MysuruCon-2023

Poster Presentation on Enabling Technologies for Smart City

nd
on 2 December 2023 organized by IEEE Mysuru Subsection Hosted by
Malnad College of Engineering, Hassan
SMART CITY GARBAGE COLLECTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Rakshitha T 1
G; Kusuma R 2
K; Vidyamani S 3
L; Ramya 4
S; Balaji B S5
1, 2, 3, 4, 5BGSIT, ADICHUNCHANAGIRI UNIVERSITY, BG Nagara

Abstract Results
The main issues faced by densely populated metropolitan areas is proper garbage The main objective of smart garbage management system is to maintain the level
management is due to urbanization and industry. Today it is more challenging of cleanliness in the campus/area and form an environment which is better for
places to live sustainably and healthily due to environmental contamination. The living. We can continually check the amount of garbage in the dustbins that are
absence of an appropriate waste management strategy leads to issues like waste located in the campus using this method. If a dustbin reaches its full capacity, in-
overflow, which seriously damages our ecosystem. An epidemic of different charge staff will be notified and will be able to take prompt action to empty it as
diseases is caused by a contaminated environment. Waste management presents a soon as possible. Employees may use their cell phones to check the status of these
long-term development concern for both industrialized and developing nations. We bins at any time. If used correctly, this can be a very useful device. People who
must use technologically based solutions in this day and age of overpopulation in want to go one step further in improving the cleanliness of their respective areas
urban areas to manage massive trash loads. Smart IoT-based integrated system can use the system as a benchmark. This device uses an ultrasonic sensor to check
consisting of an identity system, an automated lid system, a display system, and a the amount of garbage in the dustbins, but in the future, other types of sensors
communication system in order to provide environmental hygiene and sustainable may be combined with the ultrasonic sensor to get more accurate results and take
urban living. The proposed system is more effective than any conventional waste the system to the next level.
management system since it uses less labor, prevents waste from spilling over,
saves time, is more cost-effective, and is fully automated.

Introduction
Waste management is the transport, processing, recycling, treatment and disposal,
managing, monitoring, regulating of waste materials. Waste materials can either be
solid, liquid, gaseous or radio-actives.
Sustainability takes into account all recourses available on planet like plant, water,
minerals, landscape etc, and manage them in a way that these recourses always
exits in the future.
Nowadays due to high hygienic standards ,collecting garbage and maintaining
cleanliness is important task of the municipal waste management system.
Solid waste is inevitable task in urbanization process and it will increase in future.
The collection, segregation, storage, transports and processing of solid waste needs
planning and more investment. India is experiencing tremendous growth in urban Municipal Solid Waste Management Method
areas which produce 120,000 tonnes of solid waste per day. Some metropolitan
cities like Mumbai, Calcutta, Bengaluru, and Pune showing typical urban pollution. Discussion
Among these Pune is also one of the cities which produce large quantity (1000-
2000 MT/day) of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The scenario in India is also A parallel system of rag-pickers helps in recycling of valuable waste material at
alarming as MSW is expected to increase from 85 million tons in 2011 to 300 source which exposes themselves to the stink and to the skin diseases.
million tons by 2047(Ministry of Urban Development, 2000). Landfilling is the most common practice in many countries that involve burying the
The methodology involved locating the bin positions, mapping collection points and waste. It is comparatively inexpensive technique of waste disposal that avoids
routes of vehicle, assessing waste characteristics through sampling. In future, serious threat to community health represented by open dumping. In landfill, the
Nearly half of the total waste can be reduced from going to landfill by practicing organic waste undergoes natural decomposition and generates a fluid, which is
3R's (Reduce, Recycle, Reuse). This will not only reduce pollution caused by known as leachate, and is very harmful to the ecosystem. The only solution is to
dumping but also make today’s waste as tomorrow’s resource. reduce landfilling by converting into fertile land. In composting, micro-organisms,
mainly fungi and bacteria, convert degradable organic waste into humus like
Table 1. Overview of Solid Waste by ESR 2012-13 substance. It increases the soil's ability to hold water and makes the soil easier to
cultivate. Zero waste promotes and establishes sustainable models to maximize
resource recovery by using participatory and decentralize approach and to reduce
burden on the ecosystem by reducing waste generation

Methods and Materials

Proposed system consisting of Arduino Mega or ESP32 microcontroller with
ultrasonic sensors and load cell which monitors the level of garbage bins and sends
Figure 1. Waste Generation Rate in India (MoF, 2009) Figure 2. Collection Efficiency of Cities. (Sharholy 2008)
the level of garbage filled to database. The garbage is identified and then
segregated in the following categories like – Organic, Paper, Plastic, Glass, Sanitary,
Metal, Wood, E-waste and Others. The garbage collection is done in the bins Conclusions
attached with a crusher (for glass, plastic, carton boxes and paper boxes) and paper
The waste has several components which can be reduced-reused–recycled instead
shredder which reduces the space in the collection bin. Data is fetched from
of lack of awareness among generators, lack of sense of ownership and
database and can be viewed in mobile application. Mobile application displays the
responsibility, lack of sufficient infrastructure. Also maximum collection efficiency,
level of garbage filled, location and in charge staff of respective bins. Analysis of
route cost optimization, Processing, composting, recovery with minimum
garbage filled count can viewed in mobile application for real time, current week,
landfilling, Health hazard, open dumping, burning of waste. It is a tool kit for
month and year.
applications elsewhere to develop a zero waste management plan for a ward in an
urban area.

References
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McDougall, F., White, P., Franke, M., Hindle, P., 2001. Integrated Solid Waste Management: A Life Cycle Inventory. Blackwell Science, London.
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