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ICRAEM 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 981 (2020) 042075 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/981/4/042075

Design of PV Array Using Boost Converter by Incremental

Conductance Mppt Power Technique

S Anitha1, Ch. Vinay Kumar Reddy2, G Balaram3, G.Ranadheer Reddy4

1Department of EEE, Sumathi Reddy Institute of Technology for Women, Warangal,

India.
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, SR Engineering College, Warangal, India.
3Department of EEE, SR Engineering College, Warangal, India.
4Department of CSE, Sumathi Reddy Institute of Technology for Women, Warangal,
India.

Corresponding Mail: [email protected]

Abstract. The increasing demand of future power requirements Photovoltaic (pv) systems to be a
better alternatives. At present situation sunlight has huge priority. It is freely available resource
for power production. The output of this system is subjected to change in the sunlight and
temperature. To grasp more energy from the solar array the MPPT can play the crucial function
in photovoltaic systems. MPPT is mainly raise the productivity of Photovoltaic system. This
paper presents the design of pv array using step-up chopper by MPPT technique.

Keywords-MPPT, PV system, step-up chopper, , MATLAB/simulink.

1. Introduction:

Photovoltaic modules converts absorbed solar energy into electrical energy without pollution and no
reduction of renewable sources. Demand of global energy consumption look to be shifting with respect
to the non-renewable energy sources .The solar energy is absolute solution for this problem. The
reality is the outcome of solar PV system depends upon the sunlight and temperature. To grasp highest
power from the photovoltaic panels the MPPT controllers are used in photovoltaic systems [1].

Photovoltaics
Photovoltaic cells convert the light energy into electrical energy and are made of semiconducting
materials which display the property of photovoltaic effect. A normal photovoltaic system consists of
numerous solar cells, which generate electrical power [6]. They may be set up in a permanent
adjustment to increase production and they may be fixed on trackers that track the sun orientation[5].
Solar PV are pollution free. The conversion of sunlight to electricity directly occurs without any
rotating parts.

Solar Cells
Solar cells produce electrical power directly from sunlight. Solar panels [2] are normally maintained
at an angle to absorb more energy per unit area.

Applications of Photovoltaic Systems

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Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1
ICRAEM 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 981 (2020) 042075 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/981/4/042075

A solar PV system is electrical equipment used to produce electrical power by using solar power from
sun. It usually consists of numerous solar cells to absorb and directly convert solar power into

2
ICRAEM 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 981 (2020) 042075 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/981/4/042075

electrical power. In recent days, PV systems are grid-connected along with base load generating
stations, while stand-alone PV systems will offer a small part of the market. The main applications are

1. Rooftop And Building Integrated Systems

2. Concentrator Photovoltaic systems
3. Photovoltaic Thermal Hybrid Solar Collector
4. Power Stations
5. Country Electrification

Fig: I-V curve for a solar cell, showing the maximum power point Pmax.
A maximum power point tracker (or MPPT) is a high coherent DC to DC converter that offers an
optimal load to a solar panel or array, thus producing a voltage suitable for the load.

MPPT Implementation
When a load is directly linked to the solar panel, it will rarely operate at maximum power. The
impedance traced by the panel alters the point of operation of the solar panel. Choppers must be
implemented to alter the impedance among circuits. The V-I curve of the panel will be varied with
variation in atmospheric conditions like radiance and temperature. MPPT [3] equipment uses
algorithms that frequently monitor voltages and currents of panel, then adjust the turn-on time of
chopper as needed.

Types Of Converters

Basic circuit designing of PV cell:

3
ICRAEM 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 981 (2020) 042075 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/981/4/042075

I –V and P–V characteristics

Specifications of the PV panel

Depending on the requirement PV module can be operated at any point on the I-V curve between the
Isc and the Voc. However, the power from the PV module is different at every operating point as
shown in the P-V curve.

Proposed method
The proposed method generally uses sensors to monitor current and voltage of the PV array. At
Maximum Power Point the slope of the PV curve is zero [4]. This method needs two sensors, one for
voltage and the other for current to be sensed.

The output power from the source is

For the case of P=V*I

From the definition , the source conductance G as

the source incremental conductance as

4
ICRAEM 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 981 (2020) 042075 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/981/4/042075

P-V curve

2. Mathematical Model:

Figure. simulation model of incremental conductance MPPT algorithm

3. Simulation Results:

power wave form Current wave form

4. Conclusion
From the above proposed mathematical implementation of the PV system with proposed MPPT
algorithm we can obtain the maximum power by tracking the optimal point of operation of PV system
and making it to operate close to maximum power operation point to grasp maximum available solar
power and convert it to relatively more electrical power.

5
ICRAEM 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 981 (2020) 042075 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/981/4/042075

5. References
[1] K. H. Hussein, Muta, Hoshino and Osakada "Maximum Photovoltaic Power Tracking: An
Algorithm For Rapidly Changing Atmospheric Conditions". IEEE Proc.-Gener. TransaDistrib.,
Vol. 142, No. I, January 1995
[2] P. A Lynn, electricity from sunlight: An Introduction to photovoltaics, John Wiley & sons,
2010,p.238.
[3] Z. Salameh and D. Taylor, "Step-up maximum power point tracker for photovoltaic arrays,"
Solar Energy, vol. 44, pp. 57–61, 1990.
[4] Esram, T. and Chapman, P.L. (2007) Comparison of Photovoltaic Array Maximum Power Point
Tracking Techniques. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 22, 439-449

[5 ] Rajasri I., Gupta A.V.S.S.K.S., Rao Y.V.D.,Symmetry and its Effects on Structures of Planetary
Gear Trains, Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C,2014.

[6] Mudi J., Shiva C.K., Vedik B., Mukherjee V. 2020 Frequency Stabilization of Solar Thermal-
Photovoltaic Hybrid Renewable Power Generation Using Energy Storage Devices Iranian
Journal of Science and Technology - Transactions of Electrical Engineering