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CircleGeoInv-Jonathan Jiang

This document summarizes key concepts in circle geometry investigated by Jonathan Jiang. It covers theorems related to angles in semicircles and at the center or circumference of circles. It also discusses properties of cyclic quadrilaterals, chords, finding circle centers, circumcircles of triangles, tangents, alternate segments, and intercept theorems. The document uses diagrams and equations to illustrate different geometric relationships involving circles.

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Jonathan Jiang
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51 views11 pages

CircleGeoInv-Jonathan Jiang

This document summarizes key concepts in circle geometry investigated by Jonathan Jiang. It covers theorems related to angles in semicircles and at the center or circumference of circles. It also discusses properties of cyclic quadrilaterals, chords, finding circle centers, circumcircles of triangles, tangents, alternate segments, and intercept theorems. The document uses diagrams and equations to illustrate different geometric relationships involving circles.

Uploaded by

Jonathan Jiang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Circle Geometry Investigation

By Jonathan Jiang 10MAT.A 2023

Angles in a Semicircle (Thales’ Theorem) 2


Angles at the Centre 2
Angles at the Circumference 3
Angles at the Centre and the Circumference 4
Cyclic Quadrilaterals 5
Chords and Angles at the Centre 6
Finding the Centre of a Circle 7
The Circumcircle of a Triangle 7
Tangent and Radii 8
Tangents from an External Point 8
The Alternate Segment 9
Intercept Theorems 10
Angles in a Semicircle (Thales’ Theorem)

Semicircle
Theorem: The angle at the circumference in a semi-circle is 90 degrees.
Or
A right angle at the circumference subtends a diameter.

Angles at the Centre


Equal arcs subtend equal angles at the centre of a circle.
Equal angles at the centre of a circle are subtended by equal arcs.
Equal chords subtend equal angles at the centre of a circle.
Equal angles at the centre of a circle are subtended by equal chords.

2
Angles at the Circumference

Circumference1

∠ACB = 52.6°
∠ADB = 52.6°

Theorem:
Angles on the circumference standing on the same arc are equal.
Equal arcs subtend equal angles on the circumference.
Angles on the circumference standing on the same chord are equal.
Equal chords subtend equal angles on the circumference.

3
Angles at the Centre and the Circumference

Circumference2
∠AOB = 63°
∠ACB = 31.5°

Theorem:
The angle at the centre of a circle is twice the angle at the circumference standing on the
same arc (chord).
The angle at the circumference of a circle is half the angle at the centre standing on the same
arc (chord).

4
Cyclic Quadrilaterals

Cyclic Quadrilateral
∠ABC = 73.8°
∠BCD = 70.7°
∠CDA = 106.2°
∠DAB = 109.3°

∠ABC + ∠CDA = 180°


∠BCD + ∠DAB = 180°

Theorem: The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.


If the opposite angles of a quadrilateral are supplementary then the
quadrilateral is cyclic.

Theorem: The exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral equals the opposite interior angle.
If the exterior angle of a quadrilateral equals the opposite interior angle of a quadrilateral then
the quadrilateral is cyclic.

5
Chords and Angles at the Centre

Chords1
∠AMO = 90°, ∠BMO = 90°

Chords2
AC = 10cm, BC = 10cm
∠AOC = 56.9°, ∠BOC = 56.9°

Theorem:
A line through the centre of a circle perpendicular to a chord bisects the chord
A line through the centre of a circle to the midpoint of a chord is perpendicular to the chord.
The perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the centre of the circle.
The interval joining the midpoint of a chord to the centre of a circle is perpendicular
to the chord and bisects the angle at the centre subtended by the chord.
The bisector of the angle at the centre of a circle subtended by a chord bisects the
chord and is perpendicular to it.

6
Finding the Centre of a Circle

Centre
The point of intersection of the two perpendicular bisectors is the same point as the centre of
the circle.

The Circumcircle of a Triangle

Circumcircle
All the vertices of the triangle are on the circle.
Theorem: The intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of two sides of a triangle is the
centre of a circle passing through all three vertices.

7
Tangent and Radii

Tangent1
Theorem: A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius at the point of contact.
The perpendicular from the tangent at the point of contact passes through the centre.

Tangents from an External Point

Tangent2
AP = 7cm
BP= 7cm
Theorem: Tangents to a circle from an external point are equal

8
The Alternate Segment

AlternateSegment
∠APB = 59.4°
∠BAY = 59.4°
∠ABP = 58°
∠XAP = 58°

∠APB = ∠BAY and ∠ABP = ∠XAP

Theorem: The angle between a tangent and a chord is equal to the angle at the circumference
in the alternate segment.

9
Intercept Theorems

Intercepts1
AX = 7.5
BX = 4
CX = 6
DX = 5
AX * XB = 30
CX * XD = 30

Theorem: Products of intercepts on intersecting chords are equal

Intercepts2
AX = 10
BX = 5
CX = 8
DX = 6.25
AX * XB = 50
CX * XD = 50

Theorem: The products of intercepts of two intersecting secants to a circle from an

10
external points are equal

Intercepts3

AX = 12
BX = 5.33
TX = 8

AX * XB = 64
TX2 = 64

Theorem: The square of the length of the tangent from an external point is equal to the
product of the intercepts of the secant passing through this point.

11

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