DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI

I SEMESTER 2021-2022 MAJOR EXAMINATION Time limit: 3 hours

CVL 441 STRUCTURAL DESIGN Maximum Marks = 40 marks
Date: 22.11.2021 Time: 08:30 -11:30 hours Course Coordinator: Dr. Alok Madan
Instructions: (a) This is an ‘open’ book examination. Make realistic assumptions where necessary.
(b) Refer to Lecture Notes and Content published on the Moodle website for the course.
Refer to “e-Resources”!“Standards” link of IITD Library website for IS codes.
(c) The numerical or linguistic values for data variables ‘U’, ‘C’, ‘T’, ‘N’, ‘Z’, ‘a’, ‘x’,
‘b’, ‘y’, ‘H’, ‘B’, ‘W’, ‘C’, ‘L’, ‘Ro’, ‘Ri’ and ‘O’ Data that is specifically assigned
to you for above-mentioned variables is presented in the Annexure A by referring
to your Entry number in the Tables A1 and A2 displayed on Pages 4, 5 and 6. You
must write the exact data assigned to you for each Question attempted by you in
your Answer Scripts before writing the Solution to the Question to avoid a penalty.
(d) Online submission of answer scripts is permitted in .pdf format only on the

W
dedicated web link nested under the heading “November 22, 2021” on the Moodle
website for the Course CVL 441 (web link will close exactly at 12:00 hours).
Online submissions (on the dedicated Moodle web link) will be closed at 12:00
hours (end time of Major Examination for slot H courses as notified in the Institute
Timetable). Any submission after 12:00 hours on 22.11.2021 will be declined.
CONCRETE STRUCTURES
1. A building of ‘N’ storeys with Functional Use ‘U’ is to be constructed in a City ‘C’ in India [Ref:
Table 1, Figure 1 and Annexure A of IS: 875 (III) – 2015] in Terrain Category ‘T’ [Ref: Table 2
-
of IS: 875 (III)] on a flat topography as a reinforced concrete framed structure with a glass
cladding and floor slabs that act as rigid diaphragms (rigid in their horizontal plane) and raft
-

foundation. The building has equal story heights of ‘Z’ m with plan and elevation shown in Figure
-

1. Figure 1 also illustrates the location of equivalent 2-D (planar) frames or idealized plane frames.
(a) Calculate the E wind forces acting on individual floors of idealized plane Frame 1-1 and plane
Frame A-A due to design wind loading calculated as per IS: 875 (Part III) - 2015. Subdivide
-

the height of building into at least six (6) segments to account for the variation of factor
0 k2 along height in the atmospheric boundary layer Assume that the stiffness of the exterior
frames is twice that of interior frames and tributary area for wind force acting on any floor
-

is the sum of half the surface areas of the story above and story below. Sketch the idealized
e e
-

-
plane Frames 1-1 and A-A mentioning the computed values of wind forces acting on
e

-
-
individual floors of plane frames 1-1 and A-A due to design wind loading. (8 marks)
-
- - -

-
-

(b) Mathematically, based on principles of fluid mechanics, derive the theoretical basis for
-

physical interpretation of the following equation provided in IS: 875 (III) – 2015 for
n e e

-
calculating
-
the wind pressure pz at a height z, considering k4 = 1.0 for a non-cyclonic region:-
Pz = 0.6 Vz2, where Vz is design wind speed at height z above mean ground level given as:
- - -

Vz = k1.k2.k3.k4. Vb , in which, Vb is the basic wind speed.

-

Briefly, mention which factor in above equation accounts for boundary layer flow of wind in
-

the atmospheric boundary layer. Write the theoretical equation for boundary layer flow with
-

surface roughness coefficient of boundary (ground in context of wind). (2 marks)

- e

(c) Using probability theory, show that the gust factor g statistically accounts for the dynamic
nature of the wind load due to atmospheric turbulence. Also, derive the mathematical
relationship between the basic wind speed Vb specified by the IS code and the mean wind
speed at a reference height of 10 m above. (2 marks)

Page 1 of 7
1 . 191 Vz =

Vbk kakyby-60km dist

, from coast
4 Pg 10
↳ See 6 0 30
↳
set Let table
Annexure C 31 :
80x3"

Going
>
table
-

↳ varies
with
height
of oach floor
.

↳ anexure
>

Pz =
0. GV
Pa =

1 KP2
↳D
Wind load (F)= <Cp , -(pilAxpd .

# ↳
+or-
tables

-3
Lo
plan

eplea
->

L
↳ Ad Oo
take
for

I
warst combo -
2.
#
A single cell reinforced concrete rectangular tank with inner plan dimensions A and B, height H
and wall thickness ‘t’ is fully filled with water. Figure 2 shows the elevation of the longer wall
- -

of the tank. Considering B > A and t = 360 mm, compute the ratio H/B and: (1 mark)
-

(i) Assuming that t << A, determine the hoop -

tension T per unit height (tensile hoop force) in
the longer wall or plate [Figure 2] of rectangular water tank*at mid-height. (1 mark)
-

-
=
-

(ii) Plot the variation of bending moment per unit height along the width of the longer wall
- -

(two-way slab shown Figure 2) of the rectangular tank at mid-height of the tank. Mention the
-- -

values at- critical locations. The relevant data for calculating the bending moments per unit
- -
-

-
-
length in either direction x or y at critical locations a, b and c in a typical wall (two way slab)
-

of the rectangular tank is provided in Table 1 based on plate theory. (2 marks)

-
-

-
(iii) Plot the variation of bending moment per unit width along the height of longer wall of
e

rectangular tank at mid-width of wall. Mention the values at critical locations. (2 marks)
STEEL STRUCTURES
3. A steel gantry (crane) girder is to be designed to support two cranes of capacity ‘W’ kN each
working in tandem. The span of the crane between the rails is ‘C’ m. [Refer Table A2 in
-
- -

- --

Annexure A for Design Data specifically assigned to you]. The gantry girder may be assumed
ase simply supported on the columns with a center-to-center spacing between the columns as ‘L’
-

i.e. effective span of steel gantry girder is L m. (i) Calculate the - Maximum Wheel Load w,
1
-

Design Bending Moments due to - vertical and horizontal (longitudinal and transverse loads)
- -
-

including impact as well as the Design Shear Force for the gantry girder [Refer Annexure B
-
- -
-
-

for Typical Data and Specifications for Overhead Electric Cranes]. Compare the calculated
- -
-
-

value of the wheel load with the maximum wheel load specified in the Typical Data presented in
-

Annexure B for overhead electric cranes. Assume that weight of rail is 0.3 kN/m and closest
-

minimum distance between wheels of adjacent cranes is 1100 mm (0.1 m). (ii) DESIGN an
-

- -

economical built-up section or plate girder section as per IS: 800 – 2007. (12 marks)
-

4. (a) Mathematically, show that the span of a through-type steel railway truss bridge shown in
Figure 3 constructed over a river crossing is most economical when the cost of substructure
per unit length equals the sum of cost of main trusses and cost of lateral bracings each
measured per unit length of the bridge. Mention the underlying assumptions. (2 marks)
(b) Theoretically, prove that the truss of the through type railway steel truss bridge shown in
Figure 3 has the most economical configuration when the diagonal members are inclined at
45o to the horizontal.. (2 marks)
5. The plan view of a single-story telephone exchange building with a height of 4 meters and glass
cladding is shown in Figure 4. The building is to be constructed in Srinagar with a rigid floor
slab and combined footings as foundations on soft soil as special moment resisting steel frames
(ductile frames with steel beams and columns) without brick infills located on two circular arcs
with radius of inner arc as ‘Ri’ m, radius of outer arc as ‘Ro’ m and outer arc lengths between
adjacent frames uniformly as ‘O’ m [Refer Annexure A, Table A2 for individual Design Data].
(a) Calculate the design horizontal seismic base shear VBY or lateral earthquake force along the
y direction (axis of symmetry) on the building as a percentage of the seismic weight ‘W’ of
the building using the response spectrum method as per IS: 1893 (Part I) – 2016 assuming
that dead and live loads are uniformly distributed over the plan area. (2 marks)
(b) Considering that a design lateral load of 200 kN due to earthquake loading acts on the
building at the roof level along y axis (axis of symmetry) of the building and the stiffness of
steel frames on grid lines 3-3 is half that of steel frames on grid lines 1-1 and 2-2, Determine
the design lateral load shared by steel frames on grid lines 1-1, 2-2 and 3-3. (4 marks)

Page 2 of 7
Nt
of name :
Wh
of wab - aune=wI
of
urab -

-
--
 y

a @ X meters = a . X (m) Panel

A Length
b+1 U1 U2 ‘p’ Un Un+1 Un+2
b
h
4 L0 Lnp
b @ Y meters 3 L1 L2 Ln Ln+1 Ln+2
=
b . Y (m) 2 Number of panels np @ p (panel length)

1 1 x Span Length l
A B C D E X
Figure 3

gitati
PLAN

Y axis - Axis of symmetry

Om 1 Om
2 2
N @ Z meters axis
O m
= Om
N . Z (m) 1
3 2 2 3

3 3
Ri m Ro m

ELEVATION 200 kN

Figure 1
Figure 4

ELEVATION OF TANK WALL

y Myc H/B cxa cxc cyb cyc

0.5 H
a x 0 - 0.3 -0.020 0.000 -0.063 0.030
c Mxc 0.5 -0.037 0.000 -0.063 0.030
Mxa 0.75 -0.035 0.005 -0.048 0.020
0.5 H Myb
b 1.0 -0.029 0.010 -0.035 0.000
Table 1: Bending Moment Coefficients based on Theory of Plates
for a plate with three edges fixed and one edge free
0.5 B 0.5 B
Mxa Figure 2
Mxc (bending moment considered +ve for
tension on outer face of wall)
HORIZONTAL SECTION OF THE
LONGER WALL OF THE TANK

Page 3 of 7
 ANNEXURE A : DATA FOR QUESTIONS 1, 2, 3 and 5 ASSIGNED TO INDIVIDUAL STUDENT
Table A1: Data for Questions 1 and 2 with Different Numerical and Linguistic Values of
Data Variables assigned specifically to each student
Note: No credit of marks i.e. zero marks will be given if you do not use the exact data that is specifically
assigned to you as specified in the row of your Entry Number in following Table A1
Entry Number Data relevant and applicable to Question No. 1 Data relevant
(Marks will be - to Question 2
awarded only U C T N Z a x b y H B
-

for using own (Use or Class (City / (Terrain (m) (m) (m) (m) !m"
data) of Structure) Town) Category)
2015CE10316 Power Company Aizawl 1 7 4 6 4 6 5 7 9
2016CE10256 Power Company Aizawl 2 8 3 6 5 6 4 8 8
2016CE10287 Power Company Aizawl 3 6 4.5 5 4 6 5 6 10
2018CE10071 ⑭ Power Company Aizawl 4 9 3.5 6 5 6 4 7 14
2018CE10072 Power Company Aizawl 1 11 4 6 4 6 5 8 12
2018CE10077 Power Company Delhi 2 9 3.5 5 4 5 6 6 8
2018CE10082 Power Company Delhi 3 11 3 6 5 5 5 4 6
2018CE10083 Power Company Mandi 4 7 4 6 4 5 6 5 10
2018CE10091 Power Company Mandi 1 8 3 5 7 6 5 9 12
2018CE10092 Power Company Mandi 2 6 4.5 5 6 6 4 11 15
2018CE10099 Commercial Roorkee 1 8 4 6 5 6 6 10 15
2018CE10102 Commercial Roorkee 2 9 3 6 6 6 5 4 9
Commercial Roorkee 3 10 4.5 5 6 6 5 5 7
2018CE10106
2018CE10109
⑪ Commercial Roorkee 4 11 3.5 5 7 6 7 7 11
2018CE10111 Commercial Roorkee 1 7 4 6 7 5 7 8 14
2018CE10112 Commercial Mumbai 2 8 3 6 5 6 7 6 12
2018CE10113 Commercial Mumbai 3 6 4.5 6 6 6 7 5 12
2018CE10115 Commercial Mumbai 4 9 3.5 5 7 5 6 6 15
2018CE10116 Commercial Mumbai 1 11 4 6 6 5 7 4 12
2018CE10117 Commercial Mumbai 2 9 3.5 5 6 5 7 10 12
2018CE10121 Communication Kolkata 1 8 4 6 6 6 7 7 16
2018CE10124 Communication Kolkata 2 9 3 6 7 6 6 8 10
2018CE10140 Communication Kolkata 3 10 4.5 5 6 5 7 6 18
2018CE10142 Communication Kolkata 4 7 4.5 6 6 5 6 7 18
2018CE10146 Communication Kolkata 1 11 3.5 5 7 6 7 8 16
2018CE10149
2018CE10150
⑭ Communication Mysore
Communication Mysore
2
3
7
8
4
3
5 7
5 7
6 5
6 7
6
4
6
4
2018CE10151 Communication Mysore 4 6 4.5 6 7 5 7 5 15
2018CE10152 Communication Mysore 1 11 4.5 6 5 6 7 9 18
2018CE10153 Communication Mysore 2 9 3.5 6 6 6 7 11 11
2018CE10154 Hospital Chennai 2 10 4.5 5 4 6 5 10 18
2018CE10157 Hospital Chennai 3 11 3.5 6 5 6 4 9 15
2018CE10158
2018CE10159 ⑭ Hospital
Hospital
Chennai
Chennai
4
1
7
8
4
4
6 4
5 6
6 5
6 6
5
7
5
7
2018CE10160 Hospital Chennai 2 9 3 5 7 6 5 9 9

Page 4 of 7
Table A1 (Contd.): Data for Questions 1 and 2 with Different Numerical and Linguistic
Values of Data Variables assigned specifically to each student
Note: No credit of marks i.e. zero marks will be given if you do not use the exact data that is specifically
assigned to you as specified in the row of your Entry Number in the following Table A1
Entry No. Data relevant and applicable to Question No. 1 Data relevant to
(Marks will be Question 2
awarded only U C T N Z a x b y H B
for using own (Use) (City) Terrain (m) (m) (m) (m) !m"
data) Category
2018CE10162 Hospital Agartala 4 7 4 6 5 6 7 10 10
2018CE10164 Hospital Agartala 1 8 3 6 7 6 5 11 14
2018CE10169 Hospital Agartala 2 6 4.5 5 7 6 7 12 12
2018CE10170 Hospital Agartala 3 10 3.5 6 7 6 5 11 17
2018CE10171 Hospital Agartala 4 9 4 5 6 6 6 12 15
2018CE10172
2018CE10175
⑦ Residential
Residential
Delhi
Delhi
1
2
10
8
3
3.5 6
6 5
4
6
6
4
5
11
12
22
20

Table A2: Data for Questions 3 and 5 assigned specifically to each student with
Different Numerical Values of Data Variables for each student
Note: No credit of marks i.e. zero marks will be given if you do not use the exact data that is specifically
assigned to you as specified in the row of your Entry Number in following Table A2
Entry Number Data relevant and applicable to Question No. 3 Data relevant to Question No. 5
(Marks will be Payload or Span of the Effective Span Radius of Radius Outer
awarded only Capacity Crane of Steel Gantry Inner Arc of Outer Arc
for using your of Crane between Rails Girder Arc Lengths
own data) W (in kN) C (in meters) L (in meters) Ri (m) Ro (m) O (m)
- 5 -

2015CE10316 100 24 7 18 27 7
2016CE10256 200 24 8 25 34 8
2016CE10287 50 24 6 15 20 6
2018CE10071 300 12 8 27 35 9
2018CE10072 500 18 9 36 43 5
2018CE10077 100 12 5 38 47 6
2018CE10082 200 24 9 34 42 7
2018CE10083 300 18 9 42 51 8
2018CE10091 50 18 7 44 53 9
2018CE10092 500 12 9 29 38 9
2018CE10099 100 18 8 22 29 6

Page 5 of 7
 Table A2 (Contd.): Data for Questions 3 and 5 assigned specifically to each student
with Different Numerical Values of Data Variables for each student
Note: No credit of marks i.e. zero marks will be given if you do not use the exact data assigned to you
Entry Number Data relevant and applicable to Question No. 3 Data relevant to Question No. 5
W (in kN) C (in meters) L (in meters) Ri (m) Ro (m) O (m)
2018CE10102 100 24 8 16 22 7
2018CE10106 200 18 7 18 25 8
2018CE10109 300 24 9 15 22 6
2018CE10111 50 24 8 20 26 7
2018CE10112 300 18 8 22 27 6
2018CE10113 100 24 6 26 34 8
2018CE10115 500 12 7 28 34 9
2018CE10116 300 12 7 32 40 9
2018CE10117 50 18 8 36 44 9
2018CE10121 500 18 7 25 34 6
2018CE10124 100 24 9 22 31 9
2018CE10140 200 24 7 27 35 7
2018CE10142 300 12 6 36 43 8
2018CE10146 50 24 7 38 47 9
2018CE10149 500 18 8 34 42 10
2018CE10150 100 18 7 42 51 11
2018CE10151 200 24 6 44 52 11
2018CE10152 300 18 7 29 34 7
2018CE10153 50 18 6 22 29 8
2018CE10154 500 24 9 21 28 6
2018CE10157 100 12 6 33 41 10
2018CE10158 500 24 8 23 32 8
2018CE10159 300 24 7 35 43 11
2018CE10160 50 18 5 37 46 10
2018CE10162 500 18 7 39 48 11
2018CE10164 100 18 5 40 47 9
2018CE10169 500 24 7 43 50 8
2018CE10170 300 24 8 44 52 11
2018CE10171 50 12 6 46 53 8
2018CE10172 500 12 8 47 54 9
2018CE10175 100 12 7 49 55 10

Page 6 of 7
ANNEXURE B: TYPICAL DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS OF OVERHEAD ELECTRIC CRANES FOR
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF STEEL GANTRY GIRDERS rr.p,rC /trrorC,oJ iEoddns
ti.rr .rrr
I
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I
 ⑰

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I
A

↳ table 13 ↑
.

-
-

⑳
-

↳
D·

i
->
Ti
⑮
 S = 1100 M

↳C

se

O
O
O
*

I
D
I

*
-
-
-
-
⑰
-
2
-> ↳
↑
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& -
-

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⑧
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↑
S

I
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↑

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A
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↓ %o
 ↳table 8
-
-

Stable 3
--
-

↳ table P

↳figz