to see the questionnaire they had already applied to 5,000
respondents. The questionnaire was incoherent, both
grammatically and linguistically. There was no way that a
Haiti speaker could have had any idea what they were
asking about. Roger Noel 1 co-author or the earlier
1it:ichigan Study was responsible for the questionnaire.
vVhen I insisted I could not be associated lvith the survey
questionnaire and that my surveyors could not apply it,
Kolbe called Noel and told him to come back with his
surYey team to the United Nations log base in Port-au-

Prince. He subsequently had "car problems." We wouldn't

see him again for several months. This meant a lot of
things. This was November 2 011, they'd already done
5,000 surveys, and the instrument is incoherent. This also
meant that Duff/ Kolbe who had been working in Haiti at
this point for 17 years, and doing surveys for 6 years, had
no idea what was on the survey instrument. She was not
literate in Kreyol and neither, apparently, was Noel ve1y
literate. That particular survey subsequently melted down
177

5,000 surveys, and the instrument is incoherent. This also

meant that Duff/ Kolbe who had been v,orking in Haiti at
this point for 17 years, and doing surveys for 6 years, had
no idea what was on the sur\'ey instrument. She was not
literate in Kreyol and neither, apparently, was Noel very
literate. That prui.icular survey subsequently melted down •
178

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literate. That particular survey subsequently melted down

when Duff/ Kolbe discovered a case of a World Vision
employee who had been using food to induce a 14-year old
girl to have sex with him. Suddenly the survey was not so
important. More pressing was the 14-year old, something,
whether true or not, Duff/ Kolbe recounted to me had
reduced the assistant WFP country director, Stephen
Kearney, to tears. \Vhatever the motivations behind the
discovery and the reactions, it was the type of development
we see oyer and o\·er in Kolbe's history, an appeal to
emotional and politically charged events that dish·act
everyone from the credibility of research. One more thing
179

we see oYer and over in Kolbe's history, an appeal to

emotional and politically charged events tlrnt distract
everyone from the credibility of research. One more thing
all this meant, apparently WFP had never had anyone
li terate check the survey instrument. Not before nor after
the surveys \\'ere done. Nor apparently, did they ever detect
that the questionnaire had been radically modified after I
was hired.

180

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literate. That paiticular survey subsequently melted dovvn

when Duff/ Kolbe discovered a case of a World Vision
employee who had been using food to induce a 14-year old
girl to lun-e sex ,1,,ith him. Suddenly the survey was not so
important. w1ore pressing was the 14-yenr old, something,
whether true or not, Duff/Kolbe recounted to me had
reduced the assistant \ VFP count1y director, Stephen
Kearney, to tears. vVhateYer the motivations behind the
discovery and the reactions, it was the type of development
we see over and over in Kolbe's hist01y, an appeal to
e111otional and politically charged events that distract
everyone from the credibility of research . One 1nore thing
all this meant, apparently vVFP had never had anyone
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One interesting aside to all this is that while I \\·as basically

kept in the eaves, I became friendly at the time ½1th the
new WFP director responsible for surveys, Byron
Poncesegura, who had read and appreciated another book
I had written, Travesty i11 Haiti. At some point Royce
Hutson who was apparently a principal consultant flew to
Haiti to meet \vith \VFP about the surveys. But he never
met with Byron, who was furious about the incident, i.e.,
about being avoided. Nor did I get to meet Hutson. After
Hutson left mentioned that Hutson was so upset about the
surveys that he had hung up the telephone on her. Again, I
was nothing more than a very highly paid field di rector for
a very small part of the overall survey and I was largely
kept in the dark, but what all this suggested to me was that,
a) Hutson and the University professors must have realized
the survey was a mess, if not bogus, and b) \·VFP never
really followed up on anything to do with the survey, not
the data, nor the questionnaires. No even after Byron had
been shirked by the Principal Consultant.
182

So not to overwhelm the r eader, 1\·e omitted some facts

!..h[}

regarding Balistra. She first appeared as a new

administrator in e-mails to the students when Kolbe's head
of staff-a 27-year-old high-school educated Haitian
woman- accused her of unwanted se~ual advances (from
183 -------------------- - - - - - - - - -

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ll:ifil So
not to overwhelm the reader, J\·e omitted some facts
regarding Balistra. She fo·st appeared as a new
administrator in e-mails to the students when Kolbe's head
of staff-a 27-year-old high-school educated Haitian
,..,·oman-accused her of unwanted se:\"llal advances (from
184

Ll'ifil So
not to ovenvhelm the reader, J'ye omitted some facts
regarding Balistra. She first appeared as a new
administrator in e-ma ils to the students when Kolbe's head
of staff- a 27-year-old high-school educated Haitian
woman- accused her of unwanted sexual advances (from
Kolbe). Sti11 thinking the school was somehow more than
Kolbe's own concoction, the woman complained to a US
Doctoral student from the University of Michigan and
newly signed on administrator for ETS. Balistra introduced
herself in an e-m ail to the U.S. doctoral sh1dent:
From: Jennifer Balistra
[mailto:[email protected]]
Sent: Friday, February 07, 2014 11:41 A.11
185

LlldBut through ber position as ostensibly longstanding

e1ninent scholarly authority on Haiti and chancellor of ETS
she cowed the foreign academics. Her apparent supp01t
frorn the University and her seem mg omniscient
186

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From: J ennifer Balistra

<[email protected]>
Date: Sun, Sep 2 1, 20 14 at 3:17 PM
Subject: LO ";sa situation
To: Athena Kolbe <[email protected]>, Marie
Puccio <[email protected]>
Good afternoon. Sorry for the delny in responding and for
calling you ten times like a stalker this morning.
As I said earlier, I asked my husband to intervene
regarding the LO visa situation .....
I spoke t11is morning with Suzanne who explained a few
things:

1) The embassy in PAP as a great impression of you, Marie,

Rob, etc. and appreciate all the \York you are doing in
Haiti. They have no negative vie..,vs on you or on your work.
2) ETS has developed a poor reputation at the consulate
because of the erratic behavior of your students, the
constant e-mails and phone calls from students claiming to

But through her p os1t1on as ostensibly longstanding

U2!ll
eminent scholarly authority on Haiti and chancellor of EIS
she cowed the foreign academics. Her apparent support
from the Unh·ersity and her see111mg omniscient
187

The students had complained. Graduate stude nts had

complained. Many had written to University of Michigan
188

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and gotten no response. Not even remotely fluent in

Haitian Kreyol 1 she none the less became an expert on
189

and gotten no response. Not even remotely fluent in

Haitian Kreyol, she none the less becan1e an expert on
Haitian securitv and crime. Even the United Nations
Intelligence agency was listening to her and follmving her
research. And she weighed 111 on in a ½1.ldly
disproportionate degree of subjects as far afield from her
mvn supposed e.\.-pertise as food security. Indeed, she
190

would weigh in at critical moments \vith supposedly valid

survey data- that was never vetted-to encourage a
flooding of Haiti with food aid in 2012, something
191

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