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Mass Balance

The document describes the production process of biodiesel from waste cooking oil. Key steps include: 1) Mixing waste cooking oil, methanol and sodium hydroxide to produce biodiesel and glycerol. 2) Separating the biodiesel and glycerol using a flash distillation column. 3) Further purifying the biodiesel using a stripping process and distillation columns to separate it from residual methanol and propene. 4) Recovering methanol and water from downstream process streams for reuse or disposal.

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NOOR AZMA SHAHIRA BINTI WAHAB
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60 views17 pages

Mass Balance

The document describes the production process of biodiesel from waste cooking oil. Key steps include: 1) Mixing waste cooking oil, methanol and sodium hydroxide to produce biodiesel and glycerol. 2) Separating the biodiesel and glycerol using a flash distillation column. 3) Further purifying the biodiesel using a stripping process and distillation columns to separate it from residual methanol and propene. 4) Recovering methanol and water from downstream process streams for reuse or disposal.

Uploaded by

NOOR AZMA SHAHIRA BINTI WAHAB
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRODUCTION OF BIODIE

Raw Mater
Stream Component Mass flow rate (kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Waste Cooking Oil -28678.94 1.00 -32.96
1 Ʃ -28678.94 1.00 -32.96

Methanol 117.02 1.00 3.65


2 Ʃ 117.02 1.00 3.65

Sodium Hydroxide 0.01 1.00 0.00


3 Ʃ 0.01 1.00 0.00

MIXER (M-
Stream Component Mass flow rate (kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Waste Cooking Oil 0.00 0.00 843.47
Methanol 117.02 0.96 168.85
4 Natrium Hydoxide 121.19 0.04 3.78
Ʃ 238.21 1.00 1016.10

Propylene oxide 9059.99 0.22 155.99


Propylene glycol 464.46 0.011 6.10
Water 2929.42 0.07 162.75
5 Oxygen 108.06 0.003 3.38
Propene 28678.94 0.69 681.37
Methanol 121.19 0.00 3.78
Ʃ 41362.07 1.00 1013.37

FLASH DISTILLATI
Stream Component Mass flow rate(kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Propylene oxide 9059.99 0.22 155.99
Propylene glycol 464.46 0.01 6.10
Water 2929.42 0.07 162.75
5 Oxygen 108.06 0.00 3.38
Propene 28678.94 0.69 681.37
Methanol 121.19 0.00 3.78
Ʃ 41362.07 1.00 1013.37

Oxygen 108.06 0.00 3.38


6 Propene 28678.94 1.00 681.37
Ʃ 28787.01 1.00 684.75

Propylene oxide 9059.99 0.46 155.99

9
Propylene glycol 464.46 0.02 6.10
Water 2929.42 0.15 162.75
9 Propene 7169.74 0.36 170.34
Methanol 121.19 0.01 3.78
Ʃ 19744.80 1.00 498.97

Propene 7169.74 1.00 170.34


12
Ʃ 7169.74 1.00 170.34

Liquid-Vapour Sepa
Stream Component Mass flow rate(kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Oxygen 108.06 0.00 3.38
6 Propene 28678.94 1.00 681.37
Ʃ 28787.01 1.00 684.75

Oxygen 108.06 1.00 3.38


7 Ʃ 108.06 1.00 3.38

Propene 28678.94 1.00 681.37


8 Ʃ 28678.94 1.00 681.37

PROPYLENE OXIDE DIST


Stream Component Mass flow rate(kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Propylene oxide 9059.99 0.46 0.00
Propylene glycol 464.46 0.02 6.10
Water 2929.42 0.15 162.75
9 Propene 7169.74 0.36 170.34
Methanol 121.19 0.01 3.78
Ʃ 19744.80 1.00 342.98

Propylene oxide 9059.99 0.56 155.99


Propene 7169.74 0.44 170.34
10 Methanol 12.12 0.00 0.38
Ʃ 16241.84 1.00 326.71

Propylene glycol 464.46 0.13 6.10


Water 2929.42 0.84 162.75
11 Methanol 109.07 0.03 3.40
Ʃ 3502.95 1.00 172.25

STRIPPING PROCESS FOR PROP


Stream Component Mass flow rate(kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Propylene oxide 9059.99 0.56 155.99
Propene 7169.74 0.44 170.34
10 Methanol 12.12 0.00 0.38
10
Ʃ 16241.84 1.00 326.71

Propene 7169.74 1.00 170.34


12 Ʃ 7169.74 1.00 170.34

Propylene oxide 9059.99 1.00 155.99


13 Methanol 12.12 0.00 0.38
Ʃ 9072.11 1.00 156.37

PROPYLENE OXIDE FINAL P


Stream Component Mass flow rate(kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Propylene oxide 9060.00 1.00 155.99
13 Methanol 12.12 0.00 0.38
Ʃ 9072.12 1.00 156.37

Propylene oxide 9059.99 1.000 155.99


14 Methanol 0.01 0.000 0.00
Ʃ 9060.00 1.000 155.99

Methanol 12.11 0.999 0.38


15 Propylene oxide 0.01 0.001 0.00
Ʃ 12.12 1.00 0.38

METHANOL RECOVERY AND


Stream Component Mass flow rate(kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Propylene glycol 464.46 0.1321 6.10
Water 2929.42 0.8334 162.75
16 Methanol 121.18 0.0345 3.78
Propylene oxide 0.01 0.0000 0.00
Ʃ 3515.07 1.0000 172.63

Methanol 121.18 0.9999 3.78


17 Propylene oxide 0.01 0.0001 0.00
Ʃ 121.19 1.0000 3.78

Propylene glycol 464.46 0.14 6.10


18 Water 2929.42 0.86 162.75
Ʃ 3393.88 1.00 168.85

WATER RECOVER
Stream Component Mass flow rate(kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Propylene glycol 464.46 0.14 6.10
18 Water 2929.42 0.86 162.75
Ʃ 3393.88 1.00 168.85
Water 2929.42 1.00 162.75
19 Ʃ 2929.42 1.00 162.75

Propylene glycol 464.46 1.00 6.10


20 Ʃ 464.46 1.00 6.10

OVERALL MASS
Stream Component Mass flow rate(kg/hr) Mass fraction Molar flow rate (kmole/hr)
Waste Cooking Oil 0.00 0.00 843.47
Methanol 117.02 0.96 168.85
INLET
Sodium Hydroxide 121.19 0.04 3.78
Water
Ʃ 238.21 1.00 1016.10
Oxygen 108.06 0.00 3.38
Propylene oxide 9059.99 0.22 155.99
Water 2929.42 0.07 162.75
OUTLET Propene 28678.94 0.69 681.37
Methanol 121.19 0.00 3.78
Propylene glycol 464.46 0.01 6.10
Ʃ 41362.07 1.00 1010.00
ION OF BIODIESEL (K2_2023/2024)
Raw Materials
Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
1.00 870
1.00

1.00 32.04
1.00

1.00 40
1.00

MIXER (M-101)
Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
0.83 42.09
0.17 34.01
0.00 32.04 Rate of Reaction (kmol/hr)
1.00 Reaction 1, r1 162.096
Reaction 2, r2 6.104
0.15 58.08 Reaction 3, r3 3.377
0.006 76.09
0.16 18.00 Mass Balance (kg/hr)
0.003 32.00 BEFORE AFTER
0.67 42.09 Overall reaction 238.21 41362.07
0.00 32.04
1.00 Yield 77.42
Selectivity 25.56

FLASH DISTILLATION (F-201)


Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
0.15 58.08
0.01 76.09
0.16 18.00 Mass Balance (kg/hr)
0.00 32.00 INLET OUTLET
0.67 42.09 48531.80 48531.80 BALANCED
0.00 32.04
1.00

0.00 32.00 21509.21


1.00 42.09
1.00

0.31 58.08
0.01 76.09
0.33 18.00
0.34 42.09
0.01 32.04
1.00

1.00 42.09
1.00

Liquid-Vapour Separator (G-202)


Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
0.00 32.00
1.00 42.09
1.00 Mass Balance (kg/hr)
INLET OUTLET
1.00 32.00 28787.01 28787.01 BALANCED
1.00

1.00 42.09
1.00

PROPYLENE OXIDE DISTILLATION (D-301)


Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
0.00 58.08
0.01 76.09
0.33 18.00
0.34 42.09
0.01 32.04
0.69 Mass Balance (kg/hr)
INLET OUTLET
0.48 58.08 19744.80 19744.80 BALANCED
0.52 42.09
0.00 32.04
1.00

0.04 76.09
0.94 18.00
0.02 32.04
1.00

TRIPPING PROCESS FOR PROPENE RECOVERY(D-401)


Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
0.48 58.08
0.52 42.09
0.00 32.04 Mass Balance (kg/hr)
1.00 INLET OUTLET
16241.84 16241.84 BALANCED
1.00 42.09
1.00

1.00 58.08
0.00 32.04
1.00

PROPYLENE OXIDE FINAL PURIFICATION(D-501)


Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
1.00 58.08
0.00 32.04
1.00 Mass Balance (kg/hr)
INLET OUTLET
1.000 58.08 9072.12 9072.12 BALANCED
0.000 32.04
1.00

0.999 32.04
0.001 58.08
1.000

METHANOL RECOVERY AND RECYCLING(D-601)


Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
0.04 76.09
0.94 18.00
0.02 32.04 Mass Balance (kg/hr)
0.0000 58.08
1.00 INLET OUTLET
3515.07 3515.07 BALANCED
1.0000 32.04
0.0001 58.08
1.000

0.04 76.09
0.96 18.00
1.00

WATER RECOVERY(D-701)
Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
0.04 76.09
0.96 18.00
1.00
Mass Balance (kg/hr)
1.00 18.00 INLET OUTLET
1.00 3393.88 3393.88 BALANCED

1.00 76.09
1.00

OVERALL MASS BALANCE


Molar fraction Molecular weight (g/mol)
0.83 42.09
0.17 34.01
0.00 32.04
Overall Mass Balance Check
1.00 INLET 238.21 41362.07 OUTLET BALANCED
0.00 32.00
0.15 58.08
0.16 18.00
0.67 42.09
0.00 32.04
0.01 76.09
1.00
Fraction (PO) 0.96

Conversion (H202)
Reaction 1 0.96
Reaction 2 1.00
Reaction 3 1.00

BALANCED
x y x=y alpha = 4.5161
0 0 0
0.1 0.334127 0.1
0.2 0.530301 0.2
0.3 0.659339 0.3
0.4 0.750669 0.4 VLE
0.5 0.818712 0.5
1.2
0.6 0.871369 0.6
0.7 0.913327 0.7 1
0.8 0.947546 0.8
0.9 0.975987 0.9

Vapour Mol Fraction


0.8
1 1 1
0.6

Input Data 0.4


Xd 0.9991
Xb 0.0999 0.2
q 0.5
Reflux Ratio 1.92 0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Liquid Mol Fraction


Q-Line
0.5 0.5
0.5 1 x=y equi q TOL B

TOL
0.9991 0.9991
0.5 0.670925
0 0.342158

BOL
0.0999 0.0999
0.5 0.670925

Determine Rmin
VLE

4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

Liquid Mol Fraction

equi q TOL BOL


Stream 5 11 7 4
Temperature 25 26.7 25 60
Pressure (kPa) 100 400 100 400
Mass Flowrate
Component Mass Fraction
Methanol 1 0.956 0 0
WCO 0 0 0 1
FAME (biodiesel) 0 0 0 0
Glycerol 0 0 0 0
NaOH 0 0.044 1 0
H2 O 0 0 0 0
H3PO4 0 0 0 0
Na3PO4 0 0 0 0
Total 1 1 1 1

Stream Stream ComponenFraction


23 28657.4008 24 Wastewate 0.001
Methanol 0.002

Total 0.003

25 Biodiesel 0.997

Total 1

Stream Stream ComponenFraction


20 28657.4008 24 Wastewate 0.001
Methanol 0.002

Total 0.003

25 Biodiesel 0.997

Total 1
12 13 15 23 34 35 24 25 25 36
60 28.2 122.34 60 60 60 193.7 193.7 414.7 56.2
400 20 30 110 110 110 10 10 20 40

0.092 1 0.006 0.003 0.032 0 0.388 0 0 0.363


0.041 0 0.045 0.05 0 0 0 0 1 0
0.779 0 0.853 0.946 0.002 0 0.504 0.997 0 0
0.081 0 0.088 0 0.85 0 0 0 0 0
0.008 0 0.008 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0.001 0.117 0 0.107 0.003 0.002 0.637
0 0 0 0 0 0.005 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0.995 0 0 0 0
1.001 1 1 1 1.001 1 0.999 1 1.002 1

DC-201
Mass Flowrate Total Flowrate
28.6574
57.3148 85.9722 TOTAL: 28657.4

85.9722

28657.4 28571.43

GS-201
Mass Flowrate Total Flowrate
28.6574
57.3148 85.9722 TOTAL: 28657.4

85.9722

28657.4 28571.43
37
112
50

0
0
0
0.85
0
0.15
0
0
1

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