CHAPTER 14- PROBABILITY

ASSIGNMENT
Choose the correct answer from the given four options
1. An event is very unlikely to happen, its probability is closest to
(A) 0.0001 (B) 0.001 (C) 0.01 (D) 0.1
2. If an event occurs surely, then its probability is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) ½ (D) ¾
3. The probability of getting a perfect square number from the numbers 1 to 10 is :
(A) 3/10 (B) ½ (C) 2/5 (D) 1/5
4. Two dice are thrown simultaneously, the probability of getting a doublet is
(A) 5/36 (B) 1/12 (C) 1/9 (D) 1/6
5. The probability of getting a bad egg in a lot of 400 eggs is 0.035. The number of bad
eggs in the lot is
(A) 7 (B) 14 (C) 21 (D) 28
6. In tossing a die, the probability of getting an odd number or a number less than 4 is :
(A) 1 (B) ½ (C) 2/3 (D) ¾
7. Which of the following can be the probability of an event ?
(A) −0.05 (B) 1.005 (C) 0.375 (D) 9/7
8. A girl calculates the probability of her winning the game in a match is 0.08. What is the
probability of her losing the game,
(A) 91% (B) 8% (C) 92% (D) 80%
9. The probability of getting exactly two tails, when three coins are tossed simultaneously
is :
(A) 1/8 (B) ½ (C) 3/8 (D) 5/8
10. A box contains cards bearing numbers from 6 to 70. If one card is drawn at random from
the box, the probability that it bears a one digit number is
(A) 1/16 (B) 4/65 (C) 1/13 (D) 1/14
DIRECTION: In the question number 11 and 12, a statement of assertion (A) is
followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option
11. Statement A (Assertion): If you toss a coin 6 times and it comes down heads on each
occasion, then the probability of getting a head is 1.
Statement R( Reason) : The sum of the probabilities of all the elementary events of an
experiment is 1.

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 (A) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation
of assertion (A)
(B) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A)
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
12. Statement A (Assertion): When a die is rolled, the probability of getting a number
which is a multiple of 3 and 5 both is zero.
Statement R (Reason): The probability of an impossible event is zero.
(A) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation
of assertion (A)
(B) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A)
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

13. Chances of winning a game are 60%. If Anil has played the game 20 times, find the
number of times he can expect to lose.
14. A jar contains 27 marbles. Some of them are green and other are blue. If a marble is
2
drawn at random from the jar, the probability that it is green is 3 . Find the number of

blue marbles in the jar.

𝑥 1
15. The probability of winning a game is 12 . The probability of losing it is 3. Find the value

of 𝑥.
16. A bag contains 4 red, 5 green and 3 yellow balls. A ball is drawn at random from the
bag. What is the probability that the drawn ball is not green?
17. A bundle of cards numbered from 5 to 20 are put in a box. One card is drawn at random
from the box. What is the probability that the number on the card is a multiple of both 2
and 5?
Short Answer Questions
18. The probability of selecting a blue marble at random from a jar that contains only blue,
1
black and green marbles is 5 . The probability of selecting a black marble at random

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 1
from the same jar is 4. If the jar contains 11 green marbles, find the total number of

marbles in the jar.

19. A number 𝑥 is chosen at random from the numbers −3, −2, −1,0,1,2. What is the
probability that 𝑥 2 ≤ 4?
20. A number 𝑥 is chosen at random from the numbers −5, −4, −3, −2, −1,0,1,2,3. What is
the probability that |𝑥| < 3?
21. A number 𝑥 is selected at random from the numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4. Another number 𝑦 is
selected at random from the numbers 1, 4, 9 and 16. Find the probability that product of
𝑥 and 𝑦 is less than 16. (CBSE 2016)
𝑎
22. In figure, is shown a disc on which a player spins an arrow twice. The fraction 𝑏 is

formed, where ‘a’ is the number of sector on which arrow stops on the first spin and ‘b’
is the number of the sector in which the arrow stops on second spin. On each spin, each
sector has equal chance of selection by the arrow. Find the probability that the fraction
𝑎
> 1. (CBSE 2016)
𝑏

23. In a game, Raju asks his friend Karan to write down a two-digit number secretly. What is
the probability that Karan will write a doublet? What is the probability that Karan’s
number is divisible by 2, 3 and 5?
24. The army purchased 1250 guns from a dealer. If in every lot of 50 guns, there are only
47 good guns, find the probability that from a lot of 50 guns, we get a defective gun.
How many defective guns do you expect in the purchase of 1250 guns?
25. A two digit number is chosen at random such that the sum of its digits is 11.
a) Write the sample space.
b) Find the probability that the number is even.
c) Find the probability that the number is greater than 50.
d) Find the probability that the number is divisible by 11.
26. Two unbiased coins are tossed simultaneously. What is the probability of getting
a) all heads?
b) at least one head?

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c) at most one tail?
27. Anjali draws a card from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability that
she draws :
a) a spade b) a card other than an ace.
c) spade or an ace d) Red and Queen
e) the seven of club f) neither an ace nor a king.
28. All the face cards are removed from a pack of 52 cards and are then shuffled well. One
card is selected from the remaining cards. What is the probability of
a) getting an ace? c) getting 10 of spade?
b) getting a red card? d) getting a number less than 5?
29. A cartoon consists of 100 shirts of which 88 are good, 8 have minor defects and 4 have
major defects. Jimmy, a trader, will only accept the shirts which are good, but Sujata,
another trader, will only reject the shirts which have major defects. One shirt is drawn at
random from the carton. What is the probability that
a) it is acceptable to Jimmy ?
b) it is acceptable to Sujata?
30. A bag contains 18 balls out of which 𝑥 balls are red.
a) If one ball is drawn at random from the bag, what is the probability that it is red ?
9
b) If 2 more red balls are put in the bag, the probability of drawing a red ball will be 8 times

the probability of drawing a red ball in the first case. Find the value of 𝑥.
31. Three different coins are tossed together. Write the sample space. Find the probability of
getting
a) exactly two heads d) at most two heads
b) at least two heads e) head and tail appear alternatively
c) at least two tails f) at most three heads
32. In a single throw of a pair of different dice, what is the probability of getting
a) Same number on both the dice.
b) Different numbers on both dice?
c) Sum at least 10
d) multiple of 2 on one dice and a multiple of 3 on the other.
e) the product of numbers on the top of dice as 12
f) prime number on each dice? (CBSE 2016)
33. Find the probability that a non-leap year chosen at random has

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a) 52 Sundays
b) 53 Sundays
34. What is the probability that a leap year chosen at random has
a) 53 Sundays
b) 53 Sundays and 53 Mondays
c) 53 Sundays or 53 Saturdays.
35. What is the probability that in a leap year chosen at random, the month of February has
a) 5 Mondays
b) 4 Mondays
36. Find the probability that in a year chosen at random, the month of November has
a) 5 Sundays
b) 4 Sundays
37. There are 500 sealed envelopes in a box, 10 of them contain a cash prize of Rs. 100
each, 50 of them contains a cash prize of Rs. 50 each and 100 of them contain a cash
prize of Rs. 10 each, and the rest do not contain any cash prize. If they are well shuffled
and then an envelope is picked up, what is the probability that it contains
a) no cash prize?
b) a cash prize of Rs. 100?
c) at least a prize?
38. A game of chance consists of an arrow which comes to rest,
pointing at one of the regions 1, 2, or 3. O is the centre of the
circle, OC ⊥AB. Find the probability that
(1) arrow is resting on 3
(2) arrow is resting on 1
(3) arrow is not resting on 2
39. A box contains cards bearing numbers from 6 to 70. If one card is drawn at random from
the box, find the probability that it bears
a) a number divisible by 5.
b) an odd number less than 30.
c) a composite number between 50 and 70. (CBSE 2015)
40. A die has its six faces marked 0,1,1,1, 6, 6. Two such dice are thrown together and the
total score is recorded.
a) How many different scores are possible ?
b) What is the probability of getting a total of 7 ?

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41. At a fete, cards bearing numbers 1 to 1000, one number on one card, are put in a box.
Each player selects one card at random and that card is not replaced. If the selected card
has a perfect square greater than 500, the player wins a prize. What is the probability that
(a) the first player wins a prize?
(b) the second player wins a prize, if the first has won?
CASE STUDY BASED
42. Dengue is one of the most prevalent public health issues in India. Over the decades,
dengue has flourished dramatically.
In a hospital there are 200 beds for patients. Of these 120 are occupied by males and
remaining by females. 20% of the males and 40% of the females are suffering from
malaria and rest of them from Dengue. If a patient is selected at random, find the
probability that he/she is :
(i) Female patient.
(ii) Male patient suffering from malaria.
(iii) Female patient suffering from dengue.
Answers (i) 2/5 (ii) 3/25 (iii) 6/25
43. A circular dartboard has sections numbered from 1 to 8 as shown below. Players have to
make a prediction and throw a dart. They win if their dart lands on the section that
matches their prediction.
Arya says, "My dart will land on a composite number."
Bashir says, "My dart will land on an even number."
Cathy says, "My dart will land on a number greater than 2."

Calculate the probability of each of their predictions occurring and determine who has
the highest chances of winning.
3 1 3
Answers: 8 , 2 , 4 Cathy has the highest chances of winning

ANSWER KEY

1. A
2. B

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3. A
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. C
9. C
10. B
11. D
12. A
13. 8
14. 9
15. 8
16. 7/12
17. 1/8
18. 20
19. 5/6
20. 5/9

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21. 7/16 22. 5/12 23. 1/10; 1/30 24. 3/50; 75
25. (a) 𝑆 = {29, 92, 65, 56, 74, 47, 83, 38} (b) ½ (c) 5/8 (d) 0
26. (a) 1/4 (b) 3/4 (c) 3/4
27. (a) ¼ (b) 12/13 (c) 4/13 (d) 1/26 (e) 1/52 (f) 11/13
28. (a) 1/10 (b) ½ (c) 1/40 (d) 3/10
𝑥
29. (a) 0.88 (b) 0.96 30. (a) 18 (b) 8

31. 𝑆 = {𝐻𝐻𝐻, 𝐻𝐻𝑇, 𝐻𝑇𝐻, 𝐻𝑇𝑇, 𝑇𝐻𝐻, 𝑇𝐻𝑇, 𝑇𝑇𝐻, 𝑇𝑇𝑇}

(a) 3/8 (b) ½ (c) ½ (d) 7/8 (e) ¼ (f) 1
32. (a) 1/6 (b) 5/6 (c) 1/6 (d) 11/36 (e) 1/9 (f) ¼
33. (a) 6/7 (b) 1/7 34. (a) 2/7 (b) 1/7 (c) 3/7
35. (a) 1/7 (b) 6/7 36. (a) 2/7 (b) 5/7
37. (a) 17/25, (b) 1/50, (c) 8/25 38. (a) ½ (b) ¼ (c) ¾
39. (a) 1/5 (b) 12/65 (c) 3/13
40. (a) 6; 𝑆 = {0,1,2,6,7,12} , (b) 1/3
41. (i) 0.009 (ii) 8/999

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 EXTENDED LEARNING

1. A fair die is rolled. The probability of getting a number 𝑥 such that 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 6, is

(A) 0 (B) 𝑃(𝑥) > 1 (C) 0 < 𝑃(𝑥) < 1 (D) 1
2. A girl calculates that the probability of her winning the first prize in a lottery is 0.08. If
6000 tickets are sold, how many tickets has she bought?
(A) 40 (B) 240 (C) 480 (D) 750
3. A card is drawn from a well shuffled pack of 52 playing cards. The probability that the
card is a red or a queen is
1 1 1 7
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 13

4. The probability of getting a number between 1 and 25 which is prime is

2 9 5 4
(A) 23 (B)23 (C)23 (D) 23

5. Which of the following cannot be the probability of an event?

1 17
(A)3 (B) 0.1 (C) 3 % (D)16

6. In tossing a die, the probability of getting an odd number or a number less than 4 is :
1 2 3
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

7. If a die is thrown once, the probability of getting a number less than 3 and greater than 2
is
1 2
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 3

8. Two friends were born in the year 2000. The probability that they have the same birth
date is :
1 2 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2000 365 365 366
𝑝
9. The probability of guessing the correct answer to certain question is . If the
12
3
probability of not guessing the correct answer to same question is , the value of 𝑝 is:
4

(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 1

10. If probability of success is 0.5% then probability of failure is
(A) 0.95 (B) 0.095 (C) 99.5 (D) 0.995
11. If three coins are tossed simultaneously, then the probability of getting no head, is
(A) 1 (B) 3/8 (C) 1/8 (D) ¼

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12. A bag contains some balls of which 𝑥 are white, 2𝑥 are black and 3𝑥 are red. A ball is
selected at random. The probability that it is not red is
(A) ½ (B) 1/3 (C) ¼ (D) 1/6
13. A pair of dice is thrown once. The probability of getting even number on each dice is
(A) 1/6 (B) 1/12 (C) ¼ (D) ½
14. Cards marked with numbers 5 to 50 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. One card
is drawn at random from the box. The probability that the number on the card taken out
is a perfect square is
(A) 1/11 (B) 5/46 (C) 1/9 (D) 7/50
15. The king, queen and jack of clubs are removed from a pack of 52 cards and then the
remaining pack is well shuffled. A card is selected from the remaining cards. The
probability of getting a card of heart is
(A) 13/48 (B) 13/49 (C) 10/49 (D) ¼
ANSWER KEY

1. D
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. D
9. A
10. D
11. C
12. A
13. C
14. B
15. B

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