NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

The science of materials at the molecular or subatomic

level and hence dubbed as the “science of the EVERYDAY MATERIALS AND PROCESSES
extremely small”. It also refers to the design, The Clear Nanoscale Films
characterization, production and application of Applied in eyeglasses, computer, camera displays,
structures, devices and systems by controlling shape windows, and other surfaces to make them water-and
and size at nanometer scale. residue repellent, self-cleaning, resistant to infrared
light, antimicrobial, and scratch-resistant.
Nano: 10^-9
A unit meaning one billionth or ten raised to negative Nanoscale additives in polymer composite materials for
nine (10^-9) light weighting and fuel saving
Applied in baseball bats, luggage, power tool housings,
Nanoscience and automobile parts to make them lightweight, stiff,
The study of phenomena and manipulation of materials durable, and resilient. Its application for light weighting
at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where is also being expanded in cars, trucks, airplanes, boats
properties differ significantly from those at a larger and spacecraft because it can greatly save fuel.
scale.
Nanoparticles used in Catalysis
Nanotechnology research and development involves Applied when boosting chemical reactions specifically in
imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter petroleum refining and automotive catalytic converters.
between approximately 1–100 nanometers. This is to reduce the number of catalytic materials and
pollutants.
How Small Nano is...
- A sheet of paper is about 100,000 nanometers Nanoscale materials (Titanium Dioxide & Zinc Oxide) in
thick. personal products.
- A strand of human DNA is 2.5 nanometers in Applied to improve skincare products specifically in
diameter. sunscreen formulas. To provide protection against
- There are 25,400,000 nanometers in one inch. the sun while appearing invisible on the skin.
- A human hair is approximately 80,000–100,000
nanometers wide. Nanoscale materials to enable “Smart Fabrics”
- A single gold atom is about a third of a Transforming ordinary fabrics into “Smart ones” by
nanometer in diameter. adding nanoscale sensors and electronics to be able to
monitor health, capture solar energy, and harvest
Nanoscale energy through movement. While still being washable
and durable.

ELECTRONICS AND IT
Smaller Transistors
Nanotechnology was able to produce smaller, faster,
and better transistors - the basic switches that enable
modern computing and can eventually store memory in
a single tiny chip. Its typical size was 130 – 250
nanometers until in 2016 Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab demonstrated a one nanometer transistor.

Quantum dots for Ultra- High-definition Display

Applied Quantum dots to displays or televisions to
Scientists use various instruments, such as the scanning produce stronger vibrant colors while being more
electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, energy efficient.
atomic force microscope, and scanning tunneling
microscope, to study and manipulate nanoscale Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM)
materials. The development of these instruments has Enabled by nanometer-scale magnetic tunnel junctions
been critical to the advancement of nanotechnology. that will be able to instantly boot computers /
electronic devices which will have resume-play features
Nanomanufacturing is the process of creating and effectively save data during a system shutdown.
nanoscale materials, structures, devices, and systems in
a reliable and cost-effective manner. There are two Flexible Electronics
primary approaches to nanomanufacturing: Applied on wearables, medical applications, aerospace
- the top-down approach - which involves applications, and the Internet of Things. Nanomaterials
reducing large pieces of material to the like graphene and cellulosic nanomaterials are used to
nanoscale, and produce flexible wearable sensors that can be sewn
- the bottom-up approach, which involves onto clothing. Another is semiconductor
building up nanoscale structures from atomic or nanomembranes for creating smartphones and e-reader
molecular components. displays. Flat, flexible, lightweight, and non-brittle
electronics can greatly increase smart products.
New processes that enable nanomanufacturing include
chemical vapor deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, Nanoparticle copper suspension
atomic layer epitaxy, dip pen lithography, nanoimprint Applied to fuse electronics in a safer, cheaper, and more
lithography, roll-to-roll processing, and self-assembly.
reliable way in the assembly process as compared to a Nanotechnology-enabled sensors and solutions are now
lead-based solder or other hazardous materials. able to detect and identify chemical or biological agents
in the air and soil with much higher sensitivity than ever
MEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE before.
Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology in
medicine and healthcare. It's been used to combat TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURES
common diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular Strengthening Materials Roads, tunnels, and bridges can
diseases among others. Nanomedicine is the word used be strengthened and reinforced with nanomaterials.
to refer to the combination of nanotechnology with
drugs or diagnostic molecules in order to improve the Self-Cleaning Surface
targeting of specific cells or tissues. Transportation infrastructure can be coated with
nanocoating to generate surfaces that are self-cleaning
Nanoflares and repel dirt, debris, and other pollutants.
Are used in detection and diagnosis
in the medical field. It is a particle designed to Anti-Corrosion Coatings
bind itself together to examine the human body Nanocoatings can also be used to make anticorrosion
that enables detection of cancer cells in the coverings that shield transportation infrastructure from
bloodstream. harm brought on by external elements like saltwater
and acid rain.
Drug delivery
Nanotechnology for drug delivery applications NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
treatment employs large size material for drug Nano-enabled biosensors
delivery present problems such as poor bioavailability, Nanobiosensors are widely used for molecularly
low solubility, a lack of targeted delivery and detecting biomarkers associated with disease diagnosis
generalized side effects. The application of to detect bacteria, and fungi.
nanotechnology for drug delivery provides the
potential for enhanced treatment with targeted Nanosensors
delivery and fewer side effects. Nanosensors can measure the soil pH, nutrients,
residual particles, temperature, nutrient requirement,
Gold nanoparticles and moisture content. It can sense urea, glucose, and
In the medical setting, gold nanoparticles are widely pesticides.
used, as they are versatile and possess biocompatibility.
This means they can be used in a variety of medical Nanoclay
procedures. They possess intrinsic characteristics that A type of nanomaterial used to improve soil and crop
allow them to be altered in terms of shape, size, properties. It can also help retain water and nutrients,
and aspect ratio. increase crop yield, and protect plants from pests and
- Gold nanoparticles in cosmetics and diseases.
dermatology is able to interact with the
skin barrier, which in turn enhances delivery. Nanoemulsion
Nanoemulsion based pesticides formulations are
Regeneration formulations that have active chemicals which can be
Is a natural process that allows plants and animals to used in preventing and treating the crops from any pest
replace or restore damaged or missing cells, tissues, or diseases. The maximal efficiency can be achieved
organs, and even entire body parts to full function. through Nano emulsion that acts as a vector in carrying
and delivering bioactive compounds to the target pest
Regenerative Medicine in crops.
Is focused on developing and applying new treatments
to heal tissues and organs and restore function lost due APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
to aging, disease, damage or defects. IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Food Packaging
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION & Nanocomposites multiphase material derived
FUTURE TRANSPORTATION BENEFIT from the combination of two or more components.
Environmental Remediation refers to the developing Retains the original quality of the products and prevent
actions in reducing radiation exposure to mitigate its the growth of spoilage bacteria in high-moisture food
effects on the environment. This highly integrates the items.
consideration of the appropriation of processes and
actions that trigger radiative exposure by weighing Nanoemulsion requires the use of two immiscible
its environmental effects and impacts. liquids and an emulsifier. Nanoemulsion-based edible
nanocoatings that extends the shef life of dairy
Researchers have developed a nanofabric "paper towel" products, meat, fruits and vegetables.
woven from tiny wires of potassium manganese oxide
that can absorb 20 times its weight in oil for cleanup Nanoclay
applications. Nanoparticles of layered mineral silicates. Used to
prepare nanocomposites for food packaging wide
Many airplane cabins and other types of air filters are availability, easy processability, good performance, and
nanotechnology-based filters that allow “mechanical lower cost
filtration".
Nanofiber
Lightweight with small diameters, controllable pore
structures and high surface-to-volume ratio improve
mechanical, barrier, and optical properties of packaging.

SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT
Sustainable manufacturing
Advanced alloys, high-strength steels, and
composites can be recycled after being crushed —
either by mixing it with other components to
strengthen it or end up with auto manufacturers to
be ‘remanufactured’ as automobile frames.

Battery
Nanotechnology has the potential to significantly
enhance the performance of batteries by improving
their energy density, power output, and cycle life.

Quick charging, charging infrastructure

Nanotechnology plays a crucial role in the development
of quick charging and charging infrastructure for electric
vehicles (EVs) by enhancing the performance and
efficiency of supercapacitors.