Student Name: Sayed Abbas Sayed Ali

ID: 222200193
Columns RHS 20 × 20 × 2, (Silva, 2022)
• 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 1850 𝑚𝑚,
• 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 4
• 𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 – 𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
(20𝑥20)– (16𝑥16) = 144 𝑚𝑚2
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 144 𝑥 1850 = 266400 𝑚𝑚3
• 266400 𝑚𝑚3 / 10003 = 0.0002664 𝑚3
𝑘𝑔
• 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑚, 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑚3
• 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑥 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 ( 𝑚3 ) 𝑥 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑥 0.0002664 𝑥 4 = 𝟐. 𝟗 𝒌𝒈

Figure 1 Density of Aluminium (Loseail, 2023)

Long beams RHS 20×20×1.5, (Silva, 2022)

• 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 820 𝑚𝑚,
• 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 4
• 𝐿𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚𝑠 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 – 𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
(20𝑥20) – (17𝑥17) = 111 𝑚𝑚2
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 111 𝑥 820 = 91020 𝑚𝑚3
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 91020 𝑚𝑚3 / 10003 = 0.00009102 𝑚3
𝑘𝑔
• 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑚, 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑚3
• 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑥 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 (𝑚3 ) 𝑥 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑥 0.00009102 𝑥 4 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟗 𝒌𝒈

Short beams RHS 20×20×1.5, (Silva, 2022)

• 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 420 𝑚𝑚,
• 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 4
• 𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚𝑠 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 – 𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
(20𝑥20) – (17𝑥17) = 111 𝑚𝑚2
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 111 𝑥 420 = 46620 𝑚𝑚3
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 46620 𝑚𝑚3 / 10003 = 0.00004662 𝑚3
𝑘𝑔
• 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑚, 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑚3
• 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑥 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑚3 𝑥 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑥 0.00004662 𝑥 4 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟏 𝒌𝒈

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 Long trusses RHS 20×20×1.5, (Silva, 2022)
• 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 1225 𝑚𝑚,
• 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2
• 𝐿𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 – 𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
(20𝑥20) – (17𝑥17) = 111 𝑚𝑚2
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 111 𝑥 1225 = 135975 𝑚𝑚3
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 135975 𝑚𝑚3 / 10003 = 0.000135975 𝑚3
𝑘𝑔
• 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑚, 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑚3
• 3
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑥 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 (𝑚 ) 𝑥 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑥 0.000135975 𝑥 2 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟒 𝒌𝒈

Short trusses RHS 20×20×1, (Silva, 2022)

• 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 955 𝑚𝑚,
• 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 4
• 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 – 𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
(20𝑥20) – (18𝑥18) = 76 𝑚𝑚2
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 76 𝑥 955 = 72580 𝑚𝑚3
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 72580 𝑚𝑚3 / 10003 = 0.00007258 𝑚3
𝑘𝑔
• 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑚, 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑚3
• 3
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑥 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 (𝑚 ) 𝑥 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2710 𝑥 0.00007258 𝑥 4 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟗 𝒌𝒈

Top plate weight

• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑥 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 400 𝑥 800 𝑥 1.5 = 480000 𝑚𝑚3
• 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑥 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 (𝑚𝑚3 ) 𝑥 10−9 𝑥 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 480000 𝑥 2710 𝑥 10−9 𝑥 1 = 𝟏. 𝟑 𝒌𝒈

Bottom plate weight

• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑥 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 800 𝑥 800 𝑥 1 = 640000 𝑚𝑚3
• 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑥 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 (𝑚𝑚3 ) 𝑥 10−9 𝑥 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 640000 𝑥 2710 𝑥 10−9 𝑥 1 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟒 𝒌𝒈

Wood box
• 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = (𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 – 𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ) 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 =
[(1200 𝑥 1200 𝑥 200) – (1196 𝑥 1196 𝑥 198)] = 4777632 𝑚𝑚3
• 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑥 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 (𝑚𝑚3 ) 𝑥 10−9 𝑥 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 4777632 𝑥 10−9 𝑥 160 𝑥 1 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟕 𝒌𝒈

• 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑴𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 2.9 + 0.99 + 0.51 + 0.74 + 0.79 + 1.3 + 1.74 + 0.77 = 𝟗. 𝟕𝟒 𝒌𝒈

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 Figure 2 Density of wood (Lorais, 2023)

• Mechanical components weight’s assumptions:

1- DC motor = 3 kg
2- Bearing = 2 kg
3- Actuator = 1.5 kg
4- Battery = 2 kg
5- Main tires (quantity 4) = 4 x 0.3 kg = 1.2 kg
6- Mini tires (quantity 16) = 16 x 0.1 = 1.6 kg
7- TV holder = 1 kg

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟑 𝒌𝒈

• Used equations: (Budynas, 2015)

1. 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 (𝑁𝐹) = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 (𝑚) 𝑥 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 (𝑔)
2. 𝐹𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 (𝐹𝐹) = 𝑁𝐹 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝜇)
3. 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 (𝐹) = 𝑁𝐹 + 𝐹𝐹
4. 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 (𝜏) = 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 (𝐹) 𝑥 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 (𝑟)
5. 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡 (𝑃) = 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 (𝜏) 𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 (𝜔)
6. 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = (𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 / 𝑇𝑃𝑀 (𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟)) / 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
7. 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝛼) = 2𝜋 / 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 2 (𝑇)
8. 𝐼 = 0.5 𝑥 𝑚 𝑥 𝑟 2
9. 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒 (𝑃) = 𝐼 𝑥 𝛼

• Assumptions:
1. DC motor’s shaft diameter 3.2 mm. (Maykel, 2021)

Figure 3 DC motor dimensions (Maykel, 2021)

2. The time to lift the TV 1000 mm and/or rotate the mast 360 degrees is 3 seconds.

• DC motor (1) vertical movement:

𝑵𝑭 = 𝒎 𝒙 𝒈
𝑁𝐹 = 45 𝑘𝑔 𝑥 9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2 = 441.45 𝑁
𝑭𝑭 = 𝑵𝑭 𝒙 𝝁

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 Assume the μ = 0.2 (steel on steel)
𝐹𝐹 = 441.45 𝑥 0.2 = 88.29 𝑁
𝑭 = 𝑵𝑭 + 𝑭𝑭
𝐹 = 441.45 + 88.29 = 529.74 𝑁
𝝉 = 𝑭𝒙𝒓
𝜏 = 529.74 × 1.6 = 847.584 𝑁𝑚
𝑷 = 𝝉𝒙𝝎
Vertical angular velocity ω = (moving distance / TPM (thread per meter)) / time
Assume the TPM = 0.035 m
𝜔 = (1 / 0.035) / 3 = 9.524 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 (𝑝) = 𝜏 𝑥 𝜔 = 847.584 𝑥 9.524 = 8072.4 𝑊

• DC motor (2) rotational movement:

𝑵𝑭 = 𝒎 𝒙 𝒈
m is the weight of TV, truss, and mechanical components
𝑚 = 45 + 9.74 + 12.3 = 67.04 𝑘𝑔
𝑁𝐹 = 67.04 𝑥 9.81 = 657.6624 𝑁
𝑭𝑭 = 𝑵𝑭 𝒙 𝝁
Assume the μ = 0.2 (steel on steel)
𝐹𝐹 = 657. 6624 𝑥 0.2 = 131.532 𝑁
𝑭 = 𝑵𝑭 + 𝑭𝑭
𝐹 = 657. 6624 + 131. 532 = 789.19 𝑁
𝒎 = 𝑭/𝒈
𝑚 = 789 .19/ 9.81 = 80.45 𝑘𝑔
𝑰 = 𝟎. 𝟓 × 𝒎 × 𝑟2
𝐼 = 0.5 𝑥 80.45 𝑥 0.00162 = 0.000103 𝑘𝑔. 𝑚2
𝑹𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑨𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (𝜶) = 𝟐𝝅 / 𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆2

𝛼 = 2𝜋 /32 = 0.7 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠2

𝑷𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒓 𝒓𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒎𝒐𝒗𝒆 (𝑷) = 𝑰 𝒙 𝜶
𝑃 = 0.000103 𝑥 0.7 = 0.0000721 𝑊

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Total mass of the project
• 45 (𝑇𝑉) + 9.74 + 12.3 = 67.04 (𝑘𝑔)

Reaction and Truss Forces

• 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 (𝐾𝑔) 𝑥 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑚/𝑠 2 ) = 67.04 (𝑘𝑔)𝑥 9.81 (𝑚/𝑠 2 ) =
657.66 (𝑁)
• 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑠, 𝑠𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑗𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠 = 657.66 / 4 =
164.41 (𝑁)
• There are four roller supports at the bottom of the truss. Roller support can carry the vertical
movement.
• Since the sides of the truss are symmetric, so the load on members on each side is the same
• The reactions on tires will be the same as well (164.41 (N))

Method of joints

Figure 4 Load Distribution (Methods of Joints)

Joint B

• (+ ) ∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 , 𝑭𝑨𝑩 = 𝟎
• (+ ) ∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 , − 164.41 − 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0 𝑭𝑩𝑪 = −𝟏𝟔𝟒. 𝟒𝟏 (𝑵) (𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏)

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 Joint A
0.925
• 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 ( 0.820) = 48.44

• (+ ) ∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 𝐹𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐴𝐶 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (48.44) = 0 𝑭𝑨𝑪 = 𝟎

• (+ ) ∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 − 164.41 − 𝐹𝐴𝐷 = 0 𝑭𝑨𝑫 = − 𝟏𝟔𝟒. 𝟒𝟏 (𝑵) (𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏)

Joint C

• (+ )∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 0
• ( + ) ∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝐹𝐶𝐷 − 𝐹𝐶𝐸 − 164.41 = 0 𝑭𝑪𝑬 = − 𝟏𝟔𝟒. 𝟒𝟏 (𝑵) (𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏)

Joint D

• (+ )∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 𝑭𝑫𝑬 = 𝟎

Rough cost estimation

Table 1 Rough cost estimation

Element Prices (KWD) Number of elements Total price (KWD)

Column 15 4 60
Long beam 6 4 24
Short beam 7 4 28
Long truss 10 2 20
Short truss 9 4 36
Top plate 5 1 5
Bottom plate 5 1 5
wood box 8 1 8
DC motor 4 1 4
Battery 2.5 1 2.5
Actuator 7 1 7
Main tires 0.75 4 3
mini tires 0.35 16 5.6
TV holder 2 1 2
Total cost 210.1

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References

Silva, M. (2022) ALUMINIUM SQUARE TUBE (ASTM), Theorical Weights Table. Available at:
https://www.fms.pt/en/aluminium/tubes/aluminium_squarer_tube.html (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Loseail, M. (2023) Engendering, Tomorrow, together, Materials UK. Available at: https://www.thyssenkrupp-
materials.co.uk/density-of-aluminium.html (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Lorais, K. (2023) ASTM-C271 Standard, Materials Property Data. Available at:

https://www.matweb.com/search/datasheettext.aspx?matguid=b94eb5b59b5d425b92342f2bf45f38f6 (Accessed:
21 October 2023).

Budynas, R. (2015) Directory listing for ia903102.us.archive.org, Mechanical engineering design. Available at:
https://ia903102.us.archive.org/33/items/MechanicalEngineeringDesign9th/Mechanical%20Engineering%20De
sign%209th.pdf (Accessed: 18 October 2023).

Maykel, R. (2021) [type 1] RS-555 DC motor 12V - bush type small shaft, MakerBazar.in. Available at:
https://makerbazar.in/products/rs-555-dc-motor-12v (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

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Appendices

Figure 5 Table Of Crosse sections of Aluminium ASTM (Silva, 2022)

Figure 6 3D Section of aluminium Square tube ASTM (Silva, 2022)

Figure 7 Cross section ASTM (Silva, 2022)

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