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Three Phase

The document describes a laboratory experiment to measure power in a three-phase circuit using the two wattmeter method. Students will connect a balanced three-phase circuit with a variable resistive load to two wattmeters and measure voltage, current, and wattmeter readings at different load settings to calculate power. They will then analyze the results, limitations of the two wattmeter method, and conditions that produce negative wattmeter readings.

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Saket Kumar
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23 views

Three Phase

The document describes a laboratory experiment to measure power in a three-phase circuit using the two wattmeter method. Students will connect a balanced three-phase circuit with a variable resistive load to two wattmeters and measure voltage, current, and wattmeter readings at different load settings to calculate power. They will then analyze the results, limitations of the two wattmeter method, and conditions that produce negative wattmeter readings.

Uploaded by

Saket Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASANSOL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY
Measurement of Power in an Three plhase Circuit by Two Wattmeter Method
EXPERIMENT N0:-ES-EE-191/07
Objective*
To detcrminc power in a thrcc phasc circuit
conncctcd to balanccd supply.
Theory:
Let Vi,V;,V, be rms valucs of phasc voltage and I,, , I, be
rms values of phasc currcnts.
The 3phase system considercd is star conncctcd. The phasor
diagram is also shown.
Let phase voltages be V= V= Vj= Vph, line voltage VË=
V3Vph.
Phase currents I, = lh=l; =lph ,
line currents I, = l, = l,= Ieh
Power factor of the load = cos0

Current through wattmeter W=I


Pressure differencc across the pressure coil is = V, -V,= Vi2 and is determincd
from the Phasor diagram. It is
seen that its magnitude is equal to the line voltage VL. The phase
Difference between V12 and I, is (30*+0).
Therefore the rcading of wattmeter W, is given by P =V12 (30'+0).
Similarly, current through Wa is l, and potential difference across its pressure coil is V3= (V,-V2)
whose
magnitude is cqual to the line voltage and the phasc anglc betwccn the current and the voltage is (30°- 0).
Thus
the reading of wattmeter W; is give by

P,= 1V32cos (30*- 0)

Since I, = l= I and Vi2= V2= V, we have

P, =ILVL cos (30°+0) ...(1)

P;=IV cos (30°- 0)


Adding these we have P = Pit P2 = VL [cos (30'+ 0) + cos (30*- 0)]
= 3I, VL cos) ...(2)
Similarly, we can find P-P2 = I VL [cos (30°+ 0) - cos (30°- 0)]
= -IVsin) ...(3)
Dividing cquation (3) by cquation (2), wc get
P1-P2
P1+P2 -tan0

0= tan! 3 P1-P2
P1+P2

thercfore, power factor cos 0 =cos(tan-32)


P1+P2

000 V12 V.

W2
V

V3

Equipment/Instruments required:

Name of Quantity Type Range Maker's S. no.


pparatus name
Voltmeter

Ammeter

Resistors

Wattmeter
Circuit diagram:

Procedure:
1. The circuit is connected as shown in the circuit diagram with rheostats as variable load.

W,

Bo o

3, 50 Hz, A.C supply

2. Keeping the rheostats in maximum the balanced supply is made on.


The value of VR-oh, VB-oh, Vyoh, lR, ly, la, Pi, and P2are noted.
If any wattmeter deflects to the left, the M, L terminals of current coil are reversed and reading are
recorded with negative sign.
3. The load resistances are varied and five sets of reading are taken.

Experimental data:
Pi P: Total Power Total Power Power
Sl no. VR-ohVY-ph VB-ph P+P. factor
E( Vph x Iph)
A A A W W W W cos

Report:
All theoretical calculation to be shown.

The theoretical result is compared with experimental result.


Observations:

1.State limitation the of two wattmeter method of power measurement.

2.Comment on the readings of two wattmeter when -0,<90,-90,>90.

indicates a
three phase circuit by two wattmeter method, one of the Wattmeter
J. Wnle measurin8 power in a
negative reading. What should be done to read the wattmeter correctly?

in the circuit
4. Write the appropriate range of meters used

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