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Control Valve Sizing

The document discusses how to properly size control valves for applications by calculating the required flow capacity (Cv) based on factors like pressure, flow rate, temperature and medium type. It provides equations to calculate Cv for gas, steam and liquid applications, and examples of these calculations. It also explains how to select a control valve based on comparing the required Cv to the Cv ratings of specific valve models.

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73 views

Control Valve Sizing

The document discusses how to properly size control valves for applications by calculating the required flow capacity (Cv) based on factors like pressure, flow rate, temperature and medium type. It provides equations to calculate Cv for gas, steam and liquid applications, and examples of these calculations. It also explains how to select a control valve based on comparing the required Cv to the Cv ratings of specific valve models.

Uploaded by

paween saetae
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Valve Sizing

Hi-Flow™ Valve Application


Control valves are used to change process conditions such as flow, temperature, level,
and pH. A complete control system would include a sensor, controller, positioner or current
to pressure transducer, and control valve. Globe valves, such as the Dwyer Hi-Flow™ Series, are
a common type of control valve. In the example shown, a Hi-Flow™ control valve is
controlling temperature by varying the amount of steam or cold water added to the process.
It is essential to correctly size a control valve for the application so that the process
works effectively and efficiently. A control valve should be selected according to the
application flow requirement, not the line size it is installed in.

Hi-Flow™ Valve Cutaway


All control valves have a rated flow capacity expressed as the Cv rating. The valve
flow coefficient (Cv) is the number of US gallons per minute of 60-degree Fahrenheit water
that will pass through a fully open valve with a 1 psi pressure drop. For example, a Hi-Flow™
valve with a Cv rating of 10.75 will pass 10.75 gallons per minute of water with a pressure
drop of 1 psi across the valve.
To select the proper valve for the application, it is necessary to calculate the needed
flow capacity (Cv). The necessary Cv will be dependent upon the pressure drop across the
valve. The greater the pressure drop taken across the valve, the greater the flow through the
valve. The amount of pressure drop which should be taken depends on the specific
application and the pressure available. The required application Cv is calculated with different
formulas according to the medium type (e.g., liquid, gas, or steam).
For Gas, use the equation shown with Cv dependent upon upstream pressure,
downstream pressure, pressure drop taken, volumetric flow rate needed, temperature, and
specific gravity.

If taking greater than 50% of the upstream pressure for pressure drop, use the shown
simplified equation:

Here is an example calculation for a gas application:


For steam, use the equation shown, with Cv dependent upon upstream pressure,
downstream pressure, pressure drop taken, and mass flow rate needed.

If taking greater than 50% of the upstream pressure for pressure drop, use the shown
simplified equation:
If the pressure drop is greater than 50%, ∆P>P1/2, use:

Here is an example calculation for a steam application:


For liquid service, the pressure drop must not exceed 50% of the upstream pressure.
Use the equation shown with Cv dependent upon upstream pressure, downstream pressure,
pressure drop taken, volumetric flow rate needed, and specific gravity.

Here is an example calculation for a liquid application:

Once the required Cv is determined, selection of the proper size control valve can be
obtained by comparing the calculated application required Cv to the Cv values for the Hi-
Flow™ valves. To size properly, it is best to increase the required Cv by 10 to 15% to account
for different operating conditions. In addition, the minimum required controllable flow should
fall within the rangeability of the valve. The rangeability of Hi-Flow™ valves is 50 to 1. For
example, if a Hi-Flow™ valve was chosen with a Cv of 10.75, then the minimum controllable
Cv would be 10.75 divided by 50 (a quotient of 0.215). The Cv values for the High Flow™
valves are shown on the Dwyer catalog pages and instruction manuals on our website. Shown
below are the Cv values for the Hi-Flow™ valves with full ports and linear characteristics.

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