ACE+ REVIEW CENTER

APRIL 2023 REVIEW PROGRAM

CIVIL ENGINEERING LICENSURE EXAM

HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

Tuesday, January 10, 2023 Module 23

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of
your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only. NOTE: WHENEVER YOU CAN ENCOUNTER A
CARET (^) SIGN, IT MEANS EXPONENTIATION.

HYDRODYNAMICS AND WATER HAMMER

1. A pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop Situation – A nozzle discharges 50 liters/sec with a horizontal velocity of 12
or change direction suddenly (momentum change) is referred to in m/s. The entire jet strikes a series of vanes that are moving in the same
hydraulics as direction as the jet with a velocity of 3 m/s. Each vane has a deflection angle
A. hydraulic jump B. hydrodynamics of 150º.
C. potential head D. water hammer

2. A vertical jet of water supports a load of 200 N at a constant vertical

height of 12 m from the tip of the nozzle. The diameter of the jet is 25
mm. Find the velocity of the jet at the nozzle tip.
A. 23.3 m/s B. 25.4 m/s
C. 27.2 m/s D. 21.5 m/s

Situation – A jet of water 250 mm in diameter impinges normally on a flat

steel plate. If the discharge is 0.491 m3/s.

3. Find the force exerted by the jet on the stationary plate.

A. 3.57 kN B. 4.91 kN
C. 5.24 kN D. 6.12 kN 12. Compute the absolute velocity of the water as it leaves the vane.
A. 6.58 m/s B. 6.88 m/s
4. If the flat plate is moving at 2 m/s in the same direction as that of the jet, C. 7.18 m/s D. 8.28 m/s
find the force exerted by the jet on the plate.
A. 3.14 kN B. 2.85 kN 13. Compute the horizontal component of the force exerted by the water on
C. 5.16 kN D. 4.25 kN the vane.
A. 648.50 N B. 945.50 N
5. If the flat plate is moving at 4 m/s in the same direction as that of the jet, C. 723.50 N D. 839.50 N
find the work done on the plate per second.
A. 6078 N-m/s B. 7068 N-m/s 14. Determine the work done per second.
C. 8067 N-m/s D. 7086 N-m/s A. 2158.50 Joules/sec B. 2581.50 Joules/sec
C. 2815.50 Joules/sec D. 2518.50 Joules/sec
Situation – A jet having a diameter of 50 mm and a velocity of 15 m/s is
deflected through angle of 60º by a curve vane. Situation – The elasticity and dimensions of the pipe are such that celerity of
the pressure wave is 970 m/s. Suppose the pipe has the length of 1600 m and a
6. Determine the x component of the force exerted if the vane is fixed. diameter of 1.2 m and an initial flow of 0.85 m3/s.
A. 81 N B. 156 N
C. 218 N D. 377 N 15. Find the water hammer pressure for instantaneous valve closure.
A. 586.4 kPa B. 600.2 kPa
7. Determine the y component of the force exerted if the vane is fixed. C. 727.5 kPa D. 802.8 kPa
A. 81 N B. 156 N
C. 218 N D. 377 N 16. How much time should be allowed for closing a valve to avoid water
hammer?
8. Determine the x component of the force exerted if the vane is moving at A. 2.10 seconds B. 2.60 seconds
a velocity of 6 m/s in the same direction as the jet. C. 3.30 seconds D. 3.90 seconds
A. 81 N B. 156 N
C. 218 N D. 377 N 17. Find the appropriate water hammer pressure of the valve if it is closed in
4 seconds.
Situation – A 50 mm diameter horizontal jet of water strikes a flat plate as A. 586.4 kPa B. 600.2 kPa
shown. C. 727.5 kPa D. 802.8 kPa

Situation – A water tower is approximated by a 15

m diameter sphere mounted on a 1 m diameter rod
20 m long as shown in the figure. Assuming ρair =
1.2255 kg/m3 and hurricane winds of 40 m/s.

18. What is the force acting on the sphere

assuming CD = 0.20?
9. Determine the jet velocity if an 80 N horizontal force is required to A. 34650.2 N
permit the plate to move at a constant speed of 2 m/s to the right. B. 36540.2 N
A. 4.38 m/s B. 6.38 m/s C. 35460.2 N
C. 5.38 m/s D. 8.38 m/s D. 30456.2 N

10. Determine the jet velocity if the plate is stationary. 19. What is the drag force on the rod assuming CD = 0.30?
A. 4.38 m/s B. 6.38 m/s A. 5422.8 N B. 5682.3 N
C. 5.38 m/s D. 8.38 m/s C. 5228.6 N D. 5882.4 N

11. Determine the jet velocity if the plate is to move at a constant speed of 2 20. What is the bending moment at the base of the rod?
m/s to the left. A. 1011.7 kN-m B. 1101.7 kN-m
A. 4.38 m/s B. 6.38 m/s C. 1071.1 kN-m D. 1171.0 kN-m
C. 5.38 m/s D. 8.38 m/s
Aspire and Commit to Excellence!
 ACE+ REVIEW CENTER
APRIL 2023 REVIEW PROGRAM

Situation – A valve is suddenly closed in a 200 mm diameter pipe. The 34. Find the force exerted by the jet on the plate if the plate is moving at 2
increase in pressure is 700 kPa. Assuming that the pipe is rigid and the bulk m/s in the same direction as the jet.
modulus of water is 2.07 x 109 N/m2. A. 4.25 kN B. 3.39 kN
C. 4.82 kN D. 4.58 kN
21. Compute the celerity of the pressure wave.
A. 1438.75 m/s B. 1265.35 m/s 35. If the jet strikes a series of flat plates moving at 4 m/s in the same
C. 1652.95 m/s D. 1522.85 m/s direction as the jet, find the work done on the plates.
A. 9.65 kW B. 11.20 kW
22. Compute the maximum discharge. C. 13.56 kW D. 18.79 kW
A. 0.0135 m3/s B. 0.0153 m3/s
C. 0.0315 m3/s D. 0.0351 m3/s Situation - A jet having a diameter of 5 cm and velocity of 15 m/sec is
deflected through a vane at an angle of 60 and which is moving at 6 m/sec in
23. If the length of the pipe is 800 m long, compute the water hammer the same direction as the jet.
pressure at the valve if it is closed in 3 seconds.
A. 192.45 kPa B. 239.26 kPa 36. Determine the x - component of the force in the vane
C. 259.47 kPa D. 262.34 kPa A. 79.52 N B. 122.1 N
C. 112.1 N D. 140.1 N
Situation – Water from a reservoir flowing through a pipe having a diameter
of 600 mm with a velocity of 1.75 m/s is completely stopped by a closure of a 37. Determine the y-component of the force on the vane.
vale situated 150 m from the reservoir. Assume that the pressure increases at a A. - 62.52 N B. - 87.13 N
uniform rate and there is no damping of the pressure wave. The pipe has a C. - 100.24 N D. - 137.74 N
thickness of 20 mm and bulk modulus of water is 2.2 x 10 9 N/m2 and modulus
of elasticity of steel is 1.4 x 1011 N/m2. 38. A man weighing 640 N descends from a jet plane using a 5 m diameter
parachute. What terminal velocity will be attained assuming a drag
24. Compute the celerity of the pressure wave. coefficient Ca = 0.95, δair = 12 N/m3? Neglect the weight of the
A. 1223 m/s B. 1332 m/s parachute.
C. 1122 m/s D. 1321 m/s A. 9.34 m/sec B. 7.45 m/sec
C. 6.54 m/sec D. 7.49 m/sec
25. Compute the equivalent bulk modulus of water.
A. 1.295 x 109 B. 1.395 x 109 Situation - A 600-mm-diameter pipe, 720 m long carries water at the rate of
C. 1.495 x 10 9
D. 1.595 x 109 2.5 m/s. Use Ewater = 2.2 x 109 Pa and ρw= 1000 kg/m3.

26. Compute the pressure on the pipe after the closure of the valve. 39. What is the water hammer pressure due to instantaneous close of the
A. 1965.25 kPa B. 2085.25 kPa gate near the exit?
C. 2140.25 kPa D. 2430.25 kPa A. 3762 kPa B. 3894 kPa
C. 3507 kPa D. 3708 kPa
Situation – The elasticity and dimensions of the pipe are such that the celerity
of the pressure wave is 976 m/s. The pipe has a length of 600 m from the 40. How long will it take for the pressure wave to travel round trip of the
reservoir with a diameter of 1.2 m. The flow rate initially is 0.85 m3/s of pipe?
water. A. 1.15 s B. 0.75 s
C. 0.84 s D. 0.97 s
27. Compute the water hammer at the valve if it is closed in 4 seconds.
A. 225.09 kPa B. 345.69 kPa 41. What is the water hammer pressure if the valve is closed in 1.2 seconds?
C. 489.95 kPa D. 512.35 kPa A. 2800 kPa B. 3400 kPa
C. 3000 kPa D. 3200 kPa
28. Compute the water hammer at the valve if it is manipulated so that the
flow rate drops almost instantly from 0.85 m3/s to 0.28 m3/s. Situation - The elasticity and dimensions of a pipe leading from a reservoir
A. 225.09 kPa B. 345.69 kPa are such that the celerity of the pressure wave is 1250 m/s. The pipe has a
C. 489.95 kPa D. 512.35 kPa length of 800 m and a diameter of 1.1 m. The flow is initially 0.85 m3/s.

29. Compute the maximum water hammer pressure at a point in the pipe 90 42. What is the water hammer pressure for instantaneous valve closure?
m from the reservoir if a 1.0 second valve closure reduces the flow rate A. 1245 kPa B. 1021 kPa
from 0.28 m3/s to 0. C. 1321 kPa D. 1118 kPa
A. 25.35 kPa B. 44.64 kPa
C. 39.57 kPa D. 51.23 kPa 43. What is the approximate water hammer pressure at the valve if it is
closed in 2.5 s, in kPa?
Situation – A jet having a diameter of 48 mm and a velocity of 22 m/s strikes A. 653 B. 572
a single vane moving at 12 m/s in the same direction as the jet. The deflection C. 521 D. 608
angle of the vane is 115°.
44. What pressure is expected when the discharge drops almost instantly
30. Compute the absolute velocity of the jet as leaving the vane, in m/s. from 0.85 m3/s to 0.45 m3/s, in kPa?
A. 10.25 B. 12.54 A. 538 B. 502
C. 11.94 D. 9.63 C. 526 D. 558

31. Compute the total force exerted by water on the vane in N. Situation – An oil having a density of 860 kg/m3 is flowing with a velocity of
A. 425.8 B. 357.4 1.5 m/s in a rigid pipe. A 0.6 m3 of this oil is known to decrease by 0.001126
C. 398.6 D. 305.3 m3 under a pressure increase of 2800 kPa.

32. Compute the work done by the jet on the vane in kW. 45. What is the bulk modulus of elasticity of this oil?
A. 2.54 B. 3.65 A. 1.332 x 10^9 Pa B. 1.492 x 10^9 Pa
C. 2.87 D. 3.09 C. 1.705 x 10^9 Pa D. 1.066 x 10^9 Pa

Situation - A 200-mm diameter jet of water discharging at the rate of 452 46. What is the celerity of a pressure wave?
liters per second impinges normally on a flat metal plate. A. 1317 m/s B. 1408 m/s
C. 1245 m/s D. 1113 m/s
33. Which of the following is nearest to the force exerted by the jet on the
metal plate? 47. What water hammer pressure is expected for instantaneous closure?
A. 6.51 kN B. 7.32 kN A. 1606 kPa B. 1816 kPa
C. 8.24 kN D. 9.32 kN C. 1699 kPa D. 1436 kPa

Aspire and Commit to Excellence!

 ACE+ REVIEW CENTER
APRIL 2023 REVIEW PROGRAM

Situation - Water from the reservoir flows at 0.63 m3/s through a rigid pipe
1100 mm diameter and is completely stopped by closure of a valve almost
instantly. Bulk modulus of water is 2.2x10^9 N/m2.

48. Find the water hammer pressure for sudden closure.

A. 1.104 MPa B. 1.031 MPa
C. 0.983 MPa D. 0.521 MPa

49. Find the discharge if water hammer pressure is 800 kPa.

A. 0.308 m3/s B. 0.539 m3/s
C. 0.285 m3/s D. 0.512 m3/s

50. If the time of closure of the valve is 5 sec and located at 625 m from the
reservoir, find the water hammer pressure at flow rate of 0.63 m3/s.
A. 0.1657 MPa B. 0.1891 MPa
C. 0.1528 MPa D. 0.1953 MPa

Situation – Water flows at the rate of 2 m/s in a 2.5 km long 600-mm pipe
that is 20 mm thick. Bulk modulus of elasticity of pipe material is E = 1.4 x
1011 Pa. Density of water is 998 kg/m3.

51. Calculate the nearest value to the velocity of pressure wave in m/s.
A. 1087 B. 975
C. 1563 D. 1224

52. If a valve at the end of the pipe is closed, determine the maximum time
of closure that can be considered as instantaneous closure.
A. 2.1 s B. 4.1 s
C. 3.2 s D. 5.2 s

53. Calculate the rise in pressure near the valve due to instantaneous closure
of the valve.
A. 2145 kPa B. 3254 kPa
C. 2443 kPa D. 2864 kPa

Situation – A 250-mm diameter jet of water discharging at the rate of 491

liters per second impinges normally on a flat metal plate.

54. Which of the following is nearest to the force exerted by the jet on the
metal plate in kN.
A. 4.3 B. 3.9
C. 4.9 D. 5.6

55. Find the force exerted by the jet on the plate if the plate is moving at 2
m/s in the same direction as the jet in kN.
A. 3.35 B. 5.75
C. 3.15 D. 2.14

56. If the jet strikes a series of flat plates moving at 4 m/s in the same
direction as the jet, find the work done on the plates.
A. 10,837 watts B. 9,874 watts
C. 12,465 watts D. 11,784 watts

Situation – A nozzle of 50 mm diameter delivers a stream of water at a

velocity of 65 m/s perpendicular to a fixed plate.

57. Calculate the force on the plate.

A. 8926 N B. 8269 N
C. 8296 N D. 8692 N

58. If the plate moves in the same direction as the jet at a speed of 15 m/s,
find the force on the plate.
A. 4909 N B. 4605 N
C. 4703 N D. 4809 N

59. Find also the work done per seconds if the plate moves in the direction
of the jet at 15 m/s.
A. 52 kN-m B. 74 kN-m
C. 85 kN-m D. 64 kN-m

Aspire and Commit to Excellence!