Arsi

University
College of Agriculture And Environment
Science
Department of Natural Resource Management
Community based practical education report on Planting
Tree and Forest conservation

Debay Tilat Gin Woreda Nabra Yebalat Kebele

,East Gojjam Zone Agriculture office
Prepared by: ID NO. Ugr/10701/13
Melese Tefera
Date of submission:21/1/1016E.C

Arsi Ethiopia
October, 2023

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 Table of Contents
Acknowledgment...............................................................................................................................i
Abstract.............................................................................................................................................ii
1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background of the planting tree and forest conservation......................................................1
1.2 Objectives of planting tree and forest conservation..............................................................2
1.2.1 Goal......................................................................................................................................3
1.2.2 Mission............................................................................................................................3
1.2.3 Vision...............................................................................................................................3
1.2.4 SWOT analysis.................................................................................................................3
1.2.4.1Strength of the organization
1.2.4.2 weaknes of the organazation
1.2.4.3 Opportunity of the organazation
1.2.4.4 Threat of the organazation............................................................................................3
1.3.5 Value of the organization................................................................................................5
1.3.6 Structure of institution/organization...............................................................................5
Chapter two: Description of community based practical education Site.........................................6
2.1 Geographical Location............................................................................................................6
2.2 climate
2.3 Population.............................................................................................................................. 7
2.4 Land Use / Land Cover............................................................................................................7
2.5 Vegetation..............................................................................................................................7
Chapter three: Materials and Methodology used/Approached I Followed......................................7
3.1 Materials used........................................................................................................................7
3.2 Methodology..........................................................................................................................8
3.3 Source of data.........................................................................................................................8
Chapter four: Focus area/activities that has been practiced/reviewed during community based
practical education period................................................................................................................9
4.1 Introduction to planting tre....................................................................................................9
4.2 steps in planting trees....................................................................................................
Chapter five: Challenges observed at the organazation
Chapter six: Experience gained and lesson learned .................................................................9
Chapter seven: Conclusion and Recommendation.........................................................................10
7.1 Conclusions...........................................................................................................................10
7.2 Recommendation.................................................................................................................11

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REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................12

Acknowledgment
I would like to express thanks to my supervisor Mr Sitotaw Endale and all host
organization members for those gives advices, supports, answer for all my
questions and continues follows up to my community based practical
education study effective and successful. In addition, we would like to give
thanks for all lectures.

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 Abstract
Historically, the Ethiopian farmers had no security on their forest.
The key focus of this community based practical education is on the types of forest
and property as it is taken as one reason for the backwardness and poverty. Planting
tree and forest conservation, the eight steps of planting tree and forest conservation
in Amhara regions, Debay Tilat Gin Woreda Nabra Yebalat kebel. The community
based practical education also includes the background and description of the
community based practical education site, opportunities and challenges what I have
observed at the organization from different viewpoint and the recommendation taken
to overcome the existing problem. The community based practical education is largely
based on a review of planting tree and forest conservation and discussions with
Woreda experts in the field and office.

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Chapter one: Introduction to the community based practical
education

1. Introduction
1.1 Background of the planting tree and forest conservation
Tree planting is the process of Trans planting tree seedling generally for the forestry
land reclamation or land scraping purpose of it differs from the Trans planting of
larger trees in arboriculture and from the lower cost but slower and less reliable
distribution of tree seeds. Trees contributed to their environment over long period of
time by providing oxygen, improving air quality climate amelioration, conserving
water, preserving soil and supporting wild life.

Forest resources have diverse social, economic and ecological values and uses in
Ethiopia. Some of these include construction and fuel wood supply (firewood and
charcoal), food and livestock feed, industrial inputs (timber, paper and pulpwood
production) and improves rural livelihoods. In addition, it contributes to soil and
water conservation, controlling land slide and siltation, rehabilitation of degraded
lands as well as mitigation and adaptation of climate change. However, the forest
resources are severely degraded due to various human and natural factors.
Agricultural expansion and human settlement, high demand of fuel wood supply,
forest fire and free grazing are major factors. Thus, to reverse critical problems
including land degradation, desertification, climate change, biodiversity loss and
water and soil conservation, enhancing the forest cover though plantation expansion
and development is very helpful. With these national green environmental and
economic goals, the Green Legacy Initiative is launched and tree-planting campaign
has been going-on for the 4th round. Consequently, 4 billion seedlings in 2011 E.C., 5
billion seedlings in 2012 E.C. and more than 6 billion seedlings in 2013 E.C. were
planted (ETV News, 2022). To address this specific objective, raising high quality
and large number of tree seedlings with best survival rate and growth performance at
nursery or greenhouse will be very important. This, in turn, directly associated with
effective establishment of tree seedlings with better survival rate, growth performance
and adaptation potential at field.

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1.2 Objectives of planting tree and forest conservation
- To improving tenure security
- To encouraging forest and natural resources conservation and
rehabilitation.
- To regulate land use and its protection
- To reducing conflicts over land boundaries and user rights among
farmers.

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 1.2.1 Goal
 To improve the living condition of the community by building a
modern forest management system in the Kebele, solving land related
issues and ensuring equitable land use.
 Inheriting undamaged land for future generation to ensure the benefit
people.
 Establish equitable forest compensation for forest owners leaving for
development for the benefit of the public.

1.2.2 Mission
 Establish a sustainable and legitimate forest management and use
system for the benefit of the present generation without compromising
the right of the Keble to determine and use the natural resource.

1.2.3 Vision
 To see the people of the Keble benefit from the result by building a fair
planting tree and use system.

1.2.4 SWOT analysis

1.2.4.1 Strength of the organazation
 Ability to use the limited budget allotted
 The employee social interaction is strong
 Ability to seed an updated monthly report of the works performed and a
quarterly report to the concerned bodies
 All experts are accountable and transparent for the community
 Accomplish different activities actively and quickly
 It creates good coordination between the experts because it is narrow
 They are polite and honest to give service to the community
 Most staff workers are punctuality and respecting and accepting diver
 Create awareness about land administration

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 1.2.4.2 Weakness of the organization
 Due to lack of budget and vehicles of the office, the work has been done down
to the kebele expert inability to support and evaluate.
 Traditional planting process
 Uncoordinated duty among different sectors and lack of coordination
 Lack of well-versed employee that has to do with the job
 Lack of training for employees and compelled to do their work traditionally
 Communication constraint
 Disposable income of the expert is low and fixed
 The organization could not grant development of professionals to the next
education level
 Shortage of planting tree and forest conservation professionals in the host
organization.

1.2.4.3 Opportunity of the organization

From community perspective:
 Makes safe and modernize wegera Woreda to kembi kebele
 Easy to development of forest markets
 Increase awareness for tax payers to pay their tax on time
 It helps to keep their forest because they have clearly defined boundary
 Local elder does not confuse so as to resolve boundary disputes because the
boundary of each parcel is clearly visible
From government perspective:
 Makes easier for way of tax collection
 To reduce rate of unemployment
 In order to resolve land disputes easily
From NGOs perspective:
 For the non-governmental organizations gives an opportunity to give their
services to the community by providing improved transportation system
From expert perspective:
 Experts have enough time for their capacity building
 Creates job opportunity
 Simple job structures

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1.2.4.4 Threat of the organization
 Corruption
 Illegal land grabbing can occur
 The sense of expectation may not disappear for a short time
 Boundary pushing can occur
 Farmer whose land have been affected by development may not be
rehabilitated
 Uneven distribution of trained land management employee
 Lack of willingness among the society to combat illegal farming
 Due to absence of modernized surveying instruments it fails to inaccurate
boundary preparation and it leads to land related conflicts

1.3.5 Value of the organization

o Professional Competence
 Objectivity or impartiality
 Benevolence
 Team Work

1.3.6 Human Resources

The Educational statues of the organization staff is shown by the

following table:

NO Team Male Female Total Education

al status
1 Office head 1 0 1 1BSc
2 Animal science 1 2 3 2BSc
1Dip

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3 NARM 1 1 2 2Dip
4 Plant science 0 1 1 1BSc
5 Environmental 1 0 1 1Dip
science
6 Human health 0 4 4 4Dip

Table 1-1 Educational statues of the organization

1.4 Scope of the community based practical education

The scope of the community based practical educationally limited to Debay
Tilat Gin Woreda in Nabra Yebalat Keble East Gojjam zone concerning the
planting tree and forest conservation process.

Chapter two: Description of community based

practical education Site
2.1 Geographical Location
Debay Tilat Gin Woreda in Nabra Yebalet kebele is located in Amhara Region North
central of Addis Ababa,East GojjamZone,Debay Tilat GinWoreda at a distance of
211km far from Addis Ababa .

2.2 Climate
The climatic zone of the study area ranges from weina dega to kola which
characterizes most of the Ethiopian low lands. This climates zone divided in to
three. These are weina dega 75%, degas 2%, and kola 23% from the total
climate. The rainfall distribution is bimodal having two rainy seasons per year
which means maximum rainfall from first June to the end of August and
minimum rainfall from the beginning of March to the end of May. The annual
rainfall amount ranges from 800-1200 mm and the temperature ranges
between 15 0c_30 0C.
2.3 Population
The 2012 national census reported a total population for this kebele of 1458 of
whom 1202 were men and 256 were women. The All of the inhabitants said
they were Orthodox Christianity with 100% of the population reporting they
observed, this bell

Kebele Population Total

Nabra Men Women 1458
Yebalat 1202 256

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 Table 1-2 Population of kembi kebele

2.4 Land Use / Land Cover

Nabra Yebalat kebele is characterized by mountainous area and downstream of
land. Particularly Nabra Yebalat is covered by different types of land use.
Cultivated land is one of the lands uses type in which most farmers rely on this
land use type. Forest cover, bush land, shrub land and grassland are the most
land use type of Nabra Yebalat.

2.5 Vegetation
The main crops grown either for consumption or sale are Pea, wheat, barley,
teff, sorghum, maize, gesho . Crops are grown in both seasons (summer and
spring), but summer is the most important season for crop production. In their
Orders of importance, the main crops grown for consumption are teff and
maize. The basic cash crops grown are ogesh In addition to the district is
covered by different indigenous and natural forest is. Wanza one of the natural
forest species which have essential for timber production.

Chapter three: Materials and Methodology

used/Approached I Followed

3.1 Materials used

Material and Software to be used during my community based practical
education work
NO Material and software Purpose/function
used
1 Computer To store, process and analysis of data
2 Printer To printing of file on hard copy
Table 1-2 Material and Software used

3.2 Methodology
Procedures to conduct the community based practical education
Activities and to collect relevant information are:

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  First, I tried to make a good communication with different officials.
 I attended in the office to understand different practices that could be
done in the office
 I determine the responsibilities of all officials in the staff
 I collected different documents that could help us to collect good data
for the report
 Reading forest proclamations, manuals, laws, rule and regulation
 Exchange ideas and experience from other groups to develop our
activity
 Finally, we made a conversation or interview with official and we
organized all the information we gathered.
3.3 Source of data
Generally, we have used primary and secondary data source to prepare these
community based practical education report.
Primary data source
Communications with members of organization during field survey, Field
Observation, Observational work flow in office.

Secondary data source

The Secondary data sources are included documents from the organization,
internet, regional manuals, proclamations, land law; also we have used Aerial
photography, Existing base maps.

Chapter four: Focus area/activities that has been

practiced/reviewed during community based practical
education period
4.1 Introduction to planting tree

The planting trees in activity is known as reforestation or afforestation depending on

whether the area being planted has or has not recently been forested .it involves
planting seedling over an area of land where the forest has been harvested or damaged
by fire, disease or human activity .
The species of planting trees in filed works Akashadecrecy (Nechigrar), cordial
Africana (wanza).
Akashadecrecy (Nechigrar) plans to plating in crop fields. The famers to plating in
crop area, because to importance of the crops, increasing soil fertility and to used to
charcoal.

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 Cordial Africana (wanza). Is an important multi-purpose tree used mainly for timber
production, as are auxiliary plants in agriculture and as medicinal plant, but also
yielding edible fruits, fore age and fire wood.

4.2 steps in planting trees

In the activity the steps involves in planting trees
1. Cleaning the sit
2. Digging a hole
3. Obtaining the plant
4. Watering the seedling
5. Removing the plant from the pot or plastic
6. Placing the plant in the hole
7. Covering the roots with the soil
8. Gently packing the soil around the tree

Chapter five: Challenges observed at the organization

o Lack of budget
o Lack of offices
o Lacks of modernized instruments/materials
o Lack of planting tree and forest conservation professional experts in
the host organizations.
o There is no respecting of work
o The worker does not know the full information of institution
o Workers are not voluntary for field observation
o Lack of internet access
o Lack of GIS experts
o Unavailability of data and error of data

Chapter six: Experiences gained and lessons learned

 Advance our practical skill
 Enhance theoretical knowledge
 Provide opportunities to develop interpersonal communication skill
 Scale up leadership skill
 Understanding the work ethics skill
 Enabled us to build up team spirit
 Respecting and accepting diversity

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  From some worker we gained experience loyalty and punctuality on the
work
 I get the knowledge of report writing
 I get good practice how we can ask official employer to get the necessary
support during my work time
 I have developed the habit of tolerance and sociability with our colleague.

Chapter seven: Conclusion and Recommendation

7.1 Conclusions
Generally, about community based practical education activities planting Tree
and forest conservation process from two-month community based practical
education
Say activities I have tried to performed different practical activities and gain
more work experiences, skills and knowledge’s from in our host organization.
Specially developed our theoretical lecture courses within integrated practical
activities in the study area like forestry course. In addition, it creates good
opportunities to relationship within the host organization officials to create job
opportunities inside and outside the organization, to develop our work habits ’.
In general Natural Recourse Management is a key role for deciding, managing
forest conservation Ethiopia and also it is very important for city development
in infrastructure, in economic and in socially good relationships.

7.2 Recommendation

In general, to achieve successful plantation expansion and development in the forestry

sector quality and the required number of seedlings production is very important. To
address this objective, evaluating the survival rate and growth performance of
seedlings and determine their potential should be conducted. In addition, regular
follow up and supervision and regular silvicultural management methods should be
applied. Again, controlling free grazing, forest fire and other external influences
should be taken into consideration

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 REFERENCE
o Written documents stored in the office and worker organization.
o In the internet

Through observation of practical attachment /during the field in

Wegera Woreda kembi kebele.

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