CAMPION COLLEGE

THIRD FORM HISTORY

HOMEWORK #2

Names: Joel Brown_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

Teacher’s Name: Ms.Stewart________________________________________

SECTION A

The British Industrial Revolution: Causes

Historical Context

The Industrial Revolution was a rapid, greatly increased output of machine-made goods. It
began in England in the 1700s within the textile industry. Before the Industrial Revolution,
people wove textiles by hand at home. Beginning in the mid-1700s, machines did this and
other jobs as well. At the same time, greatly improved farming methods resulted in an
agricultural revolution. This paved the way for changes in manufacturing techniques.
Directions: Be sure to do each of the following steps:

1. Carefully read the document-based question. Consider what you already know about this
topic.

2. Read each document carefully, underlining key phrases and words that address the
document-based question. Answer the questions that follow each document before moving on
to the next document.

According to the map, state three resources England have that were needed for

industrialization. 3 marks

Three resources England had that were needed for industrialization were

coal, iron, and lead.

Factory jobs had a surplus of workers thanks to the Agrarian Revolution,

which introduced agricultural machinery, enhancing efficiency and

reducing the demand for farmers. Consequently, many individuals

relocated to cities in search of employment opportunities.

Productivity in factories soared as labor was subdivided, with workers

taking on two or three tasks instead of working in isolation. This

approach, according to Smith, enhanced efficiency, as repetitive tasks

were streamlined, resulting in increased factory efficiency and overall

productivity.

How did geography help England industrialize? 2 marks

England's geographical advantages played a pivotal role in its

industrialization. The presence of abundant raw materials, notably iron,

and readily available fuel sources like coal, proved superior to other
alternatives. These geographic factors provided England with a distinct

advantage for manufacturing and industrial development.

How did innovation lead to the Industrial Revolution in England? 2 marks

Innovation was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution in

England. Scientists keenly observed the progress of England's industry

and applied systematic thinking to make discoveries across various fields.

They cleverly connected these discoveries to create new technologies that

greatly improved England's manufacturing capabilities. This collective

innovation was the catalyst for the Industrial Revolution.

Document 6
 What was the result of these changes in agriculture in England? 2 marks

The chart shows a clear trend toward mechanized agriculture. Crops and

seed planting became more efficient, and animal rearing increased yields.

This success in agriculture fueled England's trade market, allowing for

more exports thanks to these innovations.

Document 7
 What are two reasons Knowles cited to explain industrialization in England? 2

marks

Knowles offered two key factors to account for the industrialization in England.

The first factor was the establishment of political freedom in England, which

came after the elimination of the many international tariffs that had previously

slowed trade with Germany. The second factor was the achievement of

economic freedom in England, brought about by the removal of the numerous

tolls and charges that had previously hindered trade with France.

SECTION B

The British Industrial Revolution: Effects

The Industrial Revolution had a wide range of positive and negative effects on the economic
and social life of the people of England. These results have been interpreted by a variety of
perspectives- the factory workers, the factory owners, the government, and others who
observed the conditions in industrial cities at the time.

Document 8

(i) Does this testimony describe positive or negative effects of the Industrial
Revolution?

It describes the negative effects.

(ii) Describe the effects of industrialization on children working in the factory. 2

Document 9

(i) Does this testimony describe positive or negative effects of the Industrial

Revolution? 1 mark

It describes the negative effects

The impact on workers was often harsh, as they toiled in hazardous conditions that

negatively affected their health. Exposure to physical risks was a common occurrence,

and tragically, it frequently resulted in fatal injuries.

Document 10

How does Andrew Ure describe the conditions in the factories he visited? 2

marks

Andrew Ure portrayed factories in a positive light, noting that the children appeared cheerful

and alert, giving the impression that they received breaks. Additionally, the absence of

corporal punishment, such as strapping, was seen as a sign of good treatment.

Document 11
 According to this author, were the effects of the Industrial Revolution positive or

negative? 1 mark

The positive effects

Cite three evidence/details from the excerpt to support your answer. 3 marks

Three pieces of evidence that support the positive effects of industrialization is 1. Houses are

built better, 2. Clothes are cheaper and lastly travel is cheaper and faster.

Document 12
12. What benefits were provided to people in this village? 2 marks

Children working in these settings received various benefits. They were provided with food,

clothing, and education, and in addition, they received a weekly allowance for their labor.

Document 13

13. What did Leon Faucher observe when he visited Hyde? 2 marks
 Leon Faucher noted that Hyde had transformed from a barren hill into a small city.

The women in the area were appropriately dressed, and the residents had rented

houses for 75 cents. Faucher also observed that the area was clean, indicating a sense

of order and comfort.

Document 14

14. (i). What did Engels observe as he visited an English industrial city? 1 mark

Engels observed the slums, which were characterized by their foul odor, dirtiness, and

the presence of disorderly, cramped, and chaotic little houses.

(ii) Why did Engels focus on the negative results of industrialisation? 2 marks

Engels emphasized the negative effects of industrialization to draw attention to these

issues and make them visible to the public, including the more privileged first-class
 citizens, with the goal of advocating for social change and better conditions for

workers.

Document 15

15. Based, on this table state an observation about British iron production between 1740 and

1900. 1 mark

During the time period of 1740 -1900, iron production increased up to 9 million tons.