CAMPION COLLEGE
THIRD FORM HISTORY
HOMEWORK #2
Names: Joel Brown_______________________________________________
October 20, 2023
_______________________________________________
Teacher’s Name: Ms.Stewart________________________________________
SECTION A
The British Industrial Revolution: Causes
Historical Context
The Industrial Revolution was a rapid, greatly increased output of machine-made goods. It
began in England in the 1700s within the textile industry. Before the Industrial Revolution,
people wove textiles by hand at home. Beginning in the mid-1700s, machines did this and
other jobs as well. At the same time, greatly improved farming methods resulted in an
agricultural revolution. This paved the way for changes in manufacturing techniques.
Directions: Be sure to do each of the following steps:
1. Carefully read the document-based question. Consider what you already know about this
topic.
2. Read each document carefully, underlining key phrases and words that address the
document-based question. Answer the questions that follow each document before moving on
to the next document.
According to the map, state three resources England have that were needed for
industrialization. 3 marks
Three resources England had that were needed for industrialization were
coal, iron, and lead.
Why were workers readily available for factory jobs? 2 marks
Factory jobs had a surplus of workers thanks to the Agrarian Revolution,
which introduced agricultural machinery, enhancing efficiency and
reducing the demand for farmers. Consequently, many individuals
relocated to cities in search of employment opportunities.
According to Smith, why were workers in a factory so productive? 2 marks
Productivity in factories soared as labor was subdivided, with workers
taking on two or three tasks instead of working in isolation. This
approach, according to Smith, enhanced efficiency, as repetitive tasks
were streamlined, resulting in increased factory efficiency and overall
productivity.
How did geography help England industrialize? 2 marks
England's geographical advantages played a pivotal role in its
industrialization. The presence of abundant raw materials, notably iron,
and readily available fuel sources like coal, proved superior to other
alternatives. These geographic factors provided England with a distinct
advantage for manufacturing and industrial development.
How did innovation lead to the Industrial Revolution in England? 2 marks
Innovation was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution in
England. Scientists keenly observed the progress of England's industry
and applied systematic thinking to make discoveries across various fields.
They cleverly connected these discoveries to create new technologies that
greatly improved England's manufacturing capabilities. This collective
innovation was the catalyst for the Industrial Revolution.
Document 6
What was the result of these changes in agriculture in England? 2 marks
The chart shows a clear trend toward mechanized agriculture. Crops and
seed planting became more efficient, and animal rearing increased yields.
This success in agriculture fueled England's trade market, allowing for
more exports thanks to these innovations.
Document 7
What are two reasons Knowles cited to explain industrialization in England? 2
marks
Knowles offered two key factors to account for the industrialization in England.
The first factor was the establishment of political freedom in England, which
came after the elimination of the many international tariffs that had previously
slowed trade with Germany. The second factor was the achievement of
economic freedom in England, brought about by the removal of the numerous
tolls and charges that had previously hindered trade with France.
SECTION B
The British Industrial Revolution: Effects
Historical Context
The Industrial Revolution had a wide range of positive and negative effects on the economic
and social life of the people of England. These results have been interpreted by a variety of
perspectives- the factory workers, the factory owners, the government, and others who
observed the conditions in industrial cities at the time.
Document 8
(i) Does this testimony describe positive or negative effects of the Industrial
Revolution?
It describes the negative effects.
(ii) Describe the effects of industrialization on children working in the factory. 2
marks
Industrialization had significant effects on children working in factories. First, there was a
lack of access to formal education because the long working hours made it impossible for
children to attend school. Second, children were often exploited, as factory managers found
them easier to manipulate and less likely to rebel against demanding working hours.
Document 9
(i) Does this testimony describe positive or negative effects of the Industrial
Revolution? 1 mark
It describes the negative effects
(ii) What effect did the working conditions have on the workers? 2 marks
The impact on workers was often harsh, as they toiled in hazardous conditions that
negatively affected their health. Exposure to physical risks was a common occurrence,
and tragically, it frequently resulted in fatal injuries.
Document 10
How does Andrew Ure describe the conditions in the factories he visited? 2
marks
Andrew Ure portrayed factories in a positive light, noting that the children appeared cheerful
and alert, giving the impression that they received breaks. Additionally, the absence of
corporal punishment, such as strapping, was seen as a sign of good treatment.
Document 11
According to this author, were the effects of the Industrial Revolution positive or
negative? 1 mark
The positive effects
Cite three evidence/details from the excerpt to support your answer. 3 marks
Three pieces of evidence that support the positive effects of industrialization is 1. Houses are
built better, 2. Clothes are cheaper and lastly travel is cheaper and faster.
Document 12
12. What benefits were provided to people in this village? 2 marks
Children working in these settings received various benefits. They were provided with food,
clothing, and education, and in addition, they received a weekly allowance for their labor.
Document 13
13. What did Leon Faucher observe when he visited Hyde? 2 marks
Leon Faucher noted that Hyde had transformed from a barren hill into a small city.
The women in the area were appropriately dressed, and the residents had rented
houses for 75 cents. Faucher also observed that the area was clean, indicating a sense
of order and comfort.
Document 14
14. (i). What did Engels observe as he visited an English industrial city? 1 mark
Engels observed the slums, which were characterized by their foul odor, dirtiness, and
the presence of disorderly, cramped, and chaotic little houses.
(ii) Why did Engels focus on the negative results of industrialisation? 2 marks
Engels emphasized the negative effects of industrialization to draw attention to these
issues and make them visible to the public, including the more privileged first-class
citizens, with the goal of advocating for social change and better conditions for
workers.
Document 15
15. Based, on this table state an observation about British iron production between 1740 and
1900. 1 mark
During the time period of 1740 -1900, iron production increased up to 9 million tons.
