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Lecture 1 - DDW

The document discusses databases and database management systems (DBMS). It defines a DBMS as a collection of interrelated data and programs to access the data, which contains information relevant to an enterprise. The primary goal of a DBMS is to store and retrieve database information conveniently and efficiently. It also discusses defining data structures for storage, providing mechanisms for data manipulation, and ensuring data safety. Key topics covered include the relational data model, database abstraction levels, and relationships like binary, ternary, and recursive.

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13 views

Lecture 1 - DDW

The document discusses databases and database management systems (DBMS). It defines a DBMS as a collection of interrelated data and programs to access the data, which contains information relevant to an enterprise. The primary goal of a DBMS is to store and retrieve database information conveniently and efficiently. It also discusses defining data structures for storage, providing mechanisms for data manipulation, and ensuring data safety. Key topics covered include the relational data model, database abstraction levels, and relationships like binary, ternary, and recursive.

Uploaded by

krishnajaiswalprod
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Databases and Data

Warehousing (SQL)
Dr. Kalpit Sharma

Lecture 1
Data Vs Information Vs Knowledge???

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


In this course, we would primarily deal
with database-management system
(DBMS).

They are a collection of interrelated


data and a set of programs to access
those data.

It contains information relevant to an


enterprise.

The primary goal of a DBMS is to


provide a way to store and retrieve
database information that is both
convenient and efficient.

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


What's a Database?

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Database systems are designed to manage
large bodies of information.

Defining structures for storage of


information,

Providing mechanisms for the manipulation


of information.

Ensure the safety of the information stored,


despite system crashes or attempts at
unauthorized access.

If data are to be shared among several


users, the system must avoid possible
anomalous results.
Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma
Enterprise Information

Sales Accounting Human Resources

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Manufacturing

Inventory Factory Logistics


Production

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Banking and Finance

Banking Credit Card Finance


Services

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Universities Airlines Telecommunications

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Web-based services

Social-media E-Commerce Online


Advertisements

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Navigation

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Purpose of 4 Integrity problems

Databases 5 Atomicity problems

6 Concurrent-access problems
1 Data redundancy &
inconsistency 7 Security problems

2 Difficulty in access
Compare the above
3 Data isolation issues as in file systems

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


When not to use a DBMS?
1 High initital investment in H/W, S/W, or training

2 Generality for defining and processing data

3 Overhead for providing


security, concurrency control,
recovery, and integrity functions

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Relational Model
Uses collection of tables
View of Data
Entity-Relationship Model
A database system is a collection of Uses collection of basic objects -- entities and
interrelated data and a set of relationships.
programs that allow users to access
and modify these data. Semi-structured Data model
Permits the specification of data where individual
Provides users with an abstract view
data items of the same type may have different sets
of the data.
of attributes.

System hides certain details of how Object-oriented Data model


the data are stored and maintained.
notions of encapsulation, methods, and object
identity.

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Data
Abstraction
Physical level
How the data are actually stored.

For the system to be usable, it must


retrieve data efficiently. Logical level
What data are stored in the database, and what
Developers hide the complexity from relationships exist among those data
users through several levels of data
abstraction, to simplify users’
interactions with the system View level
Describes only part of the entire database.

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Sub-schema

Logical Schema

Physical Schema

Instance & Schema??

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


1 Potential for enforcing standards
Additional
Implications 2 Reduced Application Dev time

3 Flexibility

4 Availability of up-to-date info.

5 Economies of scale

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Relational
Data Model

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma
Binary Relationship
Ternary Relationship
Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma
Database System
Environment

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Recursive Relationship

Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma


Lecture 1 Dr. Kalpit Sharma
Thank you!

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