| Jo determine the sestdance per cm ven wire |” ° ; iH CU wr [raierial. Required! \_\_\ \ Nea i unknown accistance , batten oltameter, millfammetts _, vheostat _, plug Key : fing wfree , ef dppb dF, ding to ofm’'s law, the _electne _cunent flow \ ough a _coriductor "5 x0 post’ p d_th phiytcal po Atal difference across ite ends vide: ¢ state C_ pres: emperature and _dimensfane ) of the — | conducer _sernaine unchanged YI _was the wrent flossing through the esnductor and v_ was the _polenbiat difference acvors_jts end, —~| then Vat ~LHomed as the electrical aesittanee of the conductor Lhe ct _ynit_o etn’e__wrent _i Volt | amp ex ohm Ca} si tthe condu choy, Teacher Signature —— rnPage No. 02 || fon chi . s . hip between the resi’ lance o| ‘etal dts length and area the evoss - fection te alten «_formol =f. . Pe ly the formate, R Loh ' pee fe is the specif resistance ov aecishtaty and fe | chavacteat’sh’ce of the mattrval of the wire, | Observations : arometa = ate vo Umeter = } count of voltmeter = leat coont of meter_scale_= : nat of the qin wire, L 7 ead x /o| a 2 The applied potential difference yvent flossing thy val the RF Ta C wollmetey joreading v) lea aciding ad ml econected _ observed corrected 9 ° o o 4 4 ol ° ° 4 oP) mo | } | a 4 0.3 Q Teacher Signature\\.\ (c iffesence $ i ¢_conrent T_flauing through ‘the wlre as shown | ’ [21 esistay ete 1 ae is_then equal to’ the aeciprocal of the slope. From the R= ec/Ag = | Rect: x__uni tn = th ms L Results L lay Colvi itis cl tthe safit 2, vft_ts_onstant , ie. var. From the graph » tt ts eax that’ _the graph Isa shalt Wine which aga shows that , vi7 = ednstant. (Peautions CT e t shou ssed. hort _fotewval of [ Lshovid be connected to" the ve side of the betley, | Connections —_shovld be Aight lume while taking a set of aeadings. The connections Vshoold be Light Snd use a low seststance| laheostaf 4 ids_of the wire with sandpapers e ithe connections. ov ie tve_ $i ¢ Teacher Signature eTnv f sistance 1, De er, DC lvoltmetey “, ene way Key , variable Ac source , ammeter and |voltmetea and_cenheeling wires. in chat axesistanee has same yalue both fox AC and De. The veefstance can be measured by ammetee- voltmeter_methad. ft ohm's law fre. Red Howe, a coll_having a start en u! measures the tmpendanee 2 of inductance. U fs measued. T fo fv phere Fv and Ty ave the rm value Ac. W an tron core fs insested in the cofl, its thductance 1 - its rest's ance gematns je same eae Ze ae fhewate. e_tnductor ome no_veststanee offer an jorpeslton. aver by 24 X= ew fe the angular ‘nduclor wre and some teristanze 1% tea sul with tt. —— now it fc “ealled ce. 1. 2 ya Teacher signature TTma K mA mee: 16 oa i > on Ko oe T a Qos tanto SP S-|---F sie. fF @ ia a | RL pe crevit oe a To | | a 3 || | | wens S| ean id | iN cor voltmeter ; | (a) | oe | 4 at To Aaov' : - | Ae 1 z \ j maint im |oa | a_i Teacher Signature a‘Teacher Signaturewhere, R is the unknown, reréstance S is the slandard arm of the bard Pand 9 i the ratio of am of bidgeo_flbd_the resi ie fh ji si me "of Ei neal | anomeler_, on . 5 bo [da Dante ¢ 0 fetkeg_4_unnagan reclante chie about 1 m {Lon x ge a free and candpay | on ic i= Wheatcdo ia leo won _at fe_uced to caleulate Samuel uote chsh in the year 1833, vahith at ate populanied by Sfr_chasles_Whealflene tn “ios The_chevit_fs v 0 Ishovs ay fi bridge co im —— = Wwven wire ¢ A+ To_find the unknown resistance of tne 9 Tablet.nown Je vesifance | \ _ 8.1 To ic tres | 1. No. of sotatie ven | 2 pis Mov. fele scale = \ spi =d= | 3\No. of divisions on the chwlar scale \ 2 s =_pite! = \ Ao, of dicular _seale divisions | A-\Zex0 enpor of sorew qq | 5:|Zex0 om of screw gauge = Calculahons 1 {Length ofthe cole, C1) = = $ad* ate “Shiela. 0: Standard valve fom dabler — ~ 1 cs —_ br oe — 3) {fn Emr go] TP Actual valve SS the given cofve = | Fe auttons an | th onnecting wr | a _cotie and eennecting ints of meter butlot pmpnly aaith cand per, d ct nes hould be neot an tight . | ialancepotht shovld be Le between oem and Joem \ 4 Do_not ep the yo and the wie tn la a long Hime! iold the fockty purtndieuler bo th wie of meter brit \ aa seats of the foshuments rua be loose | 2. The Hey 6 The sertitance box may" not be clean and tht. iy 2,The ma4_nol be _vnitom 1" raughoot | Teacher SignatureTabled t+ Measurement of asesistance of carbon resistors ] ie . hl kaw Resistor | Resistance as measured with | | patibanee Caleulaled een multimeley | to colour code Wf cena SEIS | 2 | 13] | _ | - . Table. 2.-Measurement o of be wenaye 8 qeross feet teppinae Measured valve of Dé voltage | tte Marked voltage i Measurement of 4c voltage across different Lappinge 4 Table. 3! of a step ‘clown transformer | S.No Measured, valve of dé votlage Hanked vatloge t 1 1 2 3is iomneber_, slid i a multimeter and ir with tapi t= Sultimets i a single measuring deuce acting a¢ an a dan obtneter. Ht can” meenste Ac elas i iti 40 verlsfance, for this purpose its panel fe divided into fuel went _sechions. There ave roan. ange in each sechon go that can measure esno micro cio“) * fo mega C108) units. ical device Slide id | fotentionnekex Teacher SignatureResistors tn Sens — wi Wie —= ah Date Page No 11 Experiment. 3 eae I | Kc D fslane ( stance cite and t t- Ina < clreul e_differe i _are conn. o_seatk tel ite cistive netwoske. | such cial, the voltage acrors each xeoisfor fs diferent Ina isuitt_combinalion_,_if any restctor ik broken or a _fovlt occurs , then, the enbite cirevit Ye domed off The _constwchion of a_sentee circuit] ie jase doa — ve_cly eo'sfance fven_as?- = Rt RR 1 ‘slance stern fs jvc} the total dividual | ] 7 4 | Teacher Signature -sObservations :- 1. To find xt Reading of resistance box *R? X = RxCt0-L) ih | bag wa L ny en 61323 a 6193 0:94 S 2. To find Xr $.No. | Reading of Resistance Reading of null pointe Xo= RxCOO-O th | Mean Xah box “R? ‘ Lem) | Qe0-L)ero At CO) |r cay 1 ' 4os $35 ls] md . ; 2 6a ae Lye by es 2 | _ = nn } as } 3. To find Xs_Cseris_combination + &4Xe) ' , S.No | Reading 4f aesistance Reading of rat points “XS RKCIOD-L) fy | Mean Xe boy RS Stem) | e-em | ae E 1 \ 30.8 te Q.07 : ; 2.09 : am des ops 0-123 a sss hUhUrhrrmhmhmrsrCUSeee wn be Jose. resistance box may va be clean and bight et The atte may not _be uniformly ‘thick throughout. ‘Teacher Signature ETlatlony E Resistance box Hick falyanomeder ‘Shon vesictance Greult _Diagrarn_,tt cid lee. IH can he deflected to galvanomeler nelle The deflech’n is roportfonal +8 the current eanter thmugh it T= & = ko RtG whee, EF = emf’ of e_cell = _gestsdance from_the ventfance box 4 qalvanometer_yeaslance fat ane} T @ = _galvanomeer ciicton_fx_concal 1 k= proportfonalily conan When Kr t's closed and by adyusting the shont vestslance_¢, we can make a galvanomeler deflection at $ Teacher SignatureA pe Date ... son Page No. TY o_| mLvewee -—| + HS, ea A+S -—| (wow adrachin, sIG+s) mal the nent fh the aeutt flows through he poe cabich (given by = . | —t = I'= bs = ko G+s 2 lNow, from the above slabs, we can get resistance of galvanomety, Gz RS J v R-S FEE the oe nequived for producing a deflection of 1 division. [t (« easusedl tuist tyewit” dit ‘ eo matt fs as ror fn_frgure. a_high Pvatee R fs taken v lout from the sesisdance box, concent I flows (othe cfreuit land_ it juces_a _deflech’m O. Te€ = RO, where k is the figure of matt RIG 4 ‘ R= € (R+6)0 | ‘ and_nobtt coorespond Ive_of e i valu figure of foul} ave determined. the mean of thue values ais rh! fiyaie_of mest Taxfmum coment can be passed ———__|bonu omelty i's Tq n we nis (_nombby of divisions _on etthe of sem _of the galvanomele seqle Teacher SignatureTable fox resistance of galvanometen by! half defteckion method S.N |Emeok Qetistence Diffeching fajee of eroat cele) >) Kia's ~ | +9? 26 fee 0. 00209s~ 6:0006 2132 OopoorIU y orne2) bobse _— - . F 4 be ae peta as eee ian ett CRO _—Ainean valu (gure att, R= Kitke+ Kotky = Results | fs e (ve jometea =— Ray _Diagvarn_ Byg & \\ V\A\AA\N = Date PageNo, 16 nch_wi'th three hie, a concave mir, a miro. [holder , two needles , Aaittng needle _and_a half meda_seale t=lhen a beam Light parallel to the putnelple axfs falls v ea len ich asrer e | fo ws. The nadore and the sie of {mage depends _on wher the | object fs placed _fn frend of the concave miinsr. “To fiad_the focal the mhyoy_, we can use the fomolq 2 — vou L uty | where, f= G the _minov Jas “ditance “of the object needle e pole | _v= distance of the image nedle fresco the pole. peng of tne nel x= | 2. | Pek edle back of concave minor, sTailet Sen [psition ‘Positions Position | pistance PO crn Cu) pistance PT cm on | Yu are: S.No, 5 . dhl . =u Meer fot +f ay abserved | coveted | observed corvected | omnes Mv y Gath oe 5 rt LBA = | |-3e 1 | ° ae ye | day Bey 4 2 Le Bins [4a:) —_— ~3)-5 — - ya} 318 Bore yb? |e ~3e = = 6.2 -P | 4 } 2 2+, [ese | — =22- _fess8 ronal 4 feat i S28 )p [ash TER Poroueh eongl - fs |Y- axis Represent w aleng the -ve X- axle and vy ng the -ve maki na 5° ool 1 | or Y-axis making the whe at ¢. The point ¢ where i meld } a olgr bola fs © . Hal lv they L foale “will give uc the value tt ane 4fzon and 08 2 2 4fuand_shv_ A qraph be__ shown i i gph 7 Teacher Signaturetlle maa ET ET A get Mi Observations So] Angle of tneldence (Li ) le | Angle of devtahin (6) 7 as | 33 54 > | o at 3 * - 39 22 4 | 50° ul 23. S. 55" _ . ‘ bor ~q_1a foht en th 6 prismn_it get deviated lg ee res 1 me th hes ¢ not ral bo. oh oe Also giism_ar oa\ { (aT Pie + a 0 et a a rik Peo | teen tr and Lg Ce el a ee ee rr ts 1° t 2 pkitfon TET i rants 1°4 $ oiifeton | | Ly. 2- Grsaph between angle of delahim and angle of thetenee sections thi clfode is connected t© the negative _4emainal of the fatter and_the_n- section_of the | diede fe cmnccted! to the pasitfve_temfnal_of the tateny fYp__an_fneveese nthe voltage, these fe_a_ ‘small change fo_the ont ut the reverve_curre 1 Wher yalve_ooith an _‘nerease_th_the voltage 0: — fer fowad bias t— feast sountof the vallmeles_¢-¢24 Remark Zero_esvor of vol{medea 0 V Teacher Signature... a a ain_ TA, _—. voltmeter aca ding B — ridrammeter reads $.00 aes observed (v) conected CV) observed (mA) 7 (ec ccna (oe 2 ot} ay ° 3. og On ° 9 0.3 0-2 oO a oy Oy O-r 6 of oc 0-6 t 0-6 o6 ry 3 o-} o-} = —__l fy . Cho voltmeter reading Cv) muilroamimeter —yeadihg __ observed Cv) corvédted obsened | 1 | oO 0. a) 2 | oF oO ° 4 , ok o-2 ° s o3 os ° . | a OY 0-2 og os 0-6 q ot Oo ig ‘ 0-4 + :re wy Pe oe : Date evrnnmsnintiranee Page NO. A w= UMA o wartapt NO. Dale nnnsnennne PageNO. 755 _s for_ Reverse bh, Tt Selwe. nd _T King _VR_on the x-oxfd land TR on the Y- axt fos -——| ars. The graph obtained as aeverte bie | —lehorectersties curve _ se Result *- “The forwards and reverse charactershts of the given p-n = fonction diode ave drawn! — y y Precaohions ° - All_the connections shold fe neat , clan and tight tthe luge the key should te tnseNed cml¢ chen the efreult fein’ use exentnal _of voltmeter and ammeter _shovld se connected 2 _| | the totter Remark Teacher Signature