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함축된 의미추론
① Those who apologize to others do not succeed.
1. 밑줄 친 start from recognising that your situation is a gift ② You should not have an attitude of apologizing to others.
③ Show yourself to others as you really are.
from life가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? (20번)1)
④ A person who apologizes stops growing.
The more people have to do unwanted things the ⑤ Apology and success are inversely proportional.
more chances are that they create unpleasant
environment for themselves and others. If you hate
the thing you do but have to do it nonetheless, you
3. 밑줄 친 It is lazy and dangerous for the ecologist to assume

have choice between hating the thing and accepting that all other organisms sense the environment in the way we do
that it needs to be done. Either way you will do it. 가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? (34번)3)
Doing it from place of hatred will develop hatred
It seems natural to describe certain environmental
towards the self and others around you; doing it
conditions as ‘extreme’, ‘harsh’, ‘benign’ or
from the place of acceptance will create compassion
‘stressful’. It may seem obvious when conditions are
towards the self and allow for opportunities to find a
‘extreme’: the midday heat of a desert, the cold of
more suitable way of accomplishing the task. If you
an Antarctic winter, the salinity of the Great Salt
decide to accept the fact that your task has to be
Lake. But this only means that these conditions are
done, start from recognising that your situation is a
extreme for us, given our particular physiological
gift from life; this will help you to see it as a lesson
characteristics and tolerances. To a cactus there is
in acceptance.
nothing extreme about the desert conditions in which
cacti have evolved; nor are the icy lands of
① Life gives us many gifts. Antarctica an extreme environment for penguins. It is
② Don't just think about receiving gifts, think about lazy and dangerous for the ecologist to assume that
giving them. all other organisms sense the environment in the
③ An attitude of gratitude will help you work better. way we do. Rather, the ecologist should try to gain a
④ You only live once. worm’s‑eye or plant’s-eye view of the environment:
⑤ Having an attitude of gratitude will do your job right. to see the world as others see it. Emotive words like
harsh and benign, even relativities such as hot and
cold, should be used by ecologists only with care.

2. 밑줄 친 When you start apologizing for who you are,

① The way ecologists feel is different from the way we do.
you stop growing and you stop winning이 다음 글에서 의미
② Ecologists are much more sensitive.
하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? (24번)2)
③ Ecologists can become lazy due to overwork.
Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that ④ Ecologists must do their work without emotion.
others are watching. It’s a lot easier to move under ⑤ Ecologists must evaluate ecosystems from the perspective of
the radar when no one knows you and no one is their members.
paying attention. You can mess up and be rough and
get dirty because no one even knows you’re there.
But as soon as you start to win, and others start to
notice, you’re suddenly aware that you’re being
observed. You’re being judged. You worry that others
will discover your flaws and weaknesses, and you
start hiding your true personality, so you can be a
good role model and good citizen and a leader that
others can respect. There is nothing wrong with that.
But if you do it at the expense of being who you
really are, making decisions that please others
instead of pleasing yourself, you’re not going to be
in that position very long. When you start apologizing
for who you are, you stop growing and you stop
winning. Permanently.
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4. 밑줄 친 not as relevant in nature가 다음 글에서 의미하 주제 파악

는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? (40번)4) 5. 다음 글의 주제(요지)로 가장 적절한 것은? (20번)5)

The more people have to do unwanted things the

A young child may be puzzled when asked to more chances are that they create unpleasant
distinguish between the directions of right and left. environment for themselves and others. If you hate
But that same child may have no difficulty in the thing you do but have to do it nonetheless, you
determining the directions of up and down or back have choice between hating the thing and accepting
and front. Scientists propose that this occurs that it needs to be done. Either way you will do it.
because, although we experience three dimensions, Doing it from place of hatred will develop hatred
only two had a strong influence on our evolution: the towards the self and others around you; doing it
vertical dimension as defined by gravity and, in from the place of acceptance will create compassion
mobile species, the front/back dimension as defined towards the self and allow for opportunities to find a
by the positioning of sensory and feeding more suitable way of accomplishing the task. If you
mechanisms. These influence our perception of decide to accept the fact that your task has to be
vertical versus horizontal, far versus close, and the done, start from recognising that your situation is a
search for dangers from above (such as an eagle) or gift from life; this will help you to see it as a lesson
below (such as a snake). However, the left-right axis in acceptance.
is not as relevant in nature. A bear is equally
dangerous from its left or the right side, but not if it
① Share Your Experiences with Other People
is upside down. In fact, when observing a scene
② Be Acceptable When Doing Things You Don't Want
containing plants, animals, and man‑made objects
③ Have a Positive Attitude for Tasks You Love
such as cars or street signs, we can only tell when
④ Learn Something New from Everything
left and right have been inverted if we observe those
⑤ Touch Others with Kind Words
artificial items.

6. 다음 글의 주제(요지)로 가장 적절한 것은? (21번)6)

① The left-right axis is a human construct and has no
Everyone’s heard the expression don't let the perfect
bearing on natural phenomena.
become the enemy of the good. If you want to get
② The left-right axis is more important than the up-down and
over an obstacle so that your idea can become the
front-back axes in determining direction.
solution‑based policy you’ve long dreamed of, you
③ Animals are not able to perceive the left-right axis.
can’t have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. You have to
④ The left-right axis is not as important for survival as
be willing to alter your idea and let others influence
the up-down and front-back axes.
its outcome. You have to be okay with the outcome
⑤ The left-right axis has no impact on human
being a little different, even a little less, than you
perception or spatial awareness.
wanted. Say you’re pushing for a clean water act.
Even if what emerges isn’t as well‑funded as you
wished, or doesn’t match how you originally
conceived the bill, you’ll have still succeeded in
ensuring that kids in troubled areas have access to
clean water. That’s what counts, that they will be
safer because of your idea and your effort. Is it
perfect? No. Is there more work to be done?
Absolutely. But in almost every case, helping move
the needle forward is vastly better than not helping
at all.

① Can We Have Success Both at Work and at Home?

② Let Go of Perfection and Accept Partial Success
③ Why Is Complete Success More Precious than Partial Success
④ How to Cope with Financial Difficulties
⑤ Benefits of Deleting Your Online History
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7. 다음 글의 주제(요지)로 가장 적절한 것은? (22번)7) 9. 다음 글의 주제(요지)로 가장 적절한 것은? (24번)9)

Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their

Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that
relevance. Think about the person you knew who
others are watching. It’s a lot easier to move under
was once on the fast track at your company, who is
the radar when no one knows you and no one is
either no longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears
paying attention. You can mess up and be rough and
to have hit a plateau in his or her career. Assuming
get dirty because no one even knows you’re there.
he or she did not make an ambitious move, more
often than not, this individual is a victim of having But as soon as you start to win, and others start to

failed to stay relevant and embrace the advances in notice, you’re suddenly aware that you’re being
his or her industry. Think about the impact personal observed. You’re being judged. You worry that others
computing technology had on the first wave of will discover your flaws and weaknesses, and you
executive leadership exposed to the technology. start hiding your true personality, so you can be a
Those who embraced the technology were able to good role model and good citizen and a leader that
integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those others can respect. There is nothing wrong with that.
who were resistant many times found few But if you do it at the expense of being who you
opportunities to advance their careers and in many really are, making decisions that please others
cases were ultimately let go through early retirement instead of pleasing yourself, you’re not going to be
for failure to stay relevant and update their skills. in that position very long. When you start apologizing
for who you are, you stop growing and you stop
winning. Permanently.
① Accept Change and Adapt
② Don’t Compare Yourself with Others
③ You Create Your Own Opportunities ① Successful Management Relies on Power Distribution
④ Hardship Is the Springboard to Great Achievement ② People Connections: The Road to Success at Work
⑤ Success Doesn’t Come Without Failure ③ The Secret to Sustained Success: Not Conscious of Others
④ What Makes You a Confident Person?

8. 다음 글의 주제(요지)로 가장 적절한 것은? (23번)8)

⑤ Being Conscious of Others Sometimes Leads to Success

What consequences of eating too many grapes and

other sweet fruit could there possibly be for our
brains? A few large studies have helped to shed
some light. In one, higher fruit intake in older,
cognitively healthy adults was linked with less volume
in the hippocampus. This finding was unusual, since
people who eat more fruit usually display the
benefits associated with a healthy diet. In this study,
however, the researchers isolated various components
of the subjects’ diets and found that fruit didn’t
seem to be doing their memory centers any favors.
Another study from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar
inverse relationship between fruit intake and volume
of the cortex, the large outer layer of the brain.
Researchers in the latter study noted that excessive
consumption of high-sugar fruit (such as mangoes,
bananas, and pineapples) may cause metabolic and
cognitive problems as much as processed carbs do.

① Hunger Isn’t the Best Fruit

② Difficulty of Keeping Away from Diabetes
③ Advantages of Consumption of Fruit
④ Growing popularity of food decoration
⑤ Side Effects of Excessive Consumption of Fruit
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10. 다음 글의 주제(요지)로 가장 적절한 것은? (41-42번)10) 문단 요약

Creative people aren’t all cut from the same cloth.

They have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity.
11. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸

They have different approaches to work. And they’re (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? (24번)11)
each motivated by different things. Managing people
Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that
is about being aware of their unique personalities.
others are watching. It’s a lot easier to move under
It’s also about empathy and adaptability, and
the radar when no one knows you and no one is
knowing how the things you do and say will be
paying attention. You can mess up and be rough and
interpreted and adapting accordingly. Who you are
get dirty because no one even knows you’re there.
and what you say may not be the same from one
But as soon as you start to win, and others start to
person to the next. For instance, if you’re asking
notice, you’re suddenly aware that you’re being
someone to work a second weekend in a row, or
observed. You’re being judged. You worry that others
telling them they aren’t getting that deserved
will discover your flaws and weaknesses, and you
promotion just yet, you need to bear in mind the
start hiding your true personality, so you can be a
individual. Vincent will have a very different reaction
good role model and good citizen and a leader that
to the news than Emily, and they will each be more
others can respect. There is nothing wrong with that.
receptive to the news if it’s bundled with different
But if you do it at the expense of being who you
things. Perhaps that promotion news will land easier
really are, making decisions that please others
if Vincent is given a few extra vacation days for the
instead of pleasing yourself, you’re not going to be
holidays, while you can promise Emily a bigger
in that position very long. When you start apologizing
promotion a year from now. Consider each person’s
for who you are, you stop growing and you stop
complex positive and negative personality traits, their
winning. Permanently.
life circumstances, and their mindset in the moment
when deciding what to say and how to say it. ò
Personal connection, compassion, and an
individualized management style are key to drawing We can achieve ___(A)___ success only when we are

consistent, rock star-level work out of everyone. ___(B)___ others.

① Why Should Workers Follow the Rules? (A) (B)

② Understanding People to Bring Out Their Best ① partial …… not conscious of
③ Changes in the Perception of Work Over Time ② lasting …… conscious of
④ Efforts to Raise Awareness about Workers’ Rights
③ small …… not conscious of
⑤ Never Complain about Your Company’s Policy
④ lasting …… not conscious of
⑤ partial …… conscious of
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13. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸

(A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? (30번)13)

12. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸
Robert Blattberg and Steven Hoch noted that, in a
(A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? (29번)12)
changing environment, it is not clear that consistency
Human beings like certainty. This liking stems from is always a virtue and that one of the advantages of
our ancient ancestors who needed to survive human judgment is the ability to detect change.
alongside saber-toothed tigers and poisonous berries. Thus, in changing environments, it might be
Our brains evolved to help us attend to threats, keep advantageous to combine human judgment and
away from them, and remain alive afterward. In fact, statistical models. Blattberg and Hoch examined this
we learned that the more certain we were about possibility by having supermarket managers forecast
something, the better chance we had of making the demand for certain products and then creating a
right choice. Is this berry the same shape as last composite forecast by averaging these judgments
time? The same size? If I know for certain it is, my with the forecasts of statistical models based on past
brain will direct me to eat it because I know it’s data. The logic was that statistical models assume
safe. And if I’m uncertain, my brain will send out a stable conditions and therefore cannot account for
danger alert to protect me. The dependence on the effects on demand of novel events such as
certainty all those millennia ago ensured our survival actions taken by competitors or the introduction of
to the present day, and the danger-alert system new products. Humans, however, can incorporate
continues to protect us. This is achieved by our these novel factors in their judgments. The composite
brains labeling new, vague, or unpredictable everyday ─ or average of human judgments and statistical
events and experiences as uncertain. Our brains then models ─ proved to be more accurate than either
generate sensations, thoughts, and action plans to the statistical models or the managers working alone.
keep us safe from the uncertain element, and we
ò
live to see another day.
In a ___(A)___ environment, combining human
ò
judgment and statistical models can be ___(B)___.
Humans love ___(A)___, and this guaranteed their
___(B)___.
(A) (B)
① changing …… advantageous
(A) (B) ② stagnant …… dangerous
① berries …… survival ③ stagnant …… advantageous
② certainty …… system ④ changing …… dangerous
③ uncertainty …… survival ⑤ foreign …… advantageous
④ certainty …… survival
⑤ uncertainty …… system
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14. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 15. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸

(A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? (32번)14) (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? (33번)15)

Many early dot-com investors focused almost entirely Scholars of myth have long argued that myth gives
on revenue growth instead of net income. Many structure and meaning to human life; that meaning is
early dot-com companies earned most of their amplified when a myth evolves into a world. A virtual
revenue from selling advertising space on their Web world’s ability to fulfill needs grows when lots and
sites. To boost reported revenue, some sites began lots of people believe in the world. Conversely, a
exchanging ad space. Company A would put an ad virtual world cannot be long sustained by a mere
for its Web site on company B’s Web site, and handful of adherents. Consider the difference
company B would put an ad for its Web site on between a global sport and a game I invent with my
company A’s Web site. No money ever changed nine friends and play regularly. My game might be a
hands, but each company recorded revenue (for the great game, one that is completely immersive, one
value of the space that it gave up on its site) and that consumes all of my group’s time and attention.
expense (for the value of its ad that it placed on the If its reach is limited to the ten of us, though, then
other company’s site). This practice did little to boost it’s ultimately just a weird hobby, and it has limited
net income and resulted in no additional cash inflow social function. For a virtual world to provide lasting,
‒ but it did boost reported revenue. This practice wide-ranging value, its participants must be a large
was quickly put to an end because accountants felt enough group to be considered a society. When that
that it did not meet the criteria of the revenue threshold is reached, psychological value can turn
recognition principle. into wide-ranging social value.

ò ò

Many early dot-com companies increased ___(A)___ For a virtual world to be ___(A)___, the number of
by exchanging their ___(B)___. participants must be ___(B)___.

(A) (B) (A) (B)

① revenue …… ads ① present …… moderate
② net profits …… revenues ② present …… large
③ net profits …… ads ③ large …… large
④ revenue …… revenues ④ meaningful …… small
⑤ their popularity …… ads ⑤ meaningful …… large
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빈칸 추론 18. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (22번)18)

Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their

16. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (20번)16) relevance. Think about the person you knew who
was once on the fast track at your company, who is
The more people have to do unwanted things the
either no longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears
more chances are that they ____________________ for
to ________________. Assuming he or she did not make
themselves and others. If you hate the thing you do
an ambitious move, more often than not, this
but have to do it nonetheless, you have choice
individual is a victim of having failed to stay relevant
between hating the thing and accepting that it needs
and embrace the advances in his or her industry.
to be done. Either way you will do it. Doing it from
place of hatred will develop hatred towards the self Think about the impact personal computing

and others around you; doing it from the place of technology had on the first wave of executive

acceptance will create compassion towards the self leadership exposed to the technology. Those who
and allow for opportunities to find a more suitable embraced the technology were able to integrate it
way of accomplishing the task. If you decide to into their work styles and excel. Those who were
accept the fact that your task has to be done, start resistant many times found few opportunities to
from recognising that your situation is a gift from advance their careers and in many cases were
life; this will help you to see it as a lesson in ultimately let go through early retirement for failure
acceptance. to stay relevant and update their skills.

① push themselves to their limits ① create a company of their own

② become more capable ② love their lives
③ get beneficial ③ have gone down the abyss
④ create unpleasant environment ④ have loved his or her career
⑤ grow helpless ⑤ have hit a plateau in his or her career

17. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (21번)17) 19. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (23번)19)

Everyone’s heard the expression don't let the perfect What consequences of eating too many grapes and
become the enemy of the good. If you want to get other sweet fruit could there possibly be for our
over an obstacle so that your idea can become the brains? A few large studies have helped to
solution‑based policy you’ve long dreamed of, you _______________. In one, higher fruit intake in older,
__________________. You have to be willing to alter your cognitively healthy adults was linked with less volume
idea and let others influence its outcome. You have in the hippocampus. This finding was unusual, since
to be okay with the outcome being a little different, people who eat more fruit usually display the
even a little less, than you wanted. Say you’re benefits associated with a healthy diet. In this study,
pushing for a clean water act. Even if what emerges however, the researchers isolated various components
isn’t as well‑funded as you wished, or doesn’t match of the subjects’ diets and found that fruit didn’t
how you originally conceived the bill, you’ll have still seem to be doing their memory centers any favors.
succeeded in ensuring that kids in troubled areas Another study from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar
have access to clean water. That’s what counts, that inverse relationship between fruit intake and volume
they will be safer because of your idea and your of the cortex, the large outer layer of the brain.
effort. Is it perfect? No. Is there more work to be Researchers in the latter study noted that excessive
done? Absolutely. But in almost every case, helping consumption of high-sugar fruit (such as mangoes,
move the needle forward is vastly better than not bananas, and pineapples) may cause metabolic and
helping at all. cognitive problems as much as processed carbs do.

① shouldn't base your policy only solutions ① turned off the light
② should have an all‑or‑nothing attitude ② shed some light
③ can’t have an all‑or‑nothing mentality ③ produce more fruit
④ should seek help from others ④ isolate the concept from other ideas
⑤ should try to be perfect ⑤ blocked the information
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20. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (24번)20) 22. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (30번)22)

Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that Robert Blattberg and Steven Hoch noted that, in a
others are watching. It’s a lot easier to move under changing environment, it is not clear that consistency
the radar when no one knows you and no one is is always a virtue and that one of the advantages of
paying attention. You can mess up and be rough and human judgment is the ability to detect change.
get dirty because no one even knows you’re there.
Thus, in changing environments, it might be
But as soon as you start to win, and others start to
advantageous to ________________. Blattberg and Hoch
notice, you’re suddenly aware that you’re being
examined this possibility by having supermarket
observed. You’re being judged. You worry that others
managers forecast demand for certain products and
will discover your flaws and weaknesses, and you
start hiding your true personality, so you can be a then creating a composite forecast by averaging
good role model and good citizen and a leader that these judgments with the forecasts of statistical
others can respect. There is nothing wrong with that. models based on past data. The logic was that
But if you do it at the expense of being who you statistical models assume stable conditions and
really are, making decisions that please others therefore cannot account for the effects on demand
instead of pleasing yourself, you’re not going to be of novel events such as actions taken by competitors
in that position very long. When you start or the introduction of new products. Humans,
___________________, you stop growing and you stop however, can incorporate these novel factors in their
winning. Permanently. judgments. The composite ─ or average of human
judgments and statistical models ─ proved to be
① avoiding failure more accurate than either the statistical models or
② thinking of yourself the managers working alone.
③ explaining to others who you are
④ making efforts ① make quick movements
⑤ apologizing for who you are ② make wise decisions
③ use more accurate models

21. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (29번)21) ④ combine human judgment and statistical models
⑤ seek the help of professionals
___________________. This liking stems from our ancient
ancestors who needed to survive alongside
saber-toothed tigers and poisonous berries. Our 23. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (31번)23)
brains evolved to help us attend to threats, keep
Free play is nature’s means of teaching children that
away from them, and remain alive afterward. In fact,
they are not helpless. In play, away from adults,
we learned that the more certain we were about
something, the better chance we had of making the children really do have control and can practice
right choice. Is this berry the same shape as last asserting it. In free play, children learn to make their
time? The same size? If I know for certain it is, my own decisions, solve their own problems, create and
brain will direct me to eat it because I know it’s follow rules, and get along with others as equals
safe. And if I’m uncertain, my brain will send out a rather than as obedient or rebellious subordinates. In
danger alert to protect me. The dependence on active outdoor play, children deliberately dose
certainty all those millennia ago ensured our survival themselves with moderate amounts of fear and they
to the present day, and the danger-alert system thereby learn how to control not only their bodies,
continues to protect us. This is achieved by our but also their fear. In social play children learn how
brains labeling new, vague, or unpredictable everyday to negotiate with others, how to please others, and
events and experiences as uncertain. Our brains then how to manage and overcome the anger that can
generate sensations, thoughts, and action plans to arise from conflicts. None of these lessons can be
keep us safe from the uncertain element, and we taught through ____________; they can be learned only
live to see another day. through experience, which free play provides.

① We cannot beat tigers ① restricted play

② Animals like uncertainty ② language
③ Human beings love certainty ③ relationships
④ Human beings love uncertainty ④ thinking
⑤ Animals love to fight ⑤ life
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어법 적절성 파악 26. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

24. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은? (22번)26)

가장 적절한 것은? (19번)24) Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their
relevance. Think about the person you knew who
On opening day, Isabel (A) arrives / arrives from the
was once on the fast track at your company, who is
cafe very early with nervous anticipation. She looks around
either no longer with the firm or, worse yet, (A) is
the cafe, but she can’t shake off the feeling that
appeared / appears to have hit a plateau in his or her
something is missing. As she sets out cups, spoons, and
career. (B) Assuming / Assumed he or she did not make
plates, Isabel’s doubts grow. She looks around, (B) tried /
an ambitious move, more often than not, this individual is
trying to imagine what else she could do to make the cafe
a victim of having failed to stay relevant and embrace the
perfect, but nothing comes to mind. Then, in a sudden
advances in his or her industry. Think about the impact
burst of inspiration, Isabel grabs her paintbrush and
personal computing technology had on the first wave of
transforms the blank walls into landscapes, (C) added /
executive leadership (C) exposed / exposing to the
adding flowers and trees. As she paints, her doubts begin
technology. Those who embraced the technology were able
to fade. Looking at her handiwork, which is beautifully
to integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those who
done, she is certain that the cafe will be a success. ‘Now,
were resistant many times found few opportunities to
success is not exactly guaranteed,’ she thinks to herself,
advance their careers and in many cases were ultimately
‘but I’ll definitely get there.’
let go through early retirement for failure to stay relevant
and update their skills.
(A) (B) (C)
① arrives from …… tried …… adding (A) (B) (C)
② arrives …… tried …… added ① is appeared …… Assumed …… exposing
③ arrives from …… tried …… added ② appears …… Assuming …… exposed
④ arrives from …… trying …… adding ③ appears …… Assumed …… exposing
⑤ arrives …… trying …… adding ④ is appeared …… Assuming …… exposing
⑤ is appeared …… Assuming …… exposed
25. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로
가장 적절한 것은? (20번)25) 27. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

(A) The more / As people have to do unwanted things 가장 적절한 것은? (23번)27)
the more chances are that they create unpleasant
What consequences of eating too many grapes and
environment for (B) themselves / them and others. If you
other sweet fruit could there possibly be for our
hate the thing you do but have to do it nonetheless, you brains? (A) Few / A few large studies have helped to
have choice between hating the thing and accepting that it
shed some light. In one, higher fruit intake in older,
needs to be done. Either way you will do it. Doing it from
cognitively healthy adults (B) were / was linked with less
place of hatred will develop hatred towards the self and
volume in the hippocampus. This finding was unusual,
others around you; doing it from the place of acceptance
since people who eat more fruit usually display the
will create compassion towards the self and allow for
benefits (C) associated / associating with a healthy diet. In
opportunities to find a more suitable way of accomplishing
this study, however, the researchers isolated various
the task. If you decide to accept the fact (C) that / which
components of the subjects’ diets and found that fruit
your task has to be done, start from recognising that your
didn’t seem to be doing their memory centers any favors.
situation is a gift from life; this will help you to see it as a
Another study from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar inverse
lesson in acceptance.
relationship between fruit intake and volume of the cortex,
the large outer layer of the brain. Researchers in the latter
(A) (B) (C)
study noted that excessive consumption of high-sugar
① The more …… them …… that
fruit(such as mangoes, bananas, and pineapples) may
② As …… them …… which
cause metabolic and cognitive problems as much as
③ The more …… themselves …… that processed carbs do.
④ The more …… themselves …… which
⑤ As …… themselves …… which
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(A) (B) (C) 29. 다음 지문을 읽고 어법상 틀린 것을 고르시오. (29번)29)

① A few …… were …… associated
② Few …… were …… associating Human beings like certainty. This liking ① stems
from our ancient ancestors who needed to survive
③ A few …… were …… associating
alongside ② saber-toothed tigers and poisonous
④ A few …… was …… associated
berries. Our brains evolved to help us ③ attend
⑤ Few …… was …… associated threats, keep away from them, and remain alive
afterward. In fact, we learned that the more certain

28. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

we were about something, the better chance we had
④ of making the right choice. Is this berry the same
가장 적절한 것은? (26번)28) shape as last time? The same size? If I know for
certain it is, my brain will direct me to eat it
British photographer Julia Margaret Cameron is
because I know it’s safe. And if I’m uncertain, my
considered one of the greatest portrait photographers
brain will send out a danger alert to protect me. The
of the 19th century. Born in Calcutta, India, into a
dependence on certainty all those millennia ago
British family, Cameron was educated in France. (A)
ensured our survival to the present day, and the
Given / Giving a camera as a gift by her daughter in
danger-alert system continues to protect us. This is
December 1863, she quickly and energetically devoted (B)
achieved by our brains labeling new, vague, or
herself / her to the art of photography. She cleared out a
unpredictable everyday events and experiences as
chicken coop and converted it into studio space where she
uncertain. Our brains then generate sensations,
began to work as a photographer. Cameron made
thoughts, and action plans to keep us ⑤ safe from
illustrative studio photographs, (C) convinced / convincing
the uncertain element, and we live to see another
friends and family members to pose for photographs,
day.
fitting them in theatrical costumes and carefully composing
them into scenes. Criticized for her so- called bad
technique by art critics in her own time, she ignored
30. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

convention and experimented with composition and focus. 가장 적절한 것은? (31번)30)
Later critics appreciated her valuing of spiritual depth over Free play is nature’s means of teaching children that
technical perfection and now consider her portraits to be
they are not helpless. In play, away from adults,
among the finest expressions of the artistic possibilities of
children really do have control and can practice (A)
the medium.
asserting / to assert it. In free play, children learn to make
(A) (B) (C) their own decisions, solve their own problems, create and

① Given …… her …… convincing follow rules, and get along with others as equals rather
than as obedient or rebellious subordinates. In active
② Giving …… her …… convinced
outdoor play, children deliberately dose (B) themselves /
③ Given …… herself …… convincing
them with moderate amounts of fear and they thereby
④ Given …… herself …… convinced
learn how to control not only their bodies, but also their
⑤ Giving …… herself …… convinced
fear. In social play children learn how to negotiate with
others, how to please others, and how to manage and
overcome the anger that can arise from conflicts. None of
these lessons can (C) teach / be taught through verbal
means; they can be learned only through experience, which
free play provides.

(A) (B) (C)

① asserting …… them …… be taught
② to assert …… them …… teach
③ asserting …… them …… teach
④ asserting …… themselves …… be taught
⑤ to assert …… themselves …… be taught
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31. 다음 지문을 읽고 어법상 틀린 것을 고르시오. (32번)31) 32. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

가장 적절한 것은? (40번)32)

Many early dot-com investors ① focused almost
entirely on revenue growth instead of net income. A young child may be puzzled when (A) asking /
Many early dot-com companies earned most of their
asked to distinguish between the directions of right and
revenue from selling advertising space on their Web
left. But that same child may have no difficulty in
sites. To boost ② reported revenue, some sites
determining the directions of up and down or back and
began exchanging ad space. Company A would put
front. Scientists propose that this (B) is occurred / occurs
an ad for its Web site on company B’s Web site,
because, although we experience three dimensions, only
and company B would put an ad for its Web site on
two had a strong influence on our evolution: the vertical
company A’s Web site. ③ No money ever changed
dimension as defined by gravity and, in mobile species, the
hands, but each company recorded revenue (for the
front / back dimension as defined by the positioning of
value of the space that it gave up on its site) and
sensory and feeding mechanisms. These influence our
expense (for the value of its ad that it placed on the
perception of vertical versus horizontal, far versus close,
other company’s site). This practice did ④ a little to
and the search for dangers from above( such as an eagle)
boost net income and resulted in no additional cash
or below(such as a snake). However, the left-right axis is
inflow ‒ but it did boost reported revenue. This
not as relevant in nature. A bear is equally dangerous
practice was quickly put to an end because
from its left or the right side, but not if it is upside down.
accountants felt ⑤ that it did not meet the criteria
In fact, when (C) observed / observing a scene containing
of the revenue recognition principle.
plants, animals, and man‑ made objects such as cars or
street signs, we can only tell when left and right have
been inverted if we observe those artificial items.
(A) (B) (C)
(A) (B) (C)
① that …… who …… increasing
① asking …… is occurred …… observing
② what …… who …… increase
② asked …… is occurred …… observed
③ that …… whose …… increasing
③ asking …… occurs …… observed
④ that …… whose …… increase
④ asked …… is occurred …… observing
⑤ what …… whose …… increase
⑤ asked …… occurs …… observing
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33. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 34. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

가장 적절한 것은? (41-42번)33) 가장 적절한 것은? (19번)34)

Creative people aren’t all cut from the same cloth. On opening day, Isabel arrives at the cafe very early
They have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity. with nervous anticipation. She looks around the cafe,
They have different approaches to work. And they’re but she can’t shake off the feeling that something is
each motivated by different things. Managing people missing. As she sets out cups, spoons, and plates,
(A) is / are about being aware of their unique Isabel’s doubts grow. She looks around, trying to
personalities. It’s also about empathy and adaptability, and imagine what else she could do to make the cafe
knowing how the things you do and say will (B) be perfect, but nothing comes to mind. Then, in a
interpreted / interpret and adapting accordingly. Who you sudden burst of inspiration, Isabel grabs her
are and what you say may not be the same from one paintbrush and transforms the blank walls into
person to the next. For instance, if you’re asking someone landscapes, adding flowers and trees. As she paints,
to work a second weekend in a row, or telling them they her doubts begin to fade. (A) Looked / Looking at her
aren’t getting that deserved promotion just yet, you need handiwork, (B) which / that is beautifully done, she is
to bear in mind the individual. Vincent will have a very certain that the cafe will be a success. ‘Now, success is
different reaction to the news than Emily, and they will not exactly guaranteed,’ she thinks to (C) her / herself but
each be more receptive to the news if it’s bundled with I’ll definitely get there.’
different things. Perhaps that promotion news will land
easier if Vincent is given (C) a few / few extra vacation (A) (B) (C)
days for the holidays, while you can promise Emily a ① Looking …… that …… herself
bigger promotion a year from now. Consider each person’s ② Looked …… that …… her
complex positive and negative personality traits, their life ③ Looking …… which …… herself
circumstances, and their mindset in the moment when ④ Looking …… which …… her
deciding what to say and how to say it. Personal
⑤ Looked …… which …… her
connection, compassion, and an individualized management
style are key to drawing consistent, rock star-level work
out of everyone.

(A) (B) (C)

① is …… be interpreted …… a few
② are …… be interpreted …… few
③ is …… interpret …… a few
④ is …… interpret …… few
⑤ are …… interpret …… few
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어휘 적절성 파악 (A) (B) (C)

① ambiguous …… irrelevant …… personnel
35. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로
② ambitious …… relevant …… personal
가장 적절한 것은? (21번)35)
③ ambitious …… irrelevant …… personnel
Everyone’s heard the expression don't let the perfect ④ ambiguous …… relevant …… personnel
become the enemy of the good. If you want to get ⑤ ambiguous …… relevant …… personal
over an obstacle so that your idea can become the
solution‑based policy you’ve long dreamed of, you
can’t have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. You have to
37. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로

be (A) reluctant / willing to alter your idea and let others 가장 적절한 것은? (22번)37)
influence its outcome. You have to be okay with the
Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their
outcome being a little different, even a little less, than you
relevance. Think about the person you knew who
wanted. Say you’re pushing for a clean water act. Even if
was once on the fast track at your company, who is
what (B) emerges / merges isn’t as well‑funded as you
either no longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears
wished, or doesn’t match how you originally (C) deceived / to have hit a plateau in his or her career. Assuming
conceived the bill, you’ll have still succeeded in ensuring he or she did not make an ambitious move, more
that kids in troubled areas have access to clean water. often than not, this individual is a victim of having
That’s what counts, that they will be safer because of your failed to stay relevant and embrace the advances in
idea and your effort. Is it perfect? No. Is there more work his or her industry. Think about the impact personal
to be done? Absolutely. But in almost every case, helping computing technology had on the first wave of (A)
move the needle forward is vastly better than not helping exclusive / executive leadership exposed to the technology.
at all. Those who embraced the technology were able to (B)
integrate / segregate it into their work styles and excel.
(A) (B) (C)
Those who were (C) resistant / resilient many times found
① willing …… merges …… conceived
few opportunities to advance their careers and in many
② reluctant …… merges …… deceived
cases were ultimately let go through early retirement for
③ willing …… merges …… deceived failure to stay relevant and update their skills.
④ willing …… emerges …… conceived
⑤ reluctant …… emerges …… conceived (A) (B) (C)
① executive …… segregate …… resistant
② exclusive segregate resilient
36.
…… ……
(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로
③ executive …… segregate …… resilient
가장 적절한 것은? (22번)36)
④ executive …… integrate …… resistant
Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their ⑤ exclusive …… integrate …… resistant
relevance. Think about the person you knew who
was once on the fast track at your company, who is
either no longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears
to have hit a plateau in his or her career. Assuming
he or she did not make an (A) ambiguous / ambitious
move, more often than not, this individual is a victim of
having failed to stay (B) irrelevant / relevant and embrace
the advances in his or her industry. Think about the
impact (C) personal / personnel computing technology had
on the first wave of executive leadership exposed to the
technology. Those who embraced the technology were able
to integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those who
were resistant many times found few opportunities to
advance their careers and in many cases were ultimately
let go through early retirement for failure to stay relevant
and update their skills.
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38. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 39. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로
가장 적절한 것은? (39번)38) 가장 적절한 것은? (41-42번)39)

Creativity can have an (A) effect / affect on Creative people aren’t all cut from the same cloth.
productivity. Creativity leads some individuals to recognize They have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity.
problems that others do not see, but which may be very They have different approaches to work. And they’re
difficult. Charles Darwin’s approach to the speciation each motivated by different things. Managing people
problem is a good example of this; he chose a very is about being aware of their unique personalities.
difficult and tangled problem, speciation, which led him into It’s also about empathy and adaptability, and
a long period of data collection and deliberation. This knowing how the things you do and say will be
choice of problem did not allow for a quick attack or a interpreted and (A) adopting / adapting accordingly.
simple experiment. In such cases creativity may actually Who you are and what you say may not be the same
(B) increase / decrease productivity (as measured by from one person to the next. For instance, if you’re asking
publication counts) because effort is focused on difficult someone to work a second weekend in a row, or telling
problems. For others, whose creativity is more focused on them they aren’t getting that deserved promotion just yet,
methods and technique, creativity may lead to solutions you need to bear in mind the individual. Vincent will have
that drastically reduce the work necessary to solve a a very different reaction to the news than Emily, and they
problem. We can see an example in the development of will each be more (B) receptive / perceptive to the news if
the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which enables us to it’s bundled with different things. Perhaps that promotion
amplify small pieces of DNA in a short time. This type of news will land easier if Vincent is given a few extra (C)
creativity might reduce the number of steps or (C) vocation / vacation days for the holidays, while you can
constitute / substitute steps that are less likely to fail, thus promise Emily a bigger promotion a year from now.
increasing productivity. Consider each person’s complex positive and negative
personality traits, their life circumstances, and their mindset
(A) (B) (C) in the moment when deciding what to say and how to say
① affect …… increase …… substitute it. Personal connection, compassion, and an individualized
② effect …… increase …… constitute management style are key to drawing consistent, rock
③ affect …… decrease …… constitute star-level work out of everyone.

④ effect …… increase …… substitute

(A) (B) (C)
⑤ effect …… decrease …… substitute
① adapting …… perceptive …… vacation
② adopting …… perceptive …… vocation
③ adapting …… perceptive …… vocation
④ adapting …… receptive …… vacation
⑤ adopting …… receptive …… vacation
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내용 일치·불일치 42. 다음 지문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. (20번)42)

40. 다음 지문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. (18번)40) The more people have to do unwanted things the
more chances are that they create unpleasant
It was a pleasure meeting you at your gallery last environment for themselves and others. If you hate
the thing you do but have to do it nonetheless, you
week. I appreciate your effort to select and exhibit
have choice between hating the thing and accepting
diverse artwork. As I mentioned, I greatly admire
that it needs to be done. Either way you will do it.
Robert D. Parker’s paintings, which emphasize the
Doing it from place of hatred will develop hatred
beauty of nature. Over the past few days, I have towards the self and others around you; doing it
been researching and learning about Robert D. from the place of acceptance will create compassion
Parker’s online viewing room through your gallery’s towards the self and allow for opportunities to find a
website. I’m especially interested in purchasing the more suitable way of accomplishing the task. If you
painting that depicts the horizon, titled Sunrise. I decide to accept the fact that your task has to be
would like to know if the piece is still available for done, start from recognising that your situation is a gift from
life; this will help you to see it as a lesson in acceptance.
purchase. It would be a great pleasure to house this
wonderful piece of art. I look forward to your reply
to this inquiry. ① 사람들은 원치 않는 일을 할수록, 자신과 다른 사람에게 불편
한 환경을 만들 가능성이 더 커진다.
② 여러분은 그것을 싫어하는 것과 그것이 완료될 필요가 있다
① 필자는 지난주에 상대의 화랑에서 만났다.
는 것을 받아들이는 것 중 선택할 수 있다.
② 필자는 다양한 미술 작품을 선정하고 전시한 귀하의 노력에 감사한다.
③ 수용의 영역에서 좋아하는 일을 한다면 더 적합한 방법을 찾
③ 필자는 Robert D.Parker의 그림을 좋아하며, 그의 그림은
을 기회를 갖게 될 것이다.
지평선의 아름다움을 강조한다.
④ 여러분의 상황이 삶으로부터의 선물임을 인식하는 것으로부터 시작하라.
④ 필자는 웹사이트를 통해 Robert D. Parker의 온라인 전시
⑤ 이것은 여러분이 그것을 수용의 교훈으로 여기게 도울 것이다.
공간에 관해 조사하고 알아보았다.
⑤ 필자는 지평선을 묘사한 그림을 구매하는 것에 특히 관심이 있다.
43. 다음 지문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. (22번)43)

41. 다음 지문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. (19번)41) Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their
relevance. Think about the person you knew who
was once on the fast track at your company, who is
On opening day, Isabel arrives at the cafe very early
either no longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears
with nervous anticipation. She looks around the cafe,
to have hit a plateau in his or her career. Assuming
but she can’t shake off the feeling that something is
he or she did not make an ambitious move, more
missing. As she sets out cups, spoons, and plates, often than not, this individual is a victim of having
Isabel’s doubts grow. She looks around, trying to failed to stay relevant and embrace the advances in
imagine what else she could do to make the cafe his or her industry. Think about the impact personal
perfect, but nothing comes to mind. Then, in a computing technology had on the first wave of
sudden burst of inspiration, Isabel grabs her executive leadership exposed to the technology.
paintbrush and transforms the blank walls into Those who embraced the technology were able to
landscapes, adding flowers and trees. As she paints, integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those
who were resistant many times found few
her doubts begin to fade. Looking at her handiwork,
opportunities to advance their careers and in many
which is beautifully done, she is certain that the cafe
cases were ultimately let go through early retirement
will be a success. ‘Now, success is not exactly
for failure to stay relevant and update their skills.
guaranteed,’ she thinks to herself, ‘but I’ll definitely
get there.’
① 성장과 발전에 실패한 브랜드는 그들의 적합성을 찾는다.
② 성공했던 사람이 지금은 그렇지 않다면 그 사람은 자기 업계에서 적합
① 개업식날, Isabel은 초조한 기대감을 품고 카페에 매우 일찍 도착한다. 성을 유지하고 발전을 포용하는 데 실패한 사람이다.
② Isabel은 카페를 둘러보지만, 무엇인가 빠졌다는 느낌을 떨쳐 낼 수 없 ③ 개인용 컴퓨터 사용 기술이 이 기술에 노출된 첫 물결의 경
다. 영 지도자에게 다른 영향을 미쳤다.
③ 컵과 숟가락, 접시를 차려 놓으며 Isabel의 의심은 커진다. ④ 기술을 포용한 이들은 그것을 그들의 작업 스타일에 흡수하
④ 그림을 그리면서, Isabel의 불안도 서서히 사라지기 시작한다. 여 탁월할 수 있었다.
⑤ 아름답게 완성된 그녀의 작품을 보며, 그녀는 그림이 성공하 ⑤ 기술에 저항한 이들은 결국 적합성을 유지하고 기술을 새롭
리라고 확신한다. 게 하는 데 실패하여 이른 은퇴를 했다.
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44. 다음 지문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. (32번)44) 45. 다음 지문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. (33번)45)

Many early dot-com investors focused almost entirely Scholars of myth have long argued that myth gives
on revenue growth instead of net income. Many structure and meaning to human life; that meaning is
early dot-com companies earned most of their amplified when a myth evolves into a world. A virtual
revenue from selling advertising space on their Web world’s ability to fulfill needs grows when lots and
sites. To boost reported revenue, some sites began lots of people believe in the world. Conversely, a
exchanging ad space. Company A would put an ad virtual world cannot be long sustained by a mere
for its Web site on company B’s Web site, and handful of adherents. Consider the difference
company B would put an ad for its Web site on between a global sport and a game I invent with my
company A’s Web site. No money ever changed nine friends and play regularly. My game might be a
hands, but each company recorded revenue (for the great game, one that is completely immersive, one
value of the space that it gave up on its site) and that consumes all of my group’s time and attention.
expense (for the value of its ad that it placed on the If its reach is limited to the ten of us, though, then
other company’s site). This practice did little to boost it’s ultimately just a weird hobby, and it has limited
net income and resulted in no additional cash inflow social function. For a virtual world to provide lasting,
‒ but it did boost reported revenue. This practice wide-ranging value, its participants must be a large
was quickly put to an end because accountants felt enough group to be considered a society. When that
that it did not meet the criteria of the revenue threshold is reached, psychological value can turn
recognition principle. into wide-ranging social value.

① 초기의 많은 닷컴 투자자들은 거의 전적으로 순이익보다 수익 증가에 ① 신화 학자들은 신화가 인간의 삶에 구조와 의미를 부여한다
만 집중했다. 고 오랫동안 주장해 왔다.
② 초기의 많은 닷컴 회사들은 그들의 수익 대부분을 자신들의 웹사이트에 ② 욕구를 충족시킬 수 있는 가상 세계의 능력은 수많은 사람이
광고를 게재하는 공간을 판매하는 것으로부터 벌어들였다. 그 세상의 존재를 믿을 때 커진다.
③ 보고되는 수익을 끌어올리기 위해, 몇몇 사이트는 광고 게재 공간을 ③ 가상 세계는 단지 몇명뿐인 추종자들에 의해서는 오래 지속될 수 있다.
서로 주고받기 시작했다. ④ 내 게임의 범위가 우리 10명으로 제한된다면, 그것은 최종적으로 그저
④ 이러한 관행은 순이익을 끌어올리는 데 약간의 효과가 있었 이상한 취미일 뿐이고, 제한된 사회적 기능을 가진다.
지만, 부가적인 현금 유입을 초래하지는 않았다. ⑤ 그 기준점에 도달했을 때, 심리적 가치가 넓은 범위에 퍼지는
⑤ 회계사들은 이러한 관행이 수익 인식 기준을 충족시키지 못 사회적 가치로 변할 수 있다.
한다고 생각했기 때문에 이 관행은 빠르게 종식되었다.
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46. 다음 지문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. (35번)46) 48. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적

Human processes differ from rational processes in 절한 곳을 고르시오. (21번)48)

their outcome. A process is rational if it always does
You have to be okay with the outcome being a little
the right thing based on the current information,
different, even a little less, than you wanted.
given an ideal performance measure. In short,
rational processes go by the book and assume that Everyone’s heard the expression don't let the perfect
the book is actually correct. Human processes involve become the enemy of the good. ( ① ) If you want to
instinct, intuition, and other variables that don’t get over an obstacle so that your idea can become the
necessarily reflect the book and may not even solution‑based policy you’ve long dreamed of, you can’t
consider the existing data. As an example, the have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. ( ② ) You have to be
rational way to drive a car is to always follow the willing to alter your idea and let others influence its
laws. However, traffic isn’t rational; if you follow the outcome. ( ③ ) Say you’re pushing for a clean water act.
laws precisely, you end up stuck somewhere because
( ④ ) Even if what emerges isn’t as well‑funded as you
other drivers aren’t following the laws precisely. To
wished, or doesn’t match how you originally conceived
be successful, a self-driving car must therefore act
the bill, you’ll have still succeeded in ensuring that kids
humanly, rather than rationally.
in troubled areas have access to clean water. ( ⑤ )
That’s what counts, that they will be safer because of
① 인간의 과정은 그 결과에 있어서 이성적인 과정과 다르다. your idea and your effort. Is it perfect? No. Is there more
② 이성적인 과정은 책에 나와 있는 규칙대로 진행하고, 책은 실 work to be done? Absolutely. But in almost every case,
제로 옳다고 간주한다. helping move the needle forward is vastly better than not
③ 자동차를 운전하는 이성적인 방식은 항상 법규를 따르는 것이다. helping at all.
④ 교통은 이성적이지 않아서 여러분이 법규를 정확히 따르지
않는다면 여러분은 결국 어딘가에 갇혀 꼼짝 하게 된다.
⑤ 자율주행 자동차가 성공하려면 이성적이기보다는 인간적으로
49. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적

행동해야 한다. 절한 곳을 고르시오. (22번)49)

Those who embraced the technology were able to

integrate it into their work styles and excel.

Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their relevance.

( ① ) Think about the person you knew who was once
on the fast track at your company, who is either no
longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears to have hit a
plateau in his or her career. ( ② ) Assuming he or she
문단 속에 문장 넣기 did not make an ambitious move, more often than not,
this individual is a victim of having failed to stay relevant
47. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 and embrace the advances in his or her industry. ( ③ )
절한 곳을 고르시오. (19번)47) Think about the impact personal computing technology
had on the first wave of executive leadership exposed to
Then, in a sudden burst of inspiration, Isabel grabs
her paintbrush and transforms the blank walls into the technology. ( ④ ) Those who were resistant many
landscapes, adding flowers and trees. times found few opportunities to advance their careers
and in many cases were ultimately let go through early
On opening day, Isabel arrives at the cafe very early with
retirement for failure to stay relevant and update their
nervous anticipation. ( ① ) She looks around the cafe,
skills. ( ⑤ )
but she can’t shake off the feeling that something is
missing. ( ② ) As she sets out cups, spoons, and plates,
Isabel’s doubts grow. ( ③ ) She looks around, trying to
imagine what else she could do to make the cafe perfect,
but nothing comes to mind. ( ④ ) As she paints, her
doubts begin to fade. ( ⑤ ) Looking at her handiwork,
which is beautifully done, she is certain that the cafe will
be a success.
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50. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 52. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적

절한 곳을 고르시오. (23번)50) 절한 곳을 고르시오. (37번)52)

In this study, however, the researchers isolated I can list more and more reasons such as wanting to
various components of the subjects’ diets and found live longer, spending more quality time with loved
that fruit didn’t seem to be doing their memory ones, etc., but what are the reasons for those
centers any favors. reasons?

What consequences of eating too many grapes and other A common but incorrect assumption is that we are
sweet fruit could there possibly be for our brains? ( ① ) creatures of reason when, in fact, we are creatures of
A few large studies have helped to shed some light. ( ② both reason and emotion. ( ① ) We cannot get by on
) In one, higher fruit intake in older, cognitively healthy reason alone since any reason always eventually leads to
adults was linked with less volume in the hippocampus. ( a feeling. ( ② ) Should I get a wholegrain cereal or a
③ ) This finding was unusual, since people who eat more chocolate cereal? ( ③ ) I can list all the reasons I want,
fruit usually display the benefits associated with a healthy but the reasons have to be based on something. ( ④ )
diet. ( ④ ) Another study from the Mayo Clinic saw a For example, if my goal is to eat healthy, I can choose
similar inverse relationship between fruit intake and the wholegrain cereal, but what is my reason for wanting
volume of the cortex, the large outer layer of the brain. ( to be healthy? ( ⑤ ) You should be able to see by now
⑤ ) Researchers in the latter study noted that excessive that reasons are ultimately based on non‑reason such as
consumption of high-sugar fruit (such as mangoes, values, feelings, or emotions. These deep-seated values,
bananas, and pineapples) may cause metabolic and feelings, and emotions we have are rarely a result of
cognitive problems as much as processed carbs do. reasoning, but can certainly be influenced by reasoning.
We have values, feelings, and emotions before we begin

51. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적

to reason and long before we begin to reason effectively.

절한 곳을 고르시오. (24번)51)

You can mess up and be rough and get dirty

because no one even knows you’re there.

Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that others

are watching. ( ① ) It’s a lot easier to move under the
radar when no one knows you and no one is paying
53. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적

attention. ( ② ) But as soon as you start to win, and 절한 곳을 고르시오. (38번)53)

others start to notice, you’re suddenly aware that you’re
The fish varies the signals by changing the form of
being observed. ( ③ ) You’re being judged. ( ④ ) You
the electric field or the frequency of discharging.
worry that others will discover your flaws and
weaknesses, and you start hiding your true personality, Electric communication is mainly known in fish. ( ① )
so you can be a good role model and good citizen and a The electric signals are produced in special electric
leader that others can respect. ( ⑤ ) There is nothing organs. ( ② ) When the signal is discharged the electric
wrong with that. But if you do it at the expense of being organ will be negatively loaded compared to the head
who you really are, making decisions that please others and an electric field is created around the fish. ( ③ ) A
instead of pleasing yourself, you’re not going to be in weak electric current is created also in ordinary muscle
that position very long. When you start apologizing for cells when they contract. ( ④ ) In the electric organ the
who you are, you stop growing and you stop winning. muscle cells are connected in larger chunks, which makes
Permanently. the total current intensity larger than in ordinary muscles.
( ⑤ ) The system is only working over small distances,
about one to two meters. This is an advantage since the
species using the signal system often live in large groups
with several other species. If many fish send out signals
at the same time, the short range decreases the risk of
interference.
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54. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 56. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적

절한 곳을 고르시오. (39번)54) 절한 곳을 고르시오. (41-42번)56)

And they’re each motivated by different things.

For others, whose creativity is more focused on
methods and technique, creativity may lead to Creative people aren’t all cut from the same cloth. ( ① )
solutions that drastically reduce the work necessary They have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity. ( ②
to solve a problem. ) They have different approaches to work. ( ③ )
Managing people is about being aware of their unique
Creativity can have an effect on productivity. ( ① )
personalities. ( ④ ) It’s also about empathy and
Creativity leads some individuals to recognize problems
adaptability, and knowing how the things you do and say
that others do not see, but which may be very difficult. (
will be interpreted and adapting accordingly. ( ⑤ ) Who
② ) Charles Darwin’s approach to the speciation problem
you are and what you say may not be the same from
is a good example of this; he chose a very difficult and
one person to the next. For instance, if you’re asking
tangled problem, speciation, which led him into a long
someone to work a second weekend in a row, or telling
period of data collection and deliberation. ( ③ ) This
them they aren’t getting that deserved promotion just
choice of problem did not allow for a quick attack or a
yet, you need to bear in mind the individual. Vincent will
simple experiment. ( ④ ) In such cases creativity may
have a very different reaction to the news than Emily,
actually decrease productivity (as measured by publication
and they will each be more receptive to the news if it’s
counts) because effort is focused on difficult problems. (
bundled with different things. Perhaps that promotion
⑤ ) We can see an example in the development of the
news will land easier if Vincent is given a few extra
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which enables us to
vacation days for the holidays, while you can promise
amplify small pieces of DNA in a short time. This type of
Emily a bigger promotion a year from now.
creativity might reduce the number of steps or substitute
steps that are less likely to fail, thus increasing
productivity.

흐름에 무관한 문장 찾기
55. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적
절한 곳을 고르시오. (40번)55)

Scientists propose that this occurs because, although

57. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은? (19번)57)

we experience three dimensions, only two had a

On opening day, Isabel arrives at the cafe very early
strong influence on our evolution: the vertical
with nervous anticipation. ① She looks around the
dimension as defined by gravity and, in mobile
cafe, but she can’t shake off the feeling that
species, the front/back dimension as defined by the
something is missing. ② As she sets out cups,
positioning of sensory and feeding mechanisms.
spoons, and plates, Isabel’s doubts grow. ③ She
A young child may be puzzled when asked to distinguish looks around, trying to imagine what else she could
between the directions of right and left. ( ① ) But that do to make the cafe perfect, but nothing comes to
same child may have no difficulty in determining the mind. ④ Paintings can be used to make money. ⑤
directions of up and down or back and front. ( ② ) Then, in a sudden burst of inspiration, Isabel grabs
These influence our perception of vertical versus her paintbrush and transforms the blank walls into
horizontal, far versus close, and the search for dangers landscapes, adding flowers and trees. As she paints,
from above (such as an eagle) or below (such as a her doubts begin to fade. Looking at her handiwork,
snake). ( ③ ) However, the left-right axis is not as which is beautifully done, she is certain that the cafe
relevant in nature. ( ④ ) A bear is equally dangerous will be a success. ‘Now, success is not exactly
from its left or the right side, but not if it is upside guaranteed,’ she thinks to herself, ‘but I’ll definitely
down. ( ⑤ ) In fact, when observing a scene containing get there.’
plants, animals, and man‑made objects such as cars or
street signs, we can only tell when left and right have
been inverted if we observe those artificial items.
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58. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은? (21번)58) 60. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은? (23번)60)

Everyone’s heard the expression don't let the perfect What consequences of eating too many grapes and
become the enemy of the good. If you want to get other sweet fruit could there possibly be for our
over an obstacle so that your idea can become the brains? ① Dining and drinking are two of the most
solution‑based policy you’ve long dreamed of, you widespread interests in the world. ② A few large
can’t have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. You have to studies have helped to shed some light. ③ In one,
be willing to alter your idea and let others influence higher fruit intake in older, cognitively healthy adults
its outcome. You have to be okay with the outcome was linked with less volume in the hippocampus. ④
being a little different, even a little less, than you This finding was unusual, since people who eat more
wanted. Say you’re pushing for a clean water act. fruit usually display the benefits associated with a
Even if what emerges isn’t as well‑funded as you healthy diet. ⑤ In this study, however, the
wished, or doesn’t match how you originally researchers isolated various components of the
conceived the bill, you’ll have still succeeded in subjects’ diets and found that fruit didn’t seem to be
ensuring that kids in troubled areas have access to doing their memory centers any favors. Another
clean water. ① That’s what counts, that they will be study from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar inverse
safer because of your idea and your effort. Is it relationship between fruit intake and volume of the
perfect? No. ② Is there more work to be done? ③ cortex, the large outer layer of the brain.
Absolutely. ④ Clean Act doesn’t make sure of clean Researchers in the latter study noted that excessive
water. ⑤ But in almost every case, helping move the consumption of high-sugar fruit (such as mangoes,
needle forward is vastly better than not helping at bananas, and pineapples) may cause metabolic and
all. cognitive problems as much as processed carbs do.

59. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은? (22번)59)

61. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은? (35번)61)
Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their
relevance. ① Brand development is most important Human processes differ from rational processes in
for each nation for developing their economic status. their outcome. ① A process is rational if it always
② Think about the person you knew who was once does the right thing based on the current
on the fast track at your company, who is either no information, given an ideal performance measure. ②
longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears to have In short, rational processes go by the book and
hit a plateau in his or her career. ③ Assuming he or assume that the book is actually correct. ③ Human
she did not make an ambitious move, more often processes involve instinct, intuition, and other
than not, this individual is a victim of having failed variables that don’t necessarily reflect the book and
to stay relevant and embrace the advances in his or may not even consider the existing data. ④ Who
her industry. ④ Think about the impact personal defines rationality? ⑤ As an example, the rational
computing technology had on the first wave of way to drive a car is to always follow the laws.
executive leadership exposed to the technology. ⑤ However, traffic isn’t rational; if you follow the laws
Those who embraced the technology were able to precisely, you end up stuck somewhere because
integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those other drivers aren’t following the laws precisely. To
who were resistant many times found few be successful, a self-driving car must therefore act
opportunities to advance their careers and in many humanly, rather than rationally.
cases were ultimately let go through early retirement
for failure to stay relevant and update their skills.
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62. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은? (36번)62) 연결사 추론

Like positive habits, bad habits exist on a continuum

64. 다음 지문의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? (30번)64)

of easy-to-change and hard-to-change. When you

Robert Blattberg and Steven Hoch noted that, in a
get toward the “hard” end of the spectrum, note the
changing environment, it is not clear that consistency
language you hear — breaking bad habits and battling
is always a virtue and that one of the advantages of
addiction. It’s as if an unwanted behavior is a
human judgment is the ability to detect change.
nefarious villain to be aggressively defeated. But this
___(A)___, in changing environments, it might be
kind of language (and the approaches it spawns)
advantageous to combine human judgment and
frames these challenges in a way that isn’t helpful or
statistical models. Blattberg and Hoch examined this
effective. ① I specifically hope we will stop using this
possibility by having supermarket managers forecast
phrase: “break a habit.” This language misguides
demand for certain products and then creating a
people. ② The word “break” sets the wrong
composite forecast by averaging these judgments
expectation for how you get rid of a bad habit. ③
with the forecasts of statistical models based on past
This word implies that if you input a lot of force in
data. The logic was that statistical models assume
one moment, the habit will be gone. ④ However,
stable conditions and therefore cannot account for
that rarely works, because you usually cannot get rid
the effects on demand of novel events such as
of an unwanted habit by applying force one time. ⑤
actions taken by competitors or the introduction of
You should try it at least twice.
new products. Humans, ___(B)___, can incorporate
these novel factors in their judgments. The composite

63. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은? (39번)63)

─ or average of human judgments and statistical
models ─ proved to be more accurate than either
the statistical models or the managers working alone.
Creativity can have an effect on productivity.
Creativity leads some individuals to recognize
problems that others do not see, but which may be (A) (B)
very difficult. Charles Darwin’s approach to the
① Likewise …… for instance
speciation problem is a good example of this; he
② Thus …… however
chose a very difficult and tangled problem,
③ Thus …… instead
speciation, which led him into a long period of data
collection and deliberation. This choice of problem did ④ For instance …… however
not allow for a quick attack or a simple experiment. ⑤ Yet …… however
① In such cases creativity may actually decrease
productivity (as measured by publication counts)
because effort is focused on difficult problems. ② For
others, whose creativity is more focused on methods
and technique, creativity may lead to solutions that
drastically reduce the work necessary to solve a
problem. ③ We can see an example in the
development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
which enables us to amplify small pieces of DNA in a
short time. ④ Productivity and the sleeping hours do
not have anything to do with each other. ⑤ This
type of creativity might reduce the number of steps
or substitute steps that are less likely to fail, thus
increasing productivity.
 전체 버전 Mango05.com

문단 내 글의 순서 파악 ① (A )― (C )― (B ) ② (B )― (A )― (C )
③ (B )― (C )― (A ) ④ (C )― (A )― (B )

65. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 ⑤ (C )― (B )― (A )

고르시오. (19번)65)

On opening day, Isabel arrives at the cafe very early

with nervous anticipation. She looks around the cafe,
67. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

but she can’t shake off the feeling that something is 고르시오. (21번)67)
missing.
Everyone’s heard the expression don't let the perfect
become the enemy of the good. If you want to get
(A) Then, in a sudden burst of inspiration, Isabel
over an obstacle so that your idea can become the
grabs her paintbrush and transforms the blank
solution‑based policy you’ve long dreamed of, you
walls into landscapes, adding flowers and trees.
can’t have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. You have to
(B) As she paints, her doubts begin to fade. be willing to alter your idea and let others influence
Looking at her handiwork, which is beautifully its outcome.
done, she is certain that the cafe will be a
success. (A) That’s what counts, that they will be safer
(C) As she sets out cups, spoons, and plates, because of your idea and your effort. Is it
Isabel’s doubts grow. She looks around, trying perfect? No.
to imagine what else she could do to make the (B) You have to be okay with the outcome being a
cafe perfect, but nothing comes to mind. little different, even a little less, than you
wanted. Say you’re pushing for a clean water
① (A )― (C )― (B ) ② (B )― (A )― (C ) act. Even if what emerges isn’t as well‑funded
③ (B )― (C )― (A ) ④ (C )― (A )― (B ) as you wished, or doesn’t match how you
⑤ (C )― (B )― (A ) originally conceived the bill, you’ll have still
succeeded in ensuring that kids in troubled
areas have access to clean water.

(C) Is there more work to be done? Absolutely.

66. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을
But in almost every case, helping move the
고르시오. (20번)66) needle forward is vastly better than not helping
at all.
The more people have to do unwanted things the
more chances are that they create unpleasant
① (A )― (C )― (B ) ② (B )― (A )― (C )
environment for themselves and others. If you hate
③ (B )― (C )― (A ) ④ (C )― (A )― (B )
the thing you do but have to do it nonetheless, you
have choice between hating the thing and accepting ⑤ (C )― (B )― (A )

that it needs to be done.

(A) If you decide to accept the fact that your task

has to be done, start from recognising that
your situation is a gift from life; this will help
you to see it as a lesson in acceptance.

(B) Either way you will do it.

(C) Doing it from place of hatred will develop

hatred towards the self and others around you;
doing it from the place of acceptance will
create compassion towards the self and allow
for opportunities to find a more suitable way of
accomplishing the task.
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서술형 대비 ❏ 다음 지문을 읽고 서술형 문장을 완성하시오. (20번)

ⓐ 사람들은 원하지 않는 일을 더 해야 할수록, 그들 자신과 다

68. 밑줄 친 부분 중 틀린 것을 찾아 바르게 고치시오. (19번)68)

른 사람에게 불편한 환경을 만들 가능성이 더 커진다. If you hate
the thing you do but have to do it nonetheless, you have
choice between hating the thing and accepting that it
On opening day, Isabel arrives at the cafe very early
needs to be done. Either way you will do it. Doing it from
with nervous anticipation. She looks around the cafe,
place of hatred will develop hatred towards the self and
but she can’t shake off the feeling ①that something is
others around you; doing it from the place of acceptance
missing. As she sets out cups, spoons, and plates, Isabel’s
will create compassion towards the self and allow for
doubts grow. She looks around, ②tried to imagine ③what
opportunities to find a more suitable way of accomplishing
else she could do to make the cafe perfect, but nothing
the task. If you decide to accept the fact that your task
comes to mind. Then, in a sudden burst of inspiration,
has to be done, start from recognising that your situation
Isabel grabs her paintbrush and transforms the blank walls
is a gift from life; ⓑ 이는 여러분이 그것을 수용의 교훈으로 여
into landscapes, adding flowers and trees. As she paints,
her doubts begin to fade. Looking at her handiwork, ④ 기게 도울 것이다.

which is beautifully done, she is certain ⑤that the cafe will

be a success. ‘Now, success is not exactly guaranteed,’ she
thinks to herself, ‘but I’ll definitely get there.’ 70. 위의 네모 안의 문장을 문맥과 조건에 맞도록 영작하시오.70)

⦁ 틀린 번호 : ( ) <<조건>>
⦁ 바르게 고친 것 : ______________________________________ 1. 주어진 해석에 맞도록 영작할 것.
2. 주어진 단어들을 배열하여 문장을 완성하시오.
69. 밑줄 친 부분 중 틀린 것을 찾아 바르게 고치시오. (24번)69) (변형, 추가 없음)
3. the 비교급, the 비교급 구문의 문장을 만드시오.
Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that the more / create / are / environment / unwanted
others are watching. It’s a lot easier to move under things / they / others / unpleasant / chances / that
the radar ①when no one knows you and no one is / have / for / to / do / people / and / themselves
paying attention. You can mess up and be rough and get
dirty because no one even knows you’re there. But as
soon as you start to win, and others start to notice, you’re 답: _______________________________________________________
suddenly aware ②that you’re being observed. you’re being _______________________________________________________
judged. You worry ③that others will discover your flaws
and weaknesses, and you start hiding your true personality, 71. 위의 네모 안의 문장을 문맥과 조건에 맞도록 영작하시오.71)
so you can be a good role model and good citizen and a
leader ④that others can respect. There is nothing wrong <<조건>>
with that. But if you do it at the expense of being who 1. 주어진 해석에 맞도록 영작할 것.
you really are, ⑤made decisions that please others instead 2. 주어진 단어들을 배열하여 문장을 완성하시오.
of pleasing yourself, you’re not going to be in that position (변형, 추가 없음)
very long. When you start apologizing for who you are, 3. A를 B로 간주하다/여기다 = see A as B
you stop growing and you stop winning. Permanently.
this / see / you / help / acceptance / it / a / in /
⦁ 틀린 번호 : ( ) as / to / lesson / will
⦁ 바르게 고친 것 : ______________________________________

답: _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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❏ 다음 지문을 읽고 서술형 문장을 완성하시오. (21번)

Everyone’s heard the expression don't let the perfect

become the enemy of the good. If you want to get
over an obstacle so that your idea can become the
solution‑based policy you’ve long dreamed of, you
can’t have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. You have to
be willing to alter your idea and let others influence
its outcome. You have to be okay with the outcome
being a little different, even a little less, than you
wanted. Say you’re pushing for a clean water act.
Even if what emerges isn’t as well‑funded as you
wished, or doesn’t match how you originally
conceived the bill, you’ll have still succeeded in
ensuring that kids in troubled areas have access to
clean water. That’s what counts, that they will be
safer because of your idea and your effort. Is it
perfect? No. Is there more work to be done?
Absolutely. But in almost every case, ⓐ 바늘을 앞으로
이동시키는 것을 돕는 것이 전혀 돕지 않는 것보다 훨씬 더 낫다.

72. 위의 네모 안의 문장을 문맥과 조건에 맞도록 영작하시오.72)

<<조건>>
1. 주어진 해석에 맞도록 영작할 것.
2. 주어진 단어들을 배열하여 문장을 완성하시오.
(변형, 추가 없음)
3. 비교급 that ~ 구문과 / not ~ at all 구문을 사용하시
오.

helping / forward / at / better / all / needle / the /

not / than / move / is / helping / vastly

답: _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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Answer Key which는 관계사이므로 사용할 수 없다.

1) ③ 26) ②
2) ③ ☞ (A): appear는 자동사이므로 수동태로 사용할 수 없다. (B):
3) ⑤ 문장의 주어가 Assuming를 능동적으로 행한 것이므로 능동
4) ④
5) ② 형 분사(-ing)가 필요하다. (C): be exposed to ~에 노출되
☞ 지문의 요지는 '원치 않는 일을 할 때, 수용적인 태도의 중 다이므로 과거분사(p.p)가 필요하다.
요성'이므로 2번이 정답이다.
27) ④
6) ② ☞ (A): a few 약간의, few ~는 거의 없다. (B): 주어의 핵이
☞ 지문의 요지는 '완벽함을 버리기: 부분적인 성공을 수용하기 단수명사이므로 단수동사가 필요하다. (C): associated를 당
'이므로 2번이 정답이다. 한 것이므로 과거분사(p.p)가 필요하다.

7) ① 28) ③
☞ 지문의 요지는 '변화를 받아들여 적응하기'이므로 1번이 정 ☞ (A): ‘카메라를 받은(be given) 것이므로’, 수동분사구문의
답이다. 형태로 Given이 되어야 한다. (B): 지칭대상이 주어와 같으
므로 재귀대명사가 되어야 한다. (C): 문장의 주어가
8) ⑤ convincing를 능동적으로 행한 것이므로 능동형 분사(-ing)
☞ 지문의 요지는 '과일의 과도한 섭취의 부작용'이므로 5번이 가 필요하다.
정답이다.
29) ③
9) ③ ☞ ③ attend → attend to
☞ 지문의 요지는 '타인을 의식하지 않기: 지속된 성공의 비결' → attend ~에 참석하다 attend to ~에 주의를 기울이다.
이므로 3번이 정답이다.
30) ④
10) ② ☞ (A): practice는 동명사만 목적어로 취하는 동사이다. (B):
☞ 지문의 요지는 '사람들의 최고 능력을 끌어내기 위해 그들을 지칭대상이 주어와 같으므로 재귀대명사가 되어야 한다.
이해하기'이므로 2번이 정답이다. (C): 주어가 행한 것이 아니라 당한 것이므로 수동태를 써야
한다.
11) ④
☞ <요약문> 우리는 타인을 의식하지 않아야 지속적인 성공을 31) ④
이룰 수 있다. ☞ ④ little 거의 없는 a little 약간의. 문맥상 little이 옳으며
a little을 사용하면 문장의 의미가 긍정이 되므로 안된다.
12) ④
☞ <요약문> 인간은 확실성을 좋아하는데, 이것은 인간의 생존 32) ⑤
을 보장했다. ☞ (A): 접속사를 생략하지 않은 분사구문. 문장의 주어가
asked를 수동적으로 당했다(학생들이 요청을 받았다)는 의
13) ① 미이므로 수동형 분사구문(p.p)이 필요하다 (B): occur는 자
☞ <요약문> 변화하는 환경에서는 인간의 판단과 통계 모델들 동사이므로 수동태로 사용할 수 없다. (C): 접속사를 생략하
을 결합하는 것이 유리할 수 있다. 지 않은 분사구문. 문장의 주어가 observing를 능동적으로
행한 것이므로 능동형 분사구문(-ing)이 필요하다
14) ①
☞ <요약문> 초기의 많은 닷컴 회사들은 광고 게제 공간을 교 33) ①
환함으로써 수익이 증가된 것처럼 보이게 만들었다. ☞ (A): people이 주어가 아닌, 동명사(managing)가 주어이므
로 단수동사가 필요하다. (B): 주어가 행한 것이 아니라 당한
15) ⑤
것이므로 수동태를 써야 한다. (C): a few 약간의, few ~는
☞ <요약문> 가상 세계가 가치가 있으려면, 참여자들의 수가
거의 없다.
충분히 많아야 한다.
34) ③
16) ④
17) ③ ☞ (A): 문장의 주어가 Looking를 능동적으로 행한 것이므로
18) ⑤ 능동형 분사(-ing)가 필요하다. (B): 관계대명사 that은
19) ② comma와 함께 계속적으로 사용할 수 없다. (C): 지칭대상
20) ⑤ 이 주어와 같으므로 재귀대명사가 되어야 한다.
21) ③
22) ④
23) ② 35) ④
☞ ② verbal means와 의미상 같은 내용인 표현으로 바꾸었 ☞ reluctant 꺼리는, 마지못한 willing 기꺼이 ~하는 emerge
다. 등장하다, 나타나다 merge 합병하다 submerge 가라앉다
deceive 속이다 conceive 품다, 임신하다 perceive 인지하
24) ④ 다
☞ (A): arrive는 자동사이므로 at이 필요하다. (B): 문장의 주
어가 trying를 능동적으로 행한 것이므로 능동형 분사(-ing) 36) ②
가 필요하다. (C): 문장의 주어가 adding를 능동적으로 행한 ☞ ambiguous 애매한, 모호한 ambitious 야망있는
것이므로 능동형 분사(-ing)가 필요하다. irrelevant 무관한 relevant 관련된 personal 개인의
personnel 직원(들)
25) ③
☞ (A): the 비교급, the 비교급 구문. (B): 지칭대상이 주어와 37) ④
같으므로 재귀대명사가 되어야 한다. (C): 동격의 that이다. ☞ exclusive 독점적인 executive 간부 segregate (사람 등을)
 전체 버전 Mango05.com

분리하다, 차별하다 integrate 통합하다 resilient 회복력 있

는, 탄력있는 resultant ~의 결과로 생긴 resistant 저항하 62) ⑤
는 ☞ 글의 흐름상 '당신은 적어도 두 번은 시도해야 한다.'는 내
용은 어울리지 않는다.
38) ⑤
☞ affect 영향을 주다 effect 영향 increase 증가(하다) 63) ④
decrease 감소(하다) substitute 대체하다 constitute 구성 ☞ 글의 흐름상 '생산성과 수면시간은 서로 아무 관련이 없다'
하다 는 내용은 어울리지 않는다.

39) ④ 64) ②
65) ④
☞ adapt 적응하다 adopt 받아들이다 채택하다 receptive 수 66) ③
용하는 perceptive 지각의, 인지의 vacation 휴가, 방학 67) ②
vocation 여행 68) ②
☞ 문장의 주어가 trying를 능동적으로 행한 것이므로 능동형
40) ③ 분사(-ing)가 필요하다.
☞ ③ Robert D.Parker의 그림은 자연의 아름다움을 강조한다
고 했다. 69) ⑤
☞ 문장의 주어가 making를 능동적으로 행한 것이므로 능동형
41) ⑤ 분사(-ing)가 필요하다.
☞ ⑤ Isabel은 그림이 아닌 '카페'의 성공을 확신했다.
70) The more people have to do unwanted things the
42) ③ more chances are that they create unpleasant
☞ ③ 수용의 영역에서 좋아하는 일을 한다면 → 싫어하는 일 environment for themselves and others
을 한다면 71) this will help you to see it as a lesson in
acceptance
43) ① 72) helping move the needle forward is vastly better
☞ ①성장과 발전에 실패한 브랜드는 그들의 적합성을 찾는다 than not helping at all
→ 잃는다

44) ④
☞ ④ This practice did little to boost net income 이라고
했으므로, '거의 효과가 없었다'고 해석해야 한다.

45) ③
☞ ③ 지문에서는 가상 세계는 단지 몇명뿐인 추종자들에 의해
서는 오래 지속될 수 없다고 했다.

46) ④
☞ ④ 여러분이 법규를 정확히 따른다면 여러분은 결국 어딘가
에 갇혀 꼼짝 하게 된다고 했다.

47) ④
48) ③
49) ④
50) ④
51) ②
52) ⑤
53) ⑤
54) ⑤
55) ②
56) ③
57) ④
☞ 글의 흐름상 '그림은 돈을 벌기 위해 사용될 수 있다.'는 내
용은 어울리지 않는다.

58) ④
☞ 글의 흐름상 'Clean Act가 깨끗한 물을 보장하지는 않는
다.'는 내용은 어울리지 않는다.

59) ①
☞ 글의 흐름상 '브랜드의 발전은 각국이 경제적 지위를 발전시
키는데 가장 중요하다.'는 내용은 어울리지 않는다.

60) ①
☞ 글의 흐름상 '식사와 음주는 세계에서 가장 널리 퍼져 있는
관심거리 중 하나이다.'는 내용은 어울리지 않는다.

61) ④
☞ 글의 흐름상 '이성을 정의하는 자가 누구란말인가?.'는 내용
은 어울리지 않는다.