syntax_reviewer
==================================================================================
Creating database:
CREATE DATABASE database_name;
EXAMPLE:
CREATE DATABASE herotry;
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Changing name of database:
ALTER DATABASE current_name RENAME TO new_name;
EXAMPLE:
ALTER DATABASE herotry RENAME TO game_database;
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Dropping database:
DROP DATABASE database_name;
EXAMPLE:
DROP DATABASE game_database;
==================================================================================
-- Creating table
CREATE TABLE table_name(
column1 data_type constraints,
column2 data_type constraints
);
EXAMPLES
-- table 1
CREATE TABLE player(
player_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
player_name VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
email VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
password VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
Registration_date DATE DEFAULT CURRENT_DATE
);
-- table 2
CREATE TABLE character(
character_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
character_name VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
level INT check (level >= 1),
exp INT check (exp >= 0),
player_id INT,
foreign key (player_id) references player(player_id)
);
-- table 3 (one to one)
CREATE TABLE class (
class_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
class_name VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
character_id INT UNIQUE,
FOREIGN KEY (character_id) REFERENCES character(character_id)
);
-- table 4
CREATE TABLE skill(
skill_id INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
skillName VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
is_Active BOOL DEFAULT true,
character_id INT,
foreign key (character_id) references character(character_id)
);
-- table 5
CREATE TABLE item(
item_id INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
item_name VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
/*(if you want to put fix categories for items):
item_categ VARCHAR(500) CHECK (item_categ IN('Weapon', 'Armor',
'Consumable'))
*/
item_categ VARCHAR(500)
);
-- table 6 (for many to many)
CREATE TABLE character_item (
character_id INT,
item_id INT,
PRIMARY KEY (character_id, item_id),
FOREIGN KEY (character_id) REFERENCES character(character_id),
FOREIGN KEY (item_id) REFERENCES item(item_id)
);
==================================================================================
-- Altering table
-- Alter table name
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;
EXAMPLES:
-- player to user
ALTER TABLE "player" RENAME TO "user";
-- user to player
ALTER TABLE "user" RENAME TO "player";
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-- Alter column name
ALTER TABLE table_name
RENAME COLUMN column_name TO new_column_name;
EXAMPLES:
-- changing column from character table: "character_name" to "name_of_char"
ALTER TABLE character
RENAME COLUMN character_name TO name_of_char;
-- changing column from character table: "name_of_char" to "character_name"
ALTER TABLE character
RENAME COLUMN name_of_char TO character_name;
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-- Add column
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD COLUMN new_column_name data_type;
EXAMPLE:
ALTER TABLE player
ADD COLUMN age INT CHECK(age >= 18);
/*
additional info for dropping constrain and dropping column:
-- DROPPING CONSTRAINT
ALTER TABLE player
DROP CONSTRAINT player_age_check;
--DROPPING COLUMN
ALTER TABLE player
DROP COLUMN age;
*/
==================================================================================
-- Delete Constraints
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP CONSTRAINT constraint_name;
EXAMPLES:
-- drop primary key of skill_id
ALTER TABLE skill
DROP CONSTRAINT skill_pkey;
-- drop foreign key of character_id
ALTER TABLE skill
DROP CONSTRAINT skill_character_id_fkey;
==================================================================================
-- Add Constraint
-- Adding primary key
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD CONSTRAINT constraint_name PRIMARY KEY (column_name);
EXAMPLE:
Adding primary key to skill_id
ALTER TABLE skill
ADD CONSTRAINT skill_pkey PRIMARY KEY (skill_id);
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-- Adding foreign key
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD CONSTRAINT constraint_name
FOREIGN KEY (column_name)
REFERENCES reference_table(reference_column);
EXAMPLE:
-- Adding foreign key to character_id from skill table ta's ang reference ay
character_id from character table
ALTER TABLE skill
ADD CONSTRAINT skill_character_id_fkey
FOREIGN KEY (character_id)
REFERENCES character(character_id);
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-- additional info sa add constraint: (not included sa db na 'to)
-- Add a Unique Constraint
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD CONSTRAINT constraint_name UNIQUE (column_name);
EXAMPLE:
ALTER TABLE Students
ADD CONSTRAINT UQ_StudentEmail UNIQUE (Email);
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-- Add Check Constraint (not included sa db na 'to)
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD CONSTRAINT constraint_name CHECK (condition);
EXAMPLE:
ALTER TABLE Orders
ADD CONSTRAINT CheckOrderTotal CHECK (Total >= 0);
==================================================================================
-- Setting and dropping not null (NOT NULL IS ALSO A CONSTRAINT)
-- removing NOT NULL in a column
ALTER TABLE table_name
ALTER COLUMN column_name DROP NOT NULL;
-- set NOT NULL in a column
ALTER TABLE table_name
ALTER COLUMN column_name SET NOT NULL;
==================================================================================
-- Inserting data
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, ...);
EXAMPLES:
-- Sample data for the player table
INSERT INTO player (player_id, player_name, email, password)
VALUES
(1, 'Daryll', '
[email protected]', 'pogi123'),
(2, 'Von', '
[email protected]', 'von123456789'),
(3, 'Kurt', '
[email protected]', 'kurtpogi');
-- Sample data for the character table
INSERT INTO character (character_id, character_name, level, exp, player_id)
VALUES
(1, 'Goshon', 5, 1000, 1),
(2, 'Zelung', 3, 750, 2),
(3, 'Seselion', 4, 800, 3);
-- Sample data for the class table
INSERT INTO class (class_id, class_name, character_id)
VALUES
(1, 'Assassin', 1), -- Assassin class for character with character_id 1
(2, 'Fighter', 2), -- Fighter class for character with character_id 2
(3, 'Mage', 3); -- Mage class for character with character_id 3
-- Sample data for the skill table
INSERT INTO skill (skill_id, skillName, character_id, is_Active)
VALUES
(1, 'Sword Spike', 1, true),
(2, 'Spear Strike', 2, true),
(3, 'Bat Impact', 3, true);
-- Sample data for the item table
INSERT INTO item (item_id, item_name, item_categ)
VALUES
(1, 'Blade of Despair', 'Physical Item'),
(2, 'Cloak of Destiny', 'Magic Item'),
(3, 'Health Potion', 'Consumable');
-- Sample data for the hero_items table (many-to-many relationship)
INSERT INTO character_item (character_id, item_id)
VALUES
(1, 2), -- Gusion has Cloak of Destiny
(2, 1), -- Zilong has Blade of Despair
(3, 3), -- Nana has Health Potion
(2, 3); -- Zilong also has Health Potion
==================================================================================
UPDATE Data Example:
UPDATE skill
SET is_Active = false
WHERE skillName = 'Spear Strike';
==================================================================================
DELETE DATA
Delete all data from a table:
DELETE FROM table_name;
or you may also use:
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;
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Delete data based on a condition:
DELETE FROM player
WHERE player_name = 'Daryll';
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Delete data from a table based on a JOIN condition:
DELETE FROM character_item
WHERE character_id = (
SELECT character_id
FROM character
WHERE character_name = 'Goshon'
);
==================================================================================
-- Dito ko na inilagay para mas madali and matatry
Drop column:
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name;
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Drop table:
DROP TABLE table_name;
or you may use this to avoid errors:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS employees;
