One-Line Electrotechnical

User’s Guide
Famic Technologies Inc. All rights reserved.©

Automation Studio™ One-Line Electrotechnical User’s Guide

Document Reference: DAS1LENFTP62U_020

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Reproduction or re-transmission of this manual or software, in whole or in part, by any

means is strictly prohibited without the express written consent of Famic
Technologies Inc.

Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Automation Studio™ is a registered trademark of Famic Technologies®
 Table of Contents

1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1-1

2 One-Line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor Interface ................................................ 2-1
2.1 One-Line Editor Main Window ............................................................................. 2-2
2.1.1 "Home" Tab ............................................................................................. 2-2
2.1.2 "Edit" Tab ................................................................................................ 2-3
2.1.3 "View" Tab .............................................................................................. 2-4
2.1.4 "Simulation" Tab ..................................................................................... 2-4
2.1.5 "One-Line" Tab ....................................................................................... 2-5
2.1.6 "Tools" Tab.............................................................................................. 2-5
2.1.7 The Automation Studio™ Menu ............................................................. 2-5
2.2 Floating Windows .................................................................................................. 2-6
2.2.1 Document Properties Window ................................................................. 2-6
3 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities ............................................... 3-1
3.1 Component Management ....................................................................................... 3-2
3.2 Symbol Management ............................................................................................. 3-4
3.3 Managing Essential Subdivisions and Locations ................................................... 3-5
3.4 Component Type Management .............................................................................. 3-7
3.4.1 Creating Component Types ..................................................................... 3-8
3.4.2 Assigning a type to a component ........................................................... 3-14
3.5 Associated Component Management .................................................................. 3-16
3.5.1 Manual Component Association ............................................................ 3-16
3.5.2 Automatic Component Association ....................................................... 3-18
3.5.3 Identifier Regeneration .......................................................................... 3-19
3.6 Naming Rule Management .................................................................................. 3-20
3.7 Standard Management ......................................................................................... 3-27
3.8 Diagnostic Management ...................................................................................... 3-31
4 Simulation ...................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1 Simulation Characteristics of One-Line Electrotechnical Circuits ........................ 4-1
4.2 Operating Components .......................................................................................... 4-2
4.3 Circuit Analysis Tools ........................................................................................... 4-4
4.3.1 Plotter ...................................................................................................... 4-4

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4.3.2 Dynamic Measuring Instruments .............................................................4-5
4.4 Operation and Fault Monitoring...........................................................................4-10
A Glossary ......................................................................................................................... A-1
B Index .............................................................................................................................. B-1

ii
1 Introduction
The One-line Electrotechnical Workshop is a graphic editing tool that manipulates and
simulates three-phase electrotechnical diagrams. Single-phase and direct-current
components are not simulated. Although there are no complete standards that rule one-
line schematic design, the designation used in Automation Studio ™ complies with the
philosophy of international standards such as IEC and NEMA.

This user guide provides all the required information to use and work efficiently with the
One-line Electrotechnical workshop of Automation Studio™. This guide includes technical
specifications for components, procedures to define properties, instructions for building
and simulating circuits, and provides examples of applications.

This guide is organized as follows:

Chapter 2 One-Line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor : This section describes all Automation
Studio™ menus related to one-line electrotechnical functions.

Chapter 3 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop : This section describes all the editing and
documentation functions available with the one-line electrotechnical workshop.

Chapter 4 Simulation : This section describes all the simulation functions available with
the one-line electrotechnical workshop.

The editor of the One-line Electrotechnical Workshop is not graphically compatible with
the other Automation Studio™ editors. Only components from the One-line
Electrotechnical Workshop and from the HMI & Control panel workshop can be used in a
one-line electrotechnical diagram.

Components from the One-line Electrotechnical Workshop cannot be used on other types
of diagrams. However, variables from the SFC workshop can be associated with
components from the One-line Electrotechnical Workshop without any problem. In the
same way, variables from the One-line Electrotechnical Workshop can be associated with
certain components from other workshops.

Automation Studio™ components are either emitters or receivers. An emitting component

transmits its state or value to receiving components that are associated with it. A
receiver component receives its state, value and “Tag Name” from the emitter to which it

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

is associated. For example, at Figure 1-1: Compatibility between Workshops, a

disconnector from the one-line workshop can communicate its state to a step from the
SFC workshop.

Figure 1-1: Compatibility between Workshops

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2 One-Line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor Interface
This chapter describes the menus that are specific to the One-line Electrotechnical
Diagram Editor. For a description of items common to all workshops, see the Automation
Studio™ User’s Guide.

Figure 2-1: Main One-line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor Window presents the interface
of the one-line electrotechnical diagram editor with the description of its main elements.
Some of these elements can be moved while others cannot, they are therefore called
dynamic or static.

Figure 2-1: Main One-line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor Window

Description Categories

1 Title bar Static

2 Ribbon Static

3 Customized toolbar Static

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Description Categories

4 Library explorer Dynamic

5 Project explorer Dynamic

 To access the main window of the One-line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor, you
must create a One-line Electrotechnical Diagram.

2.1 One-Line Editor Main Window

This section describes the functionalities available in ribbon that are related to the one-
line workshop.

2.1.1 "Home" Tab

Figure 2-2: "Home" Tab

The functionalities of the "Home" tab are common to the other workshops with the
exception of the "line" group which contains functions that are specific to one-line
diagrams.

"Line" Group:

This provides access to commands on electrical lines.

Figure 2-3: "Line" Group

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor Interface

Command Description

Create Electrical Create an electrical line on the diagram.

Line

Convert Electrical Convert an electrical line between direct and orthogonal.

line

Break Electrical Break an electrical line in two connected segments.

Line

Join Electrical Join two connected electrical lines in a single one.

Line

2.1.2 "Edit" Tab

Except for the “Select” command, the functionalities of the "Edit" tab are common to the
other workshops. Refer to the Automation Studio™ User’s Guide.

The “Select” command of the “Edit” group allows you to select items using functions
specific to the One-Line workshop.

Figure 2-4: “Select” command

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Command Description

All Selects all items in the active document (Components, electric

lines, CAD elements…)

Components Selects all components and electric lines in the active

and Electric document.
Lines

Components Selects all components in the active documents.

Electric Lines Only selects electric lines in the active document.

2.1.3 "View" Tab

The functionalities of the "View" tab are common to the other workshops with the
exception of the "Show" group.

"Show" Group

The "Highlight Links" and "Contact Points" functions are absent since they do not apply in
the one-line workshop.

Figure 2-5: "Show" group in the one-line workshop

2.1.4 "Simulation" Tab

The functionalities of the "Edit" tab are common to the other workshops. See the
Automation Studio™ User’s Guide.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor Interface

2.1.5 "One-Line" Tab

Figure 2-6 : "One-Line" Tab

"Diagnostic" Group

Command Description

Diagnostic Tools The diagnosis is made only on the diagrams

that are selected in the "Select Diagrams for
Diagnosis" dialogue box that popup when one
clicks on the "Diagnostic Tools" button.

 The diagnostic tool allows detecting errors in one-line diagrams. For more details
see section 3.8 Diagnostic Management.

"Tools" Group

Command Description

Regenerate ID Regenerates the identifier of all the

components on the diagram following the
naming standards defined for each kind of
component.

2.1.6 "Tools" Tab

The functionalities of the "Edit" tab are common to the other workshops, see the
Automation Studio™ User’s Guide.

2.1.7 The Automation Studio™ Menu

The Automation Studio™ menu at the top left of the window gives access to project
management functions like New, Open, Save. It also gives access to the main options of

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Automation Studio™, see the Automation Studio™ User’s Guide for more details.

2.2 Floating Windows

2.2.1 Document Properties Window

The document properties window is accessible from the "View" tab in the "Properties"
group. It gives access to the properties and history of the current document.

The properties of a one-line electrotechnical diagram are grouped in four branches :

● Standards
● Default Values
● Appearance
● Information

With the exception of the "Standard" branch which can change depending upon the
workshop, the other branches are similar for all kind of documents. For the description of
the common branches, see the Automation Studio™ User’s Guide.

Standards

Name Description

Page Setup Standard Select or change the page setup standard

defining among other things the page size and
its orientation

Map Locator Standard Select or change the map locator standard for
the current document

One-Line Standard Select or change the one-line standard defining

the component information and the appearance
of the components, lines, connectors

Reference Standard Select or change the reference standard for the

current document

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Diagram Editor Interface

Name Description

Drawing Tools Standard Select or change the drawing tools standard

affecting the CAD components

Figure 2-7 : Document Properties Window

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3 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop
Functionalities
This chapter presents the features of the one-line electrotechnical workshop. It covers the
following points:
● Component management;
● Symbol management;
● Essential Subdivision / Location management;
● Component type management;
● Naming rule management;
● Standard management;
● Identifier management;
● Diagnostics.

The One-line Electrotechnical Workshop is designed to allow the greatest flexibility

regarding the usage of standards. In contrast to standard Electrotechnical Diagrams which
can either follow the NEMA or the IEC standard, One-line Diagrams do not have rigorously
fixed standards and you can create and modify standards.

The standard of a document manages the usable component types and their naming
fashion. Thus, creating a standard requires defining component types and naming rules. It
is possible to choose the symbol of a given component from a selection of alternate
symbols proposed.

The way in which a component is affected by a standard is summarized in Figure 3-1:

Interaction between a Component and a Standard.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop
Component
Naming Rule
Types

es

D
in
ef

ef
in
D

es
Standard

Follows
Identifier

Proposed
Define Symbol
Symbols

COMPONENT

Figure 3-1: Interaction between a Component and a Standard

3.1 Component Management

One-line electrotechnical components are managed similarly to the components in other
workshops.

The “Component Properties” accessible from the "View" tab under the "Properties" group
or from the component contextual menu give you access to the properties of the
selected component. The “Data” branch in the component properties dialogue box is
made of different groups in which you can define the behavior of the component. These
groups can be shown or hidden by clicking on the plus (+) or minus (-) sign beside the
category name. The details of each property can be displayed by clicking on "Show
details" at the bottom of the window.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Figure 3-2 : Component Properties : Detail Panel

A description of the technical data and of the behavior of the component is available by
clicking on the help button.

The “Component Type” branch allows you to see and to modify the type of the
component at hand. It is this property that is used to generate the component identifier
according to the naming rule specified in the project’s active standard. For more
information on component types, see section 3.4 Component Type Management.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Figure 3-3: “Component Type” Branch of a Transformer

3.2 Symbol Management

Unlike components in other workshops, one-line components are not represented by one
unique symbol; it is possible to select a symbol from a selection of alternate symbols
proposed. Before inserting a component into a diagram, you can double-click on the
symbol in the library in order to get access to an alternate symbols list. This launch a
window showing other available symbols. From here, you can drag the desired symbol
into the diagram.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Figure 3-4: Selecting a similar symbol

If you do not wish to choose a different symbol, dragging the symbol directly from the
main library will insert the default symbol used for the component.

The default symbol can be replaced by selecting the desired symbol and clicking on the
symbol library dialogues “Replace in Main Library” button.

Figure 3-5: Changing the default symbol in the main library

3.3 Managing Essential Subdivisions and Locations

Subdivisions and locations are managed in the dialogue box found under "Project
Properties" → "Electrical System" → "Essential Subdivisions / Locations".

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Figure 3-6: Project Properties → Electrical System → Essential Subdivisions / Locations

Field Description

Essential Assigns an identification to an essential subdivision. This

Subdivision subdivision number is used to identify a common group of
components on the schematic.

Essential Allows to add a text.

Subdivision
Description

Location Number Assigns an identification to a location. This number is normally

used to identify where each circuit is physically located.

Location Allows to add a text.

Description

Allows the creation of a new pair (Subdivision, Location), by

New…
adding a new line in the dialogue box.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Field Description

Allows the suppression of an existing pair (Subdivision, Location).

Delete
This is possible only if the project has no component that belongs
to this circuit.

Allows to duplicate an essential subdivision / location pair by

Duplicate
adding a new line in the list

 Essential Subdivision and Location are shared with the standard electrotechnical
workshop. An essential subdivision created for a standard electrotechnical diagram
can also be used by a one-line diagram and vice versa.

To assign a specific pair (Essential Subdivision and Location) to a component, after you
properly configured the essential subdivisions in the "Project Properties" → "Electrical
System" → "Essential Subdivisions / Locations", there are different ways to proceed:
● When a component is inserted on a diagram, the subdivision selected under the
"Edit" tab in the "Localization" group is automatically associated to the
component;
● When a component is already on the diagram and is selected, it is possible to
modify the Essential Subdivision and Location pair by choosing the desired pair
under the "Edit" tab in the "Localization" group;

Figure 3-7: Localization group, (Essential Subdivision, Location) Assignment

3.4 Component Type Management

Each one-line electrotechnical component has a default assigned type. You can change
the component type by selecting another component from the available types list. You
can also create and edit custom component types.

All Automation Studio™ projects come with a list of default component types . It is
possible to modify these types by selecting different associated components, but it is not

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

possible to rename them or to change their equipment category.

For more details regarding the associated components and their impact on the
components identifiers, see section 3.5 Associated Component Management.

There are two locations where component types can be accessed:

● From the “Component Types” branch of "Project Properties" → "Electrical
System" → "One-Line". This dialogue box allows you to edit or create component
types;
● From the “Component Types” branch of the “Component Properties” dialogue
box. This dialogue box allows you to assign an existing component type to a
component.

3.4.1 Creating Component Types

Component types are managed in "Project Properties" → "Electrical System" → "One-

Line" → "Component Type".

Figure 3-8: Managing Component Types

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

The various sections of the “Component Types” branch are:

Area Name Description

1 Creation and
The icon creates a new component type.
deletion toolbar

The icon deletes the selected component type.

The icons and allow you to copy-paste a

selected component.

In this zone, you can enter filters. Radio buttons

“Filter” and “Mark” allow you to display respectively
only data found by the filter or mark these data.

2 Component Lists all existing component types.

Type List
The “Name” column lists the names of the existing
component types;

The “Function Description” column lists the

equipment category. This information comes from
the section “Category” (See area 3);

The “Scope” column lists the applicability of each

component type: “Project” means that the type is
user created and is applicable on the current project;
“Application” means that the type is built-in with
Automation Studio™ and is available in all projects.
Component types that have “Application” for a
scope cannot be deleted.

The "Complete Version" column displays the version

number of the component.

The "Last Modification" column gives the date of the

last update.

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Area Name Description

3 Type name and The “Name” field contains the name of the selected
category component type (The name that appears in the
“Name” column of section 2). When a new type is
created, the field is empty and you can enter the
desired name.

The “Equipment Category” section on the right

allows you to assign a property to the selected
component type: “Main”, “Related” or “N/A”.
Usually, a “Main” component is a primary
component used to operate a circuit like a source, a
transformer or a circuit breaker. A “Related”
component is usually a component that is not
primary like a measuring instrument, a signaling
device… The selected “Equipment Category” appears
in the “Function Description” column of section 2.

In the automatic component association, only

“Main” types are considered (See section 3.5
Associated Component Management.)

4 Associated Allows you to select which types of components can

component be associated to the component type being created
selection or edited. For more information on component type
association, see section 3.5 Associated Component
Management.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Area Name Description

5 Associated label Many label types could be associated to one

selection component type using the middle arrows.

Labels can be configured from the “Project

Properties” “General Standards”  “Label
Standards” (refer to Figure 3-9).

When a label type is associated to a component

type, the corresponding label will be available (to be
added or deleted) in the component context menu
(refer to Figure 3-13)

There is three label types : note (refer to Figure

3-10), text (refer to Figure 3-11) and show card
(refer to Figure 3-12).

When one label type is associated to one

component type, the corresponding label will be
available in the component context menu (right click
on the component).

6 Save changes This button becomes green when changes need to

be saved.

To create a new component type:

1. Click on the icon;

2. Enter the desired name in the “Name” field;
3. Select the “Equipment Category” by clicking on one of the radio buttons in the
“Equipment Category” section;

4. Click on the icon on the left of “Associated Component Type #1” to open the
“Available Component Type” and “Selected Component Type” lists;

5. Select the desired type from the list on the left, then click on the button to

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

move it to the right;

6. You can repeat steps 4 and 5 if you wish to associate component types as
“Associated Component Type #2”;

7. Click on the icon.

You can add more than one associated component type in the list on the right. You can
also move all components to the list on the right. For more information on how
associated components are treated, see section 3.5 Associated Component Management.

Configuring associated labels

To configure label standards, go to “Project Properties”  “General Standards”  “Label

Standards”.

Figure 3-9: “General Standards”  “Label Standards”

This window allows you to define and configure label standards that will be used in the
project.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Number/Step Description

1 Create a new label standard. Note that other buttons are

available (delete, copy, paste).

2 Give a meaningful name for the label standard.

3 The preview zone is updated according to the label type or its

properties defined in the following steps.

4 Selection of the label type (text, note or show card). If you

select “Text”, you should make sure that you configure the
same label type in the section below. In our example, we
selected “show card” and we configure it accordingly.

5 Text, line or color properties according to the label type

selected (properties vary depending on the label type selected
at step 4).

6 Save changes.

Label Types

Three label types are available:

● Text:

Figure 3-10: “Text” label type

● Note:

• Figure 3-11: “Note” label type

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

● Show Card:

• Figure 3-12: “Show Card” label type

 To add a label to a component (in edit or in simulation mode), use the component
context menu (right click). A label could be deleted using the right click on the
component or using the “Delete” of the keyboard.

Figure 3-13: Ajout ou suppression d’une étiquette pour un composant

 The label text could be edited in two ways : a) select the label and press F2 b)
select the label and make one left click.

 To sum up, in a One-Line document, a label is configured by component type as

shown on the part no. 5 of the Figure 3-8.

3.4.2 Assigning a type to a component

All components in the Automation Studio ™ main library come with a default type. You
can view and modify this type in the “Component Properties” dialogue box under the
“Component Type” branch:

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Figure 3-14: "Component Type" Branch of the "Component Properties" Dialogue Box

Area Name Description

1 Component Type List of all component types in the project that

are active in the selected standard (As seen in
section 3.4.1 Creating Component Types).

2 Equipment Category Displays the category of the component type

selected (As seen in section 3.4.1 Creating
Component Types).

3 Base Component Displays the default component type. This

Type property cannot be modified.

4 Applicable Naming Displays the name of the rule that is applied to

Rule the selected component type. For more
information on Naming Rules, see section 3.6
Naming Rule Management.

5 Associated Displays the name and type of the first

Component #1 associated component. Also displays if the
component was automatically associated or
manually associated. For more information on
component association, see section 3.5
Associated Component Management.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Area Name Description

6 Associated Displays the name and type of the second

Component #2 associated component. Also displays how the
component was associated: automatically or
manually. For more information on component
association, see section 3.5 Associated
Component Management.

 When components are assembled, the assembly automatically takes the “Generic
assembly” type. It is recommended to change that type to one more appropriate
for the assembly created.

3.5 Associated Component Management

When an identifier is displayed for a one-line electrotechnical component, it is often
convenient to include information about other components that are related to the
component whose identifier is being displayed.

Automation Studio™ offers the possibility to associate components on a diagram to a

given component. This association can either be done automatically or manually. The
association will reflect on the component’s displayable tagname. The way in which the
component displayable tagname is affected is managed by the naming rule followed by
the component type. For more information on naming rules, see section 3.6 Naming Rule
Management.

 A component can have a maximum of two associated components.

3.5.1 Manual Component Association

In order to associate components, simply follow these steps:

1. Click on one of the two components you want to associate;
2. SHIFT+Click on the second component;
3. Right-click on one of the two selected components;
4. In the context menu that opens, select the type of association you wish to have
among the four choices proposed.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Figure 3-15: Manual Component Association

Once the association is done, the component item identifiers are automatically updated
according to the naming rule followed by the component type (See section 3.6 Naming
Rule Management).

Figure 3-16: Item Identifier Automatic Update

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

 It is possible to remove the component association by right-clicking on the

component and selecting “Remove associated component definitions” from the
context menu that opens. The Item Identifier is then updated and the information
that depends on associated components is replaced by a “?”.

Figure 3-17: Resetting Component Association

3.5.2 Automatic Component Association

Automation Studio™ offers the possibility to automatically associate components. When a

component is inserted into a circuit, an algorithm scans the circuit to find the closest
connected component that complies by type and naming rules.

First the algorithm moves away from it by examining the closest connected components.
If no component is found which type corresponds to the initial component’s “Associated
Component Type #1” or “Associated Component Type #2” property (See section 3.5
Associated Component Management), the algorithm moves to components one step
further. Search is stopped when the boundary “Equipotential Zone” is reached

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

 If two or more components are found on the same level, the one that comes first
in the list of associated components is registered.

 The components that constitute the boundary of the equipotential zones are the
sources, transformers and converters.

Figure 3-18: Associated Component Search Algorithm

 Information that depends on associated components is replaced by a “?” when the

associated component is not found.

Figure 3-19: Identifiers with Missing Information

3.5.3 Identifier Regeneration

Item Identifiers are formatted according to the active Standard (See section 3.7 Standard
Management). In order to update all identifiers in the document:
1. In the “One-Line” tab, in the "Tools" Group, click on “Regenerate ID”;

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Figure 3-20: Identifier Regeneration

2. Check the checkbox in front of the one-line diagrams which component identifiers
you want to update, then click “OK”;

Figure 3-21: One-Line Diagram Selection for Identifier Regeneration

All identifiers are then regenerated and the correct information is displayed for all
components.

Figure 3-22: Regenerated Identifiers

3.6 Naming Rule Management

Naming rules manage how a component displayable tagname is formatted and what

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

information is considered in it.

All Automation Studio™ projects come with a list of default naming rules that can be
modified. Naming rules can be accessed by clicking on "Project Properties" button from
the "View" tab in the "Properties" group. In the project properties navigate to "Electrical
Systems" → "One-Line" → "Naming Rules (One-Line Standards)".

Figure 3-23: Naming Rule Configuration Dialogue box

Area Name Description

1 Creation and
The icon creates a new naming rule.
Deletion
Toolbar
The icon deletes the selected naming rule.

 A naming rule cannot be deleted if it is being

used in the active standard.

The icons and allow you to copy-paste a

selected naming rule.

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Area Name Description

2 Naming Rule Lists all existing naming rules.

List
The “Name” column lists the names of the existing
naming rules;

The “Comment” column lists the comment entered

for each naming rule (See section 3);

The "Complete Version" column gives the current

version of each naming rule;

The "Last Modified" column gives the date of the last

modification for each naming rule.

3 Rule Name and The “Name” field contains the name of the selected
Comments naming rule (The name that appears in the “Name”
column of section 2). When a new naming rule is
created, the field is empty and you can enter the
desired name.

The “Comment” section on the right allows you to

enter comments to clarify the use of the naming rule.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Area Name Description

4 Formatting Allows you to specify what information is displayed

Toolbar in the tagname of components that follow the
naming rule being edited.

The “Variable” field is a combo-box where you can

select dynamic information to display;

The “Literal” field allows you to enter a string that

appears as is in the component’s Item Identifier.

The icon adds the selected information to the

string that constitutes the displayable tagname.

The icon deletes the string selected in the

Preview Window (Section 5).

The icon inserts a carriage return.

5 Preview pane Shows a preview of the displayable tagname that will

appear for any component which type follows the
naming rule being edited.

It is possible to move the elements by dragging

them.

The following information is available in the “Variable” field in area 4:

Properties Description

Associated Component Component Code from the “Displayed Information” branch

Code #1 of Associated Component #1.

Associated Component Component Code from the “Displayed Information” branch

Code #2 of Associated Component #2.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Properties Description

Associated Component Displayable Number from the “Displayed Information”

Displayable Number #1 branch of Associated Component #1.

Associated Component Displayable Number from the “Displayed Information”

Displayable Number #2 branch of Associated Component #2.

Associated Component Document where Associated Component #1 is located

Document No. #1

Associated Component Document where Associated Component #2 is located

Document No. #2

Associated Component Item Identifier from the “Displayed Information” branch of

Identifier #1 Associated Component #1.

Associated Component Item Identifier from the “Displayed Information” branch of

Identifier #2 Associated Component #2.

Associated Component Page where Associated Component #1 is located.

Page Number #1

Associated Component Page where Associated Component #2 is located.

Page Number #2

Associated Component Rated voltage from the “Displayed Information” branch of

Voltage #1 Associated Component #1 as configured for the connector
connected to the associated component.

Associated Component Rated voltage from the “Displayed Information” branch of

Voltage #2 Associated Component #2 as configured for the connector
connected to the associated component.

Associated Component X Horizontal location of Associated Component #1 according

Location #1 to Map Locator.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Properties Description

Associated Component X Horizontal location of Associated Component #2 according

Location #2 to Map Locator.

Associated Component Y Vertical location of Associated Component #1 according to

Location #1 Map Locator.

Associated Component Y Vertical location of Associated Component #2 according to

Location #2 Map Locator.

Associated Link Document where Associated Link is located. This is only

Document No. (only for applicable for types that are used with the “Link”
link) components.

Associated Link Identifier Item Identifier in the associated link’s “Displayable

(only for link) Information” branch. This is only applicable for types that
are used with the “Link” components.

Associated Link Page Page where Associated Link is located. This is only
Number (only for link) applicable for types that are used with the “Link”
components.

Associated Link X Horizontal location of associated link according to Map

Location (only for link) Locator.

Associated Link Y Vertical location of associated link according to Map

Location (only for link) Locator.

Component Code Displayable Component Code from the component’s

“Displayed Information” branch.

Component Voltage Rated voltage from the component’s “Displayed

Information” branch.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Properties Description

Displayable Component Displayed Component Code from the component’s

Code “Displayed Information” branch.

Displayable Function Displayable Function from the component’s “Displayed

Information” branch.

Displayable Number Displayable Number from the component’s “Displayed

Information” branch.

Displayable Secondary Displayable Secondary Component Code from the

Component Code component’s “Displayed Information” branch.

Essential Subdivision Essential Subdivision from the component’s “Displayed

Information” branch.

Location Location from the component’s “Displayed Information”

branch.

Page Number Document Page Number

Secondary Component Rated Secondary Voltage from the component’s “Technical

Voltage Data” branch.

Tagname Tagname from the component’s “Displayed Information”

branch.

Tertiary Component Rated Tertiary Voltage from the component’s “Technical

Voltage Data” branch.

X Location Component X-Location on the document (According to the

document’s “Map Locator” branch)

Y-Location Component Y-Location on the document (According to the

document’s “Map Locator” branch)

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Naming rules are assigned to component types in the “Standards” branch of the “Project
Properties” (See section 3.7 Standard Management below for more details on standards.)

3.7 Standard Management

There are no complete international standards that dictate how one-line diagrams should
be drawn and documented. The Automation Studio ™ One-Line Electrotechnical workshop
allows users to create their own standards.

The standards in the One-Line Electrotechnical workshop manage which components can
be inserted in a document or a project, and the way these components are identified. To
do that, a standard interrelates Component Types with Naming Rules.

All Automation Studio™ projects have a standard by default called “Famic Technologies
Standard”. Naming rules can be accessed by clicking on "Project Properties" button from
the "View" tab in the "Properties" group. In the project properties navigate to "Electrical
Systems" → "One-Line" → "Standards" to find the standards. A standard is saved with the
project.

Figure 3-24: "Standards" Branch

© Famic Technologies Inc. 3-27

Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Area Name Description

1 Creation and
The icon creates a new standard.
Deletion Toolbar

The icon deletes the selected standard.

The icons and allow you to copy-paste a

selected standard.

2 Standard List Lists all existing standards.

• The “Name” column lists the names of the
existing standards;
• The “Is Default” column shows which standard
is used as the default standard in the project.

3 Standard Name The “Name” field contains the name of the

and Display selected standard (The name that appears in the
Properties “Name” column of section 2). When a new
standard is created, the field is empty and you can
enter the desired name.

The “Is default” checkbox on the right allows you to

select the standard being edited as the default
standard for the project.

4 Preview Displays a preview of the standard.

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Area Name Description

5 Editable Lists all available component types (see section 3.4

properties Component Type Management) in the “Component
Types” column;
• For each major component type, i.e.
Components Information, Components,
Connectors, Lines, it lists all available
properties that defines the standard and
defines the Appearance in simulation
• The “Active” column allows you to select which
component types are used in the standard
being edited. Unchecking this field for a
component type will prevent it from being
used in a document or project following this
standard. Components that have this type are
shown in gray in the library and, if present, on
the diagram;

 A new component type created is by default

unchecked in all standards.
• The “Code” column lists the default codes that
can be displayed for each component type and
allows you to modify them;

The “Component Type Naming Rule” column lists

the naming rules associated with each component
type and allows you to modify them. The combo
box in each row contains the list of all available
naming rules.

To create a new standard:

1. Click on the icon;

2. Enter the desired name for the new standard. Check the “Is default” checkbox if you

© Famic Technologies Inc. 3-29

Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

want the standard to be the default one.

3. Select which component types you want the new standard to support by checking or
unchecking the “Is Active” checkbox in the component type list;

 Component types that are inactive (unchecked in the standard’s list of component
types) cannot be used in the project.
4. In the “Code” column of the component type list, enter the desired code that will
represent the component type in the components’ displayable tagname.
5. Associate a naming rule for each active component by selecting the desired naming
rule from the corresponding combo box in the “Component Type naming Rule”
column of the component type list;

6. Click on the icon.

 It is possible to copy an existing standard by right-clicking on it and selecting

“Copy the selection” then paste it by right-clicking on it and selecting “Paste the
selection”. The CTRL+C and CTRL+V shortcuts can be used as well.

To apply the newly created standard to the document:

1. Open the document properties from the "View" tab in the "Properties" group. Then
navigate to "Document Properties" → "Standards";

Figure 3-25: Applying a Standard to a Document

2. Select the new standard in the standard combo box;

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

3. Click on the icon then “Close”.

4. The new standard is now the active standard for the document. To update all
component Item Identifiers, select “Regenerate ID” from the "Tools" Group of the
“One-Line” tab;

Figure 3-26: Diagram with Old Standard

Figure 3-27: Diagram with New Standard

3.8 Diagnostic Management

The Automation Studio™ One-Line Electrotechnical workshop offers a variety of diagnostic
tools that allow you to check for some inconsistencies in the project without having to
manually verify the drawings.

These diagnostic tools can be accessed from the “One-Line” tab by selecting “Diagnosis
Tools”

You can select the One-line documents that requires diagnosis using the “Select
Diagrams for Diagnosis” dialogue.

© Famic Technologies Inc. 3-31

Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Figure 3-28: Selecting Documents to Diagnose

Once the documents are selected, select what type of diagnosis is to be to perform.

Figure 3-29: Diagnosis Functions

Option Description

Free connectors Detects all connectors in the selected documents that are not
connected.

Uniqueness of Item Detects components that have identical Item Identifiers in the
Identifier selected documents.

Components directly Detects components that are directly connected together,

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 One-Line Electrotechnical Workshop Functionalities

Option Description
connected (without without the use of an electrical line.
electrical line)

Non Associated Links Detects non-paired links in the selected documents.

Components not Detects components that do not have an available “Part

Associated to a Number” in their “Catalogue Information”.
Catalogue Part

Missing Information to Detects components for which there is not enough

Generate Identifiers information to generate the component identifier according
to the associated naming rule.

Voltage level non Detects sources, transformers and converters whose voltage
uniform across settings do not correspond to the equipotential zone they are
equipotential zones in.

Typeless Component Detects all assemblies on the selected documents that have
Assemblies the type “Generic Assembly”.

Accessories with Detects all accessories with symbol associated to a

Symbol Associated to component.
a component

Free Accessories with Detects free accessories with symbol

Symbol

Component with Detects components which identifier is locked.

Locked Item Identifier

Components with Detects components which displayable number is locked

Locked Displayable
Number

 The user can select one or several diagnoses. The results are displayed in the

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

message window. The components with an error or warning message appear in a

specific color which indicates a fault on the diagram (see Automation Studio™
User’s Guide.)

 It is possible to simulate a project even though there are free connections; a

warning message will be displayed in the message window.

 The simulation might not work correctly if a receiver component such as a contact
is not linked to an emitter component such as a relay. A warning message will be
displayed in the message window.

 The uniqueness of displayed identifiers does not affect the simulation.

 The presence of directly connected components without an electrical line does not
affect the simulation. (Normally, components are connected by an electrical line.).

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4 Simulation
In this chapter we explore the characteristics of one-line electrotechnical project
simulation. For general information on project simulation in Automation Studio ™, see the
Automation Studio™ User’s Guide.

4.1 Simulation Characteristics of One-Line

Electrotechnical Circuits
The one-line electrotechnical simulator provides a real-time working view of a display,
where each component look is derived from its components rules and context. The
behavior of components have been simplified to have the ability to simulate a large
number of components in real-time. When the components are connected together in a
drawing, they will interact together during simulation.

 Some components do not have a simulated behavior. A “*”at the beginning of

their name indicates it. When they are inserted in a circuit, other components will
still work, but the circuit will act as if the non-simulated components were not
connected to the circuit.

 Simulated components are limited to three-phase components working with

frequencies between 50 and 60Hz. Single-phase or direct-current components and
lines are not simulated.

 The simulated components are a rough approximation of reality. Transient

responses are simplified in order to ensure a close to real-time simulation
performance.

The One-line Electrotechnical Workshop offers the following simulation functionalities:

● The user can change the characteristics of certain components during simulation;
● The user can activate or deactivate switches, circuit breakers, disconnectors and
contactors;
● These switching elements can be activated and monitored by variables and
controlled from an SFC. For more information on Sequential Function Charts, see
the Sequential Function Chart User’s Guide;
● Dynamic measuring instruments are available to measure and record electrical
values;

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

● An electrical plotter is provided to plot different electrical values;

● Component state and voltage levels are reflected on the diagram through
customizable colors. Maximum electrical values are also monitored for
components and signals can be displayed to indicate faulty components.

4.2 Operating Components

It is often convenient to change certain electrical characteristics on a device in order to
watch the impact on circuit function. Automation Studio ™ allows you to modify certain
properties by clicking on components and modifying the desired value without having to
stop the simulation.

In order to do that:
1. Click on the desired component during simulation. If there is a modifiable property, a
“Settings” dialogue box should appear;
2. Modify the value by using the slider or by entering the desired value in the text box;

3. Hit ENTER or close the “Settings” dialogue box by clicking on the icon.

 During simulation, changing the settings using the slider will automatically change
the associated value of the device in real time.

Figure 4-1: Modifying Component Settings during Simulation

Electrical contacts (Circuit breakers, disconnectors, contactors…) are binary components;

they have two discrete states: Closed and Open.

In order to toggle between the two states, a simple click on the contact will
automatically switch states.

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 Simulation

Figure 4-2: Open Circuit Breaker

Figure 4-3: Closed Circuit Breaker

Electrical contacts can also be activated through variables. Each contact has a Control
variable and a Monitoring variable. The Control variable is read by the contact to update
its state and the Monitoring variable is continuously updated by the contact to reflect its
state.

Figure 4-4: Contact Variable Assignment Branch

In order to close a contact through a linked variable, you must set the Control variable; in
order to open the contact by variable, you have to reset the Control variable.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

 When a contact is linked to a control variable, clicking on it will change its state,
but the state of the control variable will remain the same. However, the state of
the Monitoring variable will always reflect the true state of the contact.

Linking variables is done in the same way as with other Automation Studio™ workshops.
See the Automation Studio™ User’s Guide for more information on how to work with
variables.

4.3 Circuit Analysis Tools

In order to allow comprehensive circuit analysis, the Automation Studio™ One-Line
Electrotechnical Workshop offers a variety of measuring instruments that display and
record electrical values in the circuit. A plotting tool is also available to show the
evolution of the measured values through time.

4.3.1 Plotter

Values in the One-line Electrotechnical Workshop are plotted in the same plotter as the
standard electrotechnical workshop.

In order to plot a quantity, simply drag the component which property you wish to plot
into the electrotechnical plotter. If the component has more than one property that can
be plot, a dialogue box will open prompting you to select which properties to plot.

Figure 4-5: Selection of Properties to Plot

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 Simulation

Figure 4-6: Plotted Property

 Voltage and current transformers can all be plotted in the plotter.

 The One-line Electrotechnical Workshop does not support instantaneous electrical

signals; all voltages and currents are RMS. Measured powers and energy are
active, reactive and apparent.

See the Automation Studio™ User’s Guide for more information on standard plotter
options.

4.3.2 Dynamic Measuring Instruments

Dynamic measuring instruments are specialized components satellites that allow you to
obtain useful information on the variables used in a simulation. This saves you from
inserting real components into a schematic that would affect a project’s documentation.
These instruments can be inserted into a circuit schematic during simulation.

The main purpose of these dynamic measuring instruments is to display and record a
given property. It is then possible for you to plot evolution curves of variables and to
build a complete analysis report of the simulation. Unit and refreshment period can be
modified.

The following is an example of the use of dynamic measuring instruments:

© Famic Technologies Inc. 4-5

Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Figure 4-7: Using Dynamic Measuring Instruments

Here is how to insert dynamic measuring instruments:

● Within the "Simulation" tab, in the group named "Measuring", either click on the
"Component Dynamic Measuring Instrument" button or the one called "Node
Dynamic Measuring Instrument".
● By using the “Measuring Instruments” toolbar.

Figure 4-8: "Measuring" Group

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 Simulation

The buttons on the “Measuring Instruments” toolbar are the following:

Command Description

y(t) Plotter Create a new y(t) Plotter.

For more information, see the Common

Features User’s Guide.

y(x) Plotter Create a new y(x) Plotter.

For more information, see the Common

Features User’s Guide.

z(x,y) Plotter Create a new z(x,y) Plotter.

For more information, see the Common

Features User’s Guide.

Component To insert a measuring instrument directly on a

Dynamic component. This instrument measures any
Measuring property to plot of the component.
Instruments

Node Dynamic To insert a measuring instrument on a

Measuring connector. This instrument measures any
Instruments electrical property of an electric line that would
be connected to the probed connector.

The Plotters are used to see the temporal evolution of different variables in a graphic
window during simulation. Several variables of different components can be viewed
simultaneously in a single graph. It can also plot different fluid data saved with the
measuring instruments and contained in a measure document in the Project Explorer.

To insert a measuring instrument on a component:

1. Click on the icon in the "Measuring" group of the "Simulation" toolbar. The mouse

© Famic Technologies Inc. 4-7

Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

cursor takes the following shape ;

2. Click on the component for which you wish to measure a property, the symbol will
then turn grey;

Figure 4-9: Inserting a Component Measuring Instrument

3. Move the cursor to the location where you want the measuring instrument arrow tip
to be;
4. Click and, while holding mouse button, drag and drop to determine the measuring
instrument’s tag location on the diagram. The measuring instrument dialogue box
appears;

Figure 4-10: Measuring a Component's Property to Plot

5. Select the “Recorded Property” and the “Displayed Unit”, along with the “Stability”.
You can enter a comment in the “Comments” field. This comment can be displayed
on the diagram if the “Comments” checkbox is checked;

6. Click on the icon.

4-8
 Simulation

Figure 4-11: Measured Component

To insert a measuring instrument on a node:

1. Click on the icon in the “Measuring” group of the "Simulation" tab. The mouse

cursor takes the following shape ;

2. Place the mouse cursor over the node you want to probe. The cursor takes the

following shape ;
3. Click and, while holding the mouse button, drag and drop to determine the
measuring instrument’s tag location on the diagram;

Figure 4-12: Inserting a Node Dynamic Measuring Instrument

4. Select the “Recorded Property”, its “Displayed Unit” and “Stability”; select how you
want the virtual measuring instrument probes to be placed on the wires;

 The “Connections” section of the “Recorder” dialogue box is dynamic and adapts
to the recorded property.

5. Click on the icon.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

Figure 4-13: Measured One-Line Node

 The node recordable properties are:

● Active Energy;
● Reactive Energy;
● Apparent Energy;
● Real Power (Active Power);
● Reactive Power;
● Apparent Power;
● Frequency;
● Power Factor;
● Reactive Current;
● RMS Current;
● RMS Voltage.

 Dynamic measuring instruments can be inserted during simulation.

4.4 Operation and Fault Monitoring

Similarly to other Automation Studio™ workshops, the One-line Electrotechnical Workshop
allows to easily monitor circuit operation using various symbols and color signals that
show if a component is energized, active or faulty.

During simulation, all lines and components, except for circuit breakers, are displayed in
a color that reflects the voltage level across their connectors. If the voltage is below a
threshold, the component is considered de-energized and is displayed in a specific color.
If the voltage is above that threshold, the component is considered energized and is

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 Simulation

displayed in a specific color.

Figure 4-14: Voltage Level Monitoring

 The voltage threshold as well as the displayed energized and de-energized colors
can be customized in the "Project Properties" under "Electrical System" → "One-
Line" → "One-Line Standards", then click on the "Simulation" tab.

Figure 4-15: Electrical One-Line Simulation Options

 Circuit breakers are treated differently than other one-line components. They are

© Famic Technologies Inc. 4-11

Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop

shown in a color that reflects whether they are open or closed, regardless of the
voltage level across their connectors. This allows to easily monitor the state of the
circuit by knowing which circuit breakers are tripped or opened.

Figure 4-16: Circuit Breaker State Monitoring

Component rated values are constantly monitored during simulation. If a rated value is
exceeded, a flashing symbol is displayed on the component showing which connector is
faulty and which value was exceeded.

Figure 4-17: Over-Current Flashing Symbol

One-line disconnectors have a load monitoring feature. They detect if they were operated
under load. If they were operating under load, a symbol is displayed on the affected side.
The disconnector remains usable but the fault symbol remains until the simulation ends.

Figure 4-18: Disconnector Faulty Operation

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 Simulation

 Fault monitoring can be activated or deactivated in the project properties, in the

simulation section.

Figure 4-19: Activating Faulty Component Monitoring

© Famic Technologies Inc. 4-13

A Glossary
Component

Basic elements used for creating diagrams. Each component represents a behavior or a
function during simulation. Components are part of the library and are provided by the
workshops.

Connection

A connection binds two components and/or links them together. Connections are the
same color as the element to which they are connected, and they differ if they are not
connected. Two connections from non-compatible technologies cannot be connected
together. For example, a pneumatic line cannot be connected to an Electrotechnical
component and vice-versa.

Connection Line Shape

It is a line shape identifying the connection path between two points.

Connection Number

It is a number that designates each point where components are connected.

Connection port

Component terminal that permits the connection of a wire. Normally there will be one to
two wires connected to a component terminal.

Connector

An element represented by a red circle when it is not linked. It allows the connection of
two components. A connector becomes a connection as soon as it is connected to
another element.

Diagram

A graphic representation of a circuit or a model by means of elements and components

drawn from the Automation Studio™ workshop libraries.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop
Diagram Editor

The tool used to create, modify and manage project files. The project editor includes the
document manager that enumerates all the documents in the project.

Edit Mode

Operational mode in which the components are inserted and changed.

Emitter

Component that transmits its state or its value to other receiver components that are
associated with it.

Equipotential Zone

Group of connected components that function at the same voltage level. An Equipotential
Zone is bounded by voltage sources, energy converters and transformers.

Library

Window containing the basic elements used for designing circuits or simulation models.
There are three types of elements: components, links and graphic objects. They are
included in the workshops.

Link

A link connects components. During simulation, it is used to transfer information from

one component to the other.

Project

A group of documents forming a cohesive whole. A Project is managed by the Diagram

Editor.

Project Explorer

The contents of one of the project editor's windows. The document manager lists all of
the documents in the project.

A-2
 Glossary
Properties

Characteristics or parameters of a component. You can change or view the properties by

opening the component properties dialogue box.

Receiver

Component that receives its state or its value from an emitter component with which it is
associated. It takes its tag name from the emitter component with which it is associated.

Simulation Cycle

One step in the calculation that determines the state of each component.

Simulation Mode

Mode of operation in Automation Studio™ during which a project or a diagram is

simulated. Unlike the Edit mode, the Simulation mode, when active, does not allow any
changes to the project.

Title Bar

A horizontal bar located above the window which contains the title.

Toolbar

A bar located under the menu bar. It contains buttons for the most frequently used
commands.

User Interface

Environment made of windows, dialogue boxes, menus, commands, mouse and keys
etc… which enable user to communicate with the computer.

Utility

A general designation for different tools, workshops and other functions that operate in
different windows in Automation Studio™.

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Automation Studio™ – One-line Electrotechnical Workshop
Worksheet

Entire surface available in Automation Studio™ for diagram creation.

Workshop

A module that plugs into the Core System. Each workshop contains elements, diagrams
and functions relating to its own technological specialty and to the type of diagrams it
can generate.

Workspace

The part of the window that displays the information you are working on, such as graphs,
tables, and the item list of the application.

A-4
B Index
* Name Prefix ...................................... 4-1 Naming Rule Management .............. 3-22

Associated Component Management One-Line Editor Elements

Automatic Association .................. 3-19 Edit Tab ............................................ 2-3
Manual Association ....................... 3-17 Home Tab ........................................ 2-2
One-Line Tab ................................... 2-5
Component Management ................... 3-2
Simulation Tab................................. 2-4
Assigning Component Types ........ 3-15
Tools Tab .......................................... 2-5
Creating Component Types ............. 3-8
View Tab .......................................... 2-4
Component Operation......................... 4-2
Plotter .................................................. 4-4
Diagnosis ........................................... 3-32
Select
Diagnostic Tools ................................ 2-5 Components .................................... 2-4
Dynamic Measuring Instruments ....... 4-5 Simulation ........................................... 4-1
Editor Standard Management ..................... 3-28
Automation Studio™ Menu ............. 2-5
Standards ............................................ 1-1
Main Window .................................. 2-2
Label Standards ............................. 3-13
Identifier Regeneration ............ 2-5, 3-20
Subdivisions and locations ................. 3-5
Monitoring
Symbol Management ......................... 3-4
Circuit Monitoring .......................... 4-10
Fault Monitoring ............................ 4-10

© Famic Technologies Inc. B-1